Document 7Rg7xaxm46yZrMz5yDgeE3b6R

St. Louis Hospital Benefits By Using Lead and Soil Pipe HOSPITAL plumbing, more than plumbing in any other type of building perhaps, brings out the es sential nature of good installation and materials. While plumbing in anv kind ot building mav be a great aid to linnin Desloge Hospital. in which lead and cast-iron plumbing was found to be r,: health and comfort if it is good, or a more economical in addition potential danger if it is not. this con dition is emphasized even more in hos to the well recognized jact of being better pitals where life itself mav be said to revolve about the plumbing svstem. In hospitals the plumbing is subjected I. to more concentrated and constant use. Lvery architect will recognize in this kind of plumbing the very best that could be put into it both as to materials and workmanship. Unfor Besides the extensive use of lead in the plumbing for the Firmin Desloge Hospital, hard lead ua? also emploved to lashion the ornamental trim of the tunately we are unable to publish chapel steeple, the ridge and other I./- photographs of the lead work for it parts of the main roof, affording an lias been concealed now for seven excellent example of two wide-spread gn applications of lead, one essential!v Or v1 ' jj . O1 LEAD IHDUS1ME5' practical and of great benefit in sani tation, and the other both practical and ornamental from a construction d years where, according to A. F. Level standpoint. Furthermore, for or .4 Iv'S Plan of lead and cast-iron roughing-ln ing, chief engineer and building super intendent of the hospital, the plumb ing has never leaked, stopped up or namentation. fine lead work adds distinction. A. I. Widmer and Associates. Inc. * in the nursery on the ninth floor. Lead tents omitted to avoid con/u.si'ort given one bit of trouble of any kind. were the architects and the Hercules hj the waste matter, if not properly han One of the most interesting features of this job to architects should be the Construction Co. were the builders for this hospital. dled. is of a more dangerous nature, fact that it was originally laid out for C. Y. Lucas, who operates the Mid- and leaks, stoppages, or plumbing out another type of plumbing system. It City Plumbing and Heating Co., in St. of use can not be tolerated. was found, however, that such a sys Louis, was mechanical engineer and Firmin Desloge Hospital, built in tem would be impossible to install plumbing superintendent responsible St. Louis, Mo., in 1931, is a good ex under the conditions and that lead and for the planning of this job for the ample of what hospital plumbing soil pipe, making an infinitely better plumbing contractor, J. A. McBride s should be with advantage to everyone, job, could be installed in less space at Mechanical Equipment Co., with even to the extent of reducing build a great saving. whom he was connected at the time. ing costs. Soil, waste and vent systems in this hospital are all cast-iron and r a lead pipe, the work of skilled mechan ics with quality materials. All closet bends and connections to wall hung closets are extra-heavy lead and all branch waste and vent pipe is L (C) weight lead. All drum traps on bath wastes are 4 x 10 in. extra-heavy lead. Shower floors are lined with 4 lb. sheet lead and all roof flashings are also 4 ..i lb. lead. All main soil, waste and vent pipes and inside leaders are cast-iron jointed with lead. The 6 in. water ser vice likewise is cast-iron calked with Plan of lead and cast-iroti wastes for typical surgical dressing rooms on the third to seventh floors inclusive of Desloge Hospital. Lead vents have been omitted P; lead. in the drawing for clarity \ \ Lead Joints Prove Dependable Under Severe Strain \ HE installation of a 30-in. sub Taqueous cast-iron water main unjer Curtis Creek in Baltimore. Md.. is an.'ther excellent example of the serv iceability and the practicability of lead for calking joints under unusual JIU1 difficult conditions. It was neces- >arv to lav 1.200 ft. of this line under uater. the depth varying from zero to y) ft. The operation was begun in September. 1937. and completed in I \pril. 1938. The under-water section of the piping consisted of 100 12-ft. lengths of Metropolitan Type No. 2 cast-iron pipe, and about 151) ft. of standard bell and spigot pipe, each joint requiring approximately 150 lb. of calking lead for its completion. The main was constructed by laving r two or three lengths of pipe at a time n ,1 on a skidway, inclined at 30 deg. to built the water pressure up to 177 lb. This installation further demon the horizontal, located at one shore. per sq. in. and in ten minutes, without strates the superiority of lead calked \ The joints were poured, calked and anv further pumping, pressure drop joints. Despite the great stress on the i- A n then the pipe pulled, as construction progressed, across the lied of Curtis Creek to the opposite shore. A pulling ped only 3 lb. A leakage test required that the main under the normal distribution pipe line, the flexibility and water tight qualities of the lead joints pro duced exceedingly satisfactory results. force of not greater than 15 tons was system pressure of 80 lb. per sq. in W ith such a record under trying con used, although experimental tests dem should lose not more than 50 gal. per ditions. the merit of using lead calking onstrated that the joints were capable in. of diameter per mile per 24 hr.. for joints in cast-iron pipe under or of withstanding a much higher stress. which was equivalent to a 375 gal. loss dinary conditions is obvious. The After reaching its final position the in 24 hr. for this particular installa Seal of Approval on calking lead v line was subjected to air pressure tests tion. Results of the test showed an assures high quality. to reveal possible leaks. Final tests on actual loss of only 21 gal., or less than Leon Small, water engineer, Balti the main required that a hydrostatic 3 gal. per in. of diameter per mile, in more Bureau of Water Supplv. was in t. pressure of 175 lb. per sq. in. be main the 24-hour period, or about 6 per cent charge of this installation. J. M. Kin- d e tained for ten minutes. The contractor of the allowable leakage. near is assistant water engineer. e !e h Left, piles indicate location of [he main as it is pulled under water Right, testing equip ment used to deter V mine how great a pulling force 'could he used with lead joints PHOTOS COURTESY BALTIMORE BUREAU OF WATER SUPPLY, ENGINEERING DIVISION [3] LIA25492 I Lead Shower Pans Provide Dependable Waterproofing u r in g the summer vacation, D Princeton University's under graduate Cottage Club has undergone extensive renovation and the plumbing has come in for a major share of this work. Lead pans have been placed under the stall shower floors. One batterv of three showers is on the second Boor over an expensive ornamental ceiling. Such costlv decoration must have the positive protection against leakage best provided by properly in stalled lead pans. Lead weighing 6 lb. per sq. ft. was used. Usually even a battery of showers can be lined with a single sheet of lead without seams, as was the case at Princeton, because lead can be ob tained in large sheets. A suggested specification lor lead shower pans follows: liaftll ORREN TACK TURNER Cottage Club, Princeton Cniierd/v. in which lead shower pans figured heanly in remodeling work Specification for Lead Shower Pan Shower stall ( rooml floors shall be completely lined with a 4 lb. (6 lb.. 8 lb. i sheet lead pan turned at least 6 in. up to walls all around. (Stripsof lead 5 ft. high and lapping inside the upstand of the Boor pan 4 in. shall be provided at each corner extending 3 in. on each side of the corner.) Corners of pans shall be folded tight against the upstands and soldered. Tops of upstands shall be set back 14 in. into notches in studs. (Tops of upstands shall be dressed tightly against ma sonry walls.) In rooms too large to be covered by a single sheet of lead, seams joining sheets shall be lapped at least V2 in- in direction of flow and soldered, with solder sweated between the sheets to the depth of the overlap. Concrete under pans shall be brought Pfi Lead shower pan, coated both sides with asphalturn, in Cottage Club. Marble partitions hare been installed, lapping in side the pan upstands which will be covered with marble baseboards and a double stile, capped ORRFfC TACK TURNER to a smooth finish with a mixture of cement and sand, and the lead well coated on both sides with a good grade of asphaltum. (Wood floors under pans shall be firm and even with nail heads set, and made of well-seasoned Tg in. boards covered with asphaltimpregnated building paper weighing at least 15 lb. per square. Inside of pans on wood Boors shall be well coated with a good grade of asphal tum.) A cement and sand mixture shall be used inside pans as founda tion for tile. Pans shall be graded to the floor drain to which they shall be securely soldered (clamped). The trap flange shall be countersunk and weep holes provided in the drain just above the lead. The trap shall be plugged and pan filled with water as a test be fore installing tile. If pans are left open without immediately installing tile they shall be protected by heavy building paper until tiled over. When shower walls are marble, as in the Cottage Club, they are set in side the pan, and where the upstand is thus left exposed it is covered by a marble base-board. Eldredge Snyder of New York was the architect for this remodeling and Schelling, Busch and Snyder, also of New York, were the general contractors. The plumbing contractor was Elling Bros, of Somer ville, N. J. [4 LIA25A93 Dignified Signature Plates for Architects Lead signature plate on a resi dence in Green wich, Conn. DAYTny SNYDF.R N interesting and deserving ap work, leaving a permanent record of A plication of lead, recently devel their accomplishments. oped. is its use for architects' name Lead name plates, as designed by plates. Unquestionably, architectureKenneth Lynch and Son. Inc.. Long one of the most important of all arts. Island City, N. Y.. are cast in a stand Yet. unlike painters, sculptors and ard 2x8 in. size, with the architect's other artists, few architects sign their name and the date of construction in lettering designed in accordance with the architect's preference. Special sizes, borders and other features may also he obtained. The name plates are so designed that they may be used in conjunction with all building materials and the attrac tive color of lead is one which har monizes with any type of construction. A further advantage lies in the fact that rain-water does not dissolve out the lead and produce unsightlv stains on the adjacent materials. Further more. the appearance of the lead name plate improves with age. Thus, lead, with its centuries of tra dition in architecture, now provides a means for dignified and unobtrusive identification of today's architecture in years to come when the present pe riod is being studied and photo graphed. White Lead Aids in Low Cost Development Building N Sycamore Estates, a new low-price I development at Livingston, N. J., all exterior painting has been done sash of varied decorative colors. Furthermore, through painted wood construction, the home owner is of paint failures and early repainting. White lead similarly protects the builder, for, sometimes, in the case of with pure white lead and oil. These fered the possibility of changing the large developments, the early failure houses, ranging in price from $4,500 decorative styling of his home and re of cheap paint on the homes first built to $5,000, have all been bought by newing its freshness in the future has been a great handicap in selling satisfied customers, the crucial test of easily and economically. the houses built at a later date. development building. White lead may be used as a selling It is truly practical to use pure white Low-priced homes are being erected point just as non-corrosive sheet metal lead and oil, not only for the selling all over the country today, and the work, plumbing or other parts of a points obtained and the protection competition in this field of endeavor home, particularly since white lead is given the builder, but also because the is necessarily keen. In this respect, most widely recognized by the public economy of the paint, the high cover each additional selling point is an as a high quality paint material. It age, and ease of application combine other step towards success in building offers the owner a home free from to lower the cost of the finished job. enterprises. However, "eighty per cent of im pressions we remember register on our minds through the eyes" and it is the painted exterior of the Cape Cod, Dutch Colonial, or other style homes which first attracts the prospective buyer. An attractive paint job is very similar to a well-designed package and increases the saleability of the home. This point is well brought out in the General view oj some of the homes at Sycamore Es tates,, where pure white lead and oil was used for paint ing i Sycamore Estates' houses. These small I homes are cheerful and attractive in their exterior paint treatment, white being used for the bodies augmented by shutters, flower boxes, trim and [5] t i. 1 i! -f Western H ome Shows Originality in Varied Lead Work HE attractive Alameda. Cal., home Tshown in the accompanving photo graphs demonstrates some of the many applications of lead work that provide a wealth of charm and simple beauty for houses in every price range and stvle throughout the country. In this home, designed bv Paul V. Tuttle, of Oakland. Cal., lead is featured in the flashing, gutters, leaders, leaderheads. came window, and also in lead lan terns and ornamental wall brackets for Bower pots. Lead Industries' Seal of Approval lead pipe forms the leaders. The gut ters and leaderheads are made from sheet lead, hand-wrought to a simple but attractive design, with joints in the leaderheads made by lead burning. This method of joining lead, widely used in the chemical industries for it provides a-truly homogeneous bond. View of the iront entry with lead gutters, leader and leaderhead, and orna mental lead lanterns is interesting from an ornamental standpoint also. The finished joint forms a molding similar in design to the rope motif on the edge of the gutters. The lanterns, fashioned bv hand from hard sheet lead, provide a smail but very decorative addition to the or namentation of this home. Their si 1 ver-gra\ patina blends admirable with the stuccoed walls, and. with the gut ters and leaders, provide an attractive contrast with the tile roof. Color stvling is a feature of modern building that has acquired nation-wide atten tion. The color of lead, admired through centuries, blends with anv type of construction or color scheme and it should be remembered that lead work does not stain adjacent paint, masonry, or other building materials. Such staining disfigures otherwise ar- Left, a close-up of the stained glass window constructed by Stagnaro Art Glass If'orks. Oak land, Cal. Right, rear terrace showing lead flowerput brackets, lantern and other ornamen tal lead work P KOTOS BV MORPHY STUDIO [6] LIA25495 ti^tic homes and should be avoided. W hether in low. moderate, or lush- iriced houses lead, with a comhinatj,,n of desirable qualities, offers archi tects and builders a practical solution to the problem of designing homes hit'll must fall within a definite price ranee and vet must he distinctive. By using ornamental lead work a decorative touch mav he added to the appearance of a house that is certain to please the owner and is also an ad vantage in selling speculative homes. Furthermore, since many of the parts so treated are essential features of a well-constructed house, the added charm of fine lead work is a real economv. The lead gutters, leaders arid leaderheads were installed by \V. F. Mc Namara. of San Francisco, who also made the lead lanterns. The general contractor for this home was (diaries VI . Falk of Oakland. Eastern Residence Displays Fine Architectural Lead Work LTHOUGH building on the Pa Besides the attractiveness given A cific coast, as exemplified by the modern dwellings by the use of lead home in the preceding article, may bework, sheet lead embodies main other quite different than in the east, due to advantages, both for the architect and variations in climatic and other condi the home ow ner. The use of sheet lead tions. lead work fulfills its practical for flashings means durable, complete and ornamental purposes with equal ly watertight joints which will not re serviceability and attractiveness. sult in complaints to plague the archi Shown in the accompanying illus tect or in stained walls and ceilings trations is a Georgian residence at causing annoyance and expense to the Purchase. N. \ .. at the opposite end home owner. There is no danger of of the country from the house in Ala staining from lead work to cause ugly meda. Cal., and of equally different disfiguration of adjacent building design, which demonstrates the adapt materials, and the neutral gray color ability of lead very clearly. This home, is pleasing with any construction ma built in 1928. includes in its applica terials. Furthermore, since sheet lead tions of architectural lead work para is comparable in price to other sheet pet wall Hashing and ridge roll flash metals used for similar purposes, these ing. lead roofs on the dormer windows advantages may be realized very and over the expansive bays, ornamen economically. tal lead urns and leaderheads, lead For your assistance the Lead In chimney caps and other parts of the dustries Association will be glad to building. help you prepare specifications and Leigh French. Jr., of New York, the details for your lead installations. architect for this home has used lead work in many of the buildings he has designed and has achieved excellent results with this metal for flashings and ornamental work. Lead chimney caps which are now attracting the at tention of architects throughout the country, have been employed by Mr. French for a number of years and have been found to be thoroughly serviceable. The gray band of lead formed by the chimney cap provides an attractive crown for any type chimney and by completely waterproofing the top pre vents moisture from seeping into the joints where, upon freezing, it may cause cracking and crumbling of the mortar and deterioration of the chim ney itself. Details of lead chimney cap installations were given in the May and July. 1938. issues of LEAD. General view oj the Purchase, .V. Y., residence where sheet lead was used extensively jor flashing and ornamen tal work L IA25496 Lead Riveting for Fastening Chemical Tank Linings NEW method has been devel The method of fastening the lead to A oped by the Texas Company, the steel walls and roof is an impor whereby lead linings are riveted to thaent factor. A practice widely used in nating the danger of the rivet die cut ting through the lead lining. During the driving of the rivet, the sheet lead steel shells of vessels used in conjunc the past has been to use vertical bat is drawn up against the steel as in tion with oil refining. This new method tens spaced about four feet apart. riveting two pieces of steel. The rivet is claimed to support the load uni These battens are half oval steel bars head on the lead side is then scraped formly over the entire surface and re which clamp the lead to the steel plate and burned into the sheet lead lining, duce the possibility of damage due to by means of countersunk plow bolts. thus maintaining a homogeneous sheet undue and uneven stress. A strip of lead is then laid over the and eliminating leakage around the Lead, due to its high resistance to baiten anu burned to the lining proper. rivets. corrosion bv many common chemicals, The new method utilizes lead rivets Although the relative cost of this is a metal of great importance in a of the same composition as the lining. method has not been definitely estab large number of our greatest indus The spacing between rivets varies from lished, it is estimated that it is more tries. This is especially true in the pe 5 to 8 in., so that each rivet need carry economical than the former system. troleum industry where sulphuric only a small fraction of the entire Rivets allow faster fabrication and re acid, a highly corrosive chemical un load. The rivet size depends upon two duce the amount of lead "burning'' der certain conditions, is widely used factors, the thickness of the steel plate required. Also, in new installations, in treating processes. In the oil re and the weight of lead used. the rivet holes may be punched in the finery chemical sheet lead is employed In lining vessels in this manner the fabricating shop, a further reduction to protect the steel shell and roof of head of the rivet may be formed on in labor time and costs. vessels such as agitators, mixers, and either the lead or the steel side, al We are grateful to the Texas Com I. separators from the deleterious action though the latter is better practice, al pany for information and photographs a of this acid. lowing a more thorough job and elimi concerning this use of lead. v1 i `S t'- Two views show ing how the lead rivets are formed and ''burned' on either side of the V lining -s ' vH A PHOTOS COURTESY THE TEXAS COMPANY UPON REQUEST, THE LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION WILL BE GLAD TO MAIL "LEAD" REGULARLY, FREE OF CHARGE, TO THOSE INTERESTED, AND WILL COOPERATE, WITHOUT OBLIGATION, IN THE SOLUTION OF YOUR LEAD PROBLEMS L IA2 54 97 PRINTED IN U.S.A. BY PUBLISHERS PRINTING CO,, NEW YORK CITY