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1 WILLIAM J. 0RIVER Pratldtnt MANUFACTURING CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION 1825 CONNECTICUT AVENUE. N. W. WASHINGTON, D. C. 20009 (202) 483-6126 tfECEr/;) JUfJ 1 P jQTn ^ June 8, 1970 TO THE EXECUTIVE CONTACTS OF MEMBER FIRMS Gentlemen: I believe ycy and your associates may be interested in reading the enclosed copy' of the 1970 edition of "Catalysts of a Profession". The booklet, initially made available at the recent Annual Meeting, describes our College Chemistry Teacher Awards Program, presents sketches of the four new recipients, and contains the text of the provocative remarks offered by Dr. Eugene George Rochow, Harvard University, their spokesman at the Business session. Distribution of the brochure is being made to all institutions in the United States and Canada offering programs in chemistry and chemical engineering. Should you care for additional copies, we would be delighted to provide them. Sincerely, Enclosure W.^j. Driver AP000371 1 i wiijwyiniti^w wm+**w** wmmmimvt^^ ^ ^`s**i-i1-1,:*<^ywqwss^- -w.?- < -'- n(iirii^|^!irJti#iw>^<ir~ -i ji-tri nr KijiVttVVtel mi.... ... jr.t -s. AP00037170 4 AP00037171 of a Profession AN UP-TO-DATE REPORT ON AN INDUSTRY'S FOURTEEN-YEAR STUDY OF EXCELLENCE IN CHEMISTRY TEACHING 1970 EDITION AP00037172 Catalysts of a Kind-- ------------------------------------ 3 Background of the Program 4 Profiles of MCA Award Recipients--1970 ---------------------------------- 7 Only Change Is Certain Eugene George Roc how----------------------------------------------------- 16 Sixty-five Outstanding Teachers-------------------------------------------------- 22 Table of Contents MCA Officers and Education Activities Committee------------------ 24 An Education Service of the Manufacturing Chemists Association 1825 Connecticut Avenue Washington, D. C. 20009 2 AP00037173 A catalyse, according to one definition, is a substance which pro motes a reaction without losing its own identity. We believe another definition should include human catalysts -- people who have the precious power and skill to interest and to stimulate young, scientifically-minded students and transform them into men and women with a mission. But unlike the catalysts of the mate rial world, they themselves become more valuable and more richly endowed in the process. It is to these thousands of catalysts, the outstanding teachers in the field of chemistry, that this booklet is dedicated. Catalysts of a Kind Since 1957 when the College Chemistry Teacher Awards Program was initiaced, the Manufacturing Chemists Association has been directing public attention to these catalysts. For they are the key individuals in providing the talent so badly needed by education, government and industry. The sixty-five teachers chosen for the honors thus far are indeed outstanding people in their profession but they should also be considered as representatives of the thousands who perform in equally devoted and dedicated fashion. 3 APO00371 Background of the Program One measure of an industry's success is the quality of service it performs. That quality depends on the people it employs. As the chemical industry has been called on for increasing- quan tities and kinds of products needed by a growing nation, the industry has needed greater numbers of highly qualified men and women. The source of such people is the classroom and the labo ratory; the strength of the source is excellence of teaching. In an effort to insure the replenishment and growth of this vital source, the chemical industry took an early lead in constructive concern for education. In 1956, when only a perceptive few were acting on the problem --and before the rush to help had become a fashion--the Manufac turing Chemists Association began its broad-based program under the supervision of its Education Activities Committee. All the men who compose this group are representatives of MCA's member companies and are prominently identified with kindred activities in their own firms and in community education work. Every project has been guided by these philosophies: . . . Whatever is done in aid-toeducation must be done in co operation with educators. . . . The industry can help most in areas it knows best. ... Its central effort should be to develop new materials and methods for use in teaching science. . . . The program must not commercialize the material or 4 AP00037175 propagandize the students. Within the boundaries set by these broad principles, the EAC has moved toward certain objectives which have remained un changed since the program was begun: . . . To improve understanding between those who teach science and those who apply it in industry. . . . To help develop materials useful in teaching science and in explaining the use in industry of the scientific principles taught in school and college. . . . To increase awareness of the chemical industry's role in the nation's economy and defense. . . . To broaden the students' knowledge of chemical industry careers and to encourage qualified students to seek them. . . . To identify outstanding teachers and to generate wide public recognition of their achievements. In working toward these goals, the industry has developed and carried out a number of projects, including the production of experiments, books and booklets, films, and safety posters--all designed to facilitate teaching and stimulate [earning--and all prepared with the advice and approval of distinguished teachers. A most effective and gratifying feature of the industry's program has been its presentation of College Chemistry Teacher Awards. They are designed to honor outstanding teachers, to publicize the need for superior teaching, and to encourage truly qualified 5 students to plan careers as teachers. Zn order to select recipients of the Awards, the EAC asks the heads of chemistry departments in institutions granting large num bers of advanced degrees, which colleges send them the best trained and most highly motivated students. The graduate department heads are also asked to name the college professors responsible for the outstanding students. The presidents of the colleges, in turn, are asked for supporting evidence on behalf of the professors. The field is not limited to colleges named by graduate chairmen. Any president of any undergraduate institution can name a candi date. Every nomination must contain evidence that the candidate has been teaching at least ten years; and it must be accompanied by letters of endorsement from colleagues, former students, and others in related fields of science. The judges--a panel of distinguished educators--seek teachers who have imbued students with an interest in chemistry, inspired them to serious intellectual effort, and nurtured the interest into a continuing dedication. It has been said that the best teachers are young men and men who never get old--men who grow in knowledge without failing in spirit. Such teachers give to the world generation after generation of young people with the knowledge, judgment, and drive to per form superbly in the careers they choose. One measure of a teacher's success is the quality of the students he has produced. This the chemist in industry understands, and this he honors with joy, It is to teachers of this quality--whose records appear on the following pages--that the Manufacturing Chemists Association presents its 1970 College Chemistry Teacher Awards. These men and women are the catalysts of their profession. AP00037177 The more one studies a master teacher in action and reviews his achievements, the more elusive becomes his definition. So often a person, looking back on his academic career, expresses this senti ment about an instructor: "The greatest teacher I ever had." Yet he finds it baffling to explain fully all the factors that led him to this appraisal. In reviewing literally thousands of letters from former students and associates in support of candidates, the judges responsible for selecting the MCA Award recipients have found statements end lessly repeated such as these: . .a brilliant lecturer and demonstrator" "... interested in each individual student" ",.. his profession is his life" "... makes chemistry exciting" ", .. tireless in promoting chemistry on the campus and elsewhere" These attributes are credited to every one of the hundreds of professors nominated. So the job has been to dig deeper; to at tempt to answer additional questions: What are the candidate's basic objectives in presenting his subject? His ideas concerning science -- its methods and purposes? What evidence -- statistical or otherwise -- shows the candidate's role in preparing students for successful graduate study in chemistry or related sciences? How has he influenced other teachers? What has he done to bring chemistry teaching abreast of the times? Even when the answers to .these questions are complete, it is difficult to rank one above another, All are worthy of recognition. The following brief sketches of the 1970 award recipients may provide further clues to the frustrating question: "What makes a great teacher?" Profiles of MCA Award Recipients--1970 7 AP00037178 Eugene George Rochow In a day when students are prone to evaluate their pro fessors openly, it is significant that year after year this teacher's course receives the praise of the cantankerous authors of the "Harvard Confidential Guide to Freshmen" written by and for undergraduates. The impression Eugene George Rochow makes upon his students is attributable, in part, to the fact that he has be'en constantly ahead of his times. Long before the nation became immersed in the furore over the environment he was stressing the social significance of science and the im portance of ecological problems. An innovator throughout his 22 years in Cambridge, he invites prestigious scientists to his freshman course as guest lecturers, transforms the review session before examinations into an open dialogue in which a synthesis of material takes place, polls students for suggestions to improve the course, and gives them a choice of subjects to be covered. 8 AP00037179 \V -vft Innovations of this kind do not necessarily make a great course. Neither does the man who employs them become a great teacher. A former student observes: "The secret of the mastery of Eugene Rochow is really no secret at all. It is only that the telling is bound to be inadequate ... I be lieve his mastery is a combination of at least two qualities possessed in full measure: the ability to communicate the subject to the tyro student and the art of projecting his personality so that it shines through the subject matter, il luminating both in a memorable image . . ." Internationally known for his pioneering research--he is called the "Father of Silicones'1, this versatile scientist has also been a contributor to scientific education at home and abroad and a perennial speaker before high-school groups. All these and countless other achievements add to his stature as an outstanding ambassador of chemistry. 9 AP00037180 Robert L. Burham No phenomenon in the education world is more impres sive than the rapid growth of the two-year colleges. Its rapid pace, particularly in the field of chemical technology, has called for steady and wise guidance--guidance which Robert L. Burham has provided in good measure. In the early days at Grand View College he played a lead ing role in designing and equipping its chemical laboratory; more recently he helped in planning its science-classroom building. His enthusiasm for sound teaching is paramount, however. The dedication of one of the college yearbooks cites "his abilities as a lecturer, his scholarship, his service to school and students and the respect of his colleagues . . ." Many of his students have continued on with ad vanced studies and hold important academic, industrial and governmental posts today. Despite all of his demanding responsibilities, he has found time for additional study, thereby making himself an even more effective teacher. In off-campus activities, Mr. Burham has served unself- 10 AP00037181 ishly on the Two-Year College Chemistry Committee of which he is presently secretary. Through the leadership of this influential organization chemistry teachers in commu nity institutions everywhere have become acquainted with sound curricula and have been introduced to the effective use of supplemental teaching tools such as audio-visual aids, auto-tutorial systems and computerized methods of analysis. Mr. Burham has also been active in the programs of the Advisory Council on College Chemistry and the American Chemical Society's Teacher and His Work Committee. His interest in enlisting promising young people in the field of chemistry is demonstrated by his constant appearance as a speaker before high school groups and as a judge of science fairs. In paying tribute to Mr. Burham the MCA honors not only him but also the grpwing number of outstanding chemistry teachers in the two-year colleges. Here is a man whose activities appear to have touched every facet of modern chemistry teaching. His name and achievements are known to thousands of former students at Lebanon Valley College and to colleagues throughout the country. Howard Anthony Neidig For 22 years he has taught at his alma mater and one needs be on its campus but a short time to discover the importance of Howard Anthony Neidig in its total program, A dedicated professor, he kindles enthusiasm for learning. Few teachers are imbued with his talent for conveying the crucial essence of a complex subject or have his dramatic flair for lecturing. Few labor so closely with young research ers in the laboratory--with Che "late bloomers" as well as with those of innate capacity, The success of his graduates in academic life, government and industry is a testimonial to his excellence. I ' 1 I 12 AP00037183 In his quiet, self-effacing manner, Dr. Neidig has influ enced the entire scope and quality of chemical education. Scarcely a conference for the development of courses or the design of laboratory experiments has been held where he has not played a key role. He has long participated as a committee chairman, adviser or worker in the councils of the Division of Chemical Education and the American Chemical Society. In America and overseas he has intro duced new programs, notably the Chemical Bond Approach for high-school chemistry instruction. Through his efforts the horizons of education at every level have been widened. A contributor to professional journals both as editor and as prolific author of scholarly papers, a skilled evaluator of research proposals, a source of counsel on a limitless fron tier--these are attributes which, added to many others, make Dr. Neidig a towering figure in his profession. 13 AP00037184 Robert E. Treybal The late Herbert Hoover once observed: "To the engineer falls the job of clothing the bare bones of science with life, comfort and hope . . The chemical engineer carries out this mission in superb fashion, making possible the fulfill ment of Man's modern needs. Thorough preparation of young people skilled in this rapidly changing field is essential and no one has excelled Robert E. Treybal in performing the task, For all 33 years of his teaching career he has served at New York University where his preoccupation has been in helping students to interpret and apply chemical science to practical advantage. So effective have been Dr. Treybal's efforts that many of his graduates are now on leading college faculties; like num bers hold executive posts in chemical firms and government agencies. A host of students have testified to the brilliance and 14 AP00037!85 thorough organization of his lectures which arouse curiosity and a hunger for knowledge. His teachings have been projected far beyond his own campus. Two highly regarded textbooks ``Mass-Transfer Operations" and "Liquid Extractions", in numerous trans lations, have found world-wide use. His professional articles and papers are legion. Also, he has served on key com mittees of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, the American Chemical Society and the American Society for Engineering Education. Despite his devotion to academic concerns, he has given many hours to consulting work and research and holds numerous patents. For his varied achievements Dr. Treybal has already been granted highly regarded awards by other organizations. In presenting its College Chemistry Teacher Award to Dr. Treybal, the Manufacturing Chemists Association adds dis tinction to the roll of recipients. 15 AP00037186 Goodyear to Alexander Fleming, have found their luck in what are called "chance discoveries". No less important is the element of luck in the scaling-up procedure for a new process, and in the choice of men to run it. I suppose that much of marketing is luck, too, since it is dependent upon the whims of a fickle public. Mique Flett summed it all up a few years ago when he remarked, "Happy is the man who is associated with even one successful innovation in the field of applied chemistry!" I see his point; many chemists labor with devotion and skill, year after year, and yet never have found themselves in the winner's circle. They have advanced the cause of science and have contributed to the human storehouse of proven truth, but they never happened to be on the right spot at the right time to make the legendary Big Discovery. Luck--Chance--Choice "Ah", you will say, "but it is not enough to make a lucky discovery; one must have the training to understand what is going on, and the acumen to follow it up!". What you are pointing out is that luck implies chance, and chance involves choice: A new freedom of choice opens up when a "chance discovery" is made, and the successful inventor is one who can make the right decisions in following up his first obser vation. So it is with teaching: the teacher is trying to accom plish something new with the brains behind each new set of faces, and with a little bit of luck he can find a new way to do it. The world of the young is in a constant state of flux-- a giddy whirl, some might call it. The onty thing we can be sure of is that student attitudes constantly change. The born teacher instinctively notes what fluctuations offer new receptiveness, and hence new opportunities to get his point across, and instinctively he makes the right choices to accomplish his aim in the shortest time. He knows that if Address of the spokesman for the 1970 Award recipients at MCA's 98th Annual Meeting. 17 AP00037188 he plods ahead on a predetermined plan at a measured rate he is going to lose the brightest minds through bore dom, so he plays a game of wits with the smart ones and cajoles the rest into a game of follow-the-leader. Such a teacher is Leonard Nash, whose unique ability was recog nized by this Association in 1966. I have had less oppor tunity to observe my three colleagues here today, but I suspect that they operate the same way. What do the rest of us do? I have to use a different system, one which could be called consumer testing. Starting with James Conant's dictum that the student is the sole judge of whether a course or a teacher is good or bad, and by asking often enough fin enough different ways) I know how things are going. I cannot understand teachers who resist student ratings and ignore the results; I would be lost without them. Making Common Cause With the Young We are now in the midst of enormous changes in attitude within the student age group. All of you know the reasons for these rapid changes, chief of which, of course, is the fighting of secret and undeclared wars, using in a grandiose manner under slogans of "power" and "avoiding humilia tion" the bodies of young men who have no say in the matter, like pawns on a chessboard. These young people were raised in the belief that they lived in a democracy, and their sharp disappointment in finding neither political nor social nor economic democracy for them spills over into rage and frustration. But in their calmer moments they also are intelligent and well-informed people, so they set about devising ways to curb the'major irritations and, eventually, to cure the world's ills. It will be a sad day for the world when no one wants to make things better! So the winds of change blow strong, and the question 13 AP000371 for us is, how can we best use the newly-presented choices to achieve greater harmony and more effectiveness? First, we should recognize that there is a greater interest in practical things, once more. It has a new name: relevance. It also has a new purpose: the young people want to learn what makes things tick in order to apply that practical knowledge to eliminating the pollution of the environment and the thoughtless despoiling of our limited resources. That is natural, for they have more at stake in how the world looks and smells fifty years from now than we do. We cannot expect our interests to coincide completely, but we would do well to understand the change in thinking, to welcome it, and to make common cause with the young people for many good reasons, chief of which is to bring them back into the fold. Consider what has happened: In the days of the GI bulge in the colleges, the male students were earnest, settled young men who had been out in the world and who knew what they wanted. They responded to a practical approach, full of references to everyday experience and keyed to con crete suggestions for the advancement of their personal careers. They were exemplary students, and I am sure that they made excellent employees and then dependable ad ministrators, later on. Then came the age of Sputnik, and we entered upon a furious renovation of schools and colleges, with strong emphasis on theory, on physics and mathe matics, on principles entirely divorced from the real worka day world. Many teachers held that our salvation in the hectic race with the Russians lay in moving high-school studies into the grade schools, putting abstract college subjects into high school, and moving the senior course in physical chemistry into the freshman slot. At the same time, we relieved the students of all economic responsibility and all practical worries. In effect, we made disadvantaged 19 children out of them by depriving them of all necessity to struggle for a job, to think in practical terms, or to be connected with reality in any form at all. Relevance Becomes the Watchword What happened? An alienation of the young people, resentful of the pressure and thrashing about without any understandable aim. Escapism became rampant. A pred ecessor in this series of talks, only three years ago,, de plored tiie divergent aims and actions on both sides of what he called the interface between industry and academia.* The policy of forced feeding of knowledge was a failure, yet there are still professors busily engaged in continuing it, trying now to force postgraduate-level thermodynamics and statistical mechanics into the freshman course. They are missing the turn of the road. The emphasis now is on releveuice to urgent present-day problems, and any theory is an unjustifiable waste of time unless it can be demonstrated to have immediate helpful application to a sorespot. Yes, young people are interested in industry now. and are clamoring to get in; the shortage of jobs serves to heighten that interest. Young people are dissatisfied with the do-nothing universities, and want to go where the real action is: where things are designed, and made, and distributed for the consumer. They want to improve these processes, for the sake of their world and ours." Tidying Up Our Own Spaceship I can only applaud this change. I am delighted to find students responsive to lecture demonstration experiments, having had a surfeit of words; students interested in in dustrial processes traced way back to the earth, with supple- * See O. T. Benfey, Catalysts of a Profession, 1967 ed,, p. 20 20 AP00037191 ments explaining how the materials get back to earth or back to the stream of consumables again. What a welcome change, and how much we can do with itl Twenty years ago, on the occasion of the Baekeland Medal, I pointed out how essential it was to use our material resources wisely and reversibly, aiming toward a human race living in a state of equilibrium with our planet. All the facts and figures were there, and suggestions for remedial action. What followed? My university colleagues not only were absent, they depiored my association with applied chemistry. Some leaders of industry remarked that it was the clearest statement of the case for conservation they had ever heard, but then proceeded to forget about it and do nothing. The popular press had a carnival (especially their cartoonists') ridiculing the idea that there might not always be ham and eggs to go around. "Harvard professor says we will have to eat our pajamas, and only rent the steel in our cars!", went the headlines. Now an estimated 500 billion beer cans. 1100 billion non-returnable bottles, and 200 million dead automobile carcasses later, the public (led by young people) is beginning to wake up. Just beginning, though. This year 4,000,000,000 aluminum beer cans will be made, each capable of lasting a hundred years on the landscape. Haven't we all reason to be glad for changes in attitude, and for a chance to do things in a better way? We all ought to take space exploration more seriously, and set about at once to tidy our own little spherical spaceship, and conserve our consumables, and meet each emergency with ingenuity and with determination to bring the ship in. Mr. Chairman and distinguished members, we thank you for your kind words, for your greatly appreciated awards, and your generous invitation to share these days with you. In addition, I should like to thank all of you for listening so patiently to my remarks. 21 MCA's College Chemistry Teacher Awards Recipients 1970 Mr. Robert L. Burham Dr. Robert E. Treybal Grand View College New York University Des Moines, Iowa New York. New York (Special Two-Year College Award) Dr. Howard Anthony Neidic Lebanon Valley College Annville. Pennsylvania Dr. Eugene George Rochow Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts 1969 Sixty-Five Outstanding Teachers Dr. Corwin H. Hansch Pomona College Claremont, California 1998 Dr. Anna Jane Harrison Mount Holyoke College South Hadley, Massachusetts Mr. Joseph B. Nordmann Los Angeles Valley College Van Nuya, California (Special Two-Year College Award) Dr. John Christian Bailar, Jr. University of tllinoli Urbina, Illinois 61801 Dr. Clark Evgeni Bricke* The University of Kansas Lawrence. Kansas 66044 Dr. Leo Schubert The American University Washington, D. C. 20016 1967 Dr. Carl Tabs Bahner Cuson-Ncwman College Jefferson City, Tenaettee 37760 Dr. Otto Theodor Benfey Dr. R. Thomas Sanderson Earlheni College Ariroru State University Richmond. Indiana 47374 Tempe, Arizona 85281 Dr. William T. Mooniy, Jr. El Cimlno College i Via Torrance, California 90506 (Special Two-Year College Award) 1966 Dr. W. Thomas Lipmncott The Ohio State University Columbus, Ohio 43210 Dr, Leonard K. Nash Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138 Dr. Richard W. Ramette Carleton College Northdeld. Minnesota 55037 1969 Dr. Ernect L. Eliel University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, Indiana 1964 Dr, Hubert N. Alyea Princeton, University Princeton, New Jersey Dr. Albin Iver Johnson McMaater University Hamilton, Ontario, Canada Dr. William F. Kuffer. College of Wooster Wooster, Ohio Dr. Sara Jane Rhoads University of Wyoming Laramie. Wyoming Dr. John H. Woltenden Dartmouth College Hanover, New Hampshire 1963 Dr, Ernest Berliner Bryn Mawr College Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania Dr. Joseph D. Danforth Grinntll College GrioneU, Iowa Dr, Frank. Hovorka Waitero Reserve University Cleveland. Ohio Dr. Laurence E. Strong Earlhtm College Richmond. Indiana Dr. Ernest Haywood Swift California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California Dr. Edwin Odde Wiig University of Rochester Rochester, New York 22 AP00037193 1962 DR. John Franklin Baxter, Jk. University of Florida Gainesville, Florida Dr. Carl M. Hill Tmimw Agricultural tad Industrial Sute University Nashville, Tennessee Dr. James A. Campbell Harvey Mudd College GtrfflOQ(. California Dr. Harold A. Iddles University of New Hampshire Durham, New Hampshire Dr. Reubin B. Sandin University of Albetta Edmonton, Alberta, Canada Dr. GERRIT Van Zyl 1961 Dr. Richard M, Baker Dr. Samuel P. Massie, Jr. California Institute of Technology Risk University Pasadena. California Nashville, Tennessee Dr. Elus L. Krause Marietta College Marietta, Ohio Dr. Lours A. Papfenkagen Mount Union College Alliance, Ohio Dr. John R. Sampey, Jr. Furmaa University Greenville. S. C, Dr. R. Nelson Smith Pamona College Claremont, California 1960 Dr. John De Vries Calvin College Grand Rapids, Michigan Dr. Reynolds C. Futon University of Illinois Urbane, Illinois Dr. Ben Harrison Peterson Coe College Cedar Rapids, Iowa Dr. Walter Hugo Stocemayer Massachusetts Institute of Technology Cambridge, Massachusetts Dr. Francis O. Rice Georgetown University Washington. D. C. Dr. Mosdie D. Taylor Howard University Washington, D. C 1959 Dr. James B. Culbertson Cornell College Mount Vernon, Iowa Dr. Louis Frederick Fieser Harvard University Cambridge, Massachusetts Dr. Roy Israel Crady The College of Wooster Wooster, Ohio Dr. Hans B. Tonassen Tulatse University New Orleans. Louisians Dr. Louue Kelley Goueher College Baltimore, Maryland Dr. Richard Edward Powell University of California Berkeley, California 1958 Dr, Paul W. Boutwell Beloit College Beloit, Wisconsin Dr. Elizabeth Dyer University of Delaware Newark, Delaware Dr. Carl Waldo Holl Manchester College N. Manchester, Indiana Dr. Sherwin Maker Utah State University Logan, Utah Dr. Jeuk Leroy Riebsomer University of New Mexico Albuquerque, New Mexico Dr. Arthur Eugene Wood Mississippi College Clinron, Mississippi 1957 Dr. Emil O. Ellincson St. Ola/ College North&eld, Mum. Dr. Ashley Robey Roanoke College Salem, Virginia Dr. Arthur F. Scott Reed College Portland, Oregon Dr. Garrett W. Thiessen Monmouth College Monmouth, Illinois Dr. John Turkevich Princeton. University Princeton, N. J. Dr. Leo K. Yanowski Fotdhttn University New York. New York noth; Institutions of recipients are those where they were teaching when awards were made. 23 AP00037194 Chairman of the Board F. Leonard Bryant President William i. Driver Officers 1969-70 Chairman of the Executive Committee Clifford D. Siverd Secretary-Trtasumr James R. Carnes Education Activities Committee (As of May 15, 1970) Manufacturing Chemists Association Herman S, Bloch, Chairman Univer**! Oil Produeii Company W. C. Fernelius, Vice Chairman Koppcrt Company, Inc. Michael A. d'Amelio Olio Corporation BROMWELL AULT Inmoot Corporation Burton C. Baker Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company Robert C. Busch Diamond Shamrock Corporation S- T. Clark Celanese Corporation Henry C. Chitwood Union Carbide Corporation F. L. CuTHBERT National Lead Company Allen R. Deschere Rohm and Haaa Company I. F. C. Dixon Canadian Industries Limited Gordon L. Foote The Procter It Gamble Company Walter S. Guthmann Ventron Corporation John H, Howard Eastman Kodak Company Cecil E, Johnson Monsanto Company Everett N. Luce The Dow Chemical Company Stanley D. MacAfee Merck k Co., Inc. Frank A. J. Moss Stauffer Chemical Company Lane F. McBurney Hercules Incorporated Gerald E. Ottoson AUied Chemical Corporation Joseph P. Palumbo Chemetron Corporation Charles E. Parker. Jr. Shell Companies Foundation Incorporated John W. Reynard E. I. du Pont de Nemours &. Company Harvey R. Russell American Cyanamid Company Robert W. Schiessler Mobil Oil Corporation Robert J. Wolf B. F. Ooodrich Chemical Company Harrison H. Young, Jr. FMC Corporation William E. Chace Director cl Education MCA Staff Elbert C. weaver Senior Education Adviser AP00037195 ...... S^'ife^^.^*^fc<.''SI-fcA?:Viijta < '\V`-`iA.i .-; ` -..V' -t*'- ' ' ^ ' -s>*v v>26 A * -; >- -','~:.y,-'7. v*, 'rfv /* .','tSrt -f^1t?- iS'--:*^. ^-V *"# ._* sf> ,*- ; s.4# I - '> '*fS\, rSS';W<. ;A < **! fr- *.: f'S-'^te . 'y*.' -4 -: ,:> t. v"- **-.. V - .**f..*i - !- -> j-r . r>'-- * '-. -.i-i ;& .*' V -' -*l ' T AP00037I96 ... < -rv/C<>i,Aa-v..isr^ *';<>' -,-`> .' -'- -w , ,-i yffN! psr?^r^t''-v:'*' ^ * 'Ki^'.t'^.j-- ? ' :(> ' |.'`:>t>y^>rc?,'*^4^; . -"ily^ i " -fU'jrS*- ''! V'M" \ ---- :> >,. -'Fh` . - , AP00037197 ATMOSPHERIC EMISSIONS FROM WET-PROCESS PHOSPHORIC ACID MANUFACTURE Cooperative Study Project Manufacturing Chemists' Association, Inc. and Public Health Service U. S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Public Health Service Environmental Health Service National Air Pollution Control Administration Raleigh, North Carolina April 1970 AP00037I98 PREFACE To provide reliable information on the nature and quantity of emissions to the atmosphere from chemical manufacturing, the Public Health Service, United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and the Manufacturing Chemists' Association. Inc. , entered into an agreement on October 29, 1962, to study emissions from selected chemical manufacturing processes and topubLish information that would be helpful to air pollution control and planning agencies and to chemical industry management. * Direction of these studies is vested in an MCA-PHS Steering Committee, presently constituted ar follows: Representing PHS Stanley T. Cuffe+ Robert L. Harris, Jr. Dario R. Monti Raymond Smith Representing MCA Willard F, Bixby + Louis W. Roanoy Clifton R. Walbridge Elmer P. Wheeler Information included in these reports describes the range of emis sions during normal operating conditions and the performance of established methods and devices employed to limit and control such emissions. Interpretation of emission values in terms of groundlevel concentrations and assessment of potential effects produced by the emissions are both outside the scope of this program, Reports in this series to date are Atmospheric Emissions from Sul furic Acid Manufacturing Process, Public Health Service Publication No. 999-AP-13, Atmospheric Emissions from Nitric Acid Manufac turing Processes, Public Health Service Publication No. 999-AP-27, and Atmospheric Emissions from Thermal-Process Phosphoric Acid Manufacture, Public Health Service Publication No. 999-AP-48, and Atmospheric Emissions from Hydrochloric Acid Manufacturing Pro cesses, National Air Pollution Control Administration Publication No. AP-54. ^Principal representative. . .. iii ATMOSPHERIC EMISSIONS FROM HYDROCHLORIC ACID MANUFACTURING PROCESSES 1 U. S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Public Health Service Consumer Protection and Environmental Health Service AP00037200 ATMOSPHERIC EMISSIONS FROM HYDROCHLORIC ACID MANUFACTURING PROCESSES Cooperative Study Project Manufacturing Chemists' Association, Inc. and Public Health Service U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH, EDUCATION, AND WELFARE Public Health Service Consumer Protection and Environ mental Health Service National Air Pollution Control Administration Durham, North Carolina September 1969 For sola by the Superintendent of DeeuimmU, t'-9- Government Printing Office W-.wlilujton, D.C. 30403 - I'rlee 34 cents AP00037201 1 ion Control Adminstadias, and infotrmation reported in i and of cooperative ie8, research instily be obtained upon crmaiion and Publi* epartment ofHaalth, Carolina 87606. nation No. AP-54 FIGURES 1. Yearly production of 100 percent hydrochloric acid .... 2 2. Typical by-product hydrochloric acid process (chlorobenzene) 10 3. Synthesis chlorine-hydrogen process ...................................... 14 4. Synthesis process hydrogen chloride burner .......................... 15 5. Cross-sectional view of Mannheim furnace............................. 17 6. Mannheim hydrochloric acid manufacturing process flow diagram............................................. ...................18 7. Cross-sectional view of Laury furnace ................................... 21 8. Hydrogen chloride distillation system for reagent-quality acids 23 9. Falling film absorber with external piping and tails tower . . 27 10. Falling film absorber with integral gas piping and tails tower , 28 11. Typical adiabatic hydrochloric acid absorption unit flow diagram .......................................................................... 29 A-l Impinger gas sampling train............................................................36 A-2 Grab sample bottle ..................................................................... 37 A-3 Burette for adding absorbing reagent.................. 38 A-4 Mist sampling train ..................................................................... 42 C-l Vapor pressure of hydrochloric acid at various concentrations 53 C-2 Specific gravity and density versus percent hydrogen chloride 53 C-3 Relationship of viscosities of hydrogen chloride and water . . 54 C-4 Heats of solution of hydrogen chloride in water .....................54 C-5 Vapor-liquid equiiibra for hydrochloric acid ........................... 55 C-6 Boiling point of hydrochloric acid solution...............................56 C-7 Freezing point of aqueous hydrogen chloride........................... 57 in AP00037202 J TABLES 1. Production of hydrochloric acid by process type....................... i 2. Hydrochloric acid production in United States.......................... 6 3. Emissions from by-product hydrochloric acid manufacturing plants ...................................................................12 4. Hydrogen chloride emissions from synthesis plants.................. 16 5. Emissions from Mannheim plants......................... 20 C-l Specific gravities of aqueous hydrochloric acid solutions . , . 52 iv AP00037203 PREFACE To provide reliable information on the nature and quantity of emissions to the atmosphere from chemical manufacturing, the Public Health Service, United States Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, and the Manufacturing Chemists' Association, Inc., entered into an agreement October 29, 1962, to 6tudy emissions from selected chemical manufacturing processes and to publish information that would be helpful to air pollution control and planning agencies and to chemical industry management.* Direction of thesQ studies is vested in an MCA-PHS Steering Committee, presently constituted as follows: Representing PHS Stanley T. Cuffef Robert L. Harris, Jr. Dario R. Monti Raymond Smith Representing MCA Willard F. Bixbyt Louis W. Roznoy Clifton R. Walbridge Elmer P. Wheeler Information included in these reports describes the range of emissions during normal operating conditions and the performance of established methods and devices employed to limit and control such emissions. Interpretation of emission values in' terms of ground-level concentrations and assessment of potential effects produced by the emissions are both outside the scope of this program. Reports in this series to date are Attnospheric Emissions from Sulfuric Acid Manufacturing Processes, Public Health Service Publication No. 999-hPAl'Atmospheric Emissions fiom Nitric Acid Manufacturing Processes, Public Health Service Publication No. 999-AP-27; and Atmospheric Emissions from Thermal-Process Phosphoric Acid Manufacture, National Air Pollution Control Administration Publication No. 48. These publications are available from the Manufacturing Chemists' Association, Washington, D.C., and the Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. f Principal representatives. v ANNUAL e/ience 'A N D S.'W? -I3 ROUP - Manufacturing Chemists / - ; Association Septewfae/t 8-11. 197 . ,SEAVI EW ;C^Ui^RY^CfeU.B,... ' ABSECON, N'EW JERSEY.^ *' AP00037205 MANUFACTURING CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION Plastics Group Air Reduction Co., Inc. W. R. Grace Co. Allied Chemical Corporation Gulf Oil Canada Limited American Cyanamid Company Gulf Oil Company -- U. S. Amoco Chemicals Corporation Hercules Incorporated Ashland Chemical Company Hooker Chemical Corporation Atlas Chemical Industries, Inc. M&T Chemicals Inc. Borden, Inc./Chemical Division Canadian Industries Limited CelBnese Plastics Company Chemplex Company CIBA Products Company Cities Service Company Coritco Plastics Inc. Ccsden Oil & Chemical Company Dart Industries Inc. Diamond Shamrock Corporation Dow Chemical Company Marbon Division Borg-Warner Corporation Mobay Chemical Company Mobil Chemical Company Monsanto Company Olin Corporation The Pantasote Company Pennwalt Corporation Phillips Petroleum Company Reichhold Chemicals, Inc. Rohm and Haas Company E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. Shell Chemical Company Du Pont of Canada Limited Eastman Chemical Products, Inc. njey Chemical Company Escambia Chemical Corporation Ethyl Corporation Firestone Plastics Company General Electric Company General Tire & Rubber Company B. F, Goodrich Chemical Company Sinclair-Koppen Company Stauffer Chemical Company Sun Oil Company Tenneco Chemicals, Inc. Union Carbide Corporation Unirayal, Inc. U. S. Industrial Chemicals Co. USS Chemicals Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Witco Chemical Corporation RESERVATION LIST Adams, A. Ross Escambia Division Air Products & Chemicals, Inc. Albright, W. Wayne Chemplex Company Allick, Harold D. Goodyear Tire & Rubber Company Atrton, W. F. Borden Inc/Chemical Division Andrews, A. i. Pennwalt Corporation Andrews, Eugene D. Sinclair-Koppars Company ArdlS, Alan E. Olin Corporation Ascot, Alexis Du Pont of Canada Limited Ash, George W. Shell Chemical Company Austin, Laurence H. Allied Chemical Corporation Avery, Henry USS Chemicals Division of (J. S. Steel Corporation Bastian, Edward W. Ashland Chemical Company Baxter, Raymond C. Allied Chemical Corporation Beffit, T. C. Cities Service Company Best, George E. Manufacturing Chemists Association Biggs, Arthur E. Mobile Chemical Company Bolmer, M. T. Union Carbide Corporation Brannon, J, L Union Carbide Corporation Brems, D. R. Dow Chemical Company Branegan; Stan F. Gulf Oil Canada Limited Brightbill, Edgar N. E. I, du Pont de Nemours & Co, Caine, Martin G. Tenneco Chemicals. Inc. Carey, T, L. Escambia Division Air Products Chemicals. Inc. Carlson, Henry C. Slnclalr-Koppits Company Carr, Richard S. American Cyanamid Company Cook, Russell Reichhold Chemicals, Inc. Connors, Harry E. Diamond Shamrock Chemical Company Comely, J. M. Firestone Plastics Company Cosslett, Kenneth E. U.S. Industrial Chemicals Co. Div. of National Distillers and Chemical Corporation Crawford, Jack E. Mobile Chemical Company Cummings, John R. Reichhold Chemicals, Inc. Daily, Robert T. Ceianese Plastics Company Daly, William L. RUCO Division Hooker Chemical Corporation Davis, Wallace Reichhold Chemicals, Inc. Denoon, C- E. Jr. Rohm and Haas Company DiSanza, R. A. Diamond Shamrock Chemical Company Donalds, John E. Tht Dow Chemical Company Downey, Joseph L. The Dow Chemical Company Ducatman, Fred P. Dart Industries Inc. Dwyer, Frank X. Tenneco Chemicals, Inc. Eagle, J. R. Enjay Chemical Company Ebers, Early S. Uniroyal, Inc. AP00037206 1 >* MANUFACTURING CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION 1825 CONNECTICUT AVENUE, N. W. WASHINGTON. 0. C 20009 (202) 483-6126 owj-- 11-1'm THE 20th SEMIANNUAL MEETING... NUMBER 994 ...attracted nearly 1000 regis trants representing 143 member com panies. Held on November 24th at the New York Hilton, the one-day event--which featured four panel sessions, two receptions, a lunch eon and a banquet--began with reg istration at 8:00 a.m. and ended some 13 hours later. DECEMBER 22, 1970 CONTENTS - BACK OF THIS PAGE A milestone was the first appear ance of a woman as the luncheon speak er, She is The Honorable Virginia H. Knauer, President Nixon's Special As sistant for Consumer Affairs. A "belle" at the pre-luncheon reception, she chatted animatedly with everyone, in cluding MCA President William J. Driver and MCA Board Chairman, Clifford D. Siverd, who is also President and Chief Executive Officer of American Cyanamid Company. Linda McNabb (left), secretary to MCA's Assistant Secretary-Treas urer, Bruce Barackman, headed up the busy registration desk staff. The major Semiannual Meeting address--at the banquet--was deliver ed by Senator Birch Bayh (D.-Ind.) , Chairman of the Constitutional Amend ments Subcommittee of the Senate Ju diciary Committee. Earlier, the Sen ator held a news conference which was covered by more than a dozen report ers for the public and trade press and by CBS Network Television. DRIVER KNAUER SIVERD AP00037207 1 * I Page 1 Page 2 Page 3 Page 4 Page 5 Page 6 Page 7 ******** * CONTENTS * ******** The Semiannual Meeting The Semiannual Meeting Ethylene Oxide Tank Car Study Completed Congress Approves Job Safety Bill Revised Tank Car Mileage Allowances Effective January 1 Stringent Air Quality Bill Appears Certain Odorization Regulations Eased DOT Restricts Tank Car Capacity & Weight Committee Name Changed Efforts To Reach Consumers Increased New Look In Educational Activities Barge Safety Courses To Begin Calendar AP00037208 JA/BG H994 page 1 1 Participants in Panel I, "Econom ic Outlook for The Chemical Indus- try," included (left to right): The Honorable Murray l. Weidenbaum, Assistant Secretary for Economic Policy, U. S. Treasury Department; Dr. Earl T. McBee (Moderator), Chairman of the Board, Chief Execu tive Officer and President, Great Lakes Chemical Corporation; Nathaniel Goldfinger, Director, Department of Research, AFL-CIO; George Champion, retired Chairman of the Board, Chase Manhattan Bank, N.A.; and Carl A. Gerstacker (inset). Chairman of the Board, The Dow Chemical Company. Panel II, "The Chemical Industry's Role in A Clean Environment," of fered papers by (left to right): Herbert D. Doan, President, The Dow Chemical Company; Carroll F. Wilson, Professor of Management, Massachusetts Institute of Tech nology; Clifton C. Garvin (Mod erator), Executive Vice Presi dent, Standard Oil Company (New Jersey); and Dr. John T. Middleton, Commissioner, Na tional Air Pollution Control Administrati on. "Productivity -- Denominator of Growth" was the topic of panel III. Participants (left to right) included: Harry B. Warner (Mod erator), President, The B. F. Goodrich Company; Dr. John w. Kendrick, Professor of Economics, George Washington University; David C. Williams, MCA Government Relations staff member, who read a paper by The Honorable Geoffrey H. Moore, Commissioner, Bureau of Labor Statistics, U. S. Department of Labor (Mr. Moore arrived at the meeting but was called away on ur gent business before being able to speak); and Dr. Charles B. Reeder, Chief Economist, E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Company. AP00037209