Document 7RNLRQLbM3JpJ6kODpQm8YoDB

CHICAGO PAINT RESEARCH DEPARTMENT INDEX OF EXPOSURES SERIES (PIGMENTED) Exposure No Title Also Refer To 13651-71 Representative Finishes at Five Exposure Locations Projects 97 and 103 12688H-12711H Special Agents in Mildew Resistant Treat ed White and Undercoater " 77 10597-10617F,C Special Agents in SWP Mildew Resistant Treated White and Undercoater (Addendum to Report of January 12, 1950) " 77 12305-29F, C Styrenated Oils in SWP Gloss White " 97 12059-65, 12285C Rot Tests of Wood Using Special Preserva tive Agents (Final Report) n 77 15835-72 C,F Titanium Pigment Corporation Cooperative Series (1951) " 97 160J46-16115 C,P du Pont-Sherwin Williams Cooperative Series of 1951 " 97 15934-58 C,F St. Joseph Lead Company Cooperative Series " 97 15392-15U03 F,C Iso FhthaHc Acid in Alkyd Formulations 105 and 178 0007-SWP-045821 0007-SWP-000115194 CHICAGO PAIUT RESEARCH DEPARTMENT INDEX OF EXPOSURES SERIES (PIGMENTED) Bgposure No. Title Also Refer To 136^-71 Representative Finishes at Five Exposure Locations Projects 97 and 103 12688H-127UH Special Agents in Mildew Resistant Treat ed White and Undercoater _ " 77 10597-10617P,C Special Agents in SW? Mildew Resistant Treated White and Undercoater (Addendum to Report of January 12, 1950) " 77 12305-29F, C Styrenated Oils in SWP Gloss 'White " 97 12059-65, 12285C Rot Tests of Wood Using Special Preserva tive Agents (Final Report) " 77 15835-72 C,F Titanium Pigment Corporation Cooperative Series (1951) " 97 l60U6-l6ll5 C,F du. Pont-Sherwin Williams Cooperative Series of 1951 n 97 1593U-58 C,F St. Joseph Lead Company Cooperative Series " 97 15392-15U03 P,C Iso Fhthalic Acid in Alkyd FonnulatLans 105 and178 i 0007-SWP-045822 0007-SWP-000115195 J.W. Chapin ) January 5, i960 Progress Kopopt on Exposures, 15654-71 Representative Finishes, at Five Exposure Locations Introduction fl >o3 In September, -1948, wa rooeived a letter forwarded by Mr. A. B, Holton with a note expressing some interest in exposures at Wibfceriburg, Arizona, Among the claims made by Mr. C, R, Ooryl of Vfickeriburg in soliciting exposure test business werer 293 days of sunshine yearly'as against 97 for Miami; brilliant;sunshine for about '90% of, the daylight hours} no smoke. fog or dustj and low haimidity, We informed: Mr. Caryl at the start that we are concerned with nuoh more than hi$i ultraviolet concentration in testing our finishes, such as dampness, frost, dew, extrema temperature fluctuations, eto.,.plus the practical nutter of testing close to areas of large paint consumption.> We' dooidod to give tiickeriburg, Arizona a trial, using a wide, variety.of formulations and making parallel exposures .at our usual . 10CatlP9s.;|v. Chicago,; Miami and 0offoyvillb c Ihe inain thought was that' ' we.^^ts'fAi^iVtliet Wiekeiiburg exposure was particularly informative for.-1 somk-:cpeo;ifio..iypo of finish.,.: A secondary purpose was to get a display shafl^a rAHuly finishes lasted' under different climatic conditions. .--Paints rlkstScP 1* Cn.oodar- bevel siding panels, for vertical exposure,, including north at Chioago,' Rox 471a'H^/Glo33:.^ito,.0rd.,N^ 2 coots colf.Tprinkd and ' ever- Box -450, Hhderboater. r <* % . ` Rex 4^6. SWP Fume. Resistant TRiite,- both 2 ooats self-primed and over Rex 450 TJnderooater. CH-4697 One Coat House Paint White,, over Rex 450 , Underooater, RoX 45000 Eem Bulletin White,- 2 ooats self-primed, Rox'^OO..rthmily Pe ini -(old -iithopono - type), 2 o oats celf-p*;iiiia|d>- Fox.,17iiohd-ir.-Cil, 5 boats as por label. - t . V# u '.i V ' 0007-SWP-045823 ' 'hfo 0007-SWP-000115196 -2- 2. Cn steel panels, cpld-rolled, 6 x 12" flat, for 45 south exposure. Rex 16174, C2747 Kromik primer - Rex 27399, C3097 Metalastic Gray. E61 E 02 Wash primer - E43 R Cl Intermediate F44 A 08 Carclad Vinyl Gray, 2 coats. F65 W1 Kem Lus.tral White, both as one coat and with E61 A1 primer, 1 F66 G27 Kem Lus'tral Green, both ns one coat and with E61 A1 primer. E67 R C3 Primer - F2 M3 Ruby Maroon Kem Transport Enamel, E67 R C3 Primer - FI A99 Ford Biroh Gray Kem Transport Enamel. Automotive Lacquer, Opex Light Gray System, Fl Al, 28539 and LI A99 (F) Automotive Laoquer, Opex Opalescent Maroon, PI HI, 28542 and L2 M3. 3* On maple panels 8 x 12 x 3/8", for 45 south exposure, Rex 04, C11&9 Rexpar Varnish, phenolic, 3 spray coats. Y78T4,.C129<i Smn Finishing Clear, alkyd, 3 spray coats. Preparation and ^Exposure Panels of group 1 (house paints) were prepared by the writer in the usual manner*. All panels were painted with 2 ooata of gray paint on the backs.- In this group there are 6 locations, beoouse at Chicago they were exposed both north and south.- These ore "half-andhalf11 panels, .each panel carrying 2 systems, one on the left, the other on the right half. 0007-SWP-045824 0007-SWP-000115197 -3- Special oars was jfcaken with all panels, to see that they had the sane drying tine betweep coats and the same elapsed tine between painting and exposure# The! entire series was exposed on the Sane day at all locations, June 6, 1949, and removed on Deoember 6, for a total of exactly 6 months* Panels of groups and 3 were prepared by others in the Chicago plant, who were asked to specify what they considered the most suitable systems to use for a test program of this type__pnd to follow their best procedure for preparing panels* The cooperating parties were: 6* G. Schurjr, Paint Research (Jletalastio and Vinyl) A* B, Scotty Varnish-Resin Laboratory (Clear Finishes) A* Brolin, Chicago Technical Service (Kem Lustral) C. H Williams, Laoquer Laboratory (Kem Transport) C. D* (toons, Lacquer laboratory (Opex .Automotive) Summary, of Results With the exception of a few general explanatory and supple mentary etateoents*, the bar graphs which follow suffice to tell the story of the results up to '6 months. We also present a summary of the weather conditions at each location. The Fiokeriburg panels',, in. general* seemed to be outstanding in only one respeot low dirt collection* In several oases, Coffeyville panels were equally clean* The outstandingly dirty location was Miami, where mildew was obviously a major faotor. It was rather surprising to note that the high ultraviolet concentration at Wiokeriburg did not >#n above^avefage loss of gloss, or ohalking'* Both Florida and imth'shcwed^j^ehita&iy greater Cl-milk rub-off than Wiokenburg on tile systems most^susceptible to ohalking, Mr; Williams and Mr* Molntyrefeltthatthe Arisona location offehed no advantage over Floridai They CUst.cmarlly judge their automotive farailations onthe basisof 6.months Florida exposure (in.many oases only 5 months); the most important characteristic being the recovery of gloss and color after polishing* Florida and Wiokenhurg showed abait equal oolor change (darkening); but the Wiokenburg panels seemed to oarry a film whioh, although it did not.ofcuse difficulty in polishing^ may have protected the finish frtm deterioration to a certain extent; 0007-SWP-045825 0Q07-SWP-000115198 *4* The clear finish panels require some oannent on points not adaptable to graphing., 5avid Lesser, of Furniture Technical Service, who has been working on discoloration of woods and clear finishes, evaluated the panels by stripping a snail portion over both the exposed and protected areas# In the case of Chicago, there was no protected area, thus the; evaluation was more or less subjective. The Florida f ilins could ^.ot be judged for darkening because of the mildew growth. It seems significant that the differanoep between the two finishes are more obvious than the differences between locations* Further, Mf, Lesser made the comment that the allcyd V78 V4 showed the same results on theso outdoor exposures as wcgjd be expected from his work with films under a carbon arc light, whereas the Rex 04 phenolic shored quite the reverse. He suggested, that not even the Arizona exposure was severe enough, at fe mouths, to alios a conclusive evaluation. The Rex 04 sample at Wickehburg showed considerable miorosoopio checking, or oraziu^, tihe only film failure of the entire series, while the V78 V4 showed hone. 0007-SWP-045826 0007-SWP-000115199 Z8SfrO-dMS-iOOO 0G07-SWP-000115200 szasto-aMS-iooo 0007-SWP-000115201 0007-SWP-000115202 0BSfrO-aMS-Z.OOO 6 fH 0 -> co idi r-A f;3t- r^* 4**?-pt* s*4 zO o {! X4> x+. lig z& s30=H9*( X<iotdo-L>tt JOocfurSlS*> II iI lI SM.fcg-J ra 3s II P-. r/J o>c c- X1 as 0007-SWP-000115203 0007-SWP-000115204 Miami, F la . Chioaco, South Chicago, North Vf -- W icltonburg, A r lt . K -- C o f^ o y v ille , Kaa. V artio& l 6 Months 0007-SWP-000115205 Darkening equal t o th a t o f u n fin is h e d wood -5- June, 1949 Chicago Miami Wiokenburg Coffeyville Jaly* 1949 Chicago Miami Wiokahburg CoffeyviHe Aa<yat, 1949 ',\'*J** Sjfcj^V Woeither Data Temp*. Degrees F, Precip*. Inches High-C tow Ave, ,'Mpm* fntal lionnal 96 50 74,0 68 3,65 3,48 92 69 6.0*3 80 10,37 7.17 108-57 range. no further record 96 "58 78 76*2 6,6 5,68 102 78 778 72,7 90 71 81 81*8 112 62 33* -i 99 64 81*4 8iii 3.59 S-.08 1*84 7*22 3.43 5;60 i-,03 3,78 "95 50 74.7 71*6 93 73 82- 82*1 112 53 41* loo 52 77*9 80*9 S 1.31 ti67 0iB7 1,46 3.02 5*88 -1,00 3.40 % of Possible Sunshine i.949 Boraal 70 69 63 mm 61 -- 61 74 71 5*r 82 83 69 69 TO 76 96 83 78 r? 85 88 60*4 64*9 95 70; r 80*9 108 . 60. 25* i* "95 .37 68*9 72*9 l.|4 i7 OSlO S't59 CojcoyelllG y* 67 S0"` :itiZ 52*5 ' |*|3. 68 68. ,79*' 78*0 ms 98 39 v?8* mi o .*8q 66 27 oo;5 61*1 4(5' Sovanitier 1949 Chioeigo M&SJKWiblnalhttrg Cofreyviil 71 90 84 . 16 4Q.1 37,7 Mo Fonsr'd > 42 <32# 21- 02*6 48*1 '-. '.f ta ' 0. *t89 0*30 X' 3*20 8|65 0*89 4*40 2*56 7*74 0W 3*82 2*5l 0*67 234 65 78 65 65 65 77 82 71 44 87 93 65 *" 88 60 88 ~ 46 63 `v y-v ;:- *'Tfete item (Wlbkehburg only) is hot the .average /` tegperatuhe * "but average difference between High and low temperature* 0007-SWP-045833 0007-SWP-000115206 Formulae Rex 471 OJ 37M SHP Gloss White Pounds Gallops 275 75 150 200 200 29 1/2 19 5/8 1 3/4 4. 19 3/4 A, m. - 14.35 Viso. - 22.6" on Material 20 L 2132 1403 412 414W (*) (310) (543) (4230) (141) (548) Rex 300 OJ S2N Family. Paint--Outside White Pounds Gallons Material 1 260 "5 " 285 105 100 60 647 201, : ' . ^ 2140 : 412 511 ` Rex 436 RB 2603 "a " SUP Rune Resisting Tthite Pounds Gallons Material 160 1403 100 2030 290 2295 288 20 19 28 1/2 (310) (2) 1 1/2 3 2 18 1/4 4 1 1/4 (543) (5096) (2231) (348) (141) (2236) T. Wt. - 13.28 A* Wt. - 313.24 Viso. - 25" on #3 Rex 450 OJiSlI SWP -ttatterooBter Pounds .Gallons 250"; 280 120 142 3 28 16 4 1 1/2 I.I/2 26 -A* trt.; - 13.63 . Vise /12* on #3 Material . 1552 `20L 511 18 2174 547 (2) (310) (141) (4230) (543) (348) 0007-SWP-045834 00G7-SWP -7- Rex 17 Soft Pasts Lead-in-011 Pleat jgefrt Second Coat Third Coat Wilts Lead lOOjjt or IrSi/lB or. Pure Saw Linseed 4 gal. or S' pc* Pure turpentine 1-5/4 gal . .j o /3-1/2 or. Drier (185) 1 pint or t/A. or. sane l-l/2 gal. or 3 or, 1-1/4 gal. or 2-1/2 Ol 0 50289 5&B9 3 gol*or 6 oe* same Makes up g gallons 6 gallons 6-1/4 gat. CB 4867 OJ 27$ L floe. Shat Bouse Paint White m l25Sj3i f' i Gallons Material S80 ): 224 N 412 1403 76 2307 118 2188 160 18 i/fe 29 20 4 1/4 4 M/4 V4; V4 4 7 1/4 (12)^ is) '(798) <4106) : () ; (48150) (Ml) (s) A. Ht, - 16.30 0007-SWP-045835 0007-SWP-000115208 Ml A1 Enamel Undero oat or 7 ................................ -- ----- pounds Gallons Material 130' 135 5 1 T 2174 oif 1004 1969 1626 BB1211 BY1240 1 (5026) 32 (3136) 2 (4230) 1 (4231) 2 (4232) 17 (4046) 22 (4104) 16 (4026) Grind 5H P65 G27 Ken lustral Green Pounds Gallons Material 76 6005 4 2270 '? BY1240 83 <33iO) 36 83 3 * *4 ..2 1 15 (5140) .(6100) (4250) .(4252) Grind 7H P65 W1 Eem Lustral IWiito ;Pounds Gallons Material 300 2229 3 1826 1 BL1246 ? BM1239 25 (4101) 46 1/2 1/J 5 1 1/8 1 15 (4101) (5026) (4103) (4231) (4232) (348) Grind 7H 801 E C2 Super A & A Basio Zino Chranato primer Pounds Gallons Material 94 Off 2531 86 CW 2616 14 1509 39 (2659) 41 (1891) 10 (4051) Wii/gca.- ,7*70 Visoasity 35" 75 deg-, on iP4.Tord Cup Roduoed 0007-SWP-045836 0007-SWP-000115209 Caro lad Intermediate Coat - B43 R Cl Sniper A & A Enamel Gray - F44 A C8 Pounds Gallons Material Pounds Gallons Materiel 200 201 25 ~ 214* 2 1/4 (1621) 2 (3038) 60 CW 2678** 27 "W---------- (3038) CW 2676 22 (4046) 17 (241) 3 (4021) 9 (3038) 4 (4030) 3/4 (1621) 1/2 (4098) * Mill 12 hours **Add as oold out. Mill 8 hrs. more or till 6H Wfc./gal. - 9.53 Visooeity 30" 76 deg. on #4 Ford Cup 90 CB 7168 1 CB 7164, CB7153, CB 7159 135 CW 1817 20 (4046) 20 (241.) 45 ~~~ 3 (3038) (1621) 1/2 (CW 2458) Wt./gal - 8,10 Visoosity 30" 75 deg. on $4 Ford Cup Reduced Ercmik Priner - 16174 Pounds Gallons Material 170 210 -126 170 170 2 * 12054 201 1707 2272 20 i 547 4 (2) 26 (2326) 28 (348) -*'rT------ :-- Ifogfrfe----- 3 (4230) 1/2 (423.1) 1/2 (4232) 10 (3.48) Wt i/ gal. - T. 13.82 Viso osity 20-30" on.:#5 Metalastio Light Gray - 27399 Pounds Gallons Material 14 488 3 547 210 20 .L 9 1128 131 2174 157 412 16 (2) 1 (12)W 8 (48) 8 17 11 5 1/2 1/2 22 (2) (46.) (49J5Q)G (423tf) (4231) (4232) (348) Wt./Gal. - T. 11.28 Viscosity 30-40" on #3 0007-SWP-045837 -10- F2 M3 Kem Transport Ruby. Maroon. Pounds 207 22 2 468 3 10 12 3 9 3' 42 Gallons Material LJ BM 1227; FL 201 ' BA 1200 .1. V 15625 , (7060) (2235) (2214) (2205) (2225) (2258) (63) A, Wfc. - 7.47 Opox LI A99(E), Maroon Pounds Gallons Material 765 BW 669 60 BB 689 5 CB (2400) T B 9672 Baaio vahiolo 453 lbs. nitrooellulose solids 410 lbs. (3107) solids 137 lbs. (1620) 1566" its: Rg 04, 01159, Rexpar. Varnish Pounda Gallons Material 690 36 10-l/Z 10 T4T-" 92 5 1 1/2 1 1/2 (29B5)A (1257) (4232) (5026) E Vi*a. 0007--SWP-045838 0007-SWP-000115211 -11 I frl A99. C1019 Kam Transport. Biroh Gray Founds 167 7 Gallons Material BW 1238* BB 1203.' (BL 1246, BY lj240?) 498 (3149) 24 (2237) 24 (2215) 6 (2205) 10 (2225) 18 (5026) 1 (1767) 86 (348) 21 (1257) A* W*fc# 8.38 Opgx 32451(A) Gray Pounds 126 27 16 12J 200 119 23 106 70 Gallons Material CB 2089 2292 (1620) (3107) (241) (1670) (2624) (2611) GB (2105) Basio Vshiole 453 lbs. nitrocellulose solids 410 (3109) solids 137 (1620) ldoa lbs. JTOslS V78 ~V4j C 128 Ken Finishing Clear Founds Gallons Material 72 16 3/4 8 1 2 1 1/S 100-. (4100) (348) (2049) (5026) (4230) (4232) Viso. C-D John 7f, Chapin 0007-SWP-045839 0007-SWP-000115212 FEB 15 >350 ff* Chapin January 12, I960 Final Report on Exposures 125982-127115 Spooled Agents in Mildew Resistant Treated White and tTnderooater Purpose and Plan of Tests 77 The purpose of this series of tests is to supplement the series nunibered 10S97-10617F, C This former series was prepared and exposed in May, 1946 at Chicago apd Florida, on cedar hovel siding panels. The paints represented lyildew resistant treated, house paints prepared by Mr* Jagd. Examination at about one-year showed unsatisfactory results, beoause of the fact that neither location- gave appreciable mildew. However, the tests were continued on exposure to 56 months at both locations^' iTa- the meantime, having had very good results with mildew tests at Havana, Cuba, a new series of test panels wore prepared for Havana. The.'.same paints;were used as in the 10697 series, and had boon in storage-.ar-'bout 1-1^2 years. The paints were applied on 6 x 24" oedar pahels, exposed vortical south at Havana, the exposure time now being lT^iab&ths. The is to present a carapleto coverage of oovers a wide range of fungiaides been rsoanmended widely and havo received `dbin^^wifnblCMS^^iitiwaOs^axide -oah''be used only Is deep colors, A-i^^':;ot^jpp|w^^^^:i-cngjpuads we',pn;'^best in Barn Red tend, efths^deep. doi^ajr'^J^l: wiese 'Also .dreViunsuiiable for whites. .. ^pLv-: is the boa^pt rpgccfc We -aro attaching a .r.mtiogy^i^^pbrt^ai'taie,.3.0697 ^binh is some- phat-noro detpil^^m^i^g(j^s^fl|^'.>jiid:1fco'.the fabt;\ttaidb:iit was aotually 1 wri^8n\tf.ore^p^|^tBMStoMBW^^^ol^a^a'LiiBattMliiad. Rater ie3.fi -Tested* V ' ' ^^;tyi^Lng<Jtho ponploto desoriptlon of eadh^pai^rpn^^^ratdij^^^ ^MdUnga, thisiej'presonted below, with fejmAg',given InV&ho -tabulation, 0 onB idarable Vaidh'fcii5iE^rtid^|` jrthis is. teoturers* ,^,,r?^i&iad TaS&ltiECs Cldss'iwhiMI.. u,,jLw0-'Wa?:u sod in i`%ex 47rOTP M.R.T. 0007-SWP-045840 0007-SWP-000115213 -2- Fyridyl Mercuric Stearate -- 0.04$ and 0.02$ Hg on paint solids. (0,02$ only in primer) DDT - 2$ on vehicle weight, also at 2$ on vehicle solids only. Dowioide 6, 2052 dry (tetraohlorphenol) -- 3$ on paint weight, (regular agent) Chlorinated Bis-phenol -- 3$ on paint weight. Dimethyl phth&lete -- 1$ on vehicle solids# Milhan (zinc dimethyl-dithio^carbonate) -0.5$ on vehicle solids. Niaooide 321 (10$ ereeyl merouric naphthenate) -- 0.02$ and 0.04$ Hg on paint solids. (0.02$ only in primer) Benzene Hexachloride -- 2$ on vehicle solids. Sodium Copper Polyphosphate -- 7.7$ CuO on vehiole solids. (Deed with a primer oarrying 2052 dry) 8-Methyl Naphthoquinone -- 2$ on vehiole solids.(also tested in primer only) Phenyl Mercuric Naphthenate -- 004$ Hg on total solids in finish coat, 0,02$ in primer. (Sandies from both Berk and Edwal) Permaoide OS-10 -- 3$ on paint weight. Zino Fluobo*.ate -- 0.06$, <3$ and 2$ on vehicle solids. (Primer in suh case is 1$) Mart ZT -- l/l6 and l/8 parts by volume of paint. (Net tested in 10597 series; paints are new, not aged, in Havana series) Summary of Hesuits Only a few of these materials show good or even fairly satis factory resistance to mildew growth at 17 months at Havana, where the ten dency teward mildew formation seems to be very great. There seems to be a difference in some cases between the front and book (presumably north, and open to the weather), but in no oase is one side relatively clean and the other badly mildewed*.*.There is no failure, nor even ary ohalking, and soma of the panels still hold a noticeable gloss. It is thought that the--breakdown of gloss is due at least in part to the action of the mildew on the surface. 0007-SWP-045841 0007-SWP-000115214 -3- Tetraohlorphenol, the 2052 dry regularly used, is definitely best in mildew resistance and general appearance. The only material approaching it is chlorinated bis-phenol, which shows slightly more fbngus growth, especially on tho;baok of the panel. 2052 dry definitely lowers tho durability cf the paints in which it is used. Sodium copper polyphosphate seems to b9 very effective in reducing mildew growth, but looks bad due to the greenish cast imparted in the film. Phenyl mercury naphthonate, especially Edwal's, and Fermacide OS-IO show somewhat less mildew than the rest of the agents, but ore hardly in a class with 2052 dry. It will be noted that several of the agents, in oases where more than one concentration is us?d, actually show more mildew at the higher concentration. Because of having the three locations, and because of the fact that the Havana results give no indication of film failure which is likely to occur in othor climates, we are presenting a condensed tabulation of results. (Further data may be faind in the complete examination results on another page.) The Havana results should probably be considered as conclusive as far as mildew growth is concerned, but any conflicting evidenoe from the other locations will be presented in the tabulation. Tho Chioago sued Florida tests havo an untreated guide or oontrol section on eaoh panels. Faint Ho* and Test Material FMS17-621 (guide) Kb Agent* Havana(17 Mo*) Very bad mildew FN618-622* Berk's phenyl Hg naphth. FN619-62S, Same but Edwal's FN620-624* Permaoide <8-10 0J534-6S1J. Zn fluobcrate, 0*55? 534*532J* Ditto, but 1$S 534*533J* Ditto, but 25? 246-235J* Pyridyl merourio stearate, 0.045? Bad mildew Slightly, better on front side Fair, slightly better than preoeding. Very bad mildew Very bad mildew Extremely bad mildew Very bad mildew Florida(36 Mo.) Chioago(36 Mo*) Varies considerably in mildew.* Slight to moderate film failure Good oondition Varies slightly Slight craoking> Good oondition Similar, slightly dirtier Good film, but serious mildew Good oondition Good oondition Good film, but bad mildew Good film, but even worse mildew Good film* but even worse mildew Moderate microfailure. Very little mildew Good condition Good oondition Good condition Good oondition 0007-SWP-045842 0007-SWP-000115215 -4. Paint No. and Test Mntorial Havana(17 Mo.) 246- 236J. Ditto, Very bad mildew but 0,02% 247- 237J. D.D.T. 2$ on vehicle weight 247- 238J. D.D.T. 2% on vehicle solids 248- 239J. Chlor inated bis-phonol 249- 240J. Na Cu polyphosphate 250- 241J. Di methyl phthalate 249-242J. 2062 dry 355-243J. Nuooide 321, 0.02% 355-244J. Ditto, 0.04% 253-264J. Bensene hoxachloride 498-491J. Methyl naphthoquinone 252-245J. Milban Bad mildew, verjr bad on fcaok Extremely bad on front Considerable mil dew. One of the best. Mildew not serious but bad greenish oolor Very bad mildew Least mildew, especially olean on back Bad mildew, very bad on back Very similar, slightly better Extremely bad, but suoh better on book Extremely bad mildew Very bad mildew 759- 747L.. Mart Z-T. 1/16 parts 760- 746L. Mart Z-T. 1/8 parts Very bad mildew Very bad mildew Florida(36 Mo.) Chloago(36 Mo) Slightly more fail ure, also more mildew Good film, but serious mildew Good condition Slight cracking Good film, but serious mildew Slight cracking Slight checking, very little mildew Very slight oraoking, clean Bad oolor, bad mildew Color not quite as bad as Florida Slight checking, very little mildew Bad micro oheok end craok, mildew as guide Slight oraoking, flight mildew Slight oheoking, moderate mildew Good condition Good condition Bad check and crack Serious failure, also dirty Somewhat better, but poor. Good oondition Slight mioro-fall Serious failure, ure, slight mildew poor oolor, dirty Considerable miorw* Good oondition failure, considerable mildew lTo test No tost No test No test * TThen failure is mentioned below, Chicago and Florida, it is rated in relation to the individual guide (untreated). 0007-SWP-045843 0007-SWP-000115216 -5- Copposition and Data Panel Paint No, Description Nos .* l2ff88H' Pyridyl Hg stearate, 0J246J 0.04JI 235J 89 Same, 0.02^ 0J246J 236J 90 D.D.T, on vehicle 0J247J weight 237J 91 2% D.D.T. on vehicle OJ247J we ight 238J 92 2052 dry OJ249J 242J 93 Chlorinated bis- OJ 248J phenol 239J 94 Dimethyl phthalnto 0J250J 241J 95 Mi lb an 0J252J 245J S6 Uiocide 321, 0.0252 0J355J 243J 97 Same, 0.045? OJ355J 244J 98 Benzene Etexo- OJ253J ohloride 254J 99 Na Cu polyphosphate 0J249J 240J 12700 Methyl naphthoquinone 0J489J (in primer only) 01 In both ooats 0J498J 491J 02 Berk's phenyl Hg PN618 naphth* 622 03 Same, but Edwal'a 619 623 04 Peramoide 0S-10 620 624 05 'Zn flucfcoeate, 0,5J5 0J534J 531J 06 ditto, 0J534J 532J 07 ditto, 2?? 0J534J 533J 08 No agent PN617 621 09 No agent OJ758L 74BL 10 Mart ZT, 1/16 parts OJ769L 747L 11 ditto, l/8 parte 0J760L 746L Gloss (Eg) ft Chalk A It Mildew Gan, Front Back _jE* VB VB VP ft ft ft ft F G (G) P ft (Eg) u p (Eg) P ft ft B ft P n WB (B) wp it -- (o) S (G) ft c C F ft VE VB VP It ft 3 II ft B VB P n B- B ft n WB (3) wp ft (c) (c) VF<< tt VB WB VP it II VB ft Bg4 Eg ft (B) C B ft (F) F (Eg) tt (B) (B) (F) F tt B VB P ft ft VB ft VP It n VB WB ft ft ii WB II WP II n VB ft VP (Eg) ft l VB II (Eg) i n n * Due to green-yellow oolor Note s No ohooking or craoking. 0007-SWP-045844 0007-SWP-000115217 -6- Formulas See formulas in the "Addendum report" on tho 10597-10617 series* Tho following formulas are used in the Havana series only! S'.fF Gloss Bihite M*R,T. 745 L SWp Pndarcoater M,R.T* 750 L Pounds Gallons Material Pounds Gallons Material 260 146 470 162 23 l/2 18 1/4 1/4 3/4 15 4 A. Vft./Gal. 15.97 Vise, 38.2" 20 F 1403 412 BW 103 (2) (46) (4231) (4230) (340) (141) 160 00 200 116 450 7-1/2 10 3/4 10 23 3/4 4 1 3/4 1 A. VTt./Gal. 15.22 Viso. 25,4" 414 W 1552 20 L 2269 3vr 103 (785) (2) (48) (348) - hold (141) out, add (4230) the am(4231) ount neoessary to reduce vise, to 25 sec* SVfP doss ^Ihite M.n.T* 747 L fl. oz. 16 paint 745 L 1 Mart ZT OOO7-SWP-045845 0007-SWP-000115218 ST.7P TTndorcoator fl. 02. 10 _7 L . 1 Mert 2T 759 L 7 S'-VP Undorcoater - 760 L fl. oz. 16 758 L Mart ZT J7E iLS SWP Gloss Thita - K.Pl .T. 746 L fl. 02. 16 paint 745 L 2 Ucrt ZT John Chapin 0007-SWP-045846 0007-SWP-000115219 J. W. Chapin January 13, 1950 Addendum to Report of January 12, 1950 Final Report on Exposures 10597-10617F, C Special Agents in SWP Mildew Resistant Treated White and Underooater . ^^ OS0 To test various special agents as fungicides in mildew resistant house paints and underooaters formulated along the lines of Hex 63057, date 7-22-44. Preparation and Exposure The panels are all cedar bevel siding, expodj^d 36 months at Florida and 40 months at Chicago, vertical south. in general, both tha top coat and the primer use the same agent in each case, but it will be necessary to refer to the formulas ct the end, and to the Havana report, to got full details on the individual samples. The Florida panels are heir^ Vrotifed}'the Chicago panels remain on exposure, but it is quite possible that further results will not merit on additional report. -Susanary of Results Only a few .general statements oan be made, as variations are so groat tKdt it wetaas cdvisable to present results in a tabulation, which is a-jpart of.'the roport on Havana tosts. Many inconsistencies results of. Florida exposure, considered muah more ojiboenusc the,flatter devolopod no mildew. Ifa Co motor inis dhown as dourly and positively Ig&that all others shewing bad mildew either have . iv.or^pj<^M^|#4aiqjlos of different concentration,; or both, which the good side, pyridyl merqurio stearate-, and diMiietJiyl phthalate porhaps deserve mention for^^safdaoe^b'iitvtend to oheok and crack. VCidforturiatply, the past history of the Florida panels tells us little**-'lifb^ia'sfei^iiiida-by us at 18 months, mildew was so light on all panels;th^il:,,ther^/iroro no indioitians of fungi*idol effectiveness. The ~-* *-*--,shorto casings cf, Florida exposure. for fimffeport for condensed tabulation of results) Wu-- . .. x ' 0007-SWP-045847 -2- C opposition and Data Examination at 39- l/3 Months, Chicago Panel Ho. Description Paint No's* Relative Gen* Chalk Cheok Crack Eros'n to Guide Dirt -*pp 10597C 98 99 10600 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Guide 10617 Pyridyl Hg stearate, 0.047. Same, 0.02# 2$ 0*DT* on vehiole weight 2# D.D.T. on vehicle weight 2052 dry Chlorinated bis-phenol Dimethyl phthal. Milban Buooide 321, 0.02# Same, 0.04# Benzene hexaohloride Ha Cu poly phosphate Methyl naptjfcfc#quinane (irf v primer only) In both coats Berle'e phenyl Hg napbth. Same, but Edwnl's Pernaoide OS-10 Zn fluobestate, 0.5# ditto, 1# ditto, 2#. Ho agent 0J246J 235J 0J246J 236J OJ247J 237J 0J247J 238J 0J249J 242J 0J248J 239J 0J260J 241J 0J252J 245J 0J3S5J 243J 0J356J 244J 0J2E3J 254J 0J249J 240J 0J489J 0J498J 491J FH018 622 619 623 620 624 0J534J 531J 0J534J 532 J 534J 533J FH617 621 BAA M 11 rt S tt OK S4 G- ft tt tt H II (s) St SI* (c) (0) Inferior tt. ?1 tr s OK S+ G- B- Sm (C)m ft Def. " tt Inferior n (S)m <8)m 3- V. si. S G BAn Inferior s OK " tt ir A s- Seems S tt it tr C part c Good Muoh (C) F it m Sm (C)m (C) inferior Def. " tt tt A A inferior s- Seems S G tt tt ft good (S) ditto " 11 B* ft tr (C) Inferior, C (?) erodes n It (0) c ditto* 11 n It A worse St OK SG it It tr II OK " 11 BA n n OK '' 11 It 11 A s OK " t! nn TI It OK " II it 11 It tt OK " I if ft A toS tt - ft H * First number is underooater and the second is the finish coat'. 0007-SWP-045848 0007-SWP-000115221 Examination at 36 Months, Florida r4 Paint NoV N0s Chalk 105 97F 0J246J VB 235J 96 0J246J M 236 J 99 0J247J tt 237J 10600 0J247J 11 238J 01 0J249J n 242 J 02 0J248J B 239J 03 0J25OJ n 241J 04 0J252J M 245J 05 0J355J VB 243J 06 0J866J it 244J 07 OJ253J B 254J 06 0J249J 240i WB 09 0J469J B 10 11 12 13 14 16 16 Guide 106|7 0J498J 491J FN618 622 619 625 620 624 0J534J ' 931J 0J534J 532J 0J534J 533J FHB17 621 (B) VB tt B It ft n V# Cheek Crack Sm (CJm ' Cm n tr tr (S)m tr Cm Bm (B)m Sm Sm 11 Cm Cm tr B (C)m (S)m *r tr Cm (C)m Sm ft Bm Sm n n It tr tr R (S)m (S)m fl tr Sm Sm Surf. Flake 'C (B) It B S It n ii ti c (B) (s) C B (B) B n (B) B tt C to B Guide Mil- Guide Fail. dew Mildew V. si. S (C) nC " (B) c n si, B (B) def* (C)_ leas " si, S lass v* si, " def, C less Due to (C) wood V. si. C (c) n it ti s tt V. si. H (c) "B H (G) " (B) About (C) same Same C V, -si, B " VB V. si. B Si. (B) s <C) ft c- (B) B s 11 Gen* Dirt* App, S (GJ (C) F (F) BP (c) F S (G) s; 11 c F- (c) F c tt ti tl VB VP (B) (F) tt tt c tt (B) (F) BP VB VP BP tt tt Motes Very "spotty" ffreea Cast green ' Includes in this case mildew and all surfaoe discoloration, etc* tending to lower gen, appearance. 0007-SWP-045849 0Q07-SWP-000115222 Forrculaa Involved. 4 SWP Gnderoobtsr MRI , Reg, OJ Pounds Gallons Material 210 412 80 1552 200 20F 116 2173 385 BW 103 46 2052 1/8 7-1/2 12-3/4 10 23-3/4 4 1-3/4 1 (12)W (785) (2) (46) imJ (141) (5230) (6231) . Output - 100 Gala Wfc/Gal, - T. 14.48 - A. 14.49 Visoosity fresh - 27.8" 75 dee. F, on #3 3 toys - 29,4" 75 deg. F. on #3 SWP Pnd era oater M,R,T. OJ 246 J Same as OJ 249J exoept agent la 3/4 lb, Pyridyl Mercuric Stearate SWP Pnderooater M,RI. OJ 247J Same as OJ 249J exoept agent is 6*1/2 lb, D.D,T, 5VTP Underooater MJt.X, OJ 246J Same OJ 249J exoept agent is 46 lb. Chlorinated bis-phenol SWP Under0 oater MR,T, OJ 250J Same as OJ 249J exoept agent is l/2 gal. Dimethyl Phthalate SWP Underooater MRT, OJ 252J Same as OJ 249J exoept agent is 1-5/B lb. Milbon SWP Underooater M*RT, OJ 253J Same ae OJ. 249J exoept agent is 6-1/2 lb. Benzene Bexaohloride SWP Dnderooateg..OJ 355J (M,R,T) Same as OJ 249J except agent is 5/16 gal, CW (2119) ff.M.N, 0007-SWP-045850 0007-SWP-000115223 -5- <WP Gloss Tthite M.R.T , QJ 235J (Basic formula for all topcoat a, accept OJ 4B9J) Pounds Gallons Material 248 ' 20 P 14S 1402 500 412 1-1/2 Pyridyl Merourio Stearate 160 BW 103 (0.04?! Hg on total paint solids) 1/4 (12)77 23-1/2 (2) ____________ 18-1/4 T7T ` T` 7- 3/4 (5230) 22 (346) 4 (141) Output - 100 gals. Wt./gal. - T. 15.35 - A, 15,35 Viscosity fresh - 30.2" 6 75 dog F, on #3 2 days - 31.0" " "" 5WP Gloss W hite MR,T, OJ 236J Same as OJ 235J exoept agent is 13/l6 lb, Pyridyl Morourio Stearate (0,02?! Hg) 5WP Gloss/Vhlte M.R.T. OJ 237J Sane as OJ 235J exoept agent is 11 lb. D. D. T, (2?5 on total vehiole weight) SWP GIo bs TThlte MRT. OJ 238J Some as OJ 235J exoept agent is 7-1/? lb. D,D.T. (2?! on vehiole solids) ST7P Gloss 'White M.R.T. OJ 239J Sane as OJ 235J exoept agent is 48 lb. Chlorinated bis-phenol (3?S on total paint weight) SWP Gloss Thite M.R.T. OJ 240 J Sane as OJ 23SJ exoept agent is 180 lb, Sodiun Copper Phosphate (7.7)5 CuO based on vehiole solids) 0007-SWP-045851 0007-SWP-000115224 -6' SWP Gloss White M.R.T. OJ 241J Some as Oj 235J exoept agent is 9/16 gal. Dimethyl Phthalnte (if. on vehiole solids) S?;p Gloss 'Thite MRT, OJ 242J Same as OJ 23SJ exoept agent is the regular tetrachlorphenol, Dowioide 6 (2052 dry), at 3% by weight of total paint. SWP G103S White M.R.T. OJ 243J Same as Oj 235J, except using Nooaldo 321 ((r.M.N.) at 0.02$ Hg based on paint solids SWF 01 osj White M.R.T. OJ 244J Same as OJ 236J exoept using Nuocide 321 at 0.04# Hg on paint solids.. SUP Gloss White MRT. OJ 245J Same as OJ 235J exoept agent is 1-7/8 lb. Milban (0.5# on vehiole solids) SWF Gloss White M.R.T,. OJ 254J Same as Oj 235J exoept agent is 7-1/2 lb. Benzene Hexaohlori.de (2J{ on vehiole solids) SWP Gloss White - Wo Agent - OJ 489J Founds Gallons Material 296 20 1 or P 132 2173 480 412 92 BW 103 26-5/0 19 1/6 5/8 1-3/4 19-1/2 4 (2) CTO 366 (I2)vr (4230) (348) (141) Output - 100 gal3. Wt./gnl. - T. 15,00 - A. 15.06 Viscosity Fresh - 26,8" 75 deg. F. on #3 1 day - 30K 0007-SWP-045852 0007-SWP-000115225 -7- SWP Gloss White M.R.T. OJ 491J Sans as OJ 235J except agent is 1-3/9 lbs. 8 Methyl Naphthoquinone 3'Jp Dndercoater M.R.T. OJ 498J Same as OJ 235J except agent i6 1-3/8 lb, 8 Methyl Naphthoquinone SitP Gloss White M.R.T. - OJ 531J Same as OJ 235J exoept agent is 3/8 gal. Zn Fluoborats, 41# (0.5j5 on vehicle solids) SWP gloss Shite M.R.T. - OJ 532J Same as OJ 235J exoept agent is 3/4 gal*-Zn Fluoborate, 41# (1# on vehicle solids) S7TP Gloss fhlte M.R.T. OJ 553J Same as OJ 235J except agent is 1-7/16 gal. 2n Fluoborats. 41# (2# on vehicle solids) SWF Underooater M.R.T, - OJ 534J Same as OJ 249J exoept agent is 5/8 gal. Zn Flu ob orate, 41# FN-617 SWP Underooater, M.R.T. Type Rex 451 (Untreated) Same as OJ 249J except M used. FN-618 Underooater, M.R.T. Same as OJ 249J, except agent is .71 lbs. Phenyl Mercury Napht;hernte (Bark 36# Hg) FN-619 Underooater, M.R.T. Same as OJ 249J, except agent is 1-1/4 lbs* Phenyl Meroury Maphthenate (Edwal'a 19.6# Hg) FK-620 Underooater. M,R,T. Same as OJ 249J, exoept agent is 6-3/8 gal. Permaoide OS 10 F1M21, M.R.T, (Untreated) Gloss White "" 1 Same as OJ 236J, except no agent used. FN-622 Sloes 'White, M.R.T. ' Same as OJ 235J, except agent is 1-1/2 lbs. Phenyl Meroury Naphthenate (Berk's 36# Hg) FN-623 Gloas White, M.R.T. Sams ns OJ 25&Jy exoept agent is 2-13/16 lbs. Phenyl Meroury Naphtha nate (Edwal's 19.5#) JTC >1j S FK-624 Gloss White, M.R.T. Same as OJ 235J, except agent is 6-7/8 gal. Permaoide OS 10. J. W. Chapin 0007-SWP-045853 0007-SWP-000115226 J. W. Chapin April 27, 1950 Progress Report on Exposures 12305-29F, C 13Styrenated Oils In SWF Gloss White cc; \>,<V^ Purpose To test styrenated oils in Rex 471 SWP Gloss White of 7-29-47, using both Dow Chemical Company's styrenated oils X 356 and X 357-40 and several blends from the Resin Researoh Department based on linseed and soya oils. Complete details on the resins, oils and paints involved are tabulated below. Preparation and Exposure The panels are cedar bevel siding primed with Rex 450 Underooater (white), also duplicated as two-ooat self-primed work. The Florida panels have been exposed vertical south for 24 months, the Chicago panels north end south'for 26 months, A regilar Rex 471 formula using 10($ linseed oils was used as the guide paint* fv .' All panels continue on exposure. Summary of Results It is important to note that this series is not an especially harsh test of styrene as suoh, because the binder in every case contains at least'600? (798) hon^br'biQc'iinseed oil, whioh had to be used to get usable' consistencies and :fl<iw# Both theuChibagfand Florida tests,- in general, look good, eleap and white tKrcu^SutY'tfee aeries at about 2 years* Florida tests ^oh ;shbw:jjeripos: dirt sard^balanedd by a similar amount on the guides, 514^Htly::moi*o dirty than normal for the series at Chioago are: SB 7375 glycerol-res in-soya-styrene and KB 8259 Is done-styrene. i ' No tests are dirtier than the guides at Florida, and all have bean consistently rated equal aa. to dirt in. Dri. Sieplein's routine.,rep.orts, la fact, he has reported ell'tests as nearly identical from month to month except for. minor early diffez^noos. in ohalfcing*^0ur Chioago examinations in the peat have sliown only ye^r minor differences in the usual eharaoter- istios rated. &. . J at-Chioqgo ,at present is vory.slight, .and sfagr erosion approaching the visible R^fP^gh^Tfeoleiaeif-pfimed panels at Florida show microsoopio oheolring of v-posaible-aignifibanoo; (a) S3 6582 linseed-styrene, our match for Dor's X. 858," .(b) RB 5563 Isolono-lJLnseed-styreno and (o) Dow's X 357-40 oastor- afcyrene^.: A sample using 60/400? linseed/ (3516) soya-chinawjod still holds some? gloss at Florida. 0007-SWP-045854 0007-SWP-000115227 -2Capposition and Data Characteristics of Oils and paints OJ Composition of No.______ Binder___________ Test Oil Set-toTouoh Time Brushing Flow Gloss 2001 201L 2021 60/40^ or 29/19 gal,* (2)/(48) linseed 60/40% or 29/19 80/20 gal. (2)/(3316) Soya/OTO 60/4055 or 29/19 50/60 (48) gal. (798)/RB6875 linseed/styrene 6 hr. 10 min. 5 hr. 15 min. 4 hr. 33 min. 203L 60/40J5 or 29/19 12.5/37.5/5! 0 gal. (798)/ CWITOO/ /soya/ RB 6876 styrene 204L 75/2555 or 32/16 12.5/37.5/50 gal. (798)/ CWo /l inseed/ RB 6877 styrene 205L 60/5055 or24/24 50/50 linseed/ gal. (798) styrene ' RB 5582 (our match for X 356) 2061 SQ/.60J& or24/24 25/25/50 gal. (798)/ Is olana/l inseed/ EB:-5583 styrene 2071 55/4655 or 26/21 Dow's 60/40 gal. (790)/ oastor/styrene I 357-40 209L 60/5QJ5 or24/24 50/50 (44) - >VgB.l'i. (798)/ Iin8sed/Dcrw 253. ' . V CJ5 * > A UW >)U^tUllU - SOSLSvSw^i^ cir 29/25 Pentek resin/ v gal*. (798)/ RB 6903- soya- RB 7662 styrene, 80^ ...--: %' ' solids 306L .6O/4055. or 29/23 Glyoorol resin/ gaii",(79B)/ RB 6903 RB 17375 8555 solids 4211 6O/4055 or 29/19 60/40?5 Isoleae/ gal, (798)/ styrene RB 8269 4 hr. 40 min. 4 hr. 56 min. 3 hr. 56 min. 3 hr. 50 min. 3 hr. 55 min. 5 hr. 30 min. 5 hr. 15 min. 4 hr. 50 min. Good Good Good ft tl Good- fil* stio)cy n fl Fairt It Good rt ft Good+ it Fair- Fair4 it Good Good* si. Poor Fair sticky If Good Good It n Good- It Very mmmm Good Fractions of gallons omitted vi..-: 0007-SWP-045855 0007-SWP-000115228 -3- Notes on drying when painted cut for exposure tost -- ! Self-prime first oo'ats CXI 200L, 201L, 202L, 203L dried normally. 2. All other solf.primp first coats blistered after standard 40. hour air-drying plus two hours U.V< arc cabinet. All were repeated. 3. OJ 204L, 205L, 20SLf 207L gave the same trouble on repent, after pre-drying of tho wood, and only 1 hcur are treatment. Those wore repeated a second time. 4. All tho poor-drying samples wore finally O.K. when, dried 3 to 4 days without arc treatment. -- It appeared that these styrene paints tendod to surfaoe-dry, trap solvent and blister when artificially dried. The schedule did not permit the testing of this phenomenon in exaotly the same manner for each paint, but the evidence indicates that ell the styrene-oontoining paints have the tendenoy. Basic Formula OJ 200L, Rex 471 3WP Gloss White, 7/29/47 Founds Gallons Material 230 20 F 136 1403 480 412 70 18 2S-3/8 19 5/6 1-3/4 1/2 19 4 (12)17 (2) (48)Drum (543) (4232^ (348) (141) 'A. '-It. 15,06 JWC;ls 0007-SWP-045856 0007-SWP-000115229 J. W Chapin July IS, 1950 * V otry K Final Report on Exposures lgQ59-6Sy 122850 Bot Tests of ffood Using Special Preservative Agents n V' 1 Purpose To test several fungloldal preparations, both alone and in aluminum paints, as to their aotual effectiveness in preserving wood against rotting* The oopper oompouiids involvetfare aaphthenntee. Preparation and Tasting Tho materials listed below wore prepared and applied to strips of yellow pine approximately 24 x 2-3/4 x 3/8 inches, Tho entire length was brushed with tho primer; or olsar prsservotivo, then tho bottan 4" was paintad with Regular Rex 471 SWP Gloss Uhite, This was to ohook whotherf.^Horn was any blooding of tho preservative tfcrou^i a white paint/j-Also, it allows a ,tbst of both primer only and primer plus finish ooation-tha some piece of wood* Sovon days of drying woro allowed be tween coots* The. panels wero.-plaoed upright in tho ground, only 2 to 3 inohes boing above; the' surfooniMn^^ilcrganite.was worked in .around each to prb(S|p|pi)y,y 'Thafpanoli^^piTOBiovbd-robontly after 2-1/2 years burial, ThcFyjifJifiTbo filbd for at'-Waft' bno yoar. ' ' -* -i ' l2i^>?u.v^ Rax: 23015::^luma '' './^/^Ftoiiifc, .S!.* ^Mi^toat.lon^at '2-1/2 Yoprs n~r. Oj Hoi Buried portion entirely rotted away 60 V- "Box 23015 plus 0,4 lbs, 2062 dry per al* Rotted seriously (entire buried, portion), no strength loft, but/atill in ouPiP5.eoo Entirdly retted mray 290L Good, ^riamir. starting to .. . flata off, incipient rotting, Rex 471 intact (ConfeO 0007-SWP-045857 0007-SWP-000115230 -2- Panel No. Description OJ No. 12063C Nuodex 8fc Cu-Froserva* 291L tive 64 2,2% Khodex Cu added 303L to paint similar to 289L 66 No primer. Rex 471 only ~ 122 85C Pestroy Penta 5% pentoohlorophenol Very good. Wood looks as good os new, Rex 471 intnot Entirely rotted away Some wood left, but rotting almost oomplete Fair. More rotting than on 290L, but wood still quite strong. Rex 471 intact. Only primer car preservative is listed; eaoh panel also has a section of Rax 471* **Rey!?o-Mold paste contains copper naphthenate, same material as in "Niiodox Copper," but percentage is not known# HCTBi We have'no positive explanation of the poor showing of OJ 3051,, copper added to aluminum paste., which theoretically should be equivalent or at least similar to Rey-No-Mold. Eow0vor, there are two logioal possibilities; (a) the* loafing .of the aluminum naVjprevent the agent fjrem being absorbed;1 into the wood; ,(^'^syJb>llold paste may be either muoh 'higher ;ih b cpper borte^ :^ process tid to overdone the poesible diffloulty in (a). ! f 0007-SWP-045858 0Q07-SWP-000115231 -3- Fonaalas Involved #15 Roady Mixed Aluminas ftiint iAO pounds 2052 - 23016 Pounds Cfallons Material 40 2052 100 Rex 23015 #15 Ready Mixed Aluminum Paint Card No, 12 - #25016________ Pounds Gallons Material 137 1576 14-1/4 (3498 JL 50-1/4 (2963)L 24-3/4 (348) 1 (4232) 1/2 (1767) t (377) Total Tft./Gftl. - 8.00 Output - 100 (Sonplos furnished by E.C, Hang) \ Aluminum Primer using Hiodex Copper CV 39 - SOS L Pounds Gallons Material 215 Suodex Copper 8?S 200 Std, #30 Paste 75 CV 39 * Aluminun Primer made with 3td, #30 paste- 0J 269 L Pounds Gallons Material 32 Or * Std. #30 Paste 128 CV 39 Aluminum ft'imer jsodessiJdi.Rey-No-Mold QJ 290 L PoundsA Gallons Material 32 Trt.ozi RayHo-Mold 128 lq.os. 07 39 Huodox Copper Preservative Coating OJ 291 L Pounds Gallons Material 29 36 1/2 36 Huodox Copper 85? (2) (4092) (348) * C7 Wiealong pilCWO-li bed^en(296S)L and (48). l-Velaiool liquid. ; I 0007-SWP-045859 0007-SWP-000115232 -4- Photopraph After 2-1/2 Voars Burial 1 1205 9C Rex 23015 Aluminum Paint 2 60 Ditto, plus 0*4 lbs. 2052 dry por gal 3 61 #30 Al* pasts plus CV 39 4 62 Key-No-Mold Al* paste plus CV 39 5 63 Kuodex 8% oopper preservative 6 64 Some added to paint similar to #3 7 65 No troatmont 8 12285 Pestroy Ponta, 5% poatachlorophonol JKC:1s Sent tot KRB(Attn. ECH) ABH EiTF SFC J75C jc?r OJG DFH LFK HES RGL HLB ERH 17DR me im J. 17. CHAPIN 0007-SHP-045860 0007-SWP-00011 Paint Research Dept. September 24, 1962 Progress Report on Exposures 15855-73 CflF Titanium Pigment Corporation Cooperative Series (1951) 17 Purpose To compare exposure results on white and tinted house paints, planned as an extension of a previous series, with special emphasis on comparison of results at our locations -with those at Sayville, New Yorko Paints Tested Group 1 -- State fiesisting House Paints Paint No, RB 3328 RB 3329 RB 3330 RB 3331 Ti02 Variation Titanox A/AA 50/50 blend Titanox AA Titanox VSANC 75/25 blend Titanox i/RCHT 50/50 blend Group 2 -- Lead Containing Gloss Hhite Paint Ho. Ti09 Variation ; - X ^ r. - RB 3299 RB 3300 RB 3301 RB 3302 Titanox A Titanox A/AA 50/&0 blend Titanox i/RANC G2/1G bland Titanox i/RCHT 50/50 bland Group 3 - Lead oontaining tint - Colonial Yellow " ............ , %'o2; Paint Ho. TiO? - extender EB 3303 Y RB 3304 Y Efr 3303 Y BB' 3306 Y Titanox RJHC - Mg silioate TitanoxRC - Hg silioate Titanox RAHC - Ca oarbonate Titanox EC - Ca oarbonate Group 4 -- Lead oontaining tint - Gray Paint Ho. IiOj> - extender yf.:t;^: SB,,3S05 0 ' vi '2B-3304 G *r-'* " HI&S305' G . .. SB 5506 G Titanox RAHC - Mg silioate Titanox RC silioate Titanox RAHC - Ca carbonate Titanox RC = Ca carbonate 0007-SWP-045861 0007-SWP-000115234 5 - T.P. Co. Khite House Paints` Paint No. 1527-1 10$ TxA MO-10$ TxEtA-38.5$ FbZn-15.7$ BCHL-25.8$ Asb. 1527-2 10$ TxA M0-10$ TxRA 10-38.5$ PbZn-15.7$ BCWL-2S.8$ Asb. 1527-3 20$ Tx A168 L0-38.5$ FbZn-15.7$ BC!TL-25.8$ Asb. 1527-4 The same paint as No, 2 with all the lead being replaoed by 451 on a volume basis. 1527-5 7.5$ TxA MO-7.5$ TxBA 10-34.6$ FbZn-14.7$ BCWL-35.7$ Asb. 1527-5 36$ TxRCHT-10$ Tx A M0-50$ PbZn-5$ Asb. 1527-7 The same paint as Ho. 6 with all the lead replaced by 46X on a volume basis. 1527-8 25$ Tx RCHT-7.S$ Tx A M0-36$ FbZn-32.5$ Asb. 1527-9 15$ TXA 168 L0-10$ TxRA 10-38$ Zn0-20$ Asb -- 20$ Caloivm Carbonate. 1527-10 35$ TxRCHT-10$ TxA MO-35$ Zn0-20$ Asb. _6 - T.F. Co. Tint Bases (Gray) Paint Mo. 1527-11 1S$ Tx RA5C-38$ Zn0-13$ 46X-56$ Caloiun oarbouate 1627-12 12$ TxEAHO-36$ Zn0-53$ Calaim Carbonate 1527-15 68$ txRC-34.5$ ZnO 12.8$ Basie Lead Silicate 46X 1627-14 1527-16 20$ TxRC-25$ Zn0-10$ 461-45$ Cal cion Carbonate Primer 60$ TXRC-20$ BCTL-20$ Asb. in usual dehydrated oaetor oil-linseed-ester gua vehicle at a F7C of 40$ 1527-16 Primer - 65$ TxRC-35$ Asbestine in usual vehicle 0007-SWP-045862 -3- Preparation and Exposure Tha paints are tested on oedar bevel siding as follows* a. Bio loft l/a of eaoh panel a control using house paint underooater plus SlIP Gloss White or the appropriate SWP tint. b Bio oontor l/3 of eaoh panel a test topcoat ovor underooater. (Underooater for SWP groups is Hex 450. For T.P. Co. groups it is their #1527-15} but see also speoial T.P. Co. primer at end of list). 0. The right 1/3 of eaoh panel the same testT as the center 1/3 but aolf-primed worlc. d. Fix*at coats at 450 sq. ft. per gallon, topcoats at 550. The panels have been exposed 12 months at Miami, Florida, vertical south, and 14 months at Chiaago, north and south vertical. Smmary of Results There ie no serious film failure on any system as yet, but some systems should be mentioned ae unsatisfactory because of dirt collection, mildew or yellow oast. However, sinoe Chicago and Florida results do not verify.eaoh other in osrtain oases, we prefer at this stage to make only a few general statements, all of whloh are sxhjsot to amendment as the exposure progreissea* lore detailed comparisons may be made by comparing the attached readings -item by item. Sane general statements are* 1* Poor performance over #1627-15 primer. This is generally in "the form Of miorosoopio checking, which is much less on the Wif-primed seotieits. However, a number of self-primed tests .c' more dirt "tban-^the apeoial-primed. 2. Butiile yellowing of grays where titanium oaloiun pigment is '- <;<4iaaMd^aith o&loiw oarhonata extenders. - "V ,, S. ' Bptfcile yellowing of titaniua oalaitsa paints mors evident in / IeOtsl-.free than in lead-containing paints. 4. Dirt oolieotion mora notioeable with lead-free than with lead-containing paints, also with the larger amounts of rutile type pigments. 6. -Control of dolor .in tints all quite satisfactory except for . 5V.litanox BC-oaldium carbonate ocmbinatloss. : .' 0007-SWP-045863 0007-SWP-000115236 -4- gxaffilnatlon Results Examination at 12 Months, Florida Panel So. Description RB No. Guide Hex 450 plus Rex 471 reg. 15335* All 1403, left l/S 3299 SUP Fume Resisting 36 Hex 436, 50/50 Tx A/a A 36-2 "2's" all selfprimed, otherwise as 36 37 All lie AA 3328 3328 3329 Chalk 6 5 6 5 Check 10 Fade Dirt Gen. App< * 88 Dirt mostly mildew 10 5 6 10 5 6 10 5 6 37-2 self-primed 3329 6 10 66 38 75/25 Tx VRANC 58-2 self-primed 3330 3330 7 7 10 10 45 45 39 50/50 TxA/RCRT 39-2 self-primed 3331 3331 8 6 10 10 5 5 6 6 SUP Gloss Mhite 15840 Rex 471 as guide 40-2 self-primed 41 50/50 TxA/AA 41*2 self-primed 3299 3299 3300 3300 5 5 6 5 10 10 10 10 77 77 88 88 '82/18 ' 42-2 self-primed ;.;v " /uP 60/50 TxVRCBf 3301 3301 3302 4 ' 10 4 10 6 10 88 88 a8 43-2 self-primed 3302 6 10 8- 8 SUP Colonial Yellow Guide Reg. 450, i&ite 15844F Rex 465 reg. 330sr 45 '.1 Same , but osnter l/S 3S0SY 33051 ' * ps.c/zo `b* .* ''46-2 self-primed 5304Y 3304Y 9 9 9 8 6 10 5 10 5 9m 5 10 5 8m 5 5-6 4 4 4 4 5-6 4 4 4 4 00CI7-SWP-045864 0007-SWP-000115237 -5- Panel ( Ho. Description HB So. Chalk Che ok Fade Dirt Gen. APP' 15847 RiHC/566 33061 9 10 4 6 5 47-2 self-primed 48 RC/566 48-2 self-primed 33051 3306Y 33061 9 8 8 9m 4 8m 4 7m 4 5 5 5 5 5 5 SWP- Westchester Gray Guide Hex 450 shite, plus 15849? 477, left l/3 3303G 9 BO Same-but center 3503G 8 - (RAHC - 20 dry) 50-2 self-primed 330SG 8 51 RC/20 3304G 7 i 51-2.self-primed S304G 7 \ --- si*'- O 52 RANq/S66 52-2 self-primed 53 R(^566 53-2 self-primed 3305G 3306G 3S06G 33066 8 8 8 8 Guide as 15855, but T.P.'a 15854? reg. primer 1627-15 (left 4 oenter parts all this primer) .65 T.P- shite, with tx 55-2 seif-primed 3299 1P* Ho* 1557=3" 1627-1 r 6 6 6 56 AHC/RA-10 / 56-2 self-primed 1527-2 1527-2 7 6 57 Tx A168-LO 1527-3 5 57-2 self-primed 1527-3 5 58 As 16858 but.45X 2627-4 '6 58-2 -self-primed . 1627-4' . 5 0:^:.'i -iv `^la&drsine -change s 5SF2- 'self-primed 1527-5 1527-5 5 5 1010 10 10 8m 10 9m 6m 5m 7-9m 5 .4- 5 4 4 4 5 5 5 Guide dirt 5-6 5 4 5 4 4 3 3 3 10 6 3 10 5 4 10 5 4 10 5 4 10 5 3 10 5 4 10 4 S 10 4 5 5m 3 4 8m 3 4 5-6 6 4 5 4 4 3 3 3 3-5 3 4 4 4 3 4 5 5 4 4 0007-SWP-045865 00D7-SWP-000115238 -6- Panel Ho. Description RB Ho. Chalk Cheok Fade 15860 r c h t /a -mq 60-2 self-primed 1527-6 1527-6 55 part m* 5 8m 61 As 60, but 45X 1527-7 5 5m 61-2 self-primed 1627-7 5 10 62 As 60, but more extender 62-2 self-primed 1527-8 1527-8 5 5 -- 9m 63 A168-LO and Ra-10 1527-9 10 10 63-2 self-primed 1527-9 10 10 64 h c h i/a -mj 64-2 self-primed 1527-10 1527-10 10 10 7m** 7si* T.F. Co,, Tints, Gray Guide As 49, but T.F. Co. RB 15865y Primer 3505G 8 10 5 66 T.F. Special RAHq/4fiVCa C05 66-2 self-primed TP 1527-11 1627-11 9 9 9m 7 10 7 67 RAHC/ZnO/Ca CC3 1527-12 10 9m 7 67-2 self-primed 1627-12 10 10 7 68 1S2*-1S 9 Sm 6 68-2 s^lfrprimed 69 B</nO/46VCa C03 1627-13 1627-14 9 10 1 6 7 69-2 self-primed 1627-14 10 6m 7 Guide Dirt 4 4 3 3 3 3 4 4 8 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 6 5 Dirt 5 6 5 4 4 4 2 2 3 3 4 3 3 3 5 4 3 2 Gen. App. 6 5 5 4 4 4 2 2 3 3 4-5 5 4 4 4 5 4 4 3 *Seems to be slight miorosoopio creaking on 15860F. Tiny sheoka, "wrinkle" type. ... , BatingBjCcoygloae- (notually only a alight sheen at this H= :*CjstageJP*r#>itted-for laok of spaoe. 0007-SWP-045866 0007-SWP-000115239 -7- Panel NO a Description SB No. Chalk TaP. White irith Speoial Primer Guide as before, but RB 158707 T.P. Special Primer 3299 *hioh is 65/35 SQ/Asbestine TP 71 As 15863, but 1527-9 spec* pr 71-2 self-primed 1527-9 5 9 9 72 As 15864, but spec* pr 72-2 self-primed 1527-10 1527-10 9 9 Cheek Pads 10 10 10 8m -- 10 Guide Dirt 6 6 6 6 Dirt 4 3 4 3 Gen. APP 6 4 3 4 3 0007-SWP-045867 0007-SWP-000115240 Panel No, RB Mo, Guide 15835C 3299 36 3328 36-2 3328 37 3329 37-2 3329 38 3330 38-2 3330 39 3331 39-2 3331 40 3299 40-2 3299 41 3300 41-2 3300 42 3301 42-2 3301 43 3302 43-2 3302 - 44 5303Y 45 3S0ST 45-2 33031 46 3504Y 46-2 SS04Y 47 - : SS05Y 47-2 3SOSY -8- Biamination at 14 Months, Chicago SOOTH Gen, Chalk Phde Dirt App. NORTH Gen. Chalk Fade Dirt App. 5 88 S 77 5 88 6 77 5 88 6 88 5 88 6 77 5 88 6 77 6 88 7 77 6 B8 7 88 6 66 7 44 6 66 7 5S 5 88 6 77 S 88 7 77 6 77 6 66 6 77 6 ,7 7 6 77 6 66 5 88 6 77 77 6 66 4 77 S 66 6 46S 6 5 44 6 5 66 6 6 44 6 4 6 5 8 5 4 .4 6 666 67 34 6 S66 S6 34 6 6 6 6 6 7 '3 4 6 576 66 3 4 0OCI7-SWP-O45868 0007-SWP-000115241 -9- Panel NOo SOUTH RB Ho. - Chalk Fade 15848 3306Y 7 3 48-2 3306Y 6 3 49 330SG 6 5 50 3303G 6 6 50-2 330SG 5 5 51 3304G 6 6 51-2 3304G 5 5 52 5306G 7 6 52-2 3306G 6 6 53 3306G 7 4 63-2 3306G 6 4 54 3299 5 55 1627-1 6 55-2 1827-1 6 56 1627-2 S 56-2 1627-2 6 67 1527-3 5 57-2 1627-3 5 68 ' 1627-4 6 68-2 1627-4 6 69 1627-6 6 69-2 i627-6 6 60 1527-6 4 80^2 $1627-6 4 61 1.627-7 5 61-2 1527-7 5 Dirt 5 5 %7 7 7 6 7 6 7 4 5 B 7 7 7 7 8 8 7 7 7 8 6 7 6 7 Gen. App. 4 4 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4 4 8 7 7 7 7 8 8 7 7 7 8 6 7 6 7 H-OHTH Chalk Fade 74 64 65 65 65 66 66 76 76 76 76 5 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 5 5 6 6 Dirt 2 2 5 5 5 4 4 3 3 2 2 7 6 6 6 6 7 8 6 6 6 7 4 4 4 4 Geno App. 3 3 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 3 3 7 6 6 5 5 7 8 6 6 6 7 4 4 4 4 0007 -SWF-045869 0007-SWP-000115242 c t Panel No. RB No. 15662 1527-8 62-2 1527-8 63 1527-9 63-2 1527-9 64 1527-10 64-2 65 66 1527-10 RB 3303G TP 1527-11 66-2 1527-11 67 1527-12 67-2 1527-12 68 1527-13 68-2 1527-13 69 1527-14 69-2 1527-14 RB 70 5299 71 1627-9 71-2 1527-9 -721 1527-10 72-2 1627-10 -10- sotriH Gen. Chalk Fade Dirt App. 7 77 7 88 6 66 6 77 S 66 5 77 5 576 7 655 7 565 7 655 7 565 6 565 6 475 9 <7, 4 4 9 6 55 5 88 6 66 6 77 4 66 4 77 NORTH Chalk Fade Dirt 76 78 64 65 64 -6 5 65 5 77 4 76 4 88 3 87 4 75 5 64 4 98 2 97 5 67 65 66 55 65 Gen. App. 6 6 4 5 4 5 5 4 5 4 4 2 3 5 4 7 5 6 5 5 No checking or eraeking on any Chicago panels. Ratings an erosion, which are all "10" on tints and vary tvm 7 to 9 on whites, are being.-tailtted for lack of spaoe. It is eonoeded tJwpfc these ratings may bo of Talus, but erosion is not a factor in general* appearance at this time. 0007-SWE-045870 0007-SWP-000115243 -11- Fornralaa Involved SWP TJnderooater - Bex 450 - BB 3322 Bounds Gallons Material 100 2077 250 20 240 511 120 18 142 2174 3 547 3/4 28 14-1/2 (5094) (2) (310) 4 1-2/2 1-1/2 25 (141) (901) (543) (348) Tint Base - BB 3306 Pounds Gallons Material 440 412 325 2140 Titanox BC 230 566 1/2 32-1/2 19 (5094) (2) (310) -- 1-1/4 3/4 4 11 (901) (543) (141) (5027) Wta/Gftlo * A 15.16 Viscosity 33' A 75 deg. on #3 Wfc./Gal. - T 13.73 - A 13.80 Visoosity 19" A 75 deg.. on #3 k. o Tint Base - RB 3505 Pounds Gallons Material 440 412 157 1004 Titanox RA BC 375 866 1/2 32-V2 19 (6094) (2) (310) 1-1/4 8$ 4. (141) / V* (8027) v Wfc./Gal. " T 14.66 - 4 14.61 Visoosity 25* A 78 deg. on #5 Tint Base - BB 3304 Pounds Gallons Material 440 412 325 21401 Titanox BC 200 20 1/2 52-l/2 19 (5094) (2) (310) 1-1/4 V4 4 13 (901) (845) (141) (548) Wt./Gal. - T 15.00 - 4 15.02 Viscosity 37* A 75 deg. on #5 0007--SWP-045871 0007-SWP-000115244 -12' Tint Base - RB 3303 Pounds Gallons Material 440 412 137 1004 - Titanox RA NC 326 20 1/2 32-1/2 19 (5094) (2) (310) l-l/d 3/4 4 17 (901) (543) (141) (5027) Wt./Gal. - T 14.38 - A 14.31 Yieoosity 22* <* 76 deg. on #3 SWP Gloss White - RB 3302 Pounds Gallons Material 250 20 175 2132 - Titanox RC HT 100 1403 - Titanox A 200 412 200 1424 32-3/2 19 (2) (310) 1-3/4 5/8 4 15-3/4 (901) (543) (141) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 14.46 - A 14.50 Visoosity 26" 75 deg. on #3 SWP Gloss White - RB 3301 Pounds Gallons Material 30 1004 - Titanox HA RC 140 1403 - Titanox A 200 412 200 1424 325 20 52-3/2 .. (2) (SiO) ....... i-s/4 5/8 '. ^ 4: 16-V4 <901} (643) (1) (348) Wt./Gal. - t ihi6 - A 14.23 Yisooaity 21*% 76 deg. on #3 SWp Gloss White - RB 3300 Pounds Gallons Material 86 1403 - Titanox . 85 2030 - Titanox 200 412 200 1424 325 20 32-1/2 19 (2) . (510) 1-3/4 5/8 4 16-3/4 (901) (643) (141) (348) Wfc./Gal. - T 14.25 - A 14.30 Vieoosity 25* 75 dog.. on #3 0007-SWB-045872 0007-SWP-000115245 -13- STfP Gloss T*Jite - EB 3299 Pounds Gallons Material 170 1403 - Titanox A 200 412 200 1424 325 20 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 1-3/4 5/8 4 16-3/4 (901) (543) (141) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 14.25 - A 14.31 Viscosity 25" 75 deg. on ^ Hsne Resisting Mhite - RB 3328 Pounds Gallons Material 100 1403 - Titanox A 100 2030 - Titanox AA 290 '2059 288 20 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 3 -- 1-1/2 2 1-1/4 4 14-1/4 4 (5096) (543) (2231) (2236) (141) (348) (348) Wb./Gal. - T 15.29 - A 13.33 Viscosity 42" 75 deg. on #3 Rate Heglatlng Mhlte - Hp 3330 Pounds Ballons Material 125 1403 - Titanox A 42 1004 - Titanox HA HC 290 2059 314 20 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 5 1-1/2 2 1-1/4 4 14-1/4 (5096) (MS) (2231) (2236) <14i) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 13.22 - A 13.23 Viscosity 41" 0 75 deg. on #3 0007-SWP-045873 0007-SWP-000115246 .metis -14- Fane Resisting Mhite - RB 3329 Pounds Gallons Material 290 2069 288 20 200 2030 - 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 3 1-1/2 2 It 1/4 4 14-1/4 3 (5096) (543) -(2231) (2236) (141) (348) (348) Wt./Gal. - t 13.29 - A 13.31 Viscosity 41* 9 75 deg. on #3 Itatte Resisting Mhite - HB 3331. Pounds Gallons Material 290 2059 112 20 75 1989 246 2132 - Titanox BC HT 74 1403 - titanox A 32-3/2 19 (2) % (310) 3 1-3/2 2 1-3/4 4 14-1/4 (5096) (643) (2231) HS>J (548) Wt./Gal. - T 13.48 - A 13.46 Visoosity 32* 75 deg. on #3 0007-SWP-Q45874 0007-SWP-000115247 R --- Inspection Trip Exposures - Titanium Pigment Corporation national Lead Company du Pont-Pigment Diriaion June 26 - 27, 1952 General Statement on June2Br0 k ,, ff, Pasig and the un-itur inspected the panel exposures of the Titanium Pigment Corporation and the fictional Lead Campaiy at Sayville, Lang Island, Nee fork, and on June 27_the panel tests and some house tests of the da Pant Pigmsut Diwislan at Seaport aadHllmington, Delaware, Due to the terrific heat and high humidity our inspections neces sarily were very restricted and only limited notes were made. Host of the general statements made in our 1951 inspection report still hold and need not be repeated here. Supplementary - raearics would includes 1,TPC reported that some antimony oxide would increase the chalk resist ance of their so-called ^non-chalking11 rutile TiOg Titanox RANC, He did not see these panels, o du Pont stated that alkallne enrironment fa7ored "rutile yellowing* and thus calcium carbonato imist bausedin whites with cared They said erven anatase Ti-Pure fF can be made to yellow, TPC said Titanox BCHT can show yellowing bat less than Titanox BA 10 MO, 5s du Pont' is pttmotingttheir lew sine oxide => calcium carbonate paints for both idd-tes and tints even more actively than in proTitma -years 4, Basic Silicate Tfhite Lead 45 X seems to be satisfactory as a reactive load pigaemto 5,, Lead-zinc 'free stain-resistant jadatB contlnne to receive a -lot df Titanium Pigmeat jCorporation - 3arviU.o.- hew York Hhite Hoidee Pafflfe . (a) 54? Cooperative Series - Exposed June, 1951 Thifl series.paosiBta of a.group of paints selected by T?C and S= for ooopez^t^va<ta^bni^^UQ!^^^^4nforaaUre'.oooperatir6..sezie8 conclndsdijja' lA50o^''^iBihw^iUMVx^lisxp6Bod'in June, 3951 at Snyville by TPC " .^special reports no details need be in good condition at all locations aft^/.<me<y^^v^megpt,tthat at Sayvillo the lead containing ihi.tes with 62/18' Titanox: A/Titsnox BANC 'and 50/50 Titanox A/Titanox RCHT arc ;lightly grqy an the .aorths uith ettae mildew, Tha S-H buff and grey tint controls show -eoaewhat more fading than is desirable. 0007-SWP-045875 House PaintB 0 086 - 097. Exposed February, 1952 ,, This series covers comparisons of the 50% rutile titanium calcium pigment Titanox KCHT and the new 50% pigment Titanox C 50, Obviously, the exposures had not progressed far enough in Sayville to make it worth while to discuss detailSo However*, it is worth noting that the Florida set has started to chalk and sc far C 50 is chalking less than RHT,, fe) 1950 Commercial White Hanna PiHnte^ Exposed June, 1950,, This series includes a number of nationally distributed house paintB as wall as standard type paints such as lead-in-oil*, 60/30A0 bCVL/ zinc oxide/extender, 50/50 titanium magnesium/leaded zinc*, and 1S,8A57/ 55o5A7 Titanox A/Titanox AA/leaded zinc/extender The lead-in-oil has cleaned up fairly wall cm the south hut the north panel is gray0 The 60/30A0 paint is fairly dean on the south but Is showing spotty dean-up on the norths The other two pattern formulas perform like the ooanerdal multi-pleunt paints. Among the commercial paints S-* 471 Gloss Vhite shows a tendency to crack along the edge of the bevel sidings It was chalking at the same rate as Lowe Brothers' High Standard 528 Vhite on the south hut was a trifle whiter and ehenrtwg a trifle faster than the 528 White on the north, De-roe's 547 Vhite had an obviously gny east on the south and was definitely grey on the north, Patterson-Sargeut #218 was also definitely gny in cast. It is know that th^- use Titanox BA, which is too chalk resistant for a white. No special notes were made'on National Lead,, dn Pont*, ard, Sears, or Beniamin lfoore, (d) 1948 l White Sense Paints, Exposed June, 1948, A secies somewhat similar to (c), now 4 years old. As noted in previous reports, SWP is abosing a fine checking pattern on the south- but is 0So. on the north, Lasd-dnteil (5 boats as in ease of all but the one ooat house paints) is aLasfst donm to bare wood on the south, with little paint 14ft even an the north* Pittsburgh* 0 l->54 Vhite looks very nice on the south, while National Lead's 10 and 110 Whites lode good both south and north. Again, Devos's 547 Vhite looks grqr on the north and their One Coat House Paint (over TPG's xindess primer) is checking 00 the south and looks gny and is mildewed on the north. In another series put out in June, 1950, one coat over primer, the Pevoe pigmentation-of8*^v10^67S!f titanium caldnm/24% sine oxide looks grey on the north, A related-ooopoaition of 8,5% TiOa/61,! titanium nagnertui/gOoggt sine oxide lodes better. 0007-SWP- S- (e) 1949 White House Paints. Exposed January, 1949. The first group la this test carries 20% titanium oxide5 35% leaded zinc, 15% BCWL and 30% magnesium silicate. The second group is similar tut the 15% BGHL is eliminated and the leaded zinc increased to 50%,, Whan the Ti02 is nil anatase Titanox A the paints stay idxite tut tend toward fine check ing and cracking on the scutho If the 20% of TIO.j is divided equally beiweai A and RANG the durability is improved hut chalking isTretarded too much and the paint becomes grey end milderwB. In general., the removal of BCHL and in creased leaded zinc decreases dirt collection,, CfV 1948 Bhite Pnintn. Exposed June, 1948. The original pigaentaticm of 50% Titanox RCHT/50% leaded zinc col lected too much dirt, bat clean-up mas improved by the use of 5% Titanox A, Hheo the pigmentation was revised to 50% Titanox RCHT/40% leaded zinc/10% mag nesium silicate the paint became prone to mildew. And again this tendency was reduced by the use of 5% Titanox A. (In the writer's opinion this still Is not enough Titanox A, as proven by our Chicago north axpoenresc) The general appearance of the points at 55% PTC with a 25% Zj bodied oil vehicle is better then at 29% PTC with 0% Zg bodied oil-. Vhen the leaded zinc is replaced by lead=-free zinc oxide in & ftrne resisting plgxentation the higher FTC paints are less critical as to behavior when the zinc oxide is reduced and extender increased. In another 1948 series the Titanox A was increased and RSHT decreased, after which the zinc oxide was reduced successively by lowering the leaded zinc or zinc oxide, and extender was increased, as follows^ (1) 55% Titanox RGRT/10% Titanox A/45% leaded zinc/10% Mg silicate (2) 56% Titanox BCBT/lQ* Titanox A/40% leaded zinc/l% Mg silicate (5) - 55% Titanox RCaT/10% Titsuox A/50%zinc oxide/25% Mg silicate (4) 56%Titanox BCHT/10% Titanox i/^% zinc oxide/50% Mg silicate These paints were all at 55% FTC with 4=l/i pounds of oil per gallon, with 26% Zg bodied linseed. All the paints looked better than the series described in the previous paragraph, due to the higier anatase TiOh conteata Dirt collection and mildew increased an the north, going from (1) to (4). (g) Leed 8ilicate Honse Faint*. Exposed June, 1948. . j^'^.Thise'pminta were described in the 1961 report on page 10. The 15% TitaOox A/58i5% leaded slno/l&.7%^ BCHL/508% Mg silicate paint was compared with ;k- similar paint in which all the lead (solfate and carbonate) was replaced with an equal volume of 46 X basic silicate white lead. The paints were made up at both 29 and 55% FTCo All of the paints are still performing well, with lass cracking when basic silicate is used. OO07-SWF-O45877 0007-SWP-000115250 -4= Another group involves a pigmentation based on 35% Titanox H3HT/ 5% Titanox A/50% leaded zinc/10? Mg silicate,, in which the same variations were made as aboves with the same results, (h) Hw iim PAint.fl,, Exposed June, 1949, These are high opacity white house paints applied one coat over a 30% Titanox RCHT/40t BCHL/30% Mg silicate primer., the TPC paint is based on 25% RCHX/50% Titanox AMO/15% Mg silicate (they now recommend Titanox A 168 for better color and less erosion), Comparisons are made with De-roe' s One Coat House Faint, (Hidden's fhdnranee Imperial White and an unidentified one coat house paint with a pigmentation of 24o5% TiOa/34% titanium magnesium/ 41o5% zinc oxide. The Deroe paint shows its usual gr^ cast and susceptibil ity to checking. The Gliddzi one coat paint looks 0,K, bat shows some crazing. (1) Lead ad Zims-fm* Pwlnta. these paints were described on pages 11 and 12 of the 1951 report, the pigmentation consists of 5 pounds of TiOj per gallon, half Titanox HA 10 and half A 168, at 60% 110^40% Mg silicate at 39 F7C, At 1-1/2 years mid 2 years the peinta look good aelf-primed on new wood, being especially dean on the north and whiter -Qian conventional white house paints, bat with some evidence of mall alit cracks an the south, In the paints with 75% alkyd 25% Ghtorowax binder, Chloxovax 40 shows less chalk than Ohiotowax 70, In general, Chlorowax seems to develop chalk easily bat does not advance to ero sion, TiOg plum extender in linseed oil chalks quickly and advances to bed erosion - this is retarded if part of the oil is replaced with Chlorowax, These nan-reactive pigaant paints mist be protected with fungicides, and offer a great problm* when used to repaint conventional zinc containing house pedate. (j) Leed Free4BtlteHana^ p^"*-- Exposed June, I960, . ^ These paints are based an a pigmentation of 20% Titanox A 168/ 55% zinc oxida/22,5% Mg silicate/22ofl% calcium carbonate. The binders and P7C(s veto varied as foUovei Oil PTC 94% Refined Linseed - 6% Zj| Linseed 75% m -25% 0% m - 50% - 20% Mg Oil 75% m - 25% Za DriLsoy 45% m - 50% Refined Soya - 25% Z2 Linseed 45% - 50% Rrlaoy - 25% za Linseed 45% m - 50% - 25% Za Drlsay 75% ItaLaoy - 25% Zb Drlsay 29% 55 55 55 55 55 33 55 At the present time (two years' exposure) all these paints condition and quite similar, even an the north. 0007-SWP-045878 0Q07-SWP-000115251 (k) Tint Base Houae Painta,- Exposed June, 1949 These are 29% PVC tint bases with pigment 12% Titanox RANC/50% zinc oxide/58% extender in the first group and 12% Titanox RANC/50% leaded zinc/ 58% extender. The extaiders were successively magnesium silicate, calcium carbonate, domestic terra alba and barytes, The leaded zinc paints show slightly more chalk face than the le&d=free group. With zinc oxide magnesium silicate shows slightly more fading and mildews, barytes shows fair tint retention and terra alba is outstanding in tint retention Practically all such color differences disappear when leaded zinc is used. The same general conclusions hold at 35% PVC, National iiaii Pogpamr - Sarrille, Mew Tork Only & brief review was made of the National Lead and S-W coopera tive series of exposures evaluating 45 Z Basic Silicate White Lead in house paints. These have bear described in previous reports and cover three methods 'of substituting basic silicate and 12/88 leaded zinc for 35/65 leaded zinc in whites, and buff and grey tints? A, Zinc oxide replacement by equal poundage, lead by equal volume., Bo Maintain 55/65 load/zinc ratio, replace on total volume<> Go As B but replace on equal weight, adjust volume with extender^ As Author variatlona, the zinc oxide level was reduced from the regnlar,52%to 25 sad 20%, and in one special variation Azo ZZZ-53 was sub stituted for loaded zinc. A special report with photographs is available for loan to those interested. In general all the paints are performing well after 4 years of exposure^ and there are very few radical differences, Basic 1--J friii wu^ohromato M 50 A saeqple of this pigment has been submitted to ns on a acmieonfldentiai hade for evaluation as a Tost-inhibitive pigment. It iB a chroaarted-45 X dlioate pigment, made according to our understanding from 45 Z, chrcuicoxide and potassium chromate. The pigment is yellow, with vwiy <3n^paL-|jyfor tintdn'gjistreugth. . V.: of metalprlaers put out in 1959 shoved a chromated red. loed.^MgjampeKrior to zed lead in an aliyd metal primer. A basic chromated rad ioed mas evm better. Penal s put out in 1949 shoved chromated lead sUie&te` to bn etill batter, especially when not topcoated. We rill proceed with our own evaluation. Incidentally, National Lead does not reoamend 45 Z for metal primers. It is fair for aalt water immersion. Q007-SWP-045879 On June 27 we inspected the panel exposures and a few house tests conducted fcy the du. Pont Pigment Division at Newport and Wilmington., Delaware, As stated previously.,, the extreme heat made any datailed inspection impossible,, Some valuable information was obtained regarding their special mildew fence, their farm lay-out and the design and cost of erecting their new building, which will be useful in planning our new Chicago exposure farm, (a) White House Paints - It will be recalled from the 1951 report that we were interested in certain comparisons of various titanium pigments in so-called "high leadj," "low leadj,* and "no lead" formulations. Details of the formulations were given in the 1951 report. It should be kept in mind that the "high lead" formula actually carried 58% of lead pigment, and the so-called "low lead" formula (Ti-Sil) 17-1/256 lead. Some of the earlier observations still hold, Ti-Cal at the same Ti02 content is still cleaner than the paint with straight X-CR, Dirt col lection is aggravated as the lead content is reduced or eliminated. The high oil paints shorn generally poorer appearance and greater differences than the low oil paints (5,75 pounds of oil per gallon), (b) High TIP., Arman P1n-fc This group included several series of exposures of varying age. Fundamentally they consisted of paints In which, the TiOa content was increased progressively from 1,8 to 2,25 pounds of TiOa per gallon, and straight Ti-Pure FF compared with 50/50 blends of FF with T-CR, R-110 and Ti-Cal R-25, There also were blow!* of 80/20 FF and R-610, / lie general oonelnslans which mry be drawn from these series is that straigitFF shows the best self-cleansing, and that dirt collection on Slower chalking TiOa types is xedoeed when intermixed with FF, Self-cleansing is iaprovedLap the uoa content Is increased, 80/20 FF/R-610 is approximately eqoal to a 50/50 blend of FF/T-CR in resistance to chalking and washing, ; is reocamunded fbr intermix with FF to control chalking where washing has caused easterner ocnplalnt. Ho evidence is available as to dangers of Fallowing, (He have oar owa exposures covering chalking and washing,) (c) Two Coat avstens - A top ooat with the typical Ti-Sil pigmentation of 15% Ti-Pure FF/ 50% leaded alnc/55% Mgariltcate was exposed as two and three coat work self- prlmed,fa^.C!j%r ^roor^opnima^ primers. Special primers included 12-1/2/45/ 42,5jhnd;iE25/A5b6/54i2-:!Ti--i>ure R-610 leaded zinc/Hg silicate pigmentations /.;?i and Federsl Specification primer TT-P-25 where R-610 was used as the H02 b*; .content, 2 0007-SWP-045880 0007-SWP-000115253 ,,,7,, The conclusions after 4 and 5 years' exposure were about as expected,, Three coats, of course, were better than two coats and self-priming not el s good as using properly formulated special primers., A high biding (2 pounds per gal lon) R=610 primer lookB very good with a full film when topcoated, but naturally its hiding power might tempt the painter to spread it too far. The S~W 450 IJndercoater ia performing well, du Font concludes that leaded zinc in the primer aids in retarding erosion and mildew but makes the system vulnerable to blistering, fd) Low Zinc Oxide - Calcium Carbonate Paints du Pont is placing a lot of emphasis on this phase of their formula tion and exposure work. They feel that in the presence of alkalinity intro duced when calcium carbonate is used as the extender the zinc oxide content can be reduced sharply below conventional levels. Typical pignentations under observation may be grouped as follows, Pigmentation White Lbs. per Gal. tiOo ZnO Oil 15/50/55 Ti-Pnre F7/leaded zinc/Hg Billcate 1.27 2.76 4.25 12.4/41.5/46.5 20.1/11/68.9 17,5/41.2/41.5 25.1/10.7/84.2 II / / / / * /CaCOg " /* / / 1.27 2.76 5.76 1.82 0.65 5.66 1.80 2.76 5.79 2.56 0.65 5.62 16.9/55.4^49.7 /Adcular 2a0/ * 1.40 2.76 4.05 20.7/5.7/75.6 21.6/51/47.4 m / / m / / 1.65 1.92 0.50 5.65 2.76 5.95 25.8/5.5/68.7 m/ / 2.55 0.50 3.62 PVC 3[Lo6 41.2 45.1 40.5 45.7 55.5 45.4 57.8 45.9 the no, content was adjusted to hold hiding constant as the zinc oxide or leaded zinc was reduced, and all substitutions were at equal binder require ments. Series 11027 were exposed south and north vertical on August SO, 1950 and Series 11064 an. Anist 29/-1951. 0007-SWF-045881 0007-SWP-000115254 r~!&e=> Platan tatifis. White Lbs. ZnO/Gal. FTC 15/50/55 18.8/12c 7/68.5 Ti-Pure FF/leaded zine/Mg silicate / */ .76 0.56 31.6 a.7 11.5/38.5/50 "/ * / CaC03 2.76 44.8 13.1/8.8/78.1 ./ /- 0.56 47.4 These points were exposed in Series 8627 south end north vertical on March 11, 1949. Hiding power was not controlled, formulas are at equal, free binder. Gray or Buff PTC Pigmentation LbB. ZnO/Gal. f> 12.5/45/42.5 Ti-Pure R=610A*aded zincAg silicate 2.54 53. S i5.7A2.5/71.8 */ /m 0.56 32.2 11.2/26,4/62.4 * /Adcular ZnO/ CaC03 2.54 42.9 U.4/S.9/B2.7 / /* 0.56 47.4 da Pont believes that oalcLim carbonate extenders may permit a narked redaction in the sine oxide or leaded zinc content of shite or tinted house paints. We xnaommend caution in adopting suah pigeentations but some trials would be inoxdwr. One of the td.g prohletB eoold be to locate adequate supplies of satisfactory calnluM carbonate^Ba^to: be sure ef enlfozm quality, da Pont has had the moot experience with TdrkWbitlng from R* ft. Carrolls InOo Evi dently they prefer dry gromui ehitihg oTer eet gioaad aad aTDid precipitated types, Georgia Marble's Vo. 10 Whits and Tboapson-Vednaan's Hoi 1 White are satisfactory so fair bat test experience is non United. In gmiaxel, the low . *dnc oxide or leaded sdno-calcitm carbonate paints are performing well both in whites and tints* Whereas the low sine oxideHougnesinn jsllioate paints show eery bad Mildew in both whites and tints and poor tint retention, similar paints mads with caldun carbonate show good performance and good control of tint sod mildew. Actually in gray tints per formance is good all the^^~fitm-'2*<' to D'peMnds'of sine oxide per gallon,, while in the buffs there is sone^increase in mildew below 1-1/2 pounds per gallono Still lowerrZnO rdontenih^iay be etrtirely practical provided an aaxUiwiyfungicide such as phenyl morauy oleate is added. - * } 1. * *W . ('" Broeker* has suggested the following formlation for a second grade white end possibly even as an all paxposa white, since the T102 is 2/5 Ti-Pure 7 and 1/S B~610 A similar all R-610 guy prove to be a first dews tint base. We are checking. 0007-SWP-045882 0007-SWP-000115255 9- Pounds/100 Gale Gallon. Ti=Pure FT Tl-Pure R-610 Acicular ZnO ZZZ-55 York Whiting Soya lecithin Alkali. Refined linseed X bodied linseed 20 Pb naphthenate 6% Mu naphthenate Mineral spirits 100 50 ISO 650 5 268 -89 8*9 1*2 105 1425cl 3*08 1*45 3*20 28*78 0*58 54=78 11*20 0*93 0.15 15*87 100 This formula should be Hatched very carefully for Tutile yellowing as the caldim carbonate may accentuate this tendency* (e) Mildew Inhibitors da Pont is very high on phenyl mercury oleate as a mildew InhibitoTc They believe that it is aich more effective than Ad-It or our (2253) cresyl mercury naphthenate and since it costs less a notable saving cm be made. Ve are now testing a 10 solution of the oleate which ve obtained from the du Pont Organie Chmlcels Department* Other fungicides showing promise in their tests are phenyl mercury salicylate and cuprous oxide* The inhibitors were tested in amounts of l/2, 2 and 5$ by weight based on the total paint, using a 10AoAO/70 Ti-Pure FF/TL-i*are l^610Aeaded zine/Kg- silicate low oil paints the control is shoeing bad mildew after 1=1/2 yworn* exposure. ShirLm is fair bat off-odor, Copper-8 is fair at 2 and 6f but color is poor, Cunilate #40 is ineffective, phenyl mercnry salicyl ate is effective even at 1/2St (used in concentrated solnticn). Sven 556 of Ad-It is not as effective as l/& of phenyl mercury oleate* - ' Therm were some sets of pmals which were not examined due to the heate However, it was thought that the oondusions dram by da Pont might be of interest* It should be emphasised that we had no opportunity to confirm these conclusions* (f) Speelel Oils Ardol and Driepy shov exceUmt performance as house paint vehicles in expomres approaching six years* There are limited indications that calcium carbonate m*y be a preferred extender for soybean paints* 0007-SWP-045883 0007-SWP-000115256 -10- (g) Stain resistant paints One group of stain resistant paints were formulated with 52/48, 40/60 and 55/65 Ti-Puxe FF/Mg silicate, at a IVC of 5QS in various vehicles, and exposed in October, 1950 and March, 1951. The exposures were made with and without phenyl mercury oleate at 02 by weight of the total paint as a mildew inhibitor, du Pant's conclusions are that considering the relatively short exposure time Aroplaz 1271 offers most promise for lead-zinc free paints of high total solids (approximately 7Z<,5% by volume) with good brushing properties. Considering application characteristics, mildew inhibition, color and stall resistance, they recommend Asbestine 5 I as the most promising extender. (hi Bliater Resistance Considerable detail on du Font's blister resistance tests and their hlister test bouse is available in the report supplied us at the time of our visit. Ye did not inspect the test house an this call. Observations made last year appear an pages 7 and 8 of the 1951 report. du Font's presat observations are as followss 1. Paint compositions vary widely in blister resistance with special leadzinc pigmat free alkyd stain resistant type paints showing exceptionally good performance as tested on new woods <, Zinc oxide, used in this work as leaded zino oxide, is detrimental to the adhesion characteristics of certain films as tested under adverse moisture conditions. In this connection, however, a farther evaluation of the vehicle effect Is needed. 5s x Alkyd stain resistant type house paints eon be made tfiioh will show non ' permeabHiiy than regular house paint when used setLf-prlnedcn new used. 4s Zinc oxide, used In this work as leaded sine oxide, or white lead in a priwer serves to decrease the pemeabUily ef certain alkyd type top ceatSo 5. She application of an alkyd stain realstent type paint over a primer or first coat which carries leaded zinc oxide results in a marked decrease in pezmeabillly which may lead to severe peelings 6s High permeability results axw in the direction of superior blister realstance. Ts IVrouina to be demonstrated that alkyd stain resistant lype paints CsBi^iBadia wdildt will .retain permeability and chow no greater tendency toward-peeling mw regular bouse paints when used for repaint purposes under adverse molstare conditions0 Farther, the actual field perform ance of such stain and blister resistant paints is yet to be established. 0007-SWP-045884 0007-SWP-000115257 --ru Blister Ratings; Avg, % Effective BliBter Resistance Ho, Paint A Regular House Paint - self-primed 52 B Paint A over Fed, Spec, TT-F-25 (Rev,) Zindess T^pe Primer P=1 -- 72 C Paint A over a "Ti-Pure" R-610/55% ZnO/Mg Sil, type primer at 5556 P,V,,, P-2 65 D Same as C with primer at 4056 P,V,j P-3 71 E Aliyd Stain Resistant Paint I - saLf-prlmed 99 F *e * * II - 100 Adhesions So. E AlAyd Stain - Resistant Paint I 1/P-l E/P-2 * _ * Over Primer P-1 - Zincless P-2 - with 5556 ZnO F * II Bee, Avgo 56 effective blister realstanoe _s_ 99 E/P-1 86 EyP-2 62 F 100 Vet adhesion - "Scotch" tape - Spatula 100 96 8 4,1 47 2,6 100 6 Hotess Spatula rating -- resistance to separation of film from mood, 8 - Good 6 - Fair 4 - Poor 2 ~ Very Poor Dry panels all Bboved good adhesion, Avene* v*t adhesion rating based an 20 readings for the "Scotch* tape and 10 readings with the spatula. 0007-SWP-045885 0007-SWP-000115258 Permeability s ho* Paint A Regular bouse paint w E AUyd Stain Resistant p II Moo Self-primed Avg* Specific Permeability AE f *86 *87 1*07 Over TT-P-25A, P-4 Zincless *89 .62 .76 * " Replacing lead with 35% 2aQ, P-5 *75 o58 066 Notes Avenge of 5 readings* Method of test - Federation Standard 9-47 Official Digest Mo* 271, 479 (August, 1947)* Cogpoaltions AUqnft Staln Eeflistant Paint I 52/48 -m*PanF Pf/Mg Silicate In eO/ptal 2475 at 50% P,,V. ,, Allyd Stain Resistant Paint II 54*8/65,2 - Ti-PttW^/Mg Silicate in Ample* 1271 at 50% P.T. (1) Aabestofl fSfrtTtjrfl*. dnPont found that a Pliolite S-6 paint fozonlated with 20% H-Pure B-610 orB-lID60% baijrtes,10% Mg silieate, 10% nice In Fliallte S-6 plasti cized with Chinrpwax waatfceoaly oanpositian tested which shoved good porfonaanpe^a^Ef^ned < apbesto*i*faihgLeo The Pliolite paint and the Stain considered desirable for count veneer LAtiValyhigh In elkalinitr- Standard boose paints ComanceangTEy or regalar asbestos shinies (we do not inow isevare first weathered) * Exposures of latex and vinyl aaulaion ere in progress* 0007-SWP-045886 0007-SWP-000115259 =15= Ve only had time to examine "two dn Post test houses, with the following special comments north notings (j) Dome house<, This is an upper bracket house and garage in a rural setting. Prior to 1951 the owner complained of 'sashing of dn Pont #40 Vhite over the field stone lower walls within a year* The test paint vas applied in April, 1951 and consisted of a straight Ti-Pure R=610 white, with 1.7 pounds 1W510, 4.42 pounds of leaded zinc and 2.9 pounds Nytal 500 per gallon. Earlier this year the surface was showing some mildew. While the mildew has now disappeared it would hare been safer to hare added a fungicide. The house presents a rwy good appearance. However, it can scarcely be assumed that a straight R-610 TIQ3 paint would solve our washing problems, as the very dean, rural location makes dirt collection no prohian at all. (te) du Pont house. This house has been used for tests for several years and appears in previous reports. The most recent test was applied in November, 1950. The primers are based on Ti-Pure IU610 and include a zinecontaiuiug topcoat tint base type of formula (45? leaded zinc) and a revision of TT-P-2S, which is zlncless. The so-called *test paint* is conventional, with half FF and half X-CRTi03,, The specials Include two conventional leadfree (fUme-reststing) pigmentations with FF TiOs, with Azo ZZZ-35 zinc oxide in one Instance and Hew Jersey's XX-605 is the other. Another special has a pigaentation of 11,2* FF/LL.2* T-CH/52.7* leadsd zinc/24.9* Nytal 500, in which the Nytal was simply stirred in and 0.5$ Bheotol was added. There is also a lew zino-calcdum carbonate paint sach as was described under dn Pant (d). The pigmentation aondsts of 12.458 FF/12.4? r-fffi/lO.T* leaded zinc/64.3? cal cium carbonate at 45.4* PVG, This calculates oat to tw>-thirds of a pound of ziso oxide per gallon. All of the paints axe in generally good condition. The low zinc oxide - calcium carbonate point seems daansr then the Hytal paint, and the regular leaded zinc paint a trifle cleaner than the XX-503 paint. As usual, eveiy one did thair utmost to make our trip infomative and as pleasant as it was possible, considering the weather. MVLsAR M. VAN LOO Director of Paint Research 0007-SWP-045887 Paint Research Depto r September 29, 1952 progress Report on Exposures 16046-16116 C,,F du Poat-Sherwin Williams Cooperative Series of 1951 I7 V/- 1X1 Ii Purpose To oompare outdoor exposure results at our locations with those at Wilmington, Delaware, as exposed by the du Pont Pigment Divisiono Paints testing various Ti-Pure and Ti~Cal pigments in SWP White, Colonial Yellow and Westchester Gray were made by us. Somewhat similar formulations were made by du Pont, their accent being mainly cm variations in amounts of lead and rinc pigments aad the use of their bodied linseed oil versus ours. These paints were interchanged and both sets painted out and exposed by saoh. Paints Tested Sherwin-Williams paints tested are as follows? Group 1. Stale Resisting House Paints Paint Ho. TiOg Variation RB 3307R 3308R 3309 3310 Ti-Pure Ff /YCR 50/50 blend Ti-Pure YCR Ti-Pure FF/R-610 75/25 blend Ti-Pure f^Ti-Cal R-27 50/50 blend Group 2, Lead Containing Gloss White ; ,,Paint Ho. . TlOp. Variation SB-'5401 5312R : 3313 3314 Ti-Pure JF Ti-Pure tf/JCR 0/50 blend Ti-Pure IF/R-610 82/18 blend Ti-Pure FT/Ti-Cal R-27 50/50 blend Group 3. -vLpad Containing Tint - Colonial Yellow Paint No. RB;j3400Y RB -3402Y ... ' : , L7Y &Y TiOy - extender Ti-Pure'B-610 - Mg. eilioate Ti-Cal fi-60 - Mg silicate Ti-Pure R-610 - Ca carbonate Ti-Cal R-60 - Ca carbonate . ...... 0007-SWP-045888 0007-SWP-000115261 C) 2- = Group 4. Lead. Containing Tint - Gray Paint Ho. TiOp - extender RB 3400G RB 3402G RB 3317G RB 3403G Ti-Pure R-610 = Mg silicate Ti=Cal R-60 ~ Mg silicate Ti-Pure R-610 = Ca carbonate Ti"Cal R-60 - Ca carbonate The du Pont paints may be described as follows: Formula Description -- TTP-25a Primer - R-610/BCWl/BSWl/M'g sil. 1 Ti-Pure V?/35% ZnO/Mg sil. 1A ditto, but using S-W (310) 2 Ti-Pure Tf/&5% ZnO/Ca C03 3 Ti-Pure Vf/YCS/zsfr ZnO/Mg sil. 3A Ditto, but using S-W (310) 4 Ti-Pure fj/lCfy^Acio. ZnO/Mg sil. 4A Ditto, but using S-W (310) 5 Stain, resistant Ti-Pure Tf/Ug sil. C/206 Colonial-Yei1ow Ti4^^^p^4oic. Zn0/Ca:003 /206A DJttpW^r4i8ing S-W;(310) 207 Ti'-Pure *R-610/ao io. ZnO/Ca C03 Gray/Jlnt-" 106 Ti-Pure fk-610/Acio. ZnO/Ca C03 106A 107 Ditto,. Using S-W (310) }> ~ i*t.,**, Ti-Purl^-616/Aoio. ZnO/Ca 003 .V' -V5-`; ; . y r' . Lb/Gal. 1.27/4.24/2.97 1.50/2.55/59 9 .90/. 90/4.24/2.58 .96/.96/2.76/2.99 2/3.7 1.2/2.64/6.61 1.4^/1.00/7.36 1.2/2. 64/6.51 1.42/1.00/7.36 0007-SWP-045889 0007-SWP-000115262 =3= Preparation and Exposure The paints are tested on cedar bevel siding as follows: 1. The left l/3 of each panel a control using Rex 450 SWP Undercoater (with one exception) plus SWP Gloss White or the appropriate tinto 2c. The center l/3 of each panel Rex 450 plus a test painto 3c The right l/3 of each panel the test paint self-primed. 4. All prime coats spread at 450 sq. ft- per gallon; all topcoats at 550. 5. Our tests have been exposed at Florida, vertical south, for 12 months and at Chicago, north and south, for 13 months.. Summary of Results Most paints are performing well and there is no indication of film failure except microscopic oheoking on some tints at Florida. This is a phenom enon which has been occurring on our Florida panels for several years; it seems to vary with the formulations, and careful examination of the readings below is suggested. We would hesitate to draw any. oonclusions so early but tints with Ti-Cal and calcium carbonate seem to aheok most at present. Also, our regular tints .are showing relatively bad chalk masking at Florida and dirt collection on Chicago north exposure. The du Pont tints seem considerably better in color but definitely subjeot to mildew at Florida. The most important thing to report at this time is that an error apparently iras made in our painting. Due to the presence of bad mildew on the guldes^only^of several :Fl.orida';panalsii:(ld081r-9F, beginning of the du Pont ;|id^^@^^^jpooial-oh>ip]p|iwasvinadai;;and^^aBM-f?9nd.that we could not positively idismmfi^r;':?ii>e paints actualiy.-.used. qn'viTMss"9|paaels.' .'One system was supposed to oar^;^B4;rTIP-26a BinoIoBB-'ji'imer andfmighlfihave^ accounted for the differences in mi-ldeW<> "'Sinoe wo are`not sure of oorroot original application, we are plan ning-to-r-epeat this part of the series, the du Pont white paints (see R. R. Bruhh's , letter to .Dr. W. G. Vannoy, October 1, 1952). 0007-SWP-045890 0007-SWP-000115263  4- Bxamination Results Examination at IP. Months, Florida Panel >io0 Guido 16046 RB Do script!on Ho. Rex 450-471, all FF Left 1/3 *3401 Chalk 9 Check 10 Crack Fade 10 Guide Dirt Dirt -- 47 450-pr. Rex 436 3307H 8 50/50 FF/YCR Seme, self-primed 3307B 8 A C Rex 436, all YCR 3308R 7 10 10 66 10 10 Guide def. 6 6 yellow cast. Dirt largely mildet-?. 10 1(T 7 (3 50 self-primed 3308R 7 10 10 77 si 25/75 R-610/T? 3309 6 10 10 67 52 self-primed 3309 6 10 10 69 53 50/50 FT/R-27 3310 6 10 10 67 54 self-primed \ 55 Bex 471, all ff (as guide) 56 self-primed 3310 3401 3401 6 9 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 67 5 (3 56 Gen. .App. r S' f; 7 r> c 7 8 7 7 6 6 57 50/50 rr/rcB. 3312B 6 10 10 7 88 58 self-primed 3312B 6 10 10 7 88 ' 59 82/18 IF/R-610 3313R 6 10 10 6 38 60 self-primed 61 50/50 FF/R-27 62 eelf-primed 9313 .. 6; 3514 6 3314 6 10 10 10 10 10 10 6 88 5 88 5 38 Colonial Yellow Guide Bex 465 over 450 16063 R-610 4 Kg ail. 34001 7 10 10 2 oa) 2 64 Same, center 3400Y. 7 10 10 2 8 82 65 self-primed 66 B-60 4,11k Sil. 67 self-primed 63 R-610 4 .Ca 00 3 3400Y 7 3402Y 9 3402Y 9 3317Y 10 1 10 6m 10 5m 10 10 10 2 5 5 7 8 8z 7 44 V - mildew 7 33 a 66 0007-SWP-045891 0007-SWP-000115264 o 5 Panel No. 16069 Description self-primed RB No, Chalk 3317Y 10 Cheek 10 Crack 10 70 R-60 f C 003 3403Y 8 ?23 10 71 self-primed 3403Y 8 7m 10 Chelsea, Gray 16C72F Rex 474 over 450 R-610, Mg sil. 73 Same, center 3400G 3400G 74 Self-primed 3400G 75 R-60 i Mg sil. 340 2G 76 R-60 4 Mg sil. 3402G 77 R-610 4 Ca C03 3317G 78 R-610 4 Ca C03 3317G T 7 7 8 8 9 9 10 10 10 1010 10 9m 10 7m 10 10 10 10 10 79 R-60 4 Ca COj 80 n n 3403G 3403G B 8 &a 10 4n 10 du Pont Samples 16081 Guide same as 16046 81FA Same, hut TTI^25a primer 82 ZiiO/Mg over.spec. 83 Same, self-pr. 84 ditto, but <>ver 460 85 Self-primed 5401 3401 #1 #1 1 1 9 10 10 not listed 6 10 10 6 10 10 7 10 10 7 10 10 86 As ^1 hut S-W (310) 8? Self-primed 1A 1A 88 As #1, hut Ca CO5 2 6 10 10 6 10 10 7 10 10 89 self-primed sof-fiit/ra^zno ;:Kgvl. 2 3 7 10 10 6 10 10 Fp.de 6 i> 4 2 2 2 5 4 6 5 5 4 Guide Dirt 8 8 8 * 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 5 Dirt f 6 7 CJDP 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 7 6 7 6 7 5 6 6 Gfliin 6 5 4 2 2 C i 4 6 5 5 4 4--6 4-6 6 7 6 7 6 7 5 6 6 0007-SWP-045892 0007-SWP-000115265 6 . Panel No. Description 16091 Self-primed 92 As #3, but S-W f310) 93 Self-primed 94 Tl/YC^/Aeico ZnO/Mg silo 96 Self-primed 96 As $4, but S-W (310) 97 Self-primed 98 Stain Resist, 10Ig sil. 99 Self-primed 16100 \ 01 As 16098, but TTP primer Self-primed Colonial Tellow Guide Sex 465, 16102 as 16063 03 du Rant's with R-610 over 450 04 Self-primed 06 As 206 but S-W (510) 06 Self-primed 07 As 206, but defo -Mwer ZnO 08 Self-primed Chelsea dray Guide As 16102, but 16109 Gray 10 As 16103, but grey n. As.%16104, 'but (pifil6105, but `gray RB Guide Gan Wo,, Chalk Cheok Crack Fade Dirt Dirt A?P 3 6 10 10 566 3A 7 10 10 666 3A 7 10 10 666 4 7 10 10 677 4 7 10 10 6 7 7 4A 7 10 10 577 4A 7 10 10 56 6 5 6 10 10 555 5 7 10 10 53 3 5 6 10 10 644 5 6 10 10 633 3400Y 7 206 10 206 10 206A 10 206A 10 207 10 207 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 2 -- 2 8 73 4 8 73 4- 8 744 8 744 7 724 7 72 4 3400G 7 106 10 106 10 106A 9 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 2 --" 2 8 533 8 535 7 8 5 -4 S'!'I 0007-SWF-045893 0007-SWP-000115266 Panel Ho. 16113 14 16 Description As 16106, but Gray As 1610?, but Gray As 16108, but Gray SB Ho. 106A 10? 107 Chalk 9 10 10 Che ok 10 10 10 Crack 10 10 10 Pads 7 8 8 Guide Dirt 8 8 8 Dirt 4 3 3 Gen, App, 3 3 3 r 0007-SWP-045894 0007-SWP-000115267 Examination at IS Months, Chicago Panel Ho. Guide 16046 RB No. Gloss 3401 0 SOUTH Chalk Pads 6 Gen. Dirt 66 P- $ Gloss 0 47 3307R 0 8 88 0 48 3307R 0 8 88 0 49 3308R 0 7 8 8 -0 50 3308R 0 7 a8 0 51 3309 0 7 88 0 52 3309 0 7 88 0 53 3310 0 8 a8 0 54 3310 0 8 88 0 55 3401 0 6 66 0 56 3401 0 6 66 0 57 3S12& 0 6 88 0 68 5S12B. 0 6 88 0 59 3513 . 0 6 77 0 60 .3313 0 6 77 0 61- '3314 0 6 88 0 62- 3314 0 6 88 0 Colonial Yellow 16063 S400Y 0 64 65 0 64 3400Y 0 64 65 0 66 8400Y 0 64 65 0 ;'66av 6,S_ 4s 02Y Sjl02T -,`..68- '^3317Y 2 2 2 76 76 76 66 56 66 3 3 3 69 S317Y 2 76 56 3 HOB IE Chalk Fade 6 8 8 7 7 7 7 8 8 7 6 7 6 7 6 7 6 76 75 75 B6 86 98 98 Dirt 4 6 6 7 7 7 7 6 6 4 4 7 7 6 6 6 6 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 Gen. App. 4 6 6 7 7 7 7 6 6 4 4 7 7 6 6 6 6 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 0007 -SWP- 045895 0007-SWP-000115268 Panel No. 16070 hb No. Gloss 3403Y 2 71 3403Y 2 72 3400G 0 73 3400G 0 74 3400G 0 75 3402G 2 76 3402G 2 77 3317G 2 78 5317G 2 79 3403G 2 60 3403G 2 du Pont Samples Guide 16081 3401 0 b ia 3401 0 82 #1 0 83. #1 0 0 85 ` #1 -88- ' 1A 0 0 87 11 0 88 2 1 89 2 0 90, 5 0 s. ..... 0 ofa' - r . . .^92- 3A 0 95 3A 0 SOUTH Chalk Fade 76 76 84 84 84 76 76 77 77 77 77 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 8 8 7 7 6 6 Gen. Dirt -APP 5 fi 5 6 66 66 66 56 5S 56 56 55 56 66 66 88 88 77 88 88 a8 77 77 88 88 88 88 Gloss 3 ,3 0 0 0 2 2 3 3 2 2 NORTH Chalk Fade 86 86 76 76 76 87 87 98 98 87 87 jeno Dirt App 44 44 66 66 66 55 55 45 45 43 43 0 806 06 06 07 07 07 06 28 08 07 0 707 06 44 44 77 77 66 77 77 77 66 66 77 77 ?7 77 - --- 0007- SWP-045896 0007-SWP-000115269 S00TH Panel B.B No. No. Gloss Chalk 16094 4 0 6 95 4 0 6 96 4A 0 6 97 4A 0 6 r90 5 0 "b 99 5 0 6 16100 5 0 .8 01 Guide 16102 5. 3400T 0 1 8 7 05 206 2 8 04 206 2 8 OS 2 06A 2 9 06 206A 2 9 07 207 2 9 08 Guide 16109 207 3400G 2 0 9 7 10 106 2 .8 11 106 2 8 12 1064- *% " _ 13 106A ' 1 1 7 7 14 107 2 8 IS 107 2 8 -10- Fade Dirt 8 8 8 B 8 8 6 8 46 76 75 75 75 6 '5 65 46 7S 6S 75 65 76 65 Gen. App. 8 Gloss 0 80 80 80 80 8_ 0 80 80 62 62 62 65 63 62 62 S1 6S 63 62 62 63 63 JTGR2H Chalk Fade 7 6 7 6 8 8 8 8 75 98 S8 9B 88 97 97 76 98 98 88 88 98 98 Dirt . *pp 77 77 77 66 77 77 7? *7 7 43 4S 45 45 45 45 4S 66 46 45 4S 34 45 4 5 There Is>o oheoking,. oracking erosion. 'V*' " 0007-SWP--045897 0G07-SWP-000115270 Formulas Involved SUP fladercoater RB 3322 Pounds Gallons Material 100 2077 250 20 240 511 120 18 142 2174 3 547 3/4 . 28 14-1/2 (5094) (2) (310) 4 1-1/2 1-1/2 25' ' (141) (901) (543) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 13.73 - A 13.76 Viscosity 14" 9 75 deg,. on #3 -11= SUP Fume Resisting White - SB 33Q7R Pounds Gallons Material 100 1403 Ti-Pure TF Lot 5748 100 Ti-Pure YCR Lot 92245 290 2059 288 20 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 3 1-1/2 2 1-1/4 4 14-1/4 (5096) (543) (2231) (2236) (141) (348) Wfc ofOalo - T 13.29 - A 13.33 Viscosity 25" 9 75 deg . on #3 Feme Ee sistine White - SB 3308E Pounds Gallons Material 200 Ti-Pure YCR lot 92245 290 2059 288 20 ,452-3/2 19 (2) (510) 5 1-3/2 2 1-3/4 .4 14-3/4 5096) (643) (2231) (2236) (141) (548) Wt./Gal. - T 15.29 - A 13.33 Viscosity S3" 76 dog. cm #3 SUP Fme Resisting White - RB 3309 Pounds 126 42 314 290 Gallons Material 1403 Ti-Pure W 2174 Ti-Pure K-610 20 2069 32-1/2 19 (2) (510) 3 1-3/2 2 1-1/4 4 14-1/4 (8096) (843) (2231) (2238) (141) (348) Ht./Gal. - T 13.22 - A 13.27 Visoosity 29" 9 75 deg. on #3 0007-SWP-045898 0007-SWP-000115271 -12- fume Re si sting White - RB 3310 Pounds Gallons Material 74 1403 Ti-Pure IT 246 2132 Ti-Cal R-27 75 1989 112 20 290 2059 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 3 1-1/2 2 1-1/4 4 14-1/4 (5096) (543) (2231) (2236) (141) (348) Wt./Gal. - ? 13.48 - A 13.44 Viscosity 28" 75 dog. on #3 SWP Gloss White - RB 3401 Pounds Gallons Material ' 170 200 200 325 1403 - 412 1424 20 Ti-Pure KF 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) -- I-3/4 (901) 5/8 (643) 4 (141) 16-3/4 (348) ^ta/G&2 - T 14.25 - A 14.22 Viscosity 50 G 75 dog on SWP Gloss White - RB 53125 Pounds Gallons Material 35 1403 Ti-Pnre W lot 5748 85 2030 Ti--Pure YCR lot 9 2245 200 412 200 1424 325 20 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) ... 1-3/4 6/8 4 16-3/4 (901) (643) (141) (548) Wt./Gal. - T 14.26 - A 14.29 Viscosity 25" A "75 deg. oa $3 SWP Gloss White - REf 3313 Pounds Gallons Material 30 2174 Ti-Pure R-610 140 1403 Ti-Pure IT 200 412 200 1424 325 20 32-1/2 19 00 ^ (310) 1-3/4 5/8 4 16-3/4 (901) (545) (141) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 14.26 - A 14.24 Yieooeity 29 76 deg. oa $3 0007-SWP-045899 0007-SWP-000115272 -15- SWp Gloss White - HB 3314 Pounds Gallons Mater ial 250 20 176 2132 - Ti-Cal' R-27 100 1403 - Ti-Pure FF 200 412 200 1424 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 1-3/4 6/0 4 15-3/4 f90l) (543) (141) (348) Wfco/Galft -- T 14.46 - A 14.53 Visoos ity 28" ft 75 deg.> on #3 SWP Tint Ba so - BB 3400 Pounds 440 137 325 Gallons Material 412 2174 20 1/2 32-1/2 19 (5094) (2) (310) 1-3/4 3/4 4 17 (901) (643) (141) (5027) irt-/Gal. - t 14.58 - A 14.37 Visoosity 19* ft 75 deg. on #3 Tint Base - RB 5402 Pounds Gallons Material 440 412 525 Ti-Cal fi-60 - new aample trcm Pig. Division 200 20 3/2 52-3/2 19 (5094) (2) (510) l-i/4 5/4 4 18 (901) (645) (HI) (6027) Wfc./Gal. - T 16.00 r A 15.06 Tieoosity 50* ft 75 deg. on #5 0007-SWP-045900 0007-SWP-000115273 Pounds Gallons Material 440 412 137 2174 375 566 1/2 32-1/2 19 (5094) (2) (310) 1-1/4 3/4 4 14 (901) (543) (141) (5027) Wt./Gal. - T 14.65 - A 14.66 Viscosity 17" ft 75 dog. on #3 Pounds Gallons Material 440 412 325 Ti-Cal R- 60* 230 566 3/2 32-1/2 19 (5094) (2) (510) 1-1/4 3/4 4 11 (901) (543) (141) (5027) irto/Gal > - T 15.10 - A 15.08 Viscosity 30" ft 75 dog. on #3 *Wew approved sample - lot 2469 S~ 11053. Paint #1 Pounds Gallons Material 127 424 297 518 107 12.2 1.6 126 jm.i 3.92 8.65 12.60 40.90 13.88 1.25 0.20 19.20 w.'ss Vi-Pure fy Cofumed 35# Leaded ZnO liagnesim Silicate Alkali Refined Linseed Oil "X" Bodied Linseed Oil 24# Lead-lSaphthenate 6# Mh HAphthenate Mineral Spirits 4.2 2.2 0.48 0.27 Soya lecithin Spanoer Kellogg Speoial M-25 L.O Wt./Gal. - 14.13 Con8i8tenoy - 83 K.U. FVC - 31.6# 0007-SWP-045901 -15- S-11053 - Paint #1A Pounds Gallons Material 127 424 297 344 81 12.2 1.6 126 3.92 8.65 12.50 44.24 10.04 1.25 0.20 19.20 Ti-Pure ft Cofumed 3S% Leaded ZnO Magnesitsu Silicate Alkali defined Linseed Oil S-W Bodied Linseed Oil 24^ Lead Naphthenate 6% Hn Naphthenate Mineral Spirits 1412.8 100.00 4.2 0.48 Soya Lecithin 1.4 0.17 Speneer Kellogg Special M-25 L.O. Wt./Gal. - 14.13 Consistency - 83 K.U. PTC - 31.6% S-110S5, Paint #2 Pounds Gallons Material 150 255 599 269 91 10.3 1.4 107 4.64 5.20 26.66 54.66 11.34 1.06 0.17 16.27 li-Pare Yt Coftjaed 33% Leaded ZnO Natural Ground Mbiting Alkali Refined Linseed Oil "Z" Bodied Linseed Oil 24J5 Lead Naphthenate 6% Ifn Naphthenate Mineral Spirits 1482.T 100.66 5.0 0.57 Soya Lecithin 1.8 6.22 Speneer Kellogg Speoial M-26 L.O, Wt./Gal. - 14.85 Consistency - 82 Z.U. PTC - 44.$ 0007-SWP-045902 0007-SWP-000115275 -16- S-1105S - Paint #5 Pounds Gallons Materiel 90 90 424 258 318 107 12.2 1.6 126 2.78 2.78 8.65 10.86 40.90 13.38 1.25 0.20 19.20 Ti-Pure KF Ti-Pure YCR Cofaned 35^ Leaded ZnO Magnesiim Silicate Alkali Refined Linseed Oil "IB Bodied Linseed Oil 24# Lead Naphthenate 6% Mn-Maphthenate Mineral Spirits 1426.8 100.00 4.3 0.49 Soya Lecithin 1.8 0.22 Spencer Kellogg Speoial M-l Wt./Gal. - 14.27 Consistency - S3 K.TT. PVC - 31.6# f S-11063 - Paint #3A Pounds Gallons Material 90 90 424 258 344 81 12.2 1.6 126 2.78 2.78 8.65 10.86 44.24 10.04 1.25 0.20 19.20 Ti-Pure F? Ti-Pure TCH Cofumed 35^ Leaded Z'nO Magnesitm Silioate Alkali fiefined Linseed Oil SIT Bodied Linseed Oil 24# Lead Naphthenate 6/b Mn Kaphthenate Mineral Spirits 1426.8 100.00 4.3 0.49 Soya Lecithin 1.4 0.17 Spencer Kellogg Special M-25 L.O. Wfc./Gal. - 14.27 Consistency - 83 K.O. P7C - 31.6# 0007-SWP-045903 0007-SWP-000115276 -17- S-11055 - Paint #4 Pounds Gallons Material 96 96 276 215 335 113 12.7 1.7 133 2.97 2.97 5o91 9.05 43.22 14.13 1.31 0.24 20.20 Ti-Pure T Ti-Pure YCR Aoicular ZnO Magnesian Silio&te Alkali Refined Linseed Oil "I" Bodied Linseed Oil 24% Lead Naphthanate 6% Mn Kaphtheaats Mineral Spirits 1278.4 100.00 3.4 0.39 Soya Lecithin 2.1 0.26 Spencer Kellogg Special M-! Tffc./tralo - 12.78 Consistency - 83 K.U. JVC - 26.8# S-11053 - Paint Pounds Gallons Material 96 96 276 215 363 85 12.7 1.7 135 2.97 2.97 5.91 9.05 46.70 10.64 1.32 0.24 20.20 Ti-Pure W Ti-Pure TCE Aoicular ZnO Magnesium Silicate Alkali defined Linseed Oil S-TT Bodied.,Linseed Oil 2$C Lead Haphthonate 6^ Mn laphthenate Mineral Spirits lfiKDC" 3.4 0.39 Soya Lecithin 2.7 0.33 Spencer Kellogg Special M-25 L.O. Tft./Gal. - 12.78 Consistency- 83 K.U. JVC - 26.8% 0007-SWP-045904 0007-SWP-000115277 -18 S-1105S - Paint #5 Pounds Gallons Material 200 370 424 10.6 2.1 148 24 6.18 15,60 50.78 1.09 0.26 22.57 3.52 Ti-Pure FF Magnesium Silioate Aroplas 1271 24% Lead Naphthenate 6% Cobalt Naphthenate Mineral Spirits lOJ? Solution Phenyl Hereury Oleate 1178.? 100.00 Wt./Galo - 11.79 Consistsnoy - 84 S.U. PTC - 3$ S-11053 - White Base Paint for #106 and #206 Pounds Gallons Material 120 254 551 283 94 10.8 1.4 112 3.43 5.44 24.52 36.47 11.75 1.11 0.17 17.11 Ti-Pure fi-610 Aeioular ZnO Natural Ground Whiting Ba Linseed Oil "I* Bodied Linseed Oil 24^ Lead Naphthenate 6j In Naphthenate Mineral Spirits 1426.2 V: -4.6' 3.6 100.00 o;53 0.43 Soya Leoithin Spenoer Nellogg Special M-26 L.O. t./Gal.- 14.26 Consistency - 83 K.TT. PTC 80ji 0007-SWP-045905 0007-SWP-000115278 -19- S-11053 - White Base Paint for #106A and #206A Pounds Gallons Material 120 254 551 305 72 10.8 1.4 112 3.43 5.44 24.52 39.30 8.92 1.11 0.17 17.11 Ti-Pure R-610 Aoioular ZnO Natural Ground Whiting Raw Linseed Oil E-W Bodied Linseed Oil 24# Lead Naphthenete 6# Mi Naphthenate Mineral Spirits ,,1426.2 100.00 4.6 0.53 Soya Lecithin 3.9 0.48 Spencer Kellogg Special M-25 L.O. Wt *>/G&1 * - 14.26 Cons istenoy - B2 K.U. PVC - 40.8# S-11063 - White Base for #107 and #207 Founds Gallons Materiel 142 100 736 259 87 9.9 1.3 103 4.06 2.14 32.75 33.33 10.90 1.02 6.16 16.64 Ti-Pure H-610 Aoioular ZnO Natural Ground Whiting Saw Linseed Oil "I* Bodied Linseed Oil 24# Lead Naphthenate Naphthenate Mineral Spirits 1438.2 100.00 4.9 0.56 Soya Laoithin 1.9 0.24 Spenoer Kellogg Speoial M-25 L.O< Wt./Gal. - 14.38 Consistency - 83 K.W. JVC - 46.8# N> * 0007-SWP-045906 0007-SWP-000115279 TT-P25a Type Primer Pounds 122 230 230 338 170 206 9.9 1.3 165 1472.2 Gallons 3.49 4.07 4.33 14.21 21.90 25.60 1.02 0.16 25.22 100.00 Matarial Ti-Pure R-610 BCWL BSNL Magnesium Silicate Raw linseed Oil Z-2 Bodied linseed Oil 24# lead Naphthenate 6# Mn Naphthenate Mineral Spirits 3 0.40 RL-80 Bodying Agent Gal . 14 o 7 2 Consistency - 87 K.U. P7C - 35.46# Amount of Tinting agents added to the white bases for the Grays and Buffs Paint No Grays 106 106A 107 206 Yellows 206A 207 Tinting Pastes Used Amount added to 100 gallon of white base Pounds of Sienna Paste Pounds of Blaok Paste 9ol 10 8.5 4.7 5 4 69.6 78.5 73.9 Less than 1 a dn' Pont i. Sienna Pigment Vehiole 64# 56# Raw Italian Sienna 60 Silicates. 40 Linseed Oil 100# 100# du Pont lampblaok Pigment Vehicle 26# 74# Pigment 100# Carbon Vehicle- 100# Linseed Oil JTICtls 0007-SWP-045907 0007-SWP Paint Research Dept September 30, 1962 ftrogrees Report on Exposures 16934-58 C,F St. Joseph Lead Ccmpany Cooperative Series Purpose To compare a number of -white house paints using -serious sine oxides in both lead-free and lead-oontaining formulations. She aeries inoludea Rex 471 SWP Gloss White as a lead-containing type and both Rex 436 SWP 'Pune Resistant and St. Joseph's submitted samples as lead-free types. The sine oxides involved are: American Zino's Aso ZZZ-S3 and ZZZ-85 New Jersey's Horsehead XX-592, -603 and -50 St. Joseph's Green Label #17, 40 and 42 Preparation and gxposure The two companies exchanged the paints described above and painted out a complete aeries for exposure. Our series is on oedar bevel siding, primed with Rex 460 Undercoater and also as self-primed (both on one panel). The tests havs been exposed 12 months at Florida, vertical south, and ths same at Chicago, south only. We have had no report on the progress of the St. Joseph series at Josephtown, Pennsylvania. Summary of Results Chicago panels at present show no diffsrenoes exoept very minor ones in ohalklng and past ratings stow nothing worthy of comment, as ths panels have been quite uniformly satisfactory in all reapeet. Florida tests, however, do show some differences in mildew .formation (along, with normal dirt oollootlos) and in aiorosoopie checking. Gn the whole, the St. Joseph paints show somewhat more mildew then either S-W groups As may be seen from the readings below, certain zinc oxides eould be picked as showing least or most mildew in any one group, but the tendency is not confirmed in the other groups. . The oheoking notqd,.ia:^a. very tiny micro.pattern. St. JosephA2 and Aso ZZZ-55 - show the most of 'tSiiT'ihebkiiig In 6imviead-^eearmula/*lrau^#42 Beams satisfactory in the St. Joseph group of paints. We would hesitate to say that the .checking at present,; other than on the 2, samples mentioned, is serious enough-to-marrant definite conclusions. 0007-SWP-045908 0007-SWP-000115281 Examination ReetfLts Examination at 12 Months, Florida Panel No. Description RB Guide No. Chalk Check Dirt Dirt* Gen. App. Guide 15934F Reg. Rex 450-471 3208 7 10 -- 6-7 Rex 436 Ttame Resistant O.WB Guide a si. yellow oast 35A With ZZZ-33. 3200 7 10 7 7 7 Over Rex 450 B Self-primed 3200 7 10 77 36A With XX-503 3201 7 10 7 7 7 B self-primed 3201 7 10 7 7 7 37A With XI-50 3202 6 10 7 " 7 7 B Self-primed 3202 6 10 7 8 8 S8A With XX-59 2 3203 6 10 7 6 6 B Self-primed 3203 6 10 7 5 5 39A St. Joe #17 3204 7 10 7 7 7 B Self-primed 3204 7 10 7 6 6 40A St. Joe #40 3205 7 10 7 6 6 B Self-primed 3206 6 10 7 6 6 41 A St. Joe #42 3206 6 10 6 5 5 B Self-pr imed 3206 6 10 6 5 5 42A' 'ZZZ-65 3207 6 10 6 5 5 B Self-primed 3207 6 10 6 . 5 5 Rex 471 SUP Gloss White 15943A As guide, using 3208 7 10 6 6 oo-funad B Self-primed 3208 7 ID 6 6 44A Mechan1oa1 mix. 3209 6 10 7 6 with . ' B ^Self-primed 3209 6 10 7 6 6 6 6 6 *Dir-fc, especially if lower than 7P is mostly mildew. 0007-SWF-045909 0007-SWP-000115282 5- Panel So. 15945A B Description With XX-603 Self-primed RB So. Chalk 3310 IT 7It Gheok 8m 6m Guide Dirt 5 6 Dirt 5 6 46A With XX-60 B Self-primed 3211 It 6 6 6m 5 6m 6 6 6 47A With XX-692 B Self-primed 3212 n 6 6 9m 6 8m 6 6 6 40A St. Joe #17 B Self-primed 3213 ft 6 6 9m 6 6m 6 6 6 49A St. Joe #40 B self-primed 3214 3214 6 6 6m 5 6m 5 4 4 50A St. Joe #42 \ B Self-primed 3216 3216 6 6 3m 6 2m 6 6 6 51A ZZZ-5S B self-primed 3216 3216 6 6 3m 6 2m 6 6 5 St. Joseph Paints (load-free) 15952A Using ZZZ-33 B Self-primed 53A XX-605 B. Self-primed 7 7 7 7 9m 5 9m 5 10 6 10 6 4 4 4 4 54A XX-50 ' B Self-primed 55A XX-59 2 B Self-primed 6 10 4 3 6 10 4 3 7 10 6 4 7 10 6 4 Gen. App 5 5 6 6 6 6 .6 6 4 4 5 6 5 6 4 4 4 4 3 3 4 4 0007-SWP-045910 0007-SWP-000115283 -4- Panel No. Description 15956A Sto Joe #17 B Self-primed 57A St. Joe #40 B Self-primed 58A St. Joe #42 B Self-primed BB Guide No. Chalk Check Dirt Dirt Gen. App. 6 9n 6 4 4 6 8m very tiny 7 8m 6 6 4 4 4 4 6 8m 6 4 4 7 9m . 3 3 6 9m 6 3 3 Ho oracking on any panels. no appreciable erosion 0007-SWP-0459U 0007-SWP-000115284 -5- Eiaminatlon at 12 Months, Chioago Panel No. Guide 15934 25A B S6A B 37A B' 38A B 39A B 40A B* 41A B 42A B ~43l B 44A B 45A .B . -46A B RB Mo, 3208 3200 3200 3201 3201 3202 3202 3203 3203 3204 3204 3206 3205 3206 3206 5207 5207 5208 3208 3209 3209 3210 3210 3211 3211 Gloss 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 "o 0 0 0 0 *0" 0 Chalk 6 Broe'n 9 Dirt 7 Gen . 7 9 98 8 8 98 8 9 98 8 9 9 ~8 8 8 98 8 8 98 8 7 98 8 7 98 8 8 98 8 8 98 6 7 98 8 7 98 8 8 98 8 8 96 8 8 98 8 8 98 8 7 98 8 6 98 8 8 98 8 8 98 8 7 98 8 7 98 8 7 98 8 7 98 8 0007-SWP-045912 0007-SWP-00011 -6- Ptnel No. 15947A E 4BA B 49A B 50A B 51A B 52A B 53A B 54A B 55A B 56A - -N .B 57A B 58A B RB No. 5212 3212 3213 3213 3214 3214 3215 3215 3216 3216 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- Gloss Chnlk Rros*n Dirt Gen. App. 0 79 8 8 0 79 8 8 0 89 8 8 089 8 8 079 8 8 0 7 9 __ 8 8 089 8 8 0 79 8 8 0 79 8 8 0 79 8 8 089 8 8 089 8 8 089 8 8 079 8 8 089 8 8 0 '7 9 8 8 0 79 8 8 0 79 8 8 0 89 88 0 79 88 089 88 0 79 88 08 9 88 079 0 8 0007-SWP-045913 0007-SWP-000115286 Formulas InYolTed SMP Wrae Resisting Mhite - RB 3200 Ptronds Gallons Material 100 1403 100 2030 290 Azo 53 288 20 28-1/2 19 (2) (310) 3 1-1/2 2 1-1/4 4 18-1/4 (5096) (543) (2231) (2236) 141 (348j 1ft/Gal - T 13.29 - A 13.38 Viscosity 46" 75 #eg. on #3 -7- SMP Puae Resisting Mhite - RB 3201 Pounds Gallons Material Same as RB 3200 except using New Jersey XX 605 Mt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.26 Viscosity 35" 75 deg. on #3 SMP Pume Resisting Mhite - RB 3202 Pounds Gallons Material Sana as RB 3200 exoept using Hew Jersey XT--SO Mt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.33 Visoosity 42" 76 deg. on #3 SMP Pane Resisting Mhite - RB 3203 Pounds Gallons Material Sana as RB 3200 exoept using How Jersey XX-592 Mt./Gal. - I 13.29 - A 13.31 Viscosity 32" 75 dag. on SUP Etna Resisting Mbits - RB 3204 Pounds Gallons Material Sana as RB 3200 axoept using St. Joe #17 Mt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.33 Viscosity 56* 75 deg. on S 0007-SWP-045914 0007-SWP-000115287 -8- SWP VUme Resisting White - RB 3205 Founds Gallons Material Sane as SB 3200 exoept using St. Joe #40 Wt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.30 Viscosity 55" 75 deg. on #5 SWF Fume Resisting White - RB 3206 Founds Gallons Material Same as RB 3200 except using St. Joe #42 Wt./Gal. - A 13.36 Visoosity 55 4 1/8 UP SSp Itane Resisting White - SB 3207 Pounds Gallons Material Same as SB 3200 exoept using Aso 55 Wt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.30 Visoosity SO" & 75 deg. on #5 \ SWp Gloss White - RB 3208 Pounds 276 75 150 200 200 Gallons -- 1---------- Material 20 2132 1403 412 1424 32-1/2 19 (2) (810) 1-3/4 5/B 4 16-3/4 (901) (43) (141) (348) Wt./Gal. - A 14.25 Viscosity 25" 875 deg. on #3 SWF-Gloss White - RB 3209 Founds Gallons Material 276 20 75 2132 160 1403 306 Azo 33 94 18 Vehiole sane as RB 3208 Wt./Gal. --:T 14.29 - A 14.30 Viscosity 44* 75 deg. on #3 0007-SWP-045915 0007-SWP-000115288 SWP Gloss White - RB 3210 Pounds Gallons Material 276 20 76 2132 150 1403 306 New Jersey XX-503 94 18 Vehicle Bane as BB 3208 Wt./Gal. - T 14.29 - A 14.3 Viscosity 31* 0 76 deg. on #5 SWP Gloss White - BB 3212 Pounds Gallons Material 275 75 306 ' 94 150 20 2182 New Jersey XX-592 18 1403 Vehicle sane as BB 3208 Wt./Gal. - T 14.29 - A 14.29 Viscosity 36.6" ft 75 deg. on #3 9. SWP Gloae White - BB 5211 Pounds Gallons Material 275 20 76 2132 160 1403 306 New Jersey AX- 9 18 Vehiole sane as BB 3208 Wto/^ll 9 - T 14.29 - A 14.20 Viscosity 29.2" ft 75 deg. on #3 SWP Gloss White - BB 3213 Pounds Gallons Material 275 20 75 2132 306 St. Joe #17 94 18 150 1403 Vehiole sene as BB 3208 Wt./Gal. - T 14.29 - A 14.31 Visoosity 34" ft 75 deg. on #3 SWP Gloee White - BB 3214 Pound! Gallons Material a, 276 76 306 94 150 20 2132 St. Joe #40 18 1403 Vehicle Bene aa/BB 3208, . Wt./Gal. - f 14.29 - A 14.28 Visooeity 64* ft 76 deg. on #3 (v. 0007-SWP-045916 0007-SWP-000115289 SUP Gloss White - 2B 3215 Pounds Gallons Material 275 20 75 2132 306 St. Joe #42 94 18 150 1403 Vehicle sane as SB 3208 Wt./Gal. - A 14.27 Viscosity 52" # 75 deg. on #3 10- SKP Gloss White - RB 3216 Pounds Gallons Material 275 20 75 2152 306 Azo ZZZ-55 94 18 160 1403 Vehicle sane as SB 3208 Wt./Gal. - A 14.35 Viscosity 51" 75 deg. on #3 SUP Underooator - SB 3271 Pounds 100 250 240 120 142 3 Gallons Material 2077 20 511 18 217$ 547 3/4 28 14-1/2 (6094) (2) (310) 4 1-1/2 l-l/2 26 (141) (901) (643) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 13.75 - A 15.60 Viscosity 14.8" 76 deg. on #5 We have no formulas or description of the paints submitted by St Joseph, other than a statement of the sine oxide used in each, which is typed with the Florida readings (above). JWCsls 0007-SWP-045917 0007-SWP-000115290 Faint Easearch. Dept. J. W. Chapin November 26, 1952 Progress Report on Exposures 15592-15405 F, C lao Phthallo Aoid in Alkyd Formulation8 Previous Eeport -- November 9, 1951 ForpoBe lb test an iso phthallo aoid alkyd varnish in taro formulations, SUP Ardmore Green and Earn Bulletin Blue-Green. Ihis is a teat of varnishes, not colors, end the latter should not be emphasised. The Oronite Chemical Oanpaay has done considerable -work on iso phthalie aoid, and Dr. J* A* drTin felt that their material held oensideralle promise. Paints ^Tested BB 3110 SB 3115 BB .3112 BB 3111 - He* 416 Sj|P Ardmore Green, regular* 20 gal. of (4106) alkyd Same, but BC 7365 for (4106) Earn Bulletin Blue-Green, regular* 62 gal. (4106), 14 gal. (4100) Same, but BC 7856 replacing (4106) C. 7566 is a (4106): made with iso-phthalio aoid fireac Cfrdntte Chemical Company.in,plaoe of the glyceryl, phthalate* She eharaoteriatios of this varnish aS' Sudh nere essentially thesameas those ef ..iifjMloirtng are two paints added to this series by Hr* Jagd,.sinos 4^f^jg88B^LtdTphtttalio. aoldrSoybean alkyd oil fro* Qronitevitte^&ioh he was th*:BC 7565* - 7 <hrii9B P'- Bo* 416, regular, saae as BB 3110 QJ 499 P --- Sans, but using 17-l/g gal.'#522S8-B in plaoe of (4106) Preparation and Exposure the si* paints were exposed in two ways* ' {a) Qji galTishised 8 * 24" panols.priaedswith. E2 A C2EemG A*G Priaer,jjsrposed 45. (Bse of S2 A C2 was an error, Galvite vraetlntSEdeav),. *<!: ' ! Y:"` Pr^m8^ with Bex 460 Ohdercoatef, 0007-SWP-045918 Due to delays in shipping Florida panels (twice) and the very reoont Chicago readings, the exposure times are now 21 months at Chicago, 12 months at Florida* 5he wood panels at Florida were retired at 6 months; the Florida steel panels will now be retired. Summary ol* Results The previous report stated that (a) the resins involved seemed equivalent, all satisfactory; (b) fading in the Kem Bulletin, though not particularly bad, was serious because it indicated a *walking-outn of 12106 Hansa Tel low; and (c) very bad white ehalk-maak fading characterised the Hex 416 SWP Ardmore Green tests. At the present stage, the Florida (steal) panels show no film failure nor any variations in gloss or chalking which would indioats poor or superior performance of the speoial resin. The Chicago panels also show it to be equivalent to the regular alkyd. Again the Kem Bulletin Blue-Green shews very serious fading, ob viously a lose of yellow as the oolor is now a straight blue instead of blue-green. However, this full alkyd formula, as might be expected, ie rated somewhat better In eppeeranoe than the Hex 416, beoauee of (l) much better retention of gloss and sheen, (2) less dirt, (s) absenee of white ohalknask (not strictly true at Chioago) and (4) better resistance to erosion. It should bs re-msphaiized that the main purpose of the test was to evaluate the iso-phthalie acid alkyd. The final oonolusion to date, therefore, should bs that the perfermanoe of this material is satisfactory. The Chisago panels will continue an test. 0007-SWP-045919 Examination Results Examination at 12 Months. Florida Panel RB Ho. Description Ho. 6 x 24" GalTita G 4 G Primer 15392F Earn. Bull. Keg. 3112 (4106) at 52 gal. 93 SC 7355 iao-phth&lio 3111 acid alkyd for (4106) 94 STTP Ardaora Groan 3110 rag* 20 gal* (4106) 95 Being HC 7356 3113 GJ 96 Eeg. Ardmora, as 498P 15394 97 17^ gal. Oron ita 499P alkyd Gloss 4 4 1 1 0 0 Chalk 8 8 8 8 7 7 Cheek 10 10 10 10 10 10 Crack Rust 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 10 Fade 2* 1* 2 2 1 1 Dirt S 6 4 4 3 3 Sen. App, 4 3 2 2 1 1 Clangad fro* blua-graen to straight bins. 0007-SWP-045920 0007-SWP-000115293 4- Examla&tion at 21 Months, Chioago Panel No. Description Galvanized Iron 13392 Sane as Florida No. RB 3112 Gloss 4 Chalk 7 Check 10 Crack 10 Eros 'n 9 Fade 4 Dirt 5 Gen. 5 93 3111 4 7 10 10 9 355 94 3110 2 7 10. 10 6 554 93 3113 2 7 10 10 6 S 5 4 OJ 96 498P 2 7 10 10 6 5 5 4 97 499 P 2 7 10 10 5 5 5 4 Douglas Fir 15398 as 15592, but on eood 99 as 16395, sp. 15400 Is 15394, SMP 3112 Sill 3110 4 4 2 7 7 7 10 10 9 10 10* 9 10 10* 5 45 5 46 5 35 3 01 IS 15395, speo. 3113 2 7 10 10 5 45 3 02 as 15396, s mp 498P 2 7 10 10 S 45 3 03 is 15397, sp. 499P 2 7 10 10* 6 45 3 Serious piteh exudation on these 3, nuoh less on others* Does not imb to he a function of -ttie Tehiole. 0007-SWP-045921 0007-SWP-000115294 Formulas Inrolrod Kan Bulletin Blue-Green - SB 3112 Pounds Gallons Material 15 12105 22 CP 1057 96 2174 60 2188 6 1128 50 (4106) 4 (4230) e (548) 22 14 1 3/2 1/2 1 17 (4106) (4100) (4231) (4232) (2236) (6096) (348) Tft./Gal. - A 8.99 Viscosity 28" A 76 dag. on #5 SUP Ardaore Groan Mb 3110 Pounds Gallons Material 176 1* 21 100 16 8 \ 12 3/2 3/2 B 25 2188 11184 11186 412 CP 594 1128 (648) (6094) (2233) (2) (310) 20 5 1 3/2 3/2 17 (4106) (4230) ( 648) (4232) (6026) (348) Wt./Gal. - A 10.06 Viscosity 20* A 76 deg. on #6 Korn Bulletin Blue-Green - BB 5111 pounds Gallons Material Same as BB 3112. exoept using 52 gallons of BC 7355 1ft./Gal. - I 8.92 - A 8.93 Viscosity 54" 0 75 deg. on #3 SUP Ardaore Groan - RB 6113 Pounds Gallons Material Sane as 55 3110 exoept using 20 gallons of BC 7365 WU/Gal. - A 10.06 iseosity 21" A 76 deg. on ^5 0007-SWP-045922 0007-SWP-000115295 JWCils STtP Ardmore Green - OJ 498 P Pounds gallons Material ai formula exactly same as RB 3110 1ft./Gal. - A 9.75 Tisooaity 21" 76 deg* on #3 SUP Ardmore Green - OJ 499 P Founds Gallons Material Same as (XT 498 P exospt 17-1/2 gal* 622S8 alkyd sad 19-1/2 gal. (S49) Wt./Gal. - A 9.80 Tissoslty 18" 76 deg. an #3 0007-SWP-045923 0007-SWP-000115296 Inspection Trip Exposures - Titanium Pigment Corporation National Lead Company du Pont Pigment Division June 27, June 30, July 1, 1955 General Statement On June 27 Mr. Fasig and the writer inspected some house tests of emulsion paints in Ocean City, New Jersey, as guests of the du Pont Pigments Department. On June 30 we inspected several house tests, largely of emulsion paints, in Wilmington, Delaware, and some panel tests, all under the supervision of the du Font Pigments De partment. On July 1, we inspected panel tests of Titanium Pigment Corporation at Sayville, New fork, as well as a few panel testa pre pared by the National Lead Company at the same location. This report can cover only the highlights and very general observations made during such a large number of inspections. Because of current interest in emulsion paints, the majority of the time was spent inspecting such finishes, which left less than the usual time to examine exposures of solution type exterior paints. Certain general observations will be of interest. Our inspec tions left us with a very conservative opinion of exterior emulsion paints. There still is an obvious lack of a sufficient variety of exposures of sufficient duration to prove up any exterior emulsion paint. There were a relatively large number of failures observed, indicating that considerable care must be exercised in the selection of the latex or emulsion, in the selection of the formulation, in the surfaces painted and in application if a reasonable proportion of suc cessful Jobs are to result. It will be noted that du Pont Elvacet 81-900, one of the most widely used polyvinyl acetate emulsions, has shown some serious failures. The same is true of some other polyvinyl acetates. In limi ted tests. National Starch's 12 K 51 has looked equal to Rohm and Haas' acrylic emulsion AC-55. AC-55 in general has shown good possibilities. Therefore, our selection of 12 K 51 and AC-35 for exploratory house tests and limited marketing appears justified. We cannot refrain from remarking that producers of solution type house paint binders rarely base claims of ultimate performance on exposures of less than one year and usually much .longer. In the case of emulsion paints there is no minimum at which exposures are shown. More testing and more time is required to get a real perspect ive. Other paint manufacturers who have gone into the market pre maturely with exaggerated claims for exterior emulsion paints may have done the paint industry a considerable disservice. 0007-SWP-045924 0007-SWP-000115297 SEP 2 0 1955 -2- du Pont is facing for the first time a problem which we also may encounter. Prior to house tests on emulsion paints they have never had to pay out any money to owners of tost houses due to faulty per formance of their test paints. Same of their ELvacet 81-900 houses are failing so badly that something will have to be done about them. If aandhlasting is required it will be very expensive as there are no commercial sandblasters in the vicinity who would handle house jobs. In the case of emulsion paints on bevel siding they do not know how they can remove the paint in any practical, inexpensive manner. as a final general comment, it Beams to the writer that we should try out the du Pont "mildew" type of test fence, which does not permit the wash from one panel to fall over the next panel below. This would be a major expense if we later decided to convert all our fences, so we should try it out first. As usual, we were shown aveiy courtesy and received complete cooperation from du Pont, Titanium Pigment Corporation and National Lead Company. du Pont Pigments Department - Ocean City Exposures As stated earlier, the afternoon of June 27 was spent inspect ing house tests of exterior emulsion paints in Ocean City, New Jersey. We were accompanied by Jack Broeker, Dr. Vannoy and Mr. McCrea of the du Pont Pigments Department. Highlights of the individual house tests follow; McCrea house First floor cement block, second floor vertical wood panelling. Previous paint Vesco's X-tite on cement hlock, USI 1271 alkyd paint front and roar on wood,and sides conventional oil paint on wood. Repainted July, 1954. AC-53 acrylic paint on cement block front, AC-55 and Elvaeet 81-900 PVAc paints on blocks, wood and galvanized gutters west side. The emulsion paints wore pigmented 90/10 Ti-Pure R 6L0/FF* One coat work was used. The AC-35 paint is in definitely better condition than 81-900. The 81-900 paint has mildewed, shows erosion and intercoat peeling. FAD fungicide added to the 81-900 paint caused some discoloration. All the paints showed some peeling from galvanize, less with AC-33 than 81-900. On the south side (street side) the USI alkyd paint with straight FF Ti02 with no reactive pigment is in good condition on the wood surfaces after two years. It shows no washing over black shingles. An acrylic paint was applied last July on the cement block only and still is satisfactory. The north (sea side) was ju3t repainted, using AC-53 paint on the cement block and the 1271 alkyd paint on the wood except that cm oil paint was used as the ceiling paint under the sun deck. 0007-SWP-045925 0007-SWP-00011 -3- The first floor cement block utility room vas painted with a light green AC-53 paint three years ago and is still in good condition, although drenched with salt spray at times. Living quarters on the first floor test a white acrylic paint and a Green Gold 81-900 paint. This house should be kept under observation to determine the progress of paint performance. McCrea test fence - Ocean City _ Mr. McCrea has a small test fence on filled land at Ocean City. The oil paint panels have been on exposure over two years, the emulsion paints more than one year (13 months). An alkyd zinclass paint mildews on the south side, but the mildew is controlled when phenyl mercury oleate is added. A 90/10 610/FF 81-900 paint self-primed and over conventional primer, also 75/25 610/FF plus mica in this location look quite good. AC-33 with all FF Ti0a has eroded off yellow pine entirely. All 610 Ti02 in AC-33 at 20 and 30^ PVC looks O.K. so far with no choice of PVC to date. On old repaint panels the AC-33 paint is cracking and has mildewed while the 81-900 paint is O.K. (both 13 months). On the north, a 50/50 610/f-CR pigmented acrylic looks white compared with TO/50 and 80/20 com binations of the same titanium oxides, du Pout's "All-Purpose" 610/low Zn0/CaC03 oil paint is gray and an 81-900 paint looks slightly gray. Clement house This is a Spanish style brushed stucco house, painted two. years ago with an all FF Ti02 AC-33 paint on the front of the house and with an 80/20 610/FF AC-33 paint on the rear half. In 1954 the portion painted with the straight FF Ti0z acrylic paint was chalking very freely, so it was repainted. This time it was repainted with a straight 610 TiOz AC-55 paint tinted with Green Gold, The portion of the house previously painted with the free chalking FF paint used up twice as much paint as the rear half painted with the 80/z0 610/FF combination and brushing was much harder. The current paint is fading over the old FF portion, practi cally no fading over the remainder. It may be that the FF chalk was worked into the new paint and has accelerated chalking and fading. There is a rear wooden open stairway where the steps and risers are notched out of 2 x 12" timbers. Naturally the notches cut across the grain so there is considerable end grain exposed and moisture can move through. The stairs were previously painted with an oil paint. 81-900 PVAc paint on one side of the stairway has peeled almost completely from the notched areas. An AC-33 paint on the other side shows no significant failure. On the other hand, on the underside of an open sunning deck, an AC--33 paint is peeling from the timbers which were previously painted with some kind of an oil paint. This points up one of the problems in using exterior emulsion paints - some are satisfactory on some surfaces, but they do not seem to have the tolerance or versatility of oil paints. More formulation and exposure work is required. 0007-SWP-045926 0007-SWP-000115299 Loder house Of limited interest pending longer exposure. Weathered cement asbestos shingles also painted vith an AC-55 610 TiC^ paint tinted with Green Gold, as on the Clement house. Painted one year ago, apparently still in good condition. On a rear addition there are a variety of paints compared. No special differences now - should be checked later. Grone house ~~ This house is in a location relatively open to salt water exposure and has given trouble on the bay side whatever paint was used. It is of cement block construction. Bondex and oil paints came off quickly. Two years ago this house was painted with one coat of a gray AC-35 paint. The side facing the bay again peeled, so this spring this side was scraped and repainted with the same paint. It is already show ing lifting along some repaired settling cracks. In general AC-53 paints looked better than the Elvacet 81-900 paints in Ocean City. The 31-900 paints seem to lack adhesion to other surfaces and between coats of 81-900. AC-53 looks better in this respect, but the Grone house suggests that AC-35 is not perfect. Wilmington Exposures - du Pont Pigments Department As stated earlier, most of the time in Wilmington was spent looking at emulsion house paint tests. Since even this time was limited we purposely looked at problem houses, and we must take Dr. Vannoy's word that on other bouses Elvacet 81-900 looks quite good. However, these latter exposures are still of relatively short duration. Cole house A stucco house painted in May, 1954 over a chalked oil paint. The test area on the east face measured "wet" when painted. In general this house is shaded but the test area (south east) gets the morning sun. White oil paint was used on most of the house. The test area compares Pliolite S--5 paint versus PVAc 81-900 paint using 90/10 610/FF Ti02 pig mentations. The Pliolite paint is showing a yellow-brown cast and copper staining. *The 81-900 paint does not stain from the copper screens. Where there are building cracks the PVAc paint shows more tend ency to lift or pull away from the cracks. Actually old breaks have not opened up -through the Pliolite paint. Somewhat the same shows on tests on the rear of the house (north east). Regular oil paints carrying titan ium as 50/50 FF/610 and I-CK/ELO are in good condition but the PVAc paint is pulling away from the building cracks. 0007-SWP-045927 0007-SWP-000115300 -5- Savyer house This house is brick for the first story, wide bevel siding on the second floor. This is a two coat repaint as of June 1955 over old oil paint UBing Elvacet 81-900 pigmented with 75/25 B10/FF far titanium. This is too much free chalking anataae. On the front of the house (north) directly under the eaves the PVAc paint lost adhesion to the dirty, pro tected oil paint and had to be retouched. On the wood surfaces the 91-900 paint is showing more checking, cracking and flaking than would be expec ted of an oil paint. It is peeling some from the brick and there is some rusting on the downspout. On the rear of the house it is evident that there have always been some moisture problems. The PVAc paint in some places has peeled away from the old oil paint. In some cases it seems that the emulsion paint lets the moisture through to the old oil paint and it continues to fail. Where the old oil paint has blistered or peeled off and has been retouched, blisters have not reappeared. On the east side the PVAc paint is cracking on the wood siding and peeling from the brick. Steinbring house This house has always been a problem house due to moisture, aggravated by an attached greenhouse. A fair amount of blistered old oil paint was turned off and some Midget Louvers were installed before repainting with a 80/20 610/FF Elvacet 81-900 paint, two coats, in October, 1954. The PVAc paint is not peeling from the burned areas but there is much peeling and evidence of lack of intercoat adhesion else where. There is intercoat peeling on the garage. On the concrete sur faces of the greenhouse comparisons were made of Pliolite, PVAc 81-900 and acrylic AC-33. All are O.K., the Pliolite the whitest, the AC-35 a trifle gray and streaked. ' Humphrey house This house is more or less a repetition of the other house tests. Both brick and wood surfaces previously painted with oil paint were repain-bed in May 1954, two coats white, comparing an 80/20 610/FF Elvacet 81-900 paint with a conventional oil paint. The PVAc is cleaner and brighter tut again shows some peeling, either from the substrate or intercoat. This applies to both wood end brick surfaces. 0007-SWP-045928 0007-SWP-000115301 -6- Knotts house This house was painted in September 1951, after considerable of the old oil paint was turned off because of bad peeling. The paints used in the 1951 test were a non-reactive pigmentation in Aroplaz 1271 using straight FF Ti02 and magnesium silicate at 30J6 PVC with 0.2$ PMO added, and an 80/20 FF/610-leaded zinc-magnesium silicate oil paint at 51.4$. Both were used two coats self-primed. The alkyd paint is whiter and shows less dirt collection than the oil paint. Both the alkyd and oil paints again show some peeling, but the alkyd paint has not peeled where the old oil paint was burned off. Clark house This house is of wood and brick construction previously painted with oil paint. It was painted in October 1955 using coral paints (tinted with iron oxide). The paints included a bodied oil paint at 39.8$ PVC using R 610, zinc oxide and calcium carbonate, and an alkyd non-reactive pigmented tint base using R 610 end magnesium silicate at 50$ PVC, with 0.2$ PMO added. In the earlier stages of exposure the alkyd col lected less dirt. At this point the gloss on the two paints are about equal, with a slight edge for the alkyd. The regular oil paint now shows better tint retention which may be due to less retained chalk faco. The non-reactive pigmented alkyd paint shows no copper staining from the screens, the zinc containing oil paint does. The regular oil paint shows some peeling toward the top of the chimney. We inspected a limited number of the panel aeries at the du Pont Newport exposure farm. The highlights of these observations follow: White hmiRft Twin-ta - High TiOo content. "One Coat" Blends for chalk retardation. < The 11211 and 11220 series were exposed in September and Octo ber 1953 as washing tests using a black painted board at the bottom of each single Vertical group of white panels, with a red brick wall built up from the ground to the bottom of the fence. The paints were mads at equal free binder substitution starting with 4.25 pounds of oil with the base pigmentation of Ti02, leaded zinc and magnesium silicate. Various titanium oxides and combinations were used with Azo ZZZ-53 zinc oxide and International's Asbestine. Ti-Pure FF, washes both south and north. 80/20 FF/610, still washes but also some mildew. 75/25 FF/610, " " " " 50/50 FF/610, still some wash but definite mildew. Ail R 610, only one not washing, no mildew as has fungicide added. Color not as white as above. 0007-SWP-045929 0007-SWP-000115302 -7- If the semi, non--chalking anatase Y-CR is used instead of FF: All Y-CR + inhibitor, washes 50/50 y-CR/FJV bad wash 2/l Y-CR/R 610, some control of washing, very slight mildew on north. Y--CR does a slightly better job of controlling chalk wash than FF. The I-CR paint with one-third of the-5PiOE as R 610 and normal zinc oxide with magnesium silicate controls wash quite well. If a change is made to calcium carbonate extender and straight R 610 the paint i3 gray on the north exposure with slight mildew, with no wash. This, of course, would be considered as a tint base, not a white. A I-CR/ZnO/ calcium carbonate paint looks quite good now tut ultimate durability has not been proven. Mildew Inhibitors We inspected a number of series on mildew inhibitors. We will give same detail but will also combine some observations to reduce read ing time. In a series 11145 put out in April 1953 the paints were exposed north vertical and the control paint with no fungicide has bad mildew. Agents tested include 0.05, 0,2 and 0.556 Hg as phenyl mercury oleate -or Super Ad-It or Butrol 8. All required 0.2 or 0,5% Hg, with definite improvement at 0.256 but still some mildew at 0.5% Hg. Vancide 89 was tested at l/2, 1, 2 and 5% on the weight of the paint. 2 and 5% look good but would be expensive. We get checking if we use too much Vancide 89. In another group, 2$ Vancide 89 controlled mildew for a while but mildewed later. Certain experimental fungistatic oils prepared by A-5-M show Incorporation of the mercury into the oil molecule is no more effect ive than adding phenyl mercury later. In one serieB now four years old 1/2, 2 and 5% of a 10% solu tion' of FMO now shows mildew at even 5%, suggesting that the phenyl mer cury oleate may volatilize or leach out of the film on long exposure. Phenyl mercury salicylate at 2 and 5% looks good but would be very ex pensive. A paint carrying 4-1/4 pounds of leaded zinc showed no mildew if FF TiOa was used but mildewed with R 610 Ti02. Calcium carbonate replacing magnesium silicate reduced mildew. In an inactive pigmentation clay is associated with mildew as is magnesium silicate, even with 12/ worth of TWO (02j6). However, when a half pound of zinc oxide is used with the clay plus 12/ PM0, clay is much superior. Therefore, a good colored clay which would produce gloss paints could be interesting. 0007-SWP-045930 0007-SWP-000115303 du Pont has found as others have that cuprous oxide is out standing as a fungicide when used from 2 to 5$ of the weight of the paint. They are playing with the idea of using smaller amounts of Cu-,0 in whites and tints as color will permit, then supplementing with other fungicides not completely effective by themselves. They have used from 0.1 to 0.3$ Cu20 plus Butrol with fair results but still en counter some mildew. Ve must introduce a wold of caution. SWP Flat White and tints with Ctl20 develop brown streaks on exposure in the Weather-Ometer. Normal outdoor exposures have not been out long enough to verify this. Ve have encountered particles of metallic copper in our cuprous oxide. du Pont has a tint series consisting of twelve different white tint bases, which are tinted with (l) lampblack, (2) raw sienna, (3) zinc yellow, (4) PC Green, (5) PC Blue and (6) parachlor red. An R-610./leaded zinc/magnesium silicate paint mildews unless 0.2% FMO is added. An R 610/ 2-1/2 pounds zinc oxide/ calcium carbonate paint shows better color reten tion and with FMO mildew is controlled much better, '/hen the zinc oxide is reduced to 1-1/2 pounds or l/2 pound the mildew problem becomes more severe. A lead-zinc paint of 1927 vintage shows severe fading when the parachlor red is used. There is some suggestion that higher lead causes more fading. An Aroplaz 1271 point looks good at 30% PVC tut not as good at 20% PVC. A PVAc with 2 pounds per gallon of R 610 at 19.6k PVC is not a good white (mildews) but makes a good tint base. Rather uniquely, two coats of this PVAc tint base holds a good pink color using parachlor red, but shows some indication there will soon be some film failure. du Pont makes the following supplementary remarkB: "Our tests indicate that mildew growth may be retarded by the following materials. 1. Zinc oxide 2. Calcium carbonate 3. Phenyl mercury and pyridyl mercury compounds. 4. N-trichloromethylthiotetrahydrophthalimide (NTCM). 5. Cuprous oxide, sailcylaniTide and copper-8-quinollnolate (poor color). 6. Glycerine, diphenyl, chlorinated phenols and chlorinated paraffin," 0007-SWP-045931 -9- Titanium Pigment Corporation - Sayville. M. if. Titanium Figment Corporation has no house tests hut we were impressed with the thoroughness of their panel exposure program of testing exterior emulsion paints. It is true that all of their emulsion paint tests are of relatively brief duration. However, we have the bene fit of seeing these tests at this point and Frank Smith has premised to give us an interim report late this fall. Individual series may he reported as follows: Sherwin-V't 1 liaran Cooperative Series Both TPC's find S-V's panels hare been retired after four years' exposure. This cooperative series will, be described in a separ ate report. Commercial Paints A. 1950 series 3 coats self-primed on cedar and white pine. These panels were examined briefly and comments appear only where paints show definite or unusual failure. X. 100:5 BOWL - typical failures of lead-in-oil. 2. 60/30/10 3CWL/7nO/fixtender - gray, checked and cracked. 5 . 50/50 titanium magnesium/leaded zinc. 4. 13.3^ Titanox A MO/13.T% Titanox M/55.53 PbZn/17? Mg Silicate - better than 50/50 formula above. ' 5. National Lead Bright White #110 - O.K. 6. SWP 471 - more erosion than 4. 7. Devoe #547 - very yellow (rutile yellowing). 8. du Pont #40 - equal to 4. 9. Fatterson-Sargent #218 - mildews. ID. Montgomery Ward Super #75-1. XL. Benjamin Moore #100. 12. Sears #143 - slightly yellow but perhaps best in series. 0007-SWP-045932 0007-SWP-000115305 -10- B. 1951 series Also three coats self--primed over cedar and white pine. 1. White lead in oil - characteristic check. 2. 60/30/10 BCWL/ZnO/fectender - checked. 3. 50/50 titanium magnesium/Laaded .zinc - O.K. 4. 15.8* Titanox AA/13.7* Titanox A Mo/55.5* leaded zinc/ 17* Mg Silicate - O.K. 5. Lowe Brothers - fellow cast, some cracks. 6. Montgomery Waid #75-l-Uhite, some cracks. 7. Sears #143 - White. 8. du Pont #40 - White. 9. SWP 471 - White, some cracks. 10. Devoe 547 - very yellow, poor condition. 11. Benjamin Moore - some cracking. 12. Pittsburgh - yellow. Actually all the 1951 series show same cracking. White house paints - Additions of rutile oxides Painted June 1952 two coats self-primed on cedar and white pine siding. This is a rather complex series. Rather than describe each pigmentation in detail, we believe it would suffice to mention certain trends. A 20* Titcnox A MO/50* FbZn/50* Mg silicate paint is white and clean tut shows erosion, checking and cracking. If either 13* RA 10 or 10* RA is used replacing that amount of A MO there is evidence of rutile yellowing. The current TPC recommendation would be to use Titanox RA 50 for better durability, but if too much RA 50 is used a fungicide must be added. Both RA 50 and RANC were used at 5* with 15* of A. If calcium carbonate replaces magnesium silicate there is more control of erosion tut a greater* tendency toward rutile yellowing. This is shown even with 20* Titanox A 168. 0007-SWP-045933 0007-SWP-000115306 -11- In another series, where details of formulation are not important,. TPC reports greater rutile yellowing with lead containing paints as they chalk more* (Could it be that the chalk Is more adher ent and builds up a heavier layer, conducive to rutile yellowing?) Our experience is the reverse -- the lead--free paints are more inclined to yellow, other things being equal. TPC ascribes rutile yellowing to photochemical oxidation to Ti03. They find greater yellowing if dirt or mildew collects on the paint surface. One Coat House Paints This series was painted one coat over one coat of primer on cedar and white pine in November 1953. 1. Pittsburgh - slightly yellow. 2. SW? 476 - O.X. 3. Jones Blair - no data. 4. Devoe - dirty, streaky gray. 5. Socony Paint Products - gray, slight mildew. Certain TPC formulations with high Ti02 content look good. Where 25? of the binder is Chlorowax the film still looks good. Use of calcium carbonate as part of the extender again produces rutile yellowing. Lead and Zinc-free Paints This series of paints were exposed in October 1952 as two coats self--primed on cedar and yellow pine. The paints compare pig mentations with zinc or leaded zinc and non-reactive pigmentations, all at 55? PVC. Details of pigment and vehicle formulations and pre sent condition follow. 1. 10% Titanox A MO/lO? Titanox RA/39? PbZn/16? BCWL/25? Mg silicate 75^ Refined L.0./25? Bodied L.O. The film is in good condition, a trifle yellow. 2. 28? Titanox A/28'' Titanox RA/44? Mg silicate 40jS Linseed/55/? Long oil alkyd/25^ Chlorowux 70 Whiter, should retard chalk as eroded and cracked. 3. 10? Titanox A M0/10? Titanox RA/50? PbZn/30? Mg silicate 75 Refined L.0./25? Bodied L.O. Good condition, slight cracking. 0007-SWP-045934 0007-SWP-000115307 -12- 4. 15$ Titanox A 168/1# Titanox RA/35$ Zn0/40$ extender 7# Refined L.0.-/25$ Bodied L.O. Extender half magnesium silicate, half carbonate. Very yellow on north vertical. 5. 28$ Titanox A MO/7256 Titanox HCHT 40$ L.O./3556 long oil aliyd/25$ Chlorowax 70. Cracked, eroded and mildewed on south and north. In the same group TiOg and linseed oil are completely off the panel. Paints 2 and 4 had 20 cents of phenyl mercuric oleate added per gallon of paint. Exterior Tint Base Paints Details of composition of this series are not important. However, it is interesting from the standpoint of use of Terra Alba, Titanox RC at 40 to 42$, 20 to 34$ Terra Alba, used in conjunction with leaded zinc, straight zinc oxide or zinc oxide plus lead carbonate or silicate. Terra Alba looks promising from the standpoint of tint reten tion - it will mildew but this is controlled with 10/ worth of PMO per gallon. Unfortunately, Terra Alba is not available which will grind well to provide gloss. TPC's.ideas on a tint base are to avoid lead, use RC with zinc oxide and extender. Xn another tint base series put out in June 1953, comparisons are made of extenders on tint retention. All are in an oil vehicle at 33$ PVC. The first group nil cany 4# Titanox RC and 55$ zinc oxide. The results with various extenders are as follows: Calcium carbonate - on south exposure good tint, some streaks. On north exposure, good tint retention. ASP 400 clay - south, fades. North, fades, less mildew than Terra Alba, Terra Alba - south, good tint. North, trifle more fade than with calcium carbonate. Lorite - fair tint south and north, less fade than with clay. Asbestine - south, poor tint, some mildew. North, less mildew than with clay, slight mildew. 0007-SWP-045935 0007-SWP-000115308 -15- Much the sane results vore obtained with a pigmentation of 202 Titanox RC/202 zinc oxide/602 extender, but the differences are greater than in the first group which used only 25% extender. Excep tions are that in the second group Terra Alba shows the best tint retention. Fading is bad with clay, magnesium silicate and Lorita. Mildew is worst with magnesium silicate. Another series of tint bases, also out in June 1955, compares Titanox RANC plus extenders against Titanox RC, in yellow (chrome) and green (phthalo blue plus lemon ferrite). The two pigmentations are (1) 152 Titanox RANC/202 ZnO/632 extender, and (2) 502 Titanox RC/ 202 ZnO/302 extender. In the yellows, with pigmentation (l); calcium carbonate makes a dirty and dingy tint, ASP 400 clay fades. Terra Alba gives a better tint than calcium carbonate, while Lorite is cleaner with same fading. In the pigmentation (2) RC looks better than RANC for clean, bright tints, with calcium carbonate best and the others quite good. In the greens RANC is best, RC next, then RCHT, with Titanox C 50 showing the most fading. There is a need for a chalk resistant equivalent of C 50. The final tint series inspected was put out in July 1955, consisting of low gloss, lead and zinc-free tint bases, evaluating seme typical wall paint vehicles. This series should be watched in view of our long range intention of studying our own alkyd flat vehicle in SWP Flat. Details are recorded because of future interest. 1. 202 Titanox RANC/802 Terra Alba. Vehicle 402 linseed oil, 35,5 alkyd, 252 Cblorowax TO, at 352 PVC. In a yellow tint, this paint is dirty. 2. 192 Titanox RANC/812 Terra Alba. Vehicle 77% Syntex 131, 232 Syntex 32, at 502 PVC. This paint shows some failure on yellow pine. 3. 242 Titanox RANC/762 Terra Alba. Vehicle is 1002 Adnerol 400 RS, at 50j6 PVC. This paint has failed badly. 4. 212 Titanox RANC/792 Terra Alba. Vehicle is 1002 Vallkyd 1952, at 502 PVC. This is the best paint, with Jones-Dabney second. Note that the higher PVC's give brighter tints. 0007-SWP-045936 0007-SWP-000115309 -14- Mildew Inhibitors Two series of mildew inhibitors were examined at Sayville. One was put out in November 1950 on small cedar panels, two coats self-primed The control paint had a pigmentation of 50*6 Titanox RCHT/ 25# zinc oxide/25# magnesium silicate, in a linseed oil vehicle, at 53# PVC. The control paint has mildewed badly and shows yellowing. It does not yellow if the mildew is controlled by a fungicide, Pyridyl mercuric stearate (55# Hg) controls the mildew if used to provide from 0.5 to 1# Hg on the solids. Phenyl mercuric Borate in the same concen tration of Hg does well* "Ad-It" did not do well. In a second series put out in January 1955, various fungicides were tested at 10/ worth per gallon. The control paint had 5# Titanox A MO./ 55# RCHT/SO# zinc oxida/so# magnesium silicate, in an oil vehicle, at 53# PVC. The paints were applied two coats on cedar. Results are tabulated for north vertical exposure.- 1. No additive. Bad mildew. 2. Di(phenyl mercury) dodeceaylsuccinate (Super Ad-It). Slight mildew. 3. Phenyl mercuric octoate (Naphthone AC). Slight mildew, more than 2. 4. Phenyl mercuric n&phthenate. Bad mildew, 5. Phenyl mercuric acetate plus orthophenylphenate (Butrol). Just starting tc mildew. 6. Phenyl mercuric acetate. No mildew (more mercury as low cost source). 7. Phenylmercuric-8-cxyquinoline (Butrol 8). ' Very slight mildew. 8. Copper-8-quinolinolate. Definite mildew. As an added note, TPC found that a conventional paint applied over a zincless primer took 2# of Vancide 8 to hold mildew for two years to date, bu-t the paint had a brown discoloration. 0007-SWP-045937 0007-SWP-000115310 -15- Exterior Latex and Emulsion Paints As stated earlier, TPC's exposures of emulsion paints are stiU of short duration, but their program is extensive and eventually should develop information of considerable value. Details on individual series follow. In September 1954 TPC put out a variety of latexes and emulsions iia-ing 70% Titanox RANC/5C# magnesium silicate t 55% PVC. The exposures are both south and north vertical as follows: 2 coats on regular asbestos shingles 2 coat3 on glazed asbestos shingles 2 coats on stucco 2 coats on cement blocks 2 coats cm new cedar siding 1 coat over house paint primer on new cedar siding 1 coat over chalking paint on wood The latexes or emulsions used were: Butadiene styrene Dow 512 K Polystyrene Bakelite BKS 92 Polyvinyl acetate (copolymer) Dewey and Almy Norvan G Polyvinyl acetate (post plasticized) Bakelite WC-130 Acrylic Rohm and Haas AC-55 Acrylic - alkyl modified AC-55 plus 25% Glyptal 2505 Weathered asbestos shingles were treated over the left half of each panel with silicone solution, the right half left untreated. After nine months the EKS 92 polystyrene paint has failed over the silicone. The other points are still O.K. Over the glazed asbestos shingles the BKS 92 paint again is failing, while the others are O.K. On weathered stucco all the paints are O.K. On new cedar siding two coats self-primed BKS 92 again is failing. WC-130, Norvan G and AC-33 are starting to crack. All are much better when applied one coat over one coat of house paint primer. When applied one coat over old chalked lead-zinc-titanium-extender oil paint most of the emulsion paints are gone entirely. The AC-53 paint is still in quite good condition but mildew has come from the old oil paint through the AC-53 film. A similar series using the same paints as above was put out in December 1954, one coat over old chalking paint. The first group was painted in cold weather, below 40 F., and the second in warmer weather, above 500 F. The condition of the panels on July 1 was as follows: 0007-SWP-045938 0007-SWP-000115311 -16- Palnted below 40 F. Butadiene styrene 512 K. Just starting to flake. Polyvinyl acetate VC-150. Flaking. Acrylic AC-33 O.K. Acrylic AC-35 + alkyd O.K. Painted above 50 F. Butadiene styrene 512 K. Polyvinyl acetate WC-130. Acrylic AC-35 Acrylic AC-33 + alkyd Starting to flake. Flaking O.K. O.K. Another series put out in November 1954 included a consider able variety of latexes and emulsions. The comaon pigmentation was 70% Titanox RA 50/5055 magnesium silicate, all at 55% PVC. The condition over various surfaces as of July 1 was as follows: 45 exposure south one coat over small chalked paint panels. Half of each panel was wet with water just before painting, the other half left dry. We did not obtain details as to how the panels were wetted, so differences later may be due to the water and/or because the chalk was rubbed off. The condition of this group as of July 1 was as follows: 1. Polyvinyl acetate (Copolymer) Dewey and Almy Norvan G. All off on dry area, O.K. on wet. 2. Polyvinyl acetate (post plasticized) Bakelite WC-130. Off both wet and dry areas. 3. Polyvinyl acetate (post plasticized) Cal Ink. Coming off both areas. . Polyvinyl acetate (Copolymer) Beechnut EC-101. Coming off both areas. 5. Polyvinyl acetate (Copolymer) National Starch 12 K 51. 0.K, on both. 6. Polyvinyl acetate (post plasticized) Crown Oil Polycrown AX. Slight chipping on dry area, O.K. on wet. 7. Polyvinyl acetate (post plasticized) Borden Polyco 522. Popping on both areas. 8. Polyvinyl acetate (post plasticized) du Pont Elvacot 81-900, Almost off on dry, better on wet. O007-SWP-045939 0007-SWP-0001 -17- 9. Polyvinyl acetate (post plasticized) Monsanto SC. Off both. 10. Acrylic Rohm and Haas AC-55. O.K. on both. 11. Butadiene Styrene Dow 512 K. Wrinkled, looks ready to pop. Whiter than AC-33. 12. Butadiene Styrene Dow 762 V. Wrinkled, looks ready to pop. 13. Vinylidene chloride - Acrylonitrile. Dow Saran. Ho data recorded. 14. Polyvinyl acetate (Copolymer) Colton Vinac P-100. Chipping on both areas. Mote that at this relatively early stage, AC-33 acrylic and 12 K 51 PVAc are the best and doing equally well. This corresponds to our own selection. Over chalked point exposed vertically, paints made with 512 K, WC-150, Cal Ink FVAc, Dow 762 W and EKS .92 are showing advanced failure. Minor flaking has shown up on Norvan G and Saran, while the others are still O.K. On weathered asbestos shingles which were wet just before paint ing, then painted two coats, most are in good condition. WC-130 and Beechnut EC-101 are starting to fail by bubbling. Two parallel series were put out in November 1954 as two coat work on regular cement asbestos shingles. The series were designed to test the chalking rates of various types of titanium pigments in poly vinyl acetate Norvan G end in acrylic AC-33, respectively, all at 35$ PVC. The titanium pigments used and the chalking as of July 1 were as follows: ^outh exposures - Chalk ' AC-55 Norvan G 70$ Tx RA 50/30$ Mg Sil. 70$ TxfiANC/30$ " " 100$ Tit RC 100$ Tx RCHT 100$ Tx C 50 57$ TX RA 50/13$ TX A 168/30$ Mg Sil. 35$ TX RA 50/35$ Tx A 168/30$ Mg Sil. 14$ Tx RA 50/55$ Tx A 168/31$ Mg Sil. Very slight Very slight None Slight Definite Quite free Quite free Quite free Very slight Very slight None Slight Definite Quite free Quite free Quite free While the data indicate equivalence in chalking, the AC-33 paints show slightly more chalking than the parallel paints based on Norvan G. 0007-SWP-045940 0007-SWP-000115313 -18- As a variation of the above comparisons, a common combination pigmentation of 70% Titanox RA 50/3056 magnesium silicate was used in both AC-33 and Norvan G, this time increasing PVC's in S% steps from 15 to 40%. In this case neither group shows any chalking as of July 1 up to end through 35^. However, at 40j6 PVC the Norvan G paint is just starting to chalk while the 40% PVC AC-33 is not. This reverses the findings in the previous series. The Norvan G panels all have a yellow cast. If any anatase is added to pigmentations as used in the above series, chalking is accelerated. Another series varied extenders tut has not shown any differ ences to date. It is interesting that comparing Norvan G and AC-33 paints, the game amount of tinting color with the same amount of titan ium always developed more color in the AC-33 paints. National Lead Company - Sayville. New fork Only a brief time was spent looking at National's exposures and very little of value was observed. Study of Available Active Pigment for Film Stabilization This series was put out in October 1955, two coats selfprimed over cedar end yellow pine. The basic formula carries 1.75 pounds Titanox A M0 in a 5 pound oil vehicle, with magnesium silicate varied to maintain PVC at 33.156. The percentages considered as avail able reactive pigment in these comparisons: zinc oxide - 100^, 45 X basic silicate white lead - 45J6, basic carbonate white lead - 55^, and basic sulfate white lead - 206. The weight percentage of available active pigment an oil was varied through 10, 20, 40, 55, 80 and 100*6, with some obvious amissions. As zinc oxide increased from l/2 pound through 4 pounds per gallon the film performance improved. One pound controlled mildew. At low zinc oxide concentrations acicular zinc oxide is more susceptible to erosion. In the lead series at 10, 20 , 40 and 5556 reactive lead, basic sulfate films mildewed at low concentrations and eroded at high concentrations. Basic carbonate showed some mildew at low concentrations and gave gray films at high. Basic silicate mildewed at low concentra tions but gave clean films at high, with no erosion. M-50 Pigment We glanced at a few metal protective paint exposure panels. Those containing M-50 continue to look good, which confirms our findings. \ | f MVL:AR M. VAN LOO Director of Paint Research 0007-SWP-045941 0007-SWP-000115314 Paint Research Department - July l1*. 1956 Final Report on Exposures 15934-58 C,E,K St. Joseph Lead Company Cooperative Series Previous Reports - September 30, 1952 March 29, 1954 Purpose To compere a number of white house paints using various zinc oxides in both lead-free and lead-containing formulations. The series included Rx 471 SWP Gloss White as a lead-containing type and both Rx 436 SWF Fume Resisting and St. Joseph's submitted samples as lead-free types, patterned after Rx 436. The zinc oxides Involved are; American Zinc's Azo ZZZ-33 &od ZZZ-55 Hew Jersey's Horsebead XX-592, -503 and -50 St. Joseph's Green Label #17, 40 and 42 Preparation and Exposure Tbs two companies exchanged the paints described above and each painted out a complete series for exposure. Our series is on cedar bevel siding, primed with Rx 450 ttodercoater and also as self-primed (both on one panel). The tests have been exposed at Florida, at Coffeyville, Kansas, and at Chicago, all vertical south. The exposure time at each location is very nearly 4 years. Summary of Results A comparison of the exposure results of this series with earlier similar studies shows that the bodied oil type bouse paint formulations are more resistant to checking and cracking failure than the older raw oil types. This has resulted in improved performance of zinc oxides which had been rated es unsatisfactory for bouse paint usage in earlier tests. It is our feeling that this change in formulation has done much to bring about a relaxation of our stringent zinc oxide specifications. We would now approve the following pure oxides for SWP usage; Azo ZZZ-33 Hew Jersey XX-503 St. Joseph's Green label #17 i 11 t 0007-SWP-045942 0007-SWP-000115315 -2- At 4 years, in brood general terms, we can state that general appearance depends upon two factors, (a) dirt and/or mildew and (b) erosion or "thin" appearance. At Chicago and Coffeyville, mildew being no factor, the Rx 436 formulas tend to be cleanest but most eroded, the St. Joseph formulas pretty much the opposite and the Rx 471 samples generally intermediate on both counts. This results in essentially equal general appearance ratings for the majority of all tests at these two locations. Bringing Florida tests, with mildew variations, into the picture, there is less conformity in appearance, but still a rough par allel trend. Exceptions may be seen in the readings below; the ones apparently most significant are: (a) Florida, stressing mildew growth. Rx 436 seems to allow the most mildew, St. Joseph formulas the least and Rx 471 inter mediate. Ho zinc oxide shows up consistently either good or bad in two or more formula types with respect to mildew. (b) Chicago and/or Coffeyville, individual exceptions to the above. In two out of three cases, XX-503 and St. Joseph #17 show less than average erosion aid. more than average dirt; likewise, XX-50 and (quite definitely) XX-592 show maximum erosion and minimum dirt. Moving to the general consideration of film durability (except that one of its components, erosion, has already been covered), we can make sane brief general statements along the same lines as those of the previous report, using the same techniques of examination. There Is a considerable range of checking and cracking, partly microscopic, at each location, Coffeyville showing the most visible failure; likewise a range within each formula type, Rx 471 showing generally least failure. XX-592 -- consistently poorest throughout St. Joseph #17 -- definitely on the poor side XX-50, ZZZ-55, St. Joseph #40 -- about average, satis' factory but showing some cases of serious failure ZZZ-33, XX-503 -- clearly best St. Joseph #42 -- well above the average In trying to reach an agreement among the Department' s house paint fornadatoro on the general durability ratings of the several paints, a point was raised which suggested, a departure from our regular examina tion techniques. Briefly, it was convincingly argued (a) that low ratings of microscopic checking (with the 40-power microscope) give many exposure samples a worse record than they deserve an the basis of practical dura bility sad protection of the wood, and (b) that in many cases, notably SfP tints, ve have ample evidence that such microscopic checking rated as low as 3 at one year may not increase In severity over the next two or three years. 0007-SWP-045943 0007-SWP-000115316 -3- In order to eliminate the possible misleading effect of "micro scopic failure" ratings, all panels vere re-examined with a 2-1/2X linen tester lens. This might be referred to as an "aided eye" or "macro" ex amination. Most of the failure thus observed, at least in this series, must be rated as crashing. since it is impossible to distinguish between checks and cracks unless they are very obvious. An analysis of the ratings by this "aided eye" technique yields the following results compared with those cited above: _ XX-592 again clearly poorest in durability ZZZ-55 dropping to second poorest, but well ahead of XX-592 XX-50, St. Joseph #40, St. Joseph #42, especially the latter, all dropping considerably, rating "a little below average." St. Joseph #17 rating the same as the preceding, but this represents a considerable gain over the previous system. ZZZ-33, XX-503 again clearly best We are inclined, at least in this particular series, to favor the new type of rating as more Indicative of the "practical durabilities" of the paints in question. The following summation of checking and cracking gives an in dication of how these two ratings compare in practice, and also gives somewhat more detailed information on performance than the above comments. This tabulation is made by totaling the checking and cracking ratings of the four year exposure ratings from Chicago, CoffeyvlUe and Florida. A perfect score would be 30 points. Lead Free Faints Panel 8b. > 15935 36 37 38 39 40 4l 42 Zinc Oxide Ato ZZZ-33 New Jersey XX-503 New Jersey XX-50 New Jersey XX-592 St. Joe #17 St. Joe #40 St. Joe #42 Azo ZZZ-55 Micro Self-Primed 26 24 21 12 lfi 19 22 18 Macro Self-Primed 29 30 26 16 23 22 22 17 Macro Over Underco&ter 30 30 24 17 25 20 21 17 0007-SWP-045944 0007-SWP-000115317 -4- Lead Containing Panel No. Zinc Oxide Micro Macro Macro Self-Primed Self-Primed Ower Uhdercoater 159^3 44 ^5 46 47 43 49 50 51 Ozlo 412 Azo ZZZ-33 New Jersey XX-503 New Jersey XX-50 New Jersey NX-592 St. Joe #17 St. Joe #40 St. Joe #42 Azo ZZZ-55 24 29 21 25 19 23 15 ' 22 6* 11* 17* 23* 13* 19* 19* 23* 15 22 30 26 25 21 15* 23* 22* 24* 20 *Panels of this group did not perform well even on the guide area. The cumulative rating shown here has not been Justified in any way to compensate for the poor panels, therefore, it is reason able to assume that paint performance with these zinc oxides might be expected to be somewhat better than these readings might indicate. All teste are being retired from exposure. JWC:ls 0007-SWP-045945 0007-SWP-000115318 -5- Examination at 48 Months. Chicago Panel Ho.______ Description Guide 15934 Beg. Rx 450-471 HB Gen. No. Chalk Check Crack Eros'n Dirt App. 3208 6 10 10 6 66 35A Rx 436 Fume Re 3200 6 10 10 sistant with ZZZ-33 over Rx 4?0 B Self-primed 3200 6 10 3m 5 5 66 76 36a With XX-503 3201 6 10 10 6 56 B Self-primed 3201 6 10 10 6 56 37A XX-50 B Self-primed 38A XX-592 B Self-primed 39A St. doe #17 B Self-primed 4QA St. doe #40 B Self-primed 41A St. doe #42 B' 42A Self-primed Z2Z-55 3202 3202 3203 3203 3204 3204 3205 3205 3206 3206 3207 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 7 7 6 10 10 10 3m 7 6m 6m 3 part m 10 9 10 8 part m 10 10 10 9m 10 9m 10 8m 10 8m 5 5 5 4 6 6 7 7 7 7 6 65 65 65 75 66 66 66 66 6S 66 66 B Self-primed 3207 6 10 7m 6 76 Rx 471 SWP Gloss White 15943A As guide using 3208 7 10 9m Co-ftmed 43B Saif.primed 3208 6 10 8m 44a Mechanical Mix 3209 5 10 10 vith ZZZ-33 B Self-primed 3209 5 10 9o 7 6 6 6 55 55 60 76 0007-SWP-045946 0007-SWP-000115319 Panel No Description 159^5A With XX-503 6 Self-primed 46a With XX-50 B Self-primed 47A With XX-592 B Self-primed 48A St. Joe #17 B Self-primed 49A St. Joe #40 B Self-primed 5QA St. Joe #42 B Self-primed 5U zzz-55 B Self-primed 3t. Joe Paints (lead-free) 15952A Using 2Z2-33 B Self-primed * 53A XX-503 B Self-primed 54A XX-50 B Self-primed 55A XX-592 B Self-primed RB No. 3210 3210 3211 3211 3212 3212 3213 3213 3214 3214 3215 3215 3216 3216 -- -- -- -- -- -- ... -6- Gen. Chalk Check Crack Bros'n Dirt APP 6 10 10 6 5 6 6 10 9m 6 56 5 10 8 5 6 5 5 10 - 6 5 6 5 part m 6 Tta 4 6 5 5 part a 5 7m 2 5 6 4 part a 6 10 9m 7 65 5 10 3m 6 66 6 8m 8 6 5 5 6 8m 6 4 5 4 5 10 8m 6 66 5 10 8 6 7 6 part m 6 10 8 6 5 5 6 10 6 5 5 5 part m 6 10 10 6 66 6 10 9m 5 65 7 10 10 6 66 6 10 9m 5 65 7 10 9m 5 65 7 10 7ta 5 65 6 8m 4m 7 66 6 8m 2m 6 66 0007-SWP-045947 0007-SWP-000115320 -7- Panel No. RB Gen. Description No. Chalk Check Crack Eros'n Dirt App 1595aA St. Joe #17 -- 7 8m 5m 7 5 6 B Self-primed --- 7 6m 5m 7 5 6 57A St. Joe #40 -- 6 10 9m 7 5 5 B Self-primed -- 6 10 ~ 8m 6 56 50A St. Joe #42 -- 5 10 9m 6 6 o B Self-primed -- 7 10 Sm 5 6 5 Sxamination at 43 Months, Florida Panel Check Crack Mildew Eroa 'n Gen. Mb. Chalk Guide Test Guide Teat Guide Test Guide Teat Dirt App. 15934? 35A B 36A B 37A B 38A B 39A B 4GA B 41A B 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 5 8m 6m 10 10 8 8m 8m 10 10 e 8m 8m 10 10 8 8m 8m 10 10 8 8m 8m 10 10 8 3m 8m 10 10 8 3m 3m 10 8m 7 8m > 10 8m 7 8m 5m 10 8m 8 8m 5m 10 8m 8 8m 5 10 5 9 part m part m 8m 5 10 5 9 part m part m 8m 3m 10 10 8 8m 8m 10 10 3 66 66 66 66 66 66 56 56 66 66 66 66 56 56 6 76 6 76 665 665 755 765 8 75 875 3 76 8 76 7s5 765 365 865 0007-SWP-045948 0007-SWP-000115321 -8- Check Crack Mildew Eros'n Gen. Guide Test Guide Test Guide Test Guide Test Dirt APP 4 8m 6 10 7 3 part m part m 4 8m 6 10 7 3 part m part m 6 8m 6m 10 10 8 56 56 76 375 8 7 5766 6 8m 8m 10 10 8 r6 766 5 8m 5m 10 10 7 65 7 76 4 8m fsm 10 10 7 66 7 76 5 8m 6m 10 10 7 56 8 75 4 8m 6m 10 10 7 56 3 7 5 5 8m 4m 10 8m 7 56 8 75 5 8m 5m 10 9m 7 56 875 62 26 6 EROS'N 9 "9 1M--I-L--D--EW 3 5 3 part m part m 52 26 59 93 353 part m part m 63 37 79 93 353 part m cart m 63 37 79 93 353 part m pert m 6 4m 4m 8m 3n 9 95 665 5 4m 4m 8m 8m 9 6 3 5 6 79 5 part m 36 part m 67 O part m part m 6 8a 2 10 5 o part m part ia 5 8m 4 10 7 6 part m part m 6 9m 9m 10 10 7 6 9m 9m 10 10 7 6 9m 10 10 7 95 95 95 67 87 S6 36 86 665 665 665 5 54 5 54 665 665 6 s5 5 9m 9m 10 10 7 3 6 6 6 5 0007-SWP-045949 0007-SWP-000115322 -9- Panel Che ck r. rack Erosi*n Mildew Gen. No. Chalk Guidei Test Gulli Test Guide Test Guide Test Dirt App. 15954A B 5 5 9m 5m 10 8m 7 9n 3m 10 10 -Ti 37 87 776 775 55A 5 9m 8m 1C 10 1 77 765 B5 9n 6m 10 8m 7 77 76 5 56A 5 9 8m 10 10 7 87 766 B5 57A 5 B5 53a 6 B6 9m 7m 9m 3 part ra 9m 2 part ra 9m 5 part ra 9m h part m 10 10 10 7 part m 10 5 part ra 10 9 part si 10 8 part m 7 7 7 1f 7 37 a7 87 87 37 766 7 OS 6 7o6 766 766 Panel Mb. 1593^ 35A B 36a B 37A B 3SA B Examination at 48 Months, Coffeyville Check Crack Eros'n Gen. Chalk Guide Test Guide Test Guide Test Dirt App. 7 7-6 6-7 7 10 10 10 10 7 6 7 6 7 10 10 10 10 7 6 7 6 7 10 7m 10 10 7 7 6 7 7 10 6m 10 10 7 7 s 7 6 10 6m 10 10 7 6 7 G/ OS' 10 5m 10 10 7 6 7 6 7 10 km 10 10 7 6 7 6 7 10 3m 10 9m 7 6 7 6 0007-SWP-045950 0007-SWP-000115323 Panel No. 15533A B 40A B 4M B 42A B 43A. B 44A B 45A B 46a B kjA B 43a B 49A B 5QA B Check Chalk Guide Test 7 8m 5m 7 8m 3m 6 9m 6 6 9m 4m 7 7m 3m 7 7m 3 7 3m 3m 7 dm 3m 7 8m ?R! 7 Qa 8m 7 75b 7m 7 Tta 6m 7 8m 5m 7 8m 4m 6 8m 5m 6 3m 5m 5 33 part m 5 32 7 3 6m 7 3 6m 7 34 part m 6 33 part m 7 7m 7m 7 Tta 6m -10- Crack Eros'n Guide Test Guide Test 10 10 76 10 3 7S 10 10 76 10 8 10 7 part m 10 7 part m 10 3 part m 10 3 part m 10 10 r6 75 76 76 76 77 10 10 77 10 9m 77 10 8ra 77 10 8m 77 10 7to 77 10 8m 77 10 8m 77 55 part m 54 77 77 5 9m 77 5 6m 77 56 part m 55 part m 10 10 77 77 78 10 9m 78 Gen. Dirt AfP l6 76 76 76 76 76 76 76 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 66 56 66 66 o/ 0s 66 66 o7 67 0007-SWP-045951 0007-SWP-000115324 Panel Ho. 15951A B 52A B 53A B 5^A B 55A B 56A B 57A B 58a B -11- Check Crack Eros'n Gen. Chalk Guide Test Guide Test Guide Test Dirt App, 6 9m Tin 10 10 7 3 6 7 6 9m 7m 10 10 7 3 6 7 7 9m 6m 10 10 7 7 6 7 9m 5m 10 10 7 7 6 6 6 9m 6m 10 10 7 7 6 6 6 9m 5m 10 Sta 7 7 6 6 7 10 6m 10 10 7 7 6 5 6 10 4m 10 8m 7 7 6 6 6 8m 3 10 7 7 0r 7 6 part m part m 6 8m 2 10 5 7 6 7 5 part m part m 7 gm 3 10 7 7 7 6 6 part m part m 7 9m 2 10 5 7 7 6 6 part m part m 7 9m 5 10 9 7 7 6 6 part m part m 6 9m 3 10 7 7 6 7 6 part n part m 7 9m 6 10 10 7 6 7 6 part m 6 9m 4 10 9m 7 6 7 6 part m 0007-SWP-045952 0007-SWP-000115325 -12 Formulas Involved SWP Fume Resisting White - RB 3200 Pounds Gallons Material 100 1403 100 2030 230 Azo 33 233 20 28-1/2 19 3 1-1/2 2 1-1/4 4 18-1/4 (2) (310) (5096) (543) (2231) (2236) (141) (343) Wt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.38 Viscosity 46" @ 75 deg. on #3 SWP Fume Resisting White - RB 3201 Pounds Gal 1 nns Material Sane as RB 3200 except using New Jersey XX-503 Wt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.26 Viscosity 35" 75 deg. on #3 SWP Fume Resisting White - RB 3202 Pounds Gallons Material Sane as RB 3200 except using Nev Jersey XX-50 Wt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.33 Viscosity 42" 75 deg. on #3 SWP Fume Resisting White - RB 3203 Pounds Gallons Material Same as RB 3200 except using New Jersey XX-592 Wt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.31 Viscosity 32" 75 deg. on #3 SWP Fune Resisting White - RB 3204 Pounds Gallons Material Sane as RB 3200 except using St. Joe #17 Wt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.33 Viscosity 35" 75 deg. on #3 0007-SWF-045953 0007-SWP-000115326 -13- SWP Fume Resisting White - RB 3205 Pounds Gallons Material Same as RB 3200 except using St. Joe #40 Wt./Gal. - T 13.2? - A 13.30 Viscosity 55" @ 75 deg. on #3 SWP fume Resisting White - RB 3206 Pounds Gallons Material Same as RB 3200 except using St. Joe #42 Wt./Gal. - A 13.36 Viscosity 55 * 1/8 cup SWP Fume Resisting White - RB 3207 Pounds Gallons Material Same as RB 3200 except using Azo 55 Wt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.50 Viscosity 50" 0 75 deg. on #3 SWP Gloss White - RB 3208 Pounds Gallons Material 275 20 75 2132 150 1403 200 412 200 1424 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 1-3/4 5/8 4 16-3/4 (901) (543) (141) (348) Wt./Gal. - A 14.23 Viscosity 25" 75 deg- on #3 SWP Gloss White - RB 3209 Pounds Gallons Material 275 20 75 2132 150 1403 306 Azo 33 94 18 Vehicle same as RB 3208 Wt./Gal. - T 14.29 - A 14.30 Viscosity 44" @ 75 deg. on #3 0007-SWP-045954 0007-SWP-000115327 -14- SWP Gloss ihtte - RB 3210 Pounds Gallons Material 275 20 75 2132 150 1403 306 New Jersey XX-503 94 18 Vehicle same as RB 3203 Wt./Gal. T 14.29 - A 14.3 Viscosity 31" 75 deg. on #3 SWP Gloss White - RB 3211 Pounds Gallons Material 275 20 75 2132 150 1403 306 New Jersey XX-1 94 13 Vehicle same as RB 3203 Wt./Gal. - T 14.29 - A 14.20 Viscosity 29.2" @ 75 deg. on y3 SWP Gloss White - RB 3213 Pounds Gallons Material 275 20 75 2132 306 New Jersey XX-592 94 18 150 1403 Vehicle same as RB 3208 Wt./Gal. - t 14.29 - A 14.29 Viscosity 36.5" 75 deg. on #3 SWP Gloss White - RB 3213 Founds Gallons Material 275 20 75 2132 306 St. Joe #17 94 18 150 1403 Vehicle same as RB 3208 Wt./Gal. - 7 14.29 - A 14.31 Viscosity 34" @ 75 deg. on #3 SWP Gloss White - RB 3214 Pounds Gallons Material 275 20 75 2132 306 St. Joe jf40 94 18 150 1403 Vehicle same as RB 3208 Wt./Gal. - T 14.29 - A 14.28 Viscosity 54" @ 75 deg. on #3 0007-SWP-045955 0007-SWP-000115328 ro -15- SWP Gloss White - RB 3215 Pounds Gallons Material 20 75 2132 306 St. Joe #42 9k 18 150 1403 Vehicle same as RB 3203 Wt./Gal. A 14.27 Viscosity 52" @ 75 deg. on #3 SWP Gloss .,'hite - RB 3216 Pounds Gallons Material 275 20 75 2132 306 Azo ZZZ-55 94 18 150 1403 Vehicle same as RB 3208 Wt./Gal. - A 14.33 Viscosity 51" 75 deg. on #3 SWP Undercoater - RB 3217 Founds Gallons Material 100 2077 250 20 240 511 120 IS 142 2174 3 547 3/4 28 14-1/2 (5094) (2) (310) 4 1-1/2 1-1/2 25 (l4l) (901) (543) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 13.73 - A 13-60 Viscosity lk.8" @ 75 deg. on #3 We have no formulas or description of the paints submitted by St. Joseph, other than a statement of the zinc oxide used in each, which is typed with the Florida readings (above). JWC:ls 0007-SWP-045956 0007-SWP-000115329 S'" \ ( 3 9S6! 9 1 iOO Paint Research Department - August 13. 1956 Final Report on Exposures 15835-72 F.C Titanium Pigment Corporation Cooperative Series (1951) Purpose To compare exposure results on white and tinted house paints, planned as an extension of a previous series, with special emphasis on comparison of results at our locations with those at Sayville, Hew York. A progress report was issued on September 24, 1952, at one year, another on December 14, 1953# at 24 months. Paints Tested * Group 1 -- Fume Resisting House Faints Paint No, TiOo Variation KB 3328 KB 3329 KB 3330 KB 3331 Titanox A/M 50/50 blend Titanox AA Titanox A/BANC 75/25 blend Titanox A/RCHT 50/50 blend Group 2 -- Lead Containing Gloss White Paint Ho. TiOo Variation HB 3299 KB 3300 HB 3301 KB ' Titanox A TitanbxvA/AA 59/50 blend Group 3 -- Lead Containing Tint - Colonial Yellow Paint Ho. TiOo 'Variation KB 3303 Y KB 3304 Y HB 3305 Y KB 3306 Y Titanox RAHC - Mg silicate Titanbx RC - Mg silicate Titanox'RAHC - Ca carbonate TitshoxuRC - Ca carbonate Group 4 -- Lead Containing ^int - Gray Painttfo. -V."&**' HB,:3303 G KB 3304 G KB 3305 G HB 3306 G Ti<&fraftia.ti6p Titanox BAHC - Mg silicate Titanox RC - Mg silicate Titanox BAHC - Ca carbonate Titanox RC - Ca carbonate 0007-SWP-045957 0007-SWP-000115330 2- - Group 5 -- T.P. Co. White H'use Paints Paint No. 1527-1 1054 TxA MO-1054 TxRA-38.5# FbZn-15.7# BCWL-25-854 Ash. 1527-2 10 TxA MO-IO56 TxRA 10-38.554 FoZn-15-1% BCWL-25.S?. Asb. 1527-3 20$ Tx Al68 LO-38.554 PbZn-15.754 BCWL-25.854 Asb. 1527-^ The same paint as No. 2_with all the lead being replaced by 45X on a volume basis. 1527-5 1527-6 7.554 TxA MO-7-5$ TxRA 10-34.634 PbZn-U.7# BCWL35-7% Ab. 3554 TxRCHT-1034 TxA MO-5054 PbZn-554 Asb. 1527-7 The same paint as No. 6 vith all the lead replaced by 45X on a volume basis. 1527-8 2554 TxRCHT-7.554 TxA MO-3534 FbZn-32.5?4 Asb. 1527-9 1554 TxA 168 LO-IO34 TxRA 10-3534 ZaO-2054 Asb.2054 Calcium Carbonate. 1527-10 354 TxRCHT-1034 TxA MO-3554 Zn0-2034 Asb. Group 6 - T.P. Co. Tint Bases (Gray) Paint No. I527-II 1354 Tx RANC-3834 ZnO-1334 45X-3634 Calcium Carbonate 1527-12 1254 TxRANC-3534 ZnO-5354 Calcium Carbonate 1527-13 53^ TxRC-34.534 ZnO 12.554 Basic Lead Silicate 45X 1527-14 2054 TxRC-2554 ZnO-1034 45X-4554 Calcium Carbonate 1527-15 Primer 6034 TxRC-2034 BCv/L-2054 Asb.' in usual dehydrated castor oil-linseed-ester gum vehicle at a PVC of 4054 1527-16 Primer - 6554 TxRC-3554 Asbestine in usual vehicle 0007-SWP-045958 0007-SWP-000115331 -3- Preparation and Scposure The paints are tested on cedar bevel siding as follows: a. The left l/3 of each panel a control using house paint undercoater plus SWF Gloss White or the appropriate SWP tint. b. The center l/3 of each panel a test topcoat over undercoater. (Undercoater for SWP groups is Rx 450. For T.P. Co. groups it is their #1527-15; but see also special T.P. Co. primer at end of list). ~ c. The right l/3 of each panel the same test as the center l/3 but self-primed work. d. First coats at 4-50 sq. ft. per gallon, topcoats at 550. Panels have been retired after 36 months at Miami, Florida, vertical south. Chicago panels, north and south vertical, were left on test up to 4 years, and have been retired. Summary of Results Group I. Fume Resisting Whites All normal at Florida, look fair to good. Again, self-primed are a little cleaner and whiter than Rx 450-primed. KB 3329, with all Titanox AA, is least satisfactory because of more mold growth and dirt, slower clean-up than the others. The Chicago tests, consider ing the added year, also seem quite satisfactory. Here RB 3329 does not stand out as dirty or slow in chalking. A/RCHT shows some rutile yellowing. Group II. Lead Containing Whites Florida panels definitely cleaner and less mold growth than guide or Group I. Surface flaking (lack of uniformity of chalking) varies considerably, with A/RAHC showing up rather poorly on this account. At Chicago, erosion runs about the same as in Group I, and the tests are generally satisfactory. The A/RARC sample, how ever, stands out both for rutile yellowing and microscopic checking. 0007-SWP-045959 0007-SWP-000115332 -4- Group III. Lead Containing Tints -- Colonial Yellow Fading and chalk-masking rate as before, the two locations agreeing very well and showing RC/calcium carbonate poorest and RC/magnesium silicate best. RC seems to be prone to cause checking, and since this is worse with calcium carbonate, this sample (RB 3306) stands out as poorest. Color retention seems to be the only redeeming feature of the RC/magnesium silicate formula, although at Chicago it seems to resist checking. Neither RANC sample shows checking, and all tests of RANC fall in the intermediate range as regards color and clean-up. Group IV. Lead Containing Tints -- Westchester Gray Though not as pronounced, this shade now (contrary to the previous report) shows the same trend as Group XU in color retention. Check ing again follows the same pattern, serious with RC. The Chicago panels verify the inferiority of the RC/calcium carbonate blend, but do not show up RC/magnesiurn silicate as well as the Florida, panels do. However, this is due to erosion and not to yellow chalk face, as reported at 24 months. Group V. Titanium Pigment Corporation Whites, With Their Primer #1527-15 (2054 BCWL) This group shows sane of the differences In performance noted at 24 months, as may be seen from the readings. Ihe most notable are: 1. Clearly poor durability with #1527-15; self priming better. 2. Paint #5 checking more than #2 3. AMD/RA free of checking, but tends to be yellow, poor in clean-up. AMO/RA 10 very similar. 4. A168-L0, somewhat contrary to the 24 month report, by it self shows a little checking but good, clean-up, how ever, the blend with RA 10 tends to check and Is quite . dirty and yellow. Group VI. Titanium Pigment Corporation Tints, Gray Again this group shows heavy chalk masking and generally unsatis factory appearance. Checking, especially at Florida, has advanced to a serious stage in most cases, considerably more so on the T.P. paints than on the RB 3303G control (as in Group 17). Faint #14 is clearly poorest in durability; in color retention it is best at Florida, but marred by yellowing at Chicago. Paint #12 Bhovs good, color retention, presumably largely due to calcium carbonate, without the yellowing, and perhaps could, be rated generally best of this group. Cb durability alone. Faint #11 might be given a slight edge. This would Indicate that high calcium carbonate is good, for tint retention, but that partial replacement with 45X improves durability. 0007-SWP-045960 0007-SWP-00011533 -5- Oroup VII. (Supplementary) Checking, noted at 24 months as very slight on the #1527-16 primerRx 4-71 system, has not advanced to a serious stage at either location. This primer, similar to #1527-15 above, but with BCWL removed, now seems to give the same results as #15 with reference to Paint #9 as topcoat. But with Paint #10, especially at Chicago, the leadless primer does much better. Examination Results Examination at 36 Months, Florida Panel KB Surf. Mildew Gen. No. Description Ko. Chalk Check Crack Flake Fade Guide Test Dirt App. guide Rx 4-50 plus Rx 471 reg. 15&35F all 1403, 3299 5 10 10 5 77 left 1/3 SWP Fume Resisting 36 Rx 436 50/50 3328 5 10 10 5 7777 Tx A/AA 36-2 "2's" all self- 3328 4 10 10 5 7777 primed, other wise as 36 37 All Tx AA 3329 6 3m 10 4 75 55 37-2 Self-primed 3329 5 0m 10 5 76 66 38 75/25 TxA/RANC 3330 6 0m 10 8 7766 36-2 Self-primed 3330 5 0m 10 8 77 7 7 39 50/50 TxA/RCHT 3331 6 8m 10 3 7766 39-2 Self-primed SWP Gloss White 40 Rx 471 as guide 3331 3299 5 5 8m 10 8 10 10 4 7777 6565 40-2 Self-primed 3299 5 10 10 8 6666 41 50/50 TxA/AA 3300 6 10 10 7 786 6 41-2 Self-primed 3300 5 10 10 7 7877 42 82/10 TxA/RANC 3301 4 10 10 5 7766 42-2 Self-primed 3301 4 10 10 5 79 77 *3 50/50 TxA/RCBT 3302 6 10 10 7 8866 43-2 Self-primed 3302 6 10 10 8 89 77 0007-SWP-045961 0007-SWP-000115334 -6- Panel RB Surf. Mildew Gen. Ho.DescriptionNo. Chalk Check Crack Flake Fade Guide Test Dirt App. SWP Colonial Yellow Guide Reg. 4-50, White 15844F Rx 465 reg. 3303Y 7 3m 10 10 4 54 45 45-2 Same, hut center 3303^ 1/3 (RANC i 20 dry) Self-primed 3303Y 7 7 8m 10 10 4 6 6 5 4 8m 10 10 3 6 6 5 3 46 TxRC/20 3304Y 6 3m 10 ~10 5 5 4 4 4 46-2 Self-primed 3304Y 6 2m 10 10 4 5 4 4 3 47 RANC/566 3305Y 6 8m 10 10 4 5 4 5 3 47-2 Self-primed 3305* 6 7m 10 10 3 5 4 5 3 48 RC/566 3306Y 7 2m 10 10 3 5 6 4 2 48-2 Self-primed 3306Y SWP Westchester Gray Guide Rx 450 White, plus 477 15849 Left 1/3 3303G 6 5 2m 10 10 2 5 6 5 2 8m 10 10 2 -- .. 5 2 50 50-2 Same hut center 3303G 5 (RANC - 20 dry) Self-primed 3303G 5 8m 10 io 2 6 6 5 2 7m 10 10 2 6 7 5 2 51 RC/20 3304g 6 5m 10 10 4 6 6 5 4 51-2 Self-primed 334G 7 3m 10 10 4 6 6 5 4 52 RANC/566 33050 7 7m 10 10 3 6 6 6 3 52-2 Self-primed 33050 6 7m 10 10 3 6 7 6 3 53 RC/566 3306G 6 2m 10 10 3 6 6 6 3 53-2 Self-primed 33060 6 2m 10 10 3 6 6 6 3 T.P. Co.. Paints, White Guide as 15835, hut T.P. 's 15854 reg, primer 3299 5 1527-15(left acd eenter parts all^thisNprimer) T.P. No. 55 T.P. White, with 1527-1 U TxA-MO/KA 55-2 Self-primed 1527-1 4 7-9m 10 7m 10 7m 10 5 8 8 6 4-6 5 34 3 5 554 0007-SWP-045962 0007-SWP-000115335 -7- Panel No. 15856 Description A-M0/RA-1G PB Jo. Chalk T-P. ho. 1527-2 4 Surf. Mildev Gen. Check Creek ^lake ?&de Guide Test Dirt App. 8m 10 9 5 343 56-2 57 57-2 58 58-2 Self-primed TxA.l66-L0 Self-primed As I5856 but 45X Self-primed 1527-2 3 - 527-3 4 -527-3 4 1527-4 6 1527-4 6 8m 10 9' 6m 10 4 8m 10 6 7m 10 8 6m 10 7 5454 5454 5 465 5 444 5 444 59 59-2 A-MO/RA-IO but 1527-5 6 2 lead -nine changes part m Self-primed 1527-5 5 5m 10 10 5 4 6433 6555 60 , 60-2 r c h t /a -mo Self-primed 1527-6 4 1527-6 4 258 part m 6m 10 5 7 75 6 76 56 61 61-2 As 60, but 45X Self-primed 1527-7 5 1527-7 5 25 9 part m 4m 10 7 5 756 5 756 62 62-2 As 60, but more 1527-3 6 extender Self-primed 1527-8 6 4m 7m 8 6m 10 8 5 75 5 5 766 63 63-2 A16Q-L0 and RA-10 Self-primed 1527-9 9 1527-9 9 3m 10 7 3m 10 7 5 733 5 733 64 RCET/A-MO 1527-10 8 2m 10 10 6844 64-2 Self-primed 1527-10 8 2m 10 10 6833 T.P. Co. Tints, Gray Guide as 49* but T.P. Co. HQ No. 15865 Primer 33030 6 T.P. No. 66 T.P. Special 1527-11 6 RANC/45X/CaCO?/ ZnO 66-2 Self-primed 1527-H 6 7m 10 10 2 4m 10 10 3 6 8 5 3 4m 10 10 3 6 8 5 3 0007-SWP-045963 0007-SWP-000115336 8- - Panel Mo.Description RB Surf. Mildew No. Chalk Check Crack Flake Fade Guide Test Dirt App. 15867 RAi.C/Zr.O/CaCO3 1527-12 9 2m 10 10 5 6 6 4 67-2 Self-primed 1527-12 9 2m 10 10 5 6 6 4 68 68-2 RC/ZnO/45X Self-primed 1527-13 7 2 7m 10 3 6 10 6 part m 1527-13 7 2m 9m 10 3 6 10 6 69 RC/ZnO/45X/ 1527-14 9 0 8m 10 5 6 Ti 4 CaC03 69-2 Self-primed 1527-14 9 0 10 10 5 6 7 5 T.P. White, with Special Primer Guide as before, but T.P. Special 15870 Primer, which is HB 3299 4 8m 10 5 6 65/35 RC/asbestlne 71 As 15863, hut 1527-9 7 2m* 10 10 5 82 spec. pr. 71-2 Self-primed 1527-9 7 2m 10 10 583 72 As 15864, but 1527-10 6 3a 8m 10 spec. pr. 72-2 Self-primed 1527-10 6 3m 8m 10 585 585 Sen. 5 5 3 3 5 5 5 2 3 5 5 This la mostly wrinkles and pitting. 0007-SWP-045964 0007-SWP-000115337 Examination at 4 Years, Chicago Panel SOUTH Gen. No. Chalk Check Crack Eros'n Fade Dirt App. Guide 15835 6 10 7-8 5-6 66 SWp Fume Resisting 15836 6 10 7m 6 66 NORTH Gen. Chalk Crack Eros'n Fade Dirt App. 6 10 6-7 55 6 10 6 55 36-2 6 10 8m 5 76 6 10 5 55 37 7 37-2 6 10 8m 5 10 8m 4 66 76 6 10 6 10 6 6 55 66 33 7 36-2 7 39 7 10 9m 5 10 9m 4 10 9m 6 76 75 66 6 7m 6 7m 6 8m 5 5 6 5M 5 6m 5 55 , 39-2 7 10 8m 5 SWP Gloss White 15840 6 10 9m 5 76 76 40-2 6 10 9m 4 76 41 7 10 9m 5 76 41-2 6 10 9m 4 76 42 5 10 m 6 65 42-2 5 43 7 10 5 5 part m 10 9m 5 65 76 43-2 7 10 7m SWP Colonial Yellow 4 75 15844 8 10 10 6-7 4 4m 4 45 8 10 10 7 4 4M 4 45-2 8 10 10 6 4 4M 4 46 8 10 10 5 644 46-2 8 10 10 6 555 6 8m 5 10 5 10 6 10 6 10 58 5 8m 7 10 6 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 8 10 6 6 5 6 5 6 6 6 5 84 74 74 66 76 66 66 65 66 65 65 65 66 65 4m 4 4m 4 4M 4 4m 5 4M 5 0007-SWP-045965 0007-SWP-000115338 -10- Panel SOOTH Gen. No. Chalk Check Crack Eros 'n Fade Dirt App. 15347 9 10 10 7 ' 5 4 5 47-2 9 10 10 7 4 5 C J 43 9 4M 10 5 333 48-2 9 4m 10 5 333 49 7 10 10 6 46 5 50 8 10 10 5 464 50-2 8 10 10 6 465 51 8 10 10 3 363 51-2 7 . 52 8 52-2 8 10 10 4 363 10 10 4 Y3 5 4 10 10 4 Y3 6 h 53 8 7m 10 4 Y2 5 3 53-2 7 7m 10 5 Y2 5 3 T.P. Co. Paints, White 54 6 10 7-8 5-6 66 55 6 6m 5 Y54 55-2 5 9m 5 Y54 56 5 * 56-2 5 8m 5 9m 5 Y54 Y 54 57 6 57-2 5 58 6 5m 4 4 65 part m 5m 4 4 65 part m 8m 4 Y 6 5 58-2 6 8m 4 Y 65 59 7 8m 4 Y 5 4 59-2 6 8m 3 Y 5 4 NORTH Gen. Chalk Crack Eros'n Fade Dirt App. 8 10 7 5 5M 5 8 10 7 5 5M 5 8 10 5 3 4m 3 8 10 6 3 4m 3 7 10 8 5 4m 4 8 10 n 5 4m 4 8 10 7 4 4m 4 3 10 6 5 5M 5 7 10 7 4 5M 5 3 10 6 5 5 6 8 10 6 4 5 5 8 10 6 4 5 5 8 10 7 4 5 5 6 10 6-7 55 6 10 6 44 6 10 6 44 6 9m 7 44 6 6m 7 44 67 part m 67 part m 6 10 5 5 6 Y 64 64 54 6 10 6 Y 54 68 Part m 65 part m 5 3 Y Y 44 43 0007-SWP-045966 0007-SWP-000115339 -11- Fanel SOUTH Gen. NOME Gen. No. Chalk Check Crack Evos' n Fade Dirt App. Chalk Crack Eros'n Fade Dirt App 15860 60-2 61 6l-2 7 6 ? 7 8m 4 7m 3 333 part m 333 X5 3 X53 X52 X52 7 8 5 y 44 part a 6 7 4 Y 43 part m 7 8 5 Y 44 part m 7 5 4 Y 44 62 62-2 83 7 7 8 5 part m 4 part m Sb 4 3 5 74 73 Y5 4 78 5 4M 4 67 4 54 7 10 7 Y 4 4 63-2 3 9m 5 X54 7 10 6 Y 4 4 64 7 6 part m 6k-2 7 5 part m T.P. Co. Tints. Gray 15865 8 10 10 4 3 6 Y5 4 Y6 4 465 6 8 6 Y 44 6 6 5 Y 54 8 10 6 5 4m 4 66 9 10 10 4 544 9 10 5 4 4 3 66-2 9 10 9 5 4 5 5 9 10 5 4 5 4 67 9 10 10 3 553 9 10 4 5 4 3 67-2 68 9 9 10 9 10 8 5 454 3 *5 4 3 9 10 5 5 4 4 9 10 4 4 4 3 68-2 9 69 ' 8 10 8 2a 6 5 X4 4 3 2 73 4 2 9 10 5 4 9 10 3 Y5 54 32 69-2 8 2a 7 4 Y4 5 4 T.P. White with Special Primer 15970 6 10 7-8m 5 66 9 10 5 Y5 6 10 6-7 33 55 71 7 9m 5 Y55 7 10 7 Y 44 71-2 7 9a 5 X65 7 9 6 Y 44 72 72-2 7 7 9m 4 8d 4 Y6 4 Y64 6 10 6 68 6 55 55 0007-SWP-045967 0007-SWP-000115340 -12- Formulas Involved SWP Undercoater - Rx 450 - KB 3322 Tint Base - RB 3306 Pounds Gallons Material Pounds 100 250 240 120 142 3 Gallons 3/4 28 14-1/2 Material 2077 20 511 18 2174 547 (5094) (2) (310) 440 325 230 412 2140 Titanox RC 506 !/2 32-1/2 19 (5094) (2) (310) 1-1/4 3/4 4 11 (901) (543) (141) (5027) 4 1-1/2 1-1/2 25 (141) (901) (543) (348) Wt./Gal. - A 15.16 Viscosity 33 @ 75 deg. on t3 Wt./Gal. - T 13.73 - A 13.80 Viscosity 19" @ 75 deg. on -,r3 Tint Base - RB 3305 Pounds Gallons Material 440 412 137 1004 Titanox RANC 375 566 1/2 32-1/2 19 (5094) (2) (310) 1-1/4 3/4 4 1/4 (901) (543) (141) (5027) Wt./Gal. - T 14.65 - A 14.6l Viscosity 23" 75 deg. on #3 Tint Base - RB 3304 Pounds Gallons Material 440 412 325 2140 Titanox 1 200 20 1/2 32-1/2 19 (5094) (2) , (310) 1-1/4 3/4 4 13 ('901) (543) (141) (348) Wt./Gal. T 15.00 - A 15.02 Viscosity 37" @ 75 dog. on #3 0007-SWP-045968 0Q07-SWP-000115341 -13- Tint Base - RB 3303 Pounds Gallons Material 440 412 137 1004 - Titanox RANC 325 20 1/2 32-1/2 19 (5094) (2) (310) 1-1/4 3/4 4 17 (901) (5^3) (141) (5027) Wt./Gal. - T 14.30 - A 14.31 Viscosity 22" 0 75 deg on #3 SWP Gloss <rtiite - RB 3302 Pounds Gallons Material 250 20 175 2132 - Titano: 100 1403 - Titano: 200 412 200 1424 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 1-3/4 5/3 4 15-3/4 (901) (543) 141) 348) Wt./Gal. - T 14.46 - A 14.50 Viscosity 26 @ 75 deg on #3 SWP Gloss White - RB 3301 Pounds Gallons Material 30 1004 - Titanox R? 140 1403 - Titanox A 200 412 200 1424 325 20 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 1-3/4 5/8 4 16-3/4 (901) (543) (141) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 14.25 - A 14.23 Viscosity 21" % 75 deg. on #3 0007-SWP-045969 0007-SWP-000115342 -14- SWP Gloss White - RB 3300 Pounds Gallons Material 35 1403 - Titanox A 35 2030 - Titanox AA 200 412 200 1424 325 20 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 1-3/4 5/8 4 18-3/4 (901) (543) (l4l) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 14.25 - A 14.30 Viscosity 25" S 75 deg. cm -;j'3 3WP Gloss white - RB 3299 Pounds Gallons Material 170 1403 - Titanox A 200 412 200 1424 325 20 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 1-3/4 5/8 4 16-3/4 (901) (543) (141) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 14.25 - A 14.31 Viscosity 25" 75 deg. on #3 Fume Resisting White - RB 3328 Pounds Gallons Material 100 1403 Titanox A 100 2030 Titanox AA 290 2059 288 20 32-1/2 19 (a) % (310) 3 1-1/2 2 1-1/4 4 14-lA 4 (5096) (543) (2231) (2236) (l4l) (348) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.33 Viscosity 42" @ 75 deg. on #3 00Q7-SWF-045970 0007-SWP-000115343 -15- Fume Resisting White - RB 3330 Pounds Gallons Material 126 1403 - Titanox A 42 1004 - Titanox RANC 290 2059 314 20 32-1/2 19 (2) (310) 3 1-1/2 2 l-l/4 4 14-1/4 (5096) (543) (2231) (2236) (l4l) (3W) Wt./Gal. - T 13.22 - A 13.23 Viscosity 4l" @ 75 deg. on #3 Fume Resisting White - RB 3329 Founds Gallons Material 290 2059 288 20 200 2030 - Titanox AA 32-1/2 19 -r 3 1-1/2 2 1-1/4 4 14-1/4 3 (2) (310) (5096) (543) (2231) (2236) (141) (348) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 13.29 - A 13.31 Viscosity 41 @ 75 deg. on #3 JWC:ls Rune Resisting White - RB 3331 Pounds Gallons Material 290 2059 112 20 75 1989 246 2132 - Titanox RCE 74 1403 - Titanox A 32-1/2 19 (a) (310) 3 1-1/2 2 1-1/4 4 14-1/4 (5096) (543) (2231) (2236) (l4l) (348) Wt./Gal. - T 13.48 - A 13.45 Viscosity 32" @ 75 aeg. on #3 J. W. CHAPIN 0007-SWP-045971 0007-SWP-000115344 Inspection Trip Exposures - du Pont Electrochemicals Department du Pont Pigments Department Titanium Pigment Corporation National Lead Company June 2D and 21, 1957 General Statement On June 20 Mr, Fasig, Harvey Gehring, Clovis Adams and the writer examined some of the exterior emulsion paint panel exposures of the du Pont Electrochemicals Department. We also examined some of the exterior house paint panel exposures and a few of the house tests put out by the du Pont Pigments Department in or near Wilmington, Delaware. On June 21 Adams, Gehring and the writer examined some of the exterior paint exposure panels of Titanium Pigment Corporation at Sayville, N. Y. Mr. Adams and I also reviewed very quickly some of the 18 M S-W leaded zinc and X basic silicate white lead exposures put out by National Lead Company, also at Sayville. tie had time only to glance at some M 50 basic lead sillco chromate tests. Mr. E. W. Boughton of the R. T. Vanderbilt Company accompanied us on the trip. This report is based on the writer's observations and notes. It may differ in content, interpretation or emphasis from those of the other people making the same inspections. The following comments are offered as general observations: 1. No basically new principles of formulation were presented. 2. Exterior emulsion paints are .receiving more attention each year . that we imake inspections. ..There is a more tolefcant attitude toward application^bf ^ulsionVpa^n^s'^onowood. However',' both du Pont and TPC always -make .many reservations in such- discussions. `O 05 Ji\ There was nothing new to report on preservatives (fungicides). 05 Both du Pont and TPC had about.the same knowledge of Buckman's "toystery'l;preservative as: we, but.no :more. Both are paying more attention>:-to: possible effects of preservatives on the normal chalking rates of paints containing titanium pigments. There are cases where chalking is retarded definitely. k. Where comparisons .ware -nvailable.on,quality control, no evidence was seen that any "one of theVtitaniua pigment producers had a consistent advahtagc.in,'quality'over another. 5> We note ..seme^relaxation in du Font's recommendations for use of low zinc.oxide.- calcium carbonate house paint formulations. They'now; concede a few of the disadvantages of such formulas whichiwe have pointed out in the past. They now admit some merit in magnesium silicate. 0007-SWP-045972 5 1 0Q07-SWP-000115345 -2- 6. Jack Broeker (retired) of du Pont has a very high opinion of our co>fumed leaded zinc - Ozlo 18 M. 7. du Pont has put out a very high style exposure farm booklet. It is illustrated profusely with color pictures of panels, houses, etc. Nevertheless, it is very difficult to use during inspections. The slick paper is hard to write on and the pasted pictures are lumpy and upset the writing. Even more objectionable is their system of consolidating all repeats of each main series on one page of the booklet. Since these repeats may have been put out annually or even oftener there may be as many as eight actual series on one page. Usually there are minor variations each year which are not inclu ded in the printed information. It is almost impossible to write down the details and make observations and notes during the brief time the panels are being described, The lesson to be learned from this is that we should adhere to our present system of making up our booklet on our own exposures. We list each panel by number, with the variations from basic formu lations described briefly. In this way the observer can jot down his observations of each panel quickly and systematically. TPC follows this same plan. 8. du Font have a tremendous number of panels on exposure. However, my personal impression was that the variety of ideas studied and the aims of so many series are hard to comprehend in a necessarily hurried inspection. In contrast, while Titanium Pigment Corpora tion's exposures again are in very considerable numbers, their series are easier to follow, both as to intent and results. 9. du Pont apparently perslBt in their intention to get out of the production of titanium calcium pigments. They probed every way they could to check the reasons for our interest in JO and 50$ ' extended titanium pigments. Apparently their method of produc tion is unprofitable, and the capital investment to put them Into a new and profitable method of production is considered excessive. We said we did have an interest in such pigments, particularly in c 50. 10, du Pont is proceeding further in the direction of producing T10s by the chloride rather than the sulfate process. We have tests In progress to determine whether some instances detected of more chalking, more fading and more susceptibility to rutile yellowing for chloride pigment are characteristic of regular chloride pro duction. 0007-SWP-045&73 0007-SWP-000115346 -3- du Pont Exposures - Electrochemical^ Department, Wilmington, Delaware Herb Beardsley showed us a few of the some 4100 panel exposures of emulsion paints they now have at Newport. These are in addition to some 2000 panels put out originally by Elchem on their own test farm. Most of the panels we saw at Newport were put out in 1955* They were pre ceded by about 3-1/2 years of exposure work at their former test location. The most important comparisons were between their 84-1100 homopolymer polyvinyl acetate, which they are promoting currently, and 81-900 which has been their standard homopolymer for Tome years. To our knowledge du Font has not disclosed the fundamental differences between 84-1100 and 81-900. In one series, put out in September, 1955. Elvacec 84-1100 is showing slower chalking than 81-900. The paints were pigmented at 27$ PVC using a 90/lQ rutile/anatase Ti02 ratio, with 1/5 pound of mica, du Pont now recommends an 80/20 ratio of rutile/anatase Xi02 in 64-1100 whites, and straight R-610 rutile in tints. Another series put out at the same time compares 84-1100 and 81-900 tints with straight R-610 TiOa tinted with phthalo blue. These were at 28$ PVC and used 15$ dibutyl phthalate as the plasticizer. 84-1100 shows better color retention than the 81-900 tints. In general, 84-1100 seems to accept higher pigment loadings than181-900 before loss in performance appears, du Pont prefers 30$ PVC for 84-1/100 paints. 81-900 showed progression in fading, scaling and erosion as PVC's were increased in steps from 15 to 40$. 84-1100 was definitely better after 1-1/2 years' exposure. When painted over weath ered (chalky) house paint on wood, end exposed at 45 for 1-1/2 years, comparisons at 25$ PVC favor 84-1100 over 81-900. When the PVA paints ere applied on glazed cement asbestos shingles, higher PVC's encourage flaking, especially with 81-900. Lower PVC's tend to collect more dirt, higher PVC's show more flaking, if plasticizer contents are increased to accomplish better film consolidation, dirt collection is compromised, du Pont prefers to use sotde anatase ti02 in the white to control dirt on 84-1100 paints. du Pont had a number of extenders under study. These were usually used as single extenders although they would prefer to have some mica present. PVC's were held constant at 27*3$. All the paints looked good after two years on glazed and porous cement asbestos shingles. They were also tested on yellow pine, comparing a regular oil type house paint two coat system vs. one coat oil primer plus one coat emulsion paint vs* two coats emulsion paint self-primed. The oil paint in this group looks very bad due to mold and cracking. We feel there is something wrong in the preparation of this part of the panels and Beardsley agreed. A coat of PVA paint over the oil primer looks better than two coat:s selfprimed, but the former usually shows more mold. 0007-SWP-045974 0007-SWP-000115347 -4- As far as the individual extenders are concerned there was some failure on all. time did not permit making careful comparisons between panels. Mica looked better chan the others, showing less crack ing and erosion. Nytal 300 was not equal to mica and both Asbestine 3 X and Mistron HGO-55 showed definite cracking. ASP clays 400 and 500 showed about the same degree of cracking. Diatomaceous silica, Lorite, barytes. Snowflake Whiting and Wollastonlte showed perhaps somewhat less cracking. In December, 1955 du Pont put out a test on so-called "chalky" surfaces. They applied a water slurry of TIO2 pigment on cement-asbestos shingles, followed by the test paints. On such a surface two coats of Elvacet 84-1100 paint are adhering better than 81-900. The rest of the panels were surface conditoned as listed below, followed by the emulsion topcoats. The present performance of the surface conditioners la as follows: Elvanol-polyvinyl alcohol in aqueous solution. Looks good here but fails on house tests. Elvalan-alkali solution of polyvinyl acetate copolymer. Falls. Beckasol alkyd. Good. Rez. Good. Dulux Reinforcing Oil. Good. Tung oil - 25$ solution in mineral spirits. Good. Pllollte clear. Good, S-W Masonry Primer. Good. PVA emulsion plus alkyd stirred in. Good. PVA emulsion plus tung oil stirred in. Good. They obtained approximately the same results on actual chalky repaint exposures on wood when surface conditioned, topcoated with 81-900 or 84-1109 paints and exposed at 45. 84-1100 again performed better than 81-900. du Pont is interested in a surface conditioner which perhaps would be made up of equal weights of a PVA paint and a 25$ solids solution of an oil or alkyd, plus some added surfactant to assist In the emulsification of the oil or altyd. There was nothing shown us by Electrochemic&ls group that are unusual or not covered in our own exposures. Both they and the Pigments Department show a definite preference for 84-1100 over 81-900. We hanre 84-1100 on test, but normally we do not use homopolymers on exteriors. 0007-SW5-045975 0007-SWP-000115348 -5- du Pont Exposures - Pigments Department - Wilmington, Delaware V/e did not take much time in looking at Ti02 studies in con ventional oil type house paints. We have this pretty veil covered in our own exposures. However, it is interesting to mention certain of their own conclusions: (a) Rutile R-610 is the only rutile grade they recommend for mixing with anatase to reduce chalking of white exterior paints "because it shows the least tendency to show chalk yellowing in the formulas tested." Up to now they have been reluctant to admit our contention that R-610 will also show "rutile yellowing," although less than other freer chalking rutiles. (b) "While straight FF has given good performance in alkyd paints, at least 0$ ofrrutile (on total IiOa) is needed in linseed oil paints, and 70$ to 90^> of rutile is needed to avoid early ero sion in emulsion paints." (c) "Using straight R-610 in combination with selected CaCOg in white exterior paints, the amount of ZnO may be a very import ant factor In film discoloration (chalk yellovlng)." (We find CaCOs increases the tendency toward rutile yellowing. MVL) In a tint base series out two years, with less ziuc oxide and more calcium carbonate, rutile yellowing increased, even with R-610. We examined certain tint base series we have checked in pre vious years (see page 6 et seq. 1956 report). The series we looked at were put out in Hay, 1954 and again in May, 1955* with the latest series put on exposure in May, 1956. The paints are expoaed as whites and tints. The tinting colors include lampblack, P.C. Blue, P.C. Green, Green Gold, chrome yellow, molybdate orange and Parachlor Red. The basic pigmentations (all as oil paints) were: 1. R-6lO/35$ leaded sine/magnesium silicate at 33$ PVC, with 39 lb. leaded zinc per gallon. 2. R-6lO/aclcular zinc oxide/calcium carbonate at 41$ PVC, with 2-1/2 lb. zinc oxide per gallon. 3 R-6l0/acicular zinc oxide/calcium carbonate at 43$ PVC, with 1-1/2 lb. zinc oxide per gallon. 4.R--610/acicular zinc oxide/calcium carbonate at 39$ PVC, with 2--1/2 lb. of zinc oxide per gallon. 0007-SWP-045976 0007-SWP-000115349 -c- Theee basic paints were supplemented by similar paints plus preservatives, with non-reactive pigmented alkyd blister resistant paints, lead-zinc-inert paints of the 1920's, titanium calcium-zinc oxide oil paints, comparisons of U-5IO chloride vs. sulfate, and emul sion paints - 81-900 PVA paints at 18.9$ PVC and 26.7$ PVC and an acrylic AC-33 paint at 28$ PVC. We will not go through all of the individual observations but will mention certain highlights. In general, paints 2, 3 and 4 showed better tint retention and less mold than paint 1, The leadzinc-inert paint looked poor, with considerable dirt and mold. The titanium calcium-zinc oxide palnt9 did not perform well, showing fading and mold. The blister resistant tints still looked anemic. The poly vinyl acetate paints were as good in color as any, and were clean. The acrylic paint was slightly dirtier than the polyvinyl acetate paints. In the May, I956 series Elvacet 84-1100 showed better color retention than 81-900 or the acrylic. Parachlor Red was still holding a fair tint in the low PVC PVA paint. Molybdate Orange was better than Parachlor Red in the oil paints but poorer In the emulsions. At three years R-510 chloride, R-510 sulfate and R-610 sulfate were about equal in tint retention. At two years there was an indication that R-510 chloride was somewhat cleaner than R-610 suggesting that It may not hold dirt as much as R-610. We examined a number of bright colored house paint exposures, one series dating back to 1932, another back to 1954. In general, du Pont stress the advisability of keeping white pigments out of deep colors* Extenders act like white pigments in increasing fading. Where whites are used cine oxide-calcium carbonate paints are better than leaded zinc-magnesium silicate, with non-reactive pigmentations in alkyd vehicles, high FVC's gave poor tint retention, while with low PVC's they encountered blistering and wrinkling. Vannoy pointed out the need for an altyd vehicle for bliater resistant paints which will bond to burned off zinc-containing chalked paint surfaces. On yellovs, normal amounts of zinc oxide are required to con trol mildew. Green Cold looks good in the altyd, cadmium yellow does not. Xi-Tiot Yellow-zinc oxide-calcium carbonate looks good in an oil paint but Is expensive. Parachlor Red-zinc oxide-calcium carbonate looks quite good and bright, but any "milkiness" cannot be improved by dropping the zinc oxide because of mold. P.C. blues with R-610/zinc oxide/calcium carbonate show fair tint retention. Indanthrene blue fades earlier fiid&P.C. blue but does not fade as far on prolonged exposure. R^lsl&loride process is about equal to R-610 In P.C. Green tints but shows more fading with P.C. blues. Suprex Clay shows better 0CIO7-SWP-045977 0007-SWP-000115350 7- - color. retention than ASP-400. Nytal 300 with Green Gold in an alkyd vehicle looks clean and bright. Toluidine Red versus cadmium red shows reversals - it is better on vertical north exposures, poorer on the south. du Pont's exposures of flat exterior house paints are mostly of relatively recent origin (about one year) so they feel their find ings are not conclusive. Also they are not very helpful to us as they are mostly high PVC formulas (40 to 70$)# using "flat alkyd" vehicles. Their formulas usually include 1/2 pound of diatoinaceous silica per gallon, combined with 1-1/4 to 3-7/8 pounds of magnesium silicate or 2-1/2 to 6 pounds of calcium carbonate. Apparently no attention was paid to PVC/CPVC relationships. Taking the above into consideration, they report the following: 1. When used on wood, flBt paints require either special primers or special reduction of the first coat to avoid: (a) Early flaking, or (b) Staining by leaching of soluble materials from the wood (True if PVC>CPVC - HVL.) 2. Alkaline extenders cause rutile yellowing. (This is terrific as formulas go down in zinc oxide and up in PVC, when CaCOa Is the extender - MVL.) 3. Magnesium silicate gives better chalk fade resistance than CaC03 in tinted or bright color flat house paints, but more, mold. The following du Pont bouse tests were inspected: 1. Humphrey house. The major portion of the house (brick and wood siding) was painted in Hay, 1934, using a conventional linseed oil primer-house paint system. It is compered with an Elvacet 81-900, polyvinyl acetate paint self-primed, pigmented with R-610 /FF/mica at 27$ PVC. The PVA paint looks better than the oil paint and holds less dirt, but it had peeled in some spots on the old oil paint. Tha peeled sections were touched up in October, 1933 by removing the paint down to the wood and two coats of PVA paint were applied. These repaired spots are still intact, but other areas are again peeling over the old oil paint. This shows there is still a moisture problem. There is some intarcoat peeling between the PVA paint and the oil paint on the bricks next to the ground. 0007-SWP-045978 0Q07-SWP-000115351 -8- 2. Powell house. This house has porous cement asbestos shingles as the siding material. It was first painted on the front and foundation only with an oil paint. This was chalking freely in June, 1954 when two coats of paint were applied. The paint used on the whole house except for the comparison area on the rear (southeast) was a white Elvacet 81-900 emulsion paint, pigmented with R-SlO/f'F/SiOa at 27.7$* This paint held well on the unpainted shingles but peeled badLy from the chalky oil paint. The comparison paint was a regular primer-oil paint system. The primer was zincless and the top coat was a TIOg/zinc oxide/calcium carbonate paint. The oil paint held to the old paint very well, but now shows erosion, mold and has a yellow cast. It also holds dirt under the eaves. The PVA paint on the comparison area is clean, is chalking freely but shows no erosion as yet. In August, 1955, the front of the house was repainted. The peeling paint on the front was removed by steaming and scraping, treated with a commercial conditioner, then given two coats of Elvacet 81-900 emulsion paint. A small amount of peeling has reappeared on the window trim. 3* Kiser house. The siding on this house was porous buff cement asbestos shingle, painted in July, 1954 with light green paints. The test area is on the rear, which faces north. The paints and their current condition are as follows: (a) R-610/zinc oxide/calcium carbonate top coat over zincleaa pri mer, tinted with P. C. Green. It is uniform and shows the best tint retention of the various psints in this test. (b) R-6l0/zinc oxide/magnesiua silicate/siOg Pliolite paint. It shows bad fading and definite chalk. PVC was 57.1$. ' (c) R-6l0/magnesium silicate acrylic paint - 30$ PVC. Shows good tint retention but has collected soma dirt and mold. It shows some chalk. (d) R-6l0/mlca Elvacet 81-900 paint at 27*8$ PVC. It shows definite chalk with some fade due to a white face. There are no film failures in any of the paints after three years' exposure. 0007-SWP-045979 0007-SWP-000115352 4-. Morgan house. This is a previously unpainted cement asbestos shingle house, test painted in July, 1956 with two coats of yellow paint, tinted with Green Gold. The test area is on the rear of the house or north side. The paints and their present condition are as follows: (a) R-610/mica Elvacet 81-900 paint at 20$ PVC. In good condition, with slight dirt collection. (b) R-6l0/Hi-Sil/mica/diatomaceous silica' flat alkyd paint at 36.1$ PVC. Good condition, slight mildew here, although it showed definite mold growth on panel tests. (c) R-610/calcium carbonate/mica/diatomaceous silica flat alkyd paint at 54.4$ PVC. lint retention not quite equal to (b), but is clean and in good condition. (d) R-610/magnesium silicate acrylic paint at 25$ PVC. Tint retention Is good but slightly gray, with slight mold. (e) R-610/mica Elvacet 84-1100 paint at 20$ PVC. There is more dirt than on the 81-900 paint, with some streaks of mold. The PVC should be Increased for best performance. 5. Walther house. This house has porous cement asbestos shingles which had been painted with an oiL paint. It was chalking freely at the time of the test painting in October, 1926. It was given two coats of paint, tinted with P.C. Blue and lampblack. The tests were applied on the north or rear aide. The paints and their present condition are as follows: (a) R-610/calcium carbonate/mica/diatomaceous silica Pliolite paint at 59>5$ PVC. The film is O.K. but flat and faded,, (b) Conventional primer-house paint system. Top coat R-610/Zn0/ CaC03. Considerable fading, white and blotchy. (c) R-610/magnesium silicate cyclopentadlene oil paint at 31$ PVC. This section has a high uniform gloss, with a brown cast. (d) R-6l0/mica/calcium carbonate/dlatomaceous Bilica flat alkyd paint at 53.4$PVC. It shows no chalk. (e) r -610/mica/magnasium silicate/diatomaceous flat alkyd paint at 46.1$ PVC. This paint is darker than (d), showing better tint retention. 0007-SWP-045980 -10- Tltanium Pigment Corporaclon - Sayvllle. Long Island, N. Y. We have reported previously that Titanium Pigment Corpora tion put out an extensive group of exposures to check on our question of their quality control of HA NC production. These were put out in August, 1956 and represent the largest single group TPC has ever put out on exposure. The pigments were made into white, green and blue maleic alkyd enamels, at 18$ PVC before shading. They were applied one coat over one coat of house paint primer on small cedar panels and exposed k$ south* They were also made into the SWP tint base formula (with Ozlo 18 M) in white, green and blue, at 36.7$ PVC. They were exposed two coats self-primed on cedar bevel siding, south vertical. They were also made into four types of emulsion paints acrylic AC-33, homopolymer polyvinyl acetate Elvacet 81-900, copolymer 12 K 55 and styrene butadiene Dow X-2562. The emulsion paints were applied on unglazed asbestos shingles. The pigmentation in the emul sion paints was 200 pounds HO2 plus 78# magnesium silicate, at 30$ PVC for the acrylic and polyvinyl acetate paints and 35$ for the styrene butadiene paints. Other series Include alkyd flat exterior paints and an alkyd-Chlorowax enamel. Chrome oxide was used for the green paints and P.C. Blue for the blue tints. The emulsion paints were brushed two coats self-primed on unglazed cement asbestos shingles and exposed south vertical. In most of Che series there are: 7 lots of Tltanox RA NC (TPC) 3 lots of Tltanox RA 30 (TPC) 1 lot of Tltanox RA (TPC) 11 lots of Ti-Pure R-610 (du Pont) 3 lots of Tl-Pure R-510 (du Pont) 1 lot of Unltane 0R-6U0 (Caleo) 2 lots of Unltane 0R-54O (Calco) . in most of the series comparisons are Included of the extended titanium calcium pigments, one lot each, of Tltanox RC (TPC), Tltanox RC HT (TPC), TiVCal R-60 (du Pont) and Ti-Cal R-27 (du Pont), One lot of Tltanox RA NC (D56F19#7A) was selected for blue tone and was expected to show low chalk resistance. Gar Schurr examined these panels on April 9 end his report dated April 15 should be consulted as to their condition at that time. In some cases, chalking and fading has advanced definitely since then. The following covers current observations, largely confined to devia tions from normal behavior. 0007-SWP-04S981 -11- In the pure titanium oxides, the TPC RA NC sample D56F19#7A (S-14) and RA (S-28) are rather weak on fading throughout, as was expected. Ti-Pure R-610 aample S-17, Ti-Pure R-510 sample S-7 and Unitane 0R-540 sample S-9 ahow somewhat reduced chalk resistance com pared with other lots of similar grade. Unitane OR-540 sample S-8 is slightly weak. Ti-Pure R-510 sample S-7 varies, slightly weak in one group, better in two others. The non-chalking extended rutile calcium pigments Titancx RC and Ti-Pure R-60 look good, with Titanoi: RC HI showing more fading but Ti-Pure R-27 definitely the most fading. Care has to be taken in rating the extended pigments as they faded first but apparently do not hold the chalk. Especially in the emulsion paints the non-chalking rutile calcium pigments might rate as better than the pure TiOs's, but if the chalk face is shed freely erosionfmay be rapid, In some cases with the pure oxides the first samples to s^ow chalk may look good now, as they, too, shed the chalk. ? i The styrene butadiene serlea showed more fadingithan any of the serlea. There was some fading on all of the house paint tints based on the S-W zinc containing tint base. The flat house paint series looked a trifle better than the S-w type tints. The enamels were generally better in tint retention. The acrylics showed much less fading than styrene butadiene, and both the homo- and copolymer polyvinyl acetates were very close to the acrylic. The styrene butadiene paints were 5^ higher in PVC than the other emulsion paints. Contrary to TPC'a contention that RA-50 has gloss and tint retention at least equal to RA NC, we usually rated RA NC as superior in these series. In addition, we generally rated the R-510 samples higher than the RA 50's, but not equal to RA NC or R-610, There are not sufficient data as yet to consent on any quality differences between RA KC and R-610 as shown in the various production samples under test. We checked a number of TPC'a regular series. The 1952 and 1953 commercial gloss white house paint series Include some of our principal competitors' products. The paints put out in 1952 are now as follows: National Lead #110. Some cracking, some erosion. Sherwin-Willlsms #471. Some cracking on one poor white pine board, slight on others. Best paint on north. Patterson-Sargent #218. Some cracking, looks best on south exposure now but mildewed early. Still shows mold on north. 0007-SWP-045982 0007-SWP-000115355 -12- Benjamin Moore #100. Some checking and cracking, definite erosion both south and north, Devoe - checked and cracked, bad yellow-gray color. Ihe 1953 series are particularly interesting because they show how sensitive the old lead-in-oil and lead-zinc-extender paints were to variations in the wood substrate. Commercial house paints show much less difference over cedar and white pine. Comparing the same paints as in the 1952 series, we observe the following: National Lead #110. Some cracking. Sherwin-Williams #471- Very slight cracking on white pine. Looks very good compared with others. Patterson-Sargent #218. Mold on both south and north. Poor appearance. Benjamin Moore #100, Some erosion. A series of commercial white house paints put out in June, 1955 m general are all still in good condition. Special comments are as follows: National Lead #110. Beautiful flow. Good condition. Shervin-Williams #471. O.K. but shows a shallow . putting which shoved up immediately on white pine. Frank Smith says this is due to the texture of the wood. Pittsburgh Plate Glass 1-40. O.K. No special comments. du Pont #40. Poor flow. Holding dirt under laps of siding. ' Sears #143. O.K. No special conments. Montgomery Ward 75-1* O.K. No special comments. Devoe #547. Slightly grayer on south, definitely so on north. In November, 1953 TPC put out a series of high hiding - one coat house paints, one coat over a coat of primer on cedar and white pine. Comments on the proprietary one coat house paints in this series may be of Interest. Most are in good condition except Socony's paint. Individual comments follow. 0007-SWP-045983 0007-SWP-000115356 -13- SWP 476 One Coat House Paint. Looks very good. Pittsburgh Plate Glass. Ho special comments. Jones-Blair. Some spores both south and north. Devoe. No special comments. These paints were also applied one coat over bare wood. SWP 476 One Coat House Paint looks good, but not quite equal to one of TPC's specials based on 8$ Titanox A 168/15$ Titanox RA 50/77$ Titanox RC HT in a raw and bodied linseed/long oil alkyd/chlorinated paraffin vehicle at 33$ PVC. TPC would now recommend TtOg plus ex tenders. Devoe's paint looks poor and Socony's paint 19 dirty and mildewed. Another series of high hiding white house paints was put out in June, 1955. ln general, the proprietary paints look good, except for Devoe's which la grey-yellow and mildewed both on south and north. National Lead has nice flow, Searsr is O.K. and Ward's shows very slight mildew on the south and mildew on the north. In June, 1956 TPC put out a group of commercial flat exterior paints, two coats self-primed on cedar siding. Their identification and current condition are as follows: Brand Pigmentation Vehicle PVC $ Condition Yellow Moore TiOg-extender Alkyd 61 O.K. S-W TIO2-extender* Alkyd-oil 34 Very slight fade, mildew. Norfolk TiOg- extender Copolymer oil 46 Bad fade and mildew. National Lead TIOa-lead-extender Linseed oil 55 O.K. (Cont.) 0007-SWP-045984 0007-SWP-000115357 -14- Brand Pigmentation Vehicle pvc 3 Condition White Moore As above As above As above Good color. S-W * Norfolk tl M nn tf ft 1! ft It H Mildew north. tt t) Poor color and mildew. National Lead 1M M f It ft Good color. *Note - Recent revision Includes leaded zinc to control mildew. We will send T?C new formula for exposure and to test on their blister box. In October, 1955 TPC Put out an interesting series to determine the best type of coating to be used as an exterior tint base. Tlie paints were applied as two coat work over both weathered cement asbestos shingles and cedar aiding. There are two gloss tints at 33# PVC in a linseed oil vehicle, with the following pigmentations, respectively (applied over oil primer): (a) 17.3$ Titanox RA NC/29$ zinc oxide/33.4$ CaC0g/20.3^ chrome yellow. (b) 52.7$ Titanox RC/28.2$ zinc oxide/19.1$ chrome yellow. The following flat exterior tints were applied two coats, self-primed: (c) 22.4^ Titanox RA NC/50 CaC03/27.6# chrome yellow at 5Q PVC in alkyd vehicle. (d) 60.4$ Titanox RA NC/39.6# chrome yellow at 35$ PVC in acrylic emulsion. * (e) 60.4$ Titanox RA HC/39.6^ chrome yellow at 35$ PVC in copolymer polyvinyl acetate emulsion. (f) 60.4$ Titanox RA NC/39*6$ chrome yellow at 35# PVC in butadiene styrene emulsion. The yellow gloss oil paints on asbestos shingles are mottled and show slight fading on both shingles and cedar. The flat alkyd paint is uniform vith only slight fading. All the emulsion paints show more fading end the'butadiene emulsion paint has faded worst, with a pink cast. Green paints of the same types, using chrome oxide greens, perform in the same order. 0007-SWP-045985 0007-SWP-000115358 -15- A somewhat similar series of tint studies was put out In May, 1956. The number of surfaces was increased to Include: Cement block Stucco Glazed asbestos Weathered New bevel shingles Weathered New shakes asbestos shingles siding asbestos shingles In the case of the two gloss oil paints they were applied as topcoats over a zincless house paint primer. The flat alkyd and the emulsion paints were applied two coats self-primed. The paints were as follows: (a) 17$ Titanox RA NC/29$ zinc oxide/34$ CaC03 tinted with chrome yellow, gloss paint with linseed oil vehicle at 33$ PVC. (b) 53$ Titanox RC/28$ zinc oxide/19$ chrome yellow, gloss paint using linseed oil, 33$ PVC, (c) 38$ Titanox RA NC/16$ CaC03/46$ Hansa Yellow, flat alkyd, 50$ PVC. (d) 68$ Titanox RA NC/32$ Hansa Yellow, acrylic emulsion paint, 30$ PVC. (e) 68$ Titanox RA NC/32$ Hansa Yellow, polyvinyl acetate copolymer, 30$ PVC. (f) 68$ Titanox RA NC/32$ Hansa Yellow, styrene butadiene, 30$ PVC. The color differences were much the same regardless of sub strate. The gloaa oil paints with chrome yellow are stronger than the rest of the paints, which use Hansa Yellow. The color of the flat alkyd la still fairly good. The emulsion paints fade more than the flat alkyd. The acrylic and polyvinyl acetate paints fade slightly more than tha flat alkyd. Again, styrene butadiene shows bad fading with a pink cast. Another series of flat exterior paints was put out in May, 1956. These paints were put out in tints as gray (lampblack), light blue (P.C. Blue), light green (chrome oxide) and light yellow (Hansa). The paints were prepared at 50$ PVC in a straight alkyd vehicle, using the following pigmentations: (a) 130#-Titanox RA HC/365# natural calcium carbonate 00 130# Titanox RA 50/365# " " " (c) I30# Titanox RA 50/320# natural calcium sulfate (<0 433# Titanox RC/86# natural calcium carbonate. 0007-SWP-045986 0007-SWP-000115359 -16- The results are about the same or all of the tints. In the blues and greens (b) shows slightly more fading than (a), (c) is quite bright, (d) shows bad fading and chalk mask and more tendency to water spot, TPC rates Titanox RC as suitable for use in tints at lover PVC's but not as high as 50$, as in this series. We avoid using calcium car bonate with titanium calcium as this combination promotes checking and rutile yellowing. It is worth noting that in another aeries of whites and greens, a high rosin tall oil varnish is starting to split in one year. We had better success with a low rosin tall oil varnish. TPC has a complicated exposure series of emulsion paints on various surfaces, put out In September, 1954. Their condition at the time of examination last year is described on pages 22 - 25 of the 1956 report. All the emulsion paints were pigmented with 70$ Titanox RA NC/30$ magnesium silicate at 35ft PVC. Their present condition (after 2-3/4 years) is as follows: Surface Buta diene Styrene 512 K Poly styrene BKS 92 2 coat8 on weathered asbestos shingles O.K. Off 2 coats on glazed asbestos shingles Scaling Peeled PVA Co PVA Homo polymer polymer Everflex G WC-130 O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. Acrylic AC-33 AC-33 + 25* Glyptal 2503 O.K. More chalk than PVA. O.K. Less chalk than straight AC-33 O.K. O.K. 2 coats on O.K. weathered stucco O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. 2 coats on new cedar siding Some Very bad chipping flaking, and. erosion Some cracking (Cont.) Slight cracking Slight Very cracking slight cracking 0007-SWP-045987 0007-SWP-000115360 -17- Surface Buta diene Styrene 512 K Poly styrene BKS 92 PVA Co polymer Everflex G PVA Homopolymer Acrylic WC-130 AC-33 AC-33 + 25$ Glyptal 2503 1 coat over 0,K. H.P. Primer on new cedar O.K. Slight cracking O.K. Spotty mildew Very slight mildew 1 coat on chalky paint Peeled Peeled Peeled Mostly gone Quite Good Best; slight cracking 2 coats on cement block Gray spotting, peeling. Gray spotting, peeling. Slight chipping O.K. O.K. O.K. The condition of one coat over chalty paint is a very tough test, and the straight acrylic and the alkyd modified acrylic are doing the best job. TPC is quite high on tills alkyd modification of AC-33. The next series has been reported previously in 1933 and 1956. Using a basic pigmentation of 70$ Titanox RA 50/30$ magnesium silicate at 35$ PVC, it compares the following polymers, two coats on "aetnlweathered" asbestos shingles. The series was put out in September, 1934 and now represents 2-3/4 years on exposure. Emulsion Asbestos Shingles Everflex 6 co-polymer PVA WC-I30 post plasticized PVA Cal Ink post plasticized PVA Beechnut EC-101 copolymer PVA Rational Starch 12 K 51 copolymer PVA Polycrown AX post plasticized PVA Polyco 322 post plasticized PVA TS-22 post plasticized PVA du Pont 61-900 post plasticized PVA Monsanto SC post plasticized PVA AC-33 acrylic 312 K butadiene styrene 762 U butadiene styrene Saran vinylidene chloride-acrylonitrile Hycar 1552 Acrylonitrile-Butadiene Vinac P-100.copolymer PVA BKS 92 Polystyrene Good Chipping Good Small blisters Good Good Good Good Chipping Good Good; chalky. Good Good Bad flaking Very bad flaking (worst) Good Bad flaking 0007-SWP-045988 00Q7-SWP-000115361 -18- TPC put out a series of emulsion paints in August, 1955 to determine the effect of pigment volume concentration on color retention. These are blue tints and rose tints of polyvinyl acetate paints, applied two coats self-primed on weathered asbestos shingles. National Starch's copolymer 12 K 51 at 35$ PVC is used as a compari son paint, with the tests including Celaneae 202 and Jones-Dabney's Polytex 600 at 30, bO and 50$ PVC. The pigmentation is a combination of Titanox RA NC and calcium carbonate. In each case the 30$ PVC paint is the best, 40$ PVC intermediate, and the 50$ PVC shews con siderable fade. -- A series was put out in November, I95I*. to determine the relative durability of a pigment combination of 70$ Titanox RA50/30$ magnesium silicate in Norvan G copolymer polyvinyl acetate at differ ent PVC1s. The paints were applied two coats self-primed on regular asbestos shingles. All the paints are in good condition after 2-1/2 years of weathering. At 15$ PVC there is very slight chalk and about the same at 20$. There is a break in chalk rate at 25$ PVC, increas ing at 30 and 35$, to definite chalk at 40$ PVC. When 25$ of the RA 50 was replaced with anatase Titanox A 168 all the paints chalked more freely and were much whiter. National Lead Company. Sayvllle, New York Tima did not permit any lengthy review of National Lead's exposures. Again we checked their series 11966-11989 put out in October, 1955. The pigmentation includes 1.75 pounds of Titanox A MO and 5 pounds of oil per gallon with magnesium silicate varied to main tain the PVC at 33l$ The active pigments - lead and zinc - were varied to obtain the desired percent of active lead or zinc content on the oil present. National Lead considered zinc oxide as having 100$ available reactivity, basic carbonate white teed 33$, basic sili cate white lead 45 X 45$ and basic sulfate white lead 20$. The weight percentage of available active pigment on oil ran 10, 20, 40, 55, 80 'and 100$, with some necessary omissions. There is not much to report as different from prevloua years except normal progress of exposure during an additional year. It will be recalled that film performance improved as zinc oxide increased from 1/2 to 4 pounds per gallon, with control of mold at one pound of zinc oxide and above. Low lead sulfate contents permitted mold, high contents showed erosion, Basic carbonate white lead looks relatively good - in earlier stages it showed mold at lover concentrations. Basic silicate also showad mold at low concentrations but higher con centrations gave clean films. 0007-SWP-045989 0007-SWP-000115362 -19- We also inspected another series of reactivity test house paint panels put out In November, I953, numbered 12032-37* Thu paints were made at 32$ PVC in a linseed oil vehicle and applied as two coats self-primed on Yellow Fine and cedar. Our special Interest lay in Che Inclusion o Oslo 18 M in one of the paints in the series. Fanel Xo replace LOO lb. FbZn ZnO m PbZn Pounds Per Gallon 18m 45X ZnO Hg.Sil. XiO? 12032 Control ---- 4.6 3*07 1.63 12033 Std. 8o Substitution -- -- 5.69 -- 3.48 1.63 12034 45X for BSWL by Vol. 65 22 -- -- 1.03 2.98 3.07 1.63 12035 65 18 -- -- .85 2.98 3.2 1.63 12036 65 15 -- -- .69 2.98 3.3 1,63 12037 65 12 -- -- .56 2.98 3.4 1.63 12038 65 9 -- -- .42 2.98 3.5 1.65 12039 65 :6 -- -- *28 2.98 3.6 I.63 12040 12041 12042 12043 12044 12045 55 22 55 18 55 15 55 12 55 9 55 6 -- -- 1.03 2.55 3.27 1*65 -- -- .85 2.55 3-38 1.67 -- -- .69 2.55 3.47 1.69 -- -- .56 2.55 3.57 1.71 -- -- .42 2.55 3*66 1.72 .28 2.55 3*75 1.73 0007-SWP-045990 0007-SWP-000115363 -20. We will not try to describe all details of performance of the various paints. Panel 12033 with Oslo 18 M looks very good at this time. 1203k with k5X replacing basic sulfate white lead by volume is also good. Panels 12036 and 37 are showing some intercoat peeling. National Lead do not blame the paint for this failure but attribute the peeling to the fact that the panels were painted in November. There would be a good possibility of moisture on the first coat when the second coat was applied. MVL:AR M. VAN LOO Director of Paint Research 0007-SWP-O45991 0007-SWP-000115364 Inspection Trip Exposures - Titanium Pigment Corporation du Pont Pigments Department June 26 and 27, 1958 General Statement On June 26 Mr. E. W. Pasig and the writer examined some of the exterior house paint panel exposures at Sayville, New York and two house tests on Long Island, prepared by the Titanium Pigment Corporation. Me also spent a few minutes with the National Lead Company, primarily on their M 50 basic lead silico chromate and ver^briefly on 45 X basic silicate white lead. On June 27 we inspected some of the panel exposures of the du Pont Pigments Department as well as several of their test houses. The following comments are offered as general observations: 1. We can repeat with considerable firmness statement number four of our 1957 inspection report: "Where comparisons were available on quality control, no evidence was seen that any one of the titanium pigment producers had a consistent advantage in quality over another." 2. Both TPC and du Pont continue to place considerable emphasis on the exposure of exterior emulsion paints, primarily of the poly vinyl acetate end acrylic types, with TPC elso doing a consider able amount of work on Lytrcn 680. TPC has abandoned further testing of styrene butadiene in ary new series and will use Lytron 680 instead. The preferred formulations of certain emulsion paints are performing very well on masonry surfaces and some look quite good on wood. 5. Higher pigment volume emulsion paints are showing up somewhat better than had been anticipated. In many cases chalking is less (or less chalk is retained) on the higher PVC paints (as ve have found da our own exposures). Erosion will have to be checked at later stages of exposure to determine whether chalking might be faster but less adherent at higher FVC's. 4. An oil primer appears to be essential so far on bare wood under emulsion topcoats to develop optimum performance of the emulsion paints. 5 While we did not explore the area of film preservatives, it is obvious that they have not discovered anything new. Both have a "wait and see" attitude on Busan 11. 6. Flat alkyd paints still hold some interest. . As in all previous inspection trips, Titanium Pigment "orporatidhy Hatidnal teed and du Pont did everything possible to make our trip pleaatnt and informative. One of the highlights was an opportunity to go `through the new Pigments, Plastics and Paper laboratory du Pent has erected at Chestnut Hill, 0007-SWP-045992 0007-SWP-000115365 -2- Tltanlum Pigment Corporation - Sayvllle, Long Island, N. Y. Previous inspection trip reports have outlined an extensive exposure series put out by TPC in August, 1956 to test the quality con trol of their production of controlled chalking rutile TiOg. the titanium oxide pigments include: 7 lots of titanox RA NC (TPC). 5 lots of Titanox RA 50 (TPC) 1 lot of Titanox RA (TPC) 11 lots of Ti-Pure R-610 (du Pont) 5 lots of Ti-Pure R-510 (du Pont) 1 lot of OR-6UO (Calco) 2 lots of Unitane OR-540 (Calco) Some of the groups in this test include the extended titanium calcium pigments such as Titanox RC and RC HT (TPC) and Tl-Cal R-60 and R-27 (du Pont). One lot of Titanox RA NC (D56FI9 #7A) was selected for blue tone with anticipated lower chalk resistance. The various titanium pigments were used in several different types of paints, generally as white, green tints (chrome oxide), and blue tints (P. C. Blue). These include the following, together with the surfaces on which they were applied: 1. Maleic alkyd enamels. 18$ PVC before shading. Exposed 45 south as one coat over house paint primer on small cedar panels. 2* SWP tint base, with 18 M. 56.7$ PVC. Two coats self-primed on cedar bevel siding, south vertical. 5. Emulsion paints. Acrylic AC-55, homopolymer polyvinyl acetate Blvacet 81-900, copolymer 12 K 55. end styrene butadiene Dow X-2562. 50$ PVC, except 55$ for styrene butadiene. Pigmentation 200 pounds TiOg plus 78. pounds magnesium silicate. On unglazed cement asbestos shingles. There were two supplementary series in which the same pigments were exposed in alkyd flat exterior paints and as alkyd-Chlorowax enamels. In the emulsion paint group, the styrene-butadiene paints have advanced the farthest in fading after the 22 months of exposure. The non-chslking-TUtile titanium oxides from all three suppliers, whether.HA NO, R-filO or 0&-640, all show considerable fading in the tints. > They would be rated as equal and of uniform quality. It :Lb intersating to note that the freer chalking grades sometimes showed less fading but with more variation between samples. This may Indicate that the chalk does not adhere so that there is less chalk mask. Titanox RA 50 shows as much variation as du Font's R-510. 0007-SWP-045993 0007-SWP-000115366 -3- Cven Che extended titanium calcium pigments RC and RC HI or R 60 and R 27 show less apparent fading than the full non-chalking rutile. It is expected that the freer chalking pigmentations eventually will show erosion. In the maleic alkyd enamel tints the fading was more ILn line with expectations. Most of the non-chalking rutile oxides, again whether RA NC, R-610 or 0R-64O showed definite but uniform fading. The B56FI9 #7A RA NC showed more than normal fade, as expected, one out of 11 lots of R-610 showed more than normal fade, and one, less. In general, the RA 50 samples showed less fading than RA NC or Unltane OR-540. du Pout's R-510 varied, two out of the three samples better than average, one poorer. Titanox RA showed more fading, as would be expected, and showed a yellower chalk in the green tint. The house paints, both gloss and flat, and the other emulsion paints should be very interacting after another year's exposure. The acrylic and FVAc painta are both superior to the styrene butadiene counter parts in tint retention. As noted in the general observations we could see no evidence that any one of the titanium pigments producers had a consistent advantage oveT any other. There are some variations between lots of a given grade, which showa the need to compare a number of lots from each producer before any statements can be made as to level of quality or quality control. Another series, put out in August, 1937 compares a number of titanium pigments in styrene butadiene over unglazed cement asbestos shingles. One of the Titanox RA NC samples was also tasted across the board in styrene butadiene, Lytron 680, 12 K 55 and AC-55. In this'aeries there are four lots of Titanox RA NC, a special super chalk resistant experimental sample MP-1111 (which we also have on teat), and ona-eanple each of R-610, OR-640, RA 50, sulfate process R.510, chloride procesp.R-500, and OR-540. After the ten months' exposure as tints there ia considerable fading in the styrene butadiene paints with no differentiation at yet between the pigments, except for MP-1111 which la slightly yellow. When the same RA NC (lot D57C21#4) is used with all the emulsion polymers it shows considerable fading in styrene butadiene, slight fade in lytron 680 and 12 K 55 nd vary slight fading in AC-33, As a final note tbr,y#llow**aat'cf-HP-llll shews that it Is difficult to make a, -highly chalk-resistant titanium oxlda without some sacrifice in color, and Jthn^igaN|igtary properties. O'Anvmnriaeriaa of exterior emulsion paints was put out on cement msbestoeiahinglea end on cedar shakes in Kay, 1957, in both yellow and gray tints. The pigmentation was 200 pounds Titanox RA 50 plus 75 pounds whiting at 30$ PVC using the emulsion polymers listed below. Only the cement asbestos shingles were examined, with the following observations on fading: Q007-SWP-045994 0007-SWP-000115367 Polymer Yellow Fading Gray Styrene butadiene X-2*62 Acrylic AC-33 Terpolymer Lytron 680 Romopolymer PVAe 81-900 Homopolymer PVAc TS 22 Homopolymer PVAc CL 102 Copolymer PVAc 12 K 55 Copolymer PVAc Everflex G Copolymer PVAc Polytex 600 Copolymer PVAc Flexbond 800 Copolymer PVAc CL 202 Arolcn 110 Homopolymer PVAc 84-1100 Homopolymer PVAc Reichhold 9301 Homopolymer PVAc " 9304 Copolymer PVAc " 9120 Considerable O.K. Slight O.K. O.K. 07K. O.K. Very, very slight O.K. None - excellent O.K. Definite O.K. O.K. O.K. O.K. Considerable O.K. Slight Very slight Very slight Very slight O.K. Very, very slight O.K. None - excellent O.K. - very good Considerable Slight O.K. O.K. Best of Reichhold For some years we have been reporting.on a rather complicated series of exposures of exterior emulsion paints, started in September 1954. A pigmentation of 70$ Tltanox RA NC/30$ magnesium silicate was used et 35$ PVC in a succession of emulBlon vehicles; styrene butadiene X 2562, polystyrene BKS 92, copolymer polyvinyl acetate Sverflex G, homopolymer PVAc WC-130, acrylic AC-33 end AC-33 modified with alkyd. The paints were applied as follows: 2 coats on weathered cement asbestos shingles 2 coats on glased cement asbestos shingles 2 coats on weathered stucco 2 coats on new cedar siding 1 coat over house paint primer on new cedar siding 1 coat on chalky paint 2 coats on cement block The series was quite far advanced in failures so no complete examination was made. A few coaments asy be of interest. Polystyrene BKS 92 la very poor on almost all surfaces. Styrene butadiene is poor on wood both bare and primed. The better polymere are doing quite well on cedar. There is very, little left of any of the one coat applications over chalky paint. The alkyd modified acrylic looks good on concrete blocks. 0007-SWP-045995 -5- A more recent aeries, put out In August of 1957, compares a pigmentation of 200 pounds Tltanox RA 50 and 75 pounds magnesium silicate at 30$ PVC in various emulsion vehicles. They include copolymer polyvinyl acetates CL-202, 12 K 55 and homopolymer 84-1100, acrylic AC-53 and AC-33 with 25$ Aroplaz 1274, and styrene butadiene. The paints were applied as two coats on: Cement block Glaped cement asbestos shingles Aged stucco New siding Regular cement asbestos shingles Primed new siding Weathered painted siding Because the series was still relatively new, comments are made only of departures from normal progress of the exposures. In the blue tints, styrene butadiene showed the moat fading on all surfaces, bad on wood. Celanese CL 202 shows the best tint retention, AC-33 either straight or alkyd modified is somewhat blotchy on wood. The homopolymer 84-1100 shows more fading than the copolymer polyvinyl acetates. Over weathered painted siding the copolymer polyvinyl acetates show some crack ing and flaking, while the homopolymer 64-1100, AC-33 80(1 styrene butadiene look better. This should be rechecked after additional exposure,. There is some staining below the bevel overhang on the siding, most on the acrylic modified with alkyd, none on styrene butadiene and acme on all the others, with perhaps less on 12 K 55* The homopolymer 84-1100 shows some Indication of efflorescence on cement asbestos shingles, and the alkyd modified acrylic and styrene butadiene shew slight spotting on such surfaces. Another series of exterior emulsion paints was put out on exposure in August of 1957. blue tints applied two coats on weathered cement asbestos shingles. These are pigment volume concentration studies ranging from 30 to 55$ PVC In 3$ steps using e constant 200 pounds of Titanox RA 50 and increasing amounts (from 80 pounds to 235 pounds) of magnesium silicate to effect the Increases In fVC. The emulsions were homopolymer PVAe 84-1100, copolymer PVAc CL.202, acrylic AC-33 and alkyd modified AC-33. Tha CL-202 tints were the best, showing slight fading only at the high PVC's. The alkyd modified AC-33 paints were second beat In tint retention, with little difference due to PVC at this point. The straight AC-33 P8lnts at 30 and 55$pFVC'b showed the worst fading. An earlier series put out in August 1955 Also covers 11 ladder of PVC's, this tins ranging,from 15$ to 40$ in 5$ steps, comparing co polymer PVAc 12 K-3L^ti||i9Cylic,<AC-55* The TlOa Is a constant 200 pounds of Tltanox RA^,'va^j^>imountd of magnesium silicate to change the PVC. They ere in phthaiocyanine green tints and grays. The AC-33 showed poorer color -development on grinding. The polyvinyl acetate series shows only normal progression of fading as PVC increases. The acrylics as a whole 0007-SWP-045996 0Q07-SWP-000115369 -6- show ouch more fading and chalking than Che IS K 51 series as they approach three years. TPC has observed this behavior of AC-53 paints in several, series, uhere at about 18 months they start to chalk and fade rather definitely. In a supplement to this series, in grays at 30$ PVC, some com parisons are made of extenders. ASP 400 clay shows good tint retention while Wollastonite Is deficient. In every case PVAc is better than AC-33. In the field of solvent type paints TEC had started a small series of exterior flat house paints in which they had applied two coats of SUP Velvet Flat self-primed without reduction of the first coat. We asked them to repeat the test using SUP Velvet Flat Uhite and Buckeye Yellow, over A2 VI 2 or at least reducing the first coat of Velvet Flat 23$ with A1 V 2. In the repeat TPC followed both procedurea as two coat work on bare cedar and Yellow Pina, exposed in July 1957. They added one of their own exterior flat alkyd paints EX-6232, with 130 pounds Tltanox RA NC and 345 pounds calcium carbonate in a 100$ alkyd vehicle, tinted to match our Buckeye Yellow. They also tinted our SUP Velvet Plat Uhite to Buckeye Yellow. Both of the SUP Velvet Flats ware on the revised formulas carrying one pound of 18 H per gallon. There are no differences due to the wood at thla time, and no mold, even on the north. Pilma are O.K. Our regular SUP Buckeye Yellow is best in tint retention, while TPC's paint la showing slight fade. SUP Velvet Flat White tinted is showing the most fading, since it is formulated with the SA 50 type of TiOa while regular Buckeye Yellow is based on RA NC. In the -field of exterior flats TPC has a comparison between two gloss house paints, a flat alkyd, an acrylic, a PVAc add a styrene butadiene paint, in yellow and green, to determine the beet type of coating for use as an exterior tint base. The gloss paints were applied es'one coat over a conventional zincless primer, the other two coats self-primed, on cedar and cement asbestos shingles. The formulas are as follows: Gloss House Paints F 312 17.3$ Tltanox RA NC 29.0$ Zinc oxide 33.4$ Calcium carbonate 20^3$ Chrome Yellow 75$ Refined linseed 25$ Za bodied linseed PVC 33$ * 313 52.7$ Tltanox RC 28.2$ Zinc oxide 19.1$ Chrome Yellow 75$ Refined linseed 25$ Z2 bodied linseed PVC 33$ 00CI7-SWP-045997 0007-SWP-0001 -7- Flat Alkyd F 314 22.4$ Titanox RA NC 50.0$ Calcium carbonate 27.6$ Chrome Yellow Wallkyd 1952 PVC 50$ The remaining emulsion paints were all pigmented with 60.4$ Titanox RA NC/39.6$ Chrome Yellow at 30$ PVC. F 315 Acrylic F 316 Polyvinyl acetate F 317 Styrene butadiene The flat alkyd has the best color retention in both the yellow and green. The F 312 gloss paint is second best but spotty on the shingles in the yellow, more uniform in the green. F 313 is not equal to F 312 in the yellow on wood but is better in the green. On shingles both the AC-33 and PVAc paints are faded in the yellow, with styrene butadiene showing very bad fading. In the greens on shingles the flat alkyd is again best, the PVAc paint shows a trifle less fade than the acrylic, and the styrene butadiene ia poorest. The acrylic green is not too good on wood, with the PVAc showing less flaking and better tint retention. A similar series was put out in May 1956, comparing the same gloss house paints with similar flat alkyd, acrylic, PVAc and styrene butadiene paints except that an the latter group Hans a Yellow wee substi tuted for Chrome Yellow. This resulted in more fading. Since the pur pose was to find the beat tint base over a variety of aurfacee the paints were put over: Cement block ' Stucco Glased cement asbestos shingles Weathered cement esbeetoa shingles New cedar shakes New siding Primed new elding Weathered painted siding In the gloss paints the Titanox RA NC paint la brighter and a cleaner yellow than the other made with Titanox RC* The flat all^d- Is very poor on the glazed cement-asbestos shingles, thawing bad pealing. Styrene butadiene shows bad fading, as much on'thenorthas on the south. The acrylic paints are not quite as bright as those made with PVAc, and the latter are not quite equal in tint retention to the flat alkyd. TPC put out a series in September 1956 to determine the dura bility of various coatings when painted over old, weathered, chalky emulsion paints (baaed on PVAc 81-900) on cement asbestos shingles. The test paints were applied one coat over the weathered emulsion paint. My notes do not indicate whether the tints are blue or green (1 suspect blue). Their compositions and conditions at approximately two years were as follows: 0007-SWP-045998 0007-SWP-000115371 -8- Pigmentation Titanox RA NC Leaded Zinc Oxide Magnesium Silicate Titanox RA NC Calcium Carbonate Vehicle Linseed Oil Flat Alkyd Uallkyd 1952 Conditton Very bad sporting due to variable suction, causing variations in chalking. More unifora than above, still some fade. Low solids alkyd probably did not penetrate as ouch as oil. Titanox RA NC Magnesium Silicate Acrylic AC-33 Slight fade. Vertical slitting along brush marks. Green cast. Titanox RA NC Magnesium Silicate Copolymer PVAc 12 K 55 Less fade than acrylic. Some peeling. Green cast. Titanox RA NC Magnesium Silicate Homopolymer PVAc 81-900 Same as 12 K 55 Titanox RA NC Magnesium Silicate Styrene butadiene X-2562 Considerable fade and general flaking. Another aeries of exterior flat paints, put out in January 1957, covers a comparison of extenders (approximately on a volume basis at 50$ PVC). The panels have nail heads and copper screens attached to evaluate staining. These ore green tints. The results currently involve fading and staining. Natural Whiting. Some staining. Magnesium silicate. Very, very alight staining. ' Natural calcium sulfate. Faded, very slight staining, Lorite. Bad staining. Calcium silicate. Some staining. Silica. Slight fadiug, very slight staining. Barytes. Slight fading, very slight staining. 5 X Minerelite Mica. No staining. Another series put out in October 1956 compares magnesium silicate and natural whiting as extenders, in gray and green gloss and flat house paints, two eoats self-primed on cedar aiding. The results may be summerized as follows: 0007-SWP-045999 0007-SWP-000115372 -9- (l) 120 pounds Tltanox RA NC plus 25O pounds Zinc oxide with extender to 33$ PVC in 75$ raw linseed, 25$ 2a bodied linseed. (a) 390 pounds Natural Whiting - more fading in gray and green than (b). (b) 410 pounds Magnesium silicate --less fading than (a). (2) As (1) but 500 pounds Titanox RC for 120 pounds RA NC. (a) 50 pounds Natural Whiting. Less fading than 1 (a), more than 2 (b) in gray. Yellower than 2 (b) in green. (b) 55 pounds Magnesium silicate. Less fade than 2 (a) in gray and green, but less than 1 (b) in green. Slightly yellow in green tint. (3) 200 pounds Titanox RA NC with extender to 33$ PVC in 40$ linseed, 351$ alkyd and 25$ chlorinated paraffin. (a) 420 pounds Natural Whiting. Seems more faded than (l) or (2) but uniform. (b) 445 pounds Magnesium silicate. As 5 (a). (4) I30 pounds RA NC with extender to 50$ PVC in 100$ alkyd vehicle as an exterior flat. (a) 343 pounds Natural Whiting. As 3> (b) 365 pounds Magnesium silicate. As 3. The alkyd flats show less change under the protecting flaps than the gloss tints. As a further note, the calcium titanium pigment with whiting shows rutile yellowing, especially in the green tints. This is aggravated when ferrite is used as a yellow component. Among the special TPC tests, their storage building has been painted for two years with a paint similar to No. 3 above. This io a repaint on spruca over which the old paint wee in very pocr condition. The new paint is in very good condition and stays clean even under the eaves. TPC has started their own testing of Busan 11 from Buckaian Laboratories. While, like ours, their tests are too recent to be of much value, ve did examine a series of gray paints put out in March of this year on 6 x 12" cedar panels exposed 45 south. The base paint was a Titanox RC/ZnO/CaCOa oil paint at 33$ PVC. They then made the following variations: 0007-5WP-046000 0007-SWP-000115373 -10- (1) Replace the 250 pounds of ZnO and part of CaC03 with 215 pounds Busan 11 (equal volume). Mare fading and streaking. (2) RA NC for Titanox RC. O.K. (3) As (2) but replace 250 pounds ZnO with Busan 11. Fading and streaking. The Busan paints show the fading and streaking without per ceptible chalking. In another series also put nut in March, a normal white house paint was used as the control. It was formulated with 1-1/2 pounds anatase tiOg/l/2 pound rutile Ti02/5 pounds leaded zinc/2-l/2 pounds Nytal 3OO in linseed oil. It is already showing definite chalk. When the leeded zinc is replaced with an equal volume of Busan 11 and an increased amount of Nytal, chalking has been prevented ao far, but the color has deteriorated to a grayer cast. TPC has started an interesting test of white roof palnta over / asphalt shingles. In March of this year they constructed a mock-up of a typical roof section on one of their 45 fences, with the asphalt shingles thus facing south at a 45 angle. Vertical strips of one coat and two coats of white emulsion paints were then applied over the asphalt shingles, leaving one vertical strip unpainted to check temperature effects* The lower horizontal edge was also left unpainted in order to check for chalk wash. The paints used in this test included Glidden, Nalcrete, Sears, a homopolymer PVAc paint, a copolymer PVAc and acrylic AC-35 paints. The temperatures under the roof wilt be checked on metal tabs tacked to the undersurface of 'die roof boarding below each strip. No data have been recorded as yet. There waa a great difference in tempera ture to the band on the top surface of the shingles between the unpainted areas and any of the white strips. At that time there were thin clouds and considerable haze, with the air temperature in the high 70* s. It should he noted that there was a tendency for the paints to curl tha shingles concave, especially on two coat application, worse with AC-53- This would be a bad situation and must be avoided to be acceptable. TPC has also encountered the problem of intercoat or "tissue" peeling cm the -lower face of boxed eaves, etc. They have constructed a length of boxed .eava with a wide overhang on tha top of the north face of eiuMof theirvertical fences. They think that the peeling is due to applfcation~of^paint on this surface when the temperature of the surface Is&alotrfthe dewpoint, They applied one coat of primer and then applied the topcoat under two different atmospheric conditions: 0007-SWP-046001 0007-SWP-000115374 -11(a) At midday, high temperature and relative humidity lees than 60 (b) Early morning, low temperature and relative humidity greater than 90<jt. No results are available at this time. 0007-SWP-046002 0007-SWP-000115375 -12- National Lead Company. Savvllle, Long Island. N. Y. Time only permitted a few minutes* conversation with the National Lead representatives at Sayville, and inspection of hoc a few panels. Most of the discussion involved their M-50 in metal protective paints and enamels. Our own-evaluation of M-50 is extensive and has been reported elsewhere so no special notes were taken on National Lead's panels. National Lead has one series which was of special inter est. This comprised a wide range of colors in TT-E-4S5C enamel quality In which the controls were compared with counterparts con taining M-50. The amount of M-50 used varied with the color, rang ing from 1/2 to 2-3/4 pounds per gallon. Zn all but one case the K>50 enamels were definitely superior to their controls after 1-1/2 years' exposure 45 south. The exception was the toluidlna red enamel. H-50 should not be used with toluidine. Tha good results in the other colors suggest the use of some 1W50 in refinishiug enamels where frequently one or two coats of enamel are applied directly on previously painted, weathered and rusted steel, or for improved performance of enamels applied on new steel without an inhibitlve primer. 0007-SWP-046003 00Q7-SWP-000115376 -13- du Pont Pigments Department. Wilmington, Delaware, du Font had gone to special trouble this year to correct the criticisms we had of their previous exposure books. In addition to their regular, very elaborate"1958 Exterior Faint Exposure Tests" book, they had made up special copies for us, so organized as to give the composition of the paint on each panel tend space to make notes on each panel. This was a great improvement and made_taking notes much simpler. The regular book is printed in color, Including up-to-date color pictures of their house tests. Thus each page lies flat and this takes care of another criticism we had that pasting color photographs on many pages in the previous books made writing very difficult. We appreciated their following our suggestions. They still complicate our writing of reports by having too many formulations and surfaces in one series. du Font continues to place more emphasis on exposure oil exterior emulsion points and on series comparing emulsion paints with regular gloss or flat house paints, on various types of surfaces and in various tints. This leads to very complicated series which are not too difficult to inspect but very difficult to describe. Therefore the reader's indulgence is requested and where further information on details is needed this can be given on request. One exterior emulsion series, exposed in Hey 1957. was applied on asbestos cement shingles, asbestos cement flatboard, edge grain white pine end flat grain Yellow Pine, du Pont used quite a lot of Ruheroid flatboard "Stonewall" which they say is worse than J-M Plaxboard - they understand "Stonewall" has now been withdrawn from tha market. The paints used are basically formulations using Elvacat 64*1100 post plasticized with diethyl phtbelate, at 27^ PVC,:Elvacat 61-900 post plasticised, also at 27$ ?vc, Kboplex AC-33 at OTC, lytron 680 at 5056 PVC (as per Monsanto's request) and Dow's acrylic X-2647.1 at 35$ PVC. Each type of emulsion Is than also exposed in a brief PVC series at 20, 40 and 6o PVC. The principal variation in each group ia in tha Ti0a used and soma substitution of extenders. Supplementary palate include a conventional oil type glose house paint, soma flat alkyda and certain proprietary house paints. Because of this complexity only departures from normal patterns will be described. Considering the cement asbestos surfaces first, both shingles end flatboard, thera ls a fair: amount of blistering and pealing with the emulsion paints. Xhsvaindividualnote* on each panel but no over-all pattern ^svel^s^llhd^yAc1 s andDov'e acrylic shew some blistering and peeling while'AC-33 Ttnd Lytron 686 shew little or none. The oil house paint and flatVdltyds'peel and flake over flatboard. 0007-SWP-046004 0007-SWP-000115377 Throughout the du Font exposures where possible we checked the chalking rates of emulsion paints when they were available in a range of PVC's. We told Dr, Vanray that we had some series where the lower PVC's were chalking more (or retaining more chalk?) than higher FVC's. He said he had not observed this but by paying more attention to this point we found several examples. On the cement asbestos surfaces in this series the PVAc's showed more chalk in the lower FVC's. The AC-33's at this time shoved little difference, as did the Lytcon 660, but the Dow Acrylic showed mere chaik at the higher PVC's, The same pattern of chalking versus PVC held on white pine, and this time iytron 680 also showed more chalking at lower FVC's. The 84-1100 PVAc is shoving some peeling at 60$ PVC while 81-900 is still O.K, at 60$ PVC* AC-33 peels from white pine at 60$ PVC. On Southern Yellow Pine all the emulsion paints are much better one coat over oil primer (TT-P-25a) than two coats of emulsion paint self-primed. Two coats of 64-1100 PVAc oa Tallow Pine are better than two coats of 81-900. The Lytron 660 paints self-primed are not as good as the PVAc's or acrylics. All the emulsion paints fail by flaking at 60$ PVC self-primed but are still in the tunning over oil primer. Several of the proprietary house paints show from considerable to bad flaking. Another very large and complicated series was put out in August of 1957, including oil type gloss house paints, flat alkyda and both PVAc and acrylic emulsions. The paints were applied on edge grain Western Redcedar for the oil and alkyd paints and on edge grain white pine for the self-primed emulsion paints (to eliminate cedar staining), and on cement asbestos shingles and flatboard. The purpose was to datermina the bast tint base* Besides the white base paints described below, they were compared tinted as follows: 1. Green - Ramapo Green GP.755-0 or Monastral green paste GW-749-V. 2. Yellow - Oil paints with Zinc Yellow Y-658-D, alkyd and emulsion paints with Green Gold YT-562-D. 5. Yellow - Oil and alkyd paints tinted with Light Chrome Yellow Y-433-D, emulsion paints with Toluldine Yellow Paste Y-672-F (Hanaa). 4. Pink - Molybdate Orange YR-637-D. % Pink - Parachlor Red ET-427-D or RW-738-P. 0007-SWP-046005 -15- The base paints were as fallows: (a) R-6lC/Leaded Zinc/Mg Silicate in 75/25 Raw/x Linseed at 33$ PVC, (b) R-6l0/Zinc Oxlde/CaCOg in 75/25 Alkali Refined/X Linseed at 39$ PVC. (c) R-5CO/Zinc 0xide/CaC03 in 75/25 Alkali Refined/X Linseed at 39$ PVC. (d) Ti-Cal R-60/Zinc Oxide in 75/25 Alkali Refined/X Linseed at 30$ PVC. (e) R-6lO/Mg Silicate in 75/25 Long oil alkyd/flat alkyd at 20$ PVC. (f) R-500/Mg Silicate in 75/25 Long oil alkyd/flat alkyd at 20*$ PVC. (g) R-610/Hg Silicate/Si0a/Mica in flat alkyd at 47$ PVC. (h) R-610/Zinc Oxide/Mg Silicate/SiOa/Mica in flat alkyd at 47$ PVC, (i) R-610/Clay/SiOa/Mica in flat alkyd at 47$ PVC. (j) R-610/Mica in PVAc 84-1100 + BBP at 23$ PVC. (k) R-610/Mg Silicate in acrylic AC-33 at 25$ PVC. (l) R-6l0/Mg Sillcate/Clay in Lytron 680 at 40$ PVC. On cedar, in the whites the PVAc 84-1100 paint is whiter than the AC-33 point and overall in the tints would rate as the beat tint base. The PVAc tints develop the deepest tint, AC-33 next and Lytron 680 the lightest tints. All the emulsion painte erar quite good coopered with the oil paints. Again on the overall basis, the paint (d) based on R-6C and zinc oxide would rank second as a tint bass but will fade mor/i later. In specific tints (c) with chloride process TiOa and zinc oxide in the greens and Paracblor Reds shows slightly more fading than (b) with R-610 and cine oxide. In the green tints the emulsion paints on wood, both PVAc and AC-33 points, are showing sons mold and cupping of the panels, Lytron 680 less. The zinc yellows in (a), (b), (c) and (d) are doing well, more uniform than light chroma yellows in the same paints. Green Gold does well in the emulsion paints, quiteivsllinths flat alkyds. The light.chrome yellow is poorest In :the'elow PVC^gloss alkyd paint, batter in tha higha:PVC flat alkyd. The-ftansa Tallow in the emulsion paints is-bestsin <PVAc, naxtwin AC-33 end lightest in Lytron 680. Molybdate Orangs ia-pocrsat in;the low PVC gloss alkyds. Psrachlor Red does-quite veil la PVAc, fair in the flat alkyd and shove the moat fading in (e) and (d) the TiOa/zinc oxide/calcium carbonate paints. 0007-SWP-046006 0007-SWP-000115379 -16- For an all purpose white and tint base of the oil type, the 1-1/2 pounds R-500/2*1/2 pounds Acicular Zinc Oxide/4.9 pounds calcium carbonate in an unbodied and bodied linseed oil blended vehicle at 39$ PVC looks quite good. Over the cement asbestos shingles and flatboard individual ratings of spotting and blistering were made, but there were very few definite patterns. Details are available to interested parties. The Hansa Yellows in the emulsion paints are better than the zinc yellows in solution paints on cement asbestos. All the Molybdate orange paints are poor on such alkaline surfaces, as would be expected. The Parachlor Reds are much better in the emulsion paints than in the solution paints. A somewhat similar tint base series had been put out in May 195? on cedar for the oil and alkyd paints and on white pine for the emulsion paints, two coats self-primed. Again, the base paints were exposed as whites and tinted as follows; 1. Gray - Lampblack. 2. Blue - Ramapo Blue BP-366-D. J. Green - Remap? Green GP-501-D. 4. Yellow - Light Chroma Yellow Y-433-0* 5. Pink - Molybdate Orange YE-637-D. 6. Pink - Parachlor Rad RT-427-D. The basic paints used were as follows: (a) R-610/leaded ainc/Nytal 300 in 75/25 Raw/X Linseed at 33$ PVC. (b) Aa (a) plus 0.2$ PMO on weight of paint. (c) R-610/Zinc 0xide/CaC03 in 75/25 Alkali Rafined/X Linseed at 59$ PVC. (d) As (c) plus 0.2$ PMO on weight of paint. (e) R-610/Zinc 0xide/CaC03 in 75/2? Raw/X Linseed at 42.8$ PVC, () BCTL/Zinc Qxide/Nytal 300 in 75/25 Raw/X Linseed at 27$ PVC. (g> FF/r -610 Zinc Oxide/Nytal 500 in 75/25 Alkali Refined/X Linseed (h) As (d) but R500 for R-610. at 27,4$ PVC. <0 R-60/Zinc Oxide in 75/25 Raw/X Linseed at 30$ PVC. (J) R6l0/Hytal 300 plus 0.2$ PMO in Aroplaz 1271 at 30$ PVC. c 00 R-610/Bica in 87/13 PVAc/DBP at 26.7$ PVC. (1) R-610/SiOfi/Barytes in 97/3 Acrylic/IBP at 28$ PVC. 0007-SWP-046007 0007-SWP-000115380 -17- Glancing at all the panels we selected (h) as the best over-all and (d) as second best. This means we selected a 1.5 pounds T10a/ 2.5 pounds ZZZ-33 Zinc Oxide/k.9 pounds calcium carbonate paint, with 0.2$ PMO as the best all-around tint base, with a slight preference for chloride process R-500 T102 over R-610. The emulsion paints looked streaky and thus were not rated above the oil paints. In the whites paint (l) with titanium calcium R-60 shows mold, showing that calcium sulfate is not equal to calcium carbonate In mold control. Tl-Cal may look equal to TiOa plus CaCOg for 1 to 2 years, but not thereafter. In the grays paint (j) shows some fading. The grays made with pure zinc oxide show lass fading than with leaded zinc. In the blue tints, paint (f) with basic carbonate white lead shows rather bad mold. The same is true in the green, yellow and pink tints. In the greens, paint (h) with R-500 Ti02 la definitely cleanest, and (h) also has very good color retention in yellow tints and in the Holybdate pink. With the Parachlor Red tints the lead in paint (f) seems to cause very bad fading* Light chrome yellow fades in the non-reactlve pigment alkyd paint (j) while Parachlor Red does quite well in this paint* Parachlor Reds look good In the emulsion paints. A series similar to the above was put out In Hay 195^. The paint formulations were almost identical, end the series of tints were much the same. Detailed examination was made of all the panels but the results were so nearly the same aa in the previous series that they need not be repeated. In general, du Pont now seems to favor magnesium sili cate for whites and calcium carbonate for tints. The Parachlor Red tints are quite advanced in fading in this relatively old ear Isa, The fading Is least with polyvinyl acetate, worst with the oil paint containing basic carbonate white lead, and considerable in the leaded zinc paints. Again, Parachlor Red does not get along well with lead. Weither House du Pont House Tests This house has been reported In previous Inspections. It is a cement asbestos shingle bouae previously painted with oil paint: which had become chalky?end mottled. The present teat was applied in October 1956 in a blue tln, two coats. The test area is on the north (rear). The paints are afl follows: 0007-SWP-046008 0007-SWP-000115381 -18- 1. R-610/diatomaceous silica/mica/CaCOg. Flat alkyd vehicle at 53.4$ PVC. Slight fading, some efflorescence under window. 2. R-6lO/diatomaceoua ailica/mica/CaCOg, Pliolite S-5 chlorinated paraffin solution type paint at 59.3# PVC. This i9 at a higher PVC than Goodyear recommended but at present it is as good as any of the other paints. 3. R-6lO/zinc oxide/CaC03 top coat oil paint at 39.5# PVC over an R-6l0/leaded zinc/magnesium silicate primer. This area is mottled badly as there was no control of penetration. 4. R-610/magneslum silicate in cyclopentadiene treated oil at 31# PVC. (Admerol 75 M). The first coat mottled on application as it is not very non-penetrating, now there is some fading and gloss is not uniform. Very poor adhesion on concrete foundation. 5. R-6lO/diacomaceoufl flillca/mica/oagnesium silicate in flat alkyd vehicle at 48# PVC. Here the magnesium silicate tint is shewing better tint retention than its calcium carbonate counterpart. This is contrary to du Pont's panel experience. Summera House This house test was started in October 1954 applying two coats of white paints on new stucco. The house still looks very good after almost four years. It has stayed clean even on protected areas. The paints ere on either the northwest (rear) of the house or on the northeast. They are as follows: 1. R-6lO/FF/mica In 81-900 PVAc emulsion at 27*7# PVC. The rutile/anatase ratio is 90/10. The paint la white and has good adhesion even under . , vines. 2. As 1 but diatomaceous silica replacing mica. Ho difference. 3. R-6l0/FF/magneaium silicate in AC-35 emulsion at 30# PVC. The rutile/anatase ratio la again 90/10 but total TiOa Is 2 pounds per gallon versus 2.59 pounds in PVAc. It is slightly grayer then the PVAc paint and madcracfced where the film is very heavy. 4. R-6lO/FF/zinc oxlde/nagnealum silicate in Pliolite s-5 solution paint at 57,6# PVC. Chalking and slightly yellow. 0007-SWP-046009 0007-SWP-000115382 -19- Allen House this again is a porous white cement asbestos shingle house, first painted in 1954 and repainted last October over the same paint systems, in gray. The paints are: 1. R-6lO/mica in 84-1100 PVAc emulsion at 27% PVC. Practically no change as yet. 2. R-6l0/calclum silicate in AC-3? &t 28$ PVC. Some foaming when applied. Slight darkening. 3. R-6l0/CaC03/mlca/Si0a in Pliolite S-5, chlorinated paraffin solution type at 575 PVC. How lightest gray. 4. R-610/zinc oxlde/CaC03 in 75/25 Raw/X Linseed plus 0.2$ PMO top coat at 39% PVC over R-6lO/BCHL/magnesium silicate primer in 45/53/2 Rsw/OKO S-70/H-25 linseed vehicle at 35$ PVC. Little change. Campbell House We were not given complete notes on the Campbell house. Two paints were flat alkyds based on Aroflat 3O25-P40, at 46$ PVC, comparing CaC03 vs. magnesium silicate as extenders. The paints were applied two coats ever previously unpainted cement asbestos shingles, in August 1957* At this time the calcium carbonate flat shows more fading than its counterpart using magnesium silicate (is the CaC03 paint above its CFVC?). A PVAc 84-1100 emulsion paint is holding its color better than the flat altyds. An experimental chloride process R-500 paint la holding its tint in a flat alkyd hatter than an R-610 equivalent. Quillen House Again we had no detailed information on this house. The house is a test of emulsion paints, applied in October 1957, in Honastral Green tints, two coats self-primed over previously unpointed cement asbestos shingles. Taking the PVAc 84-1100 paint as the standard, the Lytron 680 paint, la now yellower (and^atilL soft, at 39$ PVC) and a how 2647.1 paint la deaporintint,. The outstanding feature nf this test is the very poor petf^mancia^fjtpni&rolon 110 paint. Even though the test has run only eight^fentK^thft^.Arolon paint has faded considerably and it is peeling and eraS^gi^^has lost practically all Its adhesion, perhaps due to lack v of alkalt resistance. u 0007-SWP-046010 0007-SWP-0001 -20- Heckman House This house has been described in reports ol other inspections. The previous test area (rear) was painted in October 1955, and was re painted with the current test paints in September 1956. The substrate was PVAc, acrylic and styrene butadiene emulsion paints over weathered cement asbestos shingles. The current tests were applied as two coats self-primed, in a blue tint. The compositionthe paints is es fellows: 1. R-610/Mica in 81-900 PVAc emulsion at 26.7# PVC. 2. R-610/Mica in 81-900 PVAc emulsion at 20# PVC. 3. R-510/Mica in 81-900 PVAc emulsion at 20# PVC. The blue was added at a constant ratio of color to Ti02 in all the paints. Paint 1 appears deeper, perhaps originally not a good color match. There is very slight chalking on No. 1, practically none on 2 end 5. The differences b#tween 2 and 3 are very small, with 3 perhaps shoving very, very slightly sore fading than 2. The other sides of the house were painted in 1955 with an 81-900 PVAc blue tint using 2-1/2 pounds of 8-610 plus mica at 26.7# PVC. These older surfaces are now showing some spotty fading and there la pealing on the concrete foundation. 2-1/2 pounds of TIOg la considered excessive by du Pont, Morgan House This house was painted in July 1956, the teat area on the north or rear of the house. The paints wars applied as yellow tints, using Green Gold, two coats self-primed on weathered cement asbestos shingles. The test paints and their current conditions are es follows: 1. E-610/diatomacaouB slllce/mica/Hl-Sil In flat alkyd at 36# PVC. Mot chalky but has grayed and faded soma. Slight mold. 2. R.-610/dlatoaaceous slllca/miea/CaCOs in flat alkyd at 5k.h# PVC. Considerable fading, slight mold. 3. R-610/magneslum silicate in AC-33 at 25# PVC. heepostTreliow, soma mold. 0007-SWP-04 6011 0Q07-SWP-000115384 -21- k. R-6lo/mlca in PVAc 81-900 at 20$ PVC. Color retention 0,K, some mold. Looks good on rest of house. 5. R-610/mica in PVAc 84-1100 at 20$ PVC. Cray and dirty, moat mold, du Pont feels 20$ PVC for 84-1100 is O.K. for wood, but it is definitely too low on masonry surfaces. MVL:AR M. VAN LOO Director of P3iat Research 0007-SWP-046012 0007-SWP-000115385 -- * Inspection Trip Exposures - du Pont Pigments Department Titanium Pigment Corporation June 25 and 26, 1959 General Statement; On June 25 Messrs. E. W, Pasig, H. T. Gehring, C. H. Adams and the writer examined some of the house paint panel exposures of the du Pont Pigments Department at Wilmington, Delaware. On June 26 we examined some of the exposures of the Titanium Pigment Corporation at Sayvllle, new York, and, very briefly, a few oF the evaluations of M50 basic lead slllco chromate of the National lead Company. Again we find It very difficult to report on the varioun du Pont series In a simple manner. They have made further changes in their method of preeentation in their exposure book for visitors. They present the beeic compositions for a given aeries in considerable detail. However, thfcy include too many variations in any given series and often apply them over a variety of substrates and repeat the paintings annu ally. Since oqe does not see all such groups in a logical order and in a single sequence, notes which are taken become very confusing. Titanium Pigment exposures usually are easier to follow. One gets the impression that du Pont in recent years hen not kept up the quality of their exposures. One sees very few new ideas under teat. Actually very little vaa seen in either the du Pont or Titanium Pigment exposures that la not already on test at our own expo, sure stations. du Pont spent considerable time on a presentation of their Johnsonville production of their chloride process TIOg. This wee offi cially announced aa of June 25. Details are given later In this report. Tltanlum Pigment Corporation exposures of acrylic emulsion paints are very unfavorable. Rohm and Baas are very concerned about this negative publicity and point out in a special report that TPC's formulations wars faulty (e.g. they, carry only 5 lbs* of gum arable as the dispersant).. Further details are given later In this report. In our 1958 report we described en under eave test started by TPC to Investigate causes of Intercoat peeling. They constructed a boxed eave, applied en over-all coat of primer and than applied the topcoat of house paint under tvo ssta of conditions: (a) At midday, high .temperature with relative humidity leas than 6$. (b) Early morning, low temperature with relative humidity greater than 60$. 0007-SWP-046013 0007-SWP-000115386 -2TPC has had no Intercoat failures on this test to date so no differentiation can be made, Uhls corresponds with our experience with our own under eave fence test. du Pont has a high opinion of Sherwin-Williams alkyd XAD 116 and is concentrating practically all their current long oil alkyd work on XAD 116. This is our (3870). We suggested that they also look at our (38 A 16), based on Lowe Brothers' LV 4003, Identified under the P. C. and C. designation CA 19815, Dr, Vannoy-is very anxious to learn how to Improve the brushing of such alkyd paints. Mr. Jagd is doing some work on this problem and has already made some suggestions. We gain the impression that neither du Pont nor Titanium Pigment are Impressed by Busan 11. Details will appear later in this report. 0007-SWP-046014 0007-SWP-000115387 -5- du Pont Pigments Department. Wilmington. Delaware du Pont announced full availability of R 900 TiOg bb of June 25. The Johnsonville, Tennessee plant 1b nov on stream, with an annual capacity of 4-5,000 tons. Since du Pont representatives have already visited our various plants to present the story on R 900 only a few highlights will he given here. It should be pointed out chat any saaples of so-called "R-900" which were shipped much before 6-25-59 cannot be considered as neces sarily representative of Johnsonville volume production. Such samples probably are prototypes of R 900 mads on other equipment. Where expo sure data are quoted for R 900 thla alao must apply to prototype mater ial. Therefore it le indicated that any careful evaluation of R >00 should be based on actual Johnsonville production shipped on June 25 or Later. R 900 is considered to be an improved R 500 chloride type TlCfe. It has an oil absorption about equal to R 110 (R 100 is lower, R 610 is higher). Therefore consideration must be given to PVC/CPVC relations where direct pound for pound substitutions art made. Specific resistance le about 1000 for R 900, 1650 for R 100 or 500 and 900 for R 510. Tint ing strength is equal to R 510 (200), while R 110, 100 and 500 run about 190. In house paint exposures R 900 is not ae chalk resistant as R 610. It should be noted that charts shown on tints ara shown as "Tint Appear ance," not "Tint Retention." After 12 months "tint appearance" in rated as better for R 900 than for R 610 (presumably R 900 is cleaner). After one year "tint appearance" seems to fall slightly below R 500, which in turn le better than R 610. Such differences are greater in Florida then at du Font's other exposure sites. There is s possibility that die chalk from R 900 is not as adherent. The carbon black undertone for R 900 it high, about 11.5 (later reported as lU) against 8.5 for selected ft 610 end 7*0 to 8.5 regular R 610. In shorter term exposures R 900 is equal to R 610 at 8 months in s green automotive refinishing enamel. In H50J enamels at 10 months there is no difference except a alight superiority over washed areas. In architectural enamels at 12 months R 900 shows lass ysllow cheiacter than R 510 or 610. In refrigerator enamels & 900 le superior to 110. du Pont visualise great versatility in R 900, where it Blight replacevariety of ether TiOg types, where inventories of a number of pigmentm is s problem. It should be noted that the Chicago Technical Service Department and the Dispersion Research Laboratory have reported favorably on their current evaluation of R 900. It has good dispersion properties, produces higher gloss then R 610, is slightly bluer and cleaner and develops higher opacity. 0007-SWE-046015 0007-SWP-000115388 -4- du Pent reports soae difficulty in emulsion paints (PVA) where they encounter lower biding (may he related to PVC/CPVC ratios). R 900 normally would be expected to have less flocculating tendencies. They experienced no difficulties with hiding in solvent type oil paints and gloss or semi-gloss enamels. We spent considerable time examining the panels on the blister house at the Delaware Test Farm. The value o the tests is reduced in many cases by the small site of some of the test panels, ranging down to a few inches in width and length. The tests were placed on the blister house on November 20, 1958 end the interior humidified in January, 1959* Dr. Vannoy feels that the panels may have been subjected to moisture pressure somewhat faster than normal, although this would not be true in some cases. On the south side the general impression is that on wood the emulsion paints look better than the oil paints. One aeries of long boards includes Idaho White Fine, Redccdar and Ponderosa Pine, with the paints applied as two coats self-primed. Idaho White Fine proved to be the moat difficult of the three species. A lead-sine oil type house paint shows poor adhesion over the Idaho Pine, fair adhesion on other sections but usually still soma pealing. A fume resisting oil type house paint blisters. An oil type house paint with Susan 11 tends toward cracking. Four commercial oil type house paints do not perform very wall and show staining. A non-raectlve pigmented slkyd paint Mde with XAD 118 is performing wall on all three woods. If Busan 11 is added at the rate of 2-1/2 pounds per gallon to this alkyd it shows an alligator type of cracking ever Idaho Pina. The original alkyd paint with Bentone 34, MPA or Thlxcln also wss O.K. A non-reactive pigmented iaopbthallc alkyd is O.K. but it paala if tine oxide 1c added to tbs pigmentation. As stated earliar, on the south side the emulsion paints in general look bettor than the solvent paints. These Include Elvacet 84-1100, 1440 and 1423 FVA paints, lytron 680, AC-33 acrylic and styrenm butadiene paints. The last named shows the most staining on cedar. On consnt asbestos Flexboard on the south the XAD 116 alkyd paint over a PVA Elvacst 1423 prism coat shows soma failure by pealing, but looks batter over a Pliolite primer. Two coats of the XAD 116 paint elf-prlmed ahows very bad pealing on Flexboard. A conventional white house painvtwoicoats self-primed it the whitest and shows ths seat chalkibdfcJhas'poor adhesion end shows soma pealing. The Pliolite paint has good adhesion but is yellow. Most of the mlslon paints show no pooling but all sacs to have a yellow cost. They have good adhesion {*7). Blvacst 1423 has blistered. 0007--SWP-04G016 0007-SWP-000115389 3- On the north aide of the bliater houae the emulsion paints In general again look better than the oil or aolvent type painta. The emulsion painta are O.K. on Flexboard (lytron 680 haa a yellow east) while an oil house paint and the alkyd paint self-primed show peeling. Zn other respects, the results are similar to the south side. Series 16162, put out on southern pine on the k$ fence In March of thia year, already shows some results^ The pine panels are primed on the left with TT-P-25, on the right with an XAD-116 zinclss* primer with R 610 TiQa, with tha center section the teat paints two coats aelf-primed. Emulaion paints are ouch better over the primer# then self-primed. If the first coat is reduced with some tung oil or if XAD 116 is amulsifled into tbs first coat, result# ere better. Lytron 680 paint at 50> PTC peels if applied on bare wood but is much better over the oil primers. An AC-33 paint at 28# PVC is gray. The styrene butadiene paint at 35# PVC ie etill O.K. over the primers end e Fliollte S-5 paint ie still O.K., even eelf-prlmad. Last year we reported on a very complicated series of tints put out in August, 1937* There ere gloae oil type end flat alkyd type houae palate, PVA, lytron 680 end AC-33 emulelon paints. The solvent type palate ware applied on cedar, the emulelon paints on white pinn (to eliminate staining). Other substrate# Include cement aebestos shingles end Flexboard. The basic white paints were also tinted as follows: 1. Green - Raaapo Green CP-735-D or Monastral green peete CW-749-P. 2. Yellow - Oil painta with Zinc Yellow 7-638-0, alkyd end emulsion paints with Green Gold n-362-0. 3* Yellow . oil end alkyd paints tinted with Light Chrome Yellow T-^33-0, emulsion paints with Toluldlne Yellow Paata Y-6T2-P (Hanes). k. Pink - Molybdate Orange YK-6J7-D. 3> Pink Farachlor Red BT-427-D or HW-738-P. The base paints were as follows: (a) R-6l0/teaded Zinc/tag Silicate in 73/23 Raw/X Linseed at 33# PVC. (b) R-6l0/Zlne 0xlde/CaC09 in 73/23 Alkali Refined/X Lineeed 39# PVC. (e) R-500/zinc Oxide/CaCQj in 75/23 Alkali Refined/x Lineeed at 39# PVC. (d) Yi-Cal R-60/Zine Oxide in 75/25 Alkali Reflned/X Linseed at 50# PVC. 0007-SWP-046017 0007-SWP-000115390 -6- () R-610/Mg Silicate in 75/25 Long oil alkyd/flat alkyd at 20$ PVC. (f) R.500/Mg Silicate in 75/25 Long oil alkyd/flat alkyd at 20$ PVC. (g) R-6lO/Mg Sllicate/Si02/Mica in flat alkyd at 47$ PVC. (h) R-6l0/21nc Oxide/Mg Silicate/SiOg^Cica in flat alkyd at 47$ PVC. (i) R-610/ciay/SiOja/foica in fiat alkyd at 47$ PVC. (j) R-6l0/kica in PVAc 64-1100 DBF at 25$ PVC. (k) s-610/Mg Silicate in aetylie AC-55 sc 25$ PVC. (l) R-610/Mg Slllcate/day in Lytron 660 at 40$ PVC. In general, the eaulaion paints at approximately two years show better tint retention and appearance than the solvent type paints. The PVA 64-1100 paints rate the best for tint retention, the AC-55 acrylic next, but Is grayer as a white. The lytron 680 paints look cleaner but also show more fading. Faint (a) looks dingier than Faint (b), which represents a coanarisen between leaded sine and sine oxide, du Pont expects Paint (c) with chloride process TlQa R 500 may show batter tint appearance than Feint (b) from this point on. They said that it four years R 5OO is cleaner and shows less mold than R 610. The non-reactive pigmented alkyda show mold, but if some sine oxide is introduced mold is controlled, Clsy causes fading. Molybdate orange should not be used on an alkaline surface such as flmxboard, Parechlor Red, which is alkali resistant, is good only in emulsion paints. FVA shows efflorescence on FIexboard, while the acrylic* are intermediate In tint retention and dirt pick-up. Xn a repaint study put out in Sapteober of 1957 an alkyd type surface conditioner was used over old paint ratad at 4 chalk. lytron 600 is the only paint showing pooling, and that only if a one coat applica tion. lytron 680 plus linseed oil la batter aa a first coat than straight lytron 660 although both show soma peeling, Arolon 504 is falling as s conditioner. du Font has a special test of our samples of SWF Rock Green end Terrace Green in gloea, end Yosemlc* Green la SWP Velvet Flat. The Rock Green end Terrace Green are O.K. for mildew since they carry leaded sine, but show some fading. The Velvet Flat with a pound of 16 M pet gallon still shows mold. 0007-SWP-046018 0007-SWP-000115391 -7- Xn 1958 and 1959 du Font has put out whet they cell their "Rainbow Serial." Various colors were put out in linseed oil, in Pliolite S-5, in alkyd gloss, and in acrylic and FVA Blvacet 1423 emulsion paints. The colors used include: Monsstral Violet R RT-733 D Nonastral Red B RT-742 D Orange KK YT-700 D Molybdate Orange -YR-637 D Chrome Orange Med. YO-55* D Chrome Yellow Lc. Y-433 D Green Gold YT-5^2 D Green Cold/Monastral Green Monastral Green CT-751 0 Raaspo Blue BP-366 0 The TIOg used to make the tints was R 900 prototype material except that the Remaps Blue tint was also made with R 610 and R 500. While it is too early for results in all cases, some eoceaents can be made on the "Rainbow Series" st this time, Honastral Rede end Violet have shown what appears to be chemical fading or efflorescence when used over some alkaline surfaces. The emulsion points are best for tint appsarancs end ebeence of mold. PVA ie slightly better then AC-33 in tint retention hut shows some efflorescence on masonry. Again Molybdate orenge ie blotchy on alkaline eubetretee. Pliolite paints show fading. The ZAS-116 paints look good. Ve Inspected s series of red exterior oil paints put out In November of 1937 on cedar and southern pine. These are actually tints of R 900 prototypeTiOj except for a few crosa-evam with R 510 end 610, which show Isas tint retention atthi* time. Monaatral Red B end Violet R, end iroa oxide look good end a 30/30 blend of Monstrel lied and iron oxide looks quite good. A 30/30 blend of Monaatral Rad and moly oranga has lost sosm of Its rad character. Harmon's Indo Red and Thiofast Rad faded. X did not have time to record all the detallii of thie teat. du Font has a vary extensive aeries known as their 1937 Annual Reulslon Series. There are too many variations to enumerate in detail. They include a variety of TiO^'a. R 6l0 plue f?, *11R .610, R 310, R 500, prototype R 900, and R 110, at 27$ TVC ln F^lvAett b-1100 and 81-900; c 2p PVC in AC-33; at 30$ PVC inAytron 680 and at 353t in Dow'a acrylic X-2647.1., Th^^emll^pecliXlwslng axtendars to raise the Pvc'a ^M^^lowsaspPJt^n ns'&ighas-dOtf. Cubetratas include cement asbestos shingle*, Suberbid flatbosrd, edge grai in white pine and flat grain southern pine. 0007-SWP-046019 0007-SWP-00011 .8- In these eerie* Dow'* acrylic X 2647.1 does not look ai good as AC-33 but thla may be due to the difference In fungicides. Actually the best looking series at the moment Is the Lytron 660 paints which clean up better, probably due to the high PTC. 18 ounces of Aroplas 2308 were added per gallon to the 680 paints for the first coats. It would sees from this work that a different paint would be required for masonry than for wood. On masonry practically all 60$ PVC paints look good, but such high PVC paints peel on wood, AC-3? looks good in general on flatboard, as does lytron 680. Poor performance on the ttuberold flatboard is apparent with Elvacet 64-1100, with soma formulas with Elvacet 81-900, and with soma solvent paints, both regular oil paints and flat alkyda. On southern pine there are TT-P-25a primer end Admerol first coat plus flat alkyd bouss paint sections over which the top coats vara applied, as well as self-primed areas. They wars exposed at 43 south. The Elvacet 81-900 homopolymer PVA paints look bast, as wa have some times observed with bomopolymers on bars wood. In general, the acrylics are not aa good as the PVA paints, and ths lytron 680 (high PVC) paints do not look good. All show up bast over the TT-P-23a einclsss primer. The Dow aeryHe X-2647.1 palnta all look thinner and shew mors mold than thalr AC-53 counterparts. A few connereial oil type house paints wars included In tbs southern pine group - they look good thus far. Another series was put out in Juno 1955 covering repainting over chalky surfaces. Cedar and cement coated asbestos shingles wore used ea substrates. The so-called "A" series had two coats of the first paint applied in 1955 end weathered for two yeara, then given one coat of the aaeond paint In 1957. The present condition la aa follows (no remarks Indicates satisfactory condition although sqr notes nay not bo complete). Paint Description Condition Cedar Cement coated Asbestos no. 1 Ho. 2 PVA 81-900 + DBP 283 PTC Styrene-butadlene/cl. Paraffin PVC 56$ O.K. O.K. Ho. 1 Styrens-butadiana/Cl. Paraffin Ho. 2 PVA 81-900 + DBP Bad Peel O.K. Ho. 1 PVA 8W900 + DBP Ho. 2 Linseed roll house paint O.K. O.K. Ho. 1 Linseed ell Ho. 2 PVA 81-900 Pair Peel 0007-SWP-046020 0007-SWP-000115393 -9- Paint Description Cedar Condltion Cement Coated Asbeatoa No. 1 PVA 81-900 No. 2 Non-reaetive pigmented alkyd O.K. O.K. No. 1 No, 2 No. 1 NO. 2 Non-reactiva pigmented alkyd PVA 81-900 PVA 81-900 Portland Cement O.K. Bed peel O.K. Fair No. X Portland Cement NO. 2 PVA 81-900 - Peal No. 1 Portland Cement No. 2 Linaeed oil Thin Peal No. 1 Unseed oil No. 2 Portland Cement Eroded off Slight peal No. 1 Alkyd No. 2 Alkyd O.K. - No. 1 Linseed oil No. 2 Linseed oil O.K. O.K. No. 1 Acrylic emulsion paint 28$ PVC No. 2 Styrene butadlena/ci. Paraffin O.K. - No. 1 Styrene butadlene/ci, paraffin No. 2 Acrylic amclSlon Bad paal No. 1 Acrylic emulsion No. 2 Linseed oil O.K. - No. 1 Linseed ell NO. 2 Acrylic emulsion O.K. - No. 1 Acrylic emulsion No. 2 Alkyd O.K. - No. 1 Alkyd No. 2 Acrylic emulsion O.K. - No. 1 Acrylic emulsion NO. 2 Portland Ceaant Pair - No. 1 Portland Cement No. 2 Acrylic emulsion Flake - 000; -SWP-046021 0007-SWP-000115394 -10- Paint Deacrlotlon Cedar Conditlon Cement Coated Asbestos No. 1 Portland Cement No. 2 Alkyd Thin No. 1 Alkyd No. 2 Portland Cement Eroded off No. l PVA 81-900 No. 2 PVA 81-900 O.K. C.K. No. 1 Acrylic amulelon NO. 2 Acrylic emulsion O.K. O.K. Dr. Vannoy made a number of eoomenta on Busan LI. Normally the sine oride w:'il control mold In a representative all-purpose tint base with B 610, nclculer sine oxide, calcium carbonate plus some phenyl mercury oleats In an oil vehicle. If ha removes the sine oxide ha cannot control the mold. If he Introduces up to 2-1/2 pounds Busan 11 per gal lon, there is still mildew. If hs than goes all the woy to FF and uses 1--1/4 pounds sine oxide and 1-1/4 pounds Busan 11, the film is O.K. In certain paints if hs uses 2-1/2 pounds Busan 11 rather than one pound he gats mors mold as the higher amount retards chalking too much. If he uaas one pound of Buaan 11 with non-chalking B 610 and calcium carbonate tba paint mil darn badly. If he replace# the carbonate with talc tbs meld decrease#. Ha perhaps favors tale plua Buaan 11 at 2-1/2 pound# in an XAD-116 alkyd. 0007-SWP-046022 0007-SWP-000115395 -11- Titanium Pigment Corporation - Sayvllla, Loos laland, W. Y. Perhaps the aoat disturbing alamsnt In TPC's axpoauraa is Cha poor performance of their AC-33 acrylic aaulaIon house paints. This la contrary to our own work ao s o bs tins has been spent in analysing pos sible reasons for the differences. It is assumed that TPC got their baas formulas from the supplier, Rohm and Haaa. The questions than bacons whether the formula* vers of sufficiently recent origin to be considered as modem and technically sound, and whether TPC's variations wars technically correct. In both respects, TPC's formulas are not eatlafactory. It ia known that even a formula with the proper ingredients In the proper amounts can give either good or bad raaulta depending on the order of addition and the degree of dioporslon affected. It appears that lack of dispersion could b tht primary cause for TPC's poor results with AC-33. Soem specific examples will bo given. In two series put out In 195^ and 1933, reapectlvaly, in which aczyllca are coopered with polyvinyl acetate#, both hem- and copolymer typoa, the total dlapereant for the acrylic la 3 pound# of gum arable while the PVA'a carry the 3 pounds of gum arable plus 16 pound# of Triton X-100. This, of course, would make a big difference! Actually wo do not uae gum arable and wa think it la outmodad. In another eaee put out in I953 copolymer PVA 12 K 51 is compared with AC-33 over a range of PVC'e from 13 to 40JL Throe pound# of gum arable and 8 pound# of triton X-100 are used throughout. The acrylics ohm much more fading than the PVA, both increasing at higher PVC'e. Baaidaa the indicated elimination of the gum arable it can ha aeen that the amount of dispersant la probably toe high at low PVC'e and too low at high. In another series the acrylics carry 3 pounds of Tamol 731 aa the only diapersent while the PVA with which It ia being compared carries tbs same amount of Tamol 731 plus 8 pounds of Triton X-1001' Obviously this la not a sound or fair comparison. Other similar faulty formulations wars found. To correct tbaae situations vs understand that Rohm and Baas are working with TPC to evalu ate technically sound aerylie anuliion paint formulas, brought up to data In light of currant knowledge. This should help in the future to counteract tha bad publicity TPC ia giving acrylic paints. 0007-SWP-0460S3 0007-SWP-000115396 -12. While It la obvious that we cannot rely ouch on TPC's testa of enulalon paints, so that we actually will omit details on some series, there ere other comparisons which hold some Interest. One aeries put out in May, 1957, compares a variety of polymers using a pigmentation of 200 pounds of RA 50 T10a and 75 pounds of whiting at 30$ PVC. The paints are exposed aa yellow and gray tint* on both cement asbestos shingles and cedar shakes, two costa self-primed. The results after two years are largely fading, which may be summarised aa follows: Polymer Fading Yellow Styrene butadiene X-25& Considerable Acrylic AC-33 Definite Xerpolymer lytron 660 Considerable Homopolyaer PVAc 81-900 Considerable Boaopolymer PVAc TS 22 Considerable Homopolymer PVAc CL 102 Slight Copolymer PVAc 12 K 55 Definite Copolymer PVAc Bvarflax G Slight Copolymer PVAc Polytax 600 Blight Copolymer PVAc Flexbond 800 Vary alight Copolymer PVAc CL 202 Slight Aroian 110 Bad Hoex}polymer PVAc 84-1100 Considerable Homopolymer PVAc ReichhoLd 9301 Definite Homopolyaer PVAc " 9304 Definite Copolymer PVAc " 9120 Slight Considerable Considerable Considerable Considerable Considerable Slight Considerable Considerable Considerable Slight Vary alight Bed Considerable Definite Slight Slight Another aeries of emulsion paints, put out In August, 1957, consists of P.C. hiss tints of bomopolyaar PVA Elvscat 84-1100, copolymer PVA Calmness CL-202, acrylic AC-35 and AC-33 modified with alkyd. All formulas carry 200 pounds of RA XIQb pins magnesium silicate to vary PVC's from 30 to 35$, These are applied two coats on weathered cement sabeatos ahlnglaa. All show more fading at higher PVC's. The copolymer PVA ahewa the bast tint retention, the bomopolymar PVA next and the acrylic the moat fading. Alkyd modification of the acrylic reduce* fading. Thia seems to ba another case of vary questionable dispersion. 1-1/2 pounds of potassium trlpelyphosphate and 8 pounds of Triton X-100 are used for all the paints. Obviously, thia could not ba optimum at all PVC*a. Tha aUqrdmodlfleatlon of the acrylic (25$ Aroplas 1274) gave hotter eolor slevelopaeat, again indicating lack of pigment diaper, tlon.la cha straight aeryllea. 0007-SWP-046024 0Q07-SWP-000115397 -13- For tome yeara we have been reporting on a rather complicated aariea of exposures of exterior emulsion paints, started in September 1954. A pigmentation of 70$ Tltanox RA KC/30$ magnesium silicate was used at 35$ PVC in a succession of emulsion vehicles; styrene butadiene X 2562, polystyrene BKS 92, copolymer polyvinyl acetate Everflex C, homopolymer PVAc WC-I3O, acrylic AC-33 and AC-33 modified with alkyd. The paints were applied as follows: 2 coats on weathered cement asBestoe shingles 2 coats on glazed cement asbestos shingles 2 coats on weathered stucco 2 coats on new cedar siding 1 coat over house paint primer on new cedar siding 1 coat on chalky paint 2 coats on cement block Many of these tests have passed the point where they are of much value after fiva years of exposure. Again the poor dispersant formulation casts doubt on the results. Cum arable is used alone with the acrylic paints (3 pounds) but 16 pounds of Triton X-100 were added to the gum arable in the PVA paints. The polystyrene paint is bad on all surfaces. On wood the styrene butadiene paint is also poor. The alkyd modification of AC-33 reduces the chalking of straight AC-33* The copolymer FVA paint, the straight AC-33 the alkyd modified AC-33 paint are doing well on unglaced cement aabeatoa shingles. The copolymer FVA ia better than the post plasticized FVA. A series exposed In August, 1937* comperes a pigmentation of 200 pounds Tltanox IA $0 and 73 pounds magnesium silicate at 30$ PVC in various emulsion vehicles. -Thsy include copolymer polyvinyl scatatss CL-202, 12 K 33 end homopolymer 64-1100, acrylic AC-33 *d AC-33 with 23$ Aroplaa 1274, and styrene butadiene. The paints wars applied ss tw coats on: Cement block Glased cement asbestos shingles Aged stucco Raw siding Regular cement asbestos shingles Frlmsd new siding Weathered painted siding This series compares the six vehicles in paints tinted blue with P.c. blue. Tbs dispersant in each case is 1-1/2 pounds of potas sium trlpolyphosphata and 8 pounds of Triton X-100. Rohm and Bass coasidar the amount of dispersant inadequate for the AC-33 paints. This wan supported by the poor color development in the AC-33 paints. Chalking occurred es early se at eight months. 0007-SWP-046025 -14- The copolymer PVA'a are showing chs best tint retention, the styrene butadiene the poorest. The AC-33 point shows bad fading, worst on old chalking house paint. The homopolymer PVA shows more fading and more efflorescence than the copolymers, The same six vehicles (with minor exceptions) were used In a series put out In July, 1938, with practically the same pigmentation and identical PVC, using Hansa Tallow to produce a yellow tint. Again the paints were applied on a variety of substrates much as in the 1937 series. The Sanaa Yellow shows considerable fading in all of the paints. The copolymer PVA and also the copolymer PVA modified 25)5 with alkyd showed the best tint retention. The homopolymer PVA followed cloeely. Straight AC-33 showed slightly more fading than ths PVA'# and even more fading when modified 23)5 with alkyd, lytrcn 680 showed better tint re tention than AC-33, with less graying tendency. We do not have details on the dispersants used In this series end therefore cannot comment on the anomalous results. In August, 1937, Titanium Pigment put on exposure a group of emulsion points preparsd by our Emulsion Research Laboratory. They were applied two coats on cement asbestos shlnglss. The paints lncluds s variety of rutile TIOa's in styrene butadiene and a cross-over of one lot of Tltenox BA DC in Iytron 680 eerpoiyaar, 12 K 53 PVA copolymer end AC-33 acrylic* The titanium oxldas in styrene butadiene Include four lots of BA DC, a special lot of BA NC for reduced chalking, and single lots of Tittnox BA 30, Tl-Pure 610, 51">, 500, Unltaaa 640 end 340. All the paints wars formuLatsd at 37%, as light grsen tints using chromium oxids. The styrene butadiene group ell ehow bad chalking (rated aa 4) with little difference between pigments except for e slight advsntega for-the special lot of KA HC. AC-33 shows slight chalking (7), wary slight chalk on Iytron 660 (8)- and practically no chalk on 12 K 55 (9). Fading (9) is greatest and about equal on ths styrtas butadlsne, Lytroc 680 and AC-33 palate, least (6) oa ths PVA 12 K 33 paint. These readings were by J. MscCuffie of TPC as ths writer did not Inspect this series, It should bs notsd that last year's report of our inspection of this series after tea montha' exposure state* that the etyrena buta diene paints shoved considerable fading, slight fading on ths Lytren 680 and 12 k 55 paints sad vary slight on the AC-33 paint. Previous .inspection trip reports have outlmad an extensive exposure aeriee put outeby TPC-lnAaguet, 1956 to teat the quality con trol?jfc^thair proftfottonvof controlled chalking rutile TIOz. The titanium oxide plgMEktasdhclude: 7 lots Of Titanox BA NC (TPC) 5 lots of Tltenox BA 50 (TPC) 1 lot of Tltanox RA (TPC) ll lots of Tl-Pure 8-610 (du Pont) 3 lots of Tl-Pure R-510 (du Pont) 1 lot of OB-640 (Calco) 2 lots of unitans OR-540 (Caito) 0007-SWP-046026 0007-SWP-000115399 -15- Some of the groups in this teat Include the extended titanium calcium pigment* such a* Tltenox RC and RC BX (XPC) and Tl-Cal R-60 and R-2? (du Pont). One lot of Titanox RA NC (D56FI9 irTA) vaa aelected for blue carbon black undertone, with anticipated lower chalk realatance. The varioua titanium pigment* were used in several different typea of painta, generally a* white, green tint* (chrome oxide), and blue tinta (P. C. Blue). These include the following, together with the surfaces on which they were applied: 1. Maleic alkyd enamels. 18$ PVC before shading. Exposed 45 south as one coat over house paint primer on small cedar panels. 2. SWP tint base, with 18 M. 36.7$ PVC. Two coats self-primed on cedar bevel aiding, south vertical. 3. Emulsion paints. Acrylic AC-33, hooopolyaer polyvinyl acetate Elvaeet 81-900, copolymer 12 K 33, and styrene butadiene Cow X-2562. 30$ PVC, except 35$ for styrene butadiene. Pigmentation 200 pounds TlOa plus 78 pounds magnesium silicate. On unglased cement asbestos shingles. There were two supplementary series in which the asms pigments ware exposed in alkyd flat exterior painta and as alkyd-Chlorowex enamels, Only a part of the entire aeries was examined. In group 1, the mAleic alkyd palate on cedar, ia the green tints the Titanox SA NC oxides wars quite good In tint retention except for one sample out of seven. This was the special sesplt selected for tons. Ti-Purs & 610 showed nine equal to the better IA DC's and two having mors fading. The single sample of 0&>6fe0 apppifdd equal to the better BA EC's and R 610'a. The samples of Titabdjt^lAJO showed more fading than RA NC while Tl-Pure B 3IO showed two samples having superior tint retention and ona showing bad fading. Bnltana 0R-340 showed rather bad fading, Titanox RA showed considerable fading, with e yellow face. % , The ranking in the blue tints was approximately the seme as in the greens except that the samples of Ti-Pure R 610 shewed more vari ation, two samples superior to RA NC, six samples slightly inferior end three definitely inferior to the best RA NC's. The styrene butadiene tints showed the most fading. As at 22 months, some apparent^eoomalies were observed. The best tint reten tion was shown by,|two samples of Ti-Purs R-310, while again tha third &-5l0^seaple\ifatedibailly,^ Titanox JtA also showed less but spotty fading. AlljOthex ssmplss aboved relatively bad fading. The apparent anomalies wgnbs^'due to differences in adherence of chalk. 0007-SWP-046027 0007-SWP-000115400 -16- The acrylic tinea in group 3 show laaa fading than the styrene butadiene parallels, and more uniform performance with like samples. In all cases the RA HC special aample showed more fading than regular BA NC Among the solvent type paint exposures there were two groups of proprietary house paints. The first, put out in June, 1955. tw0 coats self-primed on cedar and white pine, shows the following results: SWF 471 Gloss White - starting to erode on south, slight cracking on north. National Lead #110 Bright White - good both south and north. Pittsburgh 1-34 White - peeling along the lower edge of the white pins on south, thin on north. du Font #40 White - some cracking south, quite thin north. Scars #143 White - bad erosion south, very thin north. Ward's #75-1 Whits - cracking on white pine south, thin north. Devos #347 White - yellow on south and north, more dirt. Benjamin Moore #100 White - thin and mold lower edge south, slight mold but good condition north. The second proprietary series was put out in June, 1957, also two coats salf-prlasd on cedar sad white pine. The present condition is es follows: SWF 471 Gloss White - good south end north, best flow in series, - National lead next. national lead #110 Bright White - good south and north, whiter than SWF. du Foot #40 Whits - good south and north. Sears #143 White - good south and north. Devos #347 White - yellow south and north. Benjamin Moore #100 White - cracking south, O.K. north. Fattersoa-Sargent #218 Whits - blue white color, slight mold north. 0007-SWP-046028 0007-SWP-000115401 -17- Another ieriee put out in June, 1957 on coder end white pine, covering high hiding white houee paint, includes eome proprietary one coat houee painta, ea well ea e few experimental!. The topcoata were applied over primer end also two coeta aelf-primad on bare wood, and aa one coat over previously weathered, chalky house paint. The experimental paints are not of much interest ao far. Sherwin-Williams' 476 One Coat White, du Font's 41 White, Sears' #1$0 White and Devos's #501-04 White are all In good condition after the two yeara_of exposure. The Devoe paint has a yellow east, du Font a reddish tinge, while Sears' is a blue white compared with SWF 4-76, A series was put out in October, I956 to compare magnesium silicate and natural whiting as extenders in gray and green gloss and flat alkyd house paints, two coats self-primed on cedar. The paints tested and their condition after approximately 2-1/2 years are as follows: (1) 120 pounds Tltenox RA NC plus 250 pounds Zinc oxide with extender to 55$ 2VC in 75# raw linseed, 25# za bodied linseed, (e) 590 pounds natural Whiting - lass fading in gray and green than (b). (b) 410 pounds Magnasium silicate - more fading than (a). Thia roversea the order of fading from last year's readings. (2) As (1) but 500 pounds Tltenox RC for 120 pounda RA. K. (a) 50 pounds natural Whiting. Lass fading than 1 (a), lass than 2 (b) in gray. Yellower than 2 (b) In green. (b) 55 pounda Magnaaiiai eillcata. Lass fads than 2 (a) In gray and grass, but laaa than 1 (b) in green. Slightly yellow in groan tint. (3) 200 pounda Tltenox RA DC with extender to 35# FVC in 40# linseed, 55# alkyd and 25# chlorinated paraffin. Fading dbout equal to 1 (a) and (b). (4) 130 pounds RA HC with extender to 50# FVC in 100# alkyd vehicle as an exterior flat. Fading like 1 (a) and (b) but more mildew on magnaaltxB silicate. 0007-SWP-046029 0007-SWP-000115402 -18- Among the special TPC testa, their storage building hsa been painted for three years vlth a paint similar to Ho. 3 above. This is a repaint on spruce over which the old paint was in very poor condition. The new paint is in vary good condition and stays clean even under the eaves. TPC has a cross-over series of exposures of tint bases, conparing solvent and eanilalon house paints. These were put out in October, 1933, on cedar siding and aged csnent-asbestos shingles. The gloss paints were applied over a conventional slncless primer while the others were applied two coats self-primed. All are yellow tints, using chroma yellow. The paints Included the following: Gloss House Paints P 312 17.3* Tltanox BA HC 29.0$ Zinc oxide 33.4$ Calcium carbonate 20.39 Chroma Tallow 739 Bofined linaaad 239 Za bodied linaaad PVC 339 P 313 52.79 Tltanox HC 26.29 tine oxide 19.19 Chroma Tallow 739 Hafinad linseed 239 Zb bodied llnaeed PVC 339 Plat Alkyd P 314 22.49 Tltanox BA HC 30.09 Calcium carbonate 27.69 Chroma Tallow Ualltyd 1932 pv c 509 The sssulsion paints wars all plgsmntsd with 60.49 Titanas BA 1C/ 39.6$ Chroma Tallow at 30)1 TVC. t 315 Acrylic P 316 Polyvinyl acetate P 317 Styrene butadiene The flat alkyd has the bast tint retention in this sarise . contrary to our 'own experience andxsstinyitfarcthsr^doubt on TPC's early work with emulsion paints* Tbs PVApaint is thabaatof the anulaion paints in tint rstantion,%Jbut not aqusl to tbs f1st alkyd. Both the aayUo^mnd styreneibutadiana paints era showing bad fading. The |16iriii paints' era settled on the aabastoa ahinglaa aa they struck in on application. 0007-SWP-046030 0Q07-SWP-000115403 -19- A somewhat similar but mote extensive series of tint bases, particularly from the standpoint of substrates, was pot out In May, 1956. The paints were applied on: Cenent bloek stucco Glazed asbestos shingles Weathered asbestos shingles New siding Primed new siding Weathered painted siding New shakes The compositions of the paints were as follows: Gloss Paints - applied over zineless printer tinted gray. F U71 17$ Tltanox RA NC 29$ Zinc oxide 34$ Calcium carbonate 20$ Chrome yellow 73$ Raw linseed ail 23$ Zg Beet bodied L.O. At 33$ PVC F 472 37$ Tltanox RC 38$ Zlne oxide 19$ Chrome yellow Flat Paints - two coats self-primed. P 473 38$ Tltanox BA NC 16$ Calcium carbonate 46$ Hanes yellow As F 471 Flat alkyd. At 50$ PVC. All the flat eanilsion paints were formulated at 30$ PVC using a pigmentation of: 68$ Tltanox BA NC 32$ Hants yellow F 474 Acrylic F 473 Polyvinyl acetate copolymer F 476 Styrene butadiene Again the flat alkyd is the best in tine retention but with a reddlah cast while F 471 is the best with a true yellrw cast. Note that F 471 has chroma yellow while the flat alkyd has Hanaa, which would be inferior to the beet chrome, especially In an oil paint c o t v . talning mine oxide. F 472 with Tltanox BC la dirty and gray coopered with $ 471 carrying pure rutile TiQg. 0007-SWF-046031 0007-SWP-000115404 -20- Xn the emulsion group the FVA 1* the beet in tint retention while both the acrylic and atyrene butadiene paints ahow bad fading. Tamol 751 . 25^ wae uaed as the dispersing agent together with Triton X-100 for the PVA paint, but no Triton X-100 wae weed with the acrylic. The dispersant requirements were considerably higher then actually usad, even without considering that which should have bean used in the Hansa yellow paste. Hansa would be expected to show fading, especially over alkaline surfaces. TPC started e aeries in January, 1958, coopering extenders in flat alkyd exterior paints at 50$ PVC. The paints were applied two coats self-primed on cedar. In the green tints, natural whiting has tha best tint retention, showing only slight feds with a yellow cast (rutile yellowing?). Calcium carbonate plus dlatcmacsous silica shows slight fsding, again with a yellow cast. Calcium silicate followed closely in tint retention. Magnesium silicate showed mors fsding, and slight mold on tha north exposures. Natural calcium sulfate, silica, barytes, and mica all showed tbs greatest degree of fading, ell about equal with a slight margin for ales. Calcium carbonate and calcium silicate show more tendency to retain rust stains. In October, 1959. a series of tint bsses were put on exposure to dsaonatrats the tint retention and chalk resistance of various titanium oxides. Tints were made as follows: greys with lnpblack, blues with P.C. blue, greens with Harmon's opaline 61, pinks with Parachlor Red, yellows with chrome yellow light, end toilerines (tinting pigment not identified). The bese paint is formulated es follows: 120# Titanium oxide 25# Elne oxide 390# Natural Hhlting 75$ Raw linseed oil 25$ z4 Heat bodied 1.0. PVC - 33? The titanium oxidas usad Included Titams RA 30 and RA NC as well as Tl-Purs R 300, R 510, and R-610. All tha titanium oxides show reasonably uniform tint retention at this atags. Parachlor Rad fadae la all thm pink tints with R 510 slightly batter than R 500. TPC finds In general that R 500 chalks like R 510, more than Titanox RA 50, RA W or Ti-Purm r 610 and la not cleaner in tints. In a study of laopbthalic alkyds, TPC put out a series in December, 1933, i*h a basic pigmentation of: 150* Titanox A 166 l3QMtt$aaax RA 320y hJgnsslup silicate at 33# PVC 0007-SWP-046032 0007-SWP-00011540 -21- The vehicle* are Hated belov, together with note* where there le a departure from normal performance. If ny notea are correct, "(75-25]" mean* 75$ of the elkyd plua 25$ chlorinated paraffin. "100$ linaeed-eoya (45-45-10)" would mean 90 part* of a 5O/5O linaeed aoya alkyd plua 10$ chlorinated paraffin. All the paint* contain 2-1/2 gal lon* fungicide per hundred gallon*, Tb* paint* were applied two coat* aelf-prlmed on cedar and Southern Pine, r 376 255t Rev linaeed oil 1556 Q bodied linaeed ~ 25$ Long oil alkyd 25$ Chlorinated paraffin realn $0$ (Apparently IK error In 5t' of components) P 377 P-378 75$ Long oil alkyd 25$ Chlorinated paraffin 100$ Long oil alkyd (Crack and peel on one pin* board. Apparently formula too hard.) P 379 100$ Soya alkyd (75-25) (S-T Vi*.) 7 360 100$ Soya alkyd (85-I5) (S Via.) Eroding. 7 581 100$ Soya alkyd (85-15) (Z-Z* Via.) Batter than 7 300* 7 582 100$ tall oil alkyd (90.10) (V Via.) 7 583 100$ lall oil alkyd (90-10) (Zx Via.) 7 584 100$ Tall oil alkyd (85-15) (Zx Via.) 7 585 100$ Tall oil alkyd (85-15) (Z*-Z4 Via.) 7 586 100$ Linaeed *eya alkyd (45-45-10) (H-I via.) Eroding. ' 7 387 100$ linaeed aoya alkyd (4?-4?-10) (Z4-Z4 via.) Mach batter than 7 586. 7 588 100$ Linaeed alkyd (90-10) (K VI*.) Eroding. 9 589 100$ Linaaad alkyd (90ul0) (z Vi*.) Much battar than 7 388. 7590 100$ Soya alkyd (90-10) (Z4 Vi*,) Soma erosion. .. Th*bigherviaccaity vahlcl* in any pair of similar composition alkydamivey* -ehov# 1*** aroeion and laaa mold. The toya alkyd* show biotamaold than thoaa made with linaaad. The tall oil alkyd* era patterning vail ao far. 0007-SWP-046033 0007-SWP-0001 22- ln TPC's valuation of lunui 11, they pot out one comparison in March, 195, two coete on white pine. The conpoeitiona end current condition are aa follows: G 860 15C# Titanox A MO 500 Titanox BA NC 5000 35$ Leaded Zinc 2450 Kagneslua ailicate 75$ Refined llnaeed oil 25$ Zg Bodied linaeed PVC 33$ G 661 150# Titanox A W 50# Titanox RA NC 2450 Kegneelua silicate 20C# Buaan 11 75$ Refined linaeed oil 25$ Zg Bodied linaeed PVC 33$ On both eouth and north exposure the Buaan 11 (no sine) paint G 861 above more aold than G 860. The chalking it J on C 860 and 6 on G 861. TPC reports that in another aeries of gray paints it vas shown that Buaan 11 does not work with tltanlun ealclun. Another teat of Buaan 11 was put out in August, 1958. using the paints self-prland on 0105 Movelty Southern Pine siding. Here Busan 11 shows soap advantage in aold control whan used in large sw^nts. The-^r^bfte in all the paints la baaed on 75$ Refined lineeed oil and 25$ itsJ9odlsd linaeed oil. The pignentationa and current condition are aa'^oBowaj a 311 2000 Titanox BA 50 500p Magnesites ailicate Bad aold on south and north. H 312 2000 Titanox RA 50 4200 Magnesiua ailicate 1000 Buaan 11 Sane stold eouth, considerable aold north. H313 20CfTitanox SA 50 3750iP*gnaaiun ailicate itf/mbm 11 Slight aold south, alight to considerable aold north 0007-SWP-046034 0G07-SWP-000115407 -23- H 311*. 200# Tltanox RA 50 Slight aold north. 335# Magnesium silicate 200# Buaan 11 H 315 200# Tltanox XA 50 Clean both south and north. 250# Magnesium silicate 3OO# Buaan 11 The real break occurs between 150 and 200 pounds of Buaan 11. In the area of Industrial finishes, TPC put out a lengthy series in July, 1958, on aluminum, in both whites and grays, exposed 1*5. south to demonstrate the durability and tint retention of various types of binders. The paints were applied by spray, two coats of enamel over a coat of primer. The pigmentation was straight Tltanox BA NC, with certain exceptions noted. It was impossible in the time available to record all details of performance. The main observations were on the gray tints and the comments below cite only departures from normal performance: tt>. Vehicle CTO Cray Tints Comments 1 Air Dry Maleic Modified Alkyd 2 Baked Alkyd Urea 3A Epoxy Urea (70$*30$) 3B Bpoxy Urea (80$-20$) 3C Bpoxy Urea (60$-k0$) 1*A Bpoxy Polyamide (50$.30$) m Slight fads. 13$ Less fade than 1. 23$ Bad feds. 23$ Bad fade. 23$ Bad fada. 18$ Bad fada. 4B Bpoxy tol*amlda(65$-33$) 18$ Bad fada. ItC Bpoxyi"TM*" 18$ Bad fada. 1*0 18$ Bad fada. 54 pay-_ 17$ Bad fada. 5B BpaxyAUM^WOir formaldehyde 17$ Bad fada. 6 BpoxyafUBMjP^(iMtao catalyst) 16$ Bad fada. 7' 17$ Bad fada. 8 22$ Good, vary slight fede 10A (83$-15$) 15$ Xxcellsnt gloss. very little feds. 10B Aerylie-Amberlac (73-23$) 15$ Excellent gloss, very little fada. IOC Acrylic-Amberlac (85>15$) 20$ BxaAilmnfeatlmii. vaxy4lttlafsde. 1CD Aeryllo-Amberlac ,(73^23$) 20$ Excellent gloss, very little fada. lUiSl 15$ Mora dirt than #10's. 20$ Mora dirt than #10's. lA^SPfilyiiretbsne Air Dry 20$ Lost gloss, faded. 128 Polyurethane Baked 20$ Lost gloss, faded. 0007-SWP-046035 0007-SWP-000115408 24- Vehicle Ko. Gray Tinea PVC 15A Lacquer (Coconut Alkyd-Maleic Modified) 138 Lacquer (Coconut Alkyd-Maleic Modified) 1JC Lacquer (Coconut Alkyd-DBF) 1JD Lacquer (Coconut Altyd-DBP) 14A Styrenated Alkyd Lev Coat 14b Styrenated Alkyd l o w Coat Pigmentation: 100$ "TJTASOX" RCHTX 14C Tall Oil Alkyd - Urea 14D Tall Oil Alkyd - Urea 14S Tall Oil Alkyd - Urea Pigmentation: 100$ "TITASOr HAKC 14F Tall Oil Altyd - Urea Whltea 13$ 20$ 15$ 20$ _ 25$ 24$ 30$ 30$ 30$ 25$ 17A polyurethane - Amine Catalysed 17B Polyurethane - Amine Catalysed 17C Polyurethane - One Package 17D Polyurethane - One Package 178 Polyurethane - Polyester Catalysed 17P Bakmd Alkyd Urea 15$ 20$ 15$ 20$ 13$ 20$ Comments Lost gloae, faded, Lost gloss, faded. Lost gloss, faded Slight fade. Slight fade. Very alight fade. Faded Yellow Slightly yellow. Slightly yellow. Whiter Yellow Whiter 0007-SWP-046036 0007-SWP-000115409 -25- Natlonal Lead Company, Sayville, Long Island, New York Again time available permitted only a few minutes' con versation and inspection of only a few panels put out by National Lead. These involved their "Defense in Depth" systems of metal protective paints employing M-50, their basic silico lead chromate. Special attention was paid to the specification systems used by various states for painting structural metal, including systems from Connecticut, Maryland, Texas, etc., which normally employ red lead. National ia using a very large and massive plate to which an I-beam is welded, plus some rivets. The tests are now 2-1/2 years old. In some instances the shop prime coat was applied and weathered for 11 months, then spot primed and the topcoat applied. In every case the original specification system using red lead as the primer is Inferior to the "Defense in Depth" approach where some M-50 is used in all coats. MVL:AR M. VAN LOO Director of Paint Research 0007-SWP-046037 0007-SWP-0001