Document 7OpvYrE5qzzZOp6mdvLyvY0wg
Technical Service Report by
M. L. Arnold
PLAINTIFFS
( EXHIBIT
UC-508
/-
SEVERAL COMPARISONS OP FLEXBOND 315 AND UCAR 360 LATEXES
for
Fiberboard Paper Products Corp. San Francisco, California
t
Jennat Corporation A Subsidiary of Union Carbide Corporation
Gardena, California July 17, 1967
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SEVERAL COMPARISONS OF FLEXBOND 316 AND UCAR 360 LATEXES
INTRODUCTION
ft
4 Over the past two years several latex evaluations comparing
Ucar 360 and Airco*s .F^xbond 316 have been made by the Tarrytown 'rc ' "
and Jennat laboratories. This report covers three of these
2s! investigations. In one examination (Evaluation I) the Ucar 360 was "plugged in"
the Airco*s recommendedHigh Hiding interior formulation for
Flexbond 315. A direct comparison was made between these two
:ia! latices. In another evaluation (Evaluation II) Ucar 360 was compared to
an East Coast manufactured commercial paint based on Flexbond 315.
In thiB specific examination the Ucar 360 was checked in the
pigment grind of the commercial paint and in Union Carbide's
Formulation 1-1212 (55PVC; *1.26/gal. RMC).
In Evaluation III, Flexbond 315 and Ucar 360 resins were
examined in Formulation 1-1210 (53PVC; Si.16 gai. RMC). This time
a commercial paint of West Coast origin based on 316 latex was used
4 as a control. ``s
SUMMARY
Evaluation I
Ucar 360 proved to be superior to Flexbond 315 in scrub resistance and marginally better in leveling. The Airco resin
4
showed specific advantages in color development and touch-up properties
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!
Page Two
Evaluation II When Ucar 360 latex was compared to FI exbond 3'5 m the
manufacturer's pigment grind, both systems were essentially equal.
However, when the commercial paint based on 315 was compared to a
Ucar 360 paint formulation of approximately the same raw material
cost, the 360 latex easily..ouiscrubbed the control paint and was
considered better in sUchfim^ortant properties as wet crocking, reflectance, and leveli|i|ife^'
Evaluation III "/
'
In this evaluation, again Ucar 360 excelled in scrub
resistance when likened to the Flexbond 315 paints. One other
significant feature of Ucar 360 was demonstrated on this examination.
In areas of heavy paint "build-up" caused by perhaps an over loaded
brush, the Ucar 360 paint resisted cracking whereas both paint
systems employing 315 showed severe cracking and checking.
In considering all the test data, it is clear.y established
that Ucar 360 is a most versatile and top-rated vehicle. Ucar 360 latex offers several distinct advantages, particularly m scrub
resistance when compared -to Flexbond 315.
DISCUSSIOE In the three evaluations, the testing and panel preparation,
for the most part, followed the established procedures of the Tarrytown and Jennat laboratories.
The can property tests such a3 viscosity, freeze-thaw, heat stability, and the film properties which include hiding, reflectance, scrub and stain removal were run on the untinted paints.
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Ail of the appliesti on properti es and r: number oi the . .m
property were tested on I'x ?" 'Jpson board r an* r.
boards are completely coated by roller
a tinted paint. `-iter
drying for several hours another roller coat is aop-.ed to the
upper half of the panel only. Again, after several more heirs, the
edges of the panel are brush coated. During the panel preparation
the paints are judged for foaming, cratering, and brushabi 1: t.y.
After 24 hours the panels are examined for color and sheen uniformity,
lapping, framing, ghosting, and leveling. The panels ar* then
tested for burnishing, wet crocking, water staining, and touch up.
The burnishing test is performed by :irmly rubbing severs.
folds of cheesecloth across the paint for twenty-fi strenes. A
stroke consists of one back and forth motion. This teat was done on
the upper left hand corner of tne panels. immediately he.ow me
burnished area the results of the wet crocking test appear. The test
is identical to the burnishing test except the cr.e-esec lo th . s wet.
Water staining is simply tested by squirting severs, drops cl water
on the panel and after drying, examined for s
r.r and or spotting.
This test is usually performed near tr,n .ower end ol the pane:.
Paint is brushed on a section in tne upper r.aif oi tne pane: and
rated twenty-four hours late? for tcuco-up qualities.
In addition to rating leveling by the orusnouts or. '.`pson
boards, this characteristic was, :n some cases, cr.ecked by using
the New York Production Club leva, mg t .ade. Scrub tests were rur, using a Gunner i"*. ra rh t line v/e
er
equipped with a one-pound brush. Pa : n t? ware , ?>r . . <.i to *... panels with a six mil wet film drawdown biv-ioe and iried e. mm
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temperature normally for seven csy n
./? per rent Lava soap slurry.
Stain removal tests were run on t.-.e ram-
~
cam is were air dried, also for seven a ay 3 b-.ure . >-= 1. re .
was used rather than a brush and Lava soap was rur-b*'d -n
every pO cycles. The teat is terminated at tr.e end 0:
Evaluation I Airco's high.iiii'ding.iantenor white paint w.-> s inn ~ .n5 *
formulation chosen for..this evaluation. A pigment gr 1 r.
and split in half. One portion was let down with - : e xt
other half with Ucar 360 latex. Table I snows tne
'.' ti
formulation.
In this evaluation, Flexbond h demonstrated c-! :
development and touch-up properties tnan the "-it
Ucar 360 was clearly superior to tr.e
.a t V
3- :"ir
resistanc exhibiting only ?'J$> wear
.-t
sn;
wear for 315. A photograph snow: ng t- e scr.:
..SI'1
with this report (Appendix l].
t
The Ucar 360 coating a.sc mu
. f .t
-> 1. : ;
at best in leveling.
All other properties tested r.hr* -i t r. two :;.v t f* " .:
Table II for test results.
Evaluation II
In this particular invest patter.. * comm err t a: . paint of East Coast origin and eased on r : ext or.-: : w m the control. The paint raar.ufncturer *-jpp. . eo --
the pigment grind to the Tarry tows. .--.born tcry -ins. ;ro,'. t
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on the quantity of Ucar 360 latex reouired ;n the ".ei dowr." n t t r.o.
The actual composition of the control paint i s .inknown. 1 . -.'<h
m this comparison segment was a Dear j<>0 standard test hermo 1 a;; on
1-1212 (55PVC; $1. 6 EMC). The 1-1212 formulation (see Tafc.e Til) a
is in the
___e-raw material cost range of the control saint.
- ' ;
The;>.Iri2i2;was a significantly better paint than
the East>( Coast
.T-tcf-.X'-.s
es9 of the latex used. In sues
propertiesisLS- wet ci--
e and reflectance, the 1-1212 was
--'i
'xv'
::--sigat^can41x-^etdsifcViiCTf^t^u`6 resistance, the 1-1212 was outstand '-XXfvpi 2^;
- inglyhijetter. 0riiyilf3^2^P'.did the test formulation show a
; :deficisiicy;'wheh comg.arsd^c^|the commercial paint systems.. However, .'1 !; ' /f:'
!'; -if the^I-1212^was^J^hg,a.e^pqff,, to the reflectance of the control
'h li
would at the very least be
h` JTable JV ^presents the test data on this phase of work.
ere eV
tal lat^ex paint (RMC Ji.l9'gai.) f^eiBtfCbast using 315 as the vehicle acted as
,V.'> I's-'JT^^estf. ifo^^ation^employing either latex showed signi: ; hhlV.V-1:.-1' ..i ' - V" ' ' " ' '
i -^P^ysm^^l^^scni-bTiuUl -water- resistance at a slightly lower HXC
when lak^edv^tohth* Ohhtrol paint.
improvement in scrub resistance was noted m the
Ucar 360^^e^ paiiit2\%P/day air dry, 51 lava). After 1,000 scrubs
the Ucar 360 showed only .5 percent wear with no break m film
continuity whereas- tlie^control paint exhibited initial wear at }i-0
1(
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: age
X/
/
'Vi
cycles and at 650 total cycles showed 75 percent wear. In T.he
test paint based on Flexbona 315, i:rst wear was observed at i.-.O
cycles and at 900 cycles 40 percent of the film had eroded.
An interesting result was obtained for a special leveling test.
In this specific method for measuring leveling, a piece of pipe
(open on both endsr) 3/4 inch diameter and 1 i '2 inch height is
placed in the center of a glass plate. The pipe is filled to the
top with paint and carefully lifted from the glass surface. The
diameter of the paint puddle formed is an indication of flow or
leveling. The larger the diameter, the better the flow. This test
was done at both room fsmperature and 36 F. No difference in this
property was seen between the three paint systems. Howe"--, or,
drying for several days all samples based on PI exbond <.h showed
heavy checking and cracking. This cracking phenomenon whs not seen
in the Ucar 360 paints. This behavior is trought to be indicative
of a heavy paint build up or. say a wail corner nr perhaps : 'om
paint drippings. A photograph showing tr.e results of this test is
found on Appendix IT.
Iii general, most of the other ore pert. os examine} :n
Evaluation III were for the most part considered eo-ai . Table
presents the test data.
On an overall basts, Ucar 3` nas demonstrated . tsr . to be
a versatile and top--quality vehicle and more thar. an aiecuate
replacement for Flexbond 315.
Pertinent exhibits regarding these evaluations bcco*:"-' report.
-.y.
fmt) o i
TABLE AIRCO'S HIGH-HIDING INTERIOR WHITE FORMULATION
Ingredients
Cellosize QP-4400 (3^ solution) Potassium tripolyphosphate R & R 551 Igepal CO-630 Nopco NDW Ethylene Glycol Titanox RA-46 Zeolex 10 Al-Sil-Ate W Gold Bond R Silica Phenylaercuric acetate (18?& mercury) Water Nopco NDW Butyl Carbitol acetate Cellosize QP-4400 (3 solution) FLEXBOND 315
Pounds
100 2 b
3
2 2b 230 33 L50 bC
0.<
1 y no 260
Yield Solids PVC Raw Material Cost
/
Paint Properties
100 gallons
52.6*
55.4* Si.37 per ga.ion
A 2 3 00 2
TABLE
EVALUATION I TEST DATA -y/.:'
UCAR 360 vs Elexbond 315 (In Airco's Formulation)
Initial Vise. KU 10 Days at 140F Reflectance, ^ Contrast Ratio Leveling (N.Y.P.C.) Enamel Holdout Color Development Wet Crock Touch-up Burnishing
Flexbond 315 92 92 92.0 .975 5 Pass
UCAR jt.'O 91 93 92.0 97 9
Scrub Resistance
One Day fear Cycles to First Wear Total Cycles (96 Wear)
One Week Wear Cycles to First Wear Total Cycles (ft Wear)
1115 1,400 (20 '
930 1,400 (60)
i.20 1,( 00 (10)
i ,020 1,400 (20)
Stain Removal PVC, * Total Solids, i RMC/Gal. (Approx.)
55.4
SI. 32
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- Means average or equivalent. + Means slightly better than counterpar
TABLE III 1-1212
INTERIOR FLAT WALL PAINT Test Formulation
Ingredients
Water CELLOSIZE QP-15,000 Tamol 731 TERGITOL NPX Ethylene Glycol Butoxyethoxy Propanol Colloids 581-B Phenyl Mercuric Acetate Ti-Pure 901 Camelcarb Al-Sil-Ate W Desertalc 55 UCAR 360 (55 N.V.)
Pounds
400.0 5.0 6.0 3.0
15.0 12.0
4.0 0. v 250.0 s 7 5.0 7-0.0 2*bC.!
!
Gallons
47.9 0.4 0.7 0.3 ; .6
-L m
0.5 --
*7
&
35 ; .i
.9
} 0( . 0
PVC Total Solids Weight/gal. RMC
- 55* --- 54< - '? pounds - $1.26ga.
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TABLE IV TEST DATA .- EVALUATION II
Viscosity, K.U. Initial 7 Days at 140 F.
Freeze-Thaw, cycles Leveling Color Acceptance Wet Crock Resistance 24-Hour Touch-Up Reflectance, $ Contrast Ratio Scrub Resistance
1 Day Dry
Commercial Paint PIexbond 315
86 95 5+ poor OK fair good 87.0 .99?
500
Commercial Paint Ucar $60
u. 4i S+ poor i^ fa: r
in r
V. *'
1-1212 'Jcar 3f'0
94 --
<.*0 0 0 OK good good 54.0
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TABLE . V EVALUATION III
1-1210 IHTERIOB FLATWALL PAINT
Iagradiaats
Vatar I1 731
ispp
TZRGITOL XPZ Oolloids 581-B Bthylene Glyool Butyl OAHBITOL Acetate Qi 30 Ii-pPra 1-901 Gold Bond B Silica Al-Sll-Ate V Viorcn 15-15 OSLLOSIZS OP-15,000 OCAB 360 (5516 I.V.)
Pounds
421.0 5.0 2.0 1.0 6.0
20.0 15.0
0.5 200.0
50.0 100.0
75.0 5.5
250.0
1151.1
Gallons
50.5 0.6
0.1 0.8 2.2 1.8
5.7 2.3 4.5 3.3 0.4 27.8
100.0
PVC = 5316 Total Solids - 499I RMC = 11.16/gal.
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TABLE VI TEST DATA - EVALUATION III
Test
Control
I -1210 UCAR 360 Flexbond 315
Viscosity (KU)
Odor
Freeze-Thaw (5 cycles)
Foaming
Brushability
Lapping
Framing
Sheen Uniformity
Burnishing
Wet Crocking
Water Staining
Color Uniformity
Color Acceptance
Color Development
Touch-up
Enamel Holdout Room Temperature 38 F.
Reflectance (percent)
Contrast Ratio
Stain Removal* Lanolin Wax crayon #2 pencil Ball point pen Lipstick Total eyoles
Scrub (6 Mils wet) 5 percent Lava (10 days air dry) Cycles to initial wear Total cycles Erosion, percent
90 Moderate Passed Slight Good OK None Good Fair Poor Poor Good Good Excellent Good
Good Good
89.0 .949
100 Slight
50 250 Trace 300
350 650 75
96 Moderate Passed Slight Good OK None Good Fair Fair Good Good Good Good Good
95 Moderate Passed Slight Good OK None Good Fair Fair Good Good Good Good Good
Good Good
92.0
.973
Good Good
91.5
.967
100 Moderate
50 Trace Moderate
300
100 Mod.-Heavy
60 Trace Light
300
None 1000 5
650 900 40
* This is reported in either the number of cycles required to vV. - remove the stain or the condition of the stain not removed.
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a!-:>; :
SrruV' Vine . f
\ c r.r"- pr.s
(Evaluation I)
i
f
i j
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APPENDIX I1
EVALUATION ;II I
G.. ** > *
pv* >5nf ***
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5TKIBUTI0N
Y. W. Pitzpa r.r Mr. D. Kelly Mr. N. Lasher Dr. T. Mahoney yr. W. McLean Mr. M. Robinson ])r. R. Stickle
,
A 2-3 0 1 C