Document 7OY7GdoGBOvpVbdYD4Xam97Dg

Paint Research Decanibar, 1954 >97 - 5WP A p^r1 * of 1114 Tale from Whittaker Cleric and Daniels vas compared with 6232 dry NyWl 500 in SUP Gloss White ft* 471. The 1114 Tale and Nytal 300 evaluated in SWP Gloss White compared as follows for oil absorption and fineness: Oil Absorption Residue 525 Hash Screen Nytal 300 32.5 .OS;'. 1114 Tale 34.5 .86; SWP Gloss White made with the Whittaker Clark and Daniels inert is somewhat higher in viscosity, lower in gloss characteristics and slightly shorter in flow properties then regular SUP made with Nytal 300. Paint 785 S Inert 6252 Dry VlBcosltv -:'5 Cu p Fresh 24 Hr. 25.4" 56" Grind 2-1/2 Brush 9 Elan 9 GIc bb 9 784 S 1114 Talc 28.3" Rating: 10 - Perfect 47" 2-3/4 8 8 0 - Completely unsatisfactory. 7 Slightly finer texture and slightly lower consistency char acteristics are deBlred in' the ylll4 Talc from Whittaker Clark and Daniels. Exposures 20589-20604 F, C were examined during the month. The purpose of the series was to compare Keo Tinting Colors with regular oil colors, the interest being both in tint retention and durability. Rx 473 SV? Tinting White is used as the base paint, with 4 ounces of Kem Tinting Color added per gallon, and the comparison paints being shaded to an approximate match with oil colors. All tests are on cedar bevel siding, primed with white Rx 450 SW? Undercoater. The left half of Bach panel is the oil color sample, the right half Kern Tint. The exposures have run six months at Florida vertical south and at Chicago north end south. All panels look generally good, except for dirt and mildew at Florida. There are no appreciable differences between the two halves in gloss, sheen, chalk (very slight; or dirt, and no film failure. Fading is relatively slight on all, and the differences, if any, are as follows: O0O7-SWP-O44140 #97 - Cent. Color Red Orange Ochre Zellow Green Blue Brown Black Paint Research December, 1954 -6- Sane Kern t . si. nore fade Sane Sane Kem.r. si. more fade Kern t . si. more fade Sana Same Chicaeo Kem v. al. more fade. Kem v. si. more fade. Sane Kem v. si. more fade. Kem v. si. more fade. Kem si. more; yellow tends to "go out." Kem . si. more fade. Kem v. si. more fade. 0007-SWP-044141 0007-SWP-000113511 Paint Research November, 1954 -Z~ #97 - SWP Exposure series 21673-95 CS and F have been prepared to evaluate experimental Kem Tinting Colors. These exposures have been made in the SWP Tinting White formula and in the experimental low pigment volume Intermix White formula. The Kem Tinting Colors were Introduced at one and four ounces of color per gallon of white. Comparative tint depths have been prepared by intermixing SWP Winthrop Red with the Tinting White and the Intermix White formula to be used as controls. Names have not been assigned to the new Kem Tinting Colors so they are identified by the prime pigments which they contain, namely: Thio Fast Red, Indo Red, Molybdate Orange and Aqua, a blend of four parts Phthalo Blue with one part Phthalo Green. A house test was finished during the week of November 7 - 13 at 2233 Marston Avenue, Flossmoor, Illinois; E. W. Russell, owner. This wort: was done by a professional painter, and considerable time was lost due to his not being available when the weather was suitable. However, the job was finished in excellent weather, which was of major importance because the pur pose of this job was to correct a generally bad case of peeling due to mois ture. We took no responsibility, but did offer advice from the start. The owner had considerable repair work done and paid tbs painter for extra work In scraping, caulking, etc. Almost the entire house was primed with Rx 450 SUP Undereoater (after spot-priming) and finished with Rx 471 SWP Gloss White, both new formula. A small area at the back was done with the old formulas. We do not have the spreading rate figures as yet. Exposures 18785-6 F, C were examined after 12 months' exposure at Florida, vertical south, and at Chicago, north and south. All are cedar bevel siding primed with Rx 450 Undereoater of suitable shade. The purpose of the aeries is to try to eliminate the microscopic checking usually en countered with SWP light tints on Florida exposure. Rx 471 SWP Gloss White, in which mica has been shown to be effective in reducing checking, is tested as regular and with 7% mica. Rx 474 SWP Chelsea Gray and Rx 478 SWP Geneva Cream are tasted similarly, all three control formulas being the most recent cards. The Chicago results show no failure and no differences due to mica. The Florida panels show a small amount of microscopic checking on the regular tints, as was expected, but it is rather disappointing to note that the mica samples showed almost exactly the same amount. We are not interpreting this too seriously at the present exposure time, hit we will be interested in whether or not the apparent ineffectiveness of mica in tints persists through another year or more. 0007-SWF-044142 Paint Research November, 1954 #97 - Cont Exposures 18982-98 C, F were examined after 12 months at Florida vertical south and the same at Chicago. Four zinc oxides were compared in (a) Rx 471 SVP Close Vhite (lead-containing, with co-fumed leaded zinc in the guide), a mechanical-mix version and (b) in Rx 456 SVP Fume Resisting Vhite (lead-less). The four zinc oxides are: New Jersey Zinc Company's XX-592 and XX-50, and St. Joseph Lead Company's Green Label #17 and #42. Regular cedar bevel siding panels were used, divided into thirds in such a way that: a. The left l/3 is the Rx 471 guide, over Rx 450 Undercoater. b. The center 1/5 is the test paint " * " " c. The right 1/3 is the test paint self-primed. The panels have been exposed 12 months at Florida, vertical south, and the seise at Chicago. The Chicago panels showed essentially no differences, and none at all due to the different oxides. There were sene possibly sig nificant, but not conclusive, differences on the Florida panels. In the Rx 436 type formula (which shows more free chalking and better general clean-up), the St. Joseph camples show soma microscopic checking. XX-592 shows the most erosion, particularly noticeable in Rx 456. In general, XX-50 looks best in all respects, by a slight margin, ill tests show more mildew than the guides, but this is much more noticeable in the lead-containing formulas. A progress report on the subject, "Flatting of Exterior Paints Due to Vater Sensitivity During Drying," is attached to this monthly report. 0007-SWP-044143 Paint Research November, 1954 -3- #97 - SVP Exposure series 21675-93 CS and F have been prepared to evaluate experimental Kern Tinting Colors. These exposures have been made in the SVP Tinting Vhite formula and in the experimental low pigment volume Intermix Vhite formula. The Kern Tinting Colors were introduced at one and four ounces of color per gallon of white. Comparative tint depths have been prepared by intermixing SVP Vinthrop Red with the Tinting Vhite and the Intermix Vhite formula to be used as controls. Names have not been assigned to the new Kern Tinting Colors so they are identified by the prime pigments which they contain, namely: Thio Fast Red, Indo Red, Molybdate Orange and Aqua, a blend of four parts Phthalo Blue with one part Fhthalo Green. A house test was finished during the week of November 7-13 at 2233 Marston Avenue, Flossmoor, Illinois; E. V. Russell, owner. This work was done by a professional painter, and considerable time was lost due to his not being available when the weather was suitable. However, the job was finished in excellent weather, which was of major importance because the pur pose of this job was to correct a generally bad case of peeling due to mois ture. Ve took no responsibility, but did offer advice from the start. The owner bad considerable repair work done and paid the painter for extra work in scraping, caulking, etc. Almost the entire house waB primed with Rx 450 SVP Ondercoater (after spot-priming) and finished with ftx 471 SVP Gloss Vhite, both new formula. A small area at the back was done with the old formulas. Ve do not have the spreading rate figures as yet. Exposures 18783-0 F, C were examined after 12 months' exposure at Florida, vertical south, and at Chicago, north and south. All are cedar bevel siding primed with Rx 450 Ondercoater of suitable shade. The purpose of the series is to try to eliminate the microscopic checking usually en countered with SVP light tints on Florida exposure. Rx 471 SVP Gloss Vhite, in which mica has been shown to be effective in reducing checking, is tested as regular and with 7% mica. Rx 474 SVP Chelsea Gray and Rx 478 SVP Geneva Cream are tasted similarly, all three control formulae being the most recent cards. The Chicago results show no failure and no differences due to mica. The Florida panels show a sawn amount of microscopic checking on the regular tints, as was expected, but it is rather disappointing to note that the mica samples showed almost exactly the same amount. We are not interpreting this too seriously at the present exposure time, but we will be interested in whether or not the apparent ineffectiveness of mica in tints persists through another year* or more. 0007-SWP-044144 0007-SWP-000113514 Paint Research November, 1954 #97 - Cont. Exposures 18982-98 C, F were examined after 12 months at Florida vertical south and the same at Chicago. Four zinc oxides were compared in (a) Rx 471 SWP Gloss White (lead-containing, with co-fumed leaded zinc in the guide), a mechanical-mix version and (b) in Rx 4S6 SWP Fume Resisting White (lead-lass). The four zinc oxides ares New Jersey Zinc Company's XX-592 and XX-50, and St. Joseph Lead Company's Green Label #17 and #42. Regular cedar bevel siding panels were used, divided into thirds in such a way that; a. The left 1/5 is the Rx 471 guide, over Rx 450 Undercoater. b. The center l/5 is the test paint * " " * c. The right 1/3 1b the test paint seif-primed. The panels have been exposed 12 months at Florida, vertical south, and the same at Chicago. The Chicago panels shewed essentially no differences, and none at n due to the different oxides. There were some possibly sig nificant, but not conclusive, differences on the Florida panels. In the Rx 436 type formula (which shews more free chalking and better general clean-up), the St, Joseph samples show some microscopic checking. XX-592 shows the most erosion, particularly noticeable in Rx 436. In general, XX-50 looks best in all respects, by a slight margin. All tests show more mildew than the guides, but this is much more noticeable in the lead-containing formulas. A progress report on the subject, "Flatting of Exterior Paints Due to Water Sensitivity During Drying," is attached to this monthly report. 0007-SWP-044145 0007-SWP-000113515 Paint Research October, 1954 -5- #97 - SWP Several production batches of Rx 471 SUP Gloss White and tints vers rechecked for viscosity after several weeks' storage. The first three batches of SWP Gloss White listed below and the SWP Berkeley fellow Rx 459 - C 258*1 were reported in the September report as being somewhat high in consistency. However, a recheck cm these batches 30 days later indicated slightly lower consistencies and satisfactory brushing properties. In general the viscosi ties appeared to be quite stable on tbe SWP production made daring Septsober and October. Test data are listed in the following table. Rax Mo. Date Gallons A, Wt. Viscosity_______________ Fresh 9-28 10-22 471 C 2464 A 2000 15.75 32" 40 37.6" * C 2514 R 13.70 34 59 36 r C 2574 R C 2794 R R 15.98 54 44 40.8 13.80 33 - 43.4 n C 2784 R 13.65 29 - 34.6 n C 2754 R 13.72 33 - 38.2 478 C 2504 800 13.80 33 - 33.2 496 C 2644 900 14.15 32 - 30.4 458 C 2584 900 14.20 29 - 35.5 459 C 2584 900 13.96 31 44 37.8 465 C 2574 900 14.00 29 - 32.2 474 C 2644 900 14.15 34 - 34.8 The Vegetable Products Research Laboratory baa submitted a sample of non-staining, air-bleached, extracted raw linseed oil MB 9065 to be com pared with (1521) raw linseed as an improvement for color, wetting, flow and gloss in SWP. Properties of this oil are ae follows: Color (Gardner, 1933) Acid number Viscosity (Gardner-Holdt) Specific Gravity at 77 T. 9 + (non-staining) 2.1 5 0.938 The sample of MB-9065 was evaluated for color, wetting, brushing, flow and gloae in SWP Gloss White. The paint made with MB 9065 was slightly higher In Initial viscosity, equivalent in brushing and flow and appeared to be slightly vhiter in the can than the regular SWP made with (1521). How ever, when the paints were brushed out, the paint made with regular (1521) bleached out to an equivalent brightness in a matter of one or two ^hours, depending on the available light. There is some question as to the value of this improvement in color. It is suggested that sufficient oil be processed to make a plant batch of SWP at Chicago or Cleveland. 0007-SWP-044146 0007-SWP-000113516 Paint Research October, 1954 -6- #97 - Coat. The Vegetable Products Research Laboratory has also submitted a sample of (25 A 25) Lot No. 278S, vacuum-bodied, alkali refined linseed oil made by the acid recycling process. In the Dehydrol stills of the Cleveland Oil Mill. This was made in a manner similar to that employed in the lab oratory in the preparation of MB 9273. Properties of this oil are as follows: Acid Number Color (Gardner, 1935) Viscosity (G-H) Appearance 2.2 5+ 29-1/6 sec. Clear The (25 A 23) and MB 9275 were compared with (25 A 22) in SVF Gloss White Rx 471, Card 80 for performance characteristics. The plant batch of (25 A 23) appeared to be equivalent to MB 9273 and similar in .performance to the regular (25 A 22). Further performance cheeks will be made on the SVP being made at Newark and Gibbeboro from the 4000 gallons of (25 A 23) shipped to these points on 10^6-54. Two of the six remaining house tests were not quite finished in October. Both are primed with Rx 450 Undercoater and may have to go through the winter without a finish coat, since the weather recently has been too cold for painting. The house teBts completed in October using the two coat SUP system are: J. Musil, 12077 Princeton Avenue, Chicago, a repaint test with Rx 450-ftc 471 SUP Gloss White over a previous Job of light gray paint on a relatively old bungalow. The owner, who did the painting, noticed considerable improvement In brushing and coverage of the new Rx 450, and some improvement in the case of Rx 471. The finished job shoved no differences in gloss or appear ance at about one week. The spreading rates, only moderately accurate, are: New Rx 450, most of house - 444 sq.ft./gal. * ' ,part of south - 470 * * Old Rx 450, * " - 460 " " Old Rx 471, 0 " " - 510 " New 535 " * " n ,most of house - 505 * * J. Barclay, 11245 Normal Avenue, Chicago, a rather old bungalow, narrow siding. The test covers Rx 450-Rx 471 with a small area using the old formula of each and the bulk of the house the new formula. The owner was very much impressed by the better brushing of the new Rx 450, and also felt that the new Rx 471 was an appreciable improvement. Both parts looked equally good after drying. The spreading rates, not particularly accurate in this case, are: 0007-SWP-044147 0007-SWP-000113517 Paint Research October, 1954 -7- #97 - Cent. Part of south side, old Bx 450 n " ", old Rx 471 r " ", new Bx 450 it * ", new Rx 471 Overall use of Bx 450, new 475 545 sqR.ft./gaR l. 455 * R 570 R 455 R R A blister fence is being assembled at the Chicago O.S. 50 Test Station. ThiB will accommodate standard 56" x 6" bevel siding panels and will face east and west to use both faces to greatest advantage. 0007-SWP-044148 Paint Research September, 1954 #97 - SWP The Chicago factory has manufactured SWP Gloss White and the light tints on the new formulationa, based on 68 C 6 dry leaded zinc for the past several weeks* The new production is satisfactory, with slightly better flow and gloss than the formulation containing 6840 dry and 6822 dry as the leaded zinc* However, the SWP Gloss White has a tendency to be slightly on the low side for viscosity. Therefore, we have found it necessary to replace 50 pounds of 62S2 dry Nytal 500 with 50 pounds 6255 dry Micro Valva A to obtain the standard viscosity. The light tint formulations do not require any 6255 dry to increase viscos ity* Initial viscosities of tints are actually vary slightly high and 1/06 (145) mineral spirits has been added to some production batches. A few of the recent production hatches of SWP Gloss White and SWP tints are listed below showing passing weights, viscositisa and quantity of thinner added to or emitted from each production batch. ftx 471 SWP Gloss White - 2000 Gallon TUti-Vm. Cate Cap Passed Date Std. Batch Viscosity #5 Days After Wt. Vt. Fresh 9-22-54 Passing Additions Omissions 9-2-54 9-5-54 9-7-54 9-8-54 9-9-54 9-15-54 9-14-54 9-14-54 9-16-64 9-20-54 2454A 2464 2464A 2514 2514A 2524 2554 2574 2584A 2604 15.86 15.86 15.86 15.86 15.86 15.86 15.86 15.86 15.86 15.86 15.85 15.64 15.75 15.70 14.00 15,87 13.98 15.98 15.80 15.85 33 29 52 54 52 50 53 54 29 31 52-1/2 54 40 59 50 32 54-1/2 44 59 35 20 1 Gal. (3811) 20 Gal. (151) 19 20 " (151) 19 1 Gal. (58n) 20 (151) 14 20 (151) 14 20 " (151) 15 20 * (151) 16 20 * (151) 8 7 20 gal. (151) 5 20 * (151) SWP Tints - 900 Gallon Batches Date Cap Std. Batch Rx No. Passed Date Wt. . Wt. 453 9-1Q-54 2504 14.26 14.12 465 8-18-54 2254 14.21 14.51 474 9-15-54 2524 14.12 13.85 478 8-20-54 2504 14.15 14.01 459 9-17-54 2584 14.17 13.96 496 8-20-54 2304 14.13 14,20 Rx 458 - SWP Plymouth Green, Card 22 fix 485 -- SWP Colonial Tallow, Card 26 Rx 474 -- SWP Chelsea Gray, Card 26 Rx 478 -- SWP Geneva Cream, Card 23 Rx 459 - SWP Berkeley Tallow, Card 23 Rx 496 - SWP Ivory, Card 56 Viscosity #3 Presh 9-22-54 31 54 28 26 28 27 27 25 31 44 34 35 Days After Passing Additions 15 10 Gal. (145) 40 15 13 Gal. (145) 35 7 10 Gal. (145) 55 12 Gal. (15a) (38 I 1) Troykyd (151) High flash mineral spirits (145) Mineral spirits (1521) Raw linseed oil 0007-SWP"044149 0007-SWP-000113519 Paint Research September, 1954 -5#97 - Cant. The Vegetable Products Research Laboratory baa submitted several variations of (25 A 22) Vacuum bodied linseed oil for evaluation is SVP Puae Resisting White Rx 456o (25 A 22) Lot 2184 - Regular (25 A 22). MB 7179 - Base-oil as Lot 2184 treated vith l/2% fumaric acid. MB 7185 - Base oil as Lot 2184 treated with l/2t maleic anhydride. MB 9244 - Vacuum beat bodied and steam blown to approximately 10 seconds and then air blown to 28 seconds. MB 9261 - A partial ester produced by reacting pentaerythrltol and beta-carboxyanthroquinone. of this ester was blended with 93.4jf (1527) refined linseed oil, heated and blown with steam to 27-2/5 seconds. MB 9264 - (1527) vacuum bodied, acid refined and -- clay bleached linseed. MB 9268 - Vacuum bodied (1527) without additives ~ (same process as employed in the Dehydrol stills at the Cleveland Oil Mill.) MB 9275 - Steam stripped (1527) esterified with P.E. and heat bodied under vacuum to viscosity 29 seconds. Theae oils were tested in two SWP Fume Resisting White formulas, varying in the use of four gallons of (2539) in one group. They were com pared for brushing, flow, gloss, etc. All the paints were similar in flow but varied from fair to good in brushing qualities. MB 7179, MB 7186, MB 9244, and MB 9261 were all rated as inferior to (25 A 22) Lot 2184, MB 9268, MB 9275 and Chicago (25 A 22). 0007-SWP-044150 0007-SWP-000113520 '*& aggjPSK-.ar -t -^sv. ri Paint Research Septoabar, 1954 #97 - Coot. (25A22) Variation* in SUP Puna Resisting White Rx 456 Proposed Ponaula 07 605 9* Batch High (T. Wt. 15.40) Viscosity is Sbaar Oil Tested A . Weight Fraahi 24 Hr. 6 Days Polaas Brash 660 5 661 S 662 S 4 gal. (25A22) (Chicago) 4 gal. (25A22) (Lot 2184) 4 gal. KB 9*75 15.58 15.54 15.48 27.2* 28.4 28.2 54.8* 41.4 37.2 51.4* 52.4 52.6 2.5 2.5 2.4 8 8 9- 665 S 4 gal. KB 9244 15.52 29.8 59.6 55.8 2.6 8 668 S 4 gal. KB 7179 15.47 55.2 59.6 58 2.8 6 669 S 4 gal. 1C 7185 15.55 54.2 41.2 42 2.8 5 670 S 4 gal. KB 9261 15.50 54 59.8 44 2.9 7 671 S 4 gal. KB 9264 0 15.50 55.8 58.4 44 2.7' 8 672 S 4 gal. KB 9268 15.44 52 58.6 44 2.5 8 Soscial Rx 456 Perilation 07 645 3 664 S 665 S 666 S 8 gal. (2SA22) (Chicago). 8 gal. \ZBAZZ) (Lot 2184)8 gal. KB am 15.58 15.55 15.58 31.2 26 28 54 55 51.6 54 52 50 2.4 8 2.4 9 2,4' 9 667 S 673 S 8 gal. KB 9244 8 gal. KB 7179 15.58 15.41 54.2 29.8 40.6 - 58 55.8 2.8. 7 2.6 7 674 S 8 gal. KB 7185 15.46 29.5 - 54.2 5.1 6 675 S 8 gal. MB 9261 13.45 52.2 - 54.4 2.6 7 676 S 8 gal. MB 9264 0 15.55 50.4 - 53.8 - 2.6 B 677 S 8 gal. MB 92S 13.47 29.2 - 55.8 2.6 B *P oraiula contains 4 gallons (2559) Heat bodiad linseed oil doss 99 99 9a 9 9. 99 99 99 9 9. 9 9- 99 9 9. 99 99 99 99 99 98 99 0007-SWP-044151 0007-SWP-000113521 Paint Re8Bareh September, 1954 -7- #97 - Cant. The Vegetable Products Research Laboratory has submitted two raw linseed oils that were processed to Improve their color for test In SWP. MB 9010 - Extracted raw linseed oil bleached with 0.214< bensoy1 peroxide similar to (5091) as formerly produced at the Cleveland Oil Mill. Color (Gardner 1955) 9 Acid Value 2.4 Viscosity (G-H at 75 F.) 1-1/5 seconds MB 9015 A - Extracts! rav linssed oil bleached with sulfur dioxide gas. Color (Gardner 1955) 6+ Acid Humber 2.8 Viscosity (G-H at 77 F.) 1-2/5 seconds Paints vers made on the Ex 471 formulation using MB 9010, MB 9015 A and (1521) Rax linseed oil as the unbodied oil portion of the vehicle. The paints warm checked for brushing, floe, gloss and color characteristics. The SWP Gloss Whites mads vith these oils are similar in all characteristics. However, tbs color of tbs paint made with (1521) was slightly gray, due to iron contamination from the roller mill. Therefore, rub-ups were made on glass -to recheek the brightness of the above paints. This test Indicated no Improvement In color or brightness by tbs use of MB 9010 or MB 9015 A. A proposed reformulation of SWP Westchester Gray to utilise the new vehicles for easier brushing has been placed in the factory for pro duction test. If Initial production is satisfactory the formula will be sent to Cleveland for distribution. A total of 12 house tests were either finished in September or were well along toward completion when halted by recent rains. When final reports are completed, tbs total will be 21 for tbs season. There are 14 tests of Rx 450 SWP XJndercoater - Rx 471 SWF Gloss White, old formula versus new revi sion with Improved brushing, and 7 tests of the same change in Rx 476 SUP One Coat Whits, s o d s of which also involve comparisons with Rx 450-Rx 471. A house test was complsted In Tinley Park, Illinois; #. B. Bartellotta, owner. This houss Is a 2-story frame, first repainting since construc tion 5 yearn ago. The test involves the old-varsue-new Rx 450-Rx 471 compari son as indicated above. The painting was done by the owner, who reported considerably smoother brushing with the new materials, particularly Rx 450. The spreading rate calculations ares 0007--SWP"044152 0007-SWP-000113522 Paint Research September, 1954 #97 - Cont. Rx 450, south aid* only, new formula Rx 471, * Rx 450, part of east aide, old formula Rx 471, " Rx 450, entire new formula area Rx 471, * " * * 450 eq. ft./gal. 445 * 466 495 * 447 485 " " * A bouse test was completed at 12112 S. Edbrooka Avenue, Chicago; A. Sospixio, owner. This la a snail bungalow, quite old, which wets considered of Interest because of the plans of tbs owner to do a very thorough job of scraping and removing old paint, also caulicing and general renovation of the siding. This was done quite carefully and Rx 450 was applied as each part was completed, followed by Rx 471, mostly new formula (as above) tut with a Disable section using the old formulas. The owner wae quite pleased with the easy brushing of the new Rx 450 and with the good appearance of the two coats when finished. Only the overall spreading rates were readily calculable* Rx 450, essentially front 2/5, new formula Rx 471, . * * * Rx 450, * rear 1/5, old formula Rx 471, * e w 480 sq. ft.,/gal. 525 * 465 * 530 " 0007-SVJP-044153 0007-SWP-000113523 Paint Research Department December 14, 195J+ Flatting of Exterior Painte Due to Water Sensitivity During Drying To summarize our experience with premature and permanent lose of gloss, vs have observed that most air drying film formers are sensitive to vetting during their curing cycles* This sensitivity generally develops at or about the dry-to-touch stage. Its duration varies with the rate of cure and exposure conditions. It disappears before the film cures to a tack free condition. Films exposed to very fine particles of moisture during this critical period will cure to a substandard gloss because of permanent physical surface distortions. These may occur as wrinkles or In the form of texture resembling the agglomeration that occurs with s vehicle break. A specific paint composition will develop this sensitivity later and retain It longer when dried at low temperature than when dried under normal conditions. We have observed a situation where the low temperature retardant effect delayed the occurrence of sensitivity In an exterior house paint to the extent that an application at 4:00 FM withstood exposure to 43 F temperature and foggy atmosphere overnight, and then cured to standard gloss when drying conditions Improved on the following day. Oils same paint exhibited Its sensitivity to vetting during s critical drying period in our laboratory tests as well as in later exterior exposures when conditions were less fortunate than those described above. To study this area of sensitivity In paint films under laboratory conditions, we draw films down by means of suitable gauges on Norest hiding power charts. We cut these Into approximately 2-1/2" x 4" panels and air dry in 75 F - 50^ R.i. controlled atmosphere. Separate 2-1/2" x 4" areas are exposed to moisture by Inverting them, at different time Intervals during the drying cycle, over a rising mist developed by a moderate dis charge of ateaa agtlnst the bottom of a 5 gallon paint container. We have standardised on a 30 second exposure. Bach paint area is exposed only once, Bating it representative of the state of the original drawdown with respect to wetting at that particular point in its drying cycle. A single paint area can take repeated exposures without falling as long as exposures are made before sensitivity develops. We adopted this technique after observing instances of cratering in our paint films due to Impact by rela tively large particles of water in spray exposure. 0007-SWP-044154 0007-SWP-000113524 DEC 2 3 1954 2- - A short chill of panel and film can serve as a fogging tech nique . Pine droplets of water will precipitate on the cold film sur face upon exposure to noxnal room atmosphere. This technique has an objectionable feature. Has possibility exists of introducing varied distortions by chilling at different stages of cure. We know that a substantial temperature reduction will retard the drying activity of a paint. However, we do not know the extent of this retardant effect nor do we have information relative to pos sible variations of effect at different stages in the drying cycle. It zaay be significant that wetting by extremely fine droplets is most effective with respect to the distortion of gloss in laboratory tests. Exposed films always appear foggy pr hazy when wet, never uni formly wetted by a continuous film. This suggests that the films are mainly hydrophobic, yet possess hydrophilic points or microscopic aress on which water may collect as droplets. Films in their critical states might therefore take moderate immersion in water without being sensi tized if the surface tension of the water is sufficient to maintain film integrity in contact with the paint surface and bridge the sensi tive points. We have not checked this. We merely observe this as a possibility based on our evaluation of past studies. Ibe concept of hydrophobic areas interspersed with hydrophilic areas supplies a basis for a mechanism that might explain the flatting effects. Sensitivity to wetting develops about the time a film becomes dry to touch. Most of the solvent has evaporated at this point. Its pigaent content has assumed its characteristic packing. This will be a close packed arrangement that will produce shear and stress lines upon application of mechanical force. Ifce vehicle too has became concen trated. It has developed its characteristic gel structure and may respond to mechanical disturbances by showing strain and stress lines in areas -that are disturbed. When fine droplets of water precipitate on points of polarity in such a semi-rigid gel system, a portion of the water may be imbibed by the polar component in the polymerizing resin gel. A local swelling will develop with the result that a substantial local hydraulic pressure 1b built tip. when this pressure becomes greater than the films' inherent structural forces, it will overcome them by raising the swollen polar component above the normal film surface, nils will establish lines of stress and shear radially about and down into the film from the center of the polar mans. A film distortion by this mechanism win appear textured or agglomerated, as a very flat finish, and should be more permeable than its standard counterpart formed by a normal cure. 0007-SWP-044155 0007-SWP-000113525 This sane mechanism could produce a cratered distortion If the Imbibition of water by the polar mass occurred while the system possessed a degree of plasticity. The overall thickness of such a film would increase In proportion to the volute of swelling. With the setting of this film, craters could develop from shrinkage occurring with the dehydration of the swollen polar masses. This distortion should effect moderate sloes reduction and should leave the film with standard permeability. Should the forces set up by the shrinking areas become greater than the structural forces of the fibs proper, ruptures would occur, gloss would be much reduced, and permeability would be In creased above standard. This type of distortion would tend to establish, geometrical design. Previous studies of hazing oo cured films has shown very clear ly that the presence of water as such on the film surface le a prerequi site to haze formation. Aleo that significant amounts of free water may be deposited upon dry films under properly selected conditions from e water phase free atmosphere. In these studies, haze was precipitated on cured films by ex posing them to atmosphere fouled alternately at 15 alnuta Intervals with sulfur dioxide and amsonlua hydroxide vapor. Panels were mounted an a surface with Its temperature controlled to maintain a constant increment above the dev point of the exposure atmosphere throughout a 5 hour exposure period. It was clearly demonstrated that dry films do not accept the fouling agents. They retain their full gloss in spite of repeated ex posures. By reducing the film temperature to dev point differential progressively through a series of exposures, the conditions that will precipitate atmospheric vapor as water on the film surface are determined. Under these conditions, the fouling agents are absorbed by the water on the film surface where they combine to farm sirnsvlim sulfite end eventu ally amnntun sulfate which remains as a hazy residue. The cold wall technique establishes a local high relative humidity zone at the film air interface. Most films studied became vetteble by this technique at film temperature to dev point differentials of from 5 to 7 degrees Fahrenheit. The temperature of the exposure atmosphere Is Insignificant. T%e most haze resistant vehicle thus far studied Is our soya glycerol phtbalate alkyd (3962). Enamels prepared from It re sisted haze formation until their temperatures were reduced to within 2 degrees of the dew point. 0007-SWP-044 .1*. This demonstratea the existence of a vster vapor adsorption potential that varies In magnitude vlth respect to different cured films. It is also possible -mat this applies to curing films as well. It Is a convenient mechanism for explaining the flatting of paint films by vetting during the drying cycle under milder exposure coeditions than we normally associate with this effect. A practical experience with the flatting of gloss finishes under these conditions is a case In point. Paint and enamel films were applied to exterior surfaces at lower temperatures than we norm ally consider In line with good painting practice. Relative humidity conditions ranged from moderate to very high, hut precipitation did not occur. The first areas painted dried to full gloss, areas painted later dried flat and areas applied still later again developed full gloss. These are milder conditions than those of our previous refer ence to the fresh film that was exposed to cold foggy atmosphere over night, which then dried to full floss when conditions improved on the following day. In these, the first areas painted dried past their critical periods before conditions favorable to vetting had occurred. A subsequent area was In the dry-to-touch or water sensitive stage when the cooler night air reduced the film temperature and Its dif ferential vlth respect to the dev point of the atmosphere. This pre cipitated water on the drying film surface by the adsorption potential mechanism causing that area to dry flat. Areas of still later appli cation apparently experienced retarded drying activities because of early exposure to lover temperatures. This delayed the occurrence of their dry-to-touch or water sensitive period until the following day. At that time rising temperature increased the film temperature to a dev point differential sufficient to secure the film against vetting by the adsorption mechanism during its critical period. These areas dried to standard gloss. An examination of the conditions prevailing at the time of this erratic gloss behavior places them' In the range where precipitation of water occurred on dry films In our haze exposure cabinet. Date Per Cent Dew Temp. R.H. Point Differential October 25 4:00 PM October 26 4:00 AM October 30 Elgh October 30 Lew 52P 39F 55f 47F 55 44.5OP 89 37.25F 63 48.5F 90 45.5? 6.5F 1.75F 6.5f l.5P Ncv'emker 1 High November 1 Lew 55F 85 52.5F 49f 97 4B..5F 2.5F 0.5F 0007-SWP--04 4157 0007-SWP-000113527 5- - Dev point values were determined by reference to psychrometrlc chart*. The differentials between actual temperatures and dew points Indicate the possibility of wetting the curing paint films In the ab sence of rain or fog on October 25 , 26 and 30 and November 1. In general, ve have observed that all paints, enamels and lacquers are subject to loss of gloss by surface distortions through wetting during critical periods In their drying cycles. Ihe occur rence of sensitivity will advance and Its extent will diminish with acceleration of the drying rate of a film. Increased film thickness tends to retard the rate of drying and reverses drying acceleration effects. It also adds further complications by stimulating wrinkling effects. Flat films possess this sensitivity, but it Is difficult to observe because of the absence of change In gloss characteristics. CJC sis > 0007-SWP-044158 0007-SWP-000113528 Paint Research October, 1954 -5- #97 - SWP Several production batches of Rx 471 SWP Gloss White and tints were rechecked for viscosity after several weeks' storage. The first three batches of SWP Gloss White listed below and the SWP Berkeley fellow Rx 459 - C 2584 were reported in the September report as being somewhat high in consistency. However, a recheck on these batches 30 days later indicated slightly lower consistencies and satisfactory brushing properties. In general the viscosi ties appeared to be quite stable on the SWF production made during September and October. Test data are listed in the following table. Rex No. Date Gall one A. Wt. Viscosity Fresh 9-22 10-22 471 C 2464 A 2000 13.75 32" 40" 37.6* IV C 2514 II 15.70 34 39 36 t C 2574 It 13.98 34 44 40.8 C 2794 ft 13.80 35 - 43.4 It C 2784 1 C 2734 It 13.65 29 - 34.6 It 13.72 33 - 38.2 478 C 2504 300 13.80 33 - 33.2 496 C 2644 900 14.15 32 - 30.4 458 C 2564 900 14.20 29 - 33.5 459 C 2584 900 13.96 31 44 37.8 465 C 2574 900 14.00 29 32.2 474 C 2644 900 14.15 34 - 34.8 The Vegetable Products Research Laboratory has submitted a sample of non-staining, air-bleached, extracted raw linseed oil MB 9065 to be com pared with (1521) raw linseed as an improvement for color, wetting, flew and gloss in SWP. Properties of this oil are a9 follows! Color (Gardner, 1953) Acid number Viscosity (Gardner-Holdt) Specific Gravity at 77 F. 9 + (non-staining) 2.1 B 0.938 The sample of MB-9065 was evaluated for color, wetting, brushing, flow and gloss in SWP Gloss White. The paint made with ME 9065 was slightly hlgheT in initial viscosity, equivalent in brushing and flow and appeared to be slightly whiter in the can than the regular SWP made with (1521). How ever, when the paints were brushed out, the paint made with regular (1521) bleached out to an equivalent brightness in a matter of one or two hours, depending on the available light. There is some question as to the value of this improvement in color. It is suggested that sufficient oil be processed to make a plant batch of SWP at ChicaLgo or Cleveland. 0007-SWP-044159 0007-SWP-000113529 Paint Research October, 1954 -6- 197 - Cont. The Vegetable Products Research Laboratory has also submitted a sample of (25 A 23) Lot No. 2765, vacuum-bodied, alkali refined linseed oil made by the acid recycling process, in the Dehydrol stills of the Cleveland Oil Mill. This was made in a manner similar to that employed in the lab oratory in the preparation of MB 9273. Properties of this oil are as follows: Acid Number Color (Gardner, 1953) Viscosity (G-R) Appearance 2.2 5+ 29-1/5 sec. Clear The (25 A 23) and MB 9273 were compared with (25 A 22) in SVP Gloss White Rx 471, Card 80 for performance characteristics. The plant batch of (25 A 23) appeared to be equivalent to MB 9273 and similar in performance to the regular (25 A 22). Further performance checks will be made on the SVP being mads at Newark and Glbbsboro from the 4000 gallons of (25 A 23) shipped to these points on 10-5-54. Two of tbs six remaining house tests were not quits finished in October. Both are primed vlth Rx 450 Ondereoater and may have to go through the winter without a finish coat, sines the weather recently has been too cold for painting. The house testa completed in October using the two coat SWP system are: J. Musil, 12077 Princeton Avenue, Chicago, a repaint test with Rx 450-ffec 471 SWP Gloss White over a previous job of light gray paint on a relatively old bungalow. The owner, who did the painting, noticed considerable improvement in brushing and coverage of the new Rx 450, and some improvement in the case of Rx 471. The finished job showed no differences in gloss or appear ance at about one week. The spreading rates, only moderately accurate, are: Mew Rx 450, most of house - 444 sq.ft./gal. " " , part of south - 470 " * Old Rx 450, " " - 460 * Old Rx 471, ' ' ' -510 ' " New * , " " " - 555 " " " * * , most of house - 505 11 * J. Barclay, 11245 Normal Avenue, Chicago, a rather old bungalow, narrow siding. The test covers Rx 450-Rx 471 with a small area using the old formula of each end the bulk of the bouse the new formula. The owner was very much impressed by the better brushing of the new Rx 450, and also felt that the new Pa 471 was an appreciable improvement. Both parts looked equally good after drying. The spreading rates, not particularly accurate in this case, are: 0007-SWP-044160 0007-SWP-000113530 Faint Research October, 1964 -7- #97 - Coat. Part of south side, old Rx 450 R " ", old Rx 471 R " , new Rx 450 11 " " , new Rx 471 Overall use of Rx 450, new 475 545 sqn.fte/gnal 455 n r 570 fl 435 ft It A blister fence is being assembled at the Chicago U.S. 60 Test Station. This will accommodate standard 56" x 6" bevel siding panels and will face east and west to use both faces to greatest advantage. 0007--SWP--044161 0007-SWP-000113531 Faint Research August, 1954 -2- #97 - SVP Considerable tin* vaa devoted to ths reformulation of SUP Glosn Whit# and light tints. Proposed formulas for SUP Gloss Whit* - Rx 471, SUP Tinting Whit* - Bx 475 and fornmlas for th# six SUP light tints, Rexes 496, 478, 465 , 459, 458 and 474 were revised to use 18 M Leaded Zinc, 68 G 6 dry and formulas ver* sant to Cleveland for distribution. SUP Vsstahester Gray Bx 477 has bean revised to use 88 C 6 dry as the leaded sine vith the introduction of (27 A 7) and (27 C 7) in the vehicle to improve stability and package condition. SUP Westchester Gmy Bx 477 Proposed Formula - 0J 604 S Raw Material Cost Plasent Vehicle Tptal $69.71 *90.55 *160.04 SUP Westchester Gray Bx 477 Card 19 *67.55 *95.11 *162.66 Initial production will he nad* at Chicago and formulas will bo distributed ty Cleveland after the first production has bean checked for performance. SUP Fane Heslating Whit* vaa increased in hiding and ths vehicle was revised to uss part maleated oil (27 A 7) and vacuum bodied (25 A 22} as ths bodied oil portion of the formula. However, due to the low gloss obtained with th* above oils, it bscea* necessary to use some heat bodied linseed (2559} in this particular formulation. Due to th* lower gloss properties of (25 A 22) the Vegetable Products Research Laboratory has prepared several variations of (25 A 22) for our in spection. MB 7179 as (25 A 22) but 1/256 Fhmarlc Add MB 7186 " M3 9244 * " " 1/2J6 Maleic Add * (Vacua bodied to 10 seconds; (air blown to 28 seconds. The Vegetable Products Research Laboratory has also prepared a- benzoyl peroxide treated linseed oil MB 9010 similar to the old (5091) for evaluation in SUP, to determine if a less staining type of oil would meet our requirements for better color. These oils will be evaluated and reported in our next monthly report. 0007--SWP-044162 0007-SWP-000113532 #97 - Coat. Paint Research August, 1954 -5- Tha Chicago Varnlsh-Rasln Laboratory has prepared samples of malaatad llnsaad (27 C 0) and (27 A 7) fro* tha sana batch of bodied oil to determine If the thlnnar used, (5027)-(l51) in tha first Instance and (34B)-(145) In tha second, has any affact on tha final paint -viscosity, Tha two laboratory batches of SUP Gloss White aada with (27 C 8) and (27 A 7) Initially ware stallar In brushing, flow and oonsistancy char acteristics. (Actually on aging tha (27 C 8) batch dropped In -viscosity as of 9-13-54.) Rx 471 Paint Oil Under Teat VIscositar #5 Brashine flow fresh 5 Bars 17 Dors 611 S (27 C 8) Body 3 - 27.2" 50.2" 27.4* Good Good 612 S (27 A 7) Body S 28.2* 50.2* 29.8* Good Good Bouse tests scheduled for completion toward the and of August were not completed beesnso of the unusually rainy weather. A test on the boaan of Nr* E, Stanquirt, in a rural ana near South Holland, Illinois, was completed. Tha purpose vas a routine oompariaon of tha old formulas of Rx 450 SWP Onderooater and Rx 471 SUP do as White against tha revised formulas with improved brushing, with special Interest In spreading rates. Essentially all the painting was done by tha over, a moderately experienced amateur painter. The paint measurements were accurate Bough, but the house was rather diffi cult to measure up end calculate accurately. The resulting spreading rates an (sq* ft. per gallon)! Worth South East West Total Bx 450, old 465 465 Rx 450, new 460 470 457 465 Rx 471, old 520 520 Rx 471, new 555 550 522 . 529 0007-SWP--044163 Paint Research July, 1954 #97 - SVP Work bat continued an the reformulation of house paints to eliminate tba ragular haat bodied linaaad oils such aa (2539), (2536) and (510) ty a replacwmnt vlth (25 A 22) and (27 A 7). Tha Chicago Varnish Resin Laboratory has sutxitted a variation of tha vacuum bodied (25 A 22) ooded CT7 8816 and a linaaad alkyd (58 C 25) for inspection and tost. CTV 8816 Glycaryl-oaleate-linaaod vehicle. Body - 30 sac. A. V. - 6.2. Color - 7. Solids - 10056. (58 C 23) Linaeed-Glyeery 1-P.A.~alkyd varnish. Body - 26 sec. Sp. Gr. 1.022. A. V. - 6.2. Color - 11. Those oils vere coopered with (25 A 22) in the Fume Resisting White Rz 456 for goierol perfomaace but gave no lnprovaaant in gloss over (25 A 22). Panale 21080-21115 C, F ware prepared during tha month, all cedar bevel siding panela for exposure at Chicago north and south and Florida south only. All tha tests of Rx 471 SVP doss White are tasted over both the old and new formulas (vehicle change) of Rx 450 Underooater. Tha Rx 471 tests include: (a) regular stock batches of both old and new type formulas, ( b) tests of certain bodied linseed oils considered for possible use in the new vehicle, including 0S0-S 57, MB 5715 and MB 5724 in ooahinatlon with the (27 A 4) and (25 t 22) as currently used. Two tests each of Rz 465 Colonial fellow and Rz 474 Chelsea Gray, regular versus the KB 5724~(25 A 22) ooebtnation, are also involved in the series. Panels 21221-21279 C, F were prepared daring the aonth for exposure in Chicago and Florida. They cover Ran Tinting Color additions to various SWP tints and colors representing sixty one intermediate colors. Panels 21289-96 C, F were prepared dnrlng the aonth for exposure in Chicago and Florida, covering comparisons of Harahaw1 s Sun I allow Ti-Tlnt pig*ant 80 A 14, Hanea Xallow 12105 and chrome 12150 in SVP Tinting White and Intermix White. Continuing reports on house tests, as started in last month's report: (a) J. L. Patrick bouse, Chicago, repaint job on an old house recently modeled, siding painted only once previously. This owner complained of excessive chalking of the SVP used previously. Our. test, therefore, consisted of tws parts: (a) Rx 450 Undercoater old versus now type formula and (b) the 471 SWP Gloss White on a minor control area versus a Klrnd of 50/50 Rx 471/Rx 473 SWP Tinting White. In the Rx 450 com parison, the new formula spread at 432 square feet per gallon and the 0007-SWP-044164 0007-SWP-000113534 #97 - SWP Paint Research July, 1954 -5- old at 420. The finish coat special bland went on at 492 sq. ft. per gal. (this paint was 1005? new type vehicle); the regular Rx 471, which was of the old vehicle type and on an area rather difficult to measure, figured to very nearly the sane rate. This job was done by professional painters, and they comonted very favorably on the brush ing and hiding of both the new type formulas. (b) Frank Ward house, 228 Maple Lane, Thornton, 111. This is a relatively old house, 1-1/2 story, with siding in good condition. The work was done by the oner, who stated that he liked the working qualities and hiding of the new formulas considerably better than the old. Most of the house was done with Rx 450, C 1604 Hndercoater - Rx. 471, C 1114 SUP Gloaa White (new), and about half of one aide with Rx 450, C 1274 Rx 471, C 494 (old). Sane of the variation in spreading rates shown below say be due to inaccuracy of measurement, but the pattern seems to be of Interest: Bx 450 Rx 471 Horth, all new South, " * last, " " Vest, new Vest, old Total, new 466 sq. ft* per gal. 445 450 415 419 459 600 sq. ft. per gal. 578 520 II II 485 n 555 n 546 it (c) M. B. Budgell house, 18400 Riegel Road, Bamewod, Illinois. This house is about 4 years old, first repaint j ob, old finish in good condition except for dirt. The work was done by a painter who was formerly a professional for several years. He expressed a slight preference for the brushing of the new formula Rx 450 and somewhat more pr feraece for the new Rx 471. Most of the house was done with the new formulas, about 1/6 with the old. Spreading rates: Rx_450 Rx 471 North, all new South, * ii East, " p Vest, new Vest, old Total, new 423 sq. ft. per gal. 409 * 445 9 424 N 470 H 425 M 456 sq. ft. per gal. 436 It 485 n 467 it 498 t! 461 n 0007-SWP-044165 0007-SWP-000113535 #97 - Cont. Paint Research July, 1954 -6- (d) Mrs. E. Granath house, Steger, Illinois. This la a new house, strictly ractangular and vary - snail, with lov mils. Good quality redwood aiding ns naad and the painting ms finished within a weak after the siding ms put on. The work ms done by relatives, vho had had sons house painting experience. About one-half the house ms done with the old formulas of Rx 450-Rx 471 and one-half with the new. The finished job looked quite satisfactory, with the old system apparently slightly glossier, but a little less white (lower hiding or thinner films). However, the report on the work itself, which was not observed ty us, indicates that the painters were not quite as wall pleased with the new Rx 450 as with the old. The paint earned to be rather thin at first, but saved to thicken after an hour or so after opening. This effect ms not noted with Rx 471. The spreading rates were easy to calculate, but are probably affected ty inaccurate measurements of the paints actually used: new primer, 483 sq. ft. per gallon, old primar 472; new finish coat 520 and old finish ooat 511. 0007-SWP-044166 Paint Research June, 1954 -2- #97 - SB? The Vegetable Products Research Laboratory has submitted three vacuum bodied linseed oils, ME 7445, MB 7449 and MB 7465 for evaluation in SVP as vari ations of (25 M 22). Ihey sugr be manufactured more economically than (25 A 22) in the Defaydrol stills. The ch&r&cterlsties of these oils vere: MB 7445 - Vacuum bodied (44) containing 0.259 betachlorsnthraqulnoae and eatarifled with 0.559 pentaerythrltol. Viscosity G-H 29*. Acid Value -- 2.6. Color 4-5. KB 7449 - Vacuum bodied (44) pemtaerythrltol aStar!fled. Viscosity G-B 27". Add value 2.1. Color 4-5. MB 7465 - (44) asterifled during the vacuum bodying process with one addition, in the original oil before heating, of a partial ester of pemtaerythrltol and (44), bearing 9.19 P.E., in an amount such. us to provide 1.09 P.S. in the total oil and ester mixture. Viscosity W 27*. Add Value 2.5. Color 5. Experimental paints made with these oils were tested for brushing, flow, gloss and drying character!stica against SUP Gloss White made with (25 A 22). The resalts of the tests Indicated that MB 7445 and MB 7449 are somewhat deficient in gloss and flow. MB 7465 produced the lowest consistency paint with gloss characteristics similar to (25 A 22). Due to the high con sistencies obtained on laboratory batches of SUP made with the new oils we would suggest that sufficient MB 7465 be made for a aaall plant batch of Rx 471 if the Oil Mill can show a substantial increase in their yields as compared with (25 A 22). High ViscoaLtv #5 Shear Paint No. Oil Tested Fresh 5 Sears Brush How Gloss Poises 502 3 ( *'*#>:, 47* 57.8* + 1/3 cup 8 8 9 5.0 504 a - KB 744* 45.8* 50.8* + 1A0 cup 7 8 8 2.7 505 a 506 S KB 7440 46* 55.5* + 1/7 cup 8 MB 7465 56* 47.8* 8 e 8 2.5 9 9 2.8 The Chicago Varnish-Resin Department submitted a lov vacuum heat bodied and air blow linseed oil CTV 3767 for test in SUP as a replacanent for (25 A 22). It had a body of 29*, an add value of 4.4 and color 12. It was compared with (25 A 22) in SUP Gloss Vhite Bx 471 and in SUP Fume Resisting 0007-SWP-044167 0007-SWP-000113537 June, 1954 #97 - Cant, Rx 436. CTV 8767 has aLightly higher gloss character!sties than (25 A 22). However, a farther imprevanent In gloss characteristics is necessary to obtain a standard gloss for SUP fume Resisting White Bx 456. The Varnish-Renin De partsait has agreed to make other variationa of (25 A 22) using maleic -with and vlthout an air hLov on the oil. Work will be oontiuued on this investi gation. SUB Vestchaster Gray Rx 477 was revised to use the nqtf oils (27 A 7) and (25 A 22). Reports were received from Chicago and Hevark on rechecks of batch samples that the present formula has a tendency to decrease in viscosity on storage. The elimination of (25 A 4) from this formula will improve the package stability. The Chicago and Newark factories were requested to make plant batches of Rx 477 when the new oils are available. If production made on the proposed revision is satisfactory; Cleveland will be requested to send the new formula to all plants. Exposures 21001-21010 CS, CH, F ware prepared during the month* All are cedar bevel siding, primed with Rx_450 .Undercoator. The tests cover the use of several extenders seat In for evaluation in Rx 471 SHP doss VIiter (a) Hjrtal 54 G and 500 SC 84; (b) Visoo #1742 XX Talc: Visco #1726 Talc and Hy-Vie #1440 Talc from VMttaker-Claik-DanieQ.8 and (c) Lakafield Hephaline Syenite from Great Lakes foundry Sand Company. Considerable time was spent on house tests during the month, includ ing some an rhich such of the work vas done daring the previous month aid others an lhicfa results will not be available until the July report. Primarily because of the vehicle change In Rx 450 SUP ttnderooater and Rx 471 Gloss Vhite, we desired a considerable number of bouse tests this year, spreading rates being our main concern. Late in April a bulletin asking for prospects was posted throughout the Kensington plant. Hearty 100 responses were received, and about 70 houses were inspected. After some dal^- due to unavailability of the new Rx 450, some tests were started late in Mqr. Ve expect continued activity through July and Angnst, especially since several prospects are wait ing for the revised formula of Rx 476 One Coat Vhite. A few jobs will be hald back for fall painting, following are the -pcmpleted tests to date: F. Smgadi bease, Dolton, 111. Porch and patio addition. Using new Rx 450 and Rx 471 only. Spreading rates: 473 sq. ft. per gallon for Rax 450, 520 sq. ft. per gallon for Rx 471. V. Haas, Chicago, new garage. Using both old and new Rx 450-Rx 471. Very favorable comment on the new formulas on mixing and brushing. Spreading rates: 506 sq. ft. per gallon for Rx 450 , 542 sq. ft. per gallon for Rx 471, with no measurable differences in amounts used of the old and new formulas. 0007-SWP-044168 0007-SWP-000113538 Paint Research Jane, 1954 E. Glasscock, Chicago, new garage, Systaas as preceding, except that the finish coat is not Rx 471, hat Rx 473 Tint Base shaded to approximately Rx 496 Ivory0 Again favorable comment on new formulas. Spreading rates: Old Rx 450, 546 sq. ft. per gallon Rev 422 * Old Rx 471, 423 sq. ft. per gallon Hew 498 J. Chaps, Dolton, 111., repaint on a fairly new house. Since the nev formula was available only in limited quantity at the time, only a mail area was done with new Rx 450-Rx 471. The spreading rates were; Old Rx 450, 511 sq. ft. per gallon Hew 527 * * Old Rx 471, 530 sq. ft. per gallon Hew 591 The following tests are under way; old versos nev Rx 450-471: M. Badgell, Homewood, 111., first repaint on a 2-story house. F. Hard, Thornton, 111., repaint, old house. J. Bartallotta, Tinlqr Park, 111., first repaint on a 2-story house. B. Standquiet, South Holland, 111., repaint, old bouse. J. Patrick, Chicago, repaint, old house bat remodeled and with siding painted only once previously. 0007--SWP-044169 Paint Research May, 1954 --2-- ^97 - StfP The Chicago Varnish-Basin Departamt has submitted three Maples of (27 A 4) oaleated, heat bodied and air blow linseed oil, taken at rati ons intervals dating the oook, with viecositlee of 140, 185 and 240 (stand ard) seconds. The oils were used in conjunction with (25 A. 22) vacuum bodied linseed in proportions required to obtain satisfactory point viscoatties, The Tarnish Ospartmmt has also aubaitted an air blown (815) type oil CFT 8761 to be. compared with (25 A 22). CT7 8761 has a bo^ of 26 seconds, acid value of 5.7 end color of 6. The experlBMntal work to date indicates that a high bodied oil (S' 54*) will be required to obtain easy bruling and good flow in SWF. However, the 7amiA Departamt was requested to heat body the base oil to 50 to 55 seoonda instead of 69 seconds md than blow to a body of 5 minutes 54 seconds. Tha increase in blowing tine mgr give better vetting, better flow and lower paint viscosity, This oil will be evaluated and reported on at a later date. Gallons Gallons Actual (27 A 4) (25 M 2) Paint Weight and md Viscosity #5 High Rex 471 (T 14.22) VlaooBity Viaoo alter fresh 5 Davs Brush Shear Flow GLoss 424 S 7 14.22 <2*0) 12 (28*) 24.0* 51* 9 2.4 87 426 S 7-1/2 14.24 (185*) 11-1/2 (28*) 25.0* 50* 7 2.5 S7 418 S 11-1/2 14.25 (140*) 7-1/2 (28*) 25.4* 27.6* 5 5.2 87 427 S 7 14.13 (840*) enr 8761 12 (26) 26* 50* 6 2.9 68 The Vegetable PtoductB Research laboratory has submitted two vacuum bodied linseed oils MB 7417 and KB 7427 for evaluation in SUP. The two oils are variations of (26 k 22), formarLy (25 M 2). MB .7417 la a new vacuum bodied linseed oil Similar to (25 k 22) except that the base oil is raw extracted oil md very lightly refined with caustic soda. It is unbleached and unrefrigeratsd and represents a grads of treated raw oil that tha Vegetable Products Research Laboratory believed ocruld be processed satisfactorily in their continuous vacuum bodying equipmmt. MB-7417 has a viscosity of 28 sec onds, an add value of 1.6 md a color of 6-7. 0007-SWP-04417 0 0007-SWP-000113540 Paint Research May, 1954 -5- #97 - Coat. MB-7427 la a beta chlorsnthraquinone catalyzed vacuum bodied linseed oil baaad an (44). Tha purpose in eubaitting this oil was to determine any merit it may have toward radicing tba prasant excessive cost of vacuum boding In tha Diiydrol atilla at tha Oil Mill. Tha most recent yields front that operation hare bean about BS-1/2J, which involves too high a ooat to bear at tha present differential of ti.ro cants orar rav linseed. MS 7427 has a viscosity of 28.6 seconds, ah add value of 2.5 and a oolor of 5 plus. The expedmmital paint made with MB 7417 has good bruiting and flow properties. The initial paint viscosity is Slightly low and the color le very slightly /allow. The high Shear an the fresh paint is 2.4 poises. MB 7427 ptohiced paint that was somewhat high in viscosity, slightly sticky in brushing and somewhat low in gLoaa and flow characteristics. There nay be some question on the very slightly yellow cast imparted to the paint due to the MB 7417. However, suffidtnt MB 7417 should be made to make a factory batch of SHF in order to check the color of production mads with this oil. Thar* is no interest in MB 7427 due to the lower gloss mid flow properti.ee obtained with this oil in SHPe Exposures 17712-25 7, C were examined during the month, consisting of a group of four quite unrelated teste put out In the usual manner at Florida for IS sonthe vertical south and 15 months at Chicago north and south. Most of the series Is taker up with competitive flat paints presented to the trade for exterior use. These are tested against regular SWP house paint of tha appropriate colors as control, and also against S-9 Flat-Tone. Other tests, below, are salf-explsiatoiy (a) Amstrong's flat, Dutch Kraft (Grand Rapids Paint and Sianal Co.) and S-V Flat-Tone, ail in both white and shaded green, show same interest ing contrasts. With one exception, there has bean surprisingly lit tle Increase in film failure during the second 6-8 months, and all seam more durable than would be expected, especially with respect to erosion at Chisago. The exception is Flat-Tone Spring Green, which shows bed cracking. The chalking is not excessive, ill the greens show very bed chalk mask fading, and at Florida the entire group shows bed mildew, though not necessarily more than the regular SWP gramas used as guides. (b) So choice due to the use of basic Mg and A1 Rosin Amine D soap a (at 10 pounds) aa surface active agents in Rex 471 SUP Gloss White. The paints look aaooth and dean, (e) Enterprise Wonder White #452 shows np fairly well so far, but at Florida it is not only quite susceptible to mildew but also shows sppredahLe microscopic checking. i j j 0007-SWP-044171 0007-SWP-000113541 faint Rasaarch Her, 1964 #97 - Cent. {d) Tmtara Wall mu wy dnraKLa at Chicago and no nor* sascaptlhla to dirt thm SHP. Hovavar, at Florida than is ona dsrsLopaant Dhicta 19 bacons serious - a streaky offset (horiaontal) which looks lika blaedlng. Frotsxa-Vall is a Taiy hasry aatarial, boLiored to ba basad on an acrylic rasin. It is anppliod by Krylon Corporation, Patarson, 5. J., and Is appliad by sparing ana ooart with a raiy ooarsa nossle. 0007-SWP-044172 0007-SWP-000113542 Faint Research April, 1954 -5- #97 - SWF The Chicago factory baa manufactured approximately 40,000 gallons of SHF on the new eagr brushing foaviation. This protection has excellent brushing and flow characteristics. Batches made during April on the new formulation are listed below. During the month, batches of SUP Ivoiy Rex 496, SUP Chelsea Gray Rex 474 and SHF Colonial tallow Rex 465 were made an the new formulation. The new tint base formula, however, will require aome modification in PVG and vehicle composition to adjust for tinting colors and tinting bases. In the initial batches no adjustment was made for the added color so all high shear readings are slightly higher md the brushing properties are not quite equal to the SUP Gloss White. Cleveland has been requested to make the required adjustment in FVC to correct for the added tinting color in the light tints before the formulas are distributed. Cate C-," Gallons C 914 2000 C 914 A 1100 C 924 noo C 924 A C 924 B C 994 C 1024 C 1024 A C 1054 C 1044 A 2000 11 t C 1044 C 1054 11 SUP Protection at Chicago (Hm Formula) A. Vt. (T. Vt. Added (151) Viscosity 3 14.24). per 100 gal. fresh Devs Shown 6 days 14.20 V# 52" 55* 7 days 14.20 0 32 54.6* 7 dkys 14.12 1/2 28 29* 7 days 15.97 1/2 54 54.6" 6 days 14.22 0 51 52.1' 6 days 14.10 1 50 29.2* 1 3 days 28 27" 2 days 14.13 1-5/4 (145) 51 33.6' 10 days 14.14 1/2 5L 55.8" (l/2 (151) 8 days 14.05 (1 (145) 52 51.6" 5 days 14.01 2$ 52 29.2' 5 days 14.16 1$ (145) 29 5L" High Shear in Folses 2.5 2.6 2.2 2.5 2.6 2.4 2.4 2.5 2.5 2.5 Rex 496 C 974 Rex 465 C 1054 Rex 474 C 1024 900 900 1100 IT 14.41) 14.55 1-1/2$ 14.16 3$ (2702) 14.41 O 30 51 29 6 days 29.2" 3 days 32.0" 2 days 26.2" 3.0 2.6 2.7 0007-SWP--044173 0007-SWP-000113543 Paint Research April, 1954 #97 - Cont. Work will oontinue on the reformulation of SUP to improve flow and gloss. Voicing with tbs indiridnal oils ussd as tbs mtire bodied oil porticn of tbs vehicle of Rex 456 SVP Puns Resisting Whits, tbs (27 C 8} naloic trsatsd bodisd and blown oil produesd good flow and gLoss, rfcere&s tbs vicuum bodisd oil (25 M 2) gavs low bo<$r, poor flow and low gloBB. Tbs Initial work suggssts that we should inrsstigats tbs possibility of using higher mounts of a modification of (27 C 8) or tbs baas oil (27 A 4) at lowsr viscosities in higher amounts to psxmit a rsdnction of tbs woluas of (26 M 2), provided tbs brushing qualities can bs maintained. Samples of (27 A 4) will be taken at various intervals during tbs cook to sappily oils baring approximately 2, S-l/2, S, 5-1/2 and 4 minutes for experimental study. Tbs Chicago Varnish Plant and tbs Clsrsland Linseed Oil Mill will both submit samples for inspection. Another possibility is to try to improve tbs wotting characteristics of (25 M 2) without loss of its contribution toward eacy brushing. (26 M 2) will bs given a slight teminal air blow to sss lbether vs obtain tbs desired improvement in vetting without loss of brushing qualities. The Tarnish Ddpartmant is trying to make (25 M 2) using a slight vacuum and a rig) ions blow with inert gas to simulate vacuum bodying. They will try to cat off the heat body ing at elevated taspsTatars with blowing vith inert gas at same point shcrt of tbs standard viscosity for (25 K 2), thm drop tbs tamperature and finish with & Slight air blow. The R. T. Vanderbilt Company has submitted three micas for cur Inspection. The submitted samples were compared with our regilar sine* as 75 of the total pigment in SVP doss White Rex 471. Old Dry Wo. gaw Dry Ho. 5 Residue 525 Mesh Screen 2284 6255 2307 6252 62 C 2 Vanderbilt Mica Ho. 2 m " Ho. 5 * * Ho. 12 105 125 0.5% 1-25 5-65 11-135 Water ground mica Dry ground mica **a a a an aa 2264 diy -- Alsibron* Special #12 Mica - Franklin Mineral Products 2307 dry - AA Mica, Thompson Weinman 62 C 2 - 4 X Mica, Mineralite Sales Corp. 0007-SWP-044174 0007-SWP-000113544 Faint Research April, 1954 -5- #97 - Cont. The various experimaatal paints were ground at the same mill adjust ment and the finished paint was checked for body, brushing, flow, grind and gloss characteristics. Rex 471 Paints Mica A. Wt. Vi sco sitv #3 (T. Wt. 14.24) Grind 24 Hr. Brush Flow doss 598 S 399 S 400 S 401 S 402 S 403 S 62 C 2 2507 dry 2264 dry Mica i Mica #5 Mica #12 14.19 14.22 14.22 14.17 14.24 14.21 3a 5H 2-1/2 R 3H 2-1/2 H 2H 3.2* 54* 62.2* 57.6* 60.8" 62* 89 a8 66 66 66 55 8 7 6 6 6 6 All experimental paint* are high in viscosity, apparently due to the high relative humidity at the time of grinding and the moisture content of the various pigments used in the test peints. Panels 20742-91 C, P, I, 0 vere prepared and exposed during the month, a total of 240 cedar bevel siding pmrels for exposure at Chicago, north and south, and Florida, Coffayvllle and Oakland south only. These cover the recent revision in Rex 450 Dndercoater and SUP White and tints made to improve brushing. Five formulas of Rex 450 are involved (as vail as saLf-prlmsd voir): 1. Card 59, with Celite and leaded zinc. 2. Card 41, zinclesa, with Oolite. 5. Card 47, zindosa, no CeLite. 4, Proposed formula, zinclesa. 5. * * with leaded zinc. Sadi of these are used with tvc Rex 471 SUP doss Whites, Carl 75 currant production and the proposed formula. The Dndercoater formulas numbered 5, 4 and 5 (also self-primad work) are used also vith (a) Rex 456 Fume Resisting White, (b) SUP Tint Base and (c) Intermix (lew PTC) White, all being current versus proposed, and (b)` and (c) being used both as uhito and tinted to Colonial fellow. Exposures 15461-70 F, C vere examined after 24 months at Florida verti cal south and 26 months at Chicago north and south, all csdar bevel siding primed vith Rex 450 Dndercoater. The tests are designed to improve flow, glo38 and uniformity of production of Rex 477 SUP Westchester Grey. The variations are: 0007-SWP-044175 0007-SWP-000113545 Paint Research April, 1954 --6-- #97 - Coat. OJ 605 P Rex 477 Card 13, guide. GJ 766 P Using 250 lb. 2504 dry* as inert, 9 gal. (215) blown linseed oil. OJ 717 P Using 500 lb. 2504 dry. OJ 718 P Using 500 lb. 515 dry*. OJ 758 P Using 500 lb. 2504 dry,mi. 16 gal. of(4106) alkyd. OJ 696 P Using 2140 dry Titmox RCfor 2174Ti-Pure R-610, sad 512 dry Sytal 500 as Inert. OJ 697 P Sane bat 566 dry mineral whiting for 512 dry at equal volume. OJ 695 P Similar to 605 P bat 54 lb. of ZL74, 400 lb. of 512, with some Rheotal and (796) non-break linseed. OJ B96 P Pignmt as 766 P except using 20 dry Mg silicate; 20 gal. 0K0 M-17 oil. OJ 898 P Pigmmt same; 20 gal. CKO M-57. Rex 477, C 651 stock, fomnia as guide. *2504 Sierra's Matron HG-75 Mg silicate, very fine. 515 Sierra's T-075, less fine than HG-75, bat finer than 20 dty. The report at one year stated that several formulas shoved improve ment over -die regular (guide) in durability but that none were good enough in clean-up and resistance to fading to rate as appreciably batter all-around. At two years, a fairly dear-cat case vlth regard to durability is seen in the Florida panels. The pigment changes, except 696 F end 697 P, using 2140 dry, are an laprovmmt on the regular as regards checking, although none are entirely free of it. The two OKU oil tests also *ov more checking than the guide. Hovavor, fading and clean-up ggsin. introduce contradictions into the general evaluation. The guide and the four testa cited above stand out as good in color so that their appearance rating is better than those showing more checking. The sample using (4106) seems surprisingly poor in color re tention. The Chicago tests show no film failure. 696 P and 697 P, with 2140, look best because of good color retention. The (4106) sample seems fair. The samples rather poor in color are C 651 stock and OJ 717 P. The OKU samples look relatively good. 0007--SWP-044176 0007-SWP-000113546 Paint Research April, 1954 -7- #97 - Cont<. Expoauras 15934-58 F, C, F, K vers examined during the month, with a full report being Bait to the technical mailing list and to the St> Joseph Lead Company* with vhom we have cooperative expo auras on this subject. Because of this coverage and the availability of extra copiea of the report, no attmspt is being made here to present the paints mad results In detail. Florida tests, the usual cedar bevel siding with regular guide, are reported at 24 nonthe, Chicago and Cofftyvllle bests at 50 months. The general formulations Involved are Rex 471 SUP Gloss White, Rex 436 fume Resisting White and St. Joseph's sub mitted lead-free bouse paints, both Rax 450 Dnderooatar and self-primed ty stmus am tested. The following sine oxldES are compared: American Zinc's A so ZZZ-55 and ZZZ-55, New Jarsqr's Horsefaead XX-592, XX-50S and XX-50, and St. Joseph's Green Label #17, #40 and #42. Unly a few cases show notably good or poor per formance. A brief summary: 1. XX-592 definitely chalky and tends to check. 2. XX-50, XX-503 slight checking tmxdenciea, ZZZ-55 and #17 even less. 3. ZZZ-SS beat, #40 and #42 nearly as good in durability and clean-up. 4. St. Joseph headless paints shov somewhat more mildew and dirt than. Rax 436. Panels 16166-70 F, C warm exanined after two years' exposure at Florida vertical south and 30 months at Chicago north and south, all cedar bevel siding primed with Rax 450 Dnderooatar. The Florida teste an being retired. As men tioned in somewhat more detail in our report of January 19, 1953, these tests cover samples of Silicone Oil C fran Plaskon as made up into 204 siliconated linseed oil by the ReBin Research Department and used to replace all (2)-(1521) and (310) -(2557) linseed oils in Rex 471 SUP Gloss White of early 1951. Since these oils Increased the rate of drying, ssmples with reduced metallic driers were included for comparison. The Florida tests show a heavy pattern of micro scopic chocking, which was incipient at one year. Although the appearance is as good as that of the guide, the test paints, regardless of the drier content, are certainly inferior to the regular Rex 471 guide from a durability stand point. The Chicago panala show essentially the same thing. The checking is not as serious as at Florida, but there is a definite dlffermce is dirt col lection, favoring the regular. Exposures 1882C-53 F, Z were examined after approximately 6 months at Florida vertical south and at Chicago north aid south. All the tests involved are on new cedar bevel siding and part are also tried as repaint work, using regular Rex 450 Ondercoater in all cases. The purpose is to try to improve SUP Tint Base with respect to (a) tendmicy to check at Florida, by incorporating mica, and (b) tendency toward mildew growth by adding fuagl- 0007--SWP-044177 0007-SWP-000113547 Paint Research April, 1954 #97 - Coat. cides. Besides the regular tint base, the lav FTC Intermix formula is aleo tried with a United number of variations. All formulas are tested both as shite and as shaded to HostChester liray, vitfa Rex 471 SHF lilosa White as a guide on the shitee. The nice used is at 7>. There is no fila failure and no chalking except an the Rex 471 guide. There is no fading of any importance. The gloss retention varies, but the only striking differences are In the low gloss of Rex 471 and the high gLoee of the Intermix. Probably the only clear-out conclusion of a17 value at present is that the ftingicides tested are not doing a satlafactory Job; in fact, even at the higher levels some Alov no effect at present. The agnate tried are Dovicide 6 at 7 cents per gallon, Super Id-It at 7/ and. 14/ and phenyl mercury oleate at 7/ and 14/. 1 0007-SWP-044178 0007-SWP-000113548 Paint Research March, 1954 #97 - SWP The Paint Research Department has aade several reports in the last few Maths on the refonulatlan of SUP to laprare brushing and flow. Various aaleiniaed, heat bodied and blow oils were prepared ly the Vegetable Products Laboratory, each as MB 5715, for our Inspection. The MB 5715 type oils were used in conjunction with 0K0 S 57 vacuum bodied linseed to improve the brash- ability of oar exterior house paints. The 0K0 S 57 type linseed oil and MB 5715 bare ben manufactured in tank car quantities end have been girsi the assignments (25 M 2) and (27 4 4) respectively. -- In order to check the groeral perfonunce of the plant production of (26 M 2) and (27 A 4) the two oils were used in oenbiaatlou with the laboratory samples such aa MB 5715 and the 0K0 S 57 linseed as show in the fbllowing chart. In all cases, regardless of the oil s nssd in our test paints, wa obtained stand ard viscosities and bruling characteristics, ebich indicated plant production of the oils was idwtlcal to the laboratory saaples. MB 5715 fi& Laboratory saeple Body 5' 54* 9.9 SSl2 10 + (27 A 4) Tank Car !* W 8.4 11 QKO S 57 Linseed A-D-M Oil Z- to 2+ 1-5 4-6 (25 M 2) As above I-Z 2.0 4 but S-tf production Rax 471 Bodied Oils Used With T Paints (2) Raw Linseed Oil_____Vto Viacosiiy #5 A 5 5 Brush- High Vt. Fresh DerB pg;g.... tog___ Shear Rax 471 tfalelnlsed, Vacuum bodied oil bodied linseed 505 6 507 508 S 509 S MB 5715 MB 5715 (27 A 4) (27 A 4) (25 M 2) 14.26 080 S 37 * (25 M 2) " 0K0 S 57 " 14.27 14.24 14.26 14.26 25" 34.8" 34" Very good 26" 34" 33.6" It 28" 33" 32.6" tl 27* 34.6" a.8" H 2.4 2.4 2.2 2.6 Tlnt'Baae 508 S MB 5715 (25 M 2) 14.51 14.47 27 52.2" 32" * 2.6 0007-SWP-044179 0007-SWP-000113549 Faint Recear; March, 1854 -7- #97 - Cent, The Chicago factory has manufactured six plant batches of SkF Gloss Vhite on the he* eaqr brushing SUP formulation. The new protection has excel lent blushing Mkd flow characteristics. Tlaooaitar #5 (5027) Added ft? a High Shear Dater.nllhm. A. t. per 100 gal. Fresh 2* Er. Shorn in Poiaea 844 B 1100 14.24 0.5 27.2* 50* 28.6* 2.2 (6 days) 884 1125 14.18 1.5 28.2 28.8 29 2.2 (4 d^s) 894 1100 14.21 - 28 28 - 2.5 894 A 2000 14.24 - 28 27.8 - .4 894 B 1100 14.26 - 50 29 - 2.4 904 A 2000 14.28 0.25 29 - - 2.4 904 1100 14.22 - 29 - - 904 B 123.0 14.10 _ 27 -- - 2.4 VoUc will be continued on the reformulation of SUP fume Resisting Vhite Rax 456, SUP Tinting Vhite Rex 475, SUP One Coat Vhite Rex 476 and SUP Westchester Grey Rex 477 to improve brushing by the uae of (27 A 4) and (25 M2). A preliminary evaluation of (25 M 2) vacuum bodied oil was made in the experimental oil-alkyd low PTC intermix lhite formulation. It was found th&t all of the oil need in the formula could be replaced with (25 M 2) without adversely affecting application characteristics. High shear viecosimeter-retings show the two paints to bs the same at 1.95 and 1.95 poises, respectively. An additional and perhaps more interesting feature of the paint made with the (25 M 2) oil is the fact that tack is materially reduced com pared with the regular formula. This suggests the investigation of this mat erial for use in the low pigment volume trim paints. The Dispersion Laboratory has supplied a series of shading bases in which the color is dispersed in galled mineral spirits. These have been com pared with Sea Tinting Colors as well as with fluid oil colors for the shading of SWP tints (see report of February, 1954 for Kem Tinting Color evaluation). Some difficulty was experienced in incorporating these colors in the 3,1}' tint base by staple TM' stirring. Tests at 1 - 5 minutes stirring aluays favored the Kem Tinting Color and the fluid oil color for ease of dispersion. Quanti tative additions of color prove an equal color strength development after a five minute shaking period whether the color is introduced as Kem Tinting Color or the DisperBion Laboratories gelled solvent bases. 0007-SWP-044180 0007-SWP-000113550 Paint Besearch March, 1954 6-- -- #97 - Conto lasts of the pregelled base* In odorless flat arumal vara more successful than those in OTP Tinting Vhits. For this application no diffi culty vas experienced with any of the shading bases for aasa of incorpora tion, uniformity, color strength dsvalojaunt. In the February report a reference vas made to tests being ton on three Inerts from Vhittaker, dark and Daniels - #1742 yisoo XX Talc, #1726 Visoo Talc and #1440 Hr-Vis Talc, The three special talcs were com pared with Nytal 500 in OTP for viscosity, brushing. How and gloss. The #1742 Visoo XX and 1726 Visco talcs are quite Similar to Bytal 200 in all respects. The #1440 By-Vis produces higher viscosity and somewhat shorter flow and lower gloss than standard. Batch Inert Visoo sitar #5 \ T. Vt. A. Vt. Fresh 5 Ears Brush Flow Gloss 295 S Hytal 500 14.60 14.72 20.2" 25.8" Good Good Good 296 S #1742 Viaco XX 14.72 19.8 25 Good Good Good - 297 S #1440 Hy-Vls * 14.75 24 51.5 Good Good - Good - 298 S #1726 Visoo * 14.69 22 25 Good Good Good Panels 20650-49 f, C were prepared for exposure at Florida end Chicago to determine the range of chalk resistance of non-chalking rutile titanium oxides supplied by the principal producers, including Titanium Pigment Corporation, da Pont and Calno. All are tasted in SHP tint base tinted to Chelsea Gray and Colonial I allow and most were also tested in the low PVC Intermix Vhite formula tinted to the sane shades. Panels 15150-2 F, C were studied during the month. The purpose of this series was to compare regular (2) linseed oil with a sample extracted at the S-V Oil Mill fay the hexane solvent process. The emalysla and other char acteristics of this oil, as veil as the properties of paints made from it, are very closely similar to those of (2). All tests are cedar bevel siding, primed with Bex 450 Dnderooater. All have been exposed 4 years, Florida vertical south and Chicago north end south. All tests show good durability; however, the Florida panels passed through a period of heavy mildew growth. No significant differences in the performance of these two oils have been seen throughout the exposure. Panels 15280-91 F, C were exemined during the month, after eppreximately two years' exposure at Florida vertical Bouth and at Chicago north and south, all cedar bevel siding. The samples tested compare regular linseed type formulas of Hex 450 Undercoater and Bex 471 SUP Gloss Vhite with variations of each containing 25?, 40? {bodied portion only) and 100? of safflower oil. Each test Is also duplicated using about l/2 gallon of Hheotol to increase flow. 0007-SWF-044181 0007-SWP-000113551 Faint Basearch March, 1954 -9- #97 - Cant. The Florida panels era being retired at ten years because of hail damage. For the same reason, it is difficult to rate durability with any accuracy. Microsoopic checking on the tints gives acuta indication of favor ing the 100% safflower fomlas. The only clear indication regarding safflower so far is that it does show more fading than linseed in the tints, and in most cases this is also accompanied by poorer clean-up. Ill the whites look ray good. There seem to be no difference# Axe to Xheotol in durability, hut it seems to alow up chalking aid therefore clsen-up. On the other hsxd (consider ing also Chicago teste), this retardation of chalking nay be of some value, since it slows down erosion also. There seems to be no effect on dirt or on fading of tints at either location. Panels 15511-25 F, C were eowlned after two years in Florida and Chi cago, coveting taste of polyvinyl mettyl ether from General Aniline and Film Corporation as a plasticiser in SWP Gloss White. A 50% solution in xylmia was used, in various amounts from l/2 to 16 gallons par hundred. Use of the higher amounts leads to checking in Florida. Panels 15422-4 F, C vers examined after two years' exposure in Florida and 27 months in Chicago. The test la in SUP Gloss White, where a linsesd-Dow vinyl chLorlde-visylidmxe chloride latex mixture was substituted for the regu lar bodied oil portion of the vehicle. There was sane evidence of incompati bility and some retardation of drying. However, the exposure results have been substantially identical during the two yeere. The Florida panels are being retired because of hail damage. Exposures lSlTI-fr-Fy 'C Vero ^imaicad aftar tm years at Florida, and at Chicago vertical south, all cedar bevel Biding primed with Box 450 Oadercoater. The testa oover SUP Tint Base as of early 195L, Falntercraft That Base and a special formulated for Mr. Holton by Clera!mad Technical Service. All cany leaded einc and 2174 dry R-610 TiOs in similar amounts. The Paintercraft adds a little 2140 dry HC, but its extender is all 20 dry Mg silicate, the Mne am that of SWP. The special is a little lover in ZL74 and carries roughly lOO pounds each of 20 dry, basic carbonate white lead, half-hydrate CaS04 and hi-hydrate CaS04. All are tested as shaded to Plymouth Green, Colonial Tallow and Westchester Gray. In a report at one year, SWP tint base was rated as somewhat batter in appearance than the other, also a checking tendency was noted on the spe cial formula. Florida results at two years show quits conclusively that the special formula is subject to much more checking than the others; the Chicago tests also show some microsoopic checking on the special. The picture with respect to fading, dirt and appearance is not so dear. The special in Ply mouth Green eerots slightly poorest at Florida and definitely poorest at Chi cago, partly due to fading and partly to dirt. In Chelsea Gray, generally speaking, it is very little if any poorer in appearance than either of the 0007-SWP--044182 0007-SWP-000113552 #97 - Coat. Paint Research March, 1954 -10- other*. In Colonial I allow it look* equal to tha regular, battar than the Paintercrgft. It appears, tberafota, that tha caldm sulfate-basic carbocata whit* lead ooabinatios dose not do anything exceptional to appearance characteriatic* andwy le*d to durability difficulties. Paula 16240-2 T, C wet* examined after two years' expoarre in Florida and Chicago. fh*f ooapare Cl*r Black MB-107 frea E. S. Oickarson againat lmphlack and extender in SUP Vestchester Qr^. 1h* testa in gauaral are abont equal in performance, but tha Florida paoeL* show acne tandatcy toward microscopic checking ikan MB-107 ia used. i 0007-SWP-044183 0007-SWP-000113553 Paint Research February, 1954 -21- #97 - SUP In investigation has bean in progress on the refonrolation of StP to inbreeee viaaosity by the use of higher conKLstanqr inerts. The following materials have been investigated: Grade 510 Talc Special Hy$al 500 84 TO Experimental Hytal 54 G Tiaoo #1728 Hy-Tis #1440 Tiaoo XX Eastern MapteaLa Talc Co. R. T. Vanderbilt Co. Whittaker, Clatk and Daniels The Whittaker, Clark and Daniels inerts are in the process of tasting and a report Kill be aa.de next asnth. The Grade 510 Talc and the teo Hytal s snbnitted for test gave somewhat higher consistmcies than the regular S12 dry Hytal 500. Hovever, the brushing. Ho y ad gloss char acteristics art acneuhat baLov standard. Sana adjustamt nay be required In the vehicle to improve the flow, gloss and brushing properties if these inerts are used in SUP. SUP Gloss Whits - Rax 471 Batch Inart Yiaooai'br #5 T. Vt. A. Wt. Frwah 24 Hr. Flov Gloss 270 3 271 S 272 S 275 S 274 S 20Q# 512 dry 14.60 200# Grade 510 200# Hytal 54 G 14.64 14.65 14.69. 24* a* 27* 200# Hytal 500 XS84 (150# 512 dty * 14.66 14.61 29.8* 27.2* ( 50# Grade 510 SUP Tint Base Formulations 26* 55.2 so* 52* 29.4" Good Short GoodGoodGood- Good Fair Good GoodGood- 275 S 125# 512 Doing 2140 14.70 14.78 22" 23.5" Good Good 276 S 125# Grade 510 14.70 14.75 Doing 2140 dry 24* . 27* Good- Fair + 277 S 500# 512 dry Osing 2174 14.58 14.60 24.2* 26.8* Good- Good- 278 S 500# ao Talc Using &74 14.58 14.68. 55.2* 54.2" Very Fair short 0007-SWP-04 4184 0007-SWP-000113554 Wsr*- ^97 - Cont Paint Research February, 1954 -22- In the January report a reference vaa made to tba use of MB 5724 (duplication of MB 5201 and KB 5715) in SUP CB.cea White. Tha Vagatabla * Products Research laboratory submitted four gallana of MB 5724 which wan ueed-ln conjunction with OKO S 57 rSeeuum bodlad linssad oil and (2) rav linsaad oil to obtain tba optimum brushing propartiua for SUP. k dsflnita improvement was made in tha brushability of SUP by tba uaa of thaaa oils, formula 205 SS vaa developed and aubnittad to nanagooaat. It shove improved brushing, better flow end gloss and a lover raw notarial oost than tha pre sent SUP Gloss Vhita. k comparison with the Card 71 and Card 75 formulations ia made In tha following table: Card or Exp. Ho. Rax 471 71 &* m. 75 Proposal 205 SS PVC 55.7$ 55.6$ 5$.7$ Total oil 406 lb. 411 lb. 408 lb. Bodied oil 19 gd. 14.5 gal. 19 gal. Zinc orders 51.5$ 51.5$ 51.5$ Aiding {Holley units) 19,600 19,800 18,450 High shear 5.7 poiaea 5.0 poises 2.4 poises Rav material coat Flgmant Yabide Total 1102.07 72.61 174.68 I104.S5 74.17 178.52 $97.56 78.02 175.57 Differential with card 71 + $5.84 + 0.69 Tha suggested revision for Rax 477. SUP Westchester Gray using Benton# 54 gal HI 72 is now in effect. Cleveland has found BB 10 to be satisfactory forcontrol of oolor flooding. Production made with pre gelled Bentons will be checkad for package condition and stability an storage. 0007-SWP--044185 0007-SWP-000113555 ' nt.. - :rrj*s3e.1r. #97 - Cont. Paint Research February, 1954 -25- A Milas of tints has base prepared to evaluate Km Tinting Colors for use in exterior bouse paints. Portions of batch C 2955 of Bex 475 SUP Tinting White rare shaded with each of the fa Tinting Colors at a ooncsntratloa of four ounces of aolor per gallon. Sach of these shades was tlua Batched using the sene pigments dispersed in the conven tional fluid oil color vehicle eystm. All colors nixed in veil, and no flooding or floating was axperlenced in these fonmilatlone. Viscosity characteristics are given in the following table as saconds on the No. 5 S-W orifice. For comparison, the Rex 475 base paint C 2955 had a vis cosity of 28 saconds and weighed 14.62 pounds par gallon. Kan Tinting Color 4 os./gal. Fluid Oil Color Match Paint Tint Wt./Gal. Viscosity Paint Vt./Sal. Viscosity RB 4565 4564 4565 4566 4567 4566 4569 4570 Rex 67400 67401 67402 67405 67404 67405 67406 67407 14.66# 14.67 14.69 14.66 14.67 14.70 14.66 14.66 29 eec. 29 28 28 29 29 29 29 RB 4575 4576 457 7 4578 4579 4580 4561 4582 14.66# 14.60 14.75 14.84 14.78 14.76 14.78 14.69 50 sec. 29 29 50 51 50 50 50 It will be noted from the above that the Can Tinting Color hats had little affect on paint viscosity. It is believed that the viscosity increases related to the oil color additions are &is to loss of solvent during the shading operation to natch their Kan Tint counterparts. These paints have been exposed at Chicago north and south and Florida south only and are Identified as series 20589-20604 CS, CU and F. Panels 20555-51 C, F were prepared during the month on cedar bevel siding for exposure at Chicago and Florida, vertical south. The teste consist of 5 coats aaeh of the bodied linseed oils mentioned in the January report on page 24, the purpose being to test the durability of these heat-bodied oils without pigmentation. Six saspies of CTV-3357 and seven of CT7-8560 are tested. Both are SO* treated oils, but the latter van cooked with a maximum draft to simulate vacuum bodying. (2) raw linseed oil is used as a guide, and (44) refined linseed and (510) bodied linseed are Included among the tests. 0007-SWP-044186 0007-SWP-000113556 ( Faint Research February, 1954 -84- #97 - Cont. Pmela 20671-88 C, T> K wan prepared for exposure at Chicago north and south, and south vortical at Florida and Coffeyville, all cadar bevel aiding panels. Chicago panels are reposted using Rax 460 Undercoater shaded gray as sail as shite. The basic formula ie Rex 471 SHF Oloee White Card 70 which is used as the guide. The tests cover the aleas listed below, all sutnitted ty Franklin Mineral Products excapt 62 C 8, which is the regu larly used mica at preemit. All are used at 79 on the pigment weight. 62 C 2 Alsibtons #51 #52 " #45 #60 4 X nice from Mineralite Sales Corp. stearate coated, intended for latex use. stearate coated, similar, resin coated, intended for house paints, silicone-compatible coating A special teat covers the use of Alaibronz #45 pre-wet V grinding with (510) bodied linseed oil alone before Incorporating it into the paint. Exposures 15655-6 F, C were reported an during the month. The purpose was to evaluate Conophor oil in Rex 471 SUP Hose White of early 194S. with both ram and heat-bodied Conophor oil replacing the (2} and (510) linseed bile. Tits oil has an iodine value of 200 or better and a llnolsnio content of about 65% of the component adds of lta mixed glycer ide*. A sample was obtained through Mr. L. 2. Vakeford, of Lewis Berger and Sons. The panada are cedar bevel aiding, primed with Bex 450 Onder- coater, Which is used both as white end shaded gray to emphasise erosive tendencies. The Florida panale were retired at 56 months, vertical south, while the Chicago panala continued on test to approximately 4-1/2 years, north and south. The special paint compared favorably with the regular in the usual laboratory checks. At Florida, the special oil shoved a tmdeney to chalk and erode somewhat faster than the regular; this resulted in a cleaner and better appearance. The Chicags exposures, which usually show up era relatively nail differences in erosion, do not show any differences in this or any other characteristics throughout the exposure. Therefore, this oil may he rated as equivalent to linseed for use in Rex 471. Pnals 17751-68 *, C were examined after 12 months' exposure at Florida vertical south and 15 months at Chicago north and south. All are cedar siding panels primed with Rex 450 Dndercoater. The general purpose was to determine the effect of varying amounts of chalk resistant titan ium in white and tints. Rex 471 SHF Gloss White, Rex 475 SWF Tinting White and hiends of each were tested as indicated below, du Pout's Two Purpose Outside White was included as an example of competitive efforts along this line. 0007-SWP--044187 0007-SWP-000113557 #97 - Cont. Feint Research February, 1964 -25- OJ 754 Q. Rax 471, card 66, 140! enataae TiO, and 2152 FC HT rutile titanium caldun. OJ 755 Q. Hex 475, card 2, all 2140 BC BT rutile titanium calcium. - dn Pont Two-Purpose Outaida White, T-187-04D-0551. Analysis: Ti-Mg 48$, due odd* 52$, silicates 20$; oil vehicle. Tha above uaad both aa white and as tints. OJ 915 Q. Bland of 25* Rex 471/75$ Eaoc 475, as above. OJ 914 Q. Blend of 50$ * /50$ * OJ 915 Q. Blood of 75$ * /25$ * Thaaa blends tasted only as tints. Tha Florida penala vara retired beenas of the preponderance of aildsv growth on all tests except the Race 471, in ifcich case tha enatase TiOs resulted in good self-cleaning. The main conclusion at presnt is that none of the other paints are satisfactory la a climate where mildew is a problem, and that the next more should be to incorporate a fungicide. Tha dn Pont sample behaved very much tha same aa Rax 475 in all respects, end was therefore judged not suitable for use as a white becaise of poor self-cleaning. As noted in previous series, Rx 471 is too chalky to allov satisfactory oolor-retmition in tints. The tint bases, including bloods, and the chi Pant sample shoved some checking st Florida. The Chicago teats continue because it ie felt that tbqr mill give more information on the elate-up of ordin&jy dirt. At present, the chalk tub-off end tha amount of dirt follows very closely what would be expected from the amount of chalk-resistant titanium used. The dn Pont staple again ie more acceptable as a tint than as a white. 0007-SWP-044188 0007-SWP-000113558 Paint Research January, 1954 -25- #97 - sap The Basin Research Deparbamt has prepared a gallon sample of magne- siu* Ibsin D soap HD 7869 for evaluation in safflower ail paints. It has the following piopartiaa: solids - 86%, MJ. - 400 P., solvmt - (4046). This soap was compared with RD 0851, a Rosin Amine D magnesiiai eoap previously snbaittad for evaluation. Paints nn mad* using aafflovar oil with aid without two pounds of HD 7859 and HD 0831. Ths magnesium Rosin Amins D soaps improved tbs gloss and flow bat retudsd tbs dTying charactstlsties. Paint on Soso Brushine Flow Gloss Set 24 Br. 206 3 100% Linseed 201 S 100% Safflower 176 S m 9 177 S 9 9 Hone Good Good Good BD 7659 BD 0351 Good - Short Low Good Good Good Good Good Good 6 hr. 6 hr. 10 min. Good SI. tack 11 hr. Def. tack n hr. Def. tack oik has oontlnusd on reforenlation of SUP to incrsasa viscosity by ass of a highsr consistmcy inart end ty uaa of a Beaton* 34 baas. Eastern Magnaala Tale Compmy has satnittad a sample of their experimental Orada 510 Tale for evaluation in SUP. 510 Tale has an oil absorption of 57.4 and 0.13% residua on ths 525 noth scram. VoIk to data indicates that two gallons of Bmtona 54 Bass or 60 to 75 pounds of a high condstmty inart will be required to Increaa* ths viscosity of SUP to m optima blushing consistency. Vo tic will continue. estchester Gray Bax 477 Card 18 has a tendency toward low initial rlsaonlty and to drop somewhat in wisoosdty daring storage. Bmtona 34 base IX 372 (sxparinmtal number) has bom used to increaa# viscosity. Proposed revision ISO S nt amt to Cleveland for distribution. Ths Vegetable Products Research Laboratory has subnitbad four gallons of MB 5724, special bodied linseed oil, for brushing tests in SUP. MB 5724 iB a duplication of MB 5201 and MB 5715. It v&s prepared from extracted raw linseed oil, SOa catalyzed, heat-bo^pd, and reacted with 0.5% of maleic anhydride to a viaooaity of 89 seconds and an add number of 8.8. It was then treated with 0.0528% lead and 0.0013% manganese, as the napbthmates and, finally, air -blown at 175 F. to a G-H viscosity of 3 minuteB 54 seconds at 77 F. It has an add value of 9.8 and ID-11 color (Gardner, 1955). 0007-SWP-044189 0007-SWP-000113559 #97 - Coat. Paint Research January, 1964 -24- MB 5724 was checked for brushing characteristics in 5VP. Our experimmital work indicates that optimum brutfaing properties ara obtainad with this oil whan usad in conjunction with 0K0 S 57 linsaad oil and raw linsaad oil. Serial 20440-75 CS, CN, ? was prepared during the month for expo sure at Chicago, north and south vortical, and Florida, south vortical. Sovsml batches of bodied linseed oils developed by the Varnish-Resin Lab oratory were tried in Bax 471 SUP doss Vbita. Each oil was tested as the normal 40$ replaceunt of (SLO) bodied linseed and also as 100$ bodied oil, in which case the resulting high body was corrected ty the addition of thin ner. The spreading rates were calculated on m equivalent solids basis, to give equal film thicknesses. The oils tested may be classified into two groupst (a) CTV 8557, heat-bodied with sulfur dioxide catalyst followed by an inert gas purge, end (b) CTV 8580, the same but with a maximal draft used in the stack to simulate a vacuum-bodied 0K0 type oil. Further variations eoosist merely of several samples taken from each cook at Intervals. This resulted in six samples of CTV 8557, ranging from 10 to 81 seconds in vis cosity, and 7 ssnples of CTV 8560, from IS to 61 seconds. Exposures 20495-20504 CS, CN, F were prepared during the month. These panels are being exposed at Chicago, north and south vertical, sod at Florida, south vertical. This series is a supplesset to the preceding series (20440-75), in that the oil involved is bodied in the same manner; however, it is safflower oil instead of linseed. CTV 8568 is the basic bodied oil, bodied with S08 plus Inert gas purge. Sight samples of varying viaoosily, from 10 to 205 seconds were taken from the cook at various Intervals. In pre paring the paints these oils vara blandsd with suitable amounts of (15 Cl 5) nan-break safflower oil to adjust body, rather thm using thinner. The following exposure series were exaained during the monthi 1. 14809-18 F, C. 56 months Florida south vertical, 59 months Chicago south and north vertical. SUP Gloss Vhite variations substituting Nytal 500 and Nytal 400 for 20 dry magnesium silicate. On cedar over 450 Onderooater shaded gray to emphasize erosion. Results show very few differences. In Chicago, where erosion is the only failure, 20 dry is favored slightly over either Nytal, also in dean-up. Florida tests favor Nytals slightly in clean-up, Nytal 500 slightly superior in durability, Nytal 400 showing definitely worse checking and cracking than 20 dry. Chicago panda retired, Florida exposures continued. 0007-SWP-044190 #97 - Coot. Paint Research J anuary, 1954 -25- 2. 14655-60 F, C, 36 nontbs Florida south vertical, 34 months Chicago south and north Tsrtlcal. Paraolite P-IYR subetituted both at equal might and volume for 20 dry In 5WP doss White Bax 471 and Colonial Tailor Bax 465. In Chicago Paraolite showed slightly batter clem-up and Bora erosion, with more fading In the tint. In Florida the Paraolite white seen* to hold more dirt, probably mildew, Kid about equal chalk-uak on the tint hut batter * show through* color. Chisago tests retired, Florida tests continue aa Paraolite seats to hare definite possibHitieB. 5. 15058-41 P, C. 80 months south 70111001 Florida and 55 months south vertical Chicago. Tests of (510) heat bodied linseed oil, with sad without S08 catalyst, in SHP Gloss White, made with 20 dry and 5L2 dry. Ho differences observed. 4. 15437-41 F, C. 24 months Florida south vertical end 26 months Chicago south and north vertical. Comparing 2295 diy A zo ZZZ-55 zinc oxide, 2059 dry H.J.Z. XX-505, 1707 dry H.J.Z. XX-50, and EagLe Picher's #416 tine oxide in Bex 456 SUP Fume Bead sting White. Previous ratings shoved some minor differences In clean-up, but not significant becaiee of general contradictions at the differmt locations. Tbs Florida panels at present show no diffemees. Although it is not likely that vs will ever get valid dnratal ity data, because of past hail damage, we are continuing the exposure. The Chicago results are also vary closely alike. 1207 and #416 seem very slightly more free-chalking, hut 1707 Is the only one to show consistently better clean-up, and the margin is very slight. All are generally satisfactory so far. 5. 15506-10 F, C. 24 months vertical Bouth Florida and 26 months south and north vertical Chicago. Substitution of F esters for the bodied linseed oil (SLO) in SUP Gloss White, Including AV-1101 PE soya ester from Vegetable Oil Products Research Laboratory, RC 7465 PE soya ester and RC 7470 PS linseed eater from Resin Research. Very little choice so far. The PI soya esters seen to chalk e little less freely but this is not accompanied by any poorer clam-up. 6. 15568-60 F, C, 24 months vertical south Florida, 26 months vertical south and north Chicago. High iodine oils, tung-fortifled low saturate content and special soya oils bodied and substituted for the bodied linamed (310) portion of the SHP Gloss Whits vehicle. The specific oils include: 0007-SVJP--044191 0007-SWP-000113561 *}\ .-djOBtSShuWr Paint Research January, 1954 -27- #97 - Coat. (a) RC 6571, Aliphat 16 A-PE ester, 20$ tong modified. (b) RC 6574, Aliphat 16 A-Glyceryl ertar, 20$ tang modified. (c) RC 6575, Heofat 19, C 20 fish oil adds, glyceryl eatar. (d) RC 6560, BoAled safflower, 20$ tong. (} BC 6561, Alipbat 16 A, Glyceryl eater. (fj BC 6562, Aliphat 16 A, PE eater. (g) XB 828 Propane refined aoya. (h) EC 6519 Swift's propane refined aoya. (i) RC 6542 (1272) aoya. (j) BC 6756 Styrvae and (5019) Detydrol 12 minutes. (it) RC 6772 Slyrsne and 13019) Dehydrol 25 ainutea. BC 6575 produced severe checking in Florida and some checking at Chicago. The rest are substantially equal at two years. Minor nrwmmta would be that (h), (1), (j), (It) in Florida show the most dirt oolleotlon by a alight margin bat this is reversed in Chicago. Safflover-tung (d) does well in both locations and (g) is also clean at Chicago. 7. 15650-4 F, C. 24 months south vertical Florida and south and north vertical Chicago. Comparing special bodied oils RC 8105 S0Z bodied aoya with traces of Epon and RC 8104, same but not Span for bodied linseed (510) in Rex 471. The first year's results shoved nothing significant, possibly slightly better gloss bat more dirt on all testa than on prides. At two years there is no failure at adther location, except a very slightly greater incipiact erosion on all testa at Chicago; this is not verified by any record of more free chalking. The Florida panels actually rate exactly alike in all respects. The Chicago panels show the possibility of a very alight impzovmeat In clean-up of all test paints, as compared with the guide. 6. 16046-115 F, C and 18502-25 F, C. Two years Florida and Chicago, except six months foT supplementary series. These were put out as a cooperative project with the Pigment Division of da Pont. The deviations from normal performance are so rare that it is not worth while going beyond a very general description in this report. The paints included are based on Rex 471 SWF Gloss White and Rex 456 Fume Resisting, using blmids of du Pont'8 titanium pigsents FF, ICR, R 610 end R 27; also several tint bases shaded to Rex 465 Colonial fellow and Rex 474 Chelsea Gray, using (a) R 60 with mapieslum sili cate, (b) R 610 with same and (c,d) R 60 and R 610 with calcium car bonate. du Pont prepared paints in both whites and tints comparing similar titanium oontsnts and also featuring comparisons of (a) cur bodied oil against theirs, (b) calcium carbonate in whites as veil as tints, (c) mechanical mixture as vail as co-fUmed leaded zinc and (d) their TT-P-25A type zincless primer. 0007-SWP-044192 0007-SWP-000113562 ' <TV #97 - Cent. Faint Research January, 1954 -28- 1 great deal of information on minor trends oontlnuaa to ba learned from Hila sarlaa. Tha only trends approaching major importanca arsi (a) dirtiness in du Font's shita using calcium carbonate, (b) tbs same in most formulas carrying R 27, (c) good clean-up with larger proportions of FT anatase titanium, (d) better resistance to chemical fading of dn Font's tints, but not necessarily less chalk-masking or dirt and (s) batter color with CaC03 than with magnesium silicate, bat more serious checking. 9. 16158-65 f, C. 24 months vertical south Florida, 22 months vertical south and north Chicago. Comparing Laminar (ground oyster shells) from Laminar Calcium Corporation against 2507 dry U mica, suppledanting 20 dry magnesium silicate in Rax 471 SVF Gloss White Card 62. At one year, there was no failure and little if any choice between the rwgilsr and special paints. At two years there is slight failure in the form of scattered cracks on the repaint work at both locations. However, no choice can be made between the Laminar and mica, and tha regular is very closaly similar. All look silks, clem and white. 10. 16180-5 F, C. 24 months vertical south Florida and 22 months south and north vertical Chicago. Comparing regular (2) raw linseed oil in SWP does White versus ATM-65 unbodied linseed extracted ty the mixed solvent process in the Vegetable Predicts Research Laboratory. Also Tegular (510) bodied linseed versus a special made from the aame (44) alkali refined linseed except that tha bodying was dona without first refrigerating and bleaching the (44). At one year it was reported that all tha paints looked very closely alike. At two years, the only dif ference is very slightly more dirt on the special (510), at Florida. At Chicago, there is no choice whatever. As mmitloned before, this similarity in performance is more or loss to be expected, since the substitution of special oil is only partial in each case. 11. 17920-7 F, C. 12 months south vertical Florida, 14 months south and north vertical Chicago. Comparing Rex 10 Farm, Ranch and Plantation White with Rax 471 SWP dose White Card 65 and Rex 456 SWP Fume Resist ing White Carl 19. Rex 10 Card 9 carries no load, contains 150 pounds 2059 dry sine oxide, 200 pounds Z132 dry titanium calcium, with the balance extender, the vehicle having linseed oil plus 21 gallons of (6107) maleic rosin linseed varnish. Tha points are exposed on both cedar and white pine, both self-primed and over 450 Dndercoater. Rax 456 tends to be a little whiter and cleaner than Rax 471 at tills stag*; neither shows any film failure. Rex 10 looks definitely poor in all oases, mainly because of dirt collection and mildew. Although very alow In chalking, it is low in gloss. It shows serious checking at all locations, and serious cracking and even flaking on Chieagp south panels. The durability on cedar is hardly satisfactory, and certainly not on white pine. 0007-SWP-044193 0007-SWP-000113563