Document 7M421e32kR7rE3Z3R5aO58JnV

1910..93a T.lOLE G-3--Mr'EJUL DV5-* cuosunce Mppc/ M* cuivi' Crv?t3llini!: ifuartz -.respirable)............... 2M 1 lOmg-M'' TciU:-5 *7 510,-2 Quartz (total dust)..................................... 3umc;M Cr:;tohalit<!: U<e 'i the ralue calculated from ;h* count or mass formulae !or quartz. Tri'ivmite: tr;e i< the raiue tai.-ulared from the for mulae (or quartz. Amorphous, including natural diatomacoous earth.................. <1.5:0,-2 -1 SOrsg.M* `r-iO; Silicates '!** than 11 crys talline silica/: ,, Mica...'.................................. .;->&ptone............................... Talcinon-asbestos-form- .. 20* Talc ffibrous). Use asbestos umlt ............................ Trernolite (see talc, fibrous. Portland cement.......................... Oraohite (naturall........................... Cool dus 11 respirable (racttca iess than 51 SiO.-i...................................... For more than 51 SiO:................................. S** 15 2. img/MJ or lOtng.'M* Inert or Nuisance Dust: Respirable fraction............... Total dust....................................... 1510--2 15 3me M1 50 I5mg/MJ Note: Conversion factors-- mppcfx35.3-ajillion parttc::-; per cubic meter -particles per c.:. Millions of particles per -.uhic foot of air. based on Impnger samples counted by .:?nt-fleld technics. < The percertage of crystalline Silica in the formula Is the amount determined (rata air-borne samples, ex- cept :n those instances ;u wntth other methods have been shown to he applicable. < As determined by the membrane filter method at 30xphase contrast magnification. , Both concentration and percent quartz for tbe appli cation of this limit are to he determined from the fraction passing- *-*ize-selector with me following characteristics: Containing < il quart:::( > H quartz, us* quartz limit. Aerodynamic diameter tumt density sphere) O 2.5 3.5 5.0 to Percent passing selector 90 T5 50 :s 0 The measurements under ".tis note refer to the use of ::i A EC :::-rrum-::t. !( respinbiv fraction of coal u:-: -lete:mi.... . -.vi:i; M F.E the acure eoiTespondnsq : .i_: oi 2.; f-Ig. ,'-i' ::i :l-.r ,e lo; ccai-iust is --5 .Mg-it;. a ly 10.93a Aelsesfoe. a) Definitions. For the purpose of this section. ti> Asbestos" includes chrysoule. amosite. crocidolite. tremolite. ar.thophyllite. and actinolite. t'2> "Asbestos fibers" means asbes: fibers longer than 5 micrometers. ibs Permissible exposure to airbor: concentrations of asbestos fibers--' Standard elective July 7. 1972. T! 8-hour time-weighted average airbor: concentrations of asbestos fibers which any employee may be exposshall not exceed five fibers. 4onger th; 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter air. as determined by the method pr scribed in paragraph (e> of this sectic (21 Standard effective July 1. is: The 3-hour time-weighted average a: borne concentrations of asbestos fib< to which any employee may be expos shall not exceed two fibers, longer th 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter air, as determined by the method pi scribed in paragraph (e) of this sectif (3) Ceiling concentration. No e: ployee shall be exposed at'any time airborne concentrations of asbes' fibers in excess of 10 fibers, longer th 3 micrometers, per cubic centimeter air, as determined by the method p: scribed in paragraph (e) of this sect! (c) Methods of compliance--(1) f gineering methods. <i) Engineering cc trols. Engineering controls, such as. l not limited to. isolation, enclosure. < haust ventilation, and dust collecti shall be used to meet the exposure liir. prescribed in paragraph <b> of t section. (ii> Local exhaust ventilation. 1 Local exhaust ventilation and dust c lection systems shall be designed, cc structed. Installed, and maintained accordance with the American Natio Standard Fundamentals Governing Design and Operation of Local Exha Systems. ANSI Z9.2-1971. which is corporated by reference herein. (b) See $ 1910.6 concerning the av. ability of ANSI Z9.2-1971. and maintenance of a historic file in conr. tion therewith. The address of the An ican National Standards Institute given in 51910.100. (iii) Particular tools. All hand- erated and power-operated tools wt may produce or release asbestos fit in excess of the exposure limits j scribed in paragraph (b) of this sect such as. but not limited to. saws, scoi abrasive wheels, and drills, shall be i tided with local exhaust ventilation . terns in accordance with subdivision of this subparagraph. <2' Wor!: practices--(l) Wet met/: Insofar as practicable, asbestos sksl 1 nn Chaplet XVII--Occupational Safety and Health Admin. 1910.93a means asbestos j micrometers. exposure to airborne r asbestos fibers--<n :e July 7, 1972. The hted average airborne handled, mixed, applied, removed, cut. scored, or otherwise worked in a wet state sufficient to prevent the emission of airborne fibers in excess of the ex posure limits prescribed in paragraph !b> of this section, unless the usefulness tion. and Welfare, under the provisions of 30 CFR Part 11 (37 F.R. 6244, Mar. 25. 1972), and shall be used in accordance with subdivisions <i), (ii>, (iii), and <iv> of this subparagraph. : asbestos fibers to oyee may be exposed five fibers, longer than er cubic centimeter of d by the method pre* aph <e) of this section. effective July 1, 197S. -weighted average airdons of asbestos fibers ;pioyee may be exposed :v.-o fibers, longer than ter cubic centimeter of ed by the method pre> raph (e> of this section. onesntration. No em- exposed at any time to r.t rations of asbestos of 10 fibers, longer than per cubic centimeter of .ed by the method preraph (e) of this section. or compliance--<T) nrv 'D Engineering con trols. such as. but vion. enclosure, ex* j... and dust collection, meet the exposure limits paragraph (b) of this rheusi ventilation. <a) ventilation ar.d dust col* of the product would be diminished thereby. ri) Air purifying respirators. A reusa ble or single use air purifying respirator, (ii> Particular products and opera tions. No asbestos cement, mortar, coat ing, grout, plaster, or similar material containing asbestos shall be removed from bags, cartons, or other containers m which they are shipped, without being either wetted, or enclosed, or ventilated so as to prevent effectively the release of airborne asbestos fibers in excess of the limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. or a respirator described in subdivision (ii) or (iii) of this-subparagraph, shall be used to reduce the concentrations of airborne asbestos fibers in the respirator below the exposure limits prescribe^ in paragraph (b> of this section, when the ceiling or the 8-hour time-weighted aver age airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed no more than 10 times those limits. (ii) Powered air purifying respirators. (iii) Spraying, demolition, or removal. Employees engaged in the spraying of asbestos, the removal, or demolition of pipes, structures, or equipment covered or insulated with asbestos, and in the removal or demolition of asbestos in sulation or coverings shall be provided xnth respiratory equipment in accord ance with paragraph (d)(2)<iii) of this section and with special clothing in ac cordance with paragraph (d) (3) of this section A full facepiece powered air purifying respirator, or a powered air purifying respirator, or a respirator described in subdivision (iii) of this' subparagraph, shall be used to reduce the concentra tions of airborne asbestos fibers in.the respirator below the exposure limits pre scribed in paragraph (b) of this section, when the ceiling or the 8-hour timeweighted average concentrations of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed 10 times, but not 100 times, those limits. ed) Personal protective equipment-- (D Compliance with the exposure limits prescribed by paragraph (b) of this sec tion may not be achieved by the use of respirators or shift rotation of em ployees. except: (iii) Type "C" supplied-air respirators. continuous flow or pressure-demand class. A type "C" continuous flow or pres sure-demand. supplied-air respirator shall be used to reduce the concentra . rhali be designed, cor.'.led. and maintained is h the American National ir.mentals Governing the :eration of Local Exhaust : Z3.2-1971. which is is* reference herein. >10.6 concerning the avail\*SI Z9.2-1971. and the a histone.file, in connec. The address of the Amer* 1 Standards Institute is U> During the time period necessary to, install the engineering controls and to institute the work practices required sy paragraph <c) of this section: 'in In work situations in which the methods prescribed in paragraph <c) of 'his section are either technically not Visible or feasible to an extent insuffltent.to reduce the airborne concentraj.-tons of asbestos fibers below the .limits *Pcrehsocnri:beodr by paragraph (b) of this tions of airborne asbestos fibers in the respirator below the exposure limits pre scribed in paragraph Co) of this section, when the ceiling or the 8-hour time- weighted average airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed 100 times those limits. (iv) Establishment of a respirator pro gram. (a) The employer shall establish a respirator program in accordance with the requirements of .the. American..Na tional Standards Practices for Respira 2.100. cinr fools. AH hand-op* over-operated tools which cr release asbestos fibers the exposure limits ?re* ngraph (b) of this secticr :pt limited to. saws, scorersrls. and drills, shall be pro* :v.i exhaust ventilation sys* with subdivision --ph. ices--i'i) Wet method: . ;...:cabie. asbestos shall iii) In emergencies. iv) Where both respirators and perfinnei rotation are allowed by subdivi'ons a), oi). or Oil) of this subparahaph. and both are practicable, person al rotation shall be preferred and used. 2) Where a respirator is permitted by '^paragraph (1) of this paragraph, it be selected from among those ap- by the Bureau of Mines, Depart-ent of the Interior, or the National In st-awte fiuoir Ouccccuuppaactionail Ssaaffety and 4Seaealtlrhh, Dr\e--p-ar--t-m---e--n-*t of- --Hea-lth- , --Educa- tory Protection, ANSI Z88.2-1969. which is incorporated by reference herein. b. See 31910.6 concerning the avail ability of ANSI Z88.2-1969 and the main tenance of an historic file in connection therewith. The address of the American National Standards Institute is given in 3 1910.100. (c) No employee shall be assigned to tasks requiring the use of respirators if. based upon his most recent examination, an examining physician determines that the employee will be unable to function normally wearing a respirator, or that 97-004--73- 121  1910.93a Title 29--Labor the safety or health of the employee or ( where asbestos fibers are released to other employees will be impaired by his- monitored in such a way as to deterir. use of a respirator. Such employee shall whether every employee's exposure be rotated to another job or given the asbestos fibers is below the limits p opportunity to transfer to a different po scribed in- paragraph *b of this < sition whose duties he is able to perform/ tion. If the limits are exceeded, the < with the same employer, in the same geo-j ployer shall immediately undertaki graphical area and with the same senior-/ compliance program in accordance v ity. status, and rate of pay he had just/ paragraph of this section. prior to such transfer, if such a different ' t2) Personal monitoring--ii) Sc position is available. pies shall be collected from within ' <"3> Special clothing: The employer breathing zone of the employees, shall provide, and require the use of. spe membrane filters of 0.3 micrometer cial clothing, such as coveralls or similar rosity mounted in an open-face fi whole body clothing, head coverings, holder. Samples shall be taken for gloves, and foot coverings for any em determination of the 8-hour tir ployee exposed to airborne concentra weighted average airborne concent tions of asbestos fibers, which exceed the tions and of the ceiling concentration: ceiling level prescribed in paragraph (b) asbestos fibers. of this section. <ii) Sampling frequency and pattei (4) Change rooms: <i) At any fixed After the initial determinations requi place of employment exposed to airborne by subparagraph d) of this paragra concentrations of asbestos fibers in ex samples shall be of such frequency i cess of the exposure limits prescribed in pattern as to represent with reasons paragraph (b) of this section, the em accuracy the levels of exposure of t ployer shall provide change rooms for ployees. In no case shall the sampling employees worlcing regularly at the place. done at intervals greater than 6 mon (ii) Clothes lockers: The employer for employees whose exposure to ashes shall provide two separate lockers or con may reasonably be foreseen to exc tainers for each employee, so separated the limits prescribed by paragraph or isolated as to prevent contamination of this section. of the employee's street clothes from his <3) Environmental monitoring-- work clothes. samples shall be collected from areas (iii) Laundering: (a) Laundering of a work environment which are represe asbestos contaminated clothing shall be ative of the airborne concentrations done so as to prevent the release of air asbestos fibers which may reach borne asbestos fibers in excess of the ex breathing zone of employees. Samp posure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) shall be collected on a membrane fi.' of this section. of 0.8 micrometer porosity mounted <b> Any employer who gives asbestos- an open-face filter holder. Samples si contaminated clothing to another person be taken for the determination of the for laundering shall inform such person hour time-weighted average airbo of the requirement in (a) of this subdi concentrations and of the ceiling c vision to effectively prevent the release centrations of asbestos' fibers. of airborne asbestos fibers in excess of (ii) Sampling frequency and patte the exposure limits prescribed in para After the initial determinations requ graph (b) of this section. by subparagraph (I) o: this paragrc (c) Contaminated clothing shall be samples shall be of such frequency transported in sealed impermeable bags, pattern as to represent with reason: or other closed, impermeable containers, accuracy the levels ox exposure ox and labeled in accordance with para employees. In no case shall sampling graph 'g) of this section. at intervals greater than 6 months (e> Method of measurement. All de employees whose exposures to asbe terminations of airborne concentrations may reasonably be foreseen to exc of asbestos fibers shall be made by the the exposure limits prescribed in pc membrane filter method at 400-450 X graph > b i of this section. magnification) (4 millimeter objective) <4) Employee observation of mon: !th phase contrast illumination. ing. Affected employees, or their : (f) Monitoring--(1) Initial determi resentatives. shall be given a reason nations. Within 6 months of the publi opportunity to observe any monito cation .of this section, every employer required by this paragraph and shall 1 shall cause every place of employment access to the records thereof. fibers are released to be :h a way as to deternua* employee's exposure tq is below the limits pr*. .graph < b> of this sects are exceeded, the ea. '.mediately undertake ;ram in accordance tvith of this section. monitoring--'i> Sam. jllected from within the of the employees, on ts of 0.8 micrometer po. in an open-face filter ; shall be taken for the of the 8-hour timege airborne concentreceiling concentrations o ; frequency and patterns, determinations required h a) of this paragraph, e of such frequency and "present with reasonable :vels of exposure of emase shall the sampling be 15 "'eater than 6 months 'xposure to asbestos foreseen to exceed ...bed by paragraph tb* nental monitoring--*i* e collected from areas ol r.ent which are representrborne concentrations at which may reach tit e of employees. Samples ted on a membrane filter eter porosity mounted it liter holder. Samples shaii te determination of the 8* ighted average airborne ; and of the ceding conasbestos fibers. ig frequency and pattern; a; determinations required ph (1) of this paragraph be of such frequency art represent with reascna'c-t levels of exposure of tit r.o case shall sampling rreater than 6 months ic: rose exposures to asces-bly be foreseen to excflimits prescribed in Par:' this section. "hservation o; monitc* ioyees. or their te n be given a reascr.a'c-: observe any monitor'-'- paragraph and shall b3'1 cords thereof. Chopter XVII--Occupational Safety and Health Admin. I910.93a (g) Caution signs and labels. '1> Cau tion signs, fi) Posting. Caution signs shall be provided and displayed at each location where airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers may be in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph tb> of this section. Signs shall be posted at such a distance from such a location so that an employee may read the signs and take necessary protective steps be fore entering the area marked by the signs. Signs shall be posted at all ap proaches to areas containing excessive concentrations of airborne asbestos fibers. tii) Sign specifications. The warning signs required by subdivision <i> of this subparagraph shall conform to the re quirements of 20" x 14" vertical format signs specified in 5 1910.145<d> <4). and to this subdivision. The signs shall dis play the following legend in the lower panel, with letter sizes and styles of a visibility at least equal to that specified in this subdivision. Legend Asbestos ____________ Dust Hazard. Avoid Breathing Dust__ Wear Assigned Protective Equipment. Do Not Remain In Area Unless Tour Work Re quires It. -Breathing Asbestos Dust May Be Hazardous To Your Health. Notation 1" Saas Serif. Gothic or Block. Sans Serif. Gothic or Block. >; " Gothic. V4 " Gothic. M " Gothic. 14 point Gothic. Spacing between lines shall be at least equal to the height of the upper of any two lines. (2) Caution labels--(1) Labeling. Cau tion labels shall be affixed to all raw materials, mixtures, scrap, waste, debris, and other products containing asbestos fibers, or to their containers, except that no label is required where asbestos fibers have been modified by a bonding agent, coating, binder, or other material so that during any reasonably foreseeable use, handling, storage, disposal, processing, or transportation, no airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph `b i of this section will be released. ' ii) Label specifications. The caution labels required by subdivision 'i) ol this subparagraph shall be pnnted in letters of sufficient size and contrast as to be readily visible and legible. The label shall state: Cactio.v Contains Asbestos Fibers Avoid Creating Dus: Breathing Asbestos Dust May Cause Serious.Bodily Harm <h) Housekeeping--(li Cleaning. All external surfaces in any place of employ ment shall be maintained free of accu mulations of asbestos fibers if. with their dispersion, there would be an excessive concentration. (2i Waste disposal. Asbestos waste, scrap, debris, bags, containers, equip ment. and asbestos-contaminated cloth ing, consigned for disposal, which may produce in any reasonably foreseeable use. handling, storage, processing, dis posal. or transportation airborne concen trations of asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph *'b> of this section shall be collected and disposed of in sealed impermeable* bags, or other closed, impermeable containers. ri) Recordkeeping--ri; Exposure rec ords. Every employer shall maintain rec ords of any personal or environmental monitoring required by this section. Rec ords shall be maintained for a period of at least 3 years and shall be made avail able upon request to the Assistant Secre tary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, the Director of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, and to authorized representa tives of either. (2) Employee access. Every employee and former employee shall have reason able access to any record required to be maintained by subparagraph (1) of this paragraph, which indicates the em ployee's own exposure to asbestos fibers. (3) Employee notification. Any em ployee found to have been exposed at any time to airborne concentrations of asbes tos fibers in excess of the limits pre scribed in paragraph (b) of this section shall be notified in writing of the expo sure as soon as practicable but not later than 5 days of the finding. The employee shall also be timely notified of the cor rective action being taken. J> Medical examinations--(1) Gen eral. The employer shall provide or make available at his cost, medical examina tions relative to exposure to asbestos re quired by this paragraph. 12) Preplacement. The employer shall provide or make available to each of his employees, within 30 calendar days fol- 123  1910.93b Title 29--Labor lowing his first employment in an occupation exposed to r.irboine con centrations of asbestos fibers, a compre hensive medical examination, which shall include, as a minimum, a chest roent genogram (posterior-anterior 14 x 17 inches), a history to elicit symptom atology of respiratory disease, and pulmonary function tests to include forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEVt.,). (3) Annual examinations. On or be fore January 31, 1973, and at least an nually thereafter, every employer shall provide, or make available, comprehen sive medical examinations to each of his employees engaged in occupations ex posed to airborne concentrations of as bestos fibers. Such annual examination shall include, as a minimum, a chest roentgenogram (posterior-anterior 14 x 17 inches), a history to elicit symptom atology of respiratory disease, and pulmonary function tests to include forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEVz.). (4) Termination of employment. The employer shall provide, or make avail able. within 30 calendar days before or after the termination of employment of any employee engaged in an occupation exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers, a comprehensive medical examination which shall include, as a minimum, a chest roentgenogram (pos terior-anterior 14 x 17 inches), a history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, and pulmonary function tests to include forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEVx.,). (5) Recent examinations. No medical examination is required of any em ployee, if adequate records show that the employee has been examined in ac cordance with this paragraph within the past 1-year period. (6) Medical records--(i) Mainte nance. Employers of employees examined pursuant to this paragraph shall cause to be maintained complete and accurate records of all such medical examina tions. Records shall be retained by employers for at least 20 years. (ii) Access. The contents of the rec ords of the medical examinations required by this paragraph shall be made available, for inspection and copying, to the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, the Director of NIOSH. to authorized physi cians and medical consultants of either of them, and, upon the request of an em ployee or former employee, to his physi cian. Any physician who conducts medical examination required by thi paragraph shall furnish to the employe of the examined employee all the infor mation specifically required by thi paragraph, and any other medical in formation related to occupational ex posure to asbestos fibers. 1910.93b Coal tar pitch volatiles; in terpretation of term. As used in 1910.93 (Table G-l), coa tar pitch volatiles include the fused poly cyclic hydrocarbons which volatile from the distillation residues of coal petroleum, wood, and other organic mat ter. (Sec. 8(g). 84 Stat. 1600. 29 U.S.C. 657) [3` FR 24749. Nov. 21.1972] 1910.93c Carcinogens. (&) Scope and application.--This sec tion applies to any activity in which z carcinogen is manufactured; processed used, repackaged, released, handled, oi otherwise present in any manner.' (b) Definitions.-- 1) "Carcinogen' means any of the substances listed be low, or compositions containing such substances, but does not include com positions containing less than 1 percent by weight of the listed carcinogens: Com pound No. Chemicals Chemical abstracts royutrv Xo. 1> ............... 2-Acttylaminofluorone................. 4-Aminodipheuvl......................... 3............... Benzidine (and its salts).............. 4............... 3.3'-Dichloroberuxdine laud its salts). s............... 4-Dimethylaminonzobenzene.... G............... alpha-Xaptithylanune.................. beta-Naphthyiatmne.................... 8.............. 4-Nitrobiphenyl............... .............. 9............... X-Xitrosodimethvlasune........... 10............. beta-Propiolactone....................... a............. bis-Chloromeihvl ether................ 12............. Methyl Chloromethvl ether........ 13............. 4.4`-Methyienetbii/-2-uhloroam- Jine. 14............. ECsyleneimine____ . ..... ., jy>3 M071 yjsTi W.-41 <50117 13432T jiy^ -2233 irssra:? i42Ssl l<jT3i.-2 10114-i 1S15&4 (2) "Controlled area" means an area to which access is restricted and con trolled by the employer. (3) "Decontamination" means the re moval or chemical neutralization of a carcinogen to a form that is either nontoxic or not capable of easy absorption into the body. (4) "Present" includes manufactured, processed, used, repackaged, released, handled, or otherwise present. 124