Document 71vRD4g9DR0gnpk7XaK7NbQbg

4 1CS0C ' ' PROPOSED RULES (c) The Deputy Administrator. Vet have been occupationally related. As a the level frqin a ceiling of 500 ppm to 50 erinary Services, ui>on request to him. result of this notification and after con ppm ceiling. It was-exprcssly recognized may approve other identification systems sultation with the National Institute for that tills standard limiting exposures to r v in specific eases and under such condi Occupational Safely and Health a 50 ppm level was Intended to be a ten tions os lie may prescribe 1f he detcr- (NIOSH). and a joint Inspection of the tative. interim standard, to be in effect mines that, such systems provide the plant by OSHA. NIOSH, and the Ken no longer than six months, during which necessary information to allow for trace- tucky Department of Labor, a fact-find lime tlic whole question of possible safe back of the swine to their herd of origin. ing hearing on possible hazards involved exposure to VC would be reconsidered Any person who wishes to submit writ with the manufacture and use of VC more fully and in the light of more in ten data, views or arguments concerning was announced on January 30, 1974 (39 formation, especially results of experi the proposed amendment may do so by FR 3874) and held on February 15, 1974. ments wliich were known to be under filing them with Deputy Administrator. 2. Carcinogenicity of VC. Information way at that time. Veterinary Services. Animal and Plant produced at this hearing demonstrated 4, Additional information. On April 15, Health Inspection Service. U.S. Depart that exposure of laboratory animals 1974. information and data were pre ment of Agriculture, Hyattsville. Mary-, (mostly Spraguo-Dawley rats) to VC by sented to representatives of OSHA. land 20702 before August 12, 1074. inhalation at and below the then current NIOSH and the EPA by the Industrial All written submissions made pursuant OSHA standard of 500 ppnt Induced Bio-Test Laboratories, Northbrook, Illi to this notice will be made available for public inspection at tile Federal Build ing. 0505 Bclcrest Road. Room 870, 'Hyattsville. Maryland 20782. during reg ular hours of business (8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., Monday to Friday, except holidays) in a manner convenient to the public business (7 CFR 1.27(b)). Comments submitted should bear a reference to the date and page number of this issue In the Federal Recister. tumors, including angiosarcomas of the liver. Professor Cesare Maltonl, of the Instituto dl Oncologla,- Bologna, Italy, reported on a series of experiments on the effect of exposure of rats, mice, and hamsters to VC at concentrations of 10,000; 6.000; 2,500; 500; 250; and 50 ppm for varying periods of time (TR43-C3), Some of the experiments have been concluded, and others are still on going. The experimental results reported nois, concerning results of animal ex posure studies with VC, sponsored by the Manufacturing Chemists Association (MCA); Although only preliminary in nature, these results revealed that 2 out ol 200 mice exposed to VC concentrations of 50 ppm for 7 hours a day, five days a week, for approximately 7 months, de veloped angiosarcomas of the liver. The Industrial Bio-Test Lab data in dicate that exposure to VC at 50 ppm Done at Washington. D.C., this 7ih were that tumors have been observed In may well constitute a serious health haz day of May 1974. groups of animals exposed to VC at con ard to employees. Also, the question of a PierrE A. Ciialoux, Acting Deputy Administrator, . ; ' Veterinary Services, Animal . ' and Plant Health Inspection Service; centrations as low as 250 ppm. No tumors were observed in the group of animals exposed to VC at a concentration of 50 ppm. It also appears that the total num ber ol tumors, as well as the numbers of angiosarcomas of the liver, decreased safe level of exposure for humans can not be determined at this time, and may continue as a matter for scientific de liberation for many years. We therefore conclude that it is now necessary to pro pose to change the 50 ppm level estab |JTt Doc.74-10882 Filed 5-9-74;8:45 am) as the concentrations of VC were reduced lished In the ETS to as low a level as can to 250 ppm. Another experiment by Pro be delected using methodologies outlined ; DEPARTMENT OF LABOR Occupational Safety and Health Administration fessor Maltonl was reported underway In tliis proposal, Involving the exposure of 300 animals (5) The proposed permanent standard. to VC at concentrations of 50 ppm, in The requirements for a complete stand order to assess In a more definitive way ard under section 6(b) of the Occupa [29 CFR Part 1910] whether that level of exposure produces tional Safety and Health Act of 1970 [Docket OS1I-3G1 tumors in animals. Data reported by are much more comprehensive than the Torkelson, Oycu and Rowe (American provisions of the ETS promulgated on .VINYL CHLORIDE Industrial Hygiene Association J 22: 254- April 5. The following proposals arc re ' Proposed Standard . 1. Background. Vinyl chloride (clilorocthenc) Chemical Abstracts Service Registry No. 75015, is a synthetic chemi cal made by oxychloiinatlon of ethylene or by hydrochlorinntion of acetylene. It Is the parent compound of a series of ihemoplastic resin polymers and co polymers which arc widely used for con tainers. wrapping film, electrical insula tion, pipe, conduit, and a variety of other products. Vinyl chloride has been made commercially in this country since 1939 and present production is .in excess, of seven billion pounds per year. Vinyl chloride (VC) is a gas at am bient temperature and pressure and is a chlorinated hydrocarbon which has moderate liver toxicity. The previous standard set a celling value of 500 parts 361 (1901)) Indicate that exposure to VC at concentrations of 50 ppm failed to Induce tumors in rats, hamsters, rabbits, and dogs. ' The employees of the B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company who died from angio sarcoma of the liver had an average ex posure of approximately 19 years to vinyl chloride, at unknown concentrations, and variable exposures to other volatile chemicals. <TR 93), Some employees of Union Carbide, Firestone Tire and Rub ber, and Goodyear were also reported in post-hearing comments to have had ex posure to vinyl chloride and to have died from angiosarcoma of the liver. Finally, autopsies of four deceased employees re vealed their liver angiosarcoma tumors wero liistologically indistinguishable from the angiosarcoma tumors observed in Professor Maltoai's experimental sponsive to the additional information on the carcinogenicity of VC, and the requirements of the Act. a. Level of exposure. The propose standard for employee cxiiosuro s I a no delectable level, ns dcLcnnu.V'l i.y x sampling and analytical method mpaMc of detecting vinyl chloride at concentra tions of X ppm with an accuracy of 1 ppmaso percent. Although more sensi tive methods rp^y-h^availahle now or' In ULcfulurc^the methodological .sensitivity proposed to hri the most foasihie and generally available. A method of 1 ppin sensitivity has been recommended to OSHA by NIOSH. To minimize the number of persons at risk, a require ment would be established for regulating areas where vinyl chloride is manufac tured, reacted, stored, handled, released.* repackaged, or used. Including opera per million (ppm) (29 CFR 1910.93, Table G-l). animals. 3. The Emergency Temporary Stand On January 22. 1974, the Occupational ard. On the basis of all information Safety and Health Administration available at that time, and tiro fact that tOSHA) was informed by the National employees were being exposed at levels Institute for Occupational Safety and around tire experimentally observed cf- Health (NIOSHi that the B. F, Good ' feet level of 250 ppm, an Emergency tions with polyvinyl chloride containing delectable levels of vinyl chloride. Access to the areas would be limited to author ized employees. 'li. nloniloring, A program of monitor ing would be required to establish whether there are detectable levels in / rich Chemical Company reported that Teinisorary Standard (ETS) was promul regulated areas and to permit determina deaths of several of its employees from gated on April 5, 1571 (39 FR 12342) ns tion of employee exposures on an In a rare liver cancer (angiosarcoma) may 29 CFR 1910.93q. This standard reduced dividual basis. Provision would also be FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 91--FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1974 GENC 014298 PROPOSED RULES . -1681)7 trade lor an opportunity to observe monitoring by employees or their dcsig* nated representatives, as required by seci, tlon 8(c)(3) of the Act. . ' 'C, Control methods. Where detectable "levels of VC are monitored, two pro- trams would be triggered: an engineer ing and work practice program to reduce levels below detectability; and while this - Is on-going, a respiratory protection pro gram for employees in the regulated area. : Engineering controls and work prac" lices are favored methods of compliance .because they tend to avoid contamma_Uon of the ambient air in the workplace. "Accordingly, it Is proposed to require the Institution of engineering controls and -of workpractice methods as soon .as fcasi-tie, and to require the use of respirators ;pending the institution of such controls, * to supplement such controls where they ' are insufficient to reduce concentrations "of vinyl chloride below the detectable "level, in specified work situations, and in cases of emergency. The proposal for continuous flow and pressure demand types of respirators is based on the rec ommendations of NlOSI-f, which has ob served leakage through chemical car tridge respirators at high concentrations zof VC. "- A requirement would also be estab lished for the provision and use of pro tective clothing for employees In the reg ulated areas. The protective clothing would minimize skin contact with VC vapor, and would provide some measure of protection from splash of liquid in the event of a spill or rupture of equip ment. Fooci. beverages, and like products would be prohibited in the regulated area. Written operational and emergency plans would be required, along with em ployee training in routine and emergency duties. Specific requirements would be established for emergency actions and .for routine maintenance and decontami nation operations, Including vessel entry, which are known to present particular hazards, , The purposes of operational and emer gency plans and training are to apprise employees of the hazards to which they may be exposed, of tire precautions they must take to avoid such hazards, and to rehearse employees in the procedures .they must follow In emergencies." D. Medical surveillance. Comprehen sive requirements for employee medical examinations are proposed, including necessary tests. Some additional guid ance is included for the convenience of physicians. The proposed requirements have been recommended to OSHA by KIOSH as reasonably appropriate to de tect liver dysfunction which may be in dicative of. or predisposing to, the de velopment of liver angiosai comas. E. Records and reports. Records of monitoring, medical examinations, and entry to regulated areas are proposed, with provision for access by appropriate OSHA and NIOSII officials. Specific pro visions for employee access to monitoring records arc included, as well as the re quirement to furnish a copy of a medical record to an employee's physician on the (5) "Decontamination" means reduc- cinployec's request. Establislimcnts con- tlon of viriyl chlorrehr concentrations to ducting VC operations would bo required less than detectable levels, to identify themselves to OSHA, and tof "(6) `^Detectable level" means an air- report incidents (accidents) resulting ini borne concentration of vinyl chloride* the release of vinyl chloride. 1 measurable by a sampling and analytical Accordingly, pursuant to sections 6<b). 1 method capable of measuring conccntra- G(c>. and 8(c) of the Occupational I lions of 1 ppm, with an accuracy of 1 Safety and Health Act of 1970 (84 Stat. | ppm50 percent, *-- 1593. 1596, 1599: 29 U.S.C. G55, G57). Sec- " (7) "Director" means the Director. Na- l-ctary of Labor's Order No. 12-71 (3G FR tlonal Institute for Occupational Safety 8754) and 29 CFR Part 1011. it Is here and Health, or any person directed by by proposed to amend 29 CFR Part 1910 him or the Secretary of Health. Educa by revising 1910.93q as set forth below. tion, and Welfare to act for the Director. Written datn. views, and arguments (8) "Emergency" means an unforseen concerning the proposals may be mailed circumstance or set of circumstances, re to the Docket Officer, Docket OSH-36, sulting In the release of vinyl chloride Room 230. 1726 M Street, N.W., Occupa Into areas occupied by employees. tional Safety- and Health Administra (9) "Exposure" means actual contact tion. Washington, D.C. 20210, post with vinyl chloride when unprotected by marked not later than June 10, 1974. required personal protective equipment Pursuant to 29 CFR 1911.11 (b) and and clothing. (c), Interested persons may flic objec (10) "Fabricated product" means a tions to the proposals, requesting an in finished product or part of such product, formal hearing with respect thereto, in made of polyvinyl chloride, entirely or In accordance with the following condi part. Including semifinished products tions: such as film, sheet, block, bar, or extru (1) The objections must Include the sion slock. name and address of the objector; (11) "OSHA Area Director" means the (2) The objections must be post Director for the Occupational Safety and marked on or before June 10, 1974: Health Administration Area Office hav (3) The objections must specify the ing jurisdiction over the geographic area provisions of the proposed rule to which in wliich the establishment Is located. objection is taken, and must state the (12) "Polyvinyl chloride" means poly grounds therefor; vinyl chloride homopolymer or copol (4) Each objection must be separately ymer before such is converted to a fab stated and numbered: and ricated product. (5) The objections must be accom (13) t "Protective clothing" means panied by a summary of the evidence clothing protective against vinyl chlo proposed to be adduced at the requested ride. hearing. (14) "vinyl chloride" means vinyl As revised, 5 1910.D3q would read as chloride monomer. follows: (15) "Waste resin" means any resin 1910.')3q Vinyl Chloride, .. or other reaction products removed m the cleaning of equipment, such as ves (a) Scope and application. (1) This sels and piping. section applies to any area or operation (c) Reference. College of American liLAvhieh vinyl chloride (chlorocthenc). Pathologists, 230 N. Michigan Ave., Chi Chemical Abstracts Service Registry No. cago. Illinois 60G01. 75015, is_manufactured, reacted, re (4) Regulated areas. (1) A regulated leased. rcpacTcaged" stored, or usedrm- area shall be established where (I) vinyl cludiiig areas an"3 operations involving chloride Is manufactured, reacted, rg."` polyvinyl chloride where detectable levels of vinyl chloridc~arc released .(2) This section docs not apply to the leased, repackaged,'stoi'etl/'dT'.tgiiia:`'be'1 (ii) polyvinyl chloride "capable' of 'rdleagins detectable levels of vinyl cnio- handling or use of fabricated products ride is manufactured, reacted, released, made entirely or In part of polyvinyl repackaged, stored, or used. chloride. (b) Definitions. (1) "Assistant Secre tary" means the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S. Department of Labor or his designee. (2) "Authorized employee" means an employee whose duties require him to be in the regulated area and who has been specifically assigned by the employer; and any employee who enters such ail (2) Access to regulated areas shall be ` limited to authorized employees. (3) A daily roster of employees enter-. ing regulated areas shall be made and maintained. Tlic rosters, or summaries thereof, shall be kept for at least 20 years. (e) Monitoring. (1) Every regulated area shall be monitored for detectable levels of, vinyl chloride. area as a designated representative of employees to exercise an opportunity to - (2) The monitoring shall assure that any exposure may bo determined for observe monitoring and measuring of each authorized employee with a cor.Pi- vinyl clUoridc. -drnce level of 95 percent. (3) "Closed container" means any (3) Employees or their designated rep container wliich prevents the release of resentatives shall be afforded an oppor vinyl chloride to Iho environment. tunity to observe monitoring and measur (4) "Contaminated" means capable ing required by this paragraph. of releasing a detectable level of vinyl (i) Where exercise of an opportunity chloride. .. , . \ requires entry to an area where the uso No. 02--pt. i-----10 FEOERAL REGISTER, VOL. 39, NO. 92--FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1974 V '1 M'.' ` :!.< :i *: . .; i y / 1CS9S , PROPOSED .RULES I .of protective clothing, equipment, fa cilities, or procedures Is required, such clothing, equipment, facilities, and pro cedures shall be provided to all persons entitled to exercise the opportunity, at no cost to any of them. <ii) Persons exercising the opportu nity shall be instructed regarding: (A) The toxicity and fire hazard of vinyl chloride; and (2) Tlfcrc shall be tests made for process or equipment leaks and for emis sion of vinyl chloride which may result from workpractices. The frequency of these tests shall be such as to insure the Integrity of equipment and adherence to proper workpractices. (g) Respiratory protection. (1) A res piratory protection program in accord ance with 5 1010.134 shall be established (J):Emergency situations, (l) a wri: ten operational plan tor cmcrgcnc situations shall be developed for cac regulated area, (2) In the event of an emergency, ip propriate portions of the plan shall t put Into operation. (1) Hazardous conditions created t the emergency shall be eliminated ar the affected area shall be decontam- Oil The protective steps and measures and implemented where respirators are nated prior to the resumption of norm, necessary for their protection. required to bo used by this section. operations. (ill) Observers shall be permitted. (2) Respirators shall be used only In (ii) Special medical surveillance by ' without Interference to the persons per cases of emergency and where required physician shall bo instituted within 14 forming,the monitoring and measuring, by any other provision of this section. hours for employees present in the a.' .. to: i ' Respirators may not be used in lieu of footed area at the time of the emcrgcnc ' ' (A) Observe all steps and procedures related to the collecting, processing, and evaluation of particular monitoring and measurement' samples; (B) Record quantities and results 'obtained;' ` (C) Observe the condition of monitor feasible engineering controls or work. practice methods. (31 Respirators or' combinations of respirators for protection against vinyl chloride shall' be selected from among the following: (1) A positive pressure full facepiece .self-contained breathing apparatus; (iii) Where an employee has a knor. contact with liquid vinyl chloride sue employee shall be required to shower ; soon as possible, unless contraLndicat.. by physical injuries. (iv) . An Incident report on the eme gency shall be reported os required paragraph (q) (2) of this section. ing and measuring equipment; (ii) A pressure-demand full facepiece (3) Each authorized employee sh: (D)vReceive a demonstration of the self-contained breathing apparatus op be trained in a program relating to t; calibration and function tests of the erating in the pressure-demand mode; hazards of vinyl chloride and the p: monitoring and measuring equipment (iii) A combination type "C" pressure- cautions for safe use. ' performed on site; and demand full facepiece respirator oper (i) The program shall include: (E) Examine instructions and docu ating in the pressure-demand mode and (A) The nature of tile fire hazard, a: ments related to the procedures and a "pressure-demand self-contained the necessary protective steps: equipment for monitoring and.measur breathing apparatus operating in the (B) The nature of the toxic haza: y-g ing. -' pressure-demand mode; or . i - (4) Accurate and complete records of all required monitoring shall be made \ ' (Iv) A combination ous flow respirator type and "C" continu a pressure- . and maintained for not less than 20 demand self-contained breathing ap years. Such a record shall U) state the paratus operating in the pressure-de date of.such monitoring and the levels determined: and (ii) Identify the instru ments and methods used, (/) Engineering controls and work- mand mode. (h) Protective clothing. (1) Employees entering regulated areas shall be pro vided full-body protective clothing, foot vracticc methods. (1) Where detectable levels of vinyl chloride arc measured, wear or shoo covers, and gloves, at no cost to them, and required to wear it . immediate protection shall be provided against exposure to vinyl chloride by the while in the regulated area. (2) Where polyvinyl chloride powder use of engineering controls, workpractice methods, and respirators as follows: containing dctccLablc levels of vinyl chloride Is handled, employees shall (i) Feasible engineering controls and also be: workpractice methods shall immediately be used to reduce airborne conccntra. tionx of vinvl chloride Tielow the detect. ablfiJcusli (ii) Wherever feasible engineering controls and workpractice methods which can be instituted immediately are not sufficient to reduce concentrations of ii) Provided and required to wear headcovcilngs; (11) Required to remove all protective clothing at each exit from the regulated area; and fill) Required to shower after the last exit of the day. vinyl chloride below the detectable level, (3) Clean protective clothing shall be they shall nonetheless be used to reduce provided whenever contaminated or the concentrations to the lowest prac soiled, but not less frequently than ticable level, and shall be supplemented weekly. Contaminated clothing shall be by means of respirators in accordance decontaminated before reuse by removal with paragraph, (g) of this section; for laundering or disposal. (lii) Wherever no feasible engineering (1) Hygiene Jacililics and practices. control or workpractice method can bo (1) Where employees arc required by instituted immediately, immediate res this section to wear protective clothing piratory protection shall be provided ill and equipment, change rooms shall including local and systemic effee acuto and chronic effects include specifically the carcinogenic hazard; <C> The specific nature of operatic which could result in exposure to vu chloride, and necessary protective sic; (D) The purpose for and applicai; of the medical surveillance proginm; (E) The purpose for and applica;; of decontamination practices; (F) The purpose for and signifies:1 of emergency practices and prcccdur- (G) The employee's specific role ur.. normal operating or emergency ccr. tlons; (II) Specific information to aid 1 employee in recognition and cvahin: of conditions and situations whic . result In the release of vinyl chlond (1) The purpose for and applicai. of specific first aid procedures and pr: tices; (J) A review of this standard at ' employee's first training and indeef nation program and annually thereat; (ii) All materials relating to the r gram shall be provided upon reques; authorized representatives of the Ass. ant Secretary and the Director. (k) Siyns and '.abets. (1) Entrance, regulated areas shall be posted with s:, bearing the legend; CANCER-SUSPlX'T AGENT AREA AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY accordance with paragraph (g) of this bo provided in accordance .with (2) Areas containing operations c section; and 5 1010.141(c). crcd In paragraph (k) (1) (4) of tins ; (iv) In any case covered by paragraph (f)(1) (ii) or (hi) of tills section, the (2) Where employees arc required by tills section to shower, shower facilities tion shall be posted with signs beai tiro legend: employer shall also undertake as soon as shall bo provided in accordance with cancer-suspect agent ln Tins a:, practicable a program to reduce airborne { 1910.141(d) (3). full impervious aih-suitued lqu concentrations of vinyl chloride below (3) Storage or consumption of food the detectable level, or to the greatest or beverages, storage or use of smoking MENT REQUIRED AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY extent feasible, solely by means of onni- or non-food chewing products, and the (3) Containers of waste or other ;. peering controls and workpractice meth storage or application of cosmetics are tennis contaminated with vinyl chlo: ods and as soon as feasible. prohibited In regulated areas. shall bo labeled: FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 39, NO. 92--FRIDAY, MAY 1 0, 197 A GtNC 014300 3 PROPOSED RULES 16S90 V.vmVL CHLORIDE CONTAMINATED Cli) When vessels arc to be entered, all . (1) Alcohol intake- - MATERIAL piping to such vessel shall be: (ii) Past history of hepatitis; ' CANCER-SUSI'F.CT ACF.NT (A) Opened, blanked and tagged; or (ili) Past exposure to potential hepa- V DISPOSE OP OH DECONTAMINATE USING , `^.AUTHORIZED PRECEDURES (B) Where welded piping is in use, not less than 2 valves in series, which isolate totoxic agents, chemicals; Including drugs and , 1 (4) Containers of polyvinyl chloride tho vessel from any other connection to (iv) Past history . of blood' transfu . containing detectable levels of vinyl such line, must be closed and secured. sions; and chloride shall be labeled: (fill No employee shall enter a vessel, (v) Past history of hospitalizations. ' POLYVINYL CHLORIDE - CONTAINS VINYL CHLORIDE VINYL CHLORIDE IS A except when another employee properly <3) At the time of Initial employment. trained and equipped for entry is pres or upon institution of screening, a serum ent and is observing the employee in the specimen shall bo obtained for screening CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT vessel. Tho observer shall have means with respect to the following bio-chemi . ABSORBED BY BREATHING AND for signalling for help in tho event the cal deter: ilnations of liver function; .... THROUGH SKIN employee experiences problems. Under (i) Total bilirubin; 1 ` (5) Containers of vinyl chloride shall be labeled: ' : VINYL CHLORIDE ' DANGER - ' ' "EXTREMELY FLAMMAUl.K GAS UNDERPRESSURE ' MAY POLYMERIZE WITH ' , such conditions, the observer shall sig (ii) Alkaline phosphatase; ' nal for help, and shall not enter to assist (iii) Serum glutamic oxalacetic trans the employee until another person Is aminase (SGOT); present to observe. ` ' ' (lv) Serum glutamic pyruvic trans (ml Transportation loading and un aminase (SGPT); and loading. (1) Facilities lor tire loading (v) Gamma glustamyl transpoptidase and unloading of vinyl chloride to and (GGTP). ' EXPLOSIVE FORCE from containers shall have each transfer (4) Additional tests that may option poison line and vapor-equalizing line equipped ally be considered for use in screening ' CANCER SUSPECT AGENT AND . with vent connections, and shall have' Include: . ANESTHETIC v . absorbed by breathing -/' . and through skin an Inert gas purging system. Vent and (i) Lactic dehydrogenase: purge effluent shall be returned to a proc- (ii) Serum protein determinations: . ess stream or flared in a safe location. (iii) Serum protein electrophoresis; (6) No statement shall appear on or (2) Procedures shall be developed and nnd -a near any required sign, label or instruc Implemented for the transfer of vinyl (iv) Platelet'count. tion. which contradicts or detracts from chloride. Written copies of such proce (5) Laboratory analyses for all biologi the effect' of any required warning, in dures shall bo provided employees en cal specimens included in medical exam formation or instruction. gaged in such operations, nnd such cm-, inations shall be performed In labora (1) Maintenance and ' decontamina ployces shall be fully trained and re tories accredited by the College of tion.' (1) Emphasis shall be placed upon hearsed in all procedures. American Pathologists or licensed under immediate clean up of spills, periodic in-' (3) Employees engaged in transfer op 43 CFR Part 74. spcction, prompt repair of equipment and. erations shall be provided with and (C) II the results of screening required leaks, and proper handling, storage and required to wear respirators in accord In paragraph (o)(3) of this section are disposal or decontamination of materials ance with paragraph (g) of this section. normal, screening shall be repeated: to prevent airborne contamination and accidental skin contact with vinyl chlo ride. Waste materials, equipment, nnd other sources of vinyl chloride in closed containers, may not be placed in areas of excessive temperature or sunlight since build-up of internal pressure nmy result in rupture of the container,, fire or explosion. (2) Waste resins or other materials contaminated with vinyl chloride shall be placed in closed containers pending dis posal or decontamination. ; (3) Appropriate procedures shall be developed and Implemented for the de contamination or disposal of all such wnsto material. (4) In maintenance or repair opera tions on contaminated--systems or equipment, including vessel entry, em ployees engaged In such operations shall .be (1) provided with and required to wear and use a whole-body air-supplied suit impervious to vinyl chloride, and a respirator in accordance with paragraph (g) of this section: and tii) required to shower after removing protective equip ment. (5) Protective clctliing and equipment shall be clean and dry for each use. ' (C) When vessels or piping systems arc opened local exhaust ventilation shall be provided to remove the escaping vapor from all occupied areas. (n) Polymer handling operations. (1) Containers of polyvinyl chloride releas ing detectable levels of vinyl chloride shall be opened and transferred only under local exhaust ventilation which reduces the concentration of vinyl chlo ride below tlie detectable level, . (2) Hot operations, such as but not limited to milling, calendering and ex truding. which release detectable levels of vinyl chloride, shall be carried on only under local exhaust ventilation which reduces the concentration of vinyl chlo ride below the detectable level, (o) Medical surveillance. Not later than ----------------- 1074, a program of medical surveillance shall be Insti tuted, and shall provide each authorized employee with an opportunity for ex aminations in accordance with this para graph. All medical examinations and procedures shall be performed `by or under tho supervision of a licensed Doctor of Medicine (MD) or Doctor of Osteopathy (DO). All medical examina tions and tests shall be provided without cost to the employee. (1) At the time of initial employment, or upon institution of screening, a physi cal examination shall be performed with specific attention to detecting enlarge ment of liver or spleen' by abdominal palpation. <0 Every six months for employees who have been employed in vinyl chlo ride related operations for 10 years or moic; and (ii). Annually for all other employees entering regulated areas. (7) If one or more liver function tests performed are abnormal, serum testing shall be repeated as soon as possible, preferably within two to four weeks. If no abnormalities are present upon rescreening, scrum testing shall be re peated In three montlis. (8) If abnormalities persist upon rcscrccning, the employee shall be with drawn from areas where contact wiih vinyl chloride Is possible, and an individ ualized medical workshop shall be in stituted. Suggested' as Initial steps are a complete physical examination and vari ous special procedures such as hepatitis B antigen determination and liver scan ning. If fiver function abnormalities arc determined to be unrelated to liver dis ease, the employee may be permitted to return to vinyl chloride-rclatcd employ ment, subject to individual medical evaluation. (0) A complete and accurate record of the results of medical examinations shall be made and maintained for the dura tion of employment plus five years, or for 20 years, whichever is longer. (p) Records, (1) Records of monitor 17) <i) Vessels to be entered shall first (2) At tlie time of initial employment ing and measuring, medical records, and bo ventilated and monitored so that the concentration of vinyl chloride Is reduced to a level within the protection factor capability of the protective equipment- ,i,. ,t . or upon institution of screening, and an nually thereafter, a medical history checklist shall be completed by tlie em ployee. Tills list shall Include questions concerning; ,.:.j......... . regulated area entry rosters and sum maries. shall be made available for ex amination and copying upon request to authorized representatives of the Assist ant Secretary and the Director. FEDERAL REGISTER, VOt. 39, NO, 92--FRIDAY, .MAY 10, 1974 GENC 014301  1C900' PROPOSED RULES , c r \ / i }' a / (2) In the event that the employer ceases to do business and there Is no suc cessor to receive and retain his records lor the prescribed period, these records shall be transmitted by registered mail .. to the Director, and each employee indi vidually notified In writing of this (Sees. G(b), G(c), tad 8(c), 84 Sint. 1503, 15DG, 1500 (23 UJ5.C. C55. C57): Secretary of Inbor't Order No. 12-71 (3G Fit 8754) ) . Signed at Washington, D.C. this 6th day of May, 1074. John Stender, , Assistant Secretary o/ Labor. conservative, limitation may no longer be appllcibler-thc FAA has Instituted t regulatory study project to recvaluac. tho limitation. The study will Include tilt, factors originally considered In estab lishing tho limitation as well as any other factors found to bo pertinent. Those transfer. (3) Employees and their designated [FR Doc.74--10748 Filed 5-0-74:8:45 am] factors originally considered include per tinent evacuation tests anti demonstra , representatives shall be provided access to examine and copy records of monitor- .DEPARTMENT OF . tions, exterior slides; tho number, loca tion, and size ot aisles and passageways, ing and measuring. . - . TRANSPORTATION and evacuation system reliability. (4) Former employees shall be pro vided acces to examine and copy records reflecting their own. exposures. ' (5) Upon written request of any em ployee, a copy of the medical record of -such employee shall be furnished to a physician designated by the employee in . . Federal Aviation Administration . - [ 14 CFR Part 25 ] ` . . d ' [Docket No. 13GDG; Notice 74-10] ' ' TRANSPORT CATEGORY AIRPLANES ' Type A Passenger Emergency Exit Capacity Data available to the FAA on in-scrvico evacuations, slide deployments, and evacuation demonstrations indicate tin; more than 100 passengers have beer, evacuated through a TVpe A exit withir. 90 seconds. Hie data further indicate that Type A exit systems may have i, i , .. ,. . .< ' such request. (q) Reports. (1) Not later than_____ ' the following information shall be reported to the OSHA Area Director. Any change in such information shall be reported to the OSHA Area Director within 15 days of such change. (1) The address and location of each establishment which has one or more . regulated areas; and <ii) The number of employees in each regulated area during normal operations, including maintenance. \ (2) Incidents which result in the re lease of vinyl cldorlde into any area where employees may be exposed shall be .'.`reported in accordance with this para-. ' i graph. <i) A report of the occurrence of the incident and the facts obtainable at that time including a report on any medical treatment of affected employees shall be made within 24 hours to the OSHA Area Director. (ii) A written report shall be filed with the OSHA Area Director within 15 . .calendar days thereafter and shall in- elude: ' (A) A specification of the amount of material released; (B) A description of the area involved and tlie extent of known and potential employee exposure and area affected;' ' ' (C) A report on any medical treat ment of affected employees and any .medical surveillance program implc- ^merited; and .. ' <D) An analysis of the circumstances ... of the incident, and measures taken or .to-be taken, with specific completion dates, to avoid further similar releases. <3) Upon completion of any monitoring The FAA is considering rule making to revise the passenger seating configura tion limit that Is applicable to Type A , exits on transport category airplanes. Sections 25.807(c) (2) and (3) of the, , Federal Aviation Regulations (FARs) currently provide that for each pair of Type A exits (consisting of one on each side of the fuselage) the airplane may have a maximum passenger seating con figuration of 100, ' This advance notice of proposed rule making Is being issued in accordance with the FAA's policy for early institu tion of public proceedings in actions re lated to rule making. An "advance" no- ' tice is issued to invite early public par ticipation in the identification and se lection of. a course or alternate courses of action with respect to a particular rule malting problem. Interested persons are invited to par ticipate in the rule making by submit ting such written data, views, or arguments as they may desire. Communications should identify the regulatory docket or notice number and be submitted in duplicate to: Federal Aviation Administration. Of fice of the Chief Counsel, Attention: Rules Docket, AGC-24, 800 Independence Avenue, SW,, Washington. D.C. 20501. : Communications should be received on or before July 9. 1974, to assure proper consideration. All comments submitted will be available, both before and after the closing date for comments, for ex amination by interested persons. The regulatory provisions relating to Type A exits that are contained in 3 25.807 of the Federal Aviation Regulations were adopted by Amendment 25-15, ef higher in-service reliability than was an ticipated at the time the limitation war cslabUshed In the regulations. However, the FAA believes it Is important to re view all relevant data on safety and cost considerations that may be applicable to any proposed change in tho Type A exit . passenger seating limitation. To this end. tho FAA solicits data, views, and arguments from all interested persons on the questions'set forth below. Data support ing an answer should be submitted or identified sufficiently that the FAA may . obtain Or develop It. 1. Do the.data available on evacuation tests and in-service incidents that relate to the evacuation capacity of Type A exits under emergency conditions indi cate that the 100 passenger limitations may safely be Increased? 2. What reliability has been demon strated for Type A exit systems by serv ice experience and tests? 3. What relationships may be estab lished between reliability and passenger emergency evacuation capability of Type A exits? . 4. How would the emergency evacua tion capability of Type A exits be af fected by specific increases in passenger ..seating capacity and by-specific pasr ... gcr seating configuration consideration' 5. If there are other factors th ,i should bo considered, how should the rcl- evant data be related to the emergency, evacuation capability of Typo A exits? 6. If the. commentator recommends specific passenger capacities for consid eration. what economic and safety bene fits or penalties would be associated with them? ' and measuring which discloses that any employee has actually been exposed to detectable levels of vinyl chloride, each such employee shall be individually noti fied In writing. The notice shall: fective October 24, 1967. That amend ment also established the provision. In 3 25.803(c), that manufacturers show by demonstration that the maximum seat ing capacity of an airplane having a ca Ci) Be delivered not later than 10 working days after completion of the' pacity of more than 44 passengers can bo evacuated to the ground within 90 seconds, under conditions prescribed in Issued in Washington, D.C., on May 2, 1074. . i ' C. R. Melugin, Jr., Acting Director. Flight Standards Service. (FR Doc.74-10787 Filed 5-9-74.8:45 am] monitoring and measuring; the regulation. As discussed In the pre (ii) State the actual.exposure In terms amble to Amendment 25-] 5, the allow [ 14 CFR Part 39 ] .. of concentration and time; and able passenger seating limit of 100 that (Docket No, 74-NW--4-AD ] ' (iii) State the steps which have been taken, are being taken, and will bo taken,' with specific completion dates, to terml- was established for each pair of Tyiie A exists was less than the evacuation ca pacity that had been demonstrated by test. As a result ot receiving data and AIRWORTHINESS DIRECTIVES Boeing Model 737-100/200 Series Airplanes . natc the exposuro and prevent a rccur- information tending to indicate that The Federal Aviation Administration rence. : , . ........... ; somo of the considerations lending to the Is considering amending Part 39 of the FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 39, NO. 92--FRIDAY, MAY 1 l, 1974 GENC 014302