Document 71ZDGDj9DEZyywV0ZdneZOeVa

22 CHAPTER 2 1946 Guido IDENTIFICATION OF PIPING SYSTEMS BY COLOR The color scheme for identification of piping systems listed in the following table and shown in Fig. I is reprinted from Part V, Fourth Edition, of the Engineering Standards of the Heating, Piping and. Air Conditioning Contractors National Association, All piping systems are classified according'to the material carried in the pipes and colors are assigned as follows: Class . F--Fire-protection D--Dangerous materials S--Safe Materials and, when required P--Protective materials V--Extra valuable materials Color Red Yellow or Orange Green (or the achromatic colors, white, black;,' gray or aluminum). Bright blue Deep purple 23 SPECIFIC HEAT Table 1. Specific Heat of. Solids*. Alloys ^ Materials Cual-- - Cuke--^ Glass rnt rta-trr^ Rocks^ Zinc. ___ Temperature F 32 32 .57-208 68-2370 80-212 68-208 104-1637 . 64-212 77-1832 50-122 50-122 . 64 32 -40 32 32-600 68-212 59-212 32 32 " 58-212 63-210 54-212 59-212 32-212 32 77-1832 77 68 32 Specific Heat 0.0899 0.0883 0.0862 0.127 0.212 0.195 0.195 0.314 0.278 0.201 0.270 0.0928 0.258 0.161 0.117 0.0312 0.259 0.487 0.434 0.1043 0.127 0.1189 0.1152 0.0297 0.1032 0.2159 0.2 0.0319 0.196 0.192 0.216 0.21 0232 0.0536 0.1175 0.220 0.263 ' 0.0548 ' 0.327 0.0913 Authority sS . s s s s H I H H H S I . Ss s H S . Ss - M H H S S H 'H . .S Ss s s . ss Hs... . s ss _ Table 2. Specific Heat of Liquids Liquid Alcohol. Ethyl............ . Alcohol, Methyl Glycerine. _ .. ____ ___ . Lead (Molten)_________________________ Mercury .. . Petroleum___ __ . __ . Sea Water Sp Gr 1.0043 Sp Gr 1.0463_ Water . .......... ...... Temperature F 32 59-68 59-122 360 68 70-136 ' 64 -64 59 Specific Heat 0.548 0.601 0.576 0.041 0.03325 0.511 0.980 0.903 1.000 'Authority S S. .S H . S:.: 'S .. S . Ss s ` Table 3. Specific Heat of Gases and Vapors Substance Air. .. .................. . Ammonia Carbon Dioxide Carbon Monoxide Coal Gas...... . Temperature F 32-392 80-392 52-417 79-388 68-1900 . Specific Heat at Constant Pressure Ratio of Specific Heat Cp/Cr Specific Heat at Constant Volume (Computed). Authority 0.2375 0.5356 . . 0.2169 0.2426 0.3145 1.405 1.277 1.3003 . 1.395 0.169 0.419 0.1668 0.1736 S -S s . ss Hvdmven Nitroven Oxveen Water Vannr Water Vanor 70-212 32-392 . 55-404 212 356 3.41 0.2438 0.2175 0.421 0.51 1.419 l.il 1.3977 1.305 2.402 0.1729 0.155 0.322 >s - S. S S S ' ' "See also The Specific Heat of Thermal Insulating Materials, by Gordon B. Wilkes and Carl O. Wood (A.S.H.V.E. Transactions, Vol. 48, 1942, p. 493). - Notes: When one temperature is giventhe true specific heat is given, otherwise the value is the mean \ specific heat between the given limits. .J . Authorities: S--Smithsonian Physical Tables. 1933: I--International Critical Tables; H--Heating. - Ventilation and Air Conditioning^ by L. A.' Harding and A. C. Willard;' M--Engineers' Handbook.byr' / Lionel S. Marks. ' '.