Document 71EqXLZ5R930BL22GZ326YZXg

PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT I 0 ~ / 0 7 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS BULLETIN QA7Z j auLucT'N rrruEi 3/22/33 Industrial Hygiene Asbe stos fiSPOM^^ FD-2136 SUPERSEDES Sam ,M I BUllStii WS pATfeD k ' 7/1S/75 Asbestos is a generic term that describes a variety of naturally occurring fibrous, incombustible silicate minerals. Although tremendously valuable to industry, these minerals have teen closely linked to asbestosis, a degenerative lung-scarring disease, and to lung cancer. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (GSKA), therefc oas regulated employee exposure to asbestos since shortly after the agency's inceptior CSKA has defined asbestos, established standards for its use, and set permissible exp< sure limits. The initial airborne asbestos fiber limits have been revised downward. Kegelations 'under the OSHA asbestos standard are covered in 29 CFE 1910-1C01. Asbestc exposure in Ontario is regulated under the Occupational Health and Safety Act (Hevisec Statutes of Ontario, I960, Chapter 321, August 1962). Exposure limits nresantly diff: under the two regulations; however, industrial hygiene work practices to control dust and fiber in air are the same. Six fibrous minerals, members af a family called silicates, axe recognized as asbestos crrysotiie (white asbestOBj, actinolita, amosite (brown asbestos), anthophyliite, crocidolite (blue asbestos) and tremolita. Commercially, ehryBOtile is the most imno: taut form of asbestos, accounting for approximately 95? of the asbestoB used in North America. Seme talc contains various amounts of asbestos. Asbestos has about 30X different uses, with approximately two-thirds being used in t'r construction industry in building products, insulation., friction materials, and text il Manufactured products have included reinforced asbestos cement sheets spd pipes, patci ana taping compounds, floor and ceiling tiles as well as paints, coatings and sealant: containing asbestos ns reinforcing fillers, pipe linings and fillers for various lieu:' Friction products include clutch facings and brake linings for, automobiles and trucks, railroad, cars, airplanes, and industrial he.chinery. A variety of other uses are kncwi including theater curtains, fire blankets and other thermal protection, filtration materials and, until recently, dry wall patch compounds and imitation fireplace ashes, Cnee incorporated into manufactured items, hazards resulting frem asbestos are less probable, as long as the subBtsnco is not disrupted. However, the fibers are nearly indestructible, end a potential health risk arises whenever asbestos fibers are set free, resulting in airborne asbestos dust. Health Hazards J Asbestos exposure can cause asbestosis, cancer of the lungs and digestive tract, and me 3 othe lioaa. Asbestosis is a diffuse fibrotie lung disease caused by exposure to high conceutraticj of asbestos dust and fiber, usually after several years of exposure. The onset of asbestosis appears to depend on dust and fiber concentration, fiber shapes, type of asbestos, and length of exposure. Usually, the disease becomes evident 20 or more ye: after the first exposure t; ahbc.sics. Once established, however, a highly disabling pneumoconiosis can progress even after exposure has ceased. rr:r*ohegenio carcinoma (lung cancor.i and mesothelioma of the pleura and peritoneum (cancer of membranous lining of the chest and abdominal cavities) are also associated wine asbestos exposure. Excesses cf cancer of the larynx, stomach, colon, and rectum oave also been observed. Same forme of asbestos appear far more hazardous than other: As with asbestosis, there can be a long latent period, generally more than 25 years ft mesothelioma. Ths mechanise of action ia not currently known. Asbestos is different from most chemical carcinogens because it. i3 hot metabolized. Thus even limited expo sures to huge levels leads tc continuing presence of inhaled asbestos particles or - over CftNl 0oS2 PRODUCED B'-'rOF Bulletin No- _O 3/22/8 fibers within "he lung. These car translocate to the' abdominal cavity and to ether tissues. The prognoses for aabeatosig ana asbestos-induced cancer ia generally noor. Risks of disease due to asbestos exposure have rot been defined clearly for all occu pational groups known to have significant exposure., Firm epidemiological data are available only for heavily exposed workers employed in asbestos.mining, manufacturing and insulation handling. However, there is evidence that the problem is more widespread than previously believed and that workers from a variety of trades' and occunations,* including painters, electricians, carpenters, machinists, boiler makers, pipefitters, mechanics, welders, and others, ray he at increased risk. The issue of risk of disease iron asoesuos exposure is further complicated in that smokers who have had asbestos exposure clearly have markedly increased risk of developing lung disease related to asbe stos. Asbestos exposures witnun lord Motor Company may occur from: Insulated pipe covering for parts washers and cleaners, steam and hot water lines. . insulated coverings for boilers and associated parts in powerhouses. Trying oven and furnace insulation. Asbestos clocks, bricks, sheets, and sleeves. . Clutch and brake linings for various machinery and transportation eauinment (power presses, conveyor belts, ii-Ics, locomotives, tow tractors, trucks, automobiles). . Hign temperature gasket materials for manifolds, pipes. High temperature blankets, gloves. . Asbestos-containing parting compounds, certain talcs. Filtration media. umtsloyoe Exposure Since we do not manufacture asbestos materials, exposures are primarily limited to those who work with asbestos-containing products. However, these exposures are no less significant. Employee exposure can generally occur during material handling .qnrj maintenance of asbestos-containing friction materials. Exposure can occur during grinding, saving, sanding, drilling, or otherwise disturbing or finishing asbestoscontaining products. Demolition, removal, and repair of asbestos coverings end coatings offer otner sources of worker exposure. Insulation removal or repair and brake and clutch servicing can be especially hazardous. Remussible Occupational Exposure limits (PEL) -- Breathing Zone Concentrations Eight-nour tune-weighted average exposure: 2 fibers longer than 5 micrometers per cubic centimeter or-air (2 f/cc >5 pm). Ceiling concentration: 10 f/cc >5 .HE. l'ntari,, TVaE ?EL for anosite, orcsidoiite, and ether forma of asbestos are C.p, C.2, and I.C f/cc >8 jsn, respectively. Tbs Ontario ceiling 7L for amosite, crocidolite, and outer fomui are 2.5, l.C, and 5.2 f/cc >; pnn, respectively. Methods of Compliance Engineering controls, such as isolation, enclosure, local exhaust ventilation, and dust collection are required and should be used to meet the FEL. 1 .*";!iance with ine ?5!t may not be achieved by sole 'use of respirators or shift rotation except under special conditions approved by Industrial Hygier.s. All hand and power operated tools, which ray produce or release asbestos fibers in excess of the PEL. aus* be provided with local exhaust ventilation. . Insofar as practicable or unless '-he usefulness of the product would be diminished, as'osstca must oe handled, nixsd, applied, removed, cut, scored, or otherwise w'erked in a wet stats. Wst methods of control are very effective in suppressing fell borne asuestos fiber anc cust- in pipe and furnace insulation repair and demolition PRODUCED BY FOP bulletin No. u -3 - S/22/33 Employees who tay be exposed to asbestos should be trained in safe work practice and informed of tie provisions in the QSKA asbestos standard and in this oulleti Every employes engaged in the spraying, demolition, or removal of aatestosoontaining material shall 03 provided appropriate respiratory protection and special clothing coveralls, hood and foot coverings, and gloves). Inly approved respiratory protection, suitable for the concentration of asbestos expected, is to be provided. A respiratory protection program is mandatory for certain operations. Double lockars and special laundering procedures for asbestos-contaminated cloth! G "'CS * ' i '"*i3 ^ Special change rooms are required for exposures exceeding the PEL. .Mann tor in e Initial arc periodic monitoring are required. Sampling frequency 3ha.l1 not exceed every six months for employees whose exposure to asbestos may be foreseen to exceed the File for tbs EVAS or ceiling concentrations. Medical Examinations ?replacement, annual, and cerairmticE-of-employment medical examinations are require for employees who are exposed to, or vers in excess of, 0.1 f/ec seven to eight-hour time-weighted average exposure. Medical examinations should include as a n-inimm, a medical co.otory to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, cheat i-rsy, sr.rj pulmonary function teats. Recordkeeping Exposure and medical records or ary personal, environmental, and/or medical monitor! must be maintained for at least 20 years. Affected employees, their designated representatives, and OSHA and A10SH representatives, upon request, would have access to these records. Ary employee found to nave been exposed to concentrations in excess of permissible exposure limit a shall be notified of this in writing within five days of the finding The employee shall also he timely notified of corrective action being taken. -Signs and Labels Saution signs shall bo provided and displayed in. areas where airborne asbegtos conce trations may be in excess of the PEL. Signs ha~! 1 be posted at such a distance tc permit an individual to take the necessary protective measures before entering the contaminated area. .11 `438 jgjt? Surfaces should be kept free of accumulations of asbestos if, with their dispersion, there would be excessive airherns concentrations. Additionally, asbestos waste, acrap, isbria, clothing, and/or ether items contaminated with asbestos should be handled, collected, end disposed in sealed labeled impermeable bags. Asbestoscontaining waste must not be incinerated or discharged into community water supplies b^ecif ic information regarding waste disposal should be obtained from the Stationary Source Environmental Control Office (SSECO). Eml^vee Training Employee Health Ser-,-;Cg3 has "deveicced ?- slide and cassette tape presentation which summarizeb pertme trt information relative to asbestos use, Handling, hazards, contr: . Tp,-.r.aQtrs.i.---.Aa-3 ; C ^ ~ monitoring of exposures. This presentation is designed to asai: Dianas in thair emp 1oyee traiuing a ffort3. - ove CflNl 0663 PP.'jllCED BY FOR 3/22/53 Information and Industrial Hygiene Services Further infonas:ion regarding tbs GSHA asbestos standard may be obtained from Industrial Hygiene Services, 33--73955- Assistance can be provided regarding employee exposure monitoring and analysis, appropriate respirators, approved vacuum sweepers, engineering controls, and ether elements of the OSHA asbestos exposure standard, it is recommended that materials suspected of containing asbestos be submitted to the Industrial Hygiene laboratory far analysis prior to any handling taat could generate airborne fiber and dust, A check list to help identify products containing asbestos is available from Plant Engineering Office, Manufacturing Staff (Manufacturing Practice No. 303, December 1981, "Employee Exposure to A.-;beams 1retaining Nor-Production Materials1'). Manufacturers of washers and industrial vacuums equipped with high, efficiency filters and apnrcvsd for asbestos oust control include: lord ''Rotunda!T Brake Vacuum (31-0009) Ford "rotunda" Erake Parts 'washer (65*0018) "Tornado ToxVacn Breuar Electric Manufacturing Company 7901 Vest lawronce Avenue Chicago, Illinois 6c6f>6 312) '867-5100 n Pin ko Minutemann H&ko Minuteman 111 South Route 53 Addiacn, Illinois 60101 ',512) 627-6900 NS Ifi *i- of America, Incorporated 201 King Manor Drive ding of Prussia, Pennsylvania 19^06 ',115; :900 Other vacuums would be acceptable ; ~ * * a o?>HA .0 3 co .3 " o s 53"^ ndfKr r.. evaded they meet filtration efficiency specified PRODUCED 3Y FOR