Document 702nqzKM8aVZzebY9Jmxm8YLa

EEFR BY CMME EXPOSURE = 160-1 ur-r 120o 5 uj u. 90* 40- EEFR BY SMOKING HABITS :% * * Msaa& Fig 1. -- Scattergram ol end-expiratory flow rates as percent of predicted by degree of exposure to chloromcthyl methyl ether. calculate time-weighted average exposure ratings and total ex posure times. An exposure index was calculated for each man by accumulating the total exposure as of December 31, 1964, just prior to the time the spirograms were made. The 103 men were divided into the following groups: 31 with no chemical exposure, 22 with light exposure (index of 0.1 to 4.9), 24 with moderate exposure (index of 5.0 to 12.91, and 26 with heavy exposure (index of 13.0 and overl. The men in these ex posure groups had similar age distributions; the means and stan dard deviations were respectively: 42.1 8.9, 40.6 7.7, 43.3 9.0, and 44.5 + 7.6. Almost all were white in every group. No in formation was collected on atopy. Results A scattergram of the EEFR measurements as percent of predict ed by degree of chemical exposure is shown in Figure 1. Since the distribution was somewhat skewed, the median was determined instead of the mean. There was considerable spread in the values but the median was 94% in the unexposed men compared to 68 to 74% in the exposed groups (Table 1). Thirty-five percent of the unexposed group had values under. 75% compared to 54 to 64% of the exposed men. Only one of the unexposed men had a value less than 60% while 33 to 38% of the exposed workers had such low values. There was no obvious gradient in the four groups but comparing unexposed and exposed men, the difference was statistically highly significant for the proportions with values less ... Table-', 1. The End^ExpIratory Flow.'Rjto-.byv Dagrea of; ::Exposure to :Ohlorom0thyl JMathyliEther. : . - \ , .y i ''Expoitirr-!' Nt> of .fy.'- ;- ^'.v.TEri'd-EicpIraVtfrytVFJdW'riPato*1 1 7 l. 'V-'-i'-.- r*' /S, ' 'Median'- UntroOW' Under.,60%. 'No.,, K No % U;-y o- 1 31 11 I : -r'j ' - '0.14.9: 22 -Mi'-', 64' 8 /, >36 - .74 ' 13 si .'. 8 v 68 '58 no 38, '' To t^l 103 74 27 ''26.yy;:-/ 'as percent of predicted 612 NONSMOKER CIGAR 8y43R PIPE FORMER <' PK a IPACj);^ CIGA RETTE CURRENT CIGARETTE- SMOKING HABITS Fig 2. -- Scattergram of end-expiratory flow rates as percent of predlctijj smoking habits. than 60% (chi square = 10.48 with Yates' correction, d.f. < 0.005). When the 103 men were regrouped according to sm^l habits (Fig 2 and Table 2), there was a definite gradient.': median fell from 101% in 12 men who never smoked to 63%ijr current smokers who smoked one or more packs of cigarette! day. Exsmokers of cigarettes had a median higher than tKal current cigarette smokers but less than that of either cigar orfl smokers, or both. Similar relationships were seen for the p.rbjf tion of values below 75% and 60% of predicted except th|i| proportion of exsmokers of cigarettes below 60% of predla was the same as that for current cigarette smokers. Corripaw men who did not smoke cigarettes (nonsmokers and smokeff cigars and/or pipes), exsmokers of cigarettes, current cigaif smokers of less than one pack of cigarettes per day, and cui$ cigarette smokers of one pack or more per day with respect t.cj| proportion having an EEFR of less than 60%, the differencesj not achieve statistical significance (chi square = 5.44, d.f. =y > 0.10) but with respect to the proportion having an EEFR of,-I than 75%, the differences were statistically significant (chi.sgij| = 7.90, d.f. = 3, P < 0.05). To determine whether smoking habits had confounded.^ relationship between EEFR and chemical exposure, the proportto .-.'I, Tabl8:2. --- The End-Expiratary Flow Rato : by. Smoking Habits __ -_______________________ :__ Smoking No. of. .... ,l(- ......... :styJaV,^*njSUH|H MejJ.V' EodEXpIratopiFtowykljli^MiB -.V'-Medton ' `l)nderi75#' hlMgSUKSB v ....'Never. . , Cigar/pipd\ ' ^'Cigarette V.yi,'';Cunent'.''1. yi-'pk1.' ..y^Tdtal 12, ; . `V/V*- 33 ;'V{\90 ,, v-V.-: .73 ''>'.v46V- 38 , 70"" " 49'. ?; 71 ' 4d,v ' 37 7.4 24 7 49 .21.-. 1 16 ` ' 83 - '-T'-jbH 46 ' 103 74 93 5' ' ' yyiMI] `as percent ol predicted Chloromethyl Ether Workers/WM