Document 6xwma0rvRb66w57zZvzXv8pR

Copied by 5/13/74 MCA PROPOSED RULES p.:s;r.r:--"- r r |_/\0~ Ccct',"dicin' Scicty and Health Admlr'is'.retion [29 CFR Fart 1910] (Poel.cl C!=n-3C1 VINYL CHLORIDE Proposed Ctir.dsrd 1. Background. Vinyl chloride (chJorocthone) Chemical Attracts Service Registry No. 75015, is a synthetic chemi cal made by oxychlorination of ethylene or by hydrochlorination cf acetylene. It is the parent compound of e. series ol t hemoplastic resin polymers and co polymers which are widely used for con tainers, tv] .roping film, electrical insula tion. pipe, conduit, and a variety of other products. Vinyl chloride has been marie commercially in this country since 1939 and present production J in excess of seven billion pounds per year. Vinyl chloride (VC) is a gas at am bient temperature arid, pressure r.nd is a chlorinated hydrocarbon whim has moderate liver toxicity. The previous standard set a celling value of 500 nav'.s per million (ppm) (29 CFR 1910.93. Table G-l). On January 22, 1974, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration <OSHA) was inhumed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSII) that the B. F. Good rich Chemical Company reported that deaths of tc\ era' of its employees from a rare liver cancer (angiosarcoma.) may have teen occupationally related. As a remit of this notification and after con- tuliatron v. uh the National Institute for O-'Oi'r.ticr.cl Safety anti Health NIOSII), and a joint inspection of the plant by OSKA, NIOSH, and the Ken tucky Department, of Labor, a fact-rind in': hearing on possible hazards involved with the manufacture and use of VC was announced on January 30, 1974 (39 TO 3074) and licit! on February 15, 1074. 2. Carcinogenicity o/ VC. Information produced at this hearing demonstrated that exposure of laboratory annuals (mostly Spraauc-rav.lcy rats) to VC by inhalation at and below the then crrrcr.t OSHA standard of 500 ppm induced tumors, including angiosarcomas of the liver. Professor Cesarc I.faltoni, of the Tnstituto di Oncologia, Eologna, Italy, reported on a series of experiments on the efiaat of exposure of rats, mice, and hamsters to VC at concentrations el 10,000; 6,000; 2.500; 500; 250; and 50 ppm for varying periods of time (TR-- 43-63). Some of the experiments have been concluded, and others are still on going. The experimental results reported were that tumors have been observed in groups cf animals exposed to VC at con centrations a:- low as 250 ppm. No tumors were observed in the group of animals exposed to VC at a concentration cf 0 ppm. It also appears that the total num ber of tumors, as well as the numbers of angiosarcomas of the liver, decreased as the concentrations of VC were reduced to 250 ppm. Another experiment by Pro- fers-.r t.f.-Ttnnl mas rr.r.artrd underway * n/iA -- *H t Vi \ 4* Jtj - w V,*. fell* to VC at concentrations of 50 ppm, in order to assess in a more definitive way whether that level of exposure produces tumors in animals. Data reported by To;kelson, Oycn and Eowe (American Industrial Hygiene Association J 22: 254- 361 (1061)) Indicate that exposure to VC at concentrations of 50 ppm failed to induce tumors in rats, hamsters, rabbits, and dogs. The employees of the B. F. Goodrich Chemical Company who died from angio sarcoma of the liver had an average ex posure of approximately 19 years to vinyl chloride, at unknown concentrations, and variable exposures to other volatile chemicals. (Tit 93). Pome employees of Union Carbide, Firestone Tire and Rub ber. and Goodyear were also reported in post-hearing comments to have had ex posure to vinyl chloride end to have died from angiosarcoma cf the liver. Finally, autopsies of four deceased employees re vealed their liver angiosarcoma tumors were histologically indistinguishable from the angiosarcoma tumors observed in Professor Maltonis experimental animals. 3. The Emergency Temporary Stand ard. On the basis of all information available at that time, and the fact that employees were being exposed at levels around the experimentally observed ef fect level oi 250 ppm, an Emergency Temporary Standard (ETS) was promul- gated on April 5, 1974 (39 FR 12342) as 29 CFR I9l0.93q. This standard reduced the level from a ceiling of 500 ppm to 50 ^ ppm ceiling. It was expressly recomuzed ffr that this standard limiting cxporv.res to * a 50 ppm level was intended to be a ten tative, interim standard, to be in effect no longer than six months, during which time the whole question of possible safe exposure to VC would be reconsidered more fully and In the light of more in formation, especially results of experi ments which were known to be under way at that time. 4. Additional information. On April 13. 1974. information end data were pre sented to representatives of OSHA, NIOSH and the EPA by the Industrial Bio-Test Laboratories, Northbrook, Illi nois, concerning results of animal ex posure studies with VC, sponsored by the Manufacturing Chemists Association (MCA). Although only preliminary in nature, these results revealed th.iv 2 out of 2C3 mice exposed to VC concentrations of 0 ppm for 7 hours a day, five days a week, for approximately 7 mantlis, de veloped angiosarcomas cf the liver. The Industrial Bio-Tost Lab data in dicate that exposure to VC at 50 ppm may well constitute a serious health haz ard tp employees. Alee, the finest-on of a safe level of exposure for humans tennot be determined at this time, and may continue as a matter for scientific de liberation for many years. We therefore conclude that it Is now necessary to pro pose to change the 50 ppm level estab lished in the ETS to as low a level as can be detected using methodologies outlined in ItCh1is nbrAonosah > . # K.V ^<1 j Mit tia 4 -- ,1-wJ pci /< U.!t v I Kh V ta - V, Is . The requirements for a complete stand ard under section 6(b) of the Occupa tional Safety and Health Act of 1970 are much more comprehensive thru the provisions of the ETC promulgated on April 5. The following proposals are re sponsive to the additional information on the carcinogenicity of VC, and the requirements of the Act. A. Level of exposure. The proposed *. standard for employee exposure is cot at ( no detectable level, as determined by a 1 sampling and analytical method capable ; of detecting vinyl chloride at conccntra- ; tions of 1 ppm with an accuracy of 1 : ppm-50 percent. Although more sersi- 1 live methods may be available now or in i the future, the methodological sensitivity \ proposed appears to be the most fe.-.sible \ and generally available. A method of l ' ppm sensitivity lias been recommended to OSHA by NIOSH. To minimize the number of persons at risk, a require ment would be established for regulating areas where vinyl chloride is manufactured, reacted, stored, handled, released. repackaged, or used, including opera- ' \ < tions with polyvinyl chloride containing j detectable levels of vinyl chloride. Access to the areas would be limited to author ized employees. __ >5 B. Monitoring. A program of monitor ing would be required to establish whether there are detectable levels in regulated areas and to permit determina tion ef employee exposures on on in dividual basis. Provision would also be FEOFtAL SEGISTH, VOL 39, NO. 93--FSIDAY, MAT 10. 1974 OLI 471 PROP SED RULES 16897 niRde lor an opportunity to observe monitoring by employees or their desig nated representatives, as required by sec tion 8(c) t3) of the Act. C. Control methods. Where detectable j'evels of VC are monitored, two pro grams would be triggered; an engineer ing and work practice program to reduce levels below detectability; and while this is on-going, a respiratory protection pro gram for employees in the regulated area. Engineering controls and work prac tices are favored methods of compliance because they tend to avoid contamina tion of the ambient air in the workplace. Accordingly, it Is proposed to require the institution of engineering controls and of workpractice methods as soon as feasi ble, and to require the use of respirators pending the institution of such controls, to supplement such controls where they are insufficient to reduce concentrations of vinyl chloride below the detectable level, in specified work situations, and in cases of emergency. The proposal for continuous flow and pressure demand types of respirators is based on the rec ommendations of NIOSH, which has ob served leakage through chemical car tridge respirators at high concentrations of VC. A requirement would also be estab lished for the provision and use of protectne clothing for employees in the reg ulated aieas. The protective clothing would minimize skin contact with VC vapor, and would provide some measure of protection from splash of liquid In iv,i ,,TM; r*t w kn!i: II vmf.iivp of enuin- nitiii. i oou, Lic,v, _, o, ii.iu like products would be prohibited in the regulated area. Written operational and emergency plans would be required, along with em ployee training in routine and emergency duties. Specific requirements would be established for emergency actions and for routine maintenance and decontami nation operations, including vessel entry, which are known to present particular hazards. The purposes of operational and emer gency plans and training arc to apprise employees of the hazards to which they may be exposed, of the precautions they must take to avoid such hazards., and to rehearse employees in the procedures they must follow in emergencies. D. Medical surveillance. Comprehen sive requirements for employee medical examinations are proposed, including necessary tests. Some additional guid ance Is included for the convenience of physicians. The proposed requirements have been recommended to OSHA by NIOSH as reasonably appropriate to de tect liver dysfunction which may be in dicative of, or predisposing to. the de velopment of liver angiosarcomas. E. Records and reports. Records of monitoring, medical examinations, and entry to regulated areas are proposed, with provision for access by appropriate OSHA and NIOSH officials. Specific pro visions for employee access to monitoring records are Included, as well as the re quirement to furnish a copy of a medical record to an employee's physician on the (5) "Decontamination" means reduc employee's request. Establishments con tion of vinyl chloride concentrations to ducting vc operations would be required less than detectable levels. to identify themselves to OSHA. and to (6) "Detectable level" means an air report incidents (accidents) resulting in borne concentration of vinyl chloride the release of vinyl chloride. measurable by a sampling and analytical Accordingly, pursuant to sections 6(b), method capable of mearirtng concentra 6'ci. and 8(c) of the Occupational tions of 1 ppm, vtth an accuracy of l Safety and Health Act of 1970 ( 84 Stat. ppm50 percent. 1593. 1596,1599: 29 U.S.C. 655, 657), Sec (7) "Director" main* the Director, Na retary of Labor's Order No. 12-71 (36 PR tional Institute far Occupational Safety 8754 > and 23 CFR Part 1311, It is here and Health, or any person directed by by proposed to amend 29 CFR Part 1910 him or the Secretary of Health, Educa by revising 519l0.93q as set forth below. tion. and Welfare to act for the Director. Written data, views, and arguments (3) "Emergency" means an unforseen concerning the proposals may be mailed circumstance or set of circumstances, re to the Docket Officer, Docket OSH-36, sulting in the release of vinyl chloride Room 230.1726 M Street, N.W., Occupa into areas occupied by employees. tional Safety and Health Administra (9) "Exposure" means actual contact tion. Washington, D.C. 20210, post with vinyl chloride when unprotected by marked not later than June 10,1974. required personal protective equipment Pursuant to 29 CFR 1911.11 (b) and and clothing. (c), Interested persons may file objec (10) "Fabricated product" means a tions to the proposals, requesting an in finished product or part of such product, formal hearing with respect thereto, in made of polyvinyl chloride, entirely or in accordance with the following condi part, including semifinished products tions; such as film, sheet, block, bar, or extru (1) The objections must include the sion slock, name and address of the objector; (11) - OSHA Area Director" means the (2> The objections must be post Director for the Occupational Safety and marked on or before June 10,1374: Health Administration Area Office hav (3) The objections must specify the ing jurisdiction over the geographic area provisions of the proposed rule to which in which the establishment is located. objection is taken, and must state tire (12) "Polyvinyl chloride" means poly grounds therefor; vinyl chloride homopolymer or copol (4) Each objection must be separately ymer before such is converted to a fab stated and numbered; and ricated product. <51 The objections must be accom panied by a summary of the evidence riT-npnccrt rr\ ha prtiinrcd at. t,hp requested* hearing. (14) "Vinyl chloride" means vmyi As revised, { l910.S3q would read as chloride monomer. follows; (15) "Waste resin" means any resin I910.93q Vinyl Chloride. or other reaction products removed in the cleaning of equipment, such as ves (ft) Scope and application. (1) This sels ar.d piping. section applies to any area or operation (c) Reference. College" of American in which vinyl chloride (chloroethene), Pathologists, 230 N. Michigan Ave., Chi Chemical Abstracts Service Registry No. cago. Illinois 60601. 75015, is manufactured, reacted, re (4) Regulated areas. (1) A regulated leased, repackaged, stored, or used, in area shall be established where (i) vinyl cluding areas and operations involving chloride is manufactured, reacted, re polyvinyl chloride where detectable leased. repackaged, stored, or used; or levels of vinyl chloride are released. (ii> polyvinyl chloride .gapable of re (2) This section does not apply to the leasing detectable levels or^vTnj-1 chlo handling or use of fabricated products ride is manufactured, reacted, released, made entirely or in part of polyvinyl repackaged, stored, or used. chloride. (2) Access to regulated areas shall be (b) Definitions. (1) "Assistant Secre tary" means the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, U S. Department of Labor or his designee. (21 "Authorized employee" means an employee whose duties require him to be in the regulated area and who has been specifically assigned by the employer; and any employee who enters such an area as a designated representative of employees to exercise an opportunity to observe monitoring and measuring of vinyl chloride. limited to authorized employees. (3' A daily roster of employees enter ing regulated areas shall be made and maintained. The rosters, or summaries thereof, shall be kept for at least 20 years. (c) Monitoring. (1) Every regulated area shall be monitored for detectable levels of vinyl chloride. (21 The monitoring shall assure that any exposure may be determined for each ai\tli3^ged_OTployee with a confi dence level of 95 petocHt. (3> "Closed container" means any (3) Employees or their designated rep container which prevents the release of resentatives shall be afforded an oppor vinyl chloride to the environment. tunity to observe monitoring and measur (41 "Contaminated" means capable ing required by this paragraph. of releasing a detectable level of vinyl (i> Where exercise of an opportunity chloride. requires entry to an area where the use No. 92--ft. 1---- 10 FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 39, NO. 92--FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1974 OLI 472 16SSS PROPOSED RULES of protective clothing, equipment, fa (2) There shall be tests made for', (j) Emergency situations, d) A writ cilities, or procedures is required, ruch process or equipment leaks and for cmis- J ten operational plan for emergency clothing, t-cuinmen!. facil:`;es. and pro 1 sion of vinyl chloride which may result'. situations shall be developed fer each cedures i!:;1'! i.c pre-i-'e-J id all pcreor.s from workpraetices. The frequency of regulated area. entitled to exercise tlit eppo: tunity, ct no there tests shall bo such as to insure the ' (2) In the event of an emergency, ap cost to any of them. i integrity of equipment and adherence to propriate portions of the plan shall bn <ii) Persons exercising the opportu proper workpraetices. put into operation. nity shall be instructed regarding: (g) Respiratory protection. (1) A res (1) Haardous conditions created by' <A) The toxicity and fire hazard of piratory protection program in accord the emergency shall be eliminated and vinylchloridc; and ance with 11010.134 shall be established the affected area shell be decontami (B) The protective steps and measures and implemented where respirators arc nated prior to the resumption of normal necessary for their protection. required to be used by this section. operations. <iii) Observers shell be permitted, <2' Respirators shall be used only in rii) Special medical surveillance by a without interference to the persons per cases of emergency and where required physician shall be Instituted within 24- forming the monitoring and measuring, b\ any other provision of this section. hours for employees present in the af to: (A) Observe all steps and procedures related to the collecting, processing, and evaluation of particular monitoring and measurement samples; (B) Record quantities and results obtained; (C) Observe the condition of monitor ing and measuring equipment; iD' Receive a cicrmihration of the calibrf Ton and function tests of Ore Respirators may not be used in lieu of feasible engineering controls or workpractice methods. <31 Respirators or combinations of respirators for protection ccainst vinyl chloride shall be selected from among the following: (i) A positive pressure full facepiece self-contained breathing apparatus; (ii> A pressure-demand full facepiece self-contained brcatlrng apparatus op erating in the pressv.ie-demand mode; fected area at the time of the emergency. (iii) Where tin employee has a known contact with liquid vinyl chloride such employee shall be required to shower as soon as possible, unless contraindicated by physical injuries. (iv) An incident report on the emer gency shall be reported as required in paragraph (q) (2) of this section. (3) Each authorized employee shall be trained in a program relating to the hazards of vinyl chloride and the pre moniwirirg a:r! measuring equipment performed on site: and (lit) A combination type "C" pressuredemand lull facepiece respirator oper cautions for safe use. t <i) The program shall include: (E' Examine instructions and docu ating in the pressure-demand mode and (A) The nature of the fire hazard, and ments related to the proccdu: rs and equipment for monitoring and measur a pressure-demand self-contained breathing apparatus operating in the ing. pressure-demand mode; or -- <4i Accurate and complete records of all required montermg shall be ms*1" and maintained for not less than 2? (iv) A combination type "C" continu ous flow respirator and r. pressuredemand self-contained breathing ap years. Such a rrcoid shall li) state the date of such mor.i'.crm.g and the 1c1 els determined; ami (iri identify the instrum.-nt.* r.v.d methr r.v' ! r u'> S..lu.fiicontrols and uorkpratUcc 7r.r'.iiols. (1) Where detectable levels of vinyl chloride are measured, __Jmm^cjyNc protection shall be provided again.-: ciiyjMire to vinyl chloride by the use of engineering controls, wori-prcctice methods, arul respirators as follows; paratus operating in the pressure-de mand mode. <h) Protective clothing. (1) Employees e'uc:iiiK leuiuaicd area* aiutii Le piu* vided full-body protective clothing, foot wear or shoe covers, and gloves, at no cost to them, and required to wear it while in the regulated area. O j (2) Where polyvinyl chloride powder) 1 containing detectable levels of vinyl \ j chloride is handled, employees shall (i) Feasible engineering controls and nlcQ be: -- " worfcpracticc methods shall iinmcdiatgly be used to reduce aiiberr.e 'concentra tions of vinyl chloride below the detect able level; (ii) Wherever feasible engineering controls and v.oihpractice methods which can be instituted immediately aic not sufficient to reduce concentrations of ' j i i t''ProvTueci 'and required to wear hcadcovermgs; j (ii) Required to remove all protective \clotbing at each exit from the regulated area; and I 'iii) Required to shower after the last exit cf the day. vinyl chloride below the detectable level, \ (3) Clean protective clothing shall be they shall nonetheless be used to reduce provided whenever contaminated or the concentrations to the lowest prac- polled, but not less frequently than , tieab'e level, and shall be supplemented weekly. Contaminated clothing shall be by means of respirators in accordance decontaminated before reuse by removal with paragraph (g) of this section; for .laundering or disposal. (iii) Wherever no feasible engineering ! <i) ffygicnc facilities and practices. control or worftpractiec method can bo (1) Where employees are required by instituted immediately, immediate res this section to wear protective clothing piratory protection shall be pro; u'eri in and equipment, change rooms shall the necessary protective slaps; (B) The nature of the toxic hazard, including local and systemic effects, acute and chronic effects including specifically the carcinogenic haz.v.d: (O The specific nature of operations wh'ch could result in exposure to vinyl chloride, and necessary protective sters: (D) The purpose for and application of the roodfes! EurvsiUnnc? Tjlrt fni* fl'Si1! juplf e* 1 of decontamination practices; (F) The purpose for arul : mnificancc of emergency practices an:1 procedures; (G) The employee's specific role under normal operating or emergency condi tions; dl) Specific information to aid the employee in recognition and evaluation of conditions and situations which may result in the release of vinyl chloride; <Ii The purpose for and application of specific first aid procedures and prac tices; (J) A review of this standard at the employee's first training and indoctri nation program and annually thereafter. (ii) All materials relating to the pro gram shall be provided upon request to authorized representatives of the Assist ant Secretary end the Director. (k> Signs and labels, (1) Entrances to regulated areas shall be posted with signs bearing the legend: CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT AREA AUTHORIZED PERSONNEL ONLY accordance with paragraph (gi of this , be provided in accordance with (2) Areas containing operations cov section: and i ! S 1910.141(e). ered in paragraph <k> (1) (4) of tins sec (iv) In any case covered by paragraph > *2) Where employees are required by (f)(1) (Ji) or (iii) of this section, the this section to shower, shower facilities tion shall be posted with signs bearing the legend: employer shall also undertime as soon as , shall be provided in accordance with CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT IN THIS AREA practicable a program to reduce airborne j S 1910.141(d) (3). FULL IMPERVIOUS AIR-SUPPLIED EQUIP concentrations of vinyl chloride below i F (3) Storage or consumption of food the detectable level, or to the greatest ' or beverages, storage or use of smoking MENT REQUIRED AUTHORISED FniSONNEL ONLY extent feasible, solely by means of engi or non-food chewing products, and the (3) Containers of waste or other ma neering controls and v.orkpiaetice meth storage or application of cosmetics are terials contaminated with vinyl chloride ods and as soon as feasible. prohibited in regulated areas. . shall be labeled: L U'/i/l-Us FEDERAL MOISttH, VOt- 39, NO. 91--FtIDAY, MAT 10, 1974 OU 473 PR POSED RULES 16899 INYL CHLORIDE CONTAMINATED <ii' Whenvcsselsaretobeentered.au (i> Alcohol intake; -- MATERIAL piping to such vessel shall be: <ii> Past history of hepatitis; CANCER-FUnPI'OT AGENT DISPOSE or or. DECONTAMINATE LSING AUTHORIZED TIIECEDURES (A) Opened, blanked and tagged; or (R) Where Welded piping is in use, not less than 2 valves in series, which isolate Oil) Past exposure to potential hepatotoxic agents, including drugs and chemicals: <4) Container* of polyvinyl chloride the vessel from any other connection to Ov> Past history of blood transfu containing detectable levels of vinyl such line, must be closed and secured. sions; snd chloride shall be labeled: (iii) No employee shall enter a vessel, tv) Past history of hospitalizations. POLYVINYL CHLORIDE CONTAINS VINYL CHLORIDE except when another employee properly (3> At the time of initial employment, trained and equipped for entry is pres-/ or upon institution of aereenlng, a serum VINYL CHLORIDE IS A ent and is observing the employee in the specimen shall be obtained for screening CANCER-SUSPECT AGENT vessel. The observer shall have means with respect to the following blo-chemi- ABSORBED BY BREATHING AND for signalling for help in the event the cal determinations of liverfunction; THROUGH SKIN employee experiences problems. Under (i) Total bilirubin; (5) Containers of vinyl chloride shall such conditions, the observer shall sig (li) Alkaline phosphatase ; be labeled: VINYL CHLORIDE DANGER EXTREMELY flammable GAS UNDER FRESSURE MAY POLYMERIZE WITH nal for help, and shall not enter to assist the employee until another person it present to observe. (m) Transportation loading and un loading. (1) Facilities for the loading and unloading ol vinyl chloride to and tlii) Serum glutamic oxalacetic trans aminase (SCOT); (iv) Serum glutamic pyruvic trans aminase (SOPT); and tv) Gamma glustamyl transpeptidase (GGTP). EXPLOSIVE FORCE from containers shall have each transfer \ (4) Additional tests that may option- POISON line and vapor-equalizing line equipped \ ally be considered for use in screening CANCER SUSPECT AGENT AND ANTITHETIC, ABSORBED HY EREATHINC. and through s:::n with vent connections, and shall have unclude: an inert gas purging system. Vent and (i) Lactic dehydrogenase; purge eiTluant shall be returned to a proc (ii> Scrum protein determinations; ess stream or flared in a safe location, (iii) Serum protein electrophoresis; (6) No statement shall appear on or (2) Procedures shall be developed and ind near snv required sign, label or instruc implemented for the transfer of vinyl | (iv> Platelet count, tion. which contradicts or detracts from chloride. Written copies of such proce- I (5) Laboratory analyses for all biologi the effect of any required warning, in dures shall be provided employees en- Itcal specimens included In medical exam form alien or instruction. gaged ir such operations, and such em illations shall be performed in labora (1) Maintenance end decontamina ployees shall be fully trained and re tories accredited by the College of tion. (1) Ei.vphr.ii.- ska'l be placed upon hearsed in all procedures. American Pathologists or licensed under immediate dear, up ol spills, periodic in (3) Employees engaged in transfer op 43 CFR Part 74. spection, prompt repair of equipment and erations shall be provided with and (6) If the results of screening required leaks, rr.d proper handling. storage and required to wear respirators in accord in paragraph (o)(3> of this section are ^faosni or dcrentaminf-tlc'n of materials ance with paragraph <g) of this section. normal, screening shall be repeated: ^^Wprevent airborne contamination and (n) Polymer handling operations. (1) (i) Every six months for employees prci.ecrir.-f sxi.i 1'i'miti.i r.*,** C***C nde. Waste materials, equipment, ana other sources of v.uyl chloride in closed containers, may not be placed in areas of excessive temperature or sunlight sirce build-up of internal pressure may result in rupture of the container, fire or explosion. <2) Waste resins or other materials contaminated with vinyl chloride shall be placed in closed containers pending dis posal or decontamination. (3) Appropriate procedures shall be developed and implemented for the de Contain?'"? Of rirtJvt'fwi ins .detectable..levels, of _vimu chloride nae reiauea operations for 10 years or shall _be 'ppcned_nntl transferred only under local exhaust ventilation which reduces the.concentration^ of vinyl qhloildejiclcvy the detectable level. more; and , (ii) Annually for all other employees {entering regulated areas. (7) If one or more liver function tests (2) Kot operations, such as but not limited to milling, calendering and ex truding, which release detectable levels of vinyl chloride, shall be carried on only utisnsduee*r lloucttatil ecAxuhaauu&sbt vvecfnJLtiiliarttiiicomn wwhiiiiccxhi .performed are abnormal, serum testing {shall be repeated as soon as possible, preferably within two to four weeks. If ,no abnormalities are present upon re[screening, serum testing shall be re- / reduces the concentration of vinyl ride below the detectable level. chlo- /. pe?(8,,?) I,,f abnormaSlitiets persist : "Screening, the employee shall upon rebe with contamination or disposal of all such waste material, <4) In maintenance or repair opera tions on contaminated--systems or equipment, including vessel entry, em ployees engaged in such operations shall be (1) provided with and required toi wear and use a whole-body air-supplied suit impervious to vinyl chloride, and a respirator in accordance with paragraph (g) of this section: and fiis required to shower after removing protective equip ment, (0) Medical surveillance. Not later than ----------------- 1974. a program of medical surveillance shall be Insti tuted, and shall provide each authorized employee with an opportunity for ex aminations in accordance with this para graph. All medical examinations and procedures shall be performed by or under the supervision of a licensed Doctor of Medicine <MD) or Doctor of Osteopathy (DO). All medical examina tions and tests shall be provided without cost to the employee. drawn from areas where contact with vinyl chloride is possible, and an individ ualized medical workshop shall be in stituted. Suggested as initial steps are a complete phvsical examination and vari ous special procedures such as hepatitis B antigen determination and liver scan ning. if liver function abnormalities are determined to be unrelated to liver dis ease. the employee may be permitted to return to vinyl chloride-related employ ment, subject to Individual medical evaluation. t5> Protective clothing and equipment (1) At the time of initial employment, (9) A complete and accurate record of shall be clean and dry for each use. or upon institution of screening, a physi (6) Whan vessels or piping systems are cal examination shall be performed with opened local exhaust ventilation shall be/ 1specific attention to detecting enlarge provided to remove the escaping vaporl iment of liver or spleen by abdominal from all occupied areas. palpation. the results ol medical examinations shall be made and maintained for the dura tion of employment plus five years, or for 20 years, whichever is longer. (p> Records. (1) Records of monitor (7) (l) Vessels to be entered shall first J (2) At the time of initial employment ing and measuring, medical records, and be ventilated and monitored so that the! ^Macentration of vinyl chloride is reduced level within the protection facton ]p(cn'olhuroeayucelplkeyol.insTttihnhsesihsrtaietlluailsftbtitoeesrn,hcooamafllspicnlmerceteeleuddndiicnebagylq, utahheneisdsttieaoomnnrys Capability of the protective equipment. \ <concerning: regulated area entry rosters and sum maries, shall be made available for ex amination and copying upon request to authorized representatives of the Assist ant Secretary and the Director. \ FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 39, NO. 91--FRIDAY, MAY 10, 1974 OLI 474 4 16900 PROPOSED RULES (2) In the event that the employer (Secs. 8(b). 8(c), and 8(c), 8* Sut. 1593, (eases to do business and there is no sue- J96, ,1S9? ,2S D-c- 855> 37>: Secretary of cessor to receive and retain his records LnborB Order No-12-71 (36 FR 87S4)) Jor the prescribed period, there records Signed at Washington, D.C. this 6th shall be t:..nsmitted by registered mail day ol May. 1074. to the Director, and each employee indi- John Stendct, vidually notified in writing or tilt-. Assistant Secretary Ol Labor. *"5? tarfoyecs and their designated |FR Doc-74-10748 ^74:8:4S *"> representatives shall be provided access to examine and copy records of monitor ing and mcasuririg. t4) Former employees shall be pro vided ocees to examine r.nd copy reccrds reflecting thru- rvr. exposures. (5) Upon writ ter. revest of any em ployee, a copv ci' tiic medical recoid of Mich employee shall be furnished to a physician designated by the employee in such request. <q) Reports. (1) Not later than-------_____ the following information shall be reported to the OSilA Area Director. Any change in such information shall be reported to the OL'KA Area Director within j 5 days of .such mange. <D The address and location of each establishment whi'-h iias one or marc regulated areas; and (ii) Tile number of employees in each regu'Ked aica during normal operations, inch d nr nair/.cnan--'. <2) Xnciccnls whi'-h result in the re lease of vin'l calorific into any area where employ ces may be exposed shall b" reported in accorclrncc with this para graph. U' A report of the r.rcurrenee of the incident and the facts obtainable at that time ir.cl_: ;hg a r.yc;. on any me'.?' treati'itnt of af.occed employees shall i a made within 21 hours to the CSliA Area Director. (ii) A written report shall be filed with the OSHA Area Director wm.un 15 calendar days thereafter and tier II in clude: (A) A specification of the amount of material released; (E) A description of the area involved and the extort of Imown end potential employee exposure and area affected; (C) A report on anv medical trea.tment of affected employees and any medical surveillance program imple mented; and (D) An analysis of the circumstances of the incident, and measures taken or to be taken, with specific completion dates, to avoid further similar releases. (3) Upon completion of any mcnHonng and measuring whkh discloses that any employee has actual5?' teen exposed to detectable levels of vinyl chloride, each such employee shall be individually noti fied In writing. Tire notice shall; (i) Be delivered not later than 10 working days after completion of the monitoring and measuring; (ii) State the actual exposure in terms of concentration and time; and (iii) State the steps which have been taken, are being taken, and will be taken, with specific completion dates, to termi nate the exposure and prevent a recur rence. FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL. 3V. NO. V!--FRIDAY, MAY 10. 1074