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1313 n.4iia.i mjj flU.R UJU1 C.E.1U.1U AMD SHIPPING RBVIXW Q\ ,\ Ik kA . niorkeraird ib Minnt Rintt. FsunAal *i| l' S In (JR. Print*! 1S u. 5 A. !#lb rtatior rovem monthly ey ter .^.ioardman pur. CORPORATION. I Ml T1SBT. mu. 114. PA.. WITH EDI. immn omen street. new Vlf. AND III W. t, CEICAOO >. IU. 4 a C: m na- KiLOina uiv4 | TERMINAL TO*UL fe :m HENRY hila. /EaNOJCO fc sm MO.TT--' LOB ANGI auruforwAML fUMOBCT. ROT err and R R. THOMPSON. E.T.H0WSON. r. a eocr. 44 mm, a. L MOR. aiDorr. l a. oiom. h. R. VICE-PRESIDENT. TREASURER. me* in cmmo BNONI *NO in4 no > toir ' countrihd i ntRUAllHOU ow 4 REACH OR ON < emoptebmowi taoi wn wnonc ---- AND om w *NIT III iR urua Twa ' THROUGH PA I advance wane row cttwai W*RS *I:RS 1 . T** OLD ADOROD , ^ "TW ONR * jyUNEEBINO AN !"?* ha Mar I*5UtD IVIIRI! FOR APRIL, 1944 VOL. XLIX, t\o. 4 . *: /v *r EDITORIAL THE VICTORY SHIP DESIGN. Dp I. THE VICTORY SHIP......... .............................................................. HOW VICTORY SHIPS ARE PNUfACTED PNOM PIRR. VICTORY SHIP ENGDIEBUIHL Bp ArtA--C. Rilii......... PEED WATER COmOL IM VICTORY : WELDING PVTT1NGB i geared pndTvicroRT. Rp& a. w*mw................ MONTHLY SEIPEUIUHFK* REPORT.............................. PRODUCTION OP MERCHANT SKM DURUM WAR M> HP PROPELLING MACRXNERY. Dp W. 0.1 NEFFUC.AHATIOM OH VICTORY RHJPR IiEACMMaW.REI CONSTRUCTOR OP 1 victory mar irjoociwe........................................................................... ......... ...... ORROOH AND MEEI CA4RJR4 RSEI IREB^f RBI NAVY NOT TO REACH DEPARTMENTS MARITIME ACnVTTUR OP TUB MONTH............................................................................ EDITORIAL CMUUNT.......... ............................................................................................... ............................................................ ........ . 0' 1 oofwaocnoM end ihir NESM,............................................................ ..... -- NEWS OP THE UUNJE1RT................................................................................................... MANUPACTURERi OP HUnORT ME HCIMI M--.............................................. | EXHIBIT I x^i b< t BRONZE PROPELLl i w St. 1900 LIBERTY SHIPS The engines of more than 1900 Liberty Ships--and the piping and equipment of hundreds of these vessels are Carey Insulated. TheseJ thoroughly dependable Insulations reduce heat waste and fuel consumption to a minimum ... step up power plant output... save valuable cargo space ... and sund up under all extremes of vibration. - By continuous scientific research, CAREY HEAT INSULATIONS have kept pace with every new marine engineering development. Yon can rely on them for unsurpassed per formance and true economy... proven in service. For details, write Dept 32. Today's propeller design and specific*no for finer blade edges, more accurate section tours and pitch than ever before. Higher maximum utilization of power develop^ dom from vibracion and ``singing,''--all <L chis fineness and accuracy n design and i fiurure. The American Manganese Branae Comps proud of its reparation with the iaspt bureans and diviaioQS in mecnag and gem exceeding requirements. Accuracy in the pm in molding, in setting the molds, careful co of melting and pouring, accuracy in finishing machining--all am roaaac, bos soupaic H s--Parrsmsj Wit ifmisliff in Qnalixy Brocas Casdnjp Forginp for all Engineering, ehmmet and mmtid sacs. Writs he lucssmm and derails. TIE PHILIP CAREY HFI. CO. toexuit, eiseiaaati. oluo DMrBTOJkMXM fHODVCTS SOfCM iff* W al IOIIOK COST YOU MOSS THAI WSOUOHT II hy Lrringston Shipbuilding ad ewaad br Tri .'^WkaCoip% Wu Dapartaant tag la aquippad la Hafl, dach. dack-houaa Important ship piping ___am Byars Wrought Iron. * fib tag la an ll-waldad job, hu pea toaup cl 140. end la pow> > and with 720 SHF DiasaL Daring tha put (aw yaart, tha jpntftght has baaa on tha construe- "" t ai/eaxgo and u vmmIi . . . > not maaa that smallar any laaa important at > la aif laaa ssaantist toad 50 yaaa how that wrought iron I >asmart mains d gutting i disability. A tWTty d aaassls with wrought iron hull% sada a law yarns *gg showud tha dradgo "Chinook'* stfll working aftor 48 yaazsc tha ion btaahar *T C. Lataaba" in tha Choaapaaho ahn 62 tha 'Hack*" bull In 1878 81 plying tha GuM. Thaaa an only a law d many. Tha raaaon why wrought Iron surras o long is (ound la its uniqoa structure. Tha hbers al gUaa-lika silica slag distnbutad through tha high-purity iron baaa tana a aa i ba i art to and piping^ and ail bn ha! oopy? A It Ushad 1864. Offloaa in Pitts Boston, Haw Todt, Ptdlad Washington, Chicago SL Houston Seattle San Pea TUBUUUK AID'HOT HOttJBI HSAT INSULATIONS The whole world marvel*--and the Axis trembles --as American Liberty Ships keep sliding down the ways* joining the great multitude of cargo vessels carrying wax supplies to Allied fighting fronts. Oa many of these Liberty Ship engines over /*/*# bmmdrtd to dare* and oa the piping sad equipment of hundreds of these vessels* CAREY HEAT INSULATIONS are reducing heat waste sad feel consumption to n minimum, increasing power plsat output, saving valuable cargo spec* standing up under all extremes of vibration Continuous scientific research has kept CAREY HEAT INSULATIONS in pace with every new development in marine generating equipment Specify these dependable Insulations for true economy end unsurpassed performance, for details, write Dept. 32. The Philip Carey Mfg. Company . ucfcijnd. Cmcm J.prnjj' e .-.r :,*M IS C***0* TMf Pmi*p :.aai# coui>*vr .;u .isvii 3 \> r: /W Saving precious fuel and steam K&M ''FEATHERWEIGHT" 85% Xfagnesia Every intricate bend of the steam piping to pumps snd appsrstus in the engine room of this cargo vessel is tailored uniformly with K&M "Feather weight'* 85% Magnesia. This widely used pipe covering combines the high insulating properties of basic Carbonate of Magnesia with strong Asbestos Fibres, and is designed for pipes carrying temperatures up to 600 F. It is extremely light in weight and it delivers maximum efficiency. In one shipyard alone, 250 cargo vessels of the Liberty anti faster 16 knot Victory type (pictured above) have been insulated by the skilled covcrera of the Armstrong Cork Company, distributors of K&M "Featherweight" 85% Magnesia. K&M "Featherweight" 85% Magnesia is giving this same kind of dependable service--these same heat and fuel savings--in power plants and industrial process plants all over the country. In fact, from the time 85% Magnesia Insulation was first developed by K&M more than sixty-five years ago, the name "Featherweight" has been a byword for quality with plant operating mm. fi*i> #r TOWS MltCMAMT SAIN I us ouumo was -- inn: YOU DUtMS MACS 5\ KEASBEY & MATTISON rO.MI'ANY AMBLER PENNSYLVANIA Marina Engineering and Shippir^j When Ingalls Shipbuilding Corporation re cently converted this fleet of C-3's, replac ing gun mounts with cargo handling gear, they found the insulation intact and un damaged, ready to serve in peace instead of war. The original insulation of these ships was done by Badham, and we developed many on-the-spot techniques that meant greater safety and comfort for the crews. Insulating merchant ships will require other methods, some in use, others to be devel oped through constant research. Badham's war record forecasts the effi cient, thoroughly satisfactory job we can do in peacetime marine insulation. We will welcome the opportunity to make recom mendations and estimates without cost or obligation to you. BADIIAM INSULATION COMPANY INCOlPOIAfIB BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA 329 Liberty Ship Program Completec Thi> i the eighth himI rnnrlitflinK article of the verier drilling >*ilh (he priMbiclion time of Liberty I'mioii* article apprarrH in ihf fotlnuiiif i<*ne: October. (942; Jim*', 1943; April. May, June tnrl September, 1914; and Februarv. 1915. Tile completion this iihuiiIi of the Inst ni' the various types of Lilierty ships brings to a successful conclusion the world's greatest effort in the direction nf mass pro duction of duplicate seagoing vessels. This building program, sjwnsnred by the Maritime Commission and beginning early in 1941 when the first keel was iaid. produced 2710 ships of 19.467.441 gross tons and 28,764.361 deadweight tons, with triple-expansion re ciprocating steam engine propelling machinery developing 6,775,000 indicated horsepower. This fleet of new ships is two and one-half times greater than the entire prewar merchant fleet under the United States dag winch then totaled 11,617,200 deadweight tons; in fact, it is 25 percent larger than the prewar fleet of the British Empire which totaled 22.133.400 deadweight tons. ^ 1 " the t"tal limit. J' 2-1 were p:aifi a IK i.i''go ships and in tlicir mt riu turn n . :.iim an excellent compari'nit of the pr...!o :n>'iied at each shipyard. This gr..np ! \ e, mpieted in an average of id.'1 days raeli '.Ming to delivery. !.|hcrt\ hip have Ui it inmetted to mam sj.fi i:dpnrp's.- i\p<% . mcindnig colliers, boxed aircraft tr.m-| at-. o tank carriers with special)\ remfor>rd decks heads. merchant scam.iii training s'ho..U!n|.ships. troop transports, and several npc.s of .... i naval auxiliaries, such a railar rt*jmir and me ships. The construction cost of the 2710 vessels $5.4tn).u00,000 and to this must l*e added th T\ri F. 1.-- NVwnFR wn Tonnage of larrup ( 'oXSTKCCTEn. BY TYPE i Type l.'are-s-- EC2-S-C1 C..|iier--FCJ-S-AWl . Tank Carrier--ZKC2-S-C2 Aircrait Trans|.)rt-- ZF.C2-S-C5 Tanker ZETI-S-CJ . No. Gross ions tm-- 258'J 18.544.4;.' 27.i'.TH' .'4 159,432 J/-4 - * 8 57.4P8 PM 4 .Vi 258.3 Vi 347'AO 62 447.790 1.55,11 Totals no 19.467.441 28.714.3, CHART SHOWING Nt.'MDER OF LIBERTY CARGO SHITS COMPLETED EACH MONTH, I94I-194J; AVERAGE M'MIIFK TO Ill'll.D VESSELS COMPLETED EACH MONTH; CCMI'I.ATIVK AVERAGE Nl'MBF.R OF DAYS TO Rl'ILU VESSELS l,|,v | .. \ M 1 Mr i',.' \ V K \i. J IMl. 1 k i *M ri KT* 1 .iblbis Suit'-' Vi>\-li 11n * HV Ua. II > ll I V smi 1941 194.> s 11 v ,i r 11 Atlantic Coa-t `JcImn-l'Airli* M Shipyard, llnltnnorc. Ml. * ' < ,.liv(| 11, 11, ,|> ('m |inM7>V\l('k < n. , hVirLnxI Sliii-lmiMisig L`r;, So. Portland. Me . Wed Yard . I'ncl.ii*-! > 1: C . n :(. (vj), Si 1 VrlljiiJ. Me. East Vj rd 1 . \ .i. il * r V\ tjlllll L*l 'll .\ t. 1.;1: U*.\t| ^ : J< -t ;|| l||t^ 1 ... 1 .Iv k v m 11 ii 1 i.{ Savannah, /la -!i k.n- ' l . I'rm idcncc. K` I ul N o. ol wa> > J lull nrst keel lai<l 16 .4-36-41 6 7- 6-42 6 9-24-41 7 9- S-42 9 5-22-41 0 8-15-42 6 5-22-42 6 6-27-42 62 \v crape \., ..I X u i u i f r t* i f! 111 It't 1*11 Hnv' i*r ,-- -- - _____ vessel |94| 2 I'M.! 1944 1945 1 utal to huiM U1 1 "" -- --* -- ) 2 -- 51 -- -- -- __ _ 1 '.42 (c ) 192 114 21 53 40 ix 51 - ; __ 23; 51 3b 44 {C ) i> ; 44/? .367 (a i __ 384 53 8 11 85 79 7 2t) 120 77.2 19 124 <43.1 -- *i V.1 (4.8 6 82 77.6 S 88 85.6 11 208.7 64 1020 68.1 1 iwl: C<-a*t Sanu I* 1*. *\ V K. Co., Mutulc, r\la. a Shil^inWiiiK lmiany. New Orlcan>, I.a i i .ii'trm tinn Co., Panama I'itv. Fla tJ H-'ii't-Ai Miipluulding Corp.. H<<u>t>>n. Tc\j' <al 12 7-28-41 (6 1 -- 18 i---- 20 137.5 8 10- Ml __ (b) 35 <0 (") 9 132 82 8 6 7- 9-42 -- -- 21 53 28 162 83.0 9 7-18-41 -- 32 74 83 19 208 68.4 35 -- X 132 196 56 462 78.8 Pacific Ga-t duniu Slnpl'iiililiiip Corp., Los Angelcv Cal. jtf ('..nipany, \ aih'ouvcr. Wash. rin'hp C.jjNiratinii. San Francisco. Cal. -gon >!ii|J*iiliiimf Cnrp.. lVrtland. Ore. aunenic M*-t:iU ( irp., l ard No. 1 (d) nu-Him- Milal. t '.,rj>. Vntd N'o. 2 .aal nd T-aal 4I Time -- ii'ii'iruei include* the day of keel U>ine. h FVi -f "'iilt.ict rancellM to permit tanker ccf>tructun. o Fa*it:i*** rmptajed part ,l y<*ar tn special naval tvj*v ships. tdi VarJ pcr\i>/usl* built JO similar ships fee Great Britain. 14 5-24-41 12 4-15-42 6 6-27-42 11 5-19-41 7 5-12-42 12 9-17-41 o2 159 -- 109 -- to*> --s 1 113 -- 5d -- 'J 1 > 322 542 fbl 166 S (b) 10 197 92 187 ><60 1258 31 -- -- 11 16 101 "1D59 (g) -- 306 -- In __ 15 -- 322 -- 138 _ 351 -- 1142 120 2t.24 60.7 80.4 112.2 44.9 48.3 41.1 496 '.1.9 te) Part ol contract suspended to permit construction ot special Navy t'pe vessels (g) Oors not include 30 Liberty type tankers constructed th> Dors not include 22 Liberty type tansers constructed, and 24 I.iberty Colliers. KC-2 Sines3--I.ihfktv C'.ohai Cumpi.ftid Each Month and Avekage Kim be* of Days to Build "-S ? sf uT " !% S -1-1 th ^ber. 1941 0. 1942 nar> . .A f* **? "" rr'M3 mn ................ J enber . flBbrt 1 > 5 5 5 8 V 10 11 10 11 11 12 13 14 14 15 15 15 15 14 12 12 11 12 > j 12 16 26 43 SI 52 57 67 65 68 82 79 81 103 110 120 115 109 no lot. 98 89 118 N u m lirr h u ilt each m outh CV >v.s X* --5C *ihvt- =?w* 1>% 236i.lt 241.3 227.8 217.7 1792 1S5.4 1214 108.4 819 70.1 66.0 56.0 55.0 516 611 59i 58.1 57.6 56.1 53.8 46.8 42.2 42.6 43.2 42.0 >" I .1 5. c 2 t; ^ iJ % = 1" I I Z s z t% w- 0 y 5 17 3J 59 102 15J 205 262 329 394 462 544 623 704 807 917 10.37 1152 !2ol 1371 1477 1575 1782 2.36.0 239.8 2321 225.6 205.6 184.7 164.3 150.4 136.0 122.8 113.6 1010 97.9 92J 88.9 852 81.9 79.1 76 8 74.4 72.1 70.0 (4<.3 (/I.9 *5J Nt. .lit li - j. = "r ft 5 Z_ a"i --X* 'r w w y" a--; -Wo v> ^ c - |! j ffi |||| H V c- S5 - 5 cV3S ** /V v . 3 3S3 s ft * U c 'j (anuary, 1944 i Vbruary . .March April .. May June July August .. September . October .. November .. December . . January, 1945 February .. . March.............. April .. . May June July \ugu-t September i k tolicr . ._ 12 13 13 13 12 10 10 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 6 3 4 Jr l > 2 73 73 83 79 67 55 51 50 43 51 48 44 32 30 21 8 6 7 2 r. 5 440 562 552 55.1 54j 51.4 59J 61.6 58-1 56.9 53.1 48.8 54.0 55.4 602 662 76.1 73.8 70.0 8..tJ 89.0 91.(1 1855 1933 2016 2095 2162 2217 2268 2318 2361 2412 2460 2504 2536 2566 2587 2595 2601 2608 2610 2616 2621 2624 64.5 63.9 63.5 63.2 63.0 62.7 62.6 62.6 62.5 62.4 622 62.0 61.9 61.8 61.8 61.8 61.8 61B 61.9 61.9 61.9 Xutr: Tltfif l`itfurcs ilu not include 62 Liberty bip Unkert auxl 24 l.ilicrty ship culltcrs. u the shipyards in which the ships were cun*tai nl'.kh was more than $300.0un.(KX). 'l )vcr 000 tuns of steel were used in their construction. i| oi the Lilertv ships liave been constructed at new r^sncTPriicv -built shipyards, a total of eighteen Ofis'.aients nartici|iatiiii' in tlte prcigraiti. with I5< ways,, alth'itigli all if these wavs were not utilized continuously for the building of Liberty ships. some licittg devoted to the construction of other types of vessels at various times. All of these emergencv-created Mtipvards arc owned by the Government and are now M'lieduled to lie sold, dismantled or otherwise disposed of in the near future. Stretching along the Atlantic coast from Maine to I'lnrida are eight of these yards with 62 Idni^ a>s. in a.ling the largot <>i the Libert) ship Carolina Shipbuilding Company, and five by Bethlehem- ildirg jar.K, the Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyard with Fairfield Shipyard. w;u>- On the Pacific coast, located in California, During the war about 150 Liberty ships were sunk >ln: -i. ;i an I Oregon, are six l.iliertv building yards as a result of enemy action while others have been ordi !i 62 wavs Along the (iulf coast, in Alabama, Florida, nary marine casualties. Several hundred of the vessels \a> and laiuisiaiia, arc four more of these yards with have been registered under the flags of a number of building lertlis. Many of these yards have con foreign nations under Lend-Lease terms with ownership noted other types of vessels since completing their remaining vested in the United States Government. itra* ts for l.ilierty ships. The first of the Liberty ships were finished late in enilK-r 1941, shortly after the attack upon Pearl Har- liy the f.i|Cinese, when the Bethlehem-Fairfield ShipI .1 ii-1 the (begun Shipbuilding Cor|>oration each Coast Guard Authority to Waive iph te-l one vessel. In the following year the tempo Compliance with Vessel Inspection Laws increased rapidly and 542 were finished. The peak for the production of Lilicrtv cargo ships, as will The authority of the Coast Guard to waive compliance mt d from Table 2, was in 1943 when the entire eigh- with the navigation and vessel inspection laws and regu i I.ilH-rty building yards were producing this type lations of the United States will expire December 31, .es-el and 1238 ships were completed, or almost four 1945, unless the Second War Powers Act is extended * every day. In 1944, production of Liberty ships by authority of Congress. an to tajx-r off, due to the diversion of some of the Waivers were issued during the war for a dual pur ds to the building of Victory ships, but 722 Liberty! pose: first, to insure that full utilization of vessels en e completed, or two every day. In 1945, to the end gaged in the war effort would not be impeded by the his building program, 120 Liberty ships were finished requirements of laws which were designed to regulate the eight yards still producing this type of vessel, the peacetime operations of the merchant marine, and, 'acific coast shipyards built 1142 Liberty cargo ships second, to bring this about without the outright repeal s 30 Liberty tankers, while Atlantic coast yards com- of peacetime requirements so that they could still be ;ed 1020, and the Gulf vards 462 Liberty cargo ships, made applicable in situations in which they did not oper Lil/erty tankers, and 24 Liberty colliers. Not only ate to the detriment of the war effort. re more Liberty ships constructed by Pacific coast The Secretary of the Navy granted a genera! waiver pvards than in the other regional districts, but the of ail the navigation and vessel inspection laws admin .ifir coast yards completed their part of the psogram istered by the Coast Guard conditioned upon findings t. in 1944, while the other two districts were still by the Commandant of the Coast Guard that an applica Iding up to the end of the schedule in 1945. Pacific tion of the waiver would be neoessary in the conduct st Liberty shipbuilders as a group achieved the best rage production time per vessel, turning out their rta of the cargo ship type in the remarkably low rage time of 49.6 days each. Atlantic coast yards had next best average production time of 68.1 days per set, while 78.8 days per ship was the average time turned by the Gulf plants. To tl*e J. A. Jones Construction Company shipyard Brunswick, Ga., and the Todd-Houston Shipbuilding rporation at Galveston goes the rather dubious honor producing the two ships consuming the greatest con- action time, requiring 332 and 333 days, respectively, mrever, there were some extenuating circumstances, e Permanente Metals Corporation No. 2 yard at Jimond. Cal., built a Liberty ship in eight days, the xtest time of any, closely followed by the Oregon ipbuilding Corporation, which produced a vessel in ntcen days. The greatest number of Liberty ships was ik by the Bethlehem-Fairfield Shipyard, which turned t 384 in an average of 53.8 days each before being erted to the construction of Victory ships. The first i ships constructed at each of the eighteen yards olved more than 1.000,000 man-hours time but in te cases this was later cut to as low as 300,000 man- m for succeeding ships. ^robahlv the most revealing of the tables is Table 5, a which will he noted the remarkable production * achieved hy the Oregon Shipbuilding Corporation, total of 150 ships were built at the Portland yard in ity days or less and of these 23 were constructed in days or less. The No. 2 yard of the Permanente of the war or attributable to conditions created by the war. The extent to which waivers assisted in expediting the movements of vessels during the war can be appreciated when it is realized that the only vessels that are exempt from inspection are those ships owned outright by the United States and used for public purpose, except those owned or operated by the Maritime Commission. Among the more important general waivers were those issued on the following: annual inspections; construction, conversion and equipment, including waivers on auxiliary boilers, cut iron valves, control valve for smothering systems, electric cable for tdephooe, escape hatches and crash panels, flanges, lighting distribution panels, hours of wont oo tugs and WSA vessels; lifeboats, life floats. Hie preservers, and life rafts; lights and signals oo ves sels ; load lines; employment of aliens; and various other matters involving merchant vessel operation. In addition to these general waivers made by the Com mandant, specific waivers were made by Dima Coast Guard Officers and Coast Guard merchant marine de tails overseas covering individual cases where the delay in sailing of a vessel wss regarded u a hindrance to the war effort. The Coast Guard, while advocating a return to prewar requirements at the earliest opportunity, is well aware of the situation that can develop if the authority to grant waivers is not renewed. The Service, therefore, favors the issuance of waivers in cases of necessity to keep the maximum number of vessels running with the minimum amount of inconvenience to the operators. It is believed the industry is cognizant of the advan l.tab Corporation built 157 ships in thirty days or tages derived from the issuance of the waivers during i Only three other yards were able to build vessels the war. It is for the general interest of the ship opera thirty days or less and they finished eight vessels in tors, therefore, that information concerning the possible a time, this including two at the No. 1 yard of expiratioa of waivers on Decoriber 31, 1945, u made mttnrnte Metal* Corporation, one by the North known. r. 1*5 177 boken, N`. J, which is injected line tlie industrial held during the war is now being 1!ii`C art. nude in am si- combustion chambers of the boilers where adapted to ships at sea. This is called prv -t d tit, or thr-aded ton it is vnperizrd lo a gas which chemically Marine .Airkcm Chlorophyll Air Frr-di- ll.H'Ci- 'ij-.n which l'n y m\ attacks : c dt|M,.its r.n t>it tnc .-whs of i in r and i- o :-ip"scd "f a C"inplex u 1.. *>mt11j, landiem 1 In i the boiler lulus. It) clirnm ally rink-sing "f substances H`im plants and actuated ivti** \ mii tf m to u i! v v such deposits ami keeping t' - :u!cs clean < fill-r<-I'iiy II. These aromatic substances of, u' pin! iii rt i|rt*catMik: and brignt. the dicks arc ki.pt free from Maiine Airkcm when volatilized nv-*r soot, lie thermal cfTicicncy ui the boiler firing fbwvtu'uahlc odors under Control. is also improved, reducing iucl costs, and stack fin.- arc eliminated. ITo actuated chi--rnphy || rc<inrcs n, tut ,,u u. an,i gives it that pb.a-ui- hlc ,n;!'i -i. t fiect. Triple-Action Watc Nozzles Insulation Saves Fuel The imrortancc "f insulating aii steam and refrigeration lines .if - - a j r| sini- tor greater CC-.u iniy of ipeiation li is long been recognized. Hut now the im l shortage re M.,n:iv Vtrk, in was developed in the laboratory and pe riveted over many yi-nrof restarch A tier rs'.oMvc tests hy the Kesiarcn Department of Northwest L'niser-ity ami L\ W P. Turner. Professor of Cbcinnai F.nctneerir'g at Columbia L'ni\crsilv, Airkcm was put on the market. It has been used successfully on board naval hospital ships, submarines and Coast Guard \T"l Is. The units which evaporate Airkcm into the air stream arc easily engineered into existing air conditioning units whether large overall systems or small srli-containcd intiis are used. Another application is through evaporation from a 151-s-ounce bottle sup plied with a special wick. These bottles will lake care of small spaces such as N, w triplc-acti- "t M , J ` 'A .'l' I OG mizzles. '1113 v; KockwcioJ Sprinkler Compeev Ma, art available for iemu anti J' j-ii tli tire ln-c lire? T 'riginaily designed by lbl'ior the Damage ami Fire CC::ni the Hiirt-au of Ships anil it as standard for use on most ra Thousands of the nozzles are r>' on vessels t,| the Navy, O-ast G tune Commission anti Army Tra Corps, as well as in indu-tria! This nozzle provitlcs excillcnt ing action oil fires in ordinary c as will as fires in flammable Is,, riais ami cases. cahins on ships. A few minutes after a bottle has been opened all odors arc con trolled and the Marine Airkem gives a fresh Automatic Recirculating emphasizes the conscrxation oi fuel sup plies. Carey 85 percent magnesia and Carey as air eh ret t<> the space. All inquiries concerning this product should be addressed to the William W. hhort Comnany. J74 Madison Avenue. New York 16. X. Y.. which is national dis tributor ot Marine Airkem. The Hammel-Dahl Compar dencc, R. 1., has brought out an reviiculattrg valve dc-tened t; damage to centrifugal U.ilcr fe. eausetl by water flashing to sit when the holler feedwater regular bestos cement supplied by The Philip Carcv are closed. This is accomplished Manufacturing Company, Lockland. Cincin nati, 0., have long been standard materials Incliopd-Porr Rotating Pump matically hy-passing a minimum 1 Ions per minute of water from t> for insulating these lines on ships. In iact, Carey insulations such as Carey Hi-tcmp No. 19 and 85 percent magnesia, in com Valve The Sims valve, manufactured by the the D. C. heater thrnugu a m line. The units maintain a deze mum flow of water through the r bination, can be used for equipment and lines where temperatures range as high as 1900 degrees F and are delivering excellent service on vessels all over the world. Sims Tump Valve Company. Inc., N'tw York, is a practical. scientifically designed valve, adaptable to reciprocating pumps in all kinds and conditions of service. Tlie Sims valves are guaranteed to overcome such troubles as valve slam or knock, scat- feed pump for all operating cnoT-t The vahes are fabricated for in the exi-ting piping and locatrc to tlie discharge connertion of l Two types of valves have been cr one having direct connection ard Adding the Third Dimension to Air Conditioning imprinting of disks, slip, valve stem and having offset connections to perm lation where interferences are enr A recirculating flow rate indx sembly is mounted at a level wf As soon as the shipping situation eases and vessels under the American flag begin to carry passengers as in the good old days, the passengers will travel in much greater comfort One of the prime reasons for may readily be observed by the v provides an intnntancuus reading - per minute of the volume of war by-passed through the recircnlatir to the D. C. heater. this comfort will be improvements and de velopments since the war in the theory and practice of air conditioning for `hips. One Process to Preserve Idle of the basic functions of air conditioning systems, whether on land or sea. has been Initiated by Navy that the systems were desigred for the cir The 10.000-ton cruiser ?r--i culation of air and cither the cioling or heating of outside air taken into closed into temporary drydnek at t^e f* Navy Yard on October At, sr-r- spaces. Air conditioning systems, however, protected against deterioration by > did not provide for a most essentia! func spring breakage, and the steam waste they dehumidification method. tion--that of odor control. No matter how cause. They greatly reduce and usually Captain M. Gordon Donald. dre fast you circulate the air, the system re entirely eliminate cheek valve slam and tion officer of the Navy Bureaus^ circulates aJl the odors of the space it fluctuation in pressure so important in oil said the new ly-developed process \ services plus the odors of the mechanism. service pumps. it possible for the Navy to preseA On ship board the galley odors, bilge The complete Sims valve consists of five dreds of fighting ships for 2D J water odors and odors from the machin parts--the scat, disk, rotator, spring and longer. ery and cargo penetrate to the passengers' stem. Instead of the usual straight ports the The Brooklyn is servinr as a * cabins. To overcome this a new product Sims valve seat has inclined ports, formed the "debumidification and pre-r which has proven highly successful in the by ribs with rectilinear warped surfaces. program. 278 Marine Engineering irxf S Your special requirements easily met by ARMSTRONG'S CONTRACT SERVICE FOR HEAT INSULATION FLEXIBLE PLANNING, to conform with the practicHl necessities of each maritime in sulation job. is an important part of Arm strong's Contract S< rvice. And crews of experienced workmen, who do top-notch work even under difficult conditions, as sure the success of Armstrong plans. These arc only two of the advantages you get by using Armstrong's Contract Service. You also get Armstrong's specialized engi ne ring skill and materials of tested effi ciency. Furthermore. Arm strong takes full responsibil ity for every detail of the work. For complete details, write today to Armstrong Cork Company. Industrial Insulation Dept.. fjjfik)5201 Concord St., Lancaster. Penna. I w fcj FAST WOK it necejury, in many cate*, in insulating hightemperature equipment. Contract Service to cooperate l At the Navy't Precommis.ti.ovntuinngf CCeenntteerr,, NNrewwpp<ort, R. I.. virtually every type of eqoui-ilp- with cither contractors was a big factor in getting the job done on time. mmeenritt ffound o- n naval vessel* was installed for instruction purposes. Speed was the order of the day, and Armstrong's Contract Service, working Above, main steam tinea are shown covered with combina tion high-temperature and 85% Magnesia insulation, fin ished with asbestos cloth jack closely with the mechanical contractor, irraulated the pip ing as toon at it was hung. et sewed over asbestos paper. At left is the 250 KW Turbo Generator, covered with 2* of As fast at lines were approved, plastic insulation and finished insulation was installed on with hard surface asbestos. t; welds, unions, and Hanget. Alto shown it the atmospheric The ability of Armstrong'* relief valve, insulated with re fminoisvhaebdle wasitbhesatosbsebsltaonskedtostahn. d Lu ARMSTRONG'S INDUSTRIAL INSULATION H. ? .; ],ifrenj ioOP Complete Contract Service Temperatures |\ iVonj 9 19 |<loW Zgra A ," -V fohrnh*it.< a U*Mrv*(f-E*dl Ta Ml buiii by fb* i*m*** IMw X.4Uf bv lK lWfn Shi|>KMM^ CaMta>*. ttar Oty. Mwhifan. ktt*hpr A HHW but iMtlaiuM iMiaitcl by cka Imtmi Carl CanHr> K&M High Temperature Insulations SPcwe SPtecwn a#u/ SPrnvek / Keasbey & Mattison Asbestos products have seen extensive service in the Marine Field during the war. The above example is typical. The intricate network of steam lines, which are an essential part of the DE'S power plant, are completely insulated with K&M "Featherweight" 85% Magnesia and K&M Hv-Temp Covering. K&M "Featherweight" 85% Magnesia Insulation is designed for temperatures up to 600F. -- Hy*Temp for temperatures to 1900F. The proven quality and dependability that these K&M Insulations have shown at sea has also been apparent in every industrial use to which they have been put. In hundreds of plants throughout the country, these insulations are daily saving tremendous quantities of heat, fuel and power. KEASBEY & MATTISON COMPANY AMBLER PENNSYLVANIA u.