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a new plastic hits the road ifplpfi I..........I mm LATEST IN BATHTUB TOYS? Hardly. But at three our young lady is more intrigued with the way these nail and hand brushes float than the way they scrub. As their manufacturer, though, we can testify to the quality of their c leaning work. Molded of "Alailion" polyethylene resin and containing "Tynex" nylon filaments, they are chip-proof, flexible and practically unbreakable as well. From the same materials we also make complexion brushes for Mommy and comb and brush sets for young Susan and her pals. Soap boxes and toothbrush containers in soft, appealing colors are of "Alathon", too. Look lor them under the DuPont label at your department, drug or variety store. BRUSHES AND COMBS DU PONT PLASTICS PRODUCTS DIVISION Empire State Building 350 Fifth Ave. New York City #PH> BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING . . . THROUGH CHEMISTRY Cover artist Vince Hoffman gives iih an x-ray glimpse info ihc sample nisi1 of a VI1' in Aimrriran business, (.he mission ary for a new product, ' In this in stance the prod uct is Du Pont "Delon" acetal resin (see lead article), and the samples include typewriter keys, a zipper, comb, gears, "pen bar-' rel and drill handle molded of the plastic. You can't buy them, because the plant that will make the resin ism'I, yet in production. But market development and product testing are in full swing, since the ih ic k !,ions posed by future user:? of "Deli-in'' run beat be answered by helping them prove if. out. JNofe the jaunty swing to the sample case. II, symbolizes the optimism we found among the men behind "Delrin". rub SSL u iv y ^o l l Komi* | ico pie have been upset recent ly by talk about subliminal advertising-..a process by which a picture of |lopcorn. say. is flashed on and off the screen so quickly that von don't know you've seen it but are left, with an irresistible urge to buy some. .Notlung to worry about, implies a new report by the Advertising Research Founda tion. "The evidence," says ARK. "is inauf Iknenf, l,o draw any conclusions about il>e merits or even the possibility of subliminal advertising." This takes a load off our minds. We'd been wondering how we could conform. Disappearing ink? Fugitive scents of our bell,er-smelling product* sprayed on the page? Now wo can slick lo flic supraliminal without a ({Malm. 1 lore's n saline to Jimmie John Jamagin, 21, of Jel more, Kan, This young mull with till* euphonious name is flic 8iur Far mer of America for 1958, t i n- highest honor beslowed by I lie Faittiv .Farmers of America on out* >(' its members. Only three years out ul flu; high school where he .studLed vocational agriculture, Jimmie John already has a .SIR.tutu equity in a -81. i i.uOO wheat farming and catUc ranching <)['raf ion. Rxcept for a 100-acre gift. Iron; Ids lather, everyl liiug lie owns lie has earned. Ho now holds title to 1.280 acre* and rents 320 more. We lake our liais off In young Jarnagio and his fellow winners in FRA regional com. petitions. As a supplier of chemical prod uct* lo the farm. Du 1 'om. is one of ;!!)() corpora I o donors to the FFA program through tin* FFA Fouiwlation. We're h;ippy i.o onngrnl ulal.i* i be F1<'A on still anoilter score, IPs heartening to .know that these GoO.UOO American young men can think of something to do with lheir hands l*esitkw beat each other up. "What we need are more organizations like FFA, not. only for young men on farm* hill, forcil y boys, too,'' says Clark W. Davis, general manager of Du Pont.** (.irasselli t'-heinicul* Dept, and a judge in this year's FFA romp!*: 'I l<v;. ART AND PHOTO CREDITS t hivoy m i : Vim'onl. is I InihiiaiR 2m i covoi': M.-fRiTy L< w .k ; rtf-Iil p. lihitnri' Kurn.crM of AmiricD; j*|*,2,, 4, Hi, Hi, V,. IB, o o iiHt pi, kil X;. Hd U-o is i rij'.Hj p 2iR t >p rijflil p. \HJ: Jfoip.ar N, AiLims; !t:H p. !*: .Mian At-lu vilk-: lipiu j r |*p,, 3 1 & IVj : i'lmihii < tsit'll,1; lop p. <*: Am*'i io:tn AiriuH->;; hot |<*ltl 11 li, hoi I om p. 3 1, 3iul.1i.tn p. l-l, p]_ ha. lUl & a 1 : WiTlIrr VVuJiL lUtu-k Slav; p|i. h & h: I I. AniifUrmiM Hubers?!; m|> p. 1 1 r IMioSo AHHtJi'ial.ns; 1 2` Aiiliio's I'lioio Ss-i vico; 1<:j> p. 1 "A: -lohit tliivi'c, 1 nr.; inp & t'enter p 14: V\ashin^lim Wain I `iiwi'r 3 'o.; pp. IK& 21: UnilsM iViviK luinnaJ i:mni; p, t*OK? rcnU'i* p. 21: Karl Simnif.; p If I - l!nion 5 3 `(imp.m\ ; p. 2*' i'.ulur.Vi'vb': p. :2V h<> CIk -i -lm; p. 2iP t ,,-t<vyx I TynohJ.-:; hi ill uni p, '.HI: t U-i srpo Jei'va??; 1 up riplii |>. "'S- 1 M. !l-in;irc;.t: h'H p,, l Hurst' < \unbalR':G "h >1 Umi iii(lu j>. ifiJ: t'hrvsh'f i "os p. CHANGE OF ADDRESS l`ii m---tin` hvnvasf: your uoxl copy. :tMid your ih **v :uJf frits prom Hiy I-UIId h ', ! Ht I'uitl Wilmingioti p-R. I Vl, Sfipl \.UI pilshd'rtH wiili jin' j h 'W, 'm'lss?ntij' il poKpibls- yoi-i' uk Ircyid IaJh -I. 1*i :U ol.iiV* will tu>I joi vsaiM Hu?, mofit- -/u k * unUhii you prAVMlo c k It a j o a r c . 2 Countdown on "Dolrin" 5 Solely fix' silicon fi High si vie for flu* ji*. s 8 Sounding oui iho marketnl;ice 10 Benui ii'ul ii;`(;sbes I I. He;nr. iful loci,.-;, ioe I? "thnjitn' chemisfs'' of il- Mesa hi Ul I'he fUCi'(*;;;.! td ssvi'ci ami'll 1 t Now dicy 're heating with pa) vi If* I `os i inflation: New tivlmujut for nylon tin's lb JSSew iirtci'ics! for old 10 riciit; I'.h v for printed circi ils `20 Alaska's "poor tios "" oilmen 22 At home in the olliee 2-t The bakei' mid the candy maxi 20 Pocldelnir* by the yard 2V Mcdrtllioiis AO I'oatcd as \on like it- i;.: a :. :> H A 28 ICsNs'w 22 To: (lieiiiists. R & D GORDON II. KPSTHR fVoV.'or KMll.V 11 N K .tSSiNTfl;!' /*, /I'fC; i "upv-iRIjhi iB.'-ip py p ih; 1 \.!! I .: i Ni'm >;n. f<... \S'ilj!tiri;l,;n. HfLiW.irc-. \ r 'Oils iV-.ei-U'. Tilts in:"; i.- n%c ul Hxrri'n.' miiiv *i'R In* (. prodlii't`:l in :ii*\ litiTt! u ii hot.- |>r!'!i!fo>i-oo i xxritin;' hosn t ho pliHlb.] ud*. IV.rlibl in l arc sirring, durable and can be Jiilirkiilraf iwiioJiiicoIly In u full range of colore. COUNTDOW ,-J,x Imtnehiiig lime n ea rs fur I hi /*u eon/iruling iobonilorv preiUeti More than 250 companies, looking ahead to the lii-nt commercial production of "I Dlrin" acetal resin a few months from now, are evaluating the new engineering material in nearly 500 dilTemnl, test programs. Thin intensive activity climaxes four years of end-use testing for the therrno- IjJastii, and right now it's developing ail array of parts and | >rod ucl.s m.'iilcof'l lelrin" that; you can expect, to Him liy liltit). Volume production of the rosin will begin in mid-|!)f>0 at a plant; being built at Parkersburg, VV, Vn. The newcomer will join Du Pont':: (Ousting team of engineering plastics... "Alatlxm" polyethylene resin, "Lueil.t.*" acrylic resin, "Teflon" ThTl-fltloroearbon resin, "Zy tel" .nylon resin. Now projected uses 1'or "`DelrLu" are corning to light almost daily as makers of automobiles, appliances and oilier consumer products, 'packagers and machinery mnnii factiircrs pul. the plastic through its paces :in their plants and laboratories. Provided by l)u Pont with exhaustive information and suggested applical ions for the new material, many of lliem .have ccjiue up with new ideas and often finished prod ucts...of their own. Current test applications enver nil strip's from preliminary studies to . completed projects and are I (earing oid. per- lorriutiice predictions made by developers of the material. "Reports from (.he field show that I lie unusual cojiiljiiialkiua ol properties offered.......... by `Deirin'---those that are unmatched by BMBBBISMWgP WEEEi5EmM..j.JUMA Hi mwk i '' .tf kT-i f BS i - u: i; *. i- v/. --S <11 cfct'lrii'.ii sli*M'k from jmw<r H'lini nsrr is "p 2 e i Kf& i ie . t >lii: ill . ! Uf.iih cj '' ; , i i;;i,. i;:i jji rlVi llv di rough tvu* summer*" n- in Iih mi spunkier. ON "DELRIN" ny j ami-is ii, m.-c o k mic k (i(ir engineering ihermoftlastie, lutntfretls of imiuslritti lent nuts tire of n bright future in many applications* Here's it progress report, other thermo plant irs an* impressing potential users most," says product manager Jack Manning, Automotive engineers have molded the tough plastic: into test housings far dashboard instrument clusters, lot* example. Here, as elsewhere, the design engineer usually chooses a material to do ihe particular job on the baths of certain property romliinafions. No lot;;: them nine: ehuraeteristica of "Delrin'' are important for the tnstrtnneiil housings. J1 forms units that are strong and tough, have tin; desired stillness, are dimensionally stable at temperature extremes and under load. They can lx; made in any color and are easily (abrienfod and serviced. The plastic autoinatieally becomes an elect ideal insulating barrier IxTween instruments raising the possibility that future dashboard wiring might com slst of printed circuits implied directly to Hit; housing. Likely uses .for "Deb-in" abound hi automobiles, in fact. It's bang considered for door handles and window cranks, bushings and bearings lor suspension systems, gears, housings, casings for speedometer cables and parts for windshield wipers, pumps and carburetors (.where its resistance to hydrocarbons pays o(T). Mechanically, (lie lesters arc (biding, " 1 felrin" thrives on tough operating eonriil ions. In one ease, sleeve hearings were made of if for connecting rods in a :1 horsepower gasoline engine. They remained in good rondii.ion for the d oral ion of the lest.-- 70 I-.ours of opera! ion at. 1 emperal ures up to 250" l<\ floor truck rasters for industry have demonstrated such Imv cretsp.. deformation under load... that a weight ol' 500 pounds or, each wheel failed to flatten them, even after prolonged standing. Pipe plugs exhibited this same low creep property by holding a pressure of 500 psi for 150 hours at a temperature of 2f0'T\ The cosl conscious appliance industry also is giving the material a Ihni-niigh going-over. After making up a large number of refrigerator bandies from il ami piiHr.itt t hem on iest, one company' is con vincixi t hat "Delrin'' oilers a gfi per cent cost saving in l.hal. application. At the sime i.imr, it's good i<> look at, pleasant, lo (lie touch and resistant to kitchen slums mid hard wear. The* resin is destined for tisc in nmcemiis appliances and plumbing fixtures because it is dimensionally stable in. cold and hot water and won't, corrode, it's a candidate for dishwasher and washing machine parts, shower!a-at is Vl, l,.,,,!,..,. f an,,i.:,.i' rO THESE TYPICAL ITEMS.. ."DELRIN" CONTRIBUTES: PUMP IMPELLER close-tolerance molding good abrasion resistance stiffness at elevated temperatures ; perrrianen! color ..'.WRiWtlTli.... ... *. aeonamical ..fabrication. KEYS excellent stain and . . solvent resistance. . APPLIANCE HANDLE stiffness plus tensile strength attractive appearance economical fabrication .. * ""dimensional'stability... SHOWIRHEAD corrosion resistance range of colors PURSE AEROSOL solvent resistance and low permeability attractive finishes high impact strength SLEEVE . BEARING * low friction arid creep * toughness and resiliency ........good.atj.ra.sjq.n resistance * solvent resistance . fatigoe.endiiranca.with ....pu s h -p u l l .... ...... toughness and strength CABLE CASING dimensional stability low coefficient of friction and components of toilet mechanisms. Tills holding of size and shape in water also has helped It win preliminary approval in several multi-link conveyor belt Installations, particularly in food and beverage proc essing plants. Low friction, good wearing qualities and the fact that injection, molding of the links is an unusually economical fabricating process also were factors. In the clothing accessory field, "DeMn" has passed 'musterin "articles ranging from "zippers and snap'fasteners' to buckles and collar stays, largely because of its light weight, corrosion .resistance, and. warm., feel,. Another fea-. tore is being eyed speculatively--It can be dyed as well as pigmented, thus opening up eventual possibilities of dyeing the'accessory'and fabric nt the same"time............................ Prototype pens and mechanical pencils of "Delon" show excellent stain and solvent resistance, while toys and sporting goods made from it are tough, durable and colorful, . As a packaging material, the resin has been molded successfully into bottles, caps and closures and aerosol containers. Resistance and low permeability to almost all solvents and many'other chemicals make it an excellent .prospect for..sped.al.lifl.ua..packaging as well.............. '........ A number of companies already have decided to sub stitute "DeMn" for .such metals as zinc, aluminum, brass and 'steel, "or for wood,'"rubber'orother plastics, and the list"" is growing. They believe the change will improve their products, save., .them money, or.both... . ; ....................... Savings often stem from a reduced need for much of the finishing and machining that metal requires. In addi tion, because it is easy to fabricate in complex shapes, a single part of "DeMn" frequently can replace several parts normally made of something else. It is easy to injection mold, extrude, blow mold and machine. " `Delrin' Is predictable and dependable," notes Man ning. "We believe that, as a member of Du Font's team of .engineering materials, it .will pioneer new fields for quality plasties. *'..................................................................... That's the course predicted for "Delrin" as launching ...time nears,.... '......... : ...... :......................................... ,n r1 CONVEYOR BELT LINKS solvent, stain and corrosion resistance strength and stiffness * low creep'arid friction PLUGS ... touglmess-aiKl-strength * economical fabrication * forms high pressure ..... liquid seal................. CARBURETOR solvent resistance fatigue endurance tensile strength at elevated temperatures hijl; 5 jr. It:-* MHpl ! b >-.i [>s :i\ , i's.i f, Tin' world'K ftrst. |dnnt built, solely to produce silicon wool- into prodliet.ion this year without :i hitch. It's Du Pout's new Brevard plant, located on a shaved off mountain top in western North Carolina. Pour grades of hyperjmre silicon are being produced here for makers of tmnnist.ora, rect.iiiers, diodes and solar cells..semiconductor devices that are vital to the manufacture of more compart, and Hlirient communications et|ui|mient. ICverylhing in and a bout, this sprawling, witidmvlass plaid was de signed for cleanliness, and it. paid off right, from the start. Listen to L. S. Grogan, plant, manager: "We planned to make a few (rial runs and corrections that are nearly always necessary in a new plant, but on (.lie llrst run the silk-on was there-- purer than we had ever been able la achieve at our Newport (Del.) facility." Net so surprising, in tight, of the planning that, went Into (he project- Hite, engineers checked more I Ivan 1.0(1 lueat ions in many -dales before they chose Brevard for its exceptionally clean air. Even so, all air to the plant is iiltercd and conditioned ns a further safeguard to the critical process. And, most important, everybody in the plant helps to keep it. spotless. Grogan himself checks the housekeeping will, a white handkerchief. The plant is aided continuously by the Pigments Department s new technical service laboratory at Chestnut Him. near Wilnimgtof i, l >ei. It. double-chocks the silicon's characteristics, works on technical prob lems encountered by customers and does research on techniques. Latch', much effort, has been concentrated on the floating Mine process, a method of making .silicon crystals Iron) rods. The crystals ait' more uniform than those drawn from molts and contain fewer impurities. A moving molten zone sweeps must of the impurities to one end of the crystal, resulting in n higher yield of usable material. Techniques learned in these experiments are passed on to customers. You'd think spirits might be dampened by the stilt requirements of silicuu refining--t he need to hold impurities down to parts per billion. But plant, morale is high, and (.he reason is simple: Silicon's future has .never shone brighter. guard silicon process agaiiit-l ntil la miuants. Vt riglil. an c\ai riiucnl hi Healing '/.one rctmiltg is living cuudtu-lcil al I hi (`out I'igiuciits taLn'nlors l\, I > ill M-j'l M A A > lir'Hnr nf r r m I n i i ial !r>ini, ia r< .-poit-Shlr for intenur ihVor til nrw jp*t. Small -u alrh u ;is h ihpiru ? i m lor iij iIk Uh:r\ faliric. It h l .~ < !u jtlira I rci almost i'\yc|[\ |\ i ,<j IIiu h A \,i m:m, *vrt*ji| flinl ns loll u;t> ill Inu j I hilinr for ilur;ili!l! V. Hy LOU1SIC ,J GmiUPM triorniiiL'. ladies and gentlemen. We are happy to have you all aboard American Airlines' Flight Two, '/O'/ Jet Flagship service nonstop Los Angeles to New York, We will cruise today at 585 miles an hour at an altitude of 85,000 feet. Ouresti nuilnd (light, time to Jdiowild: lour 1 k iu i'h . HO minutes. Thank you." With these words from nil American Airlines' stewardess next month. Urn jet age will arrive for roitst-to-cousl travelers. Tl iis is l.o lie tin; first scheduled passenger run from .Los Angeles to New York, and it will take place in early January...six months ahead of schedule. 1'jverything about American's new jetliner, (lie Boeing 707, is exciting-- its size, ins performance, its appearance inside and out. The swept-wing sky giant, offers ef fortless l.ako-olTs and quiet,, vihration-frix; rides at. altitudes from 25,000 to *10,000 feel. I (. has a cruising .speed of approx imately 000 miles an hour. By contrast, I91H airliners bumped along at 100 mph ami today's top piston-engine plane cruises at about ,105 mph. a m, a ib h a ii The ?07'h other vital statistics are equally impressive. The fuselage is It! feet longer and the winospread J1 feel, greater than the largest passenger plane now tlying in the O. B. 'The 707 can lift a pay loud of 40,000 pounds--11,980 for the largest piston-engine plane - - and can carry as many u k 150 passengers. For the average air traveler, however, the jet's biggest single advantage isn't, measured in pounds or in feel, but in l ime. A passenger now can cross the nation in a mere four and a half hours. Fastest previous time: around eight hours. Along with this saving of lime goes a new atmosphere of luxury in the plane's appointments. The cabin reminds you of a modern living room. The color scheme combines and contrasts shades of blue, turquoise, pumpkin and golden Ian; a relaxed mood replaces the often utilitarian r. American Airtioox* jet liner a rorilabto li villi' room irith tvings flavor ui' pro-jet plant's. This new look is credited to E. < Tiberl Mason, American's director of industrial design. "I fesigning lor jets itxiuiresan alertness to innovations la all areas in fabrics ns well as In engineorms: and styl ing," said Mason, who's also an architect and industrial engineer, "The new materials. however, must meet (lie usual stringent requirements lor use in aircraft. Fabrics, for example, must be color Cast, lightweight, flame-rests taut and easy to maintain." Nylon fabrics have met. these tests in the past. Mason told rue, so he turned l.o them again for the 707. Working with nmol her old hand in this specialized field Edward A. Sindh, sales manager of Collins & Aik man's trans- pnrl al ion fabrics division be selected fabrics of Du Toni, nylon for upholstery, curtains, hassocks and carpet. ill \UVTK1N V.NtlK. COST \ flStttll.KM As a specialist in fabrics for tite Iraii.spurl.at.ioii field, Collins & Aik man is well aware of the airline industry's problems. Maintenance costs have been climbing imielt faster than revenue. Tims a fabric's ability to take abuse ar=d survive cleaning is an important, attribute, (foilins &. Aik man tests all new yarns and fabrics in its plant. When bet ter materials are found, they're recommended to eitstomers. The family of new fa dries lot' the 707 was devel oped in (.his way. Their backbone is yarn of Jill Toni, nylon. In die upholstery fabric the yarn is textured to give a soil, bulky surface. Vet (be fabrics have high abrasion resistance and tensile strength and can be cleaned easily. In the two-lone carpet, the loop pile of Itil! per cent nylon eoutrilmlcH durability and resilience. Several of these jet-age fabrics gain added glamour from glil iering metallic yarns. In all Collins & Aiktnaii fa lines, these yarns are made with Du Tout "Mylar" polyester film. One big reason, says Smith, is (hat. "Mylar'" easily withstands I ho heat of a dye bath. Since ii also doesn't, pick tip dye ini ended for nylon, the iabrics can he piece-dyed dyed, that is, alter weaving. The lilms strength, he goes on, means that- metallic yarns made with it resist, breaking on the loom, "We believe l)u Tout nylon and yams made with `.Mylar* are tire heat, available materials for fabric* that lima* tosiand (heabuses of transportation use," Smith con eludes. "We simply can't make better fabrics today than those we're supplying American ior its planes." Meanwhile, more of tite luxurious jet liners are on (he way. An estimated HO. operated by eigdit different, airlines, will be in U. S. service, by (he end of lbob as the world-shrinking air age enters its latest phase. 7 Virliurr's iijilxilslm hilirics ;;ml I o.fouc carpel ;uv iii.irr et I In IV.nt rp Inn lernunitinim w ear. r:: >< of Ir.n my 1 It in. si run;' ntei.dliv ram made Will *`M \ Inr" un<!> Ims h -Iv . W1 ml, do people What do they waul? Whore ami how will they ;et il.? When? At what price? Aon get tin; answers lay : L Tv \ Wind, unfilled i; do you h o c --other than a good nickel cigar, perhaps...when you look at the gigantic, complex marketplace that is the United States today? Your answer has to he based on information that l ias come your way, whether from MtaliNlie.s or street-ronier ronverd.iijite. Seeking out such fuel.;; and drawing con- elusions from Lilian are the prime duties of an Increasingly important segment of American buiuiiessi: market research, Du Pout's market researchers see their activity m a sort of radar installation that scans the business horizon, locates significant objects and interprets them for head quarters use. Due to ilie company's wide field of interest, their ob jective might be: a single "blip" or the entire screen. A full-scope look turned up these figures recently, for instance: 3.5 mil lion American business establishments have no mechanical air conditioning, nor do more than 00 per cent of the country's 4!) million wired homes. Pour out of live houses art: without freezers, only a per cent have dishwashers and 14 per cent clothes dryers. 'Phase huge potential markets spell unfilled needs, hut what, are Ihi\y7 'Phot's where groups like Du Po iiI'h Marketing Research Division (ill a need, themselves. "How many people actually want tin* comfort or ionvenicjiee of those devices:?" manager Harold Ladd might ask. "How many of them live where they would be of benefit; What kind, shape and color would suit them best? J low much are they willing or able to pay for them?" The questions could goon endlessly, depending on their purpose. Du Pont makes "freon" refrigerants, linishoH, plastics, wire coatings, insulation arid other items used in air conditioners, for instance, hlacli product would demand Its own .set nl answers before any solid conclusion could be reached as In it*.; future there. Specific answers can be gathered in many ways. The oldest ami still most valuable means used by Du Pool is the trade report from represent atives in the field, its importance was recognized before the turn of the century, and il, has been a major responnibility of Du Pont salesmen ever since. In greatly relined form, about a million such reports reach Wilmington every year. Meanwhile, a new approach In marketing quest ions was. taken ill 1935 by a marketing-minded group in whal. is now the Du Pont Film Dept. The goal: to determine packaging problems of both prorori.Siil'rf and consumers. The method: a survey. The result: dissatisfaction .(blind with much of the packaging--or lack of if--then in use. 'I'hc survey and the action that followed it helped set the stage lor modern self-service: shopping. ANALYSTS: TO MACH Ills OWN Similar methods were put to work throughout, the: conipany in the years that followed, anti now, in addilion to I lit: centralized Marketing .Research Division, all of the mamiliiel.uring departments an<I some service departments have their own groups. These marketing analysts work closely with trade analysis and sales development sect ions to find those unfilled needs in tin: marketplace and point out ways they might lx: filled profitably. "One of our jobs is to provide guidance for t he de partmental units wlieii they plan projects,-' Ladd notes. "We conduct some industrial and consumer surveys our selves, too, and keep in contact with information .sources inside the company and out. it's up to us to collect basic market, research know-how and be able to tell Du Pont customers what services the company offers in this area." 'Hie survey is the marketing researchers basic tool, of course. Most, Du Pont surveys are conducted by in dependent outside agencies, but only after careful planning /iv c;i-;o h c ;k k k v n ih .d k that often includes pilot surveys to insure seionl iflenlly valid samplings and questions. Rest known if the marketing surveys, probably, is foe itn! directed at gauging consumer accept unco of a new prodm-t or package or of an old product in a new ns<\ One sueli study, for Remington .Arms; C.!o., aimed at finding out what size ammunition carton shooters prelerted, M usl. of l)ti I'out's products require some amount of processing before: reaching the consumer, however, anti here the survey takes on new aspects. It ran be dim-led Io the processor to learn his needs or those of his customer; it can so to fl' nn on the street to ask his desires and altitudes us a service io processors. The Petroleum Chemicals Division, for instance, has underwritten a series of surveys cm the service slation and the motorist. Oil companies, most of whom use Pelchetn's tetraethyl lead, dyes and add! lives, have Ion ml the data valuable in their own marketie}' programs. An occasional survey shows that a proposed new product either isn't ineeded barfly enough or cods too much to make or convert. Th.s was true of a number ol superior military com posit: ions developed during World Wat: II for the (Jovernment nod which later ap}iearei.1 on Hie surface to be good prod nets for civilian list', as well. On aunt.her occasion, Du I'out scientists found a less expensive way to make a chemical already in use', but the saving depended on volume production. A survey showed that, although the market would expand greatly at the tower cost, the increase wouldn't be great enough. A survey subject can be very narrow or very broad. Home years ago, .Marketing Research learned tbs la ! hi Pom chiai list laid hit upon a material that, formed a tough plastic when exposed to ultra violet light. He bad even made a hardened image of his name fnmi ,:l sheet, of this photo polymer, indie,sling its p< issihild ios os it print ill).; dev ire. Whet: several depart ineuis, including Pilot.,) Products, expressed interest, and posed some ideas of I heir own. Marketing Research iool; on I tic- big job of surveying i he entire graphic arts industry. A year later it (uriled over what probably was the m<si complete eeoriomic and stalislical smimary of the industry ever mace, mh u k iis p o \i:k [-:h Aiming other i I lings, it isolated several specific needs cited by graphic arts crafi smen which, it scorned, could be tilled by chemical improvement.'!. One of" them was a lighl weight, letterpress priming (dale; the new phofupoly mer offered ibai and much more if it could lie priTct-lcd dor a laic report, sec- page 1 .iilinpraphers. on I hi' ot her hand, said t hey pari iculaiiy needed u diineuskmulSy stable him base tor vnior sepaval ion, masking and halftone work io replace glass plates anti (he ilexibie films then available. Two years ago I hi Pont inlrodnced `'C'mnnr" polyester photographic hint basti. whicli not only met the requirements for dimensional stability bill added many oilier improvemonis as well. 'I'Ik - report si ill is list'd and its eifeeis, while ant completely traceable, arc known to be far-reaching. No! so far-reaching. though, as a pioneer market sitidy thru I ,add sometimes dies. When I'lltuil here I rouee tin I Amt noticed more than l fit I years ago that American made gim)M)wiler Was inferior, I .add relates, he began thinking oi making a belter grade. .Rut. first, he canvassed a number of friends about it, iiicludhig President, Thomas deliersun. Assured dial there was an unfilled need for good gunpowder. IT .1. du Pont built his lirsf powder mills am! founded i he company that still bears his name. !> Shopper inspect* Hilvrr-C ;iiamlniiii brush marie with colored "Tvncx". This in ;tl, Li I Brol hers. Pliilailclplita. Beau ti ful brushes Du Pont, now offers ``Tyncx" nylon ft fain ml in six heatming shinies ns rolor filches on in the brush business h, touch of glminuir that color brings to the most mundane objects in being vik il.<?<) now on tin* brushes that wash your dishes, scrub the bathtub and do a dozen other jobs around the house. The Ih U-k I evidence: introduc tion of colored "Tynex" nylon filament to help brush manufacturers give added .style 1 o their utilitarian products. The iiroject got under way earlier this year through DuPont's Polyeheiuirals Dept., manufacturers of the "Tyiiex" used in tufting quality household brushes. Holychurn set up a Color Coordination I lomisclling .Service, with color es|K:rt .Faber liirrt-n as consult mil., to servo its. brush manufacturing customers. Birren, drawing on his knowl edge of what women currently prefer in kitchen and hath room colors, recommended pink, aquri, beige, yellow-, red and blue for the nylon, t fe also suggested complementary colors to be used in brightening up the brush handles. I)n Pont introduced colored ``Tynex''- -and (he com pany's new color consulting service for brush mamtlarinrers-- in July. At t he Housewares .Show the same mont h, sample brushes made with the colored (ilament wen? dis played by .Silver-Chamberlin Brush Co., Clayton. N.J. `".I held up two brushes, one with plain and tin; oilier with colored bristles, and asked buyers' wives which they preferred," said Sam Silver, sales manager. '`They were almost, unanimously in favor of color for the kitchen and were about evenly divided on color for the bathroom." Recently Hilver-Chamlierliii began a test, marketing program aimed at. enlisting the opinions of more women. Two department stores...Lit Brothers of Philadelphia and I,lie Maison Blanche in Now Orleans installed special 10 display racks featuring the colorful brushes. Sam Silver, a quiet, dark-haired mini whose fattier founded SilverChamberlin in 1907, is keeping dose watch on the types and colors sold. Referring to notes on the hack of an envelope the other day, he told us what he had found out so far; "The bright red is good for the kitchen, but it doesn't seem as popular for bathroom brushes. Also, the traditional Mack""seems'to be" preferred ""for clothes "brushes." We*re learning a lot. The women in Philadelphia and Now Orleans ..are. .helping us decide exactly....which..colors. we'll offer in which brushes." Meanwhile, we talked to a lew of the Lit Brothel's shoppers ourselves. Iuvariably, we round, the woman who had bought, a brush made with colored "T\ ue.\" was keenly aware <>l` the color. One needed a blue bnili brush to match her tile, another wanted a beige vegetable brush for the kitchen, a third had bought a |link bow! brush. ''Tills is one brush 1 won't, be ashamed of. i'll leave it out. where people can see. it," she confided. Who says a brush is just, a brush? 1 Sirri-n [i.ekeil mil tbew* erwiijili-meiil;irs dtadr- fur luieli lumdh's. __beautiful locks, too "It defies logic,'" says Adolph Jacoby ol .Mever Jacoby & Son, Inc,, New York wig manufacturer, "hut. we're loving every minute of it." The object, of Jacoby's mingled incredulity and a (let a fion is a development that harks back io llie candle lighted 18lh century - women's wearing of wigs as a mark of fashion. The current revival features nut only sober black, brown and blonde wigs, either, but. shocking pink, blue and green ones to suit a mood or match a cost nine. "1 pooh-poohed (.he idea at first," says five wig maker, ``but, this past, summer, in a ueriod when we ordinarily die, we made 5,000 of these things," Jacoby's colorful new wigs are made of "Tyner' nylon filament; blended with other synthetics. He says "Tynex" Ls the vital ingredient because if. gives the wig tin* body and resilience needed to hold a curl well. Once styled, the fancy headpieces can he brushed or combed with the same technique women use cm i heir own hair, (dotlung models have been giving the gay wags a workout ever since (.lie Paris showings last spring. Y bai hing suit manufacturer pro\ fled a 111 I in tor bis fat I showing in New York a few weeks ago by lopping (In' girls in a rn nbow of si art ling hues (see mb. But less iun- spin ions women arc evidently trying (hem. ton. Leaning their own hair untouched, they're using the wigs In :est daring hair colors and styles mi a safely temporary basis. The synthetic wigs also have a price advantage. They sell al $.15 and up, compared with $175 or more for the natural hair variety. Kellecfiiig the gentlemen's coni inning preference tor blondes. the new nylon wigs ;ire available in live blonde shade's, four ol her natural colors, six pastels, and streaked or tipped com bit ml ions. 'They're sold throng: It millinery de partments and beauty salons nI leading department stores. Letch Itrol/nrrs' a tinlyses set the [trice for a tchofe trainload of inut ore Samples of perhaps a quarter of nil flit; iron <<.* mined ill I)'ii; IJ. ,S. pass I.iimiit-n I.Imi labor;! lories of a Mimiesotn company whom rneiiiixre call themselves "The Iron Ore ( 'lil-f ilirff.S." In o ik * year Lereli Brothers, Ine., runs more Until a million analyses on the iron, phosphorus, manganese, silica, alumina and moisture present in ore. Appropriately, the company V 1 icndij unriens tire at f libbing, "Iron Ore < lapitai of the World," (nit its la bora for its art) .strung across northern M im insula anti up into (bmada. As sool i as the gondola-type ore ears art) loaded at. the minis a l.errh representative conies along' and lakes 22 quarter |sound samples of ore from each. Within the seven hours that it, lakes the train to reach the loading docks in Buperitir, Wis., or Duluth, Minn., the laboratory must analyze these samples and submit its report. .Much depends on the accuracy of Lcrrh J Si'ol.hi-rs' annly.se.s. Ktcel companies commonly specify that ore ship ments he of certain grades, as rated by the |x.:r cent of iron and other material;; present. In 1957, for example, 117 grades of ore were shipped from Minnesota ranges. Analysis is complicated by the fact that much ore is low grade and has to he "bciioficialed" by removing un wanted silica or other elements before shipment, linn ally this is done by washing, and very often ore still contains an undue amount of water when ilk; loaded into railroad ears. Mince this drains off during shipment, the lab must duplicate this drain-off in order to determine the natural moisture content. Perch Brothers hn.s earned the nick name "umpire chemists" because its analyses are accepted by both seller and buyer as a basis for loading ore boats and setting the value of shipments. (IrnsiHelli Chemicals Dept, supplies a variety of re agents.. nitric, sulfur,r, hydrochloric and acetic acids and ammonium hydroxide -- for making flie determinations. 'Phis simple statement, incidentally, has the weight of 05 .years behind it. Cleorge anti Fred Lerrh, the two Pennsyl vania brothers who limited the original partnership hack, in tin; iK90s, bought (.1 rnssel I i reagents. "We've used (.hem ever since because we can rely on their purity." the current, president, Fred Perch's son (1 Inn., says .succinctly. The lirm is justifiably proud, too, of its long asso ciation with various mines, hi JKil5, Ixjreh Brothers ana lyzed flic first ore shipped from Mahoning, now' part of idie world's largest open pit mine, unci it hits cheeked the contents of every car since. "Mei'vice is the key." says (lien Perch. "We've seen the Mcsubi through the peaks mill depressions and the extra push of wartime. We expect to keep right on doing h o iih long an there's ore in the ground." Women (and men in turn, of course) must always have been attracted to delicate scents. But it's talcing the mod ern aerosol revolution to show how strong a yen it is. As of this year, whatever their individual choice in scents, women have made it obvious that they prefer cologne" in 'airdsoI"lj.spBnser8." In" 1958,"'for' fie" first' time. well over half "the retail'dollars'spent for colognes are going. for .those', in., aerosols.................... ' Thus push-button fragrance, although a mere young ster of five, has come of age. First marketed nationally-in 1953, sales""oi"aero8ol""coloiiiea"reaclied "18.6' million units" in 1967, more than twice the volume of 1956. The industry units, These are some of the reasons why aerosol cologne marketers and retailers are bracing right now for their busiest Christmas season, ready to make the holidays more pi pa omit foi* mhlfono nf wow"--not to mmit'mn the nw*n. ::i to O =J te 1 i O- !>i *L> i j v V lit 'O L_ ^Lu the list of best-selling aerosols. Behind the rapid growth, says a prominent cologne marketer, is this; "Women have found that a fragrance doesn't evaporate or change scent when it's packaged in. an aerosol. And it*s easier and quicker to apply." ....................... Du Pont 1 '.Freon* * propellent--key 4o 4lia World : 20 4--j---- ] Urn IQ' "TTM--t -- has been used to power aerosol colognes from The start. "While the"businesa was 'still''!ii''ita''tifiiney,''DuPont chem-' ists made a major contribution to its future. Their research .turned.up .improved aerasol systems of "Ereonl5, alcohol and water for use by the packagers. Made available to the entire industry, the data gave new impetus to the growth of push-button fragrance. The aerosol has sped the growth of the entire cologne industry, in fact. During the five-year period before the pressurized package made its debut, cologne sales rose by $9 million, but the increase during the five years since has been a whopping $15 million. .cm catimuted' 13 IPH ^p|jKs,b .i'...i | in Kl W:::: jv V.S? V BLj3-- element that promises to be warmly received by designers. The wireless heater is as efficient as it is simple. When the two foil "busses" are energized with electricity, the heats up and cools off quickly. it Canadian-American, Robert Smith-Johannsen, who calls it "Cellotlierrn" heater. Often it's laminated .between thin " layers' of 'electrical" insulation;' such'-as "phenolic paper, '"and"' this material is referred to as "Lamitherm" heater. Smith...Johannsen's.. .coinpiiny,..Ctemelex;,...flip,.,.. of. 'Niikaynna, N.Y., markets both. "Cellotherm" can be applied to ceilings, walls and floors as a wallpaper or building paper. It also can. be buried, in driveways, airport runways and other outside areas to combat ice and snow accumulation. "Lamitherm" can be used to make food serving equipment, bakery A chemist and a skier, Smith-Johannsen occupied ski "wax...Among'"the' ingredients' waa "tudox" 'colloidal silica, a Grasselli-material notable for the uniformity and submicroac*pic., size. of. its.. particles,..' It'. more.. commonly used as an antislip agent for floor waxes and paper and as an aiilisoil treatment fur home furnishings. Anyhow. .Smilh-Johannxcn hit, one coin In nation of materials, including "Ludox", Hint Keen Hid to make the bottom;; of his skis conductive. On impulse lie painted some of it on paper and hooked up the sheet electrically. Sun: enough, current Hashed flirotign it and radiant heat was given off. Smith-Jerhannseu shelved his ski waxes mid coiicen frated on radiant heating paper. Uis first, experiments at applying the coatings left something to lx.; desired from I he viewpoint, of both uniformity and cost.. At. the crucial moment, however, he found a way to add the electrically conductive material at the papermukers beater so it. com bined with the cell i.i lose lie I ore paper was formed, Oollub- oralion with Decora Dorp., burl Edward, N.Y., then led to a method fur continuous production of (he clemenf. Ohwnciex, Inc., was it; business. (lliernelex also lias come up with a high-temperature "Ashothei'iii" heater, using asbestos in place of cellulose, that ran lx* heated to Finally, a way of coaling flic conductive materials on paper appears to lit; wiihin reach. Both Decora Dorp, and the technical specialties laboratory of the Oxford I'afHii* i .-o., Kumford, Maine, have made headway toward (.his original goal of Smith-.loliaiinseii. Ite, :1c m!, pari ui V, a,inn;.: a.a Vs ,,it i i'l.sui Pu, ,, in s-, f,n,I,In;: I:.,- ! i, . I! i; i(III Hill irl'sitlr Ilf fl MI f linbct'l Sltlilli-.|iiliaiiii-cii. Ilcail of lux business ill heal mg papers. Irics a `Hiingki" healer inailc I is II Dliil illrr. I lie., using 11 ic ciiitiliiclivc Hiiilerial. Screen suinns up i|iiickly. A new tiro-making technique snivel for main- truckers 1 lie old problem of unfiinel V lift* clenlli caused by trend cracking, cuts and ply Kuparalion. The met hod... culled post iiiflal ion in disarmingly simple- A ho I. nylon ;*ord liiv, Irash from the mold, is in Hated with air. If then eyres under pressure al close to tin* dimensions it would achieve in service. This prevents the coni from Hhrinkimc as it cools, which would contrail fill* trend grooves. The result is Ural, when (he (ire guv.--, into s :t \ ire on 1.11<> highway l he cord isn't- forced lo ''grti\v'' hack to service dimensions. Tais growlh puls a strain on rubber (hat, can cause cracks in the 1 read channels, make small cuts bigger and hasten ply .separation. Until flic new technique was worked mil, fire makers ininimi/.cd t he growt h problem by using more fabric plies. This wasn't fun sat. iKfaol.nry because it made lire* stronger than load and road fa dors warranted. If also led to a hotter running fire and the danger of heal, damage. By using the new technique to minimize growth, tin; makers now can take fuller advantage of nylon's xl.rough h and reduce the number of plies. Already being built by several tire companies i a cooler running IU-pl.v nylon truck lire. The nest, step is H ply, then B and maybe even. 4, the experts claim. Da Pout's Textile Fibers Dept, has worked with tire company engineers over a period of several years to bring about these improvements. Development of post inflation for passenger tires preceded the knottier problem of bring . mg its benefits to trackew--knottier 'because of the greater ... number of plies involved and the variety of load and side... forces on such tires. ' ....... In; a recent test by a .large truck fleet based in the ""mid-South,"post-inflated nylon tires were compared with Standard production tires. Twisting mountain highways, ... uneven city "Streets and - high-speed turnpikes offered a.... broad sampling of surfaces and speeds. Results? The postinflated tires showed a drastic reduction in growth. Tread cracking was practically eliminated, permitting the trucker to run off all of the tread for greater mileage. More tests are under way, hat the engineers already have learned enough to summarize the value of post in flation thus; Lots more tire miles for your tire dollar. (liiiiintiui E\ |h 's of Ilr- damage checked In |*,| iulla!ion; onl, loll: pb c|iarali>in. lop eight: mid lroad oruokiiin lb JCi . Nylon mas mm of the first man-made fibers to replace injured and diseased blood vessels. Now artifieml arteries woven of DuPont "Dacron" polyester fiber and "Teflon" TFB-fiuorocarbon fiber offer improved parts for this vital surgical repair work. By WILLIAM MANN . When Charles Marshall of New Shrewsbury, N. 3., a very active hosiery manufacturer of 58, became alarmed at the constant numbness in his left leg and a painful swelling behind the knee, he went to see his doctor. The doctor diagnosed the trouble m an aneurysm--a. large, permanent dilation of the artery,- _ - ___; ........ "There's" a very large blood dot in it," the physician aided sym pathetically. "It'presses against the nerve and it hurts, I know. There's always...the .danger, of..rupture,, and new-artery-may -be. required^-You'd- better go see a specialist at the Medical Center in Now York." Not much different was the experience of Mrs, Pauline Babel, a bright-eyed Bronx lady of 72. For seven years she hud suffered from an ulcerated ankle associated with a Mocked artery. Several operations and a number of extended hospital stays had brought no lasting relief. Now she moved only on crutches and with excruciating pain. Then one day Mrs, Babe! tuned her TV to an audience participation program, and heard a policeman report his recent recovery from a severe bullot'wound in the leg. By inserting'a synthetic artery, hla doctor had 'probably'saved' him' from.' an. amputation, he said..................................... As Mrs, Babel listened, she felt an irresistible compulsion to get in touch, with. the.. policeman's- doctor.- This was- arranged--throu^-the TV show, and the California physician advised hex to see a vascular surgeon, at the Columbia Presbyterian Medical Center in New York, ...... Thus'"it 'happened 'that both'" Charles' Marshal and'' Pauline' Babel" came under the care of Dr. Ralph A. Deterling, Ii*. He accepted them as patients eligible for synthetic artery grafts and operated on them. Today they are both well and active. Marshall, free from leg pain and numbness, carries his 25-pound sample case everywhere. He also carries a new synthetic artery, made of "Dacron" polyester fiber, across the back of Ms knee. Mrs. Babel has abandoned her crutches and walks without .pain or effort. An artery of "Dacron" runs the length of hoi; thigh. "God bless Dr. Deterling," Mrs, Babel told me recently. Marshall echoes- the. benediction,................................................................................. SMI PATIENTS HAVE BENEFITED .......Dr.' Deterling, associate' professor of clinical surgery at Columbia's College of Physicians and Surgeons, Is a tall, sturdy man of serious mien. Despite Ms youthful 41 ..years,, he is. already an acknowledged authorityon thoracic surgery and Mood vessel replacement. Dining the past seven years he and Ms associates have restored about 200 patients to new health with synthetic arterial grafts, most of them with complete success. All told, thousands of arterial graft operations have been successfully carried out by many other doctors all over the world. Most replacements have been of such large arteries as the aorta and its main branches. Life without these vessels isn't possible, hence surgeons have given priority to perfecting graft techniques for them. Lately, surgeons also have fi'i'ri* in i*all, again ivilfuml pain. hoKii'rv maker < Ihuiics Marshall raniiv arlrn graIt of "f lacmii" licliiinl knee. worked out ted Miiques for grafting smaller and less critical arteries of the lyq* required by Marshall and Mrs, Babel. The small vassals, though, .still pose extremely dilfirull. mechanical problems. Even so. the sui.-feHSiful sulwt.ili.ilion of synthetic materials for segments of <1 incased or injured arteries; represents a major triumph of modern surgery. It. is the realization of an ancient, dream of surgeons, a dream that had l.o wail, until l.he proper materials could he di -veloped to make it, possible. Among tile pioneers who fully understood this mate rials problem was Dr Alexis Carrel of the Rockefeller foundation lor Medical Research, This great American surgeon and biologist, who received the Nobel prize in 1912 for bis contributions to the joining of blood vessels, l.rans, fusions and l.he iimnspla nta lion of entire organs, was one of flic first to consider (.lie use of artificial materials for artery replacements. lie ex per ir lie tiled with glass .and paraffined metal tubes on aiiimrIs, although his work was directed toward human needs. His efforts to find a workable material weren't .surrcH.sfy I, but Dr. Carrol predicted that some day ihe use of artificial arteries in man would lie achieved. He died in 1`M'I before the next groat step forward could be taken. The advent of synthetic fibers revitalized the whole idea of blood vessel replacement. In I W.'i 1 Dr. Arthur R. Voorhees, dr., working with Dr. Arthur II. Blakemon- at: Columbia IVesbyterinn Medical Center, demonstrated the feasibility of a synthetic fabric for blood vessel replace ment. Progressive .surgeons dared to look forward to a plentiful supply of soft and pliable fibrous tubes, easy to sterilize and preserve, available at relatively low cost. The ideal lt.il*, the doctors decided, would have low porosity, high tensile .strength and a very high degree of chemical resistance. Is. also would keep the deposited fibrin layer to a minimum; a heavy deposit increases flic danger of blond clots and delays healing. This meant that a good synthetic urtcry would have t.o lie compatible with body tissues l.o promote rapid and permanent healing. With these requirements in mind, .surgeons all over the world began to study the properties of (be new fibers and l<> use them ii; many weaves, knits and forms. Nylon was among the first sy iitln-tu: materials to be properly fabricated and successfully implanted. Many pa tients of Dr. W, Sterling Edwards of the University of Alabama hove benefited from t he pioneer Edwards Tapp crimped nylon artery, in a newly published study, how ever, Dr. I`Id wards reports: "'Hit: woven, crimped tube made of `Teflon' TFE-iktororiirboii fiber now is the grab, of choice in ibis clink:." ``Considering the complex combination of properties that, must be taken itif.o account," Dr. Dckerling fold me, "I consider both `Dacron' and `Teflon' sujierior materials at the moment," HIS CHOICK IS IMCiiOV' Oilier surgeons have made important contributions to the new science. .Dr. Michael .!]. JJe Bakov of Baylor University has done mucli. successful work with grafts of "Dacron". In flic past six years lie and Ids associates have made; more than 1,80(1 vascular replacements. "In our earlier oxjx-rience we used homografLs... natural arteries - predominantly," wrote Dr. i)<; Bakey recently. "But on the basis of experimental mid clinical investigations we gradually shifted to the use of syn thetics. In f.hc: past, .year and a half we have used flexible knitted tubes of `Dacron' almost exclusively." Dr. J, Harold Harrison of Emory University, who also lias studied many kinds of materials, now prefers "Teflon". "At the present; time," fie reports, "I fire! there is little question regarding the graft of choice for replacing large blood vessels. Experimental evidence shows that, grafts of `Teflon' are accepted by the body and remain workable over a Icing period of Lime. This makes l.hcni def initely preferable l.o a liomografl,. For l.he replacement of smaller vessels, again the synthetic materia! of choice is `Teflon'. Here we know which is the 1 test material, hut I am afraid the mechanical problems are not all solved." There is reason to believe that these- problems primarily involving Wil.x*. construction... will be hurdled eventually. Many able vascular surgeons, liber manufac turers null prustlloses fabricators have teamed up for this important job. The United States Catheter and Instru ment, (dorp, of Clorn: Fall;:, JM. Y., Ceorgc ,1*. Pilling & Hon Co. of Philadelphia, Donne.yer Corp. i Meudo.x Weaving Division) of .1 laledon, N.J., and John Sidcljoi.liain, Inc., I 'hilaclelphia, already have made valuable eonfribnl ions. This pooling of medical, industrial and technical talent has resulted so far in the Having of thousands of limbs- suid lives. Sufferers and ox-suIlcrerH alike will con tinue to bless these efforts. 1H CLEil Ep H y| ii~ |||j|||| 1 ITU I liliiiiiSii JP* ^ The. fM.and her Bcrub brush.Mokeci < N M>* ck h.- turning out printed-circuit boards, but her >>M tk-hmoto to-mm m modern problem .had to do until a better one .suim along. " The brash was the only way om electro ok: found to rid Ida bright new boards of excess -.id.vma m-.o it,- In. the fast-paced, initiatry,. he.had;tried...nsii^e:-. : ::: did the job just right. Some solvents attacked the plastic boari: > -h: ,.i:- ;;i ; adhesive holding the thin copper circuitry ;i.o\ ..... ; I;::I and color codes or simply didn't dissolve tb, . m !>. i he'd found left behind a white residue which ; V .to ! k n- . c.n..- with her brush. Then, recently, a DuPont salesman p. I.; mm ; >. *: = x to ntoi..* in the "IVeon" Products Division, he said, - : ! up , to) .. n. \, solution that would dissolve the flux, wash h to away"iii"ininu'tGB,'"'"Show"me,".said'''the plan: to- =,:!< ,,: The new solution is a mixture of Du Pom to.*,=. n-' -;:to specially.dfiiiafuisd.anliyflrQus.sflhaiioll.'While :i i --ii- -i u .ton--,:*., thoroughly, it doesn't affect the construct* m mm on.*.!.;. -...t, ... .printing or identification'labels. In addition, to i.. i...:to.u: "triable "and nontoxic,............................................ A residue of rosin flux on the boards affcv ; hr i-v. transistors and other such components have h. .m - 'hi,-i to ==>. ;r = s.:. several drawbacks. By nature, the flux is ivn\"i\ h \ amine salts that absorb moisture in time, sMm.-. m.-. \ .'h:.;,.: to-.i,- -to shorts across the narrow spaces between cor*.mm.r-- % = i.;. |..vi in the case of computers anti other such - .-..mi-.u- m. , circuit boards help reflect good workmanship. The new solvent can be purified, recoven ami u* om-'-o-toiv Du Pont technicians acMeved a recovery eA*-ii-m-v .>i' to! ;w they have coupled the purification and recovery mm,-, a V'. .* v-.:'= = isi-- cleaning system designed to make the. whole onoi.- ..... A sketch of tlieir"suggested apparatus app^ m- m ! . : k\ ;.nto.. detailed information'to makers of printed c,:-, *,,, - to- "Freon" Products Division, Nemours 2420*1 m. to. Shiny coaling of WliallCS off IlllBily X. il.'.l Mil in rout [lout'll I b of iinimmU ic cleaniup h x slrin for printed eiivuits it-.iiig new solvent Hilnt ion mv shown in sketch. sTivon ' I`rod nets I )n isitm Irelmieat mi ll <lo.-i"iii'il I lie rqni|- iiii*nl lur continuous opcrjitiou Hill) rocoverv of tl sol vent for rc-mw. M-i.imf mitow :t . i \i i i : '*! | : THj : rLU; 19 - -.r ; i rw Two erstwhile vital operators from Invitovagi* haw Itv Iftoil f4tens inIt`tvs I mi ithiti may hv one of the riehesl oil areas in ihv ifHh state. Their shoestring search for pel role am has Itlazeil a trail that the major oil rontfnmies now are following. Here's their slitt v. tohf b\ a writer whit lantirs them hotIt. /.V THOMAS O. M.:f;i,AIY ANCHnifAfiK, ALASKA Thirty miles north of here an Incredible pair of wildcatters named Tucker and I'elfirmin an; drilling lor oil. In (heir opinion they are hi I l.ing itn I,[ i ul a structure even richer than the one Hint; j iriKfuced [tiebfield ()il Cor| loration V1100-1iarrel-a-day well Iasi .year on l.he neighboring Kenat 1Ajiiiiim ila. Whether they si rike il. rich jr nol., l.he pair will go down in local history as the ones who "smelled'' oil in an area where prospecting had been al. a virtual stanch still since I Dili). "The Anchorage oil boom was started here on Su.sii.rin Mats seven years ago." (leorge Tucker (.old me l.he oi lier day. "It was started by Alaskans with very litlle except a prayer, vision and faith. But I'm glad that the big ernnpanie.s finally came. in. I )evclopmel. of I,tie industry needs that kind of capita! and Stateside publicity." 'Pucker and itnlph I'elerson had no intention of trans forming themselves from coal operators to oilmen until they hit a pocket of natural gas one day in 1051 while poking into a coal seam. Analysis of the gas disclosed its petroleum origin. Their first: thought even then was to unite a group of local leaseholders into a company and sell (.lie leases to some oil linn. Ordinary ril.iy.eiis of Anchorage... KW of them - re sponded, Among the group filing for lenses were an in surance man, an engineer, a lawyer, a restaurant owner, it fireman, a city councilman - the sold, who had come to Alaska to stay and to build. That was in l!)f>2. for two years ffeorge 'Pucker traveled the St.al.es at his own expense, shopping for some one willing to take; over and develop tin: group's leases. 20 All he found was skepticism about the land of ice and igloos. lie carried movies and slides tu disprove if-- Anchorage actually has a relatively moderate climate--but the skepticism remained. Finally, with the leases in danger of running out: for lack of development, Tueker came back home. "1 fell," said he, "well go after the oil ourselves." The result, of that derision was the Anchorage Gas and Oil I)evelopment Go. Then the pair began "poor-boyin;;" in earnest.. Their first drill was a lit Lie jackknife rig, and their first lower was erected from the diagram in a book. George Tucker even acted as his own drill pusher for four .years, learning I lie craft from a 30-da.v trip to t he States, a few tu:Its and some careful study. Yet when geologists took readings on the AGO wells, they found them plumb to depths of more than 5,700 feel.. J'lvea more nstonishing to tlie oil fraternity, the two unuteur.-i had dropped two wells and sever;il test holes totaling more than 10,000 feet, acquired rigs and equip ment and paid the rent on Hti.UOt! acres.- all for less than $75(1,000. And this in a country where a single well can cost, as much as $7 million! On top of this, Tueker and Peterson had gathered geophysical data that stimulated further exploration of the Gowk Inlet area. a \i.vmcji or M-:<:i:ssrrY Tucker and Peterson haw kept costs down t\y squeez ing nickels. This is admittedly dillicult in a land where wages are high, transport a lion costs unbelievable and where both .summer thaws and winter freezes raise ex pen sive problems. Bui the "poor buys" have! either had to scrimp or call it quits. "In the rase of cl itching for drainage and water supply, for instance, we save; 2K cents a cubic foot and a lot of time by using Du Pont ditching dynamite.'' Tucker told me. "We once used shovels and bulldozers ar-d laid log; mats. The ditching powder is more; ellieient. and costs us only ten cents for every dollar we used to spend on I he old method." Another Du I'ont explosive, "Nii.ramoa" S blasting agent, .has emrie in handy on Kei.smog rapine work. Tucker said. 'Phis is because so much of tlu* geophysical mapping here must be carried on in muskeg swamps,and "Nil ran ion" 8 was created especially In si and the rigors of wot-hole shooting. The subt.erniiiean echoes of (he blast- are then converted to electrical impulses and traced photograph ically on DuPont. He is moWrit recording paper. "The clarity and sharp coni.rust, of the sett-.mogruphie records have; been commented on very favorably,'' said Tueker. "Irene Ryan, our geologist -- ineideiualh . she's one of ilii' lew women oil geologists in I he work! - gives much of the credit to Test* products." Geophysical expiomi ion, lift* evert1 thing else in Alaska, is expensive. It costs as much as hda.i'Ot to keep a single air-groin id seismic crew in operrd Inn a wtvk. This, coupled with tht! millions of acres to lie surveyed, explains why normally secret i \ e oilmen are being abnotiitallv i rati-rn.il here. There has been a svkle exchange of geophysical data, among the companies, a practice that is ;iecek*ral ing he mapping of l lie new' suite for its oil bearing pot oil ial. Hmv big is (.he poanmal? Standard Oil geologist Wallace l-'rati evaluated Alaska as one of the four realty great oil -hearing areas of t he world along, with i.be Middle Hast, Hoot beast- Asia at id the Gulf ef Mexico, A rid the chief geologist of another major company i hints that ; he Took Inlet. ] trend tires alone may prove richer than ,Saudi Arabia. But, explore! ion will cost. $100 million, the An chorage Chamber of Commerce figures, (tins another $2ik) million for facilities when and if lilt* search is successful. Tucker's own Rosetta welts on (he Busiuta Flats have shown eyres of solidified petroleum, plus allows of liquid oil and gas. But1 that's no guarantee of success. Keen experienced oilmen arc liruling the tumbled struciures here the most diilk-ult to deline they hav<* ever encountered. "Oi; could he 1011 Ice!, under your drill and you might never get an iiulicaiion of it," Tucket said. The drilling,1'' Well, veteran drill -iushers recently worked clear around the clock to drop it hole 2(1 feet a day. Anti in iwo hours' Lime ilit* drilling rate ,-tl. AGO s Rosetta No. ,`.5 dropped from four and a half t.o less than two feet, an hour. Troubles there are aplenty. But. Tueker and Bet erst in and scores of more experienced oilmen aren't, letting the troubles slop t hem. The promised rewards are too great. Rooting from the sidelines, of course, arc 2KUKin citizens of Alaska whose stale treasury would share in oil royalties. iliilirtillirs i scRimi* profqn-cl nig in Alaska. left, r-tnitvlt lor btaek ''obi 1 t - i f ;: i . I : i. s; j` : ; z ! r. i l . 1 i I .; 1 i. ; j C C . ** : : I i ; 1 i i ! \ h\plitral unt tl t>lciilial nil blink- in look l-tlci : 1 i CO . , ;. . : ; ; .- . . In ill*' curl i. I'll My, l In- roll-inji ilt-.-k mis tin* !\ |iii ill eu-ciilh i- ollii-c. 11 ere, whli a filing b\ .-.Ii'iii kiimi ii <mh lo liiinsclf, die man of lm.~ine.-s-, kept i-sH-tniiil (uij-r~ ill hand. IT HOME IN TH Mxevtflirt' suites lako an a Imtlf Unit's pin "Mr. 15 works ;,i full day ami moves around a lot in flic office," notes 1.1 in secretary of a textile company president who re* cully moved his firm into now quarters. "Ill the morning ho and Ilia visitors-* often use; tin- big chairs :md sofa. Mi* finds the- coffee tabic too low lo work at, though, so |r<*Uy H0(>11 1 h o c thorn drift over to Hie big table. When more than four |x.>pl<- are involved, il. becomes a meeting and they usually go next door to tile conference room." Wifii its thick carpet, blue walla and geometrically printed draperies in harmonizing color:-;, the of life*- she was showing resembled si severe but, expensive living room. The cxocitl i vc desk was of moderate .size- with light, graceful lines. Jt was apart from two other areas...o ik ; n convoi-Hidionsil grouping of upholstered arm chairs mid sofa around a coffee fable, the other a conference renter with large table ami several straight wooden chairs. Mr. it's ofliee is representative of a growing iiuinlxsr of executive nuil.es. "The oitiee has changed much more; than (lie living mom in the past 40 years," n furniture designer remarked recently. "At home a man may all in cither an old fashioned rocker or a modern Enmen chair. When he slops inio (he olliee, though, lie generally rejects any tumil.ure that belongs to an earlier day." Ai, the end of World War J, the husinusstnaii was still under the inlitienee of the roll-top desk. In an earlier day this had Ih -c ii his olliee. Tucked away in an odd corner of the plant., if olTererJ dust protection tor a lew necessary jia|k Ts. As the ways of doing business changed, a shift occurred in ollires, Flevim*' the noise of lyjxswrilerM, tele phones and the I lurrying si <?| is of their subordinates, Hie !po s h i*. retreated to private rooms and, an barriers between themselves and outsiders, threw up desks that sometimes assumed monumental proportions. (Jrteo again, the busine.csi;Mill's concept, of his office is changing, Now, according to one close student of executive psychology', many men see their desk as something to work thruupji rattier than at. "A big desk may intimidate Visitors,'' this man inlates, "so tin: executive oiileis n smaller size. He's frecjMcnl.ly in eon fen`lice, so lie likes tile table idea. Or In: asks for an overhang on the desk, so that visitors who pull in close won't hump their knees." I mproveiiienls in executive ulliee furniture have been spurred by the advent of tin: dealer .specializing in this sort of equipment, sax's 1 tobitri Fleming, sales manager of the Leopold (lo., Burlington, Iowa. Fleming, whose, com pany has made: ofliee furniture since 187b, recounts early marketing difficulties when the only outlets wen: house hold furniture or stationery store's. Oil ice furniture manufacturers also have hired de signers who respond to advances in architecture, art and interior decorating. Joist after World War II, tin; Herman Miller Furniture (Jo., Zeeland, Midi., engaged a young designer to modernize: severely conservative executive furniture. George Nelson responded wit h an I .-shaped desk consisting of it wooden slab for paperwork and <i separate storage tinil. "When you break up the monument desk, vuti knock down the wall between mi executive and Ins associates," Nelson said the other day. "The desk-us-a-fable trend may well go still fur (her, keeping pace with the conference method of doing business." Nelson, whose company designs entire offices as well as furniture, approaches assignments with enthusiasm and a lively Ken.se of humor. "When I'm called lo design an executive ofliee, f begin by asking some rather impudent questions," he soys. " 'Wh.nl do you keep in your desk drawers?' and `What is if you ntnUy do?' The answers 1 gel. aren't always true ones, of murse. "A man may fell me he needs a large desk because he has many papers. Actually, he wants one that's bigger Ilian .someone else's. If lie has no insecurity, then the designer geLs someplace. But at first a man is often afraid to he aesthetic, and wc get a lot of rough diamond talk about work being the only thing Unit matters." To overcome this. Nelson may suggest a la vender desk with, say, a green top. "In a minute the man is fearing that idea to piece's and I'm gelling his ideas," he says. Though styles in executive office furniture change, both Herman Miller and Leopold continue to use Du Font; "Dtilnx" finishes s ik they have- lor years. "Dulux" given a soft glow ill,-it adds to flic; beauty of walnut and other line furniture woods, and also offers lasting protection. The modern desk doesn't sutler from spilled coffee, for instance, as fl` roll-fop would have. Leopold feels strongly about, the necessity of a superior finish for its furniture. Buys Robert Fleming, "It. must he flexible and, at the same Line, durable and uniform. IL also inuni. have progress possibilities that is, if must. 22 Like cars, modern desks art* lower them five- ortiU/New York City, above, is; bv tm- * . ! Miller is cltoioo of Kellc-Smitli Co. I": 1- i- IV d.1 ;- * ,i . *a undergo research and < leveli>| in-out Unit will invite fit lure improvements;. Tilts is one of the benefits we gain from our choice of I )u I'on! ;is a finishes supplier." (hie recent I..eopoid in.sfnll.nl ion in New York City, for instance, called (dr jt delicate matching job by the finisher so lhal the MnnUin S'ociely Federal Savings & Loan Association's now desks-; would blond perfectly vvh.lt some older walnut paneling lined around the tellers' rages, The desks are part of Leopold's new Document. Group, designed by G burins U. Deaton, which also includes book cases, chairs and tables. Desk designs are oil'-1 lie -lloor lor a tight,er look and are somewhat lower than older stylos. Hanks and savings instil uf ions were among the first to realize the public relations value of well-appointed executive offices. At- franklin Hot-inly and elsewhere a vice president is as accessible as a teller- - perhaps more so, since lie's not in a cage anil t-hi-re's a cnnifurtable chair for t he caller fo sit. in. No matter wii.nl direction executive t limit tin* styles trike next, otic thing is certain: More office equipment is bound to In- needed in the future. While employment climbed 18 per rent, during the past decade, reports ihe Wood CMllce Furniture 1 its!ilute, there are .'}<) per cent more of us sitting at desks. With understandable pleasure, the Institute predicts a continuing upward climb. &uFont's K-cdlophane solves a bakers distribution problem, on the plains of the Texas Panhandle Even for Texas, the Baldridge Bakery of Lubbock has done things in a big way. Established in the rear room of a grocery store back in the '20s, the firm now occupies a modern plant of 74,000 square feet and is Just winding up a $250,000 expansion program. Up to 70,000 loaves of bread--plus, countless other varieties, of Baldridge baked foods--are shipped daily by truck- to retailers -in - 35 counties' of Wei* Texas,.............................................. :........... When you cover a territory about equal in mm to South.. ..Carolina., from ....a. ..single.plant,' ...general... manager. Raymond Burford told us, packaging assumes major im portance. Stale bread costs a baker money, -and-so-do "wilted'" packages'" thafcsuitoiiiefs "shy" "away"'from' buying.' The answer for Baldridge has been a polymer-coated film which Du Pont cals "K-cellophane." The big advantage of the coating is that it resists the deteriorating effect of fats in baked foods. K-cellophane has increased the shelf life of his products, Burford says, and has boosted sales because the transparent film stays dear and unwrinkled. As a matter of fact, he now uses if on. almost all. of the bakery's products. '; ' ..... At ...Baldridge,. 450-gauge. .K-cellophane. la. the rule .for. fruit cakes and for bread that is shipped to the farthest points-and gets the most handling. Thinner 300-gauge 'film..goes' on" Jess-traveled''' while''bread'' and'" oh..cakes, rolls and buns... Because fruit ..cakes .are generally...on. the shelf longer, the heavier K-cellophane is "the beet thing yet for protection," we were told by Cecil Ray, Baldridge's wrapping foreman. Burford was the one who led Baldridge to this new est kind of cellophane. "It was at the Baking Industry Exposition in Atlantic City in 1956," he recalled. "There were thousands of loaves in the Du Pont display, but this one-pound whole wheat loaf caught my eye. It looked as though it had just been wrapped--most impressive, A "Du" Pont" salesman.told"" me "it" was' K-llin,"" We""bega'n experimenting- with it back home and started using it regularly, bo o h .'.afterward."................................... :............. The Burford eye, incidentally, has been sharpened by 35 years with the Baldridge firm. A nephew of founder 'JoeBaldridge,"he'begari"work'at"the store 'ae'a'boy crating' eggs. He got into the bakery business full-time as a route salesman In 1928 and has been general manager since 1941. Baldridge's widow and sons Joe EL and J, Don also are active officers in the firm. Joe B,, for example, boxed iiia first bread at the age of eight and later was helper on a route. Now 36 and vice president of the company, he directed the recent expansion and modernization, program, "Bread 3s life," says the framed slogan that greets you as you walk, into the Baldridge plant. Bread has indeed meant; a good life for the Baldridge family and for the more than 200 employees who share in the success of. their Texas' bakery................................................................ K.-celkiphane, because it looks better on the slidr, lias boosted Baldridge miks, general manager Raymond Bur.fo.nl tells writer. Baldridge wraps up to 70,000 loaves of bread daily. Business started in back room of the family grocery store 35 years ago. 24 The same litms/HU eut {dm lu4f>s a P\ete 5 orfi eon (vetioner i*o ttfivr supermarket business Biting inio the sweet new candy business ottered by supermarkets is the goal ;(' a major merchandising switch on the pari. of W. 1*\ Sehrall'l. & Sons Uorp,, Bosl-on. and Wallace & la)., a Brooklyn cand y maker since 1870. Before World War II, food stores sold Americans only a small fraction of their randy; now food outlets account for lift per cent; of a total sale of sweets that exceeds a billion dollars annually. "We feel 11 lore's a deiinite place for qualify candy in false-home as well as gift packages," explains Herbert Rebar, Wallace's energetic young presidenl. "We began producing a lino of Ion-cent bagged candy a little over a year ago and this fall added a 2!>-eenl line.'' The bagged candy, now available only in llie liasl, eventually is scheduled for national distribution. Meanwhile, Wallace is continuing to package candy in boxes for Bahrain, stores along the Hast (hast.. Adding a make-uud-lili line that would run slick anti fast, called for some fancy machine adaptions on tile part of IA A, Terry, Wallace's vice president in charge of production. To get the necessary speed, lie hooked up five electronic scales to one wrapping machine. It can turn out (JO finished bags a minute and about 2(>,(H)0 a day. A key to the smooth running lies in Du Pout's polymer-coated K-cellophane. Wallace uses -IfiO-gauge K for the len-cent bags and two layers of thinner dOO-gauge film for (lie dd-ccnt size, Tin* ,`.HK>-gauge film is a high yield material -IH.oOO spun re inches lo the pound...and in double-wall bags it oilers superior durability as well as flic excellent flavor relent ion and mi>isitire protect:on characteristic of K-cellophane. Handy makers got their lirsf. look at, the :>00-gauge film only last spring, "VVe`re sold on visible packaging." says Herbert Belw. "We think our candy irself Inis more appetite appeal than any printed picture, no matter how good." lie and Terry mqiertmonled with a number oi` visible packaging materials, however, before selfling on K-cello phane. Describing this quest the other day, he passed around samples of bagged candy. "Notice how crinkly am! brittle this one is," he said. "In contrast, bags made of K-cellophaiio have a luxurious feel... like stroking a mink coat or a Persian cat." Wallace expects its supermarket customers lo do more (hmi stroke the packages. "Handy really gels shoved a nu mil in a supermarket..'' Bebar says. "We need the durability that double-wall Kcellophane gives us." Be bar and Terry feet that the exceptional clarity of K film gives their candy an extra sparkle. "We pm a special crystal sugar brush on -many of our jellies and gums, and the different planes of the sugar crystals refraci light, - like diamonds, you I,none The K dim shows off this brilliance, protects the candy aud insures a long shelf life. What more could we ask?" American Ydcro officials Ralph Hood and Lurry Girard, . i f: , ,i I;. : . ,, !. ]. !,::. s Dy me jrii"G %MrAkJNKUU"<ITr3lJ'TiPiSS3JrTi.^JTPbTl>lf %MJm IJCtirm Ilalph Hood and Larry Girard are as entangled, with oocklebuxB as a"spaniel's "ears," and they love it. "They're president and plant manager, respectively, of American ; Velcro, Inc., maker ofthe "zi|jperleas..zipper" that's caught., the fancy of America almost overnight. It's already closing coats, jackets, shoes, skirts, trousers, belts, hats and handbags. It's moving so last that nobody, including Hood and Girard, can tell you all the applications it hae found. The "Velcro" closure is, literally, a man-made cockle- bur with an ideal catching-place to match. Its Swiss in ventor noticed the tenacious grip some cockleburs got on his clothing during a hike and Ingeniously put the principle to'work. "Lucidly, the"materials' that' finally''made"it"pos- sible for the cocklabur to become a Mend of man were .available--synthetic, thermoplastic .fibers. All of American Velcro's closures are made of Du Pont nylon fiber and .nylon filament. . .. .........Here's' how"they work; 'One-nyloirfabric 'strip "bristles with close-packed filaments--600 to 600 per square inch-- tipped with tiny, permanent books. The matching strip is covered with soft loops of nylon multifilament yarn. Press them together and they cling tightly, hooks grasping loops. Peel thorn apart and they separate easily as the springy hooks progressively lose their grip- Press the stripe together again--or as many as 25,000 times, according to the maker--and they clasp each other just as securely ; as before, ......................................'................................. The closure is washable, dry deniable, jam-proof and . won't corrode. Everyone who's heard of the "Velcro" "since' production "started here' last "summer seems"to.want to buy it, sell it, invest in it or experiment with it, says Hood, who also is..president... of .Velok, Ltd., the Canadian parent company. Thousands of letters have flooded the new sales office in New York, piling up by the bushel despite the efforts of five girls to acknowledge them. Hood and Girard can't keep samples on hand at the plant they've opened here beside the Merrimack River-- they go right to the end of the production, line to get them. The visitor walks away with his sample, invariably think ing of new ways to use it. People want to put the closures on brief cases, diaper bags, spectacle cases, slip covers, beer' cases' "and "dozens' of other' Item's.................................. Despite 24 specially made looms working three shifts .snd:.2B....niore ready to...be installed, American.Veicrpcan't. -begin to keep up with orders. Although weekly output . ain.ou.nts to. several miles of "Velcro", Mock, shelves are ""cleared" by "each" day's' 'end.' 'Training" new "workers1" 'and smoothing out the process have kept the management team on the go up to 16 hours a day, but there haven't been any complaints, "We just wish we could furnish everybody with all the nylon, cockleburs they want," said Hood, reaching to answer the phone. Wonder how one of these would work on a bulletin board ,,. ? 28 .at I* ESS fit LUO IT'S MW 'vV; !-.i : p-!f! \ \i.. 'i'; l. ii i';! I ,''W .. ( ;; v, \ \ v i'.. .\ ! r s'ii d v:i| . H I : 1 t >; (i ^ 1 : <>'*/:: loi 11/ f T'Hi hill (T.-i i .lul'i.* : } i: i ^ jf r r<>; ii ;i ,n mf.il'i V.ciHl}*. ilC.ly :S v i f t J` l_f ? Ill ;i|| ( \ 111 , } i ! V \'| ill >1 li*i:-Vi <] |:; r > u (i; i`: 1 till | ''! > v i U ) ' t o';* n t f HJ : i.;: ?.i l< \ i i!:; "r-r; i ( if hi .*{.! of id fo.iilt -- &ak~tlh^ti. a. a x t k. J.-f.iA..^ -.Jik IN \.j 1 $ ..i.lfc.iVv . l.l.t.j Ulti lOl 111 0.1.. "DtrPont'ii.well-known "plastic 'resin,' fa' being'"molded' itri.o" glass-reinforced panda that resist weather, impact a mj abrasion.for. such .uses...as..patio, roofs, track-trailer, shy. lights, awnings, industrial glaring, billboard Mm. andligin- mg fixtures. Panels are offered 'in a variety of colors and decorative patterns by UV S. Rubber Co., 1280 Avenue of the Americas, New York City. AIRCRAFT REFUELING HOSE with reinforcement of "Dacron" polyester fiber covered with Du Pont neoprene is stronger and weighs leas than previous types, reports the Quaker Rubber Division of 11. K. Porter Co., Inc., Philadelphia. Hose also has excellent resistance to oil, rot, mildew and 'Weather, Quaker says, "SWEET AND CLEAN" baby powder brush dispenses talcum through soft "Tynex" nylon filaments. Brush can refutable. Marketer is Richard G, Krueger, Inc., 112 West 34th St., New York 1, N.Y. 28  NEW THERMAE INSULATOR, fibrous potassium tita- at temperatures from 1,300 to 2,lt)QF,, reports Du Pout's Pigments Dept, It's composed of tiny crystalline fibers that scatter infrared rays. LIQUID SUSPENSION of thiram, a potent fungicide, is available in. Du. Pout's new "Arasan** 42-S seed disinfectant, and protectant, 'Liquid form offers major advantages for seed treaters. Product alio can be sprayed on plants and LEAKING SEAMS ill metal trailer tops are sealed by -applying-a- neoprene-coated --nylon- tape- over-* -cnahunung" strip of urethane foam. Materials, including adhesive, are marketed in a Nylo-Flex kit by Haartz-Mason, Inc,, 270 Pleasant St,, Watertown, Mass. The combination's elastic properties resist cracking or tearing of the tape due to trailer's motion. IJ.IHiifUvv1f\Qi?w%z'1vv1 wV.Jj'Sii I1:1l*1AAi3is1m1,mr.1 i.dIpxliim'l It, JiUmaH#o 'i1 .1pJiLcAAn1 rJil?f performed successfully in field tests at six Types'of letter " "press "printing plants,"Dn Pout's" Photo' Products Dept, reports. More than 2,000 printers at first "public demon stration saw the photo] wdvmer plate exposed to ultraviolet light through a high-cimlrast photographic negative, then "washed out,** mounted and run oil a press in less than 20 minutes. The- department says no date has been set for i lie plate's commeivial debut. >SWiYrt;n ALBUM of "Pahrilife" vinyl coaled fabric e;m be obtained by interior decorators at cost, price, .$8.25, by writing On Pont Fabrics Division, N-2h;>7-DM, Wil mington !.H. Del. fling-bound album allows easy nan oval oi swatches. Samples of new pall.enis will be mailed free to album owners. * S V i \ Li. SKA I A m i.ecA curs ul *. ilfysH'l % .mi p use parts of Du Pont "2yiiT* nylon resin for quid. riaic- (enanee free operation. Heats turn easily t hmugh -It) tlcg'-'ee arc on flat [livol bearings and twin rollers of "Avlel" that require no lubrication. Tough discs of i lie plast ic at sides prolect trim. Seats have new contour design and are said to he as strong as conventional ones. 29 If tiirv don I luivr what von want ;l I )u Foul 8 Fair In -Id plaiiL just, ask for il. Hmtows a re you ran get a fabric , . . COATED JI.13* YOU LIKE IT /iy KAIiL WFliLINK KAIKFIICPL), CONN. Tlit* customer wait led a special synthetic rubber coating. <am Id he have it. on a silk fabric base? "If you need if to meet your .specs.'' answered the coated fabrics expert. '"We're pre pared to coal any material you say." T low about cobwebs?" asked the customer slyly. ` Knro,was the cuntideiil. rejoinder, "if you furnish us with the fabric." Cobwebs, as a matter of fart, are not. far ix.ivond some of tile demands made on develop ment men at Du Pouf's Fairfield plant. A hun dred special formulations of synthetic rubber coatings have been developed here for as many different fabrics and weaves. And because in dustry's requirements are becoming stricter and more di verse, new eom binat ions are invent ed yearly for uses ranging from air-supported .slidtors and tarpaulins to protective clothing and pump diaphragms. Today, industry is finding, a eoated fabric often means the differ ence between trouble and smooth sailing. Take the case of tin* manufacturer who successfully modified one of' his jet engines to improve its power. 'Trouble was, it would run smoothly for only a. short time, '['lie gremlin: a lew square indies of coated fabric in the fuel metering system. 'This fuel-air diaphragm had never broken down before, hut the. newer, more powerful electrical components of the engine generated large amounts of ozone which ruined it in minutes. Called oil for help, Fairfield soon came up with a 'T'airprene" synthetic rubber coaled In brio not only resistant to ozone but to all the fuels such an engine might burn. A few years ago, tile engine niaiinliieliirer wouldn't, have found a solufion so readily; there wen; only about five kinds of rubber to work will). Knell bail special characteristics, but none had the combination of outstanding properties needed to resist several degrading influences at once. Now the chemist, has more*, limn a dozen cln-doinerH in his bug of tricks. The newest, arrival at. Fairfield is l)n Font "Viton" synthetic rubber. ( lorn pa red with one of the earlier elastomers, the price per pound for "Viton" Is startling but. so are the addi tional tasks it can do. '1 o gel desired darkness, coatings are applied In base fabric eilher as a slice I or ill hem v lii|iiiil form. Here machine calenders a idieel onto la brie. A helicopter manufacturer, for example, use* t a brie coated with "Vil.on" in molding bags, They must with stand corrosive hydraulic lluid at -12.VF. and ill) pounds pressure. No other coaled fabric will res is I. the oil. lei. alone the heat, and pressure. Other fabrics coated with "Vilen" are going into pro tective clothing, fuel pump diaphnigui.s, souls, and hoods for acid fumes. To get, tin* most out, of the rubber's reHisiatn-e In high temperature, abrasion and chemicals, chemically lough fabrics of "TeflorT TFE-fluorocarbon liber often are used as the base. This hikes the price, bid, the worker who wears a garment of f lit! fabric to fuel a missile with red f'tiinitu; nitric acid is getting the lx*s|, protection yet devised. During the past, couple of years Fairfield has worked out several coating compounds using "I lypalon" synthetic rubber. Tills elastomer is noted especially for its topnotch weather, ozone and abrasion resistance. Fabrics coated with it were used, first in tarpaulins for trucks and ships. Last year Fairfield developed a similar'fabric forInflatable buildings that will weather two to five Times longer than those using, ..other, 'coatings. One company, banking on. the' abrasion resistance of "Hypsdon", made a five-story-high pneumatic bag that was used to raise an aluminum dome in" Kansas,'Since the coating 'of "Hypalon" can be supplied themselves for exploration. IILUSTBKS STILL ACT1VK These examples don't mean that the older elastomers' are passe. On the contrary, new developments give them a firmer place than ever in the coated fabrics field. For example, the Fairfield chemist can take neoprene, ..the. first synthetic rubber used for coatings, .and adjust its properties to fit precise specifications. With carbon black, he.can vary its abrasion resistance, strength and stiffness.. Certain plasticizers 'reduce 'hardness and'improve" low-ternperature properties. Antioxidants combat the aging caused by weather and heat, and curing agents' change flic etas!outer's workability. This eliemislry isn't limited to neoprene; til her rubbers can be; compel mdcil to order, loo. Choice of fabrics, giver, flu* chemist additional lul iiude. He slid user cotton for ill? easier jobs, but when the going gets rough Ik * fun is to avion, "Teflon". "Dacron" polyester liber or glass liber. Tims the combination - coaling and fa I trie -can he 1 ailnred to lit specific needs. The surge of new maler'ink; in (.lie last, ten years 1ms made (.he fabrics business liewildcringly complex. If il 11loves forward as rapidly in flic next lea, ehemisis here may gel the ehanoo to prove whnl. they know about coat ing woven cobwebs after all. Meanwhile, if you have :i job l.hal. calls for a coaled fabric and can't find exactly what, you're looking for, gel in touch with Robert Burger, lnihmtrinl Product, Sales at Fairfield. He'll have ins men look for a combination of textile and elastomer lo do your job. A coaled laltric is del elojh-d to 111 specific needs h\ tailoring a coating (rum otic of a dozen cl:i>lo- ttirrs, lnrrgromnl. I hen selecting (lie right faliric. ill This new feature is written specially for research and development personnel among our industrial readers. New route to rigid vinyl Tire making of rigid, implasticized polyvinyl chloride products by calendering, pressure mold ing or extrusion is familiar to almost everyone in (he plastics industry. Now, thanks to formulations based on pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and an.epoxidized- plasticizer,..it's- possible to start with easily pourable fluid plastisols, fuse them under the usual conditions for PVC, and'end up with rigid products, PVC plastisols containing PM DA ran be cast, 'Sprayed or' applied by clip ..coating,.. The final products can .to given-a-broad, range of physical properties simply by varying the ratio of ingredients. The coatings have good adhesion to metals, glass and some plastics, even without a primer, and the castings retain their strength at elevated temperatures belter than rigid, unplastieizcd PVC, Another promising application for PMDAi in gla.si-rein forced laminates that retain consider able strength even at 300F. PMDA is also a potential epoxy curing .agent for high-temperature castings and laminates. Heat ..distortion.temperatures..as. high"..as. SOCftF,, .for. example, are easily obtainable. Its poly-function ality and heat stability also suit it for the synthesis of new pigments, plasticizers, high-temperature esterlubes and resins, If you're interested in chemical building blocks, here's one that should fit into any number of construction schemes. DMF a catalyst, too In its brief eight years of commercial use, dimethyl formamide has won general recognition as about tile closest thing there is to an all-purpose solvent. .Recently it has won notice as a chemical reaction medium, too, thanks not. .only to this unusual solvent' power but also to Its catalytic effect on many chemical reactions. DMF' is highly polar. Consequently it can inil116110..bond-broa Idng. and bond 'forming p rocesses and convert molecules into reactive forms by solvation and its high dielectric effect. In many cases it may be used to shift, the equilibrium in the direction of better yields, better conversions, a purer product. It may also increase reaction velocity, although this catalytic effect is often obscured because, as the reaction medium, DMF is .present in more than, catalytic amounts. Favorably influenced by DMF are substitu tion, addition, elimination, and coupling reac tions involving organic and inorganic halides, A simple new synthesis of primary and secondary nitroparaffins, for instance, is based on the reac tion of alkyl .halides and sodium nitrite in DMF. Cyelization, 'polymerization and reactions involving cellulose are among those carried out in shorter times, with better yields and often under milder ....conditions," using. Du-Pont's' DMF .as the medium, Call' It'ferrocene........................................... Searching for a reducing agent with unusual thermal stability? A conipound that resists pyrol ysis at 470C. ? A source ofcovalently bound iron? You'll find all of them in Du Font's organometallic compound, dicyclopentadienyliron. Call it ferrocene, if you like, and we'll know what you mean. Its aromatic character, unusual stability and high iron. content:, along with a marked solubility and volatility,'suggest It for these arid other applications. ..... In' ..itcicl triedj.a,. fpTOcett.... readily reduces copper11 to copper', nitro groups to amino groups, and anthraquinone to antlirone. In the process it is Itself oxidized''to a "blue," watersoluble cation containing trivalent iron. This susceptibility to oxidation is the biggest single difference between ferrocene an cl a classic aromatic system. In all other respects it is aro matic in character, readily undergoing FriedelCrafts reactions, sulfonation, condensation with aldehydes and, in the oxidized form, arylotion with cliazotized aromatic amines. Preparation of thgjito rio.-s.ttbstit uted ..anii.no. and. vj.nyI. derivatiyes {the latter is readily polymerized) are other ex amples of how this unique organo-metallic. com pound may be '"adapted" to"classical" methods" of organic chemistry with only slight modification. for further information on above product*, availability of samples, etc., write the Editort Du Pont Magazine, Wilmington 98, Del., giving as much detail as passible about the application you have in mind. 1 1 j CUSTOM-TAILORED AIR CONDITIONING . . . that's what the Dallas Home Furnishings Mart gives its tenants with a flexible system of 222 package units charged with Du Pont "Freon" Air conditioning is almost as much at home in Texas as tall hats and long talk. But how do you air condition a building efficiently when its 434,000 square-loot sales and display area is split among tenants with quite different cooling requirements? The Dallas Home Furnishings Mart faced this problem, further complicated by the fact that much of the building is seldom open--twice a year lor a week at a stretch when manufacturers show new lines, plus two days a month when buyers shop and place orders. Only a few offices are open the rest of the time. With maximum flexibility called for, a system of package air conditioning units 222 of them--was pro posed and installed. The resulting 1,200-ton system is said to be the world's largest single installation of horizontal package units for cooling and healing. Each unit was charged with l)u Pont "Freon-22" refrigerant for maximum safety and efficiency. Result: Temperatures stay where they ought to and there hasn't been a single leak or mechanical failure. You, too, can ask suppliers of air conditioning equipment to fit a flexible system to your company's precise needs. And to help assure the same troublefree performance, be sure to specify Du Pont "Freon" refrigerants on every order. mlo p RtC. U. V PAT Of BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING . THROUGH CHEMISTRY F,ac.h exhibit area in windowless Dallas Home Furnishings Mart has at least one individually controlled air conditioning unit. For heating, hot water is piped to each. Ceiling mounts save valuable floor space. R E FRIGER ANTS "l'reon" and combinations of CiFreon-' or iiF-" followed by numerals are Du Font's registered trade marks for its fluorinatrd hydrocarbon refrigerants. Du Pont makes fibers, not the fabrics or carpet shown here. Luxury you never need +o pamper___ DU PONT CARPET NVLON Discover for yourself the beauty, richness and economy of Du Pont Carpet Nylon-- in luxury carpeting that takes so little care . . . gives longer wear. Feel the deep-down lasting texture . . . see the glowing decorator colors . . . picture its enduring elegance in your home! Write for free booklet: E. I. du Pont do Nemours & Co. (Inc.), Textile Fibers, A -19 31, Wilmington 98, Delaware. BETTER THINGS FOR BETTER LIVING . . . THROUGH CHEMISTRY Next Du Pont Show of the Month--"The Hasty Heart" 9:30-11 p.m. EST, Thursday, December 18 on CBS-TV