Document 6bxwYEG5GE2x46Mx1pwDgNgrE

14CHAPTER INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS AND PLANT LAYOUT Design for safety: buildings, equipment, and processes codes and standards . . planning checklist___________________________ ____________ 14-1 Site planning: location, climate, and terrain... space TM>T"*CT1,"*nK -- 14-2 Outside facilities: enclosures . . . roadways and walkways . . . parking lots . . landscaping . . waste disposal . . use of waterways . trestles . . bins ... pits and openings . . . outside lighting . . . docks and wharves . - --............ -- 14-3 Plant layout: location of buildings and structures . flow sheet layout of equipment . electrical equipment.. . venti lation, heatmg, and air conditioning .. inside storage - --. ..... 14-7 Lighting and use of color: types of lighting standards . . glare . .. lamps . . special lamps and fixtures ,.. protective and emergency lighting . reflectors . electrical wiring use of color. . ......... -- - . . .. 14-13 Building structures: runways and ramps stairs and walkways . exits . windows . . flooring materials . . . special flooring . . . floor loads--.--------------------------- ----------------------------------------------- 14-19 Design for Safety Efficiency and safety in industrial opera tions can be greatly increased by careful planning of the location, design, and layout of a new plant or of an existing one in which ma)or `alterations are to be made Numerous accidents, occupational diseases, explosions, and fires are preventable if suit able measures are taken nght from the earliest planning stages Buildings, equipment, and processes Major factors determining the size, shape, and type of buildings and structures are the nature of the processes and materials, main tenance, mechanical handling equipment, and working conditions These can vaiy greatly Catastrophes resulting in large loss of life and heavy property damage often are due to inadequate planning-stage considera tion of the physical and chemical properties of dangerous substances and their process ing methods High hazard processes should be located in small isolated buildings of limited occu pancy. Buildings can be designed so that internal explosions will produce minimum damage and minimum broken glass. Lower hazard operations can justify larger units This chapter was revised by Clinton H. Hoch, based upon reviews by selected mem bers of the National Safety Council 14-1