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February 15,1993 I hereby certify that the attached copies of Ceramic Abstracts, Volume, 1948, are true and accurate copies, which are maintained in the normal course of business at the American Ceramic Society, 735 Ceramic Place, Westerville, Ohio 43081. I cannot verify the accuracy of copies from Industrial Medicine, Volume 17,1948. Christine Schnitzer Product Manager Ceramic Information Center x 735 Ceramic Place Westerville, Ohio 43081-8720 614'890'4700 TWX: 7101109409 SC-ALL-03810 PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT SC-CER-5600 CERAMIC ABSTRACTS . Compiled by The American Ceramic Society 1948 Charles S. Pearce, Editor Maay J. Gibb, Assistant Editor Dorothy Donohue, Editorial Assistant Committer on Publications: K. C. Lyon, Chairman; Karl Scitwartzwalder, R. E. Birch, and J. J. Canfield Technical Advisers: L. G. Farber, Ralph Rose, and A. W. Allen A. H. Adams F. C. Arrance Wilfred Ashworth X. X. Ault Walter Bank L. R. Barrett R. Bam L. Bamghi W. R. Beck J* J. Bdalich A. C. Bevaa ABSTRACTERS Associated Technical Services British Ceramic Research Association Bureau International d'Etudes Techniques C&amiques A. J. Biddulph R. H. Bollinger Claudia Boynton Ian Campbell G. S. Douglas W. D. Foster J. J, Frankel R. A. Gregory F. Grodtinski A. J. Haecker, Jr, Mas Hartenhctm M* P,, Haydou F. G. Heck I. Hochman R. H. Hooker G. M. Hutt Collin Hyde J, F. Hyde L. J. Jacobs B. Z. Kamich D. F. King M. M. \\\ Kleiman X. J. Kreidl S. M. Lang ' E. D. Maher F. R. Matson L. R. McCreight L. M. Merritt J. G. Mohr J. M. Xoy S. S. Obenshain T. G. Pett D. G. Pierce Alexis Pincus \\\ J. Plankenhorn J. E. Priestley A. T. Prince H. K. Richardson X. Schreivelius A. B. Searlc J. O. Semmelman F. P. Shonkwiler Hans Thurnauer W. O. Williamson Puhticction^Orficc: 20th and Northampton Streets, Easton, Pa, Editorial 'Ojficc: 2525 North High Street, Columbus 2, Ohio K , bb ftm3 y^.. . . ..r r-* 260 Ceramic Abstracts November l!>4: inert gas curtain* insule furnaces, and simplified. smaller Host to make a silk screen. Axon*. Ceram. InU., Jo plants; <31 predictions for whiteurare which uidudc [tll 97 i 1948). C__O_.__U greatly shortened maturing schedules, custom-made kilns. How to set up a simple perpetual inventory system, unbreakable china, uneonLuninated raw material, handling Q. L. CoCGH. Am. Paint j., 32 [301 40-40 (1948). ,4timed to make storage unnecessary, automatic hutching. a system through which any manufacturer or supplier casting in a fraction of the present time, faster jtggcring, numerous articles cun determine profitable items, reserve radiant heat and atomic fuel, and rapid decorating; (4) stock quantities, and control production, mark-up*, a:?.? Man MW cluth .fiber impr ta*i predictions for glass which include smaller plants, pneu- reserves of raw materials can be set up using 8X5 in. ah- matte material handling, presintering for fast melts, trend -- cords in a visible reference type die. Suggestions .irc toward automatic forming, combination annealing and. offered concerning actual data to be entered on each curd, Tav: for beat-treating, lightweight glass, throw-away containers, A fictitious case illustrates the value of such a system, and oxygen melting. Twelve charts with curves predict - A.J.H. the rise and fail of market.conditions for major appliances, l. Immersion 'media containing methylene iodide. Ron. architectural porcelain, porcelain sanitary wore, hollow 9 but L. Darxsal. Am. Mineral., 33,348-32 l 1948).--Th ware, di`nnerware. d" oor and wa.ll .ti.le., .vitreous san*itary usefulness of methylene iodide in immersion media U ware, electrical porcelain, glass containers, dat glass, gla emphasized. The nonliiie*ar relationship of indices of re tableware, and structural glass.* C.C.B. fraction to composition by volume of some liquids contain- whic wUU- Si 219of *i cry*: cryp Controlling abnormal dust exposures. M. \V. Tkomv- sox. Occupatiamti Hazards. 10 [41 12-13 <, 1U43)Tae removal of dust from places of origin by mechanical mean** and by moistening materials and air, as adopted by the American dinnerware industry, is discussed. M.Ka. Dried molding sand. P. Xicolas. Fonderie, 1043, Xo. 29, U72-76.--The results of tests are given in curves of humidity content after drying, density as a function o.* inj methylene iodide is shown by experimental data. An empirical equation hits been tievised for calculating indices of mixtures ot methylene iodide and l-bromonaph- thulene from volume percentage data: l.6587 I/IU* (4533* 4* 37jc*), where * Is index and x is CH:t; (vol. cc). Calculated indices* show close agreement with experimental values. The decomposition, purification, and preservation of methylene iodide is discussed. 17 tripe vitrt give? and trou land tion. insul and smel ss ssane: ss^rt-g-ss srstefttr* 5*7 for cohesion in the green state, and 10*7 for strength *iirmin* to reC0*Ttlxe^ ** Aa mpo ,n idlic: aboi lu n aiterdryin,.To obtain a dne^surface on the isist piece* Method, of sterilization of protective equipment, the dried molds should be coated with stove black contain- w" _rVf fcimuLl. /mi D,TM.* a m, about 8% volatile matter and :!5 to U0*, ash: the grain tS^riSri --Aifohti ji,Z rise should be less than 0.7 mm. For steel castings, good results are obtained with a coating having a base of very 4t*eam of rurm water to remove the soap. The disinfec- fine silica; for cuprous alloys, a coating of silica and also one having a base of ocher are used; a coating composed of graphite, ocher or day. and talc is used for general pur poses. . M.Ha. e tant Rocal is then used after diluting 6 ox. with 0 gal. of water; the bath is used for a week. At one plant about 73 respirators, 300 goggles, 100 goggle cases.. 12 rubber suits. 3 rubber boots, and 05 miscellaneous pieces are sterilized in one week. Time of immersion in the bath is 10 min. Dropoed-caissou shaft sinking. William S. Cols, Jr. The hands are not affected by immersion in the Rocal. >ig. Mining /., 149 141 32-33 (1943).--Bauxite deposits in Saline and Pulaski Counties, Ark., require many shallow shafts in proportion to the tonnage mined. Conventional shaft sinking is not advisable due to layers of quicksand. -- Zephiran chloride is also satisfactory but more expensive. W.D.F. Pulmonary dust disease. A. R. Riddell, fnd. Med.. 17, 168-70 (1948).--Silicosis is the most important but A concrete caisson was made 18 in. thick and with an inside there are other dust diseases. The status of aluminum as diameter of 3 ft. for a shaft. It was planned to dig out the a therapeutic agent for silicosis has not yet been deter middle, drop the caisson, and put another ring of concrete t mined. Fumes from heating bauxite to make corundum and repeat, but considerable trouble was encountered, can cause trouble. The fume contains much alumina, however, it was finally completed to a 204 ft. depth. Fu silica, etc. Early cases are symptom-free with a slight ture projects should (i) avoid te.st.h.oles c. lose. r ,,than 20. fc. lung shadowing. Later the symptoms may simulate 12) ha.e adjustable guide* for uligamg the shell. (3* have pneumonia and heart disease and the shadowing spreads, guide runners to keep the caisson aligned. (4) have a gasket--* Cadmium or compounds, either as fume or dust, to stop sand blows, and (5) use water-tight joints between cause a serious lung diseaseTM During the war beryllium all pours. 4 figures. W.D.F. poisoning became known. Asbestosis has long been Factors which will influence ceramics In next 23 years, known. Workers in a very dusty talc mill showed lung Axon. Ceram, lad.. 30 (81 S3 (11)48).--"Fifteen factors g damage, but the miners did. not. The talc was fibrous and which will influence the nest quarter century in ceramics contained 30 to 30% free silica. There are some benign are as follows: Americans will live better; there will be pneumoconioses. such as siderosb, which do not affect the more family units; the population trend b up; the average length of life. 7 references. W.D.F. Si 1-6 Carr fortr. T1 P. P (194 Tt la tl Pod ards *Po: Tavt port* Pott port* U. sear. deal used W {6! isdu of ra A tv Atm 3th Figv give age will be slightly older; military preparation will be _ Photoceramie technique,. S. A. Bentos'. Abstracted planned in billions; commercial construction has only in Stekol'naya i Keram. From.. 1947* No. 9. pp. 17-1$.-- started; institutional and government needs involve huge DetaUs are given for transferring images from glass onto construction; the European Recovery Program wilt tax ceramic ware. The following reagents are used; < 0 for American production; competitive raw material* are being , cleaning the glass, a solution containing 4 gm. of ammo- depleted; home and rental construction will increase; A nium dichromate, 10 gm. of dextrin, and 2i) gm. of sugar in backlogs still exist and may be increased; technological 100 cc. of water; (2) for transferring the image from the developments will broaden markets; industrial construe- glass onto the ceramic ware, a solution consisting of 30 coi tion will continue strong; competitive product develop- lodion, 30 ether, and 20% of 98* alcohol; (3) a dark-brown ments will challenge ceramics; and labor relations will be-*color containing the pigments FriOH)*. CO(OH)?,. and mutually more enlightened: C.G.0. ZnO in the proportion of 2:1: l and a black color containing Failure to block doorways of freight cars causes sever) the pigments Fe(0.4)i, MnCO*. and CO(OH)? in the pro: damage to packaged freight Axox. .4m. Faint /., 31* portion of 2:1:4. The flux for these colors consists d [281 76-80 (1948).--A senes of documentary photographs { PbjOfi 75, quart! 12.7, and boric acid 12.5^.. 8.Z.K- taken by the Shipping Coutainer Institute show freight Report on British Industries Fair. Jack Brooks. damage, its causes, and the results. The value of blockin; Ceram, fnd., 50 (6| 131 (1948). * . * C.O B. fc: A. FIA abst Pho indu sent at : 73^ proc scril vate min: and ape doorways to prevent load shifting is stressed, and methods Research on asbestos fibers. M. S. Badollbt. I rons. 4 are suggested to prevent such shifting. A.J.K. Can. fnst. Mining Met, 51, 213-16 (1948).--Thu John* - ' .. ' .' .` .i I. '' Pulmonary Dust Disease A. R. RIDDELL. &A, MJ, D.P.H. .. - pinions concerning dusts and pulmonary considerable value in the estimate of disability. O disease have changed somewhat during the A review of the symptoms and signs presented last few years. For a considerable period followby 637 persons with silicosis was recently made. . ing 1918 attention was chiefly centered on silica. This offered information which may be usefully Dusts were classified as active or inert according applied. The investigation confirmed the finding as the reaction they occasioned in the lungs re that dyspnea is,the commonest symptom and lim sembled or differed from that produced by silica. ited expansion the commonest sign. It also dis Although silica is still recognised as the most closed, that of 203 persons with a history of important dust concerned with dust lung in having had night sweats, 117. or approximately jury. it has gradually become apparent that dusts 58%, had positive sputum. Bacilli were demon other than silica and the silicate asbestos may be strated either at the original examination, or Involved in pulmonary disorders. later on follow up. It Indicated, that 70, or S0%, A description of silicosis is superfluous at of those with hemoptysis were tuberculous, and present 'The disease has received so much atten that 184, or 75%. of those whose fingers were tion and has been discussed so often that you are clubbed or who had curving of the finger nails, all conversant with its general features. You had positive sputum, or were dead when the an realise that silica dust inhalation, if the quantity alysis was made . of dust inhaled is adequate, may result in lung It will be realized that for practical purposes, fibrosis of a special nature. Collagenous nodule diagnosis in silicosis involves the differentiation formation Js characteristic of this process, but of type as well as recognition of the disease its regular deposition may be altered often pro Commonly this is made on the radiographic ap foundly by accompanying infectious processes, pearance a cue presents. Cases with clear cut or by admixture of the dusts of other materials' uniform nodulation are interpreted as simple with silica. It is general knowledge that silicosis and those with conglomerate or massive shadow ' - is prone to association with tuberculosis, but ing as complicated. Although this may be a use the implication may not be so fully appreciated. ful working rule in relation to the interpretation * . The late DR. Gardner1 is reported to have ad of radiograms, there are many exceptions to it. vanced the opinion that, when chronic, a com- Xot infrequently the radiographically simple case bination of silicosis with tuberculosis constituted will prove to be complicated, and no evidence of a disease quite different from either of the other an infectious process can be demonstrated in the * two contributing conditions. Certainly it is dif radiographically complicated, even at autopsy. . ficult to treat. As a rule it gradually progresses Compensation complicates the silicosis prob in spite of what is attempted, and surgical mea lem. With diagnosis so dependent on the inter sures are unsatisfactory. This disease may be pretation of radiographic shadowing as is the- seriously disabling, although those affected are case at present, it is well to remember that heavy not always obviously 111. _ or prominent shadowing in the lung fields or The importance of tuberculosis in conjunction even nodulation, does not necessarily denote fibro \ with silicosis is illustrated by information sup sis or silicosis. These appearances, commonly plied by consideration of the causes of death in ascribed to the effects of silica, may be simulated a series of 436 silicotics on whom we have rec- by lung changes related to other conditions than . ords. The persons concerned had been employed silicosis, in which there is often no fibrosis. in various occupations carrying a silica hazard. When cases presenting such radiographic ap ' A little more than half of them were miners. pearance lack a history of dust exposure the Pulmonary tuberculosis caused the deaths of situation may not be too difficult, but with sych 62% of the persons comprising the whole series, a history they may cause considerable confusion. and was responsible for 68% in the mining group. We have found the more important of these con Estimations of disability are notoriously fusing conditions to be--heart diseases, particu troublesome in silicotics. It would seem that larly mitral stenosis, certain fungus infec these are too often based on radiographic ap tions, benign pneumoconioses, disseminated new pearances together with attempted measurements growths of the lung, and sometimes pulmonary of breathing capacity, and that other useful in tuberculosis with a miliary distribution. formation is apt to be neglected. In assessing Aluminum dust employed in the treatment of, disability the clinical picture should be viewed or as a prophylactic in silicosis, has received as a whole. Careful consideration of the infor much attention In this regard during the last few mation afforded by the symptomatology and clin years. It Is administered in two forms,.as finely ical findings in the individual cases, may be of divided metallic aluminum, and as .aluminum hy droxide. The metallic powder is the more im rrwwnlwl at h. Annual M*tinc f Mit Uu-MtCAN portant agent, and at present many persons, are T* nr Isoi-STOUl PM*rtAN* *N Sr*c*n*i>. I^nnlnr. MM*U ran. March 1. l?*i. receiving it both here and abroad. Its adminis- Usability. . presented tly made, s usefully .ie finding i and Um* . also di*dstory cif oximately re demon* lation, or if or 80'.. jdous, ami gers were iger nails, in'the an* purport*, irentiatinr. e disease, raphie |* clear cm as almpli*. ions to It. dmple case videncc f tted In the autopsy. 1 osls proli* tlie interas Is the that heavy t fields r mote fibncommonly simulated .itlons than to fibrosii. raphie apposure the with suet ' confusion. ' these rou es, partieugus infer* mated new pulmonary ion. eatment is receive.: :he *nst f* 'A * r tin.:;5;. ' ini h> * ..lore in*-* Iverson.* -ir<* tsi admi'*-** Page lSu -- -9? trstion has not been observed to be attended by of many other substances. Which of these is */ injury, neither however, is there convincing evi- responsible has not yet been determined. In *>Tdence that it has been of objective benefit to the presence of so much silica, this material can S sfiicotics. Nevertheless, many persons receiving, not be absolved, on the other hand rather sire* . ;4` or who have received aluminum for silicosis claim ' ilar lusg damage has been reported from Ger ;4" subjective Improvement. many* in exposures in which aluminum at least igjV The status of aluminum as a therapeutic agent figured. MIDDLETON4 also reported a ease in Eng 'r'bas not yet been determined. It seems to offer land in which exposure Jo aluminum was asso ^possibilities sis a prophylactic, but as considerable ciated with lung changes. '3?time is still necessary to establish its usefulness, The inhalation of cadmium or cadmium com .*.*80 laxity in regard to recognised methods of dust pounds, either as fume or dust is attended by ^control should be countenanced. respiratory damage of a serious nature. In an '42** Early in 1942 an occupational lung disease Ontario exposure 15 workmen from two plants Srnew to this continent was discovered by PS. & a were injured in this way in 1935--two died. ^shaves. Superintendent of a sanatorium situ* Dust is produced when the metal is being .vtSttqd near St. Catherines, Ontario. A description ground or polished. Fumes are evolved during sii-of the disease and the circumstances which re* welding operations, or when the metal is sub j^yealed it has already been published.3 The de* jected to high temperatures by accident, or for tails need not be repeated. In the process in* the purpose of removing cadmium plate. Evolving bauxite, aluminum ore is converted to When small quantities of cadmium are in ^corundum, a hard metal used in the abrasive in* haled, dryness of the throat, cough, a sense of industry. While the process Is. in operation, the restriction in the chest, headache and vomiting .'^attendant workmen are exposed to dense fumes are produced. Heavy exposure is followed by . 5*.from the materials being treated. severe lung changes, accompanied by marked The process is not new. It has been carried on dyspnea, persistent cough, cyanosis and prostra 'ji for upward of 20 years in some of the plants tion, which may be prolonged. The disease has '-.^concerned, yet it was not previously known to the characteristics of a chemical pneumonia, and ~vbe injurious. This may be explained on the this Is confirmed by postmortem findings. Con t&basis, either that in the past it did not occasion- valescence is apt to be protracted, but they even .1?lung injury, or the disease was not recognized tually return to work without disability. ^.because its accompanying signs and symptoms In one instance radiographs were prepared *&were ascribed to other causes. The latter is the during the acute illness. In this, the lung fields l&nnore probable. Early cases are symptom free, were seen to be occupied by intense nodular ni^f.the signs, exclusively radiographic, are often so shadowing, closely resembling that to be observed STslight that they would be readily missed by one in certain cases of silicosis. Radiographic exam H.aot conversant with the situation and on the ination of the survivors of the affected was car jeylook out for them. Later cases as characterized ried out some years later. In none was there i*by `attacks of sudden extreme dyspnea and chest evidence of any permanent lung injury. S^pain which have, on occasion, been interpreted as It was during the war years that beryllium ^indicating heart disease or pneumonia. poisoning was drawn to our attention.1 Exposure j5':The radiographic characteristics of the con- to beryllium or to certain of its compounds is edition may be divided into "early" manifests* attended in certain individuals by skin troubles.' yStions and "well established" disease. The early It is also attended *by lung disease, often of a ^^manifestations are extremely slight They con- serious nature. The disease has special-features: -gjjpist of an indefinite granular appearance is the Symptoms may develop during exposure, or they ^apices with slight rather lace-like shadowing may be delayed, perhaps, for months or years $swhich appears in the sub-apical area and-which after exposure has ceased. Two types* of the .^.ntay extend to the first interspace. As the con- disease are recognized, an acute type and a de ^Edition advances the lace-like shadowing is found layed. The acute form has characteristics which ~extending lower in the lung fields. A further ex- suggest a chemical pneumonitis. It results from aptension is accompanied by the loss of the lace* exposure to high concentrations of beryllium jl^like character of the shadowing. Eventually the compounds. It may be severe and even fatal, -'5gkhole lung field may be occupied by shadowing but in those who survive, the condition has a C&which has a rather granular, or even an irregular tendency to dear. The delayed form appears to '^nodular appearance. have little relation to intensity* of exposure. It Coincident with the peculiar lung shadowing is more ap: to occur where relatively light, but 5.the diaphragm is generally markedly distorted. more prolonged exposure has been sustained. A ^ and the mediastinum, is widened. The "well es feature of the delayed form is the occurrences ot tablished" case is characterized by the occur- scattered granulomatous areas in the lung tis ~fence of spontaneous pnenmothoraces, very often sue which may undergo organization. In some ;*' bi-lateral. These occurrences are associated with cases the radiographic appearances closely re *the rather dramatic appearance of desperate semble silicosis, it was therefore thought at one `".dyspnea and severe chest pain. time that the disease might be a modified sili " The fume is the source of this lung damage. cosis. The etiology is still obscure. While in - It contains considerable quantities of very finely vestigating this matter, it was DR. GARDNER'S* divided alumina and. silica, and small amounts opinion that some other factor than beryllium -