Document 6b057xa7Z9w3vdg1QQ7y5Y5v1

/ eltos? ScM'AHY: 7fli industrial liycicne surrey, evaluating the suet prshlo the Caustrustlen Insulation h`hcp (Huillir- ;ll-iGY;j at of processiac Seth '`Tasmshostcs" and "Kaylo" iasu_..t..j.. Ms-.-, ::c: ccapieted. The results of this invert! "ties r-.ual cha fcllsviav conclusive facts: First > The T.I.V. (Threshold Lindt Value) for this usitsr--1 is 20 nppcf (million partielcs per cubic rest) ef air. Scorns - The fabrication c "Thomsbestes" insulation blacks with bass save preduaes a definite atnesphsric hazard t: -viaif*. Third - The i-bfStation of "Xaylo" insulation blocks with dec- act constitute a hazard to health. n P rsn IKTSCSUCTIOii: Or. 15 ksvenber 1951, Kr. S. S. Wilacs, Construction -_i. Plant 512, approached this department vita a presloa tit.-; h.d ccea to his attention by vay tf csnloyee complaints. lui statue th , * < > ."baud saw" operators lcsatcu in the Insulation Chop (luildin* .-5513) verw -..`puritneiac sacs rather uaceaS'ortablc verkin; condition perfaitssd their normal routine of rippias."Head Segments" irs 18" x 36" x k" insulation blocks. This concern vas apparent! /n;* If ~ .-*-1 '*51* virtue of the fact that two insulation notarial*, reputed to be id, in sake-up although produced by different manufacturers, did similar Banners to the identical saving techniques bolap util cy : ' shop. According to statements obtained from the operators, k -.ivy v-*' of dust of such Lire* esneeatratisns as to seriously intari'ar e vis. normal breathing process, were immediately produced if and vh mao. blocks (a Joiins Kunvilla product) vers supplied for savin;;, % w A ' ..* WA resulted whenever "Kaylo" 'slocks (an Ovens Corainj product) vere he lei in a sinilar sinner; hcvcvtr, the quantity of particulate cat ter be produced from this latter notarial vas hardly see iscable ana never objectionable. This interesting intrcduccisn to tr.o problem stimulated a desire ts vis;- the location in question and, while there, to ;-wi: as cany ans-'v.-e us possible to the numerous unassvercu. questioas tame to mini usss z.ir completion of Mr. Wilson's description. A. visit .mr.gi 1 ana th: following fasts vorc noted: (1) -est of the iat.-ii..t .1.: _ -!uip._int -.-ai connected to a veil-known and apt t.ntly adequate due. cci-.iscv ay r..taa: of v/cll constructed duct work. ("; This exhaust system h.a: obviously been file'sicat-j so cope vith the no.val dust prsalcnu; encounscr. 1 in .cast band saw operations. However, th.. band saw operations in cvistr.c.: or. this data ware not vhat might Ee termed norms!, as a result of th-. :;p.:si: shape of the insulation caterial -else fabricated aad the particular can__ in which cash block vas twine cut. These conditions rules cut th: 'possibility of tha ax:au3t system oporatir.G in asssriaaca .on its pro-ausignsd efficient manner. Figure 2 on pact 1; h_u - . ir.clui.d an attempt to demonstrate the Banner cf processing these '..s-kc .:ua :ho position of the exhaust .'ocas in relation to the elccii: a.r.ai fahricutic 6<r*A \ . _____ r' -n nr' (!) * ^ ~ f*rr ` ' I ^ * dual 1... .. y:a uy r-~u_ss of 31:; ,. *o be tahes is cue a: (O avallss..:.; .;c.:lcl be nads cud thu-sw would, cf sucsccity, save Vhis*a- V1st-: "f-iumsbestas" and "Kcylo" iaoulstics naterialc '; processed ceparately ire:?: c .: the usrsing of 21 I'cvt--jcr Ivwl, the initial air < - -- . proved to be but thu first part of o uro-jhase progr*.: evs_ ... this location. Thus firct phase van 7-spsr.cihl: disc leuin.; actual eanuunr.-.-stisss of dust (in :nillisn: r cubi o .'cal ci sir) to vale:"' was various nan wire bo-Leg s;.' fibrieatca firut "Thenc'ccuis-.'' una then "iliylc" vita band as-, 1 Adasspa-rlc saspics of tliu "iliorsabcstas" dust exposures ir-aru ta.::n o. this Initial sampling, date Khorens sinilur caorplcs of "iiylc" CXT 3; ures vcre,*pf necessity, txla.-n or. 11 jostnb-r IjSl, slate ir.cce : " prod: Lets arc- cot^processed uLsulta.-ucusly. Five genii-.;! ureas, capable of revealing a:., rcsst csxprehenuivi infer.: ive ts >overall dust exposure, were initially selected S?1 lag pewits then spotted in these areas is Ice.. :iu.*.s deer,, csoplin-g locations are displayed in the sis-.. :.v.n rives iW_ ... . Th^ apiaces.nt-' principle war utilised ir. the i-il.-w. cn cf t vita tie 1-odgut Icpingcr apparatus (us r------ tu e.. e ) tie 1.nstnstest of use. ,\ tctal of thir..-- .--elus -..-cr. -aL*s fir-a sever icing indicative of ''Thomobustoo" exposures _ni f si:: *c slag ragrascntstivc cf "ICeylo" exposures. ILth t;.' dust ssirpl-.-s were evaluates througi the use- cf light sniersecopic counting techniques, referred to ca y..g 1 , vita t.-- r .au disclosure that sera of the locations were quite heavily eer.t:.nieut..e excessive concentrations of dust. This diucicuur:- rendered it in;, ora a that more descriptive indorsation would have to be sbtaised defers as accurate evaluation cf the conditions could be femulated, sal eo tie secssd phase of the prograa was initiated. This second phase had tic designed purpose of supplying tvs tyeas of physical data relative to those exposures: (1) the percentage- of crystalline fret silica grcount in each notarial, sad (2) the particle diatributicr. of the air borne portion of each nacu-rial. This !e.cr__c trss 'deened essential as a result of the fcllowing vell-l=:rrn facts relative to huaaa dust exposures. It iu an unccntcsted fact tiiat prclengid eirccsuric tc e::;accivc c:a:u.-. truticr.s of certain types of atcosphorie dust will result in the -/.'cit of cither one of two, or possibly even a ccrbiasticn of both, v/;..u cf the folloviag lur.g diseases; l.e., silicosis or asbestos iu. It ... taci.t: that there are five specific factors that dir.ctly influx.-, t.-.iproduction of these diseases. They..are: (l) the cespcsitics cf ..j da ^s ``Chi- aians to strike cr dash agai.-.t, ac (in tms application) the ucna. c: ds.sl.isg of atnccpheric dust tart it las against the bottan of a snail in.:: i, fli.ua ccataiaing & specific volunu of diet free water as a collecting niu.-_-... n r nn Cm<U . CA ^ tTa*I*2T%'! .%^*CA^4i 0*Jh ^ f]tLan)tU^w ;J \ *;^ T! ^ '4 .... . ird ".ust, (t) the li.-ri"iit of tine duri:*j -v.^:.. -. in.'--_ and, {;) ths individual susceptibility c.' >..... **ft - * -1 ..: '-. Slice-the determinations revealed that 3==..- cl the -.z..>::- enposad tc dust concentrations of such ra.~ii--d-.s us :: o::.dis -a., nssa lenient of ell dust standards, i.e., a T.l.V. ('Thru-;. Mi 11.:.t ". of 50 isppef af*air (sec taolu belsv - .satry Hi) a.-.'. cir.ee it imt z..:. revealed (nor a Johas Miavillc r-praseatasivc c:. .'1 cv.t.': IvM: this tastier; tl ccaaaincd 12.0 - 12. C- acb.::tca vil. thu v ; C2.0 - cJ.Cl bfcir.j entitled, ealeiua cilicatj, t...;h it i-v-v: i..._. that conclusive iaieraatiea be cbtair.ed vhieh vould id-:. '. i y e:._et :.l values far tvo of the five specific facaeru listen above: I.;., tli percentage crystalline free silica present ia this material Lacvr. as calciua sil; -..ie and tne exeat particle size lieir ihuzi;.-. sf tie r .epir.il. pertis.: ...;h material. i`iie i'cilfivin; criteria vr.s use- i.i t.t; evaluaf if ., i;.' this data. Tae actual perc*a'.- crystal! :.vi free silica cr p.rst.v. . ..- aabs-w<M found to be nras-:r.- ia a rvin_.al cr asr.-_ea.il is isr.r ;..*.i: dust furnishes the basic i ns'crsatlen ai. ad ia the cstaslichr. ..v. of a 'f.L.V. for the zatcri-1 in cues tic..;, 'llis sc; J. arrival at in accordance vita criteria ... follcvs: 1 W X1 --^ r.-t-.cf of Air 5* .Sub-dance Silica as cuarcu Limitin; Conditions ! ` | Ili+r. pvrsenta;.- crystalli... fruu! silica, i.e., abovw j 1 ? 20* 1i L 50* 1 5* Silica as cunr.s Medium percentage crystalline free silica, i.e., ; to ;CT. | Silica as quarts Silicate as asbestos lov perccata;t crystalline free j silica, i.e., belov 5;i- Hih percentage asbestos, i.e., above JOu | 11 | j 20+ Silicate as asbestos Medium t,:re^.v._-.c asbestoi, i.e'., 5 30^i 50+ Silicate as asbestos Lov pore.-ataji- af..otc;, i.e., be lov jfj * A.C.G.I.H. Threshold Limits Values fer 15-1, P-MC 11 (April, l:`Jl) + Warren A. Cook, Personal correspondence, 21 Pebruary IJoe. | j 1 | J Second: 'M...- t'tion of an inlvalcd dvs vhieh is the; respiratory ,.--tu.a-cad the depth to .itch the d' are scnsitiv-rly elated to particle sice Thus, t.t Is a prim--/ cr.e in detcrainia; the ns;7. rust of ha; r n rpjrriciT size t j Above 5-0 microns i 1.0 - ;.0 microns j, 1.0 micron t 0.25*? 1.0 miens*..:' Aaiy. OF 32?:2:T ilLM'sh* PCl-l.Pl-.:. 2'asal j Isae :U m . Mm . (}*...m. *W* 1j /W**-., . ............. ! I( .`.Ivvoli (west optimum j istras.: : site for .-ilvcoli j ri*.wC..UiC..; 1 \ \ I' 1 n rs \ nn live- actual procedure started cs W tva types of s; series were obtain-e. r.sep 1': of "Keyin'1 dust was .'a .mWW* /> m t rsnseri- .2, -iirouph tit;: 'em of a Millies. '--sr sp..: z.: , and puriicl-: 3isir/w u..s;_. hpses, rs--'- r-i -* v..*..'cscn used to d'-termine the particle site ... t-uVst i . SCCOo'tJ > USrCSt 0- 'it. -* sallectcd r.I j.`.to analysed -'or crvsuuIliac .re..- ;..lic". e-ihc-s, i.e., M-ru/ diffraction ard ti.j l_tv.-st -..vs ^chs..; technique, 'ooui. listed cn pa^c 5 Cs J-isvulies, r c st_. 11 of Tiicmobestrj::" dust v^rs also obtained uni avslsst:_ 'U . pore intake crystalline free silica asu p-irhielc siao dir 'in a manner id..ideal vita teat used or. the "idylo" sate: FTOCISUFE.": 'doth sa=pl*ic<; and analytical methods ere us fellers: Ssmllrp: (l) All samples used in deterninisp the actual css: in air were collected witn a rcidpet iacir.por apparatus v.-.iss :a '.--ad-crashed, fotir cylinder suction puts? dravinc 0.1 cubic .V. w i _ . per minute through inpiaper flasIts cantaisdne 15 milliliter; si sI-o.'uv:*..1 . distilled dust free water. , . (2) All samples used in oocair.iso particle ri__ d^: cats were collected cn Milliocre Filters ccsnccs..i tc a eaall . ctarated pump. These Cellulose Ester filter; arc recepr.is.d mast efficient aad adaptable filter material uva-latlc today teino capable of rasaisinp particles ccrm to ana ___ ia sine. . il-rcical: (l) The actual couatinp techniaua, used ir. this . r.-ferred to us the Lip'.v. Field Kicrossspie Count`..vj Tcehs.rsc, . ..seurately described cn papas-152-155 of Is-'.-.cri.-.l Pur: by E...: (V it 1 j . :. srown, .*. Coo a, .. C. .vo^, ana -.v.cssro . rub lie :h-.r l-.h, Vol. 1*0, No. U (April, 195C). 4 'O isy ^.had ;'urraa y. ; .. . .. issu. ci` t;v.: A. I.!i.A. ftw.rt.-i-lv. J..-orr.:, th.- re..- .1 A.. asacaipli-hai ir. asssrar.r.ss viu:7 the- tv-6C:.v.v.a..;;:-/.!.--. . :.~ pa^cs lie-17v of Zsv.vrtrisL lass by frisscr A i'-u.;: vh-Je:. v: ! use of a "liar ssicrcat.-cor, and a s~\zJzy- r>.v- .v... . as tee :>2X (hitf*. aed dry) and (oil ixsr.T. lor) ' .7' (2) silica (ict.-.rsvi.-ssis..; :n.- a ci' bold vli-r two followisp techs* m-.s. Ti.-l. s.. entitled, "loterEisstion of f'.ur.rsr. : ; th. fr ; Phosphoric Acid" by K. A. lalvili.-, 3ivisi-.a .;y* . U. S. Public Health Service, Cincinnati, Ohio. asr. . diffraction techniques as described lr. the c:*cy-:jc.v.:;ia for Industrial Hygiene", pp. ^36-^ 39, and as r- .rfsiscsd by . Research ass Dtvclepsust Taparsaent, Instruasniul : tithed a Carbide Chcnicnls Company. HESutTS: 7ss physical data listed lr. the appendix were evaluated and r da11win3 facts: ' (l) 7r.e ceases it ias of the dust (Table yj, pace 12) it (a) "or Thertobestes": (b) Far "Xaylo": Asbestos = 12.C to 13.Ci Crystallise Free Silica'- 2.5'i Assestes - 12.3 to Ij.Oi Crystallise Fee* Silica - J.e'I (2) Tea nu..;ter of particles of atmospheric d'ast (Table- ,,1, ~ revealed to be: * (a) _a greatest ccr.cistrr.ticn in ash ersusd the u 1 -si (b) 2a greatest cone-untru e ten when "Thsrsobcstos1' is oa (3) The particle size of the atsaspaeris dusts is cyasstics ( 3, poGca 13 and is ) is demonstrated to be: Predominantly 1.0 aieren in sine for bets '''Themsbes :ce" bus sliestly trailer in site for "Kayla" tsar, for "T,,sm {-) The l.-a^th of time during which the particles are ieissl.demonstrated in Tael. 2 p-aye 2 ) reflects a weighted res overall dust exposures to bats .v.terials. (3) The individual susceptibility is, ir. this ease, one of a.' unssasurcabls human fact ora which lf:hds special supr.-.ais for the csr.sclostious use of adequate protective measure essential in the prevention of those insurable diseases. ( v r r- O -w erne; I : ,*r-a > irii L.:... j in: ___ i-artiel- per cubic *03b) of a: . v,^..ari >r-*c fcaulth is crsaricr.ec:; vac: The .::r.-;..2 ventilation central <i_v .:::: co :.nt aie.ya *** Uww p^Owicir* csir2 cT'***^v*i "c<* :: ntr:. (-) : .y:tea exposure :: ..... ,.; a.u:u _. (5) The :uri to health, cxp-ra.::-:-;! ..hc.i fabricating cniy T..yl:" > is noiilisibltu- ' (a) Che snvira.aaaatul ccniiticvs in o/'idcnc., ath: air.-./.:' an it survey of the fabrication of "liaylc'' Clods, ..are not aausrasus *.: health. (7) "Theruobostos" blocks should net be fabric;.-;.. It: band sav unless a core effective vcntilutac:. installed in such & nanner as to render it can asis inherent atncsp.-.erie dust ccnccntratisns to vithir. limits. ; ana ate.*' rsCClfUnCATICCS: (1) , Do KOI fabricate 13" x jc" >: b" "Therusbastes" insulation tlcth- vit. the existing equipment unless: (a) The atnssphers dust trculsn can e:. r--ae.;d to celcv la -veef cf air throuen the use of ventilation, i. ^ / v* (b) The producer of this product ba-ia. .. ..vafne .p an insula-;, iblock which will not release, upon -'..'-ricati.e vich a band ;; dust concentrations in excess of 2C icvpcf c.' air. r\ kz: Submitted by ? O V A4, R, L. j*c; Industrie *> t II I TA21Z 2 I SC!\?.Y OF 4Q-5C.7. VZS-Z.Y vnCKal ZGQS'~-.ZZ A3 e:g~its sy rr/E wcskss 2-gLora at bit:-. ii.sis 1 1 Lsncth of Farocou -e ir. Hours Per Week" Concentrations in mef cf Air l ... i Worker- i "Mitchell" (To Both"Ti:cnoI'aeotos " L "Kaylo" To Only "Themobestos " To Only "Kaylo" 1 "Themobestos " i 16.0 6.4 9-6 63-3 ,'(~1 Rand Sav 1 Ripping .t Slocks) 1 "Raines" lS.O *' ,6.4 9.6 101A i-Jl Sand Sav Ripping Slocks) 3.1 17.1 ' ! in' i: * - \.m i "Sanples" 16.0 6.4 ` 9-6 .i 13-1 7.7 v' \}2 i #4 land Savs - i ' Cuttine 1 P*Sfus on ad 'wheats) f I "Bennett" ,1.-2 Eand Sav 3ff 3earing) 16.0 6.4 9*6 64.5 4.5 id.; "Jordan" ;:31 a .hand Savs Sane as | "Samples" 1 SAME AS SAM?: ES i 1 * These vorkers vere selected for identification upon the suggestion o:' the chop Inaulnti Fabrication Foreran, Mr. D. R. Matheny, vho stated that these particular ran prcv-s to ; . the ocas cast exposed to high concentrations of this air borne caterial ieicvu t: the trade as "calcium silicate". These hourly exposure values vere derived on the basis of the relieving crti~ttt duo submitted by Mr. D. R. Matheny: 16 hours a veek are prcbably spent working vitk products (i.e., "Haylo" and "Themobestos") vith abcut 40* of this being "rr.err.odjt::;' exposure and 6o- "Kaylo" exposure. i i i , ; i i : i 1 l i The following general formula, vas used is deriving the values r. above as veighfcd exposures: oP / \/ v .Ccnccatratia. / Concentration cf ]/ Number Hours of'*.} of ,`ih.v'*o" < We ighed ^rr.ocure , V'Themobestos " la ettef of Air/ \ Daily Inncsure /` ' j.' ; I" in sr-pcf of Air *0 Hours Per Veeic r zvaiuat:::: c? at::c3~rs*j3T ccrorr::.^ at ths ------------------'"** TASI- 1 , At.-ssrr.trle Drst Ccscsntrstlsr. Data. As Collected vlth the Mldset Ir.elnser ?*~s & Asr::r: fS3 Vi <5n* fc > tfj :- c- a. OJ ou rIa.J. j-'-j ' c*. p S5 <** n JH w ft 2 tj H a- V) e1-s1 ^.32 g fa ti to* v> oatj C ^'-4J (b (u Q 1U C 2^ 5o ZJ V:. J a *- u u3 c c* iSji a. </i o. J My 2U = 2 2 ^ ~ </J f PP 3 Z O C n H H <o fc N co N tsfl i*l; MH .2 '2*= t* t 1K= 't1.* 2 2 ?. S 2 i;; i f: S S 2 1 L: 1- 3 H r'l b ^ .*' . -J -J - ^ Pi fb tn & f1: 1-3 i'; U ui Ifl W (fl H O <J (J 0OG 3 0 r* 2 .v- -- iCw ;rsr2vrrcr.? usrrrs & 97X cn r-:-gs:c?r csjsctivs a: cc:sh?at:::: hk a Ua m-J :-j\' C3 51c M\0. WKS2 1 FILTH DIV.~ ,0.2 KIC3CKS 57X oh ni 14w. i r:i. .'acre - -----> m ACTIONS rr>V \ o.c 0.3 0.2 [ C.3|3. ` as j o. e o. t 0.1 1 s. i TOTAL C.3 0.1 ? ?. a ; : ::.. i !. J. .i. ... ; v f -3.0 | i i !; . y.i i 11 f u-- i 1 1 Jo U. 1i _ 1( * JO 1U.C 1 1 1 1 11 0 ^ i 1 1*1 1 U.C -o 1 I 1 . 1 i i i 0.9 1 1 1 1.0 2.0 _.iJ. 11 - 13 | 91 .L3= 10 1 *1 1 n1 10 j , 1 I. 1 is 12 2 01 4! 2 '"V 4.0 1 : 1 :; i 11 t 3 5.0 1 3 1 i: ill 2 1* 1 tc o.O 1 3 1 7.0 1 7 *3 0.0 1 l 31 if 1 1 1 1 2 21 ! o *'.0 1 2 l 21 10.0 t (- i ^ 11.0 1 11 1 | 12.0 1 1 i 17.0 i 1 1 14.0 i l i 15.0 1 1 i fi 16.0 17.0 1 i* ' ii id.o i i 10.01 1 1 1 i i r i ii 20.0 1 I 1 21.3 1 1 !1 22.0 1 1 1 I' 27.0 1 i 1 1 1 i f f ti 24.0 1 1 1 i 1 1 25.0 1 . 1 1 1 1 Oi. XW V* 1' * 1 1 27.0 1 . 11 '1 i i i i 1 i i 1 i i I i!ii . 1 1 1 1 ` ! ! ! ! 1 1 1 ! ! 1 f ... . i 1 1 1- T !11!11 < 1 1 1 i i .. i : _ II _ fill/- 10 IHI 10 1!11!1< 11111<' 1 il 1 1 i 1 ! 1 72 || U |1* | 7 a . u j 'i i 7 | , | 3 ; . I *7 || 3 | A 5 a | i | : i a . 23 |l i|2 15 || * 1 3 5il i 11 :l :1 i | *1 :i t: ! :/ 9 || 2 1 i| 1 i 1 l * ll i 5 II 1 i * 1; 11 1 1 : 1 :: 1 ' 1 :-3 A il 1 1 11 ! 1 - II 1 llii : - II__ : II . i 1. i :; III'! * ^ i|___ 1 1 1 ' 1 ii i 1 1 I i 1 : . 1 1 i i : 1 1i 1 lit i >i !1 ! i :: i nr i R i 1ii1 . ! III!': li i 11;! ! n1 1 i1 H 1 1 - ' , . 1II 1 11:: . i. i 1 ' ;1 !| i II ; . it i i :, i !l 1 : i 1 ; i il i : ! 1: 1 ' rctii - -I i 1i i! 1 !! - : :o I # .1 TAS12 k (~\ "::^iow faktislz sizs s:srn:~.T:::: tLrwer-->W* a.f T:-:r u->: & $tx oil session oajsrrr.'ss in cs:-32:atic:: with a \zf. tzu?. >: cs 5io k'jg- vkss 1 ?ha?. siv.S* 0.2 cbss:s I'??:-: cs uSU m.\s. joi:: ZkSZZ 5 c D-^z-:-t~^T:::rs or T-r psksstass z?.n'\Lir.~ nzr s~::a WJTCT wosstcs" & "katic". as cua-'.tz, SY T>~ TALVITI2" MTTHC3 r nYHZ?.'CHISTCSn "XAYLC" TRIALS '! in V2 in !V3-'ia * i IFS GFAJ-S GRAMS GRAMS SiC2 1 0.50C2 0.0350 0.0069 6.US 2 0.50C0 0.03U7 0.0C68 5.5S i 3 0.5C02 c.0396 ,0.0082 6.23 1 Average * Crystalline Free SW2 6.U in la v2 in TRIALS GRAMS GRAMS > 0.5 0.020T 2 0.5 0.0T20 W *cste-s 1 iC<- *! 0.CU23 7.^8 | 1 0.03cU -i 7.U6 j 3 0.5 O.O563 0.01;0 jt1 Average * Crystalline :"rea Si02 j Determinations of the Percentage Crystalline I Tree Silica Present in Bath "Tharmobesto3" & "Kayla" by the X-ray Diffraction Method- . nP "Themobestos" "Kaylo" * I 2.;* tl* I I 5.6* t 1* "This ini'crrntioa obtained acd reported by Mr. K. 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