Document 6YaQy6EVRB87mzO58wgB8Mqg

FILE NAME: Rockwell (ROCK) DATE: 1980 July 18 DOC#: ROCK003 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Internal Memo with Methods and Procedures for the Handling, Monitoring, and Disposal of Asbestos Materials at the Ashtabula Plant V \/ ,,; I/!\ [eternal tetter 3ata: . Ju ly 18, 1980 (Namo, O rganization, in te rn a l A ddress) Mike Rudd Rockwell international No: . FROM: (Nome. Organization, Internal Addroxs, Phono) - Andy Kruklitis subject. . Handling Of Asbestos Material Per your request, the following methods and procedures for the handling, monitoring, and disposal o f Asbestos materials a t the Ashtabula Plant i s attached. jar cc: B. Bertelson R. Donnachie E. Hoffman A rchments: 1. OSHA Regulation 1910.1001-Asbestos 8. Clayton Report, 1976 3. Pang born Oust Collector Procedure A Memo, F. Hoffman; June 14, 1979 5. Asbestos Monitoring Milestone Chart 6. Memo, B i ll Anderson, October 16, 1979 irm 131-R Rev 3*76 Bankhead_Pltfs' Exhibit no. 0456 pg1 [~ 1 - ASHTABULA.BRAKE 1 ASBESTOS HANDLING PROCEDURES A. G; ' : AL Ai rbor: e asbestos dust'presents a p otential health hazard. Since brake shoe manufactL-> i -ig creates a dust'problem,' enlightened management personnel takes the necessary steps :-o insure that asb estost dust le v e ls be kept)to an absolute minimum in order to safeg rd the health and wel 1-being'of our employees.1 Both engineering controls and asb es.:r, dust surveillance-are'necessary to stay well within the present 8-hour, time weigh* 's airborne concentration of'two fi b e r s , longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centi "er of air. Management-at Ashtabula,Brake'has a deep concern for maintaining an or, m q stringent asbestos^dust control program. 'This report il lu s t r a t e s the currei :; methods used to minimize health hazards associated with asbestos dust. Whi 1 r Mate i fibe> that asbe exce persi and ) Manu StarMate mate fon, move proc ed b beiti ass tnr' goo . -rrent maximum aXDOsure lim its of! 210 .fibers .per cubic>centi meter e x i s t , the is engineering'Lab"reported that May to August,' 1979 samplings-averaged 0.166 ier cubic centimeter. (See memo, B ill AndersonOctober 16, 1979)1 Notice - worst case sample (J . ; Wheelock, July 25, 1979), was 0.44 F/CC. Average : fi ber l ev el s have been'con sisten tly below the 2 fib e r lim it at Ashtabula, or Bayhouse shakedown,.where le v e ls exceed the 2 fib e r lim it. Maintenance .1, consequently, d ress'in ;fu ll length coveralls (paper) with hood, gloves, oirator while performing shakedown operations. w *r i uring and assembly areas using.asbestos,m aterials are shown in figure 1. at thp shipping and receiving dock,'material i s moved to CMA (Conforming - s Area) where inspection for material conformity takes place. Non-conforming . (NCM) i s moved to 'a Quarantine Area where i t . i s held for vendor review. Con- material (CM) is tak en jto the stockroom for storage. Later, the material is' departmental in-process storage' tlPS)"where i s i s pre-staged for manufacturing Actual manufacturing"takes place in departments 32, 33, 36, and 38. Finish- snoes are temporarily^stored in IPS (p o st-stage,in -p rocess storage) prior to nt to the stockroom. From the stockroom, brake components are transported to departments 50 and 52 for brake assembly. Complete brake assemblies move cckmg area, where p a ll e t i z i n g and banding"occur, to storage in the finished ea. P a l l e t s , in turn, are loaded on trucks and shipped to our customers. -, Lfu RW! 002426 Bankhead_Pltfs' Exhibit no. 0456 pg2 -3 - -> 1 i l l u s t r a t e s areas o f the plant where asbestos-containing material i s handled, incd, inspected or stored, and the attendant safeguards used; storage modes, "onmental con trols, and formed procedures for handling the material: TABLE 1 ASBESTOS HANDLING AT ASHTABULA BRAKE AREA 1. Dock 2. CMA 3. Q uarantine Area 4. Stockroom S. IPS 6. Department 7. IPS a. Stockroom 9. Brake Assy. ' 0, F in ish Goods n Rework 12. Haz. Waste 13. Hat. Waste 14. H a ? . Waste 15. Incl. Engr. IB. Personnel 17. .Hai m enante 18. Housekeeping OPERATION M aterial Handling Inspection Inspection Storage Storage Storage Riveting Lining Grind Storage Storage Assembly P a lle tiz in g S tre tc h Wrapping P a lle ts Storage Shoe d e -riv e tin g S ort Linings Shoe re -g rin d in g Shoe re -riv e tin g Inspection Dust C ollection (Indoors) Dust C ollection (Outdoors) Solids C ollection Asbestos Monitoring Pulmonary Function Exam. Machine Repair Dust C ollection Equipment Cleaning F a c ility Cleaning \ oqgnd Storage Mode: 1. No Storage 2 . Open items on p a lle ts 3. Closed item s on p a l l e t s 4. Stretch-w rapped p a lle ts 5. S ealed p l a s t i c bags 6. Sealed metal b a rre ls i . A dm inistrative records STORAGE MODE 1 .7,3 2,3 2,3 2.3 2,3 2.3 2,3 2.3 2.3 2,3 1 4 2,3 2 2 2 2 2 3,6 56 5 7 7 1 5.6 1 1 ENVIRON. CONTROLS 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2.5,6 2 2 5,6 1 1 1 ,2 ,3 3.4 3 7 FORMAL PROCEDURES No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No NO No Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No No Environmental C ontrols: i. Absent 2. Central d u st c o lle c tio n system 3. 5-Stage A sbestos Vacuum Cleaner 4. Personnel p ro te c tiv e equipment 5. P l a s t i c bags 6. Metal waste co n tain er 7. Power f lo o r scrubbing machine RWI 002428 Bankhead_Pltfs' Exhibit no. 0456 pg3 -4 - B. PAC JNG Linin'the m is di: meti c .t e r i a l packaging i s not s p e c ifie d for hazardous material containment by h o ls department at Ashtabula, As a r e s u l t , packaging o f th is material -tionary with the vendor. In general, two packaging methods e x i s t : HerJ non-Hermetic. Btpake wall are s. baye1'; l i n r< pack;, pat k~ je lin in g s received from some vendors ( e .g . Abex) are packaged in s in g le -unated boxes with 275 pounds per square inch burst strength. The boxes ;d with a s in g le s tr ip of cellophane tape across the top flap s of the shestos caution labels are imprinted on each box. P a lle tiz e d boxes of o banded and covered with a heat shrinkable p l a s t i c membrane. Such i s Hermetic: Asbestos containment i s e x c e lle n t and i s the preferred ; system. Other in op' C~' ar1 c b; ' ex or Ql L- --.dors, ( e . g . Molded Materials) on the other hand, place brake shoe linings -op, s i n g l e wall, corrugated boxes. The boxes are not sealed . Asbestos ai'ols are imprinted on the sid e o f each box. P a lle tiz e d boxes of linin gs cd with {?.) layers o f s in g le wall corrugated paper and banded with (7) : : packaging is non-Hermetic:, Asbestos containment is poor because ..ners are not sealed. Asbestos caution lab e ls are not attached to the wr, o f the p a lle tiz e d assembly. I t is questionable whether thismethod , ir/j complies with current regulation s. LQSHA 1910.1001 (b) & (gj. _C_. " As c 1 t, c ar" Aj HANDLING '-ontaining material i s moved, for the most part, from department to ' with industrial l i f t trucks. Some material i s moved on r o l l e r conveyors t i ng departments and in the brake assembly department. In general, raw i,e moved in an as-received condition ( i . e . sealed cartons remain sealed :-,it and open cartons remain open during tr a n s i t ) . No special precautions to seal cartons or lim it asbestos exposure to the atmosphere. r .wake shoes are stacked on p a lle ts or placed in wire baskets ("Palletainer") nort to in-process storage (IPS), stockroom, or brake assembly areas. -.ke assemblies move from the assembly benches to the brake packing area nnveyors where the assemblies are placed on p a ll e t s and banded for ship- ii, no special precautions are taken to lim it atmosphere exposure. t J ,5 FORAGE : wri al r v.tainin g raw material i s stored , generally in an as-received condition, '.ep tion o f random cartons opened for material comformabi11ty inspection, lin in g s which arrive in a sealed condition (Hermetic) a t th is f a c i l i t y led u n t il opened by personnel in the brake shoe r iv e tin g departments, rink wrap membranes and s te e l bands are removed from Hermetic packaging l o t shipments in CMA, but remain in t a c t for large l o t shipments.where kes place in the riveting departments. RWi 002429 Bankhead Pitfs1Exhibit no. 0456 pg4 -5 - 'iteri al (cont'd) t i c packaging, on the other hand, i s opened by tearing part o f the corrugated . the top of the package by CMA personnel in order to gain access to the linin g Banding remains i n t a c t , unless preliminary inspection reveals linings of ble q u a lity , in which case, subsequent inspection takes place a fte r completely ig the package. 'It o f th is inspection a c t i v i t y , p a lle ts o f lin in g material may be found in .armetic and non-Hermetic sta te s in CMA, quarantine, stockroom, IPS, and areas. -Finished Goods te r ia l in riveted and ground brake shoes i s stacked on wooden p a lle ts in the departments. Alternately, shoes are placed in wire baskets (palletainers) d temporarily in IPS until they are moved to the stockroom, brake assembly, reas for storage, further processing or shipment. Neither p a lle ts nor ars o f finished brake shoes are wrapped o r otherwise sealed before transport a riveting departments. hed Goods amblies are moved on powered r o lle r conveyors in the brake assembly department eking area where brakes are placed on p a ll e t s and banded fo r shipment. Dependstomer requirements, p a lle t s are e ith er s tr e tc h wrapped and stored in the goods area or sen t d ir e c t ly to the fin ish ed goods area in an unwrapped condition, thus, i s mixed in the finished goods area. MMENTAL CONTROLS al Dust Coll ection Systems ate central dust collectio n systems are in operation at Ashtabula to capture in asbestos dust generated in brake shoe r iv etin g and lin in g grind operations. (Pangborn) i s located indoors in department 36. This unit c o lle c ts dust by the #460 shoe grinder (dept. 36) and the #449 shoe grinder (dept. 38). equipment i s connected to th is system. u nit (Pangborn, Model 1000 CN) i s located outdoors on the South end of the gacent to dept. 32). This unit c o l l e c t s dust generated by the #132 shoe dept. 32), #048 shoe grinder (dept. 33), #045, #116, #765 riveters (dept. 32), #154, #155, #158, and #755 riveters (dept. 33). Auxiliary fl e x i b l e hoses to th is dust c o lle c t o r are used to vacuum empty lin in g boxes prior to d is - RWI 002430 Bankhead_Pltfs' Exhibit no. 0456 pg5 -6 - 2. ized Dust Colle c t io n Systems Thr; i t Dust C o llecto rs, (Model 65H55}, are used to c o l l e c t asbestos dust gen ' in riv e tin g operations in dept. 36 on #042, 044, 438, 551, and 761 riv An Aget Dust Collector i s connected to #662 r iv e te r (dept. 36), Two riv machines have no dust c o lle c tio n systems, #072 (dept. 32) and #595 (d' ) Two ' Down-Draft Dust Collector/Bench units (Model DDMV-45) have been pur- civ r i n s t a l l a t i o n in dept. 33 for asbestos c o lle c t io n and containment on co" e assembly operation. These units w ill require modification o f the vie- ace p rior to in s t a ll a t io n to prevent t o o l s , fa s te n e r s , and other small 0 rom f a l l i n g through the expanded metal screen on the top of the unit. j l ary Equipment Tv." can Cleaning Corp., 5-stage asbestos vacuum cleaners are in use (dept. 33 ? 36) fo r salvage and rework operations and for general housekeeping or s follow in g Baghouse shakedown on the indoor central dust c o l l e c t o r in ; \ Z or and a i s l e cleaning throughout the plant i s accomplished with a Wayne, 1 , power sweeping machine and a Tennant, Model 525, flo o r scrubbing : Power exhaust fans and windows in sawtooth roof area provide ven tila tio n veting departments. j DISPOSAL t os Dust dust from central and local dust c o lle c to r s i s contained in sealed p la s tic oaled s t e e l drums (55 g a l ) . An asbestos warning label i s a ffix e d to each intenance personnel are responsible for Baghouse shakeout and removal of . dust (see attachment 3 ,Pangborn). Drums f i l l e d with asbestos dust are xt to the outdoor central dust c o lle c to r . Ashtabula County Waste, Inc. 3 these drums to a licensed hazardous waste l a n d f ill in Geneva, Ohio. r.os Solids ing material i s stored in metal trash containers in depts. 32, 33, and 36. lal i s placed in p la s t ic bags and the bags, in turn, are placed in the rainers. Disposal to l a n d f i l l s i t e follows the same procedure used for 'list. g Cartons rtons are vacuumed with a hose connected to the central dust collec to rs in -emove asbestos dust from the cartons. The vacuumed cartons are placed in 'ous waste containers for subsequent d isp o sa l. (See memo, Elona hoffman, 979). RWI 002431 Bankhead_Pltfs' Exhibit no. 0456 pg6 -7 - `d_ Personnel Protective Equipment 'oves, paper c o v e r a lls , hoods, and respiratory (s in g le use) masks are . p l a s t i c bags and placed in 55 gallon s te e l drums and sealed for s waste land fill disposal. FOS HAZARD SURVEILLACE stos Monitoring (Personnel & Environmental) samples o f airborne asbestos fib ers are co lle c te d with a Bendix Air Pn ip, Model BDX-44, and Millipore Aerosol Field M onitors,(cat. #MAWP Those samples are analyzed for fib e r concentration by Rockwell"s s Engineering Laboratory in Troy, Michigan. The procedure used to nd analyze asbestos fibers is described in the Clayton Report, P.6 Refer to the attached milestone chart (FY 80) for the current asbestos nq schedule. Records o f asbestos monitoring are retained by Supervisor, id ,-afety and by Industrial Engineering Dept. :a! Cxaminations acbral examinations are given to a ll employees at Ashtabula. These ions include a chest roentgenogram (Posterior-Anterior 14x17"). i t , 11 Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume at 1 second (FEV 1. 0) , story to e l i c i t symtomatology of respiratory disease. RWI 002432 Bankhead_Pltfs' Exhibit no. 0456 pg7 'K2):) DS .'ND in t e r p r e t a t io n s OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH value of shall not exceed unity o i'k istra te the form ula prescribed in UvMon (i) of th is su b p a ra g ra p h , con i' f '* follo w in g e x p o s u r e s : Material . i -le Z--1) no trhle Z-ll e ( ''ie Z--2) Actual concentration of 8-hour exposure 8-hour time weighted average exposure limit 500 p.p.m. 48 p.p m. 40 p.p.m. 1,000 p.p.m200 p-p-m. 200 p.p.m. s tu n tin g in th e fornitila, w e have: 300 45 40 . " ~ 1.000 ' 200 ' ~200 - 0.501) - 0.225 - 0 200 .- 0.025 Since Era is less than unity (1), the expoure combination is within acceptable limits. (e) To achieve compliance with paragraph (a) through (d) of this section, administrative or engineeringcontrols must first be determined and implemented whenever feasible. When such controls are not feasible to achieve full compliance, protective equipment or any other protective measures shall be used to keep the exposure of employees to air contami nants within the limits prescribed in this sec tion. Any equipm ent and/or technical m easures used for this purpose must be approved for each particular use by a compe tent industrial hygienist or other technically qualified person. Whenever respirators are used, their use shall comply with !) 1910.134. 1910.1001-- ASBESTOS li' ns. e ; 1 pose of this section. sbestos" includes chrysotile, amosite, io o, tremolite, anthophylhte, and '> '<,4 fib e r s " m e a n s a s b e s to s f ib e rs o5 micrometers. i'. le exposure to airborne concenof sbestos fibers. i effective July 7, 1972. T h e 8- h o u r c hted average airborne concentra- oi a s b e s to s f i b e r s to w h ic h a n y 1 my be exposed shall not exceed longer than 5 micrometers, per m eter of air, as determ ined by pi esc rib e d in p a r a g r a p h (c) of (2) Standard e ffe ctiv e July 1, 1 9 7 6 . The 8 - h o u r time-weighted average airborne concentra tions of asb estos fibers to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed two fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (3) Ceiling concentration. No employee shall be exposed at any time to airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers in excess of 10 fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic cen timeter of air, as determined by the method prescribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (c) M ethods of com pliance. (I) Engineering m ethods. {) Engineering controls. E n g i n e e r i n g co n trols, such as, b ut not limited to, isolation, enclosure, exhaust ventilation, and dust 702 c c RWI 002433 Bankhead_Pltfs' Exhibit no. 0456 pg8 riOMAL SAFETY AND HEALTH 1910.100l(e)(I)(J) STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS .[lection, shall be used to meet the posure limits prescribed in paragraph ) of tins section. ' Loral e s h a u s t ven tilation . i a) Local exhaust ventilation and dust oilection systems shall be designed, instructed, installed, and maintained ! accordance with the American itional Standard Fundamentals ii verning the Design and Operation of Local E xhaust System s, ANSI ',9.2-1971, which is incorporated by '.Terence herein. See 5:1910.6 concerning the availabil- of ANSI Z9.2-1971, and the mainte- ince of a historic file in connection i ewith. The address of the American lonal Standards Institute is given : i 1910.100. riitruiar tools. All hand-operated and .''`-operated tools which may produce ' t-ase asbestos fibers in excess of the ,--.ure limits prescribed in paragraph if this section, such as, but not limited aws. scorers, abrasive wheels, and . shall be provided with local exhaust il.ation systems in accordance with ..[Vision (u) of this subparagraph. (iii) S p rayin g, d em o litio n , or rem oval. Employees engaged in the spraying of asbestos, the removal, or demolition of pipes, structures, or equipment covered or insulated with asbestos, and in the removal or demolition of asbestos insula tion or coverings shall he provided with respiratory equipment in accordance with paragraph (d)(2)(iii) of this section and with special clothing in accordance with paragraph (d)(3) of this section. (d) Personal protective equipment. (1) Compliance with the exposure limits pre scribed by paragraph (b) of this section may not be achieved by the use of respirators or shift rotation of employees, .ggSSflk (i) During the time period necessary to install the engineering controls and to institute the work practices required by paragraph (c) of this section; (ii) In work situ a tio n s in which the methods prescribed in paragraph (c) of this section are either technically not feasible or feasible to an extent insuf ficient to reduce the airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers below the limits prescribed by paragraph (b) of this sec tion; or practice. pii) In emergencies. i methods. Insofar as practicable, st.os shall be handled, mixed, applied, oved, cut, scored, or otherwise worked wot state sufficient to prevent the non of airborne fibers in excess of xposure limits prescribed in Para na (b) of this section, unless the use ss of the product Would be dimin- thereby. it ic o la r p r o d u c ts a n d o p e r a t io n s . No Los cement, mortar, coating, grout, ter, or similar material containing stos shall be removed from bags, car. or other containers in which they '.piped, without being either wetted, closed, or ventilated so as to prevent 1ively the release of airborne asbesers in excess of the limit s prescribed .'graph (b) of this section. (iv) Where both respirators and personnel rotation are allowed by subdivisions (i), (ii), or (iii) of this subparagraph, and both are practicable, personnel rotation shall be preferred and used. (2) Where a respirator is permitted by subparagraph (1) of this paragraph, it shall be selected from among those approved by the Bureau of Mines, Department of the Interior, or the National Institute for Occu pational Safety and Health, Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, under the provisions of 30 CFR Part 11 (37 F.R. 6244, Mar. 25, 1972), and sh all be used in accordance with subdivisions (i), (ii), (iii), and (iv) of this subparagraph. (i) Air purifying respirators. A reusable or single use air purifying respirator, or a 703 1910.100KdX2)(i) RWI 002434 _____________ Bankhead_P!tfs' Exhibit no. 0456 pg9 910.100K (?) 0 STANDA' )S AND INTERPRETATIONS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH c re" irator described in subdivision (ii) or (in1of this subparagraph, shall be used to educe the concentrations of airborne a->' est os fibers in the respirator below the ex- osore limits prescribed in paragraph (b f lis section, when the ceiling or the 8-. ir time-weighted average airborne <:i .entrations of asbestos fibers are re onably expected to exceed no more t! - 10 times those limits. (" .rod air purifying respirators. A full f- >' iece powered air p u rify in g r- '>itor, or a powered air purifying ; tor, or a respirator described in > ision (iii) of this subparagraph, ' used to reduce the concentrations A borne asb estos fibers in the r tor below the exposure limits pre- i i in paragraph (b) of this section, ' the ceiling or the, 8-hour time- ed average concentrations of , -s fibers are reasonably expected ed 10 times, but not 100 times, 1 -nits. (j c ) No employee shall be assigned to tgsKs requiring the use of respirators' if, based upon his most recent examina tion, an examining physician deter! riTirnfs that the employee will be unable trmfUnCtlOn n orm ally w ea rin g a respirator,' or That the gaiety or health of the employee or other employees will be impaired by his use of a respirator. Such em ployee sh all be rotated to another job or given the opportunity to transfer to a different position whose duties he is able to perform with the same employer, in the same geographi cal area and with the same seniority, status, and rate of pay he had just prior to such transfer, if such a different posi_tion is available. , 13V' Snecial clo th in g : T h e e m p l o y e r sh all nro- t--Vide, a n d r e q u i r e t h e u s e of. special clo th in g . such'as coveralls or sim ilar whole boay clothing, head coverings, gloves, and foot coverings for any employee exposed to air borne concentrations of asbestos fibers, w hich exceed th e ceiling level prescribed in ( "C" s'jppiied-uir respirators, continuous paragraph <b)of this section. f ressurp-damand doss. A type "C"con- ! is flow or pressure-dem and, (4) Change rooms: d-air respirator shall be used to the concentrations of airborne , s fibers in the respirator below the i e limits prescribed in paragraph i -s section, when the ceiling or the time-weighted average airborne -rations of asbestos fibers are , bly expected to exceed 100 times Yllt` (i) At any fixed place of employment exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers,in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section, the employer shall provide change rooms for employees working reg ularly at the place. (ii) Clothes lockers: The employer shall ( ib H m i'irrt o f a resp irator p ro gram . provide two separate lockers or con tainers for each employee, so separated be employer shall establish a tor program in accordance with quirements of the American or isolated as to prevent contamination of the employee's street clothes from his work clothes. al Standard Practices for Resy Protection. ANSI Z88.2-1969, (iii) Laundering: is incorporated by reference (a) Laundering of asbestos con taminated clothing shall be done so as 1910.6 c o n c e r n i n g th e a v ailab il' NSI Z88.2-1969 a n d t h e m a i n t e - of a n 'historic file in connection i h.T h e address of the American to prevent the release of airborne asbes tos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this sec tion. si S ta n d a r d s I n s tit u te is given 1.100. (b) Any employer who gives asbestoscontaminated clothing to another per- 1910.10. )U > ) 704 RWI ,002435 Bankhead_Pltfs' Exhibit no. 0456 pg10 1TONAL SAFETY A N D HEALTH I9I0.1001(dX<XiiIXb) STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS on for laundering- shall inform such erson of the requirement in (a) of this nbdivision to effectively prevent the clease of airborne asbestos fibers in rcess of the exposure limits prescribed i paragraph (b) of this section. c) Contaminated clothing shall be ransported in sealed impermeable ngs, or other closed, impermeable eon-iners, and labeled in accordance with . ragraph (g) of this section. hod of m easurem ent. 'determinations of airborne concentraof asbestos fibers shall be made by the 'mane filter method at 400-450 x (magtion) (4 millimeter objective) with contrast illumination. itoring. tied d e te rm in a tio n s. Within 6 months of jublication of this section, every iver shall cause every place of employwhere asbestos fibers are released to nitored in such a way as to determine ter every em ployee's exposure to ;tos fibers is below the limits prescribed -agraph (b) of this section. If the limits exceeded, the em ployer shall diately undertake a compliance pro- in accordance with paragraph (c) of ection. xjnal m onitoring. amples shall be collected from within breathing zone of the employees, on mbrane filters of 0.8 micrometer poros mounted in an open-face filter holder, spies shall be taken for the determinai of the 8-hour time-weighted average oorne concentrations and of the ceiling centrations of asbestos fibers. c am p lin g freq u e n cy a n d p a tte rn s. After the ial determinations required by subagraph (1) of this paragraph, samples II be of such frequency and pattern o represent with reasonable accuracy levels of exposure of employees. In case shall the sampling be done at intervals greater then 6 months for employees whose exposure to asbe,st.ngmay reasonably be foreseen to exceed the limns prescribed by paragraplftWTJfThis -seetiem---------- -- (3) Environmental m onitoring. (i) Samples shall be collected from areas of a work environment which are rep resentative of the airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers which may reach the breathing zone of employees. Samples . shall be collected on a membrane filter of 0.8 micrometer porosity mounted in an open-face filter holder. Samples shall be taken for the determination of the 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concen trations and of the ceiling concentrations of asbestos fibers. (ii) Sam pling freauency a n d patterns. After the initial determinations required by subparagraph (1) of this paragraph, samples shall be of such frequency and pattern as to represent with reasonable accuracy the levels of exposure of the employees. In no case shall sampling he at intervals greater than 6 months for employees whose exposures to asbestos may reason ably be foreseen to exceed the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. (4) E m ployee o b servation a f m onitoring. Affected employees, or their representatives, shall be given a reasonab le opportunity to observe any monitoring required by this paragraph and shall have access to the records thereof. (g) Caution signs and labels. {1} Caution signs. (i) Posting. Caution signs shall be provided anti displayed at each location where air borne concentrations of asbestos fibers may be in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (id of this section. Signs shall be posted at such a distance from such a location so that an employee may read the signs and take necessary protective steps before entering the area marked by the signs. Signs shall l>e posted 705 i9io.iooi(gxixi) RWI 002436 Bankhead_Pltfs' Exhibit no. 0456 pg11 1910.101 >" ') STANI .r AND INTERPRETATIONS OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH approaches to areas containing sive concentrations of airborne os fibers. ily visible and legible. The label shall state: CAPTION ( o sp ecification s. The warning signs ed by subdivision (i) of this sub- -aph shall conform to the require, of 20" x 14" vertical format signs Contains Asbestos Fibers Avoid C reating Dust B reathing Asbestos Dust May Cause Serious Bodily Harm led in 1910.145(d)(4), and to this /ision. The signs shall display the (h) H ousekeeping. mg legend in the lower panel, with sixes and styles of a visibility at equal to that specified in this sub- m. L gend > s __________________ ,,---------- N elation 1" Sans (1 ) C lean in g. All external surfaces in any place of employment shall be maintained free of accumulations of asbestos fibers if, with their dispersion, there would be an excessive concentration. Serif, Gothic (2) Waste disposal. A sbestos w aste, scrap, or Block. debris, bags, containers, equipment, and * a z a r d ------------------------ .------- Ji**Suns asbestos-contaminated clothing, consigned Serif. for disposal, which may produce in any c B reathing D u s t --------------- . . Assigned Protective Equip- ,t Remain In Area Unless r Work Requires I t ine Asbestos Dust May Be irdous To Your Health. Gothic or Block 1" Gothic. q " Gothic. yt " Gothic, u point Gothic. reasonably foreseeable use, handling, stor age, processing, disposal, or transportation airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section shall be col lected and disposed of in sealed imperme able bags, or oth er closed, impermeable con tainers. ng between lines shall be at least (i) Recordkeeping. to the height of the upper of any nes. (1) Exposure records. Every employer shall maintain records of any personal or environ mental monitoring required by this section. (2 on la b els. Records shall be maintained for a period of at ting. Caution labels shall be affixed raw materials, mixtures, scrap, , debris, and other products com ain- bestos fibers, or to their containers, t that no label is required where tos fibers have been modified by a least 20 years and shall be made available upon request to the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, the Director of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, and to au thorized representatives of either. ng agent, coating, binder, or other 141 F.R. 11504. M arch 19. 1976.1 'iai so that during any reasonably eable use, handling, storage, dis, processing, or transportation, no m e concentrations of asbestos ' in excess of the exposure limits pre`d in paragraph (b) of this section e released. (2) Employee access. Every employee and former employee shall have reasonable access to any record required tp be main tained by subparagraph (1) of this para graph, which indicates the employee's own exposure to asbestos fibers. 1910.1 >el sp ecif cations. T h e c a u t i o n la b e ls ie<l by s u b d iv is io n U) of th i s s u b graph shall be printed in letters of le n t size a n d c o n tr a s t as to lie rend- > 706 (3) Employee notification. Any employee found to have been exposed at any time to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers in excess of the limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of RWI 002437 Bankhead_Pltfs' Exhibit no. 0456 pg12 NATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH *is section shall be notified m writing of if exposure as soon as practicable hut not iter than 5 days of the finding. The uployee shall also be tuneIv notified of the rrective action being taken edical exam inations. ) G en eral. The employer shall provide nr ike available at his cost, medical exnminam s relative to exposure to asbestos quired by this paragraph. Replacement. The employer shall provide make available to each of his employees, thin HOcalendar days following his first lployment in an occupation exposed toairrne concentrations'of asbestos fibers, a nprehensive medical examination, which ili include, as a minimum, a chest i oentnojrram i pus te nor-a nte i n>r I 4 x l " cites), a history to elicit s\ mmoiuatology i espiratory uisea.se. anu uimonarv rune n te s t s to in clu d e forced \ i t , u c a p a c ity VC anti forced e x p i r a t o r y vm utue a t 1 sec- ii iFEVi.ui. i A nnual e x a m in a tio n s. On or bet01e Janu ary , 197:!. and at least annuallv thereafter, cry employer shall provide, or make avallle. comprehensive medical examinations each of his employees engaged in occupa nts exposed to airborne concentrations of oestos fibers. Such annual examination all include, as a minimum, a chest roent:nogram (p osterior-an ten oi 1S x 17 ches), a history to elicit symptomatology respiratory disease, and pulmonary func,n tests to include forced vital capacity VC) and forced expiratory volume at 1secd (FEVi.o). ` Termination of employment. "1he einplovcr all provide, or make available, within :ill 19HU001fl)(3) STANDARDS AND INTERPRETATIONS calendar days before or after the termina tion of em ploym ent of any employee engaged in an occupation exposed to air borne concentrations of asbestos fibers, a comprehensive medical examination which shall include, as a minimum, a chest roent genogram (posterior-anterior 14 x 17 inches), a history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, and pulmonary func tion tests to include forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 sec ond (FEVi.o). (5) Recent examinations. Xo medical examina tion is required of any employee, if adequate records show that the employee has been examined in accordance with this para graph within the past l-year period. (6) Medical records. (i) Maintenance. Employers of employees examined pursuant to this paragraph shall cause to be maintained complete and accurate records of all such medical examinations. Records shall be retained by employers for at least *20 years (it) Access. The contents of the records of the medical examinations required bv this paragraph shall be made available, for in sp ection and copying, to the Assistant Secretary of Labor for Occupa tional Safety and Health, the Director of XIOSH. to authorized physicians and medical consultants of either of them, and. upon the request of an employee or former employee, to his physician. Any physician who conducts a medical exami nation required by this paragraph shall furnish to the employer of the examined employee all the information specifically required by this paragraph, and any other medical information related to occupa tional exposure to asbestos fibers. 1 0 .1 0 0 2 -- COAL TAR PITCH VOLATILES; INTERPRETATION OF TERM used in $ 1910.102 (Table 7,-1). coal tar pitch les include the fused polycyclic hydrocarbons volatilize from the distillation residues of coal, leiim, wood , and other organa matter. H 707 1910.1U02 RWI 002438 Bankhead_Pltfs' Exhibit no. 0456 pg13