Document 6RyE7pQz5L0EObDm3bGQGXb29

TOt D&. J.V. BARRBTT OVIH/teB copipggiL c.o. Dr. J.A. Gardner. Dr. V.MoG. Morgan. Mr. W.I. Hanar. Mr. C.G. Mickhan Dr. H.a. Ituus Dr. D.S.P. Hornbook Mr. J.S. Hontar Mr. K.L. Plxton Mr. I.G.H. Thonas. Mr. J.A* Brlndla. 6th Deoeeber 1955 AROCLCBS TOXICOLOGICAL KZAMHATICi ' Since ay communication of 19th Aognat 1955* when I siismiil op the position confronting as following ths receipt of tha reports of tha lattaring Laboratory, Dr. lawman has dlsoasaad with Dr. lally tha signifieanea of tha lattaring results in relation to K.C.C. thought and policy. H.C.G.1 ianadlata action is to sobait tha reports to tha iaeriean Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists in support of a claim that tha official tools of aazijuun permissible vapours concentrations diould include the itarns: - I 42$ Chlorinated Diphenyl (Aroclor 1242) 54$ (Aroolor 1254) 2 agrms./m3 1 mgrm./a^ The lettering results indicated in brief that prolonged exposure to Arooler 1242 vapour at 1.9 mgxn./r gave no sign of daaage to the test anlaals but that; Aroclor 1254 at 1.5 mgrm./*3 caused slight but positive signs of injury.* Ton mill note that X.C.C. do not introduce a safety factor in translating these animal test results to human beings, and in fact regard such a factor as unnecessary in animal tests of such thorough ness as those carried out at Kettering. It will be ataetine before we know the decision. In ay view it would mot be unrealistic to assign a veins of 2 mgtm./m* to Arooler 1242 but the came far setting the limit at 1 agru./V far Arealor 1254 is not so logical. After all 1254 nan cause slight hut yareeptible damage at 1.6 mgrm./m3 and who can say whether it would be harmless at UHHK 025665 CAMo. 8-64-1 IdStX *875l WATER_PCB-SDOOOO015406 -2- 1 sgr*./m^. However, if ths M.C.C. recommendations are aeoepted there 111 be an implication that Arooler toxicity ineraasaa with chlorina content, a revered of tha position suggested in M.C.C. toohnlcal 11tormtors. M.C.C. Application Data Bulletin Ho. P-115 states *If Aroclors aro osad at alsTatad toaporaturos such as 200 or 300C. in opon syitsns nothods must bo designed to oxhanst any Tapours arising fron those opon aystans. This applies especially to lower ohlorinated Aroclors where experiaental work on animals indicates that the maximum safe concentration in workrooms is in the range of 0.5 - 1.0 milligrams per cubic meter of air. In the case of more highly chlorinated Aroclors such as Aroclor 1268 the ' allowable limit is about 10 milligrams per cubic meter of air and accordingly. Aroclors of this type are believed to be of a much lower order of toxicity. Whatever the outcome, there will be no impact on H.C.C. policy regarding the use of Aroclors in paints since ML.C.C. have long ceased to recommend the use of Aroclors for this purpose. However, M.C.L. has continued to offer Aroclors for use in paints on the basis that the evidence for rejection was slim, and that the risk is redueed by resorting to the use of more highly chlorinated Aroclors. This was thought to have the duel advantage of using a material of (a) lover intrinsic toxicity (b) lover vapour pressure. It is now clear that toxicity increases with degree of chlorination and that this effect aay cancel or even outweigh the.advantage due to decreased vapour pressure. We have tended to draw a distinction between the use of Aroclors in latex paints on the one hand and in conventional paints on the other, the concensus of opinion being that the rate of volatilisation from the former is greater then from the latter, and as a result we are no longer recommending Aroclors for latex painte. The decision now before ue is whether we should oantinua to sell Aroclors for use in conventional paints. Gb this issus, the recent decision by I.C.X. to discontinue their usage' of Aroclors In ordinary paints is considersd to bt an indication of the that aay veil he taken by cur other customers. Broadly speaking the main objections are that tha paint aannfaeturer oannot control the paint user Who aay apply in the form of spray, and aay use on hot surfaces. In eithsr case a degree ef risk must be admitted. As to bow serious the risk may be it depends naturally on tbs total tine for tdiieh any individual is exposed during bis life tins. There asst dearly be circumstances mnder ahltb the asc mf Aroolcar containing paints will eon- stltute a health haaard, partlomlarly to individuals vhe far ons reason or another are constitutionally less resistant than the . tha I.6.I. decision must have been Influenced quite materially by s letter fron Dr. Kelly te Mr. toy Wittereohein (dated 15.7.55.), n eojy mf which reached them through Canadiim Industries Ltd. The relevant passages are as followst- sum? WATER_PCB-SD0000015407 - 3- Aroclor should not bo sprayed op the job In an industrial plant where there are plant personnel who oan breath* the vapours. There la no danger at all If the aatarial la brushed ax, and there la ao danger in spraying it if tha workara use a booth or aaa an approved raapirator and no ana inhalaa tha spray. Aroclor fnaaa at rooa taaparatara wry probably would not praaant any hasarda. Mlat or epray, however, la anothar problaa entirely and that la tha raaaon for tha above recommendation. Aftar all, tha toxicity of Aroclor mat taka into oanaldaratian hov moh can gat into tha air. It la oar baliaf that at roan taaparatara not enough can gat into tha air to caoaa any troobla. At elevated taaparataraa and if tha aatarial la digoarsad aa a mist or aaroaol a diffarant intarprataticn haa to ba placed an its toxicity^. Tha passages of partioalar aignificanca to I.C.I. Paints are ondorllnad and oay ba oansiderad to be reflected in their oanolasians which I nov quote below: - In brief (a) Tha spraying of Aroclor paints appears to involve precautions which woold be so inconvenient as to limit unduly their application by this aethod. (b) Apart froa questions of spraying there appear to be cases where Aroclor-containing paints woold involve toxlo hasards either daring appli cation or subsequently, and where cautionary advice would be appropriate. The need for special precautions would limit the use of Aroclor paints in these caaea. (c) Aa far aa the paimta in question are concerned it is impossible to know hov any partioalar can may be eventually used, so every can would need to show the warnings and precautions for all foreseeable eventualities. The presence of these warnings would tend to deter people trm. using the paints even' in oases where no special precautions were needed." With reference to the impression generally given that cold Aroclora are safe, recent determinations of vapour pressure (Southern Research Institute final Report to M.C.C. on Project 526 by W.K. Solan) permit the saturated vapour concentrations to be calculated as follows: - Tapour Concentration Aroclor 1242 Aroclor 124S Aroclor 1254 20C. 4.7 2.1 0.8 & 3.0 1.1 sen O'*"1" WATER PCB-SD0000015408 -4- Hence air saturated with cold Aroclor is at or shove the maximum permissible concentration. In general we hare to accept Dr. Kelly' e leading remarks and the conclusions of I.C.I. Paints* but any consideration of the risk under a given set of conditions oust involve the total exposure factor as well as the concentration. It is in this area that constructive answers could be siade if the necessary background of data were available. However* the issue oefore us is whether .-t.C.L. should align its policy on the use of Aroclors in paint with that of M.3.O., and as I see it we have little alternative when tf.3.3. can be quoted against us. The use of aroclors in paints based on chlorinated robber warrants special consideration in view of the following circumstances (a) aroclors are of such value for the purpose that the manufacturers might well be embarrassed if we withdraw our recommendation (b) they are not used for ordinary decorative ana protective purposes in domestic and industrial premises, but uc protect metals from corrosion, (c) they are not applied to not surfaces under conditions which would constitute a hazird to nearby personnel. My recommendations are accordingly as follows:1. M.C.L. continues to sell Aroclors for use in the manufacture of paints based on chlorinated rubber. 2. n.C.L. continues to sell Aroclors for production of paints intended for exterior application. 3. .1. r.l. discontinues the sale of Aroclors for use in the manufacture of all other paints. SCM 048754 ilium 025668 WATER PCB-SD0000015409 a. J. t. liUlTT - l--dm. VKH/OL. 27.2.5*. ttOCLCi TQIICITT. Titr mm af February Tjrt. o* Or. D.T.H. Iffdy Dr. VJM. Kff^a. Dr. 1JL. Dim. Aftar falof throng tv fllu at Buaban and Bairpff t a hart anly haao Ala ta find n Arno lor rapart oantaialm data m Araelar Toxicity. Thia ra part * 2215, Final la part an *Araolff Data look!, hjr KJ. fillet, datad Ajril 27tb, 19** haa a aaall aaetlon an phyaiolajlcal affaota. Tha flrat daala with akin affaota aad la baaad an InformatIan fran BIGS raparta. It ladloataa ha* oneb troAlaa aa ohlffaoat and Id arnal alflkaaaa axparlaoead in tha arlj daya h*n paopla war a handllnf ohlarlnatad lydrooarbana oould ba avoided by adoption A ani table aathoda of hyglena, and tha uoe of a anltable barrlar aram. C&l*vnJbu4 Tha aaoaad aaetlon bioh la taken tram Tha Journal af Xnluatrial lyfloae and Toxleelocy, Toltaa 20, Mbr 2, Fabraffj 1956* flraa a brlaf deoorlptlm af tha eyatealo taxlelty affaot abloh ohlarlnatad hydrooffboaa Ins Iodine ohlarlnatad byphenola oaa eanaa. Liver donate la of aooraa tha antotaadlnf affaot aad af tha vffleua/hidreeffbona looted ./diphenyl #we evidence aa being tha aaat taalo. It la ladleated that la Alto rata breathing air a attaining arannd 0.57 ngm. par au. a. aaar a parlad af 1J4 - 14J dagra e&uaod liver lajery. *. r. gAim. SCM 048755 WATER_PCB-SD0000015410 Dr. U Sevaan lewport, England. February 12th, 1954. .... - -~j . Ve do not know what the mxI-- allowable concentration of Aroelor la. On* allllgraa par ouhlo natar baa bean aet op. Ve bare run for about 60 days at 7 tinea thin and found aoae liver danage. Ve are now running thin at a lower level. . Ve bare never found aay liver trouble In any of the vorkera In our plant, but ve watch the control of the funea In our euetonera' planta and always reoomend exhaust ventilation. I an aure you reallae that 1 ng per eohlfl neter la reooanended for an ^hour day for indafinite periods of tin*. In painting a roon ve have food 1 - 2 ng for a day or so, but after that the level drope dm to nothing. Vhat ve vere really vanylng about vaa the poeelbUity that a nan would develop hepatitis on an Idiopathic. viral, or aorun beela and on questioning would roeail that ha had painted a roon with Aroelor paint and state that ha had f--it vary strongly. I an afraid than va night bo oonrleted by asaooiatlon even though vo vere aure one eould not get a level high enough to eaune trouble. Va hare, however, been concerned vlth the lertl of Aroolcr during spray painting, but I think that level can only be deteralned by actual aaaaurenanta. Plaaae do not worry about asking ns thasa questions because ve certainly vant you to bare the entire picture ebout Aroelor toodoity. Ae soon u Z gat a report on the work at Kettering, X will let you knov. 1. tact Kelly, KJ. inftn. SCH 0<*8756 iiiinn WATER PCB-SD0000015411