Document 6Rbv65QNJQ5bB3aVJzompQqvg

1954 Guide CHAPTER 18 448 Various Cities op the ---_ * Days for Industrie Heating in Table 9. Degree-Day United States* Annual Totals for a Normal Heating Season. Degbeb-Uayb 45F Base 4029 2537 55F Base -- 6U2 4444 Estimating Fuel Consumption for Space Heating 449 Table 9. Degree-Days fob Industrial Heating in Various Cities op the United States (Continued) Annual Totals for a Normal Healing Season. State City Deqbee-Days 45F 55F Base Base State City Degbee-Datb 45F Base 55F ' Pierre......................... .. Rapid City.................. Yankton....................... 3743 3163 2590 2898 5678 6234 4628 6045 Vt. Va. 242 1398 Knoxville...................... 431 Memphis ;...................... 166 1741 1284 Wash. Nashville...................... .419 . 1678 Tex............ Amarillo.'.................... El Paso......................... Fort Worth................... Galveston..................... Houston........................ Palestine................... San Antonio................ 786. 32 . 915 2220 919 W. Va. 754 43 110 . wis.... .484 305 Utah.......... Salt Lake City....... 1978 3981 iWyo. 1475 3202 Burlington.................... Northfield..................... Lynchburg.................... Norfolk......................... Richmond..................... North Head................. Spokane.......... ........... Tacoma......................... Walla Walla.................. Parkerabutg.................. Green Bay................... La Crosse...................... Madison...... ................ Milwaukee.................... Cheyenne...................... Lander........................... 3014 3652 554 260 549 184 408 1741 507 993 1506 1147 3318 3034. 3067 2657 2500 3208 4984" 7121 1928 1496 1895 2062 2165 3672 2365 2565 3327 2784 5331 3992 4850 4617 4700 5450 * From Degree-Day Handbook By C. Strock and C. H. B. Hotchkiss (The Industrial Press, pp. 132-134). INDUSTRIAL DEGREE-DAYS When estimating the heating requirements of warehouses, factories, and other buildings where the inside temperature to be maintained differs greatly from the usual inside temperature range of 68 to 72 F, it is common to use degree-days based on temperatures of 55 to 45 F. These are gen erally referred to as industrial degree-days, and are listed in Table 9 for a number of cities using both 55 F and 45 F as the base. In general, the degree-days (55 F base) are used when the temperature of the heated space is to be maintained at approximately 60 F. For an inside temperature of about 50 F, the degree-days calculated on a 45 F base should be used. The industrial degree-days are useful for estimating fuel consumption by comparison between localities in which the difference in degree-days is not too great, and where the known fuel consumption of one building may be used to determine unit consumption per degree-day. MAXIMUM DEMANDS AND LOAD FACTORS In one form of district heating rates', a portion of the charge is based Jipon the maximum demand of the building. The maximum demand may measured in several different ways. It may be taken as the instantane ous peak or as the rate of use during any specified interval. One method j? * take the average of the three highest hours during the winter. These hgures are shown for a number of buildings in Detroit in Table 10.12 These maximum demands were measured by an attachment on the con densation meter, and therefore represent the amounts of condensation trough the meter in the highest hours, rather than the true rate at TM*uch steam is supplied. There might be slight differences in these two quantities due to time lag and to storage of condensate in the system, but uerever this has been investigated it has been found to be negligible.