Document 6RE3r4vw22YZXkw49y3jZwnqo

CON-8S 3 J 1 ] J j i ] --- i PARTIAL INSTALLATION 11970 VINTAGE CONGOLl VINYL ASBESTOS TILE RESIDENTIAL BATHROOW June 24, 2002 BY/ Project #1941A-7237 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................. 1 Objectives.......................................................................................................................... 1 Background........................................................................................................................ 1 Sample Results.................................................................................................................. 1 BwUer & Yates, Inc. N oT E s METHODOLOGY.......................................................................................................................... 2 PCM Sampling Procedure .............................................................................................. 2 "Personal'Samples ......................................................................................................... 2 Homogeneous Sampling Area ........................................................................................ 2 "Average Room Air* Samples.......................................................................................... 2 "Background Air" Samples for TEM Analysis................................................................. 2 PCM Light Microscopy Analysis...................................................................................... 3 Fiber Type Determination by Electron Microscopy........................................................ 3 AHERA Electron Microscopy Analysis........................................................................... 3 PLM Light Microscopy Analysis ................... 4 Statistical Comparisons ................................................................................................... 4 Laboratory Accreditation................................................................................................... 4 Video Recording................................................................................................................ 4 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS............................................................................. 5 Residential Setting ........................................................................................................... 5 Background Sampling Results........................................................................................ 5 Existing Congoleum VAT................................................................................................. 7 Congoleum VAT Used for Installation............................................................................. 7 Tile Installation Test......................................................................................................... 8 Sampling Results During Test ...................................................................................... 10 CONCLUSIONS.......................................................................................................................... 11 APPENDICES A - Compilation Spreadsheets and Graphs - TESTING RESULTS B - Compilation Spreadsheets and Graphs - PRE-TEST BACKGROUND RESULTS and DURING TEST OUTDOOR AREA BACKGROUND RESULTS C - NIOSH 7400 PCM and NIOSH 7402 TEM Laboratory Reports D - AHERA TEM Laboratory Reports E - PLM Bulk Sample Report PARTIAL INSTALLATION 1970 VINTAGE CONGOLEUM VINYL ASBESTOS TILE RESIDENTIAL BATHROOM EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Objectives The purpose of the test was to determine the concentration of fibers in the airwhile handling and installing 1970 vintage Congoleum vinyl asbestos tile (VAT) in a portion of a residential bathroom. Boelter & Yates, Inc. NOTES Background The test was performed in a residential bathroom where about one half of the bathroom tile had been removed as part of the preparations for a floor tile repair task. The other half of the bathroom flooring was original 1970's vintage Congoleum VATs. The residence, located at 225 Fremont Avenue in Seaside Heights, New Jersey, was that of Mr. Don Golemme.1 The test was conducted in an actual residence and therefore is representative of actual conditions. The test was conducted to represent the activities of a workerwho would be installing new old stock (N.O.S.) Congoleum vinyl asbestos floortile (VAT) utilizing pre-1970's techniques. Sampling was performed to reflect the entire term of the activities required to install the VAT. The test was performed on May 22,2002 by Mr. Scott Wynder, a professional flooring installer of Dunes Floor Covering in Chesterton, Indiana, and Mr. Fred Boelter, serving as a helper. Also assisting from outside the immediate work area was Mr. John Spencer of Environmental Profiles, Inc. in Baltimore, Maryland. This report presents the results of the test described herein. Sample Results All samples measured concentrations of total fibers in air which were well below the current U.S. Department of Labor Occupational Safety and Health Administration (USDOL-OSHA) 8-hr Time Weighted Average (TWA) Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) of 0.1 fiber per cubic centimeter (f/cc). Subsequent definitive analysis determined there were no asbestos fibers present in any area or personal sample. Sample results are presented in the accompanying tables. Mr Golemme is employed by the Congoleum Corporation of Mercerville. New Jersey. Partial Installation -1970 Vintage Congoleum VAT - Residential Bathroom June 25,2002 Page 2 METHODOLOGY PCM Sampling Procedure Samples were collected and analyzed by Phase Contrast Microscopy (PCM) following NIOSH Method 7400. Air was drawn through a 25mm, conductive cowl cassette with an 0.8 micron mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filterfor collecting airborne particulate. The cassette was connected to a dedicated Gilian servo-drive pump. The pump was used to maintain a flow rate of two (2) liters per minute (Ipm) for both personal and area room air samples. A Brooks rotameter was used to calibrate the pumps prior to and post sample collection. The rotameter was calibrated against a primary standard. The samples were sealed, labeled and shipped to the laboratory for analysis. Samples were signed, placed in an overnight shipping container, sealed, tracked by Airborne, and arrived at the laboratory by next day air. "Personal* Samples Personal samples were collected by attaching the cassette in the breathing zone ofthe individual performing the work for the duration of the test. The sampling pump was worn on the individual's belt. Homogeneous Sampling Area The residence was composed of a number of rooms. While the removal activities were actually being performed in the bathroom, the adjacent kitchen was the necessary access point to the bathroom. Consequently, the kitchen (130ft2) and bathroom (about 45ft2) were considered one homogeneous sampling area (HSA) of about 175ft2. The total volume of this homogeneous sampling area (HSA) was approximately 1,400ft3. Access to other parts of the residence were prohibited by the closing of doors and windows and the establishment of a dual layer critical barrier between the kitchen and living room. "Average Room Air* Samples To determine the "average room air* concentration, four (4) random locations were selected in the bathroom and four (4) random locations were selected in the kitchen. A sampling pump and cassette was placed in each of the eight (8) locations for the duration of the test. "Background Air" Samples for TEM Analysis Prior to conducting the test, the room was sampled to verify cleanliness. Ten (10) samples were collected (five inside the'HSA and five outside the residence) following a modified AHERA Protocol. Three (3) blanks were also reserved. Analysis was performed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) following AHERA Protocol. Priorof conducting the background test, the horizontal surfaces ofthe bathroom and kitchen were wet wiped. Since this was an actual residence, utilization of "aggressive leaf blower" techniques was judged impractical. Consequently, samples were collected under static conditions. This static collection of samples is what modifies the technique from AHERA. Boelter & Yates, Inc. NOTES Partial Installation -1970 Vintage Congoleum VAT - Residential Bathroom June 25,2002 Page 3 Air was drawn through a 25mm, conductive cowl cassette with an 0.45 micron mixed cellulose ester (MCE) filter for collecting airborne fibers. The cassette was connected to a dedicated Gast high volume pump. The pump was used to maintain a flow rate of 10 liters per minute (Ipm). A BGI rotameter was used to calibrate the pumps prior to, during, and post sample collection. The rotameter was calibrated against a primary standard. The samples were sealed, labeled and shipped to the laboratory for analysis. Samples were signed, placed in an overnight shipping container, sealed, tracked by Airborne, and arrived at the laboratory by next day air. PCM Light Microscopy Analysis Samples were analyzed in accordance with NIOSH Method 7400. Total fiber counts were determined by phase contrast microscopy (PCM) in accordance with the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, Fourth Edition, dated 8/15/94, A Rules. Values for PCM analysis are provided in the Appendix A and Appendix B spreadsheets. The only fibers which are counted are those which are longer than 5 microns and have a length to width ratio equal to or greater than 3:1. PCM analysis counts all fibers meeting the specified dimensions. The analysis is not specific for asbestos but is the method specified to be used in the OSHA regulations. The PCM laboratory reports are presented in Appendix C. Fiber Type Determination bv Electron Microscopy Air samples were subsequently analyzed in accordance with NIOSH Method 7402. Specific fiber types were determined by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) in accordance with the NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, Fourth Edition, dated 8/15/94, ASBESTOS by TEM. Values for TEM analysis are provided in the Appendix A and Appendix B spreadsheets. The only fibers which are counted are those which are longer than 5 microns and have a length to width ratio equal to or greaterthan 3:1. The specific fibertypes were determined as a "fraction of optically visible asbestos fibers on the filter'. The TEM laboratory reports are presented in Appendix C. AHERA Electron Microscopy Analysis AHERA Protocol transmission electron microscopy (TEM) analysis was performed on all background samples to verify the cleanliness of the HSA prior to beginning the test. The sample analysis was performed as described in the Federal Register Vol. 52, No. 210, the Asbestos Hazard Emergency Response Act (AHERA Protocol). Small squares were cut from each filter, processed appropriately, placed onto 200 mesh copper screens (grids) and transferred to a modified Jaffe Wick Washer containing acetone solvent. After the appropriate processing time, the grids were examined with a JEOL 1200EX or 100CX TEM. Grid openings from each sample were scanned at 20.000X. When fibers or structures of various shapes were encountered, they were assessed for morphological characteristics and crystalline structure with selected area electron diffraction (SAED). Boelter & Yates, Inc. NOTES Partial Installation -1970 Vintage Congoleum VAT - Residential Bathroom June 25, 2002 Page 4 The TEM laboratory reports are presented in Appendix D. PLM Light Microscopy Analysis Bulk samples were analyzed for asbestos by Polarized Light Microscopy (PLM) in accordance with guidelines set forth in the EPA Method for Determination of Asbestos in Bulk Building Materials, U.S. EPA/600/R-93-116 (7/93 Edition). Boelter & Yates, Inc. NOTES The PLM laboratory reports are presented in Appendix E. Statistical Comparisons Data was formatted in spreadsheets for analysis. Statistical functions were performed including maximum, average, minimum, standard deviation, and variance. The spreadsheets in Appendices A and B presents the data and summarize the statistical analyses performed. Laboratory Accreditation The samples were shipped to and analyzed by R. J. Lee Group, Inc. in their Monroeville, Pennsylvania laboratory. R. J. Lee is accredited for TEM analysis by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) under the National Voluntary Laboratory 'Accreditation Program (NVLAP) as Lab #101208. R. J. Lee is also accredited for PCM analysis by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) as Lab #8204. Video Recording The entire process was video recorded. A Sony Digital Handycam DCR-TRV11 was used to record the activities from various vantage points in the bathroom. Boelter & Yates environmental engineers and scientists 3 cJ PARTIAL INSTALLATION 1970 VINTAGE CONGOLEUM VINYL ASBESTOS TILE RESIDENTIAL BATHROOM i ,] i ] 4 J j ] ^ June 24, 2002 BYI Project #1941A-7237 i Boelter & Yates, Inc. 1300 Higgins Road Suite 301 Park Ridge, Illinois 60068-5772 847/ 692-4700 Fax 847/ 692-3127 Partial Installation -1970 Vintage Congoleum VAT - Residential Bathroom June 25, 2002 Page 5 DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS Residential Setting Testing was performed in an actual bathroom located in a residence at 225 Fremont Avenue in Seaside Heights, New Jersey. The bathroom is an area of about 45ft2 (360ft3) with a configuration as shown in Figure 1. Figure 2 - View from kitchen to bathroom The bathroom is located just off the kitchen of the residence (see Figure 2). Figure 3 shows the residence layout. Since access to the bathroom is through the kitchen, these two rooms were established as the homogeneous sampling area (HSA). An airtight critical barrier was constructed of a double layer of 6 mil polyethylene sheeting to physically separate the kitchen from the livingroom. One layer was constructed on the kitchen side and one layer was constructed on the living room side. Access to the kitchen was gained through the rear porch. Figure 1 - Bathroom configuration Bsthroom Porch South Bedroom Stain MiddJ* Btdroom North Btdroom KSehtn Living Room Poreh Figure 3 - Residence configuration and HSA All other openings such as doors and windows were closed. The critical barrier is visible in the view from the bathroom to the kitchen shown in Figure 4. Background Sampling Results The bathroom had been the subject of a test involving the partial removal of existing tile. Prior to conducting the partial removal test, horizontal surfaces in the homogeneous sampling area were systematically wet wiped. Partial Installation -1970 Vintage Congoleum VAT - Residential Bathroom June 25, 2002 Page6 Following the cleaning, a series of background samples were analyzed from five (5) area sampling locations inside the homogeneous sampling area in accordance with a modified AHERA protocol. Background samples were collected under "static" conditions with analysis by AHERA TEM in accordance with AHERA Protocol. Boeiter & Yates, Inc. N0TEs Results of the Pre-Test Background sampling are shown in the following Table I: STATISTICAL FUNCTION Modified AHERA (Static) Method AHERA TEM (s/mm1) NIOSH 7400 PCM (f/cc) Background for 5/21 - - Background for 5/21 MAXIMUM AVERAGE MINIMUM STAND. DEV. COUNT 15.4 <15.4 <15.4 0.0 5 0.055 0.020 0.006 0.018 5 The levels met the AHERA Clearance Criteria of an average of less than seventy structures per millimeter squared (<70 s/mm2) for the 5 samples analyzed and the homogeneous sampling areas was considered clean. Results are shown in the spreadsheet presented in Appendix B. Results of the Durina-Test Outdoor Area Backaround samolinq are shown in the following Table II: STATISTICAL NIOSH 7402 TEM (asbestos f/cc) NIOSH 7400 PCM (total f/cc) FUNCTION Background on 5/22 PM - - Background on 5/22 PM - MAXIMUM AVERAGE MINIMUM STAND. DEV. COUNT 0 <0.011 0 <0.011 0 <0.011 0.0 0.0 55 The results indicate that roof removal activities across the street (see Figure 5) did not adversely impact on the outdoor air quality around the residence where testing was being performed. Consequently, the outdoor air was not an influencing factor in the indoor tests. Results are shown in the spreadsheet presented in Appendix B. Figure 5 - Roof removal activities across the street. Partial Installation -1970 Vintage Congoleum VAT - Residential Bathroom June 25,2002 Page 7 Existing Congoleum VAT The existing bathroom tile, part of which had been removed in an earlier test, is shown with its corresponding bulk sample in Figure 6. The tile is found in a 1972 Congoleum Corporation pattern book as 12" x 12" Supertile "Libra" VAT with stock number VA-938. A copy of the page from the pattern book is shown in Appendix E. The bathroom was added to the residence in 1972. The 1972 vintage of the tile is consistent with the date of construction of this bathroom. The tile was bulk sampled (i.d. MFM-0502-401) and analyzed. The asbestos content of the " a a Libra VAT was determined to be 0.0% chrysotile. The vinyl baseboard was also bulk sampled (i.d. MFM-0502-404) and analyzed. The asbestos content of the baseboard was determined to be 0.0% chrysotile. Additionally, bulk samples were analyzed of the mastics for both the VAT (i.d. MFM-0502-402M) and baseboard (i.d. MFM-0502-405M). The asbestos content of both mastics were determined to be 0.0% chrysotile. See Appendix E for bulk sample data. Congoleum VAT Used for Installation About thirty (30) tiles of two (2) different Congoleum Corporation patterns were available for the partial installation testing. These tiles are the same tiles which were used in a tile installation test performed in the isolation test chamber on May 14, 2002. The numbers of different tiles available for the testing are listed below: 7 tiles - 12x12 1972 White Ventura VAT 1 tile - 12x12 1972 Brown Ventura VAT 5 & 2/3 tile - 12x12 1972 Beige Ventura VAT 17 tiles - 12x12 1970-71 Aztec VAT One style (See Figure 7) is known as Congoleum Aztec with stock number VA-412. This particular tile is a 1970 to 1971 vintage 12"x 12" vinyl asbestos tile. It is orange with a star pattern. This tile had been previously bulk sampled (i.d. MFM-0698-004) and analyzed2. The asbestos content of the Aztec VAT was determined to be 0.02% chrysotile. See Appendix E for bulk sample data. Figure 7 - Congoleum Aztec vinyl asbestos tile. Iter & Yates, Inc. OTES Refer to Boelter & Yates report entitled, "ASBESTOS CONTENT OF FLOOR TILES", dated July 17. 1998. Project #1941A-5385 Partial Installation -1970 Vintage Congoleum VAT - Residential Bathroom June 25, 2002 Page 8 A second style (See Figure 8) is known as Congoleum Ventura with stock number VA-491. This particular tile is a 1972 vintage 12"x12" vinyl asbestos tile. It has a hexagonal pattern and there were three different colors provided. This tile had been previously bulk sampled (i.d. MFM-0698-007) and analyzed3. The asbestos content of the Ventura VAT was determined to be C.0% chrysotile. See Appendix E for bulk sample data. Tile installation Test The particular test being performed was the installation of tile as would be typical for a repair activity. An approximately 25ft2 area of the original Congoleum VAT as shown in Figure 9 was previously removed by Mr. Wynder. This same area would be subject to a partial installation task. During the test, there was no deliberate air movement into or out of the residence. No doors or windows were opened during the testing nor was any mechanical ventilation operated before, during or after any of the test cycles. Since this is an actual residence, however, it is likely that there is a natural ventilation rate due to building envelop leakage. This would represent an actual exposure while performing the tasks. 1 I gp I Figure 9 - Area prepared for partial installation Mr. Scott Wynder, the professional flooring installer, was asked to perform the activities using typical pre-1970's techniques, tools and methods. Personal and average room air samplers were started prior to beginning the testing. The samplers were stopped after completion of the testing. The samplers were operated for the period of time indicated. During the test cycle, no one left or entered the homogeneous sampling area. J Refer to Boelter & Yates report entitled, "ASBESTOS CONTENT OF FLOOR TILES" dated July 17, ' 1998, Project #1941A-5385 Partial Installation -1970 Vintage Congoleum VAT - Residential Bathroom June 25, 2002 Page 9 During the sampling event, similar procedures were followed as described in Table il: STEP 1 2 3 A 5 6 7 TABLE II SEQUENCE ACTIVITY Prepare and stage tools and tiles Trowel on the adhesive Allow mastic to "tack up' Lay whole tiles Measure cut and lay partial tiles Replace fixtures 1 Cl'ean tools and "I1 1--1U dean `"I1 T d=ebri=s ..Jil. T., ,, U.J Xi' ===== PHOTO Figure 10 Figure 11 Figure 12 Boelter & Yates, Inc. NOTES The first step in the installation of tile is the troweling of adhesive (Armstrong S-750 Premium Floor Tile Adhesive). Once the adhesive has been applied, it is allowed to "tack up" (Figure 10). The length of time this takes varies on conditions such as temperature and humidity. Since no other activities can be performed in the room while the adhesive is tacking up, a professional installer tries to time this period to coincide with a break or lunch. Figure 10 - Adhesive "tacking up". When the adhesive is ready, the installation of whole tiles begins off of the existing line of tiles. Figure 12 - Completed partial installation. Figure 11 - Laying whole tiles. Tile cutter is near his feet. After the whole tiles have been laid, measurements and cuts would be made to finish the installation. Straight cuts were made using a vintage tile cutter shown in Figure 11. Cuts around the waste line were made with a utility knife. Figure 12 shows the mosaic of tile patterns which resulted from completion of the partial installation task. Partial Installation -1970 Vintage Congoleum VAT - Residential Bathroom June 25, 2002 Page 10 Sampling Results Purina Test Results of 8-hrTime Weighted Average ITWAI Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) sampling is shown in the following table: STATISTICAL FUNCTION 5/22/01 . PCM Total f/cc fay NIOSH 7400 - Personal Samples Average Room Air 5/22/01 - TEM Asbestos f/cc by NIOSH 7402 Personal Samples - - Average Room Air- Boelter & Yates, Inc. NOTES MAXIMUM AVERAGE MINIMUM STAND. DEV. COUNT 0.015 0.015 0.015 0.000 2 0.024 0.018 0.010 0.004 8 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 28 All sample results indicate that while there were some total fiber concentrations as detected by PCM NIOSH 7400, there were no asbestos fibers detected when the samples were analyzed by TEM NIOSH 7402. Clearly, the results are well below the current OSHA 8-hr Time Weighted Average (TWA) Permissible Exposure Limit of 0.1 flee. The Appendix A spreadsheets summarized in the above tables are also depicted graphically in the Appendix A. Partial Installation -1970 Vintage Congoleum VAT - Residential Bathroom June 25,2002 Page 11 CONCLUSIONS An approximately 25 square foot area was identified for repair and installation in the bathroom of an actual residence while testing for the fiber release from 1970's vintage Congoleum Corporation vinyl asbestos tile (VAT). The entire installation process was demonstrated including preparing the surface, troweling the adhesive, as well as cutting and laying the tile. Eight (8) room air samples and two (2) long term personal samples were collected during the process during each test. The process as tested took slightly less than 3 hours to perform. Boeiter & Yates, inc. notes ? All sample results show the total airborne concentrations of total fibers to be well below the current OSHA 8-hrTime Weighted Average (TWA) Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) of 0.1 f/cc. Furthermore, all samples showed zero (0) asbestos fibers when analyzed by definitive analytical techniques. Respectfully submitted, BOELTER & YATES, INC. Frederick W. Boeiter, CIH, PE Reviewed by, Enclosures ] ] ] ] 1 J 1 J J 1 J 1 j ] APPENDIX A ! Compilation Spreadsheets and Graphs ,, NIOSH 7400 and NIOSH 7402 TESTING RESULTS 9 ooocoooo 06000 d 66oo" L oooeoooo oo r en^ooNN^ e oooooooo oodddddo n ill ii- la.l n 0 sliissil ooodoeldd m *> ao oo' o-g| ill W (M so so' ONNNNNMNOOCOCI 1111" 00000 o o "o gogo 00600 00000 NNNOQN 5o 56 368o8o UJ UJ it NNNNNNNNOONNNN ooooooocdoob e uiuiu!iuiu)uiuiii) 55555555 Z828SSSSSSSS55 rTTr-T-y-*4> as as Si pb ^ 5A : g g< 53c 2 co rt tb A < a NNN88NN 8NN 8NM1NN n c*c 8 I (V PC 1I P8C 8PC as 22ZZSSSS 22 2& 2* u; -- 3 IfslSIiilIf c e e c c :5!5C 5C CJC"!I !S!"! '6e<WS`Sa'S*S7'Ce I1IISII1SIS11S 0-aG-Q.CLQ.CLaQ.O.Q.Q.aa nneinnnnnnrtnnnn s*sssss8sisss 555"u Piili sis5>o l/MOd Aq (oo/* |B*oi) uo!*bj*U0OUOO C ongoleum Test #3 ~ Partial Install - Bathroom Random Area - 8hr TWA IBB Personal 8-hr TWA I/\I31 Aq (oo/j soisaqse) uojiejiueouoQ o O OO O C ongoleum Test #3 ~ Partial Install Bathroom Test #3 Partial Install - Bath- r i L o 111 CL h>> >. JD I 00 lo c o CD CL O LU CL H* >s .Q CO CO CD CD EE oo O T3 cC CO co CC IT L. 1. APPENDIX B Compilation Spreadsheets and Graphs PRE-TEST BACKGROUND RESULTS and DURING-TEST OUTDOOR AREA RESULTS in hZ " tit : } ! NNNNN E E fill! 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RJ Lee G roup Job No: AOH205582 C lie n t J o b No: 1941 A-7237 <N oWh Ct & (L, a. From: Optical 724-733 1799 To: Matthew F Meyer Date: 5/23/02 Time: 4:22:18 PM Pige4C4 odtcr fc Yates AH SAMHEAKALYStS DATA/CKAi IlOFCUSTOOYKE&t L <L M 1 S- MUECTHjbY: rmu.Tffku PROJECTHQ4 Mlt-ltA1] lUuUitLYYTZBtnt ty- ' ' '" YURNASOUNDTaC: (HR 12HR MHR tMVUDNO. ft-of -> rf-bZ. -?*-* * g, - Him KOmKMCMR UNO.Of location WE 33RTOflp. nmwzimyvir* ACTIVITY iimrnsr.nmnvm 'Emznssmimv. *L JzMuk~o*~ Pane ) of J_ CMATOt nw ' MMCM* latte MM tteeate* CMtteeMM C<tteewM , M(MM* MM WWlMM* 1; wimM Im0SmiMW TW^f '5~>f-0 ^ >*-<7 VA-oft %! ~WT Hz Ml 141-7 il% IMt?t>f1i n% 1% 147,i r>5 tpiit. ilfr lit nv z* 1.0 1,0 2-0 7-4) itf?. 7W<0 ?rft WVf?t7-l J12L MM nt --M 2.0 ni~o ft? ?57 . whi-k.. ~~~ Mad *Mfel t ^ k|MM . Cfctt* M>aT CUi^if4^C Mr hMM M MM Ml II MMMl Ct MMMIMeM MMIl n MM ee mmm i mm mm tauMn i IimMitMaMiMiMlitMNe--tMaa.lelgMMMehM.M..i.|a|M~M|iVMttMt |r ikNhM MNDMM CMililMil<.WtMHI.M:tt.B.ic. 3sMm OMte. IlnWeiMnrk. MMIr-^ OMM OmflVK. rtd9*E&ew zo/ez/sano *m i *WK i &oa^SL-KL lodo auojj i-rom: Optical /Z4-/33-1/33 lo: Matthawf Maytf Date 5/23/02 Timr. 33346 PM Pag* 3d 3 RJ LeeGroup, Inc. 350 Hochberg Road Monroeville, PA 15146 Tel: (724)325-1776 Fax: (724)733-1799 The Materials Characterization Specialists May 31,2002 Mr. Fred W. Boelter Boelter & Yates, Inc. 1300 Higgins Road Suite 301 Park Ridge, IL 60068-5772 RE: TEM Asbestos Results for Samples as Shown on the Test Report RJ Lee Group, Inc. Job No.: ATH205290 Client Purchase Order No.: 1941A-7237 Dear Mr. Boelter: Enclosed are the results from the transmission electron microscopy (TEM) asbestos analysis of the above referenced samples using the counting rules established by the NIOSH Method 7402, Issue #2, 8/15/94. Hie samples and volume information were provided by Boelter & Yates, Inc. personnel. The analysis for asbestos fibers consisted of fiber morphology, visual selected area electron diffraction (SAED) and elemental chemical analysis by energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), supplemented by the measurement and interpretation of micrographs of several selected area electron diffraction patterns (SAED). The samples were analyzed at a magnification of 1000X. Particles meeting die definition of a fiber > 5pm in length, > 0.25pm in diameter and having a length to width aspect ratio 2:3:1 were classified as chrysotile or amphibole. The electron microscopes used for the analysis were a JEOL 2000 FX and 1200 EX equipped with Gresham PEDX system. The Test Report lists each sample identification number, filter area, volume, area analyzed, asbestos fiber counts (fs), analytical sensitivity, concentration of asbestos in fibers per cubic centimeters (f/cc), Total Fibers (Fs), and Fiber Ratio (fs/Fs). RJ Lee Group, Inc. is accredited by the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) for selected test methods for airborne asbestos fiber analysis (TEM), asbestos fiber analysis (PLM), New York State Department of Health Environmental Laboratory Approval Program (ELAP), and by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA). This test report only relates to the items tested. NVLAP accreditation does not imply endorsement by NVLAP or any agency of die U.S. Government The report shall not be reproduced except in full. Monroeville, PA San Leandro, CA Washington, DC Pasco, WA www.rilg.com Mr. Boelter Page 2 ATH205290 May 31,2002 These results are submitted pursuant to RJ Lee Group's current terms and conditions of sale, including the company's standard warranty and limitation of liability provisions and no responsibility or liability is assumed for the manner in which die results are used or interpreted. Unless notified in writing to return the samples covered by this report, RJ Lee Group will store the samples for a period of thirty (30) days before discarding. A shipping and handling fee will be assessed for the return of any samples. If you have any questions, feel free to call me. Very truly yours. Manager - TEM Analysis KAA/slb Enclosures  M <>ca> in N XOT' m N O CO in CS CS CS So >Qn 5m " o Sin2 CS cOo in N (S *c--o< <--o' in vo n CO m Cmi cs o m o\ <5n3 o J ft .foe 4w2 o oo oo o o o o oo do o in o o in o o o o o m in O O in ocs ~^ -< oo d ^ d d *n co ~ o vi * 0C*-O* 0*CO *0co *0CO C*0*--O1 *0CO *C*0O* *0CO 00O0O0O0 d V d V d V d V d V d V d V d V 1 TTT*Hff Tf 0o d V ov *Oco V oCO oco coo 0CO 0CO 0CO 0co ooo0000 ododddd 1 ** ^r 1 00 dd ' C0O ' d o o o ooo oo o o o o o o o d d ood oo o o d o d d 0 00 0 0 00 00 0 00 0 0 o ddddddddddddddo pt***C00t*O0- 00 CO 2O5 CO 000 CO 0C0rO0- 000 CO 00 0cro- 00 0fC-O 00 c0ro- 00 0 CO 0C0t^O0 00 0 CO C0r0*O0* 00 C0r*O 0o0 dddddddddddddd ss888888 s 15 sd00 0d0 d00 0d0 0d0 d00 d00 0d0 cs 8 8 g 5 tc*s- cs r*- m m 00 CO m0CO0 0mco0 vC0nO0 v0cno0 v0n0 co vc0no0 i0CnO0 0CnO0 0mC0O i0Cn0O v0Cn0O iC0nO0 i0CnO0 m0C0O 2 ) s sc *H, 1? Qc g <: 1: ?U * < < cs CS cs <: CS < cs 00 cs 3 a. S 9S ll 2* ai gsssssssBfessefefe gg2kP2PP2fr2s^ 2ft2t^r_2-K-2F0rf*10-**Sotrr**\. ko0^0 rn00si0ks0 pt0r0i s^0p0 0000000o0--0-0-0 --O^o i. i uVoi V*3 a r i L. <u CJ g g g CJ C! C! CJcs o o CN o o o o o o 04 o Co a o CO V) CO VO CO in CO In C m CO V) evo Svo2 CO In vC**oO* CO in wo C wo o o o o o o o o o o O o oo JO w fo-O wovowoqqwovovo o o vo vi o ooinH^oo')M'f<i cs <* co c4 o 3 ^ (S ^ w-H H HO c/5 oe o O iScs 8 On On On On cn cs cn cs ** On CS On CS ocs\ 8 88 8 88 8 ooooooo VVVVVVV CO CO 88 ?$ sOn On On On On On On o <N O O N 8 oo o oOo CO CO 88 oo o o o oo ooooo o o d d do o dd d oooooooo oodood oo Or** CO 00 orCO- 00 o rC*O 00 o CO 0oCr*O0* 00 Cr*O* 0r0CO 00 rC*O* 00 rC^O 00 cCO oo r** CO o o o o oo 8 8 8 8 g 1 1 8 o -g 1 CwSo cw>oi cw4o cW4O cVOs *2 5 vo CO vCoO CO CO CO CO CO CO co wo oo CO VO oo CO wo 00 CO wo 00 CO wo 00 CO wo 00 CO wo oo CO VO 00 CO wo 00 CO wo 00 CO WO 00 CO o E 6 E<S Su 11 a to a. IsSsssisss I M 1Os 11 ii s i*lhl CO rsl * UrcJfv VrNeC trV*4A rVcoTj rK*r (to<o>i 1 ( mi Q N c CJ\ QcJ /cV c -0 c-i cs> c os 1 1 mi 0 N Q N <s ol CQJ1 a cj Q cj C\J N 1 1 tl tro Jr-i o r >rs _r>- Jr-cJ-i i i 55 001 -prO2 <tA OpQj 30rC= iMC(0~r <CVx I i 1S ca cr oc .cj 2! cJ fj (A fO co fA 1 1 (A ) i rO <5 0 O Z aJ (V t+ to s9 r- <K 1 9 43 % o t 0 1 c l T3 *5 l1 0 <Q ^5 1l1 At c s ** 'fc * 4[ A; 3V *0 CO \ fA (A VVV *0 CO CA *0 V\ CO ro APPENDIX D AHERATEM Laboratory Reports 1 ] '1 J 1 j Al ] ] ] `1 g,-J N "T1t K CO J 32 o O z O~' 8fi >2 -3 O. o SC XZI ] O2 Si 28 1 ,# ;] "i .j f J \ i S' j From: Optical 724.733-1799 To: Matthew F Meyer 1 Date: S/23/02 Time: 500:16 PM Ik ! E E 10 CO 1 i .-J S N CO D Of Of In Of s Of s ** *<r *<r ^ o 922 ~TI J S115 5 ? o js if 3 1 t a 2 o Q 64 C M < . S O V JsjjS. S5 gS3 i C t'- S o n na a M N Cf M Cf oo o' o* oo ooo ?? ?$? 2 22 2 2 o oo o o ? ?? ? ? VHV V 8g8 2 ^M oo c e* S f2 e, a. 6o 6o m to ea m n Oo > ` <5 a&.j a. 8 Si 8 99 3 cS cs * i m o o a 3 1 -1 3 3 b 1 *i 3 * .A ,) 1 1 .1 A ,, jK W. Of#\ AIR lAMftf AHAIYSS DAWCHAM Of CUSTODY IHgJj ,/ <y ,., 5baBTMsftasw age?***1* TURNAROUND TIME 8HR ?2HR 24HR 2HR> W*lEBK0. Ar.Mft- CM4H T-ifeb. 'CW-Tl- WOraUUC/WtSIQ^MUKAXKiC nrT~ TR 1.....-- . P/m R- '-- 7 .... V^ K0wij., rfjr mbwt - ----- / >L PMe^-oi' KMtAlM TOE in iM*boni.* laxmb MftMt (AMMm ttMaarti. U* *UTtMMataft IkM W'fch'l _ *-- -- i*1 WbrfcWi-ff... ** -- w -- Vl */7? talfWWaA COUrfli Aotf . WTEK in m triiMl MLB NMta a OWMI c* mm fc mm m t taahi n mm IT Hfm K ta m mm mtrntmmtm t nmcmmm m tmm tn twaim m Aai t titaoarnBX H <mmj tut taMAk5tav*i mtmm *+m BwTOie^ cltwi. r-xas, imm. UMttE'Mlta^lO|MHAnAAwcI*Hfa*ft<l.W*g>w< A<iiKmHtMnMlhiti<M*<MaMat>kM*flW WMtM'Mta t.lillMAIWc--****AwteWiKt* ' -- a*ia>c_ iMMlr. COM^OTk__ lr,-- J> to! T ` 1 fr AtdRSSAAUMtUEANALYSIS OATA/CHAM Of CUSTroOOoTrsHE% , Bodter t Y^ates OATE:___ 5-UIIz-i6t mOJECTHQ.T.U>rt-W7 COUECTaHBWY:: Jwt: rfiLc ANAIYZEO5 BBYY: / TUBHAA0UNDT1ME 1HA 12HR 14KR qm> Ptot l cf 2. UMKEONO. Z-U>-tGt1-0\ t- 16b- Pi>1 -dt Z.*K6b-tert~d3 l > 16 b * F0,W+ MrawMSKiJiuocuni r xwr" wmnr. BCS1WYKATW -.WE'*2JZmK M > /g fffV }______ I* K5cH-w_...4j*aEM ) f l CjC._________ )+ * ' 9-Z?-<fS QtdkrSvJ ht&M J r1-B-5ALb--F&MI %ftrvr- 1 Put. f-vTtrwA- 5./k& 4y/H -b1 f*r. ostrtoi' 11-- ---- V ["gg? ' '\L^- tapkCh.' Marita <*> Wlh <WNMJMtilt Hi a M fxtUmt i IM nWo->n'-1i1 nMMw uanM tadtataa* mm AMn/gcmii9 wZ*|6V-PH~b1 W61 Wb\ IS7 ntB+ |leo noi m w< pSi, iff Mm )m Izi Bj ft* f T1eh mi. MM nil 1A wnifr WOf MIL IU) m{it jaiL fa W E3E iS ISfc______Ifi__ NOTES: "i tp *fc> U li Z.o 2J> Id tfl z4+ to t? to tb T-Q 2..-0 7+0 t-ft u 0 u Lm_ ** ____A . -i ( Hi mvmj mm. rtUt* mi1 MZ, Z2$?*** fh MrUr /ft ......... - (kltatai Vm MrtaMNMta* m Itanl W MfftaM W MhtaM n M|mM Ml MfliMte K ttata M Mrtat t tatatai IS taita mm Cl OlMM* M Mtai e iMiifmiin t taMM* ai M taM Mfl taWAMMIU 3ta<Mtat . n tan Mt*r IBT6tifcMw4MIW--HilKftfhJitwImtf MfcBlk<tfMpalt tafktWiMAtUMniMWMMkatMmnMHMiL,. *MkCk--fk: Wtk lit.><- J anUKwnouwiQwtMM H RJ LeeGroup, Inc. 350 Hochberg Road Monroeville, PA 15146 Tel: (724)325-1776 3 Fax: (724) 733-1799 The Materials Characterization Specialists May 28,2002 3 Mr. Fred W. Boelter Boelter & Yates, Inc. 1 1300 Higgins Road Suite 301 Park Ridge, TL 60068-5772 3 RE: TEM Asbestos Results for Samples as Shown on the Test Report RJ Lee Group Job No.: ATH205277 4 Client Purchase Order No.: 1941A-7237 .3 Dear Mr. Boelter: 1 I i Enclosed are the results from die transmission electron microscopy (TEM) asbestos analysis of the above referenced samples. The samples and volume information were provided by Boelter & Yates, Inc. personnel. As per your request, counting rules as described by the AHERA Method published in the 1 Federal Register, 40 CFR, Part 763, October 30,1987 were used for die analysis.* The Test Report lists each sample identification number, area analyzed, sample volume, structure counts, analytical sensitivity, and the concentration of asbestos. Copies of the count sheets are presented in Appendix A. Each count sheet contains sample information pertaining to structure identification, dimensions, magnification, filter size and type. f RJ Lee Group, Inc. is accredited by the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) for selected test methods for airborne asbestos fiber analysis (TEM), asbestos fiber analysis (PLM), New 1 York State Department of Health Environmental Laboratory Approval Program (ELAP), and by the J American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA). This test report only relates to the items tested. NVLAP accreditation does not imply endorsement by NVLAP or any agency of the U.S. Government 2 Hie report shall not be reproduced except in full. These results are submitted pursuant to RJ Lee Group's current terms and conditions of sale, including die company's standard warranty and limitation of liability provisions and no responsibility or liability is assumed for the manner in which the results are used or interpreted. Unless notified in writing to return the samples covered by this report, RJ Lee Group will store die samples for a period of thirty (30) days before discarding. A shipping and handling fee will be assessed for the return of any samples. If you have any questions, feel free to call me. 'I J-1 1 Manager-TEM Analysis KAA/slb Enclosures Received 8 samples Monroeville, PA San Leandro, CA Washington, P ftisco, WA Test Report T otal Asbestos S tructure Concentration T E M A H E R A Analysis Project ATH205277 CJ p *S5 CJ VO } 1? ft CN VO C5 vo <N ft CVOJ C! vq CnJ VSOS Ci vo ON C\ oo C\ 00 rf ^ Tf Tf C oa g g g ig oo VV Oco ri vi ri * Nin C\ ^0\ oo ^o\ o^o S g 8 18 o o o do t}; ^ Tt -<fr ft ft ft to in * * ooooo * u g CO o o o *-< o I I I 3 VoO On NoO o On vo On 3o d On 3o o < 2 z t> (O lS 1a I 8 8vCNi 8 voCCNNi 8 vCocoNv 8 CvoC*"NN*i CvoCONi ap a as * V0COO0 CV0OO0 VC0OO0 VC0OO0 C0VOO0 VC0O0O I" 2dSS!CHNm 99999'7'r'r . wcC foi a om U co <s ei on CN 6 o n CN 6 on c! 6 o CN i p o 9cs 6 o 9CN frf ll 3f 2 co vo Ov tt---oov in co ccos crn- Tt Tj* iC>N rC^N avsr^s 2 _rt VrjO- TO *--< q n iV. O obo I-V J1? EE u s 8- 81 05 CO O s wc ,, 9< 9 2e oa FIBER COUNT SHEET B = Bundle C = Cluster M = Matrix Appendix A Client Name Project Number RJL Sample # Client Sample # Boelter & Yates, Inc. ATH205277 0127654HT 2-BGD-TEM-Ol Microscope 2000 FX AcceleratingVolt 120 Kv Magnification Analyst 21000 X JPM EDS Disk Structure Reid Fiber <5 pm 5 pm Type______ Morph 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 NSD NSD NSD NSD NSD NSD NSD RJ LeeGroup , Inc Count Sheet RJL QA Number Grid Openings Total Asbestos Total Non-Asbestos Filter Volume Grid Opening Area Amphibole EDS Photo SAED Type HQ20698 7 0 0 CE 385 mm2 1200.0 Liters 0.0093 mm2 Comment NSD - No Structures Detected Page: 1 of I "1 Client Name n Project Number { RJL Sample # Boelter & Yates, Inc. ATH205277 0127655HT w Client Sample # 2-BGD-TEM-02 Microscope 2000 FX j Accelerating Volt 120 Kv -J Magnification 21000 X Analyst 1 EDS Disk JPM J Structure Field Fiber <5 pm 5 |im Type______ Morph 0 NSD 0 NSD 0 NSD 0 NSD 0 NSD 0 NSD 0 NSD RJ Lee Group , Inc Count Sheet RJL QA Nnmber Grid Openings Total Asbestos Total Non-Asbestos Filter Volume Grid Opening Area Amphibole EDS Photo SAED Type HQ20698 7 0 0 CE 385 mm 2 1220.0 Liters 0.0093 mm ^ Comment `v j j 'J ji j J NSD - No Structures Detected Page: 1 of 1 i J \ Client Name Boelter & Yates, Inc. Project Number ATH205277 RJL Sample # 0127656HT Client Sample # 2-BGD-TEM-03 Microscope 2000 FX ] AcceleratingVolt 120 Kv Magnification 21000 X Analyst JPM EDS Disk Structure Reid Fiber <5 pm S5pm Type Morph 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 NSD NSD NSD NSD NSD NSD NSD RJ LeeGroup , Inc Count Sheet RJL QA Number Grid Openings Total Asbestos Total Non-Asbestos Filter Volume Grid Opening Area Amphibole EDS Photo SAED Type HQ20698 7 0 0 CE 385 mm2 1230.0 Liters 0.0093 mm2 Comment J 1 NSD - No Structures Detected Page: 1 of 1 i Client Name Boelter & Yates, Inc. Project Number ATH205277 RJL Sample # 0127657HT Client Sample # 2-BGD-TEM-04 Microscope 2000 FX Accelerating Volt 120 Kv i Magnification 21000 X Analyst JPM EDS Disk 1 Structure Field Fiber <5 pm 5 pm Type Morph 10 1 .5 20 30 40 1 50 i 60 7l NSD NSD NSD NSD NSD NSD X Chrysotile RJ LeeGroup , Inc Count Sheet RJL QA Number Grid Openings Total Asbestos Total Non-Asbestos Filter Volume Grid Opening Area Amphibole EDS Photo SAED Type X HQ20698 7 1 0 CE 385 mm2 1220.0 Liters 0.0093 mm2 Comment J NSP - No Structures Detected Page: 1 of 1 RJ LeeGroup , Inc Count Sheet Client Name Boeiter & Yates, Inc. Project Number ATH205277 1 RJL Sample # 0127658HT J Client Sample # 2-BGD-TEM-05 Microscope 2000 FX "] AcceleratingVolt 120 Kv Magnification 21000 X Analyst JPM EDS Disk Structure Field Fiber <Snm >5 tim Type Morph 10 i 20 30 40 50 60 70 NSD NSD NSD NSD NSD NSD NSD RJL QA Number Grid Openings Total Asbestos Total Non-Asbestos Filter Volume Grid Opening Area Amphibole EDS Photo SAED Type_______ HQ20698 7 0 0 CE 385 mm2 1230.0 Liters 0.0093 mm2 Comment J i i j NSD - No Structures Detected Page: 1 of 1 * H Boelter & Yates, Inc. N0 APPENDIX D Certifications tum^jrv v ,------------------------------ ] "l ! 11 I J } United States Department o f Commerce National Institute o f Standards end Technology NVLAP Lab Code: 101208-0 <S_S__3c3JSo 8 c Jej m a a- s t?;3*5 1*1 O 81? a a sa 5 |lffg 8 l mm* >* cfiT p g fi O Is aS 5 & CO 8 a; *o CO 2 Vi % JgSS I2| JS VS c a* c ^s s ,,* iSQj ;** * .30 S <N $3 Sn I*.. K 8 lla? tggj f.go 2 oo & otn i ts e3 o otu g2 ^ 5*0 3 So ow S22 % ,i State of Illinois A ass7b Department of Public Health (fuCENSE, PERMIT, CERTIFICATION, REGISTRATION^) The penon. fim or corporation whose name appear* on this certificate tat compaed with the an*provisions o< the *ire*s Staiutat and/or rules and legulitiona and is hereby authorized to gage n the activity as indicated below. JOHN R. LUMPKIN, M.D. Issued under the authority of nTOPPTYW UiiUiLri.UK The ***** * Snoi* Department of Pubfc Health wm-- OT 4ATTHEW MEYER INSPECTOR MANAGEMENT PLANNER PROJECT MANAGER AIR SAMPLING PROFESSIONAL BUSINESS ADDRESS ALTERING THIS CERTIFICATE MAY RESUIT IN LEGAL ACTION MATTHEW MEYER 620 S STONE AVENUE LAGRANGE IL 60525 THIS LICENSE IS NOT VALID IF YOUR IDPH REFRESHER COURSE CERTIFICATE IS NOT CURRENT MMfeyMtottyottaSMee(Kn6k*i/91* Hi^il'Jll^*1P)iWltilWJWJIiBtBiTOniroiaiwwiniiiiiiamii>iiiiimaiiiiiiiii|iijiuiuiiiii|ii|uititi|iBi|miBi; State of Illinois AfiSBYL Department of Public Health ____ ^nar.k-TKM. RrEeGgISiTsRtYration itTMC^g MATTHEW INSPECTOR ^^^management planni project manager AIR SAMPLING PROFESSION! l Occupational Training & Supply, Inc. 12601 S. Springfield Alslp, IL 60803 * 708/385-1325 .co IS f s .<5 CD NoOs Q S 0 CD c I 1o CO *co: CD ICtSD s <C0D q: & I.c .g| CD CD Isi o CwDo CD l 3 <o CQ 42 5 cd CO o & CD CO CQD CO & g 8 ft c -8 &|*3 o c tiSt* CD S 5 a? "SQ Cp 2 &*CD !' 6 .g CD .5 81 CQt3 <2 CD Q."D g CD 8 CD *'cSB oint O o' 1% : *3 Icd SC*^ f ^ to b- i *K 85 C(OO CD C Q tj CD .0 fi o uj c G co T3 c: CD CO M P CO i I ICD e #*5 O <D ft CD CD -Q Js <o q> ^ on 00 mo v- Ov-). MQO- O CM CMboC0M3 2 91 s2 Kco I2 (3 s s fi CD O ti ttfrt-OlW-OOl y Boelter & Yates, inc -Photo 1- - v.hvhWt. Amtico VAT - AVS 602 *|g:Dot Pattern, 1964 Sample #MFM-0698-001 ^mt-ooz *f- 6458 -Photo 2Amtico - Non-Asbestos Solid Vinyl Flooring, 1967 Sample #MFM-0698-002 Boelter & Yates, me -Photo 3Amtico VAT-AVC 103 Metallic Series, Sparkling Pearl 1967 Sample #MFM-0698-003 -Photo 4Congoleum Aztec - VA-412 Vinyl Asbestos Tile 1970-1971 Sample #MFM-0698-004 Boelter & Yates, me -Photo 5Congoleum Naim - VA827 Vinyl Asbestos Tile 1967-1969 MFM-0698-005 I'CMg a )* | Boelter & Yates, me -Photo 7Congoleum Ventura VA-491 Vinylbest Tile - 1972 Sample #MFM-0698-007 -Photo 8Amtico - AVS 602 Dot Pattern - 1964 Sample #MFM-0698-007 Boelter & Yates, tnc -Photo 9Kentile - Stock Number Not Provided Vinyl Asbestos Tile Year Not Provided | Sample #MFM-0698-009 798\EXPERT-W\1941538S.PHO Boelter & Yates environmental engineers and scientists pwvttBCH) Aro.compgmAL ATTORH6Y WORK PRODUCT ASBESTOS CONTENT OF FLOOR TILES CONGOLEUM LITIGATION RELATED Boelter & Yates, Inc. 1300 Higgins Road Suite 301 Park Ridge, Illinois 60068-5772 847/ 692-4700 Fax 847/ 692-3127 Prepared for: Segal, McCambridge, Singer & Mahoney Prepared by: Fred W. Boelter, CIH, PE July 17, 1998 Project #1941A-5385 '1 PBMUSED AMD C0NRPEHT1AL ATTORWEY WORK PRODUCT 1. i TABLE OF CONTENTS j EXECUTIVE SUMMARY................................ t Objectives.......................................... j Background ........................................ Sample Results ................................ '{ METHODOLOGY .......................................... Bulk Sample Preparation . ............. Laboratory Preparation of Samples ^ Asbestos Analysis by PLM............. Asbestos Analysis by XRD............. Confidence Intervals........................ j Laboratory Accreditation................. t DISCUSSION OF FINDINGS........................ Bulk Samples..................................... ! Laboratory Analytical Results . ... CONCLUSIONS EAG ... 1 .1 ,.. 1 ______ Boelter & Yates, Inc. NOTES 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 4 4 5 6 APPENDIX A - Laboratory Report APPENDIX B - Sample Handling and Chain of Custody Documentation APPENDIX C - Photographs APPENDIX D - Certifications i J ASBESTOS CONTENT OF FLOOR TILES CONGOLEUM LITIGATION RELATED EXECUTIVE SUMMARY WavaEGEP AND COHflDBfTWL ATTPfflEr.WOflKJBOMtfT Qbiactiyes The purpose of the study was to determine, with a 95% degree of confidence, the percentage of asbestos content in a selection of nine (9) older floor tiles. -4 H Boelter & Yates, Inc. NO Background The study was performed using intact floor tiles which were provided to the author. The study was conducted from June 4, 1998 through July 2, 1998. This report presents the results of the study described herein. Sample-Results All floor ti|e samples were analyzed for asbestos with results reported at the >95% confidence level- Four (4) tiles did not have any asbestos, two (2) tiles had less than one percent (<1%) asbestos, and three (3) tiles had greater than one percent (>1%) asbestos. Sample results are presented in the accompanying tables. 1' J Asbestos. Content of Floor Tiles Congoleum Litigation Related . Project #1941A-5385 J Page 2 wwtcaH) Atm compamt attoiwevwork wopucr METHODOLOGY *H Bulk Sample Preparation Boelter & Yates, fnc. j Floor tile samples were received from Mr. William Mahoney of Segal, McCambridge, Singer N O & Mahoney via Federal Express.1 Some of the floor tiles were noted to have broken or * cracked in transit. As received, the tiles were identified by manufacturer on the reverse side. The floor tiles -- were scored and split in half. One half was retained and one half was logged for shipment j to the laboratory. Notes prepared by Mr. Matt Meyer of Boelter & Yates are presented in Appendix B. i The samples were sealed, labeled and shipped via UPS Overnight2 to the laboratory for ~ analysis. | Laboratory Preparation of Samples The tiles were prepared by the Chatfield method. Approximately one (1) gram of each sample was used for preparation. Samples were first ashed at 550C and digested in 0.5N hydrochloric acid. The residue was then suspended in methanol and re-deposited onto a 47mm 0.4 micrometer fam) pore size polycarbonate filter. A portion of the filter with residue was then analyzed by various methods. Asbestos Analysis bv PLM A portion of the residue was analyzed by polarized light microscopy (PLM) per EPA/600/R93/116 point count method. The results of these analyses are presented in Table 1 in Appendix B. Asbestos Analysis by XRD The PLM analysis indicated the presence of carbonates and required further acid digestion ! for the X-Ray Diffraction (XRD) analyses. A portion of the residue analyzed by PLM was re-digested and re-deposited onto another polycarbonate filter. A modified NIOSH 9000 method was used for XRD analysis. Approximately 3 milligrams of this residue was then suspended in methanol and deposited onto a 0.45^m pore size silver membranes for XRD analysis. The silver membranes were then analyzed using a Philips XRD unit, equipped with graphite monochromatized copper radiation. The chrysotile diffraction peaks at 12.08 and 24.38 degrees two beta were used for quantitative analysis. The diffraction peak intensities were then compared to NBS 1866 Standard Reference Chrysotile specimens prepared on silver membranes and corrected for matrix absorption by examining the 38.12 degree silver diffraction peak. Standards were prepared with loadings of 20, 30, 50, 100, 200, and 500 micrograms fag) of NBS 1866 chrysotile. Tracking Number 804008703912; Shipped on 5/27/98. Tracking Number 1Z17W6120140217794; Shipped on 6/4/98 .] ~J Asbestos Content of Floor Tiles Congoleum Litigation Related J0 Project #1941A-5385 Page 3 mnnuaa and cowHpgmAL ATTORNEY WORK PRODUCT 1 Confidence Intervals H To achieve a 95% confidence level, three to six specimens were prepared of each sample and analyzed as above. Initially, three (3) specimens from each sample were prepared and Boelter & Yates, Inc. | analyzed by X-ray diffraction. Upper and lower 95%- confidence levels- were then N O calculated using the following formula: J . \1 where, X z---fn j Jin - number of values "! z = 'T test coefficient o = standard deviation x = mean value Further analyses were deemed necessary for two samples: MFM-0698-002 and MFM 0698:004. Thus, three more specimens were prepared and analyzed for each of these samples. A 95% confidence level was then re-calculated for each re-analyzed sample. The results are presented in the Discussion Section of this report. Laboratory results sheets are attached in Appendix A. Laboratory Accreditation The samples were shipped to R. J. Lee Group, Inc. who performed the analyses in their | Monroeville, Pennsylvania laboratory. R. J. Lee is accredited for TEM analysis by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) under the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) as Lab #101208. R. J. Lee is also accredited | for PCM analysis by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA) as Lab #8204. ] Asbestos Content of Floor Tiles Congoleum Litigation Related . Project #1941A-5385 Page 4 WMLEOB>AWDCQHHPBnVU. ^TTOBHEV WOffi PRODUCT PISCUSSI.QM QF-FJND1N.GS Bulk Samples ___ _ Boelter & Yates, Inc. 4H I Nine (9) floor tiles were provided to Boelter & Yates, Inc. for analysis to determine N o asbestos content. Information concerning the floor tile manufacturer, stock number, year of manufacture, and a description was provided on a label on the back side of each floor tile. This information was not provided to the laboratory. The floor tile descriptions and - the samples submitted for analysis are shown in the following table: - ' s&r., 9mmWgmSM Amtico VAT 1964 AVS 602 9x9x1/16 Amtico 1967 NonAsbestos 9x9x1/16 Amtico VAT 1967 AVC 103 9x9x1/16 Congoleum Aztec Congoleum Nairn 1970-1971 VA-412 1967-1969 VA-827 12x12 12x12 Amtico 1967 NonAsbestos 9x9x1/16 Congoleum Ventura Amtico 1972 1964 VA-491 12x12 AVS 602 9x9x1/16 Kentile not provided not provided 12x12 ..;.. y <;: /- iiSSiSfr .... 4aa^as^ sNonber4*.s: |M:Subaiitfal.: Dot Pattern VAT Off white w/ MFM-0698light & dark 001 brown spots Solid vinyl flooring Off white w/ MFM-0698yellow, pink 002 &blue streaks Metallic Series, Sparkling Pearl Off white w/ MFM-0698gold & silver 003 sparkles Vinyl Orange w/ MFM-0698- asbestos tile star pattern 004 Vinyl asbestos tile Grey w/ white splotches & rectangle pattern MFM-0698005 Solid vinyl flooring Off white w/ MFM-0698*". yellow, pink 006 &blue streaks Vinylbest Tile White & gold MFM-0698w/ hexagonal 007 pattern Dot Pattern Off-white w/ MFM-0698light & dark 008 brown spots Vinyl Grey mottled MFM-0698- asbestos tile pattern 009 ,] J . Asbestos Content of Floor Tiles Congoleum Litigation Related p. Project #1941A-5385 .3 Page 5 :~j Laboratory Analytical Results WWIEOED AND COfffTOVnAL ATTOWEV WORK PBODUCT The floor tiles submitted and the results of laboratory analysis are shown in the following table: Boelter & Yates, Inc. NOT ES <Hioto 1 2 3 4 S 6 7 8 9 - Mvan'uf.-as\cwtu' rerf,c 'l ; ^ Amtico VAT Veer description on % ' S-1T4M * sw >y < * * ' 1964 Vinyl asbestos tile $S I$amptjKMtiber.^ 1 .- 001 Yes Amtico 1967 Non-Asbestos 002 No Amtico VAT 1967 Vinyl asbestos tile 003 No Congoleum Aztec 19701971 Vinyl asbestos tile 004 No Congoleum Naim 19671969 Vinyl asbestos tile 005 No Amtico 1967 Non-Asbestos 006 No Congoleum Ventura 1972 Vmylbest tile 007 No Amtico 1964 Vinyl asbestos tile 008 Yes Kentile not Vinyl asbestos provided tile 009 Yes 1.8 0.0 0.4 0.02 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.7 4.0 The laboratory report is provided in Appendix A. Photographs of each sample are provided in Appendix C. J . Asbestos Content of Floor Tiles Congoleum Litigation Related p, Project #1941A-5385 ilJ Page 6 HPVnLECEP AWO COfffpgfTWATTOWNEY WORK PRODUCT CQMCLUSlflMS ~~ Nine floor tile samples were analyzed for bulk asbestos content by an accredited ^ laboratory using USEPA recognized methods and procedures. In order to obtain a 95% BocIter & Yates, Inc. | degree of confidence in the analytical results, each sample was analyzed by the laboratory N O three to six times. Results of analysis identified the following: 4 H zj j No asbestos was detected in four of the floor tile samples. One of these non asbestos tiles was identified by the manufacturer as "vinyl asbestos tile" and one of the tiles was identified as "vinylbest tile." The remaining two non asbestos tiles were labeled as non-asbestos. i y A small percentage (<1%) of asbestos was detected in two of the floor tile samples. Both of these types of tile were identified by the manufacturer as vinyl asbestos tile. 1 Greater than 1 % asbestos was detected in the remaining three samples. These tiles were identified by the manufacturer as vinyl asbestos tile. Respectfully submitted, Frederick W. Boelter, CIH, PE Reviewed by, Gary N. Crawford, CIH Enclosures EXPERT-WU 841634511841S385.VAT 1I \ \- h Boelter & Yates, Lnc. N0 APPENDIX A Laboratory Report RJ LeeGroup, Inc. 350 Hochberg Road Monroeville, PA 15146 Tel: (724)325-1776 Fax: (724) 733-1799 The Materials Characterization Specialists July 7,1998 Mr. Fred W. Boelter Boelter & Yates, Inc. 1300 Higgins Road, Suite 301 Park Ridge, EL 60068-5772 RJ Lee Group Project ATH806333 Mr. Boelter, Nine floor tile samples were sent to the RJ Lee Group, Inc. on June 8, 1998 for determination of asbestos content by Boelter & Yates, Inc. lire samples were analyzed by polarized light microscopy (PLM) and by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and the results are presented herein. The tiles were prepared per the Chatfield method. Approximately one gram of each sample was used for preparation. Samples were first ashed at 550 C and digested in 0.5N hydrochloric acid. The residue was then suspended in methanol and re-deposited onto a 47 mm 0.4 micrometer (pm) pore size, polycarbonate filter. A portion of the residue was then analyzed by PLM per the EPA/600/R-93/116 point count method. The results of these analyses are presented in Table 1. The PLM analysis indicated the presence of carbonates and required further acid digestion for the XRD analyses. Thus, a portion of die residue analyzed by PLM was re-digested and re-deposited on to another polycarbonate filter. A modified NIOSH 9000 method was used for XRD analysis. Approximately 3 milligrams of this residue was then suspended in methanol and deposited on to 0.45 pm silver membranes for XRD analysis. The silver membranes were then analyzed using a Philips XRD unit, equipped with graphite monochromatized copper radiation. The chrysotile diffraction peaks at 12.08 and 24.38 degrees two theta were used for quantitative analysis. The diffraction peak intensities were then compared to NBS 1866 Standard Reference Chrysotile specimens prepared on silver membranes and corrected for matrix absorption by examining the 38.12 degree silver diffraction peak. Standards were prepared with loadings of 20,30,50,100,200, and 500. micrograms (pg) of NBS 1866 chrysotile. To achieve a 95 % confidence level, three to six specimens were prepared of each sample and analyzed as above. The results are presented in Tables 2 and 3. Sincerely, Technical Manager X-ray Diffraction Enclosures Monroeville, PA San Leandro, CA Washington, DC Houston, TX Richland, WA www.tjlg.ootn RJ Lee Group, Inc. _____________________ 350 Hochberg Road Monroeville, PA 15146 Tel: (724)325-1776 Fax: (724) 733-1799 July 7,1998 The Materials Characterization Specialists Boelter & Yates, Inc. 1300 Higgins Road Suite 301 Park Ridge, IL 60068-5772 Attn: Mr. Fred W. Boelter RE: PLM Point-Count Analysis Job: ATH806333 Customer Purchase Order Number. Fred Boelter Dear Mr. Boelter As per your request, the samples were point-counted by polarized light microscopy (PLM). The samples woe low-temperature-asbed, treated with .5N hydrochloric acid to remove any carbonates, and were ground in a mortar and pestle. Eight mounts were made from the ground material and point-counted by the EPA/600/R-93/116 methodology, which calls for a total of400 points (50 per slide) on material. A cross-hair reticle and mechanical stage were used for counting. Stops were made at l-millimeter (mm) intervals in both the x and y directions which superimposed a grid of points on 1-nun squares on the mounts. This eliminated any bias in the counting and provides a systematic selection of points. The results are as follows: Client# RJ Lee Group # Table 1 Weight Loss. % % Chrysotile 1 90677HT 775 1.8 2 90678HT 87.2 0.0 3 90679HT 833 0.4 4 90680HT 913 0.02 5 90681HT 873 0.0 6 90682HT 82.9 0.0 7 90683HT 95.9 0.0 8 90684HT 522 4.7 9 90685HT 52.8 4.0 RJ Lee Group, Inc. is accredited by the National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) for selected test methods for airborne asbestos fiber analysis (TEM) and asbestos fiber analysis (PLM). RJ Lee Group's Monroeville laboratory is accredited by the American Industrial Hygiene Association for asbestos, silica and metals. These results are submitted pursuant to RJ Lee Group's current terms and conditions of sale, including the company's standard warranty and limitation of liability provisions and no responsibility or liability is assumed for the manner in which the results are used or interpreted. Unless notified in writing to return the samples covered by this report, RJ Lee Group will store the samples for a period of ninety (90) days before discarding. A shipping and handling fee will be assessed for the return of any samples. If you have any questions on this report or if we can be of further assistance, please feel free to call me. Sincerely, William H. Powers Manager, Bulk Materials Analysis WHP/bg Monroeville, PA San Leandro, CA Washington, DC Houston, TX Richland, WA www.tjlg.com .1 fM RJ LeeGroup, Inc. LABORATORY REPORT Table 2 | 1 SSOHocbbexgKotd Monroevilk,PA15146 Fsx72W3S-17M Boelter k Yates, Inc. 1300 Higgins Road Park Ridge, IL 600682772 Attn: Mr. FredW. Boelter Phone:(800)692-3127 n :J ANALYSIS: n METHODS: Chry^oiSe in FloorTQe X-Ray Diffraction, NIOSH 9000 j Masses of Quysotile Weight for each Diffraction Peak Sample Identification Client LD. RT Lee Group of Deposit fmg/filter) (mg/fiher) 121* 24.4' MFM-0638-001 MFM-0698-001 MFM-0698-001 MFM-0698-002 MFM-0698-002 MFM-0698-002 MFM-0698-002 MFM-0698-002 MFM-0698-002 MFM-0698-003 MFM-0698-003 MFM-0698-003 MFMO696O04 MFMOG98O04 MFM-0698-004 MFMO698O04 MFMO698O04 MFM-0698-004 90677 HT 90677 HT 90677 HT 90678 HT 90676 HT 90676 HT 90678 HT 90678 HT 90678 HT 90679 HT 90679 HT 90679 HT 90680 HT 90680 HT 90680 HT 90680 HT 90680 HT 90680 HT 3.15 2.85 2.96 3.30 3.42 3.44 3.24 3.61 3.56 2.95 2.93 2.83 2.94 2.82 3.00 1.84 2.05 2.42 0.824 0.814 0.783 0.006 0.002 0.000 0.000 0.009 0.017 1.001 0.661 0.816 0.364 0224 0.352 0222 0298 0241 0.895 0223 0.851 0.006 0.002 0.000 0.003 0.009 0.005 0.856 0.616 0.700 0252 0225 0217 0247 0249 0229 REPORT DATE: SAMPLES RECEIVED: RJ LEE GROUP JOB NO; July 7,1998 June 8,1998 ATH806333 Weight Percent of Quysotile for each Diffraction Peak 12.1* 244' Ave Weight Percent Percent Quysotile Weight Loss in Bulk 262 282 26.4 02 0.1 0.0 0.0 02 0.5 33.9 22.6 28.8 12.4 11.5 11.7 12.1 14.5 14.1 28.4 28.6 28.7 02 0.1 0.0 0.1 02 02 29.0 21.0 24.7 11.9 11.5 10.5 13.4 122 13.6 27.3 28.7 27.6 02 0.1 0.0 0.0 02 0.3 31.6 21.8 26.8 12.1 11.5 11.1 12.8 13.3 13.8 87.4 87.4 87.4 89.3 89.3 89.3 89.3 69.3 89.3 84.4 84.4 84.4 93.8 93.8 93.8 93.8 63.8 932 3.45 3.63 3.48 0.02 0.01 0.00 0.00 0.03 0.03 4.92 3.41 4.19 0:91 0.86 0.84 0.96 1.00 1.04 I m. m> lkj33 Stephen A. Br Senior Scientist, X-ray Diffraction Date The results are submitted pursuant to RJ Lee Group's current terms end conditions of sale, including the company's standard warranty and limitation ofliability provisions. No responsibility or liability is assumed for the manner in which the results are used or inteipreted. Unless notified in writing to return the samples covered by this report, RJ Lee Group will store the samples for a period of thirty (30) days before discarding. A shipping and handling fee will be assessed for the return of any samples. A1HA Accreditation Certificate Number 460, Monroeville, PA Moreoevfllt, PA *Sn Leandro, CA'VVuhlngtorv DC`Houston TX n i RJ LeeGroup, Inc. Boelter te Yates, Inc. _ 1S00 Higgins Road i Park Ridge, IL 60068-5772 Attn: Mr. PredW. Boelter Phone: (800) 692-5127 LABORATORY REPORT Table 3 3$0 HocfcbctgKoad Monroeville, PA15146 Voice72^525-177* hx72V735-17 REPORT DATE July 7,1998 SAMPLES RECEIVED; June 8,1998 RJ LEE GROUP JOB NO.: ATH806333 ANALYSIS: "j METHODS: Chrysotik in Floor Tile X-Ray Diffraction, NIOSH 9000 'i Sample Identification Client LD. RJ Lee Group MFM-0698-005 MFM-0698-005 MFM-0698-005 MFM-0698-006 MFM-0698-006 MFM-0698-006 MFM-0698-007 MFM-0698-007 MFM-0698-007 MFM-069&-008 MFM-0698-006 MFM-0698-008 MFM-0698-009 MFM-0698-009 MFM-0698-009 90681 HT 90681 HT 90681 HT 90682 HT 90682 HT 90682 HT 90683 HT 90683 HT 90683 HT 90684 HT 90664 HT 90664 HT 90685 HT 90685 HT 90685 HT Mine* ofQnyaotik Weight far each Diffraction Peak of Deposit (m*/filter) (mg/filter) m* 24.4* 3.34 3.47 3.53 3.54 3.36 3.36 2.31 2.98 2.32 3.41 3.36 3.49 328 3.44 3.47 0.019 0.026 0.014 0.010 0.014 0.009 0217 0.162 0.161 0.483 0.336 0.542 0.531 0.503 0.504 0.020 0.015 0.007 0.000 0.013 0.015 0225 0205 0.175 0.439 0.370 0.475 0.483 0.494 0.422 WeightPercent of Quysotile foreachDiffraction Peak m* 24.4* Avg Weight Percent Percent WeiehtLoss Quysotile in Bulk 0.6 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.4 0.6 0.4 02 0.3 0.3 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.4 0.4 0.3 0.4 0.4 9.4 9.7 9.5 5.4 6.9 62 6.9 7.5 72 142 12.9 13.5 9.9 11.0 10.4 15.5 13.6 14.6 162 14.7 15.4 14.6 14.4 14.5 14.6 122 13.4 87.6 87.6 67.6 82.4 82.4 62.4 96.5 96.5 96.5 822 82.2 822 79.7 79.7 79.7 0.07 0.07 0.04 0.03 0.07 0.06 0.33 021 025 2.41 1.86 2.59 3.13 2.94 2.71 AQy -)/?/?& Stephen A Brown Senior Scientist, X-ray Diffraction Date The results ere submitted pursuant to RJ Lee Group's current terms and conditions of sale, including the company's standard warranty and limitation of liability provisions. No responsibility or liability is assumed for tire manner in which the results are used or interpreted. Unless notified in writing to return the samples covered by this report RJ Lee Group will store the samples for a period of thirty (30) days before discarding. A shipping and handling fee will be assessed for the return of any samples. AIHA Accreditation Certificate Number 460, Monroeville, PA Monroeville, PA * San Leandro, CA * Wuhingtcci DC * Houston IX H Boelter & Yates, Inc. N0 APPENDIX B Chain of Custody Forms and Sample Handling Documentation ..J Date: (fi "'A " -i Project No: / /r 5^85? j ^LaOt T/MS- -a To: /=^- Boelter & Yates, me. Environmental Engineers and Scientists 1300 Higgins Road, Suite 301 Park Ridge, IL 60068-5772 847/692-4700 Fax 847/692-3127 Re: ftfrhibuNGj TCfojZflyTTfk- To Id-bafiATo/tY Attn: ~T&(L. Jtr& ft Copies: Boelter.8/Yates, loc. P/tee. ) ffi Ji 1 J y ^ Date: Project No: ,______ Boelter & Yates, inc. Environmental Engineers and Scientists 1300 Higgins Road, Suite 301 Park Ridge, IL 60068-5772 847/692-4700 Fax 847/692-3127 Re: 644*-yASlJ ^ 1^** (/I ^ - r r i) ^ UiL. Attn: *%T ~7~7--r W 4 kg. mtbj 4-m* Zfe -*.JfUt. ^J 4A \ j _ -t-fj 'MUvyfe-i *&- Ml iVE>/)ft* /) ^ X KZfr uhtH- LL>tM- , ^httJk-AyQ, - j AQ^Uxm^ E^w . - `alX ifiM*r Hi L&tfO- * tUto^fK '*- 'i&t 1 etfaf ,'~*b- VUuHJUi ~ucr^ ^ UiAT^Ji /JIM*. 7tz ]A^M jJLMl()-xkj 52?- Copies: Boelter & Yates, inc. 2l _E r 1 m^j ,_Date: ~i Project No: (L&\ D nw sms To:_Ml Boelter & Yates, me. Environmental Engineers and Scientists 1300 Higgins Road, Suite 301 Park Ridge, IL 60068-5772 847/692-4700 Fax 847/692-3127 Re: Ii '*--1 ii1 Attn: J >5 M4i> ' viFft-Otflfj" Cal. Arft t> ~:^5^ "B11 \ $?A ;/fl "b" hescn/tftN________ nsgrttifr CetotXBHtS f=k>o<T,L.-- *cy A*/ *4ii'f ^p/ftcMes retffa*g/e. 6siftr// 1 C.a/iealu*^ Ncttrh fawn TitE. VfhPiZl Vt*(l P&L^taz- TUjl ><67-61 FleoA 1 fWrtc-o /TC7 i)PF djIti+'G. u>/ y-f (L tt/ ; ^xXl/tjdrv,/ Floori*7c v b/u-e. <v Mom- Asbestos/ ~/2,fx /2,( vj/ CoUGel-PAtM ____ VtHVLBe^T Ti^H- "' \ZA-4ll 197Z. %Jk CAM< Ash m\UU ^ blo ck' N <?/id1c>t^ /l*7teT7C ? ) -Kk w ?*hfch-es> hloT -fe^TT to ftk /r#/t ^i'Tv ^ AtSCsc/er'tc/ ' fb Ol&M) 74%n 7X4-9"*r( (lU-uLiTJ M*kt % Wl --pi- ^ i 1 frPITlCo /96^- MT" fctoT father a; AVS ^<T? __ Copies: Boelter & Yates, Inc Date: ^4^8________ ~i Project No: _ J /HI4- 535 Boelter & Yates, inc. Environmental Engineers and Scientists 1300 Higgins Road, Suite 301 Park Ridge, IL 60068-5772 847/692-4700 Fax 847/692-3127 Re: ffmrk & beserijgftoV ftm-OMfl- PLasn.-rii-e-- bol AMI>_____ Opq BW Waltife/ _______ Attn:_____ vasg?^ Kwrite. rzx rz.x Vg,_____ Cem/iE^TS x<cfc 5 Jxjj\snM b t/T~ j Copies: J[2L U i*\ kcx KJ*J) AV-kvuXljLsl & ^*-X .__________________________ _________ nft A*1S\~~ /U~. )ia>*?cP Mt9To9' T*?/>e ctbtj ______________________ /go-- cAr*- ____________ 4, /??#____________________ ,,f S' rOftMSVLAAVLCW H Boelter & Yates, In NO appendix c Photographs APPENDIX E PLM Bulk Sample