Document 65961gBVyMYO5kpOb06Z5NwJo

FILE NAME Power Generation POW DATE 1967 DOC POW017 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Published Article from Trade Journal we ca ee AUGUST 1967 VOLUME ELEVEN . NUMBER FOUR 167 168 172 173 LEADER The need for control of noise in a technological environment NOTES OF THE MONTH Including details of various applications of insulating materials contracts of interest technical developments and other topics T.I.C.A. Annual Luncheon and Annual General Meeting INSULATING WATER TANKS The insulation of two 300ft diameter water tanks in Holland 175 179 ASBESTOS FEATURE This feature endeavours to put the health risks associated with asbestos in true perspective as well as reviewing the many applications of this invaluable material in the insulation industry INSULATION DATA SHEET ON SPRAYED ASBESTOS 181 INSULATION IN THE COST PART I 183 ASBESTOS FEATURE continued 186 LIVERPOOL'S NEW CATHEDRAL Acoustics heating and insulation in the new Metropolitan Cathedral of Christ the King 190 193 195 INSULATED INDUSTRIALISED HOMES A close of one industrialised building system which has responded to the need for higher standards of domestic insulation EXPO EXPRESS A paper dealing with the noise reduction features considered and adopted for the Mass Transit System for Expo 67 STRUCTURAL INSULATION Spotlighting what may prove to be a future trend in house building TECHNICAL LITERATURE 196 197 PROFILE Dick's Asbestos & Insulating Co. Ltd. APPOINTMENTS 198 COMMERCIAL NEWS 199 TRADE LITERATURE PRODUCTS DIGEST 203 CLASSIFIED ADVERTISEMENTS 204 ADVERTISERS INDEX READER ENQUIRY FORM DEAS CORRESPONDENTS wemcoperlaan 13 Berkel Z.H. Holland et Revetments 45 Avenue du Roule Neuilly Seine France des Travaux Publics 169 Rue de Flandre Brussels Belgium AL V. J. WILMOTH M.A. A.I.Struct.E MARTIN D. CUNDELL SEMENT ER D. MURRAY WOODMAN M.A.A. AL AND ADVERTISEMENT OFFICES NGHAM STREET LONDON W.C.2 ONE TRAfalgar 666 E 1967 SUBSCRIPTIONS Op CONTENTS aT Heating and hot water units in position on L.D.R. Panels Ducts before fixing of heating units Y lillie VINYL ACETATE MASTIC x 45 DENSITY LOR PANEL , i t i Construction at corner of Duct TURNERS ASBESTOS CEMENT CO LTD Trafford Park Manchester 17 Tel TRA 2181 Telex 639 Regional Sales Offices London Belfast Birmingham Bristol Cardiff Glasgow Nottingham and York A TURNER & NEWALL COMPANY Ee LDRJN338 ESTOS has been the subject of verse publicity in the last few due to the health risk involved its manufacture and installation nobody would deny that these e present there is an acute danger S casual observer and indeed the casual observer might fail to see od for the trees Asbestos is ble not only as a thermal r fireproof and acoustic material building and insulation industries as a brake lining material for or industry and as a raw material manufacture of fireproof suits as numerous other industrial dons involving safety Current into the connection between s dust and cancer may cause an al outcry in certain sections of mmunity but any connection may be must be seen in true tive While there are now cur- 29,000 deaths each year as a If lung cancer less than 50 cases thelioma are being reported each et all of which have any relationth asbestos In 1966 there was a of 64 deaths resulting from with asbestos mostly from } sis but as asbestosis takes 15 to s to develop it is clear that most se cases developed while pres in the industry were not up to resent high standard F feature is intended to review bs as an insulating material while tlining its origin and the preis currently recommended in order mise the health risk INTRODUCTION estos has been known to man for years but it is only in the past ears since the steam engine the first quantity demand for ion and packings that it has ' an important industrial matIt has been called the twentiethy mineral and in 60 years its Thas increased 1,000 times Yet - has much to learn still about ps and it is hoped that the first itional conference on the physics hemistry of asbestos minerals held in Oxford this July will the bounds of our knowledge unique material ough it is best known as a al which resists heat asbestos number of other important ities which account for its wideF use today Asbestos fibres high tensile strength and are em- 1 to reinforce materials like t and resins those of sufficient | and flexibility are valuable in $ grades with low electrical ctivity and high resistance to have a number of specialised and of course the thermal Ities of asbestos are a vital factor ASBESTOS Asbestos fibre after first extraction from rock in friction linings insulating materials and fire protection products For each of these purposes the material's fine fibrous structure means that it can be processed into an extremely varied range of physical shapes and forms What is asbestos There are still people some of them users of asbestosbased products who imagine that is grows in plantations somewhere in tropical Africa In fact of course it is a rock a natural mineral which occurs in fibrous form Thus it possesses the characteristics both of rock it cannot burn for instance and at the same time of a natural fibre in that it can be spun and woven into cloth It is indeed the strongest natural fibre known to man hence its use as a reinforcing agent in asbestos- cement and in plastics It is misleading however to refer simple to asbestos since the term covers the whole group of asbestiform minerals which vary a great deal in their chemical composition mineralogical structure properties and utility Of the thirty or more known types most are of no commercial value while a few find only a limited and specialised application the great bulk of production being confined to three main chrysotile crocidolite and amosite Mineralogically chrysotile is a fibrous form of the magnesium silicate mineral serpentine whilst crocidolite and amosite are fibrous forms of the amphibole silicate minerals riebeckite and grunerite respectively The crys- Continued on page 176 Pneumatic drilling prior to insertion of explosives during asbestos mining underground 1967 175 waren iene eke ee egw & mera adverse publicity in the last few ths due to the health risk involved fae in its manufacture and installation 5 le nobody would deny that these ees are present there is an acute danger at the casual observer and indeed the ay so casual observer might fail to see m wood for the trees Asbestos is Valuable not only as a thermal lator fireproof and acoustic material #im the building and insulation industries Met also as a brake lining material for fee motor industry and as a raw material #% the manufacture of fireproof suits @% well as numerous other industrial Ceplications involving safety Current research into the connection between bestos dust and cancer may cause an emotional outcry in certain sections of the community but any connection here may be must be seen in true perspective While there are now currently 29,000 deaths each year as a result of lung cancer less than 50 cases of mesothelioma are being reported each year not all of which have any relationhip with asbestos In 1966 there was gi total of 64 deaths resulting from contact with asbestos mostly from bestosis but as asbestosis takes 15 to W years to develop it is clear that most of these cases developed while precations in the industry were not up to eir present high standard This feature is intended to review umbestos as an insulating material while 4 outlining its origin and the precutions currently recommended in order to minimise the health risk o INTRODUCTION * Asbestos has been known to man for 500 years but it is only in the past 100 years since the steam engine geated the first quantity demand for sulation and packings that it has ecome an important industrial mat- Cal It has been called the twentieth- mineral and in 60 years its tput has increased 1,000 times Yet ence has much to learn still about bestos and it is hoped that the first ternational conference on the physics and chemistry of asbestos minerals ing held in Oxford this July will Extend the bounds of our knowledge = this unique material Although it is best known as a Material which resists heat asbestos has a number of other important @ properties which account for its wide- spread use today Asbestos fibres have high tensile strength and are em- ployed to reinforce materials like cement and resins those of sufficient @ length and flexibility are valuable in j textiles grades with low electrical # conductivity and high resistance to acids have a number of specialised ; ; and of course the thermal properties of asbestos are a vital factor ASBESTOS i Asbestos fibre after first extraction from rock in friction linings insulating materials and fire protection products For each of these purposes the material's fine fibrous structure means that it can be processed into an extremely varied range of physical shapes and forms What is asbestos There are still people some of them users of asbestosbased products who imagine that is grows in plantations somewhere in tropical Africa In fact of course it is a rock a natural mineral which occurs in fibrous form Thus it possesses the characteristics both of rock it cannot burn for instance and at the same time of a natural fibre in that it can be spun and woven into cloth It is indeed the strongest natural fibre known to man hence its use as a reinforcing agent in asbestoscement and in plastics It is misleading however to refer simple to asbestos since the term covers the whole group of asbestiform minerals which vary a great deal in their chemical composition mineralogical structure properties and utility Of the thirty or more known types most are of no commercial value while a few find only a limited and specialised application the great bulk of production being confined to three main chrysotile crocidolite and amosite Mineralogically chrysotile is a fib- rous form of the magnesium silicate mineral serpentine whilst crocidolite and amosite are fibrous forms of the amphibole silicate minerals riebeckite and grunerite respectively The crys- Continued on page 176 Pneumatic drilling prior to insertion of explosives during asbestos mining underground ION , JULY 1967 175 are se Rena . asbestos talline basis of all types of asbestos is a silicate lattice combined largely with magnesium as in chrysotile and anthophyllite or with calcium magnesium iron and sodium in varying amounts in the amphibole varieties should be understood that a risk is present only if substantial amounts of airborne asbestos dust are inhaled Only in extremely rare cases has there been any suggestion that incidental exposure to asbestos dust has been harmful and proof has not been firmly established The occupational risk to people who work with asbestos increasingly has been and is being controlled Two diseases are involved asbestosis a fibrosis of the lung and mesothelioma a cancer of the pleura Chrysotile asbestos of peritoneum Both of these are The most familiar and commercially rare significant variety is chrysotile or white asbestos which represents Turners aluminised asbestos cloth suits used Successful Control of Asbestosis about 90 per cent of the world's output Deposits are found chiefly in Canada Rhodesia and Russia and they yield a strong fine flexible fibre which is resistant to heat and is a useful electrical insulator It has a wide for fire fighting For further details quote Ref 4/12 Asbestos The risks to health have been recognised in the asbestos industry for nearly 40 years and the first Asbestos Industry Regulations were introduced in 1931. Since then British asbestos manufacturers have introduced com- range of application including friction linings asbestos cement and textile and Health prehensive measures for the controlled handling of asbestos in their factories products some of which are used for The various applications in which insulation asbestos is used by the insulation The Asbestosis Research Council Chemical analysis of chrysotile industry will be described elsewhere in The Asbestosis Research Council was would show around 42 per cent this issue There is however one set up 9 years ago by the industry and magnesia 40 per cent silica up to 5 factor common to all the insulation has been responsible for important per cent oxides of iron and aluminium and 13 per cent water Chrysotile uses of asbestos and that is the way in advances in medical knowledge relating which its application and removal to the effects of asbestos dust A sum remains unaffected by heat up to 525-550deg.C but the residue does not should be controlled in order to minimise any risk to the health of men of 100,000 has been allocated to the Asbestosis Research Council for fuse until temperatures around 1450- an working with the material Interest in expanded programme of research into deg.C are reached Chrysotile this subject has recently been renewed means of prevention of risks to health fibres are resistant to attack by alkalis by the drafting of revised Government over the next five years but the action of mineral acids is fairly regulations prepared after consultation Asbestosis is caused by exposure to T i rapid and with strong solutions the with the asbestos industry to control high concentrations of respirable as- 1 fibres will ultimately dissolve com- its handling in factories and by bestos dust for considerable periods MTN i pletely industrial users In other words occasional exposure to Ae n | Is is important to bring the possible small amounts of asbestos dust does eet Amphibole asbestos risk to health associated with asbestos not cause asbestosis Where dust ann The types of asbestos in the amphi- into perspective In this connection it concentrations have been reduced to tat bole group differ from chrysotile in containing a larger percentage of low levels as in the principal asbestos silica less water and varying amounts factories there has been a correspond- of iron magnesium sodium and cal- ing reduction in the incidence of this disease men cium The best known amphibole An examination of the case histories se variety is crocidolite the blue es asbestos mined principally in South of workers in the scheduled occupa- at Africa The chemical composition of tions in a large asbestos textile ae a typical crocidolite would be 50 per Same cent silica 35 per cent iron oxide 3 per cent magnesia 8 per cent alkali net oxides 3 per cent combined water a Amosite the last important variety MA is found only in the Transvaal and factory during this period has proved that preventive measures have reduced the mortality rates from all causes among asbestos workers to the normal levels expected among the total working population me consists of long spiky fibres which vee are well suited to thermal insulation The Martindale Electric Company Ltd. has Rare Incidence of Mesothelioma carte because they trap larger pockets of air recently introduced a pressure powered A new factor in the situation is the in the intersticial spaces Amosite respirator It has been designed to give pro- recent association between asbestos ageniae tection against asbestos dust but also has a teae like crocidolite contains approximately wide variety of other industrial applications and the very rare form of cancer narctahoe 35 per cent iron expressed as oxides Where other pressure respirators use known as mesothelioma The rarity but mainly in the less oxidised ferrous state It contains greater percentages of magnesia up to 65 per cent and alumina up to 6 per cent and the compressed air cylinders or a compressor the Martindale unit has a small battery blower which supplies filtered air to a facepiece The new respirator is small compact lightweight and completely contained The of this disease is demonstrated by the fact that while there are now about 29,000 deaths annually in the UK from all forms of lung cancer fewer than 50 alkali metals are present only in power unit which gives an eight hour continuous cases of mesothelioma are being relatively small amounts The com- bined water content is similar to that of crocidolite air supply is energised by a volt rechargeable cell battery and is supported at the waist by a light harness For further details quote Ref 4/13 reported each year have a history of asbestos not all of which association with 176 INSULATION has however been suggested that othelioma can be caused in certain by quite limited exposure to estos and there is some evidence . the main risk is associated with & asbestos crocidolite Of the e main types of asbestos imported f Britain last year 83 per cent was te asbestos chrysotile 14 per was amosite and 2 per cent was asbestos crocidolite osite The risks of mesothelioma from the amonly used types of asbestosite and amosite believed by Formed medical opinion to be negli- Ne or at any rate very much less than m blue Insulating materials made by Cape sulation Co. Ltd. under the trade mes of Caposite and Caposil ntain only amosite asbestos and never been associated with a single of mesothelioma In fact pro- ded simple precautions are taken the of Caposite and Caposil aterials will be safe from any other cupational disease associated with bestos Asbestosis is only a risk health if substantial amounts of borne asbestos dust are inhaled ar prolonged periods of time The by occasion when Caposite and aposil products are likely to produce nificantly large amounts of asbestos st are during the stripping of insulabn or during extensive cutting berations To help reproduce the me conditions as occur in factories ape Insulation Ltd. has developed a ortable dust extraction unit which now available to its customers The recently set up Asbestos Informtion Committee is designed to keep e public informed of the health aks associated with asbestos Further formation and copies of the codes of actice are available from the Committee at 10 Wardour Street ondon W.1 ecommended Codes of Practice The Asbestosis Research Council has , far introduced two recommended odes of Practice which concern the sulation contracting industry Both e available from the Secretary of the sbestosis Research Council P.O. 40 Rochdale ox Lancs rhandling The code rhandling asbestos products used in ermal insulation covers the proce- res to be adopted for working with rious types of product e.g. loose saging formed materials and rayed insulation for stripping mat- containing asbestos the use and of respirators and the medical pervision of workers The other code published so far more are to follow covers the handling working and fixing of asbestos and asbestoscement products in the building and construction industries It describes the procedure which should be adopted under factory conditions and in confined spaces as well as when handling and working under site conditions All these procedures will quite soon be covered by revised Ministry of Labour regulations but in the meantime it is vital that everyone responsible for the employment of labour in the insulation industry should be familiar with the A.R.C. codes of practice and should insist on their rigid application Asbestos Information Committee Asbestos in Thermal Insulation The Asbestosis Research Council Present factory regulations recognise asbestosis as an industrial disease which could arise from the inhalation of asbestos dust and stipulates rules for the protection of work people engaged in the manufacture of certain types of asbestos products No regulations have yet been introduced relating to the handling of asbestos products for thermal insulation although it is accepted that to eliminate the risk of asbestosis all practical steps should be taken to minimise the inhalation of asbestos dust For this reason The Asbestosis Research Council set up a committee of doctors and engineers to consider what steps should be taken for the protection of workers in this branch of the asbestos industry As a result of its work the Committee has recommended that the industry should adopt the following code of practice Where asbestos products are used the following procedures should be adopted Wherever possible preformed material rather than site mixed material should be used Working with loose lagging material should be done in the wet state wherever practicable rather than in the dry Methods of transporting premixed wet compounds from segregated mixing areas should be used wherever possible When dry mixing is being done respirators should be worn unless a machine with a properly designed ventilation system is available Portable exhaust ventilation systems are already in use in certain shipyards This procedure should be extended Where the cutting of material containing asbestos takes place it should be done whenever possible in a segregated area where there is a free circulation of air If continuous cutting of insulation asbestos materials is being carried out a portable hopper should be used for the collec- tion of out waste Machines are available for ensuring dust exhaust at a cutting bench In the case of spraying asbestos the practice to be adopted will depend on the type of equipment used The various types are defined in the Appendix In all cases the asbestos fibre must not be removed from the proof sacks in which it is supplied until it is fed into the machines in the prescribed manner Care should be exercised in handling the sacks in order not to damage them a The use of effective treatment reduces the concentration of dust to the level obtainable by an efficient exhaust ventilation system Where treated fibre is used spraying with any type of machine may proceed without limitations save that the operators must during spraying operations and for a short period thereafter wear approved masks b ventilating machines without treatment equipment may be used in spaces where the volume of air per spray gun in action is not less than 25,000 cu ft provided that operators use approved masks during spraying and for 30 minutes thereafter Other tradesmen not supplied with masks may not enter the room until 30 minutes after spraying has ceased Normal ventilation by open windows is permitted Where rooms are below 25,000 cu ft volume per gun mechanical ventilation must be provided to give two air changes per hour and operators must wear approved masks during spraying and for at least 30 minutes thereafter Other trades must not enter whilst spraying is in progress and for one hour thereafter c Non- ventilated machines without treatment equipment should only be used in spaces exceeding 50,000 cu ft volume per gun operators and other workers approaching within 50 ft of the machine and the gun must wear approved masks during spraying and for 15 minutes afterwards Normal ventilation by open windows is permitted Stripping of Materials Asbestos Containing The area in which stripping takes place should be classified as a segregated location and operatives engaged on such work should wear approved Continued on page 178 ULY 1967 177 erste tangew Ene 7 oad Nae A eis OD asbestos i type respirators a Where site location permits protective sheeting dust polythene shrouding etc. should be used to localise or isolate the working area b Wherever conditions permit i.e. on inside power stations ships engine rooms piping and ducting inside buildings portable industrial vacuum cleaners should be used during stripping operations and for cleaning purposes in the working area c Where the lagging is receptive to such treatment wetting prior to and during the removal of the material should be carried out Medical Supervision of Workers All employees should be examined clinically and radiologically before employment or as soon as possible afterwards certainly within three months to avoid the employment of men who may be particularly suscep- tible to the hazard Periodic examina- tions should be made thereafter annually if possible Notes on the Medical Examination of Workers in the Asbestos Industry are available as a guide to doctors concerned New employees should be advised of the | precautions necessary in the industry A system of recording the employment history of workers entering the Thermal Insulation Industry or who have been employed in the insulation contracting industry would be beneficial SPRAYED ASBESTOS SPRAYED ASBESTOS is one of th insulation most versatile methods of on the market It is used for protection of both steel and structures against fire for ctohenrmcalrete insulation condensation control noise reduction and acoustical correction It requires no jointing and is easily easily applied to awkward corners etc. There are very definite safety procedures involved in its use and these are referred to in the " Code of Practice Use and Care of Respirators Where operations covering mixing cutting and spraying are carried out Appendix and wherever dust can be inhaled approved respirators should be used Definitions and maintained as set out below a treatment Equipment Respirators should be worn by all The treatment equipment and employees at all times when media should be capable of restricting 1 Spraying asbestos and feeding the amount of dust in the atmosphere hoppers on sprayed asbestos work during spraying to a level approxi- Respirators should be worn by both mating to that achieved in a modern operator and attendant during the full asbestos textile plant treatment period that work is being carried out and by any employee remaining in the should be carried out in a segregated area the operator wearing an approved dusty atmosphere for a limited period mask The equipment may consist of after spraying operations have termi- nated a closed rotating drum which throws a measured quantity of fibre across a Application of sprayed asbestos notice the use 2 Carrying out the following finely atomised water spray which is of a respirator operations which wherever possible projected along the axis of the drum should be carried out in open spaces The action which is improved by the where there is a free circulation of air addition of a wetting agent to the water a The mixing of any material con- takes place over a period of time Sprayed Asbestos taining asbestos This operation must be carried out in segregated areas if sufficient to produce a uniform damp- ening of the asbestos fibres to Expo 67 possible b The mixing of compo- the finer particles of asbestos which at sitions and setting cements which adhere even when passed through the spray have an asbestos content c The machine and ejected from the gun SPRAYED ASBESTOS plays a major cleaning and emptying of sacks or Spraying is carried out immediately part in the insulation and protection other containers which contain asbestos after the dampening cycle is completed of buildings at Canada's international or an admixture of asbestos Where b ventilating Machine exhibition Expo 67. Applications of the above operations are being carried One in which the fan Limpet sprayed asbestos carried out out in confined adequate arrange- air providing the by Atlas Asbestos Company associates ments must be made for ventilation stream in which the fibre is con- and licensees of J. W. Roberts 3 Carrying out the following veyed through the hose to the gun Ltd. cover thermal insulation noise operations a The cutting of all draws its air supply via a path from the reduction fire protection condensation insulation materials containing asbes- fibre hopper charging aperture the control and acoustical correction tos or an admixture of asbestos charging of the hopper being carried hand in confined by out only whilst the spray machine fan The British Russian Administration spaces b The al cutting of materials containing asbestos is operating and Man in Control Pavilions are protected from fire by sprayed Limpet or an admixture of asbestos by portable c ventilated Machine as also are the World Broadcasting or other driven saws or similar A machine in which the air stream Centre Expo Theatre and the Gyroton tools c The breaking down for for conveying the fibre is induced from This 2885 removal of lagging containing asbestos a source outside the machine and which sprayed asbestos also provides thermal insulation to elevator shafts ; or an admixture of asbestos provides no air movement away from and passages in Habitat 67 condensa The approved respirator should be the operator's face when the machine tion and noise control for the : carefully maintained and adequate is being charged with fibre tive Stadium Automo- 2.4 servicing arrangements should be made stands and a decorative 225 to ensure that this is done and that December 1966. The Asbestosis Acoustical correction in the Australian employees are not without Research Council Secretary Dr. S. Pavilion during maintenance respirators Holmes P.O. Box No. 40 Rochdale Lancashire Continued on page 183 178 INSULATION INDEX TO ADVERTISERS Alcan Foils Ltd. Insulated Packaging Allan Aluminium Aluminium Suppliers Edwardson Adhesives Adhesives for Insulation Atlas Preservative Co. Ltd. . Insulation fixing pins Cape Insulation Ltd. Preformed sectional pipe covering Celcon Ltd. Lightweight insulating building blocks Chancery Insulations Ltd. Thermal insulation The Chemical & Insulating Co. Ltd. Magnesia insulation Cork Insulation & Asbestos Co. Ltd. Mats and rigid slabs Dicks Asbestos & Insulating Co. Ltd. Rigid polyurethane pipe insulation Durox Building Units Ltd. Aerated concrete blocks PAGE 155 202 204 161 158 160 174174 188 Cover iv 170 162 Imperial Chemical Industries Ltd. Rigid urethane foam Morrison R. F. & Co. Ltd. Illumination systems Newall's Insulation & Chemical Co. Ltd. Preformed glass fibre pipe lagging Pittsburgh Adhesives Ltd. Adhesives for insulation Potter'Poter'ss Insulations Insulations Ltd. Insulation products and slide rule Powell Duffryn Timber Industries Ltd. . Fire resistant insulating boards Frank Preston Textiles Ltd. Textiles for rigid sections jackets etc. Roberts J. W. Ltd. Coatings for fire insulation Smith & Partners Ltd. Insulation contractors Stillite Products Ltd. Preformed pipe sections G. B. Insulations Ltd. Preformed glass fibre pipe lagging 163 Turners Asbestos Cement Co. Ltd. Asbestos panels Idenden Adhesives Ltd. . Lagging adhesives and insulation coating Cover iii Winn & Coales Ltd. Moisture protective tapes For PAGE I wish in Insula given at th am intere My name is Technical ( 159 My status . Cover iii My employ 156 - Cover iii Their add~- 184 194 Cover ii We w Cover i them to ser This s ; 165 JULY 1967 AN INTERNATIONAL ADHESIVE SERVICE FOR THE INSULATION INDUSTRY |---- For I wish t in Insulat given at the am interes My name is Technical C } My status My employe Their addr When you buy from Edwardson you benefit from unrivalled international know- how experience gained from supplying users throughout the world coupled with fullest information of the latest technical develop- ments supplied by our many associated adhesive plants of the world Borden organisation INSULATION Adhesives Adhesive Tapes for use with all types of Marine and Land Thermal Insulation Write now for full details : Edwardson Adhesives Ltd ASSOCIATE OF THE BORDEN CHEMICAL COMPANY UK LTD RIVERSIDE HOUSE AMWELL END WARE * HERTFORDSHIRE Telephone WARE 2394 3 lines 3252 Telegrams ADHESIVES WARE . Date | Fold ti 4