Document 655OV2VXQrBkajLy2D7MZEV6m

FILE NAME Insulation Contractors & Distributors ICD DATE 1975 May DOC ICD033 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Trade Journal - NICA Outlook | OUTLOOK May 1975 Vol 20 No. 5 MS & Sentr et ae ry NATIONAL INSULATION CONTRACTORS ASSOCIATION NICA OUTLOOK National Insulation Contractors Association National Insulation Contractors Association Montgomery Center 8630 Fenton Street - Suite 506 Silver Spring Maryland 20910 telephone 301-585-8441 TABLE OF CONTENTS VOL 20 MAY 1975 NO 5 John C. Pollock Executive Director G. W. Hinman Jr. Chairman NICA Publications Committee Officers 1975 C. B. Wheatley President L. E. Sweetser President F. A. Burns President Wayne W. Killion Treasurer The President's Letter Your Executive Director's Report 2 Arctic Environment Presents Unusual 4 Insulation Design Problems NICA & Cold Storage 6 10 Study Finds Development of Uniform Energy Data for Office R. E. Kramig Asst Treasurer R. L. Plugge Secretary Buildings Not Feasible NICA Letter to U.S. Senators and 14 BOARD OF DIRECTORS Terms Ending 1976 J. Rodger Hartley CSICA Walter Shipe EASICA EASICA William O. Mauldin MICA Raymond U. Wopperer NYSICA Charles B. Morton SWICA Stan Stachelek Large Terms Ending 1977 George Smith CSICA Joseph Hoffmann SEICA .MICA .MICA WICA Terms Ending 1978 g Richard Madigan SEICA H Ralph Sarion WICA James W Liadell Large Representatives Thrift With Thermal Energy California Sets Pipe Insulation Requirements For All New Residential Buildings New Cooling Tower Fill Offers Better Performance Longer Life in Variety of Installations ! Jazz Lunch and Garden Tour Past President's Dinner Don Mahaffey Honored at Retirement Party i Keys to New Orleans 100 Attendance What's New from Manufacturers i Meet Your NICA Members 16 18 24 28 32 2 34 35 eapntapren 36 rreiton 37 38 eae 42 on, Aertsen P. Keasbey Jr NYSICA : Objections to Bacon Act omy 4 SOUR ny SWICA Manville Presents Awards for RR WMA Immediate Past President William A Bayer Outstanding Sales Performance in 1974 OE 48 Annual Subscription 10 which is included Manville Presents nmey the Membership Dues Single copy 1.50 Three year rate at 523 U.S. & Canada Foreign subscriptions add $ to above rates ee, Controlled circulation paid at Silver Spring f Md Statements of tact and opinion are made on the responsibility responsibility of the author alone and do not Oh necessarily express the opinions o AR the Association Material may ---- 20 reproduced without written consent Craftsmanship Award Calendar of Events NICA Salutes SEICA Who Wants To Be An Editor Golf Winners City Association News 88 88 54 56 57 58 Copyright National insulation Arizona Chapter of WICA ee Contractors Association - 1975 Announces Officers Environmental Sciences Laboratory MOUNTS MOUNTS SINAISINAI MOUNTMSSM MSM Gime SCHOL OF EO of The City University of New York INSULATION INSULATION INSULATION HYGIENE PROGRESS PROGRESS PROGRESS PROGRESS REPORTS REPORTS THE INSULATION INSULATION INDUSTRY HYGIENE RESEARCH PROGRAM FROM Selikoff M.D. Program Director Irving J. Vol 6 No. "ste Spring 1975 The Asbestos Exposure of Insulation Workmen Extensive information has been developed on the mortality experience of insulation workers It would thus be of considerable value to have quantitative information on the asbestos dust levels to which these workers were ex- posed Because of the long lapse period between exposure and clinical appearance of disease the dust estimates of greatest concern are those of 20 30 40 or more years ago While historical data are scant and fragmentary insulation work practices have changed relatively little prior to 1970 either in the U.S. or abroad Thus measurements taken prior to 1970 will also provide data of use in assessing earlier exposure United States Data The only early work of note is the 1945 study of Fleischer and his colleagues who reported asbestos dust levels during insulation application in four U.S. shipyards In this study dust levels were assessed using a konimeter an instrument widely used at the time but no longer employed and both total ASBESTOS STANDARD TO BE REVIEWED On December 7 1971 an Asbestos Standard was promulgated that prohibited workmen's eight average asbestos exposures to exceed 5 fibers milliliter ml of air A milliliter is about a thimbleful of air and only fipbeerrs longer than five microns about 25,000 of an inch are to be counted This level is mandated to go to 2 ml during June 1976 Last the U.S. Court of Appeals ordered portions of the current year of Labor Of interest to U.S. standard to be reviewed by the Department insulators the court specifically stated that in those industries where a dust level of 2 ml was feasible it should be implemented before 1976 Because of this pending review of the standard a summary of all research on the asbestos exposure of insulation insulation workers has been prepared for submission to the Dept. of Labor by the Insulation Industry HygiU. eSn.e Research Program Because of the importance of achieving a safe U.S. Asbestos Standard and the interest of asbestos workers in this goal we areare publishing the full report in this issue dust levels and fiber levels were re- corded This study gains importance in that one of the yards studied by Fleischer was resurveyed during 1965 and 1966 by personnel of the Department of Industrial Hygiene Harvard School of Public Health and a com- parison of levels is possible During 1964 additional data were published by Mart on exposure levels es ee TABLE I at the Long Beach Naval Shipyard Local 20 IAHFIAW However de- tailed numerical data on dust concentra- tions are only given for particies If fibers were present but the count re- vealed less than 1 million particles per cubic foot mppcf they were reported only as a trace Thus no average fiber concentrations can be derived from this study Continue ESI on page 2 Ma Yard asbestos fiber concentrations by Konimeter count A fiber conc MPPCF I'ml 8 fiber core MPPCF ml 0419951 liher cone MPPCF ml 1945 aber cuc MPPCE iim D fiber conc MPPCF conc f'mi Shop Activity No. of men exposed 1945 Layout and cutting Sewing and fabrication General room air The following shop activities activities 84 50 0.35 0.03 0.08 124 1.1 2.8 0.23 01 0.01 8.1 3.5 04 were done at infrequent intervals and 51 2.2 0.60 0.3 invoted 8 78 1.76 62 63 22 0.27 9.5 0.03 1.1 S 0.3 10.6 0.02 0.7 only one or at most two mont Scrap grinding Aboard Ship No. of men exposed 1945 Avg exposure all activities Weighted Average Exposure All fibers visible 047 16.6 467 0.02 0.7 1.1 _ 700 2.8 98 90 _ 123 1.1 39 35 _ - 0.17 - 5.0 _ _ 160 0.03 1.1 1.1 1945 Results Available Average Exposures Low Table 1 lists the fiber exposure data the different shipyards varied by nearly dust concentrations and the obtained from over 200 dust counts by one hundred times of time a worker is percentage Fleischer in 1945 and also those ob- It should be recognized that these engaged in particu- lar practice a weighted average of tained by Murphyduring 1965 and 1966. Using data supplied on the fiber counts represent all fibers enumerated in the field of 2.7 ml was obtained for exposures number of individuals engaged in the meter These view of a koniwould include fibers during asbestos insulation work in light and heavy construction and 6.6 ml in various work activities a time- perhaps as short as 1.5 microns marine construction and weighted actually weighted av- Supplementary data on the size dis- repair Cooper and Balzer noted that at the erage asbestos exposure is calculated A detailed analysis of the results tribution of amosite aerosols in shipyards suggest that this overestimates time of their study approximately 55 of the work time of insulation workers ee however presents difficulties In each the number of fibers longer than five was spent using materials other than p pcee yard a worker's average exposure was microns by a factor of two asbestos Thus hour time- Hai dominated by insulation activities Taking this factor into account the weighted average exposures for asbes- neavine aboard ship For such activities the average of the eight concentra- tos workers during 1968 in the set average asbestos dust levels reported in tions of fibers longer than five microns United States would have western a cn ad in the four U.S. averaged less Insulation Hygiene shipyards studied by Fleischer in 1945 would be from 15 to than 1.5 ml in light and heavy construction Moreover it is noteworthy Progress Reports 20 fibers per milliliter ml It must be that Cooper and Balzer state their sam- Vol 6 No. 1 from the Spring 1975 Insulation Industry Hygiene Research Program Editor W. J. Nicholson Ph.D. Published at the Environmental Sciences Laboratory Irving J. Selikoff M.D. Director Mount Sinai School of Medicine of the City University of New York N.Y. 10029 emphasized however that such aver- ages are highly subjective and depend strongly upon the vagaries of the par- ^"cularwork practices selected for sampling and conditions present at that time Similar considerations would yield a value of 4 ml for the shipyard survey by Murphy in 1965-66 New Techniques Used ples were deliberately taken under conditions where the highest dust concentrations representative of a particnlar job were being developed Union Cooperation Obtained The environmental evaluation of insulation work that was undertaken by the Mount Sinai School of Medicine under the auspices of the Insulation In- Advisory Council of IIHRP Irving J. Selikoff M. Program Director and Chairman E. Cuyler Hammond Sc.D. Vice President American Cancer Society New Andrew Haas General President Interna- The first research that quantified asbestos insulation exposures using membrane filter techniques was that of Balzer and Cooper published in 1968 and extended in a report at the Dresden Conference on the Biological Effects of Asbestos in 1969. Their initial publication however dustry Hygiene Research Programre- vealed asbestos air concentrations somewhat higher than those measured by Balzer and Cooper Again using information supplied by union members and from observation of work prac- tices estimates were made of the per- centage of time workmen were engaged in various activities in commercial and tional Association of Heat and Frost enumerated fiber concentrations in industrial construction Insulators and Washington D.C. Asbestos Workers Fred L. Pundsack Ph D. Vice President marine and commercial insulation work in terms of all visible fibers including those shorter than five microns The later subsequent publication also The informatior on measured asbes- tos air concentrations obtained during these work activities is shown in Table Research and Development JohnsManville Corporation Denver Colo provided data on fiber concentrations longer than five microns Table 2 at the estimated weighted average exposure of about 5 ml for insulators PURPOSES PURPOSES OF THE summarizes these results Using the information provided on when working wim asbestos On the average , in the eastern United INSULATION INDUSTRY HYGIENE TABLE II RESEARCH PROGRAM 1. To develop improved methods for minimizing exposure of insu- lation workers to dusts and fumes encountereidn their work 2. To disseminate knowledge of control wherever they may be applied advantageously and to offer cooperation advice and assistance toward their universal adoption Asbestos fiber concentrations by membrane filter techniques Job Classification Percentage of work with asbestos Light and Heavy Industrial Fiberyer STOCAR ALL_ Lengths Length > 5p Marine Construction and Repair Fibers mean > AN Langti Lengths > Su Prefabrication Application Mixing Finishing Tearing Out General 10 40 % 30 10 % 10.1 12,4 2.4 2.7 12.8 0.8 6.6 8.0 1.6 1.8 8.4 .5 30.4 24.8 10.6 1.8 31.5 .2 20.0 16.8 7.1 1.2 20.2 0.1 + Weighted Average Exposure 4.1 2.7 9.9 6.6 IIHRP Results Reported Insulators Still Exposed to Asbestos States during the 1960's over half of the work activities of these men were with materials other than asbestos . Thus the over eight time- shipyard asbestos air samples taken during 1969. Using fiber counting techniques they determined a mean asbestos concentration of 0.3 ml in land 2. weighted average asbestos exposure was approximately 3 ml In the research that led to these data it was reported that peak exposures could be extremely high It was not uncommon for example for two to - minute concentrations of asbestos to range between 50 ml and 100 ml fabrication shops and 2.9 ml in ship- board installation work 3 flml Exposure Three research programs in the United States point to the conclusion that the weighted average expo- sure of insulators between 1965 and during the mixing of cement This mixing however would consume only a few minutes time and be done perhaps once an hour Thus exposures meas- ured over that hour including the mixing would seldom average over 5 mi Peak High Average Low . Similar experiences were subseBY quently reported by Cooper at Lyon who stated that Peak concentrations may be high for brief periods while weighted averages are often deceptively low In a continuation of the work of the Department of Industrial Hygiene of Harvard University in assessing asbestos exposure in Naval Shipyards Ferris et alreported on the results obtained by J. Lynch and W. Burgess from 81 1969 was less than 3 fibers longer than five microns per milliliter We have direct information on asbes tos fiber concentrations measured using the currently prescribed analysis procedures during recent years only Insulation materials have changed from earlier years Fibrous glass has found extensive use while work with cork is seldom seen today Moreover changes in the asbestos composition of insulation products have taken place Pipe covering and insulation block may have had twice the asbestos content in past years as exists today During this period however work practices were virtually identical to those of past years and during the period of those measurements few controls of significance were in use | TABLE III While much of new insulation material contains ---- asbestos coverers may still be exposed to high asbestos concentrations during removal and demolition In such work safe procedures and personal protective equipment must be used Thus obtaining an effective and safe Asbestos Standard remains of paramount importance Thus dust concentrations measured under these conditions have relevance for the estimate of levels of past years Considering the possible doubling of asbestos content of insulation materials . and considering that workers may have used asbestos materials more often in the past than now the data from these three studies would suggest that the upper limit on insulator's exposures in the United States during past years would be about 10 ml British Data At the Devonport Naval Dockyard in Plymouth England extensive mea- surements of asbestos dust concentra- tions during the application and removal of insulation aboard ship have been reported by Harries These are listed in Table 4. During the applica- tion of insulation material fiber concentrations from 2.1 to 22.4 flini were Asbestos concentrations during various work practices Type of Work Mensured Fiber Concentration tal greater than 5 microns Percentage of Time Practice Occurs When Asbestos is Used Column One timas Column Two Mixing and Applying Cement and Cloth Covering to Insulation Material Good Ventilation Poor Ventilation Ventilation Cutting and Applying Insulation Block or Sections of Pipe Covering Good Ventilation Poor Ventilation Fabrication work including Cutting Materials for later use 2.5 4 5.2 11.5 76 17.5 bd 17 81 38 104 20 230 10 76 found not unlike those found in U.S. studies However during the removal of pipe and machinery insulation mean dust concentration in various compartments ranged from 88 to 257 ml and in the removal of sprayed crocidolite ashestos fiber concentrations ranged from 20 to 500 mi with short breath- ing zone samples showing concentrations exceeding 1000 m Moreover the spread of asbestos from the site of removal can be extensive Concentra- tions of 30 ml were found at hatchway openings to decks from the area of crocidolite stripping High Dust During Ripour Additionally short fiber con- weighted average ww 535/85 = 6.3 mt 535 centrations measured during the variety of specific application and removalremoval removalremoval removal The above practices which occupy 85 of the work ling in asbestos insulation work give nse to wine average exposure of 6.3 mi As the majority of the other activities of insulation work supervision materials movement and installation of equipment etc ) are relatively clean the overall exposure may Union the U.S. wasping and dusty cleanup are done by members of the Laborers weighted collection of be lower fin In a review of work activities in commercial and industrial construction it was found that little removal of insulation techniques are reponed High levels exceeding 200 ml occurred while mixing asbestos cement The cleaning of debris 155 ml and the sawing 55 ml fitting 43 ml or removing 52 ml of calcium silicate sections also produced high dust concentrations A subsequent publication by Har- ries of term area sampling in var- Adequacy of Standard Questioned workmen Forty percent of insulators deaths can be attributed to their past occupational exposure to asbestos at - ious circumstances indicated a mean concentration of 226 ml during the removal of spray of 152 ml during the removal of pipe insulation and of 8.9 ml during the application of pipe lag ging As with the Mount Sinai research and the Cooper study short- term dust concentrations during specific insulation practices can be extremely high while samples taken over long periods of time yield concentrations that are relatively low when compared with current and past asbestos standards Summary Studies on asbestos concentrations from 1965 through 1971 by five differ- ent research groups in two countries are summarized in Table 5 along with estimates made of earlier insulation as- Pe eae bestos exposures They indicate that recent average exposures of insulation workers to asbestos are from 3 to 9 ml when working with asbestos As asbestos workers in the United States in the period these measurements were taken used asbestos materials in their work less than 50 of the time their eight average exposure to asbestos was less than 3 ml It is noteworthy that these exposures existed prior to the implementation of the current 5 ml standards in the U.S. As extensive substitution of non- asbestos materials has subsequently taken place in insulation work current exposures are now considerably lower The estimate of from 10 to 15 ml obtained for past exposures in nonmarine insulations work does not offer much confidence that 5 ml or even 2 ml is sufficient to protect asbestos SS 2G TABLA E TED TABLE IV such levels A standard set at two or even five times lower is unlikely to offer significant protection to asbestos workmen erg Asbestos Workers Have High Peak but Low Average Asbestos Exposures The high peak exposures of asbes- tos workers measured by different groups can be deceptive These often are of short term and may in- volve few men Average exposures have universally been found to be low usually less than current stand- ards This result leads to two conclusions ) Current standards may be inadequate to protect workers and 2 Easily accomplished control of peak exposures can significantly reduce the term average expo- sures A ENENC LEER eT Asbestos dust concentrations during the fabrication application and removal of insulation materials Breathing Zon General Atmosphere Location No. of samples Mean fibers Range No. of samples Mean fibers Kange Application of pipe and machinery insulation Boiler rooms Engine rooms Accumulator room Mattress fabrication Old shop New shop Removal of pipe and machinery insulation Boiler room Engine room Brick stowage space Removal of asbestos acoustic panels TABLE V Summary of average asbestos air concentrations during insulation work Research Group Average her Conceitalia Light and Heat Constructica Varige Work Mount Sinai HRP Comper Murphy Harvard Burgess Lynch Harries Estimates of early 6.3 2.7 6.6 8.0 2.9 8.3 exposures Fleischer Mount Sinai 10-15 15.20 for workers while cung asbestos Eight average exposures consulering the use of other materials would beli beli beli os kaif she shova valres Fiber com chudes all visible fibers 17 22.4 1-61 28 2.1 0.1-14 S 16.5 2.5-46 2.5-46 12 12.7 0-126 11 16.3 2-83 14 15.8 0.1-68 0.1-68 18 1.3 0.04-40 17 9.6 3 47 15 1.5 _ 25 3.7 0-7 0-7 0-17 153 45 13 5 171 88 257 413.5 0.04-1062 0.04-1062 0.16-3021 0.16-3021 9.592 30-684 831 97 831 91 G 121 25-220 2-490 a REFERENCES 1 Fleischer E. Viles J. Jr. Gade R. L. and Drinker P A Health Survey of Pipe Covering and- Operations in Constructing Naval Vessels Journal of Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology 28 9-16 1946 2. Murphy L. H Jr. Ferms B O. Jr. WA WA al Effects of Low Concentrations of Burgess Asbestos Elined Environmental Radiologic andEpidemiologic Observations in Shipyard Shipyard Pipe Coverers ard Controls New England Journal of Medicine 285 1271-3278 1271-3278 1978 3. Murphy R. L. H. Jr Asbestosis in Pipe Cov- mrs Engaged in New Ship Construction Thesis Marvard School of Public Health 1968 4. Marr W. T Asbestos Exposure During Naval Vessel Overhaul American Industrial Hygiene Associ- _ ation Journal 25 264-268 1964 | 5. Nicholson W. Holaday D. A. and Heimann Direct and H Indirect Occupational Exposure to insu- Tation Dusts in United States Shipyards Proceeding of the International Symposium on Safety and Health in Shipbuilding and Ship Repairing Helsinki 30 August to 2 September 1971. ILO Occupational Safety and Health Series No. 27 27-47 Geneva 1972 6. Balzer L. and Cooper W. C The Work Envi- J. Industriai roniment of Insulating Workers American 1968 Hygiene Association Journal 29 222-227 7. Cooper W. C. and Balzer 3 .. Evaluation and trade control of asbestos exposures in the insulating Wir- International Konferenz ^...ber die biologischen des Asbestos Dresden 22-24 April 1968 kungen 15 Deutsches Zentralinstitute fur Arbeusmedizin pp 160 Holstein and Anspach eds Berlin of in of 2. Cooper C. Asbetas Asbetas in the Manufacture Asbestos Insulation Materials Biological Effects of ARC Lyon France pp 9 Ferris G Jr , . M Ranadive M. V. Peters M Disease et al Prevalence of Chronic Respiratory Asbestosis in Ship Repair Workers Archives of En Health vironmental 23 220-225 1971 in 10. Hames P. .: Asbestos Dust Concentrations in Ship Repairing A Practical Approach to Improving Oc- ~ in Asbesica Hygiene Naval Dockyards Annals of 241-254 cupational Hygiene 14 A Comparison Mass and 11. Harries P. 1971 of Fibre Fibre Shipyard Concentrations of Asbestos Dust in Shipyard Insulado^ Processes Annals of Occupational Hygiene 14 234- 240 1971