Document 5kggmNmDXwO1EmvmMw0vaKJz0

BENZENE AND HEALTH VJOEKBOOK 1973- Howell Corporation, Training Division CONTENTS Page Number Introduction .................................................................................................................................... i How to Use This Program..............................................................................................ii Workbook Exercise 1 1 Workbook Exercise 2 7 Workbook Exercise 3......................................................................................... 11 Workbook Exercise 4 ..... ............................................................................ 21 Reference Section Substance Safety Data Sheet--Benzene ............................................. 27 Substance Technical Guidelines--Benzene........................................2S Medical Surveillance Guidelines for Benzene .... 29 Signs and Labels...................................................................................................................30 Read "Introduction" and "How to Use This Program" before you begin viewing the slide-tape program. MCD 000010852 t INTRODUCTION In 1978, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), a government agency that is part of the Department of Labor, established new standards re garding occupational exposure to benzene. Benzene is a hydrocarbon that can take liquid or vapor form. Medical evidence indicates that benzene can cause health problems, and that job-related expo sures should be reduced below the limits that were previously in effect. If you work in an area where you are, or could be, exposed to benzene, your employer is carrying out a plan to reduce the benzene exposure in your work place, wherever the exposure exceeds limits OSHA specifies. Part of your employer's job in carrying out a benzene health and safety train ing program is training you and other employees about the potential hazards of benzene. This program will discuss those hazards. The program will list the potential health hazards of benzene; describe first aid action for acute exposures; illustrate standard protective equipment that you rray need to wear when working around benzene or benzene products; introduce you to some of the air sampling equipment used to detect airborne benzene concentrations; and name some ways benzene exposure can be reduced or eliminated. The information in this program is presented mainly through color slides and a taped narration. This workbook is used to review what you learn, and as a reference. The reference section at the end of this workbook contains technical and safety information about benzene. A table describing what kind of respirator should be used for what concentration of airborne benzene whenever respiratory protection is necessary is also included in the workbook. When you have com pleted the program, read the reference traterials so you can become more familiar with benzene. At the conclusion of the program, you will take a review test. you retain the important program points. This will help As new information or technical opinions about benzene become available, OSHA may change some of the regulations stated in the 1978 standard on occupa tional exposure to benzene. If this occurs, your company will make you aware of what information stated in this program has changed and should be noted. Go on to the next page. MCD 000010853 SAL 0C0C19677 I HOW TO USE THIS PROGRAM This slide-tape-workbook program is divided into several viewing segments. Each segment is followed by a review in the workbook. A segment lasts about five minutes. After you see the first program segment, you will be asked to turn to a certain exercise in this workbook. Turn to that page and work the exercise beginning on that page. Continue working until you reach these in structions : When you have checked your answers, stop working in your workbook and start the tape. When you reach these instructions, stop working and start the slide-tape again. Repeat the procedure for each workbook period. Read each exercise question thoroughly. Then write your answer in the work book, check off the correct answer, or whatever is required. In order to work the exercises, turn your book like this: Turn the front and back covers together as in Figure 1. The exercise will al ways be on a left-hand page of the book. Place the book on your table or desk so that the left-hand page is facing you. The right-hand pages will contain the answers to the questions on the left-hand page as in Figure 2. After completing all the questions on the left-hand page, check your answers on the 'answer' page. Unless instructed otherwise, con tinue to the next series of questions in the same exercise. Figure 3. When you have completed this program, take this workbook home with you and use it as a reference for information about benzene. MOD 000010854 Close your workbook, start the tape, and view the first proqram seqment- i SAL 00001967a Workbook Exercise Section MCD 000010855 SAL 000019679 Workbook Exercise 1 Check off the correct answers to these questions. learned in the program. They review what you 1. What is OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)? ________ A trade organization for the petroleum industry. ________ A labor union. _________ A government agency that sets standards describing safe working conditions in various kinds of jobs. ________ A private organization that researches job health hazards. 2. The program you are watching describes specific regulations OSHA has developed about: _________ fire protection in places where benzene is produced or used. ________ tank construction for benzene storage tanks. how pipelines should be labeled. how much on-the-job benzene exposure a person may receive. 3. Liquid benzene is: _________ colorless and clear. _________ brown _________ gummy and black, _________ yellow. 4. Benzene is found in paraffinic crude petroleum. _________ True False 5. Which of these is the chemical symbol for benzene? h2s C66 c? 12 h2o _i _ 0000108;. HOD SAL 0C0G19680 I Workbook Exercise 1 Check off the correct answers to these questions. learned in the program. They review what you 1. What is OSHA (Occupational Safety and Health Administration)? A trade organization for the petroleum industry. A labor union. A government agency that sets standards describing safe working conditions in various kinds of jobs. A private organization that researches job health hazards. 2. The program you are watching describes specific regulations OSHA has developed about: _________ fire protection in places where benzene is produced or used. tank construction for benzene storage tanks. t how pipelines should be labeled. how much on-the-job benzene exposure a person may receive. 3. Liquid benzene is: colorless and clear, brown. gummy and black, yellow. 4. Benzene is found in puraCfinic crude petroleum. True Fal se 5. which of these is the chemical symbol for benzene? c H2S C6H6 ^6 MCD 000010857 12 h2o _ o fc \ 00001*5681 6. How can benzene enter your body? Name 3 ways. 7. Benzene is primarily obtained through what process? Catalytic reforming _________ Alkylation _________ Distillation _________ Separation 8. Read the following descriptions of work situations. Decide which ones could involve benzene exposure, based on what you learned in the program. Put a check mark by each description that could expose a worker to benzene liquid or vapors. _________ A technician takes a quality control sample from a pipeline containing benzene, _________ Some maintenance people scrape old paint off a mump and put on a new coat of paint in the ben zene production area of a refinery. _________ A lease operator drops a tape petroleum storage tank to see is in the tank. into a crude how much oil _________ A tank truck driver at a gasoline loading rack couples up the hoses so he can fill his tank trailer with Droduct. MCD 000010858 SAL 0C0C1S682 A l____ 6. How can benzene enter your body? Name 3 ways. You can inhale it. You can swallow it. It can be absorbed through skin contact. 7. Benzene is primarily obtained through what process? Catalytic reforming Alkynation Distillation Separation 8. Read the following descriptions of work situations. Decide which ones could involve benzene exposure, based on what you learned in the program. Put a check mark by each description that could expose a worker to benzene liquid or vapors. >/ A technician takes a quality control sample from a pipeline containing benzene. Some maintenance people scrape old paint off a pump and put on a new coat of paint in the ben zene production area of a refinery. A lease operator drops a tape into a crude petroleum storage tank to see how much oil is in the tank. A tank truck driver at a gasoline loading rack couples up the hoses so he can fill his tank trailer with product. MCD 000010859 -4- C A I nonniocoi Check off the things that are examples of engineering controls that can reduce benzene exposure. Fume hoods in places where benzene is tested Ventilating and exhaust fans Sphere-shaped storage tanks Vapor recovery lines on tank trailers waste -water- treatment Flare stacks Level gages on storage tanks ooooi860 0000196 SAL 9. Check off the things that are examples of engineering controls that can reduce benzene exposure. Fume hoods in places where benzene is tested Ventilating and exhaust fans Sphere-shaped storage tanks Vapor recovery lines on tank trailers Pw--t-r-r t.n'-te water trrl *~TT,e>ri<'-- Flare stacks Level gages on storage tanks MCD 000010861 V?hen you have checked your answers, stop working in the workbook, and view the next program segment. SAL 0CQ0196S5 t VJorkbook Exercise 2 Check off the correct answers to these questions. learned in the program. They review what you 1. What is the main serious health problem that continued, excessive exposure to benzene can cause? ________ High blood pressure Bronchitis or asthma ry\Q-r\Oyin -T!g rippr>>^n of white and red blood cell production Shaking of the hands or feet 2. Medical evidence indicates that chronic benzene exposure may eventually lead to the development of what disease? _________ Emphysema _________ Leukemia _________ Complete paralysis Skin cancer What do we mean by chronic benzene exposure? You are suddenly exposed to a large amount of benzene jenzene exposure above 1 ppm (parts per million). You are continually exposed to benzene over a long period of time. Any benzene exposure that rakes you feel ill. 4. What do we mean by acute benzene exposure? _________ You are suddenly exposed to a large amount of benzene. _________ Any benzene exposure above 1 ppm. You are continually exposed to benzene over a long period of time. _ Any benzene exposure that makes you feel ill. --7-- ^CI) 000010862 SAL 0CQC19636 5 L Workbook Exercise 2 Check off the correct answers to these questions. learned in the program. They review what you 1. What is the main serious health problem that continued, excessive exposure to benzene can cause? High blood pressure Bronchitis or asthma oir n rirf of white and red blood cell production Shaking of the hands or feet 2. Medical evidence indicates that chronic benzene exposure may eventually lead to the development of what disease? Emphysema Leukemia Complete paralysis Skin cancer 3 what do we mean by chronic benzene exposure? _________ You are suddenly exposed to a large amount of benzene. _________ Any benzene exposure above 1 ppm (parts per million). You are continually exposed to benzene over a long period of time. Any benzene exposure that makes you feel ill. 4. What do we mean by acute benzene exposure? >/ You are suddenly exposed to a large amount of benzene. Any benzene exposure above 1 ppm. You are continually exposed to benzene over a long period of time. Any benzene exposure that makes you feel ill. MCD 000010863 "8~ SAL 0C0C19687 I 5. What might happen if youfspill benzene on your skin? Nothing. _________ Your skin will itch, blister and dry out. ________ Acid brown spots will form on your skin. MCD 000010864 -9- SM_ 000019688 I 5. What might happen if you spill benzene on your skin? Nothing. Your skin will itch, blister and dry out. Acid brown spots will form on your skin. When you_have checked your answers, stop working in the workbook, and view the next program segment. -10- HCD 000010865 SAL 0CO019699 I Workbook Exercise 3 1. During an 8~hour work period, you must not be exposed to an average airborne benzene level greater than: ________ 10 pom (parts per million). ________ 100 ppm. ________ 1 PPTM________ .05 ppm. 2. During any one 15-minute period during your work day, you must not be exposed to a benzene concentration greater than: ________ 0.5 ppm. _________ .05 ppm. _________ 1 ppm. ________ 5 ppm. 3. A work area is designated as ''regulated" if the benzene exposure in that area exceeds: 0. 5 ppm. 100 ppm. jplii '1'JAui 5 -ppm c<ai 1 ing^ 1 ppm. 10 ppm. MCD 000010866 -1 SAL OCOGl^O Workbook Exercise 3 1. Daring an 8-hour work period, you must not he exposed to an average airborne benzene level greater than: 10 ppm (parts oer million). 100 pom. 1 ppm. .05 ppm. 2. During any one 15-minute period during your work day, you must not be exposed to a benzene concentration greater than: ________ 0.5 ppm. .05 ppm. 1 ppra. 5 ppm. 3. A work area is designated as "regulated" if the benzene exposure in that area exceeds: 0.5 ppm. 100 ppn. i jij^.i ( mi ^ ceiling. ppm. 10 ppm. ttCD 00l0867 -12- SAf non nicsci 4. Which of these signs indicates a regulated area? Chech the correct drawing. f AB C When air sampling takes place in your work area, you or a representative of you and your coxworkef^: mu sj .eaveN^he area for safety reasons, may observe the air sampling procedures. 6. You must wear a respirator in a regulated area: ________ every time you enter the area. _________ only when a warning light is on. _________ if your supervisor tells you to do so. if the wind is blowing in the direction of your work area. _1 T_ mCD 00001086cSAL 000019692 I 4. Which of these signs indicates a regulated area? Check the correct drawing. 5. When air sampling takes place in your work area,/you or a representative of you and your co-workers: must leave the area for safety Reasons. /y may observe the air sampling^ procedures ' _ 9"tXvw * _ 6. You must wear a respirator in a regulated area: every time you enter the area. only when a warning light is on. if your supervisor tells you to do so. if the wind is blowing in the direction of your vrark area. 000010869 MC.D -14- SAL 000019693 7. What is this device? It takes a urine sample. It holds a blood sample until the sample is taken to a laboratory for tests. It is a portable air pump which is clipped onto a person's clothing and -viorn for 8 bauro- so the air in his v70rk area can be sampled for benzene. It is an analyzer that detects the concentration of benzene in a liquid such as waste water. 8. Check off the equipment that you might need to wear when working around benzene. Respirator Laboratory cloth coat Protective gloves Eye goggles Impermeable boots Grounding protection .'-"fear protectors Splash-proof face shield petroleum jelly Neoprene apron MCD 000010870 -IS- SAL <100i9694 7. What is this device? f It takes a urine sample. t It holds a blood sample until the sample is taken to a laboratory for tests. It is a portable air pump which /is clipped onto a person's clothing aad .1 hours so the air in his work area can be sampled for benzene. It is an analyzer that detects the concentration of benzene in a licruid such as waste water. .8 Check off the equipment that you might need to wear when working around benzene. Respirator Laboratory cloth coat Protective gloves Eye goggles irmeable boots Petroleum jelly vZ s/ Grounding protection Splash-proof face shield Neoprene apron MCD 000010871 -16- SAL 0C0019695 9. When your employer samples the air in your workplace, he will notify you of your benzene exposure, if any: within 5 working days after he receives the results, within 6 weeks of taking the samples. Your employer does not have to report the results to you. 10. if the benzene exposure in your workplace is above 0.5 ppm, your employer will: ________ monitor the air again if an employee requests it. monitor the air periodically, as specified in OSHA's benzene standard. monitor the air every month. monitor the air again only if OSHA specifically requests this. -17- OOOOIOB^ VICO SAL OCOC196^6 I 9. When your employer samples the air in your workplace, he will notify you of your benzene exposure, if any: within 5 working days after he receives the results. within 6 weeks of taking the samples. Your employer does not have to report the results to you. 10. If the benzene exposure in your workplace is above 0.5 ppm, your employer will: monitor the air again if an employee requests it. monitor the air periodically, as specified in OSHA's benzene standard. monitor the air every month. monitor the air again only if OSHA specifically requests this. VThen you have checked your answers, turn to the next page, review the drawings, and read the material on respiratory protection. MCD 000010873 -18- SM- 000015697 RESPIRATORS THAT CAN BE USED FOR BENZENE ENVIRONMENTS -19- MCD 000010874 SAL 000019698 Respiratory Protection The illustrations on the opposite page show five kinds of respirators commonly used in benzene environments. The kind of respirator you use will depend on the concentration of benzene in the air. Like other protective equipment, respirators have limitations. A respirator designed to protect you when the airborne concentration is 10 ppm may not offer much protection if the concentration of benzene in the air is 50 ppm. The cor rect respirator must be worn for the v.ork situation. The fit of a respirator mask is very important. If the mask is loose on the face, or if a beard or your clothing get In the way of a tight fit, the respira tor will not offer much protection. Your company will show you how to use the respirators and other protective equipment that may be required for your particular job at your particular company. All protective equipment is available at no cost to you. The chart below shows what kind of respirator should be used for which kind of benzene environment. RESPIRATORY PROTECTION FOR BENZENE Airborne Concentration of Benzene or Respirator Condition of Use_________________________________________________________________________ Type Less than or equal to 10 parts per million Less than or equal to 50 parts per million Less than or equal to 1,000 parts per million Less than or equal to 2,000 parts per million Less than or equal to 10,000 parts per million Escape (1} any chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor cartridge, or: (2) any supplied air respirator {1) any chemical cartridge respirator with organic vapor cartridge and full facepiece 12) any supplied air respirator with full facepiece (3) any organic vapor gas mask (4) any self-contained breathing apparatus with full facepiece Supplied air respirator with half mask in positive pressure mode Supplied air respirator with full facepiece, helment or hood in positive pressure mode (1) Supplied air respirator and auxiliary self-contained facepiece in positive pressure mode, or: (2) Open circuit self-contained breathing apparatus with full facepiece in positive pressure mode (1} Any organic vapor gas mask, or: (2) Any self-contained breathing apparatus with full facepiece MCD 000010875 Review the respirator illustrations. and the respirator chart. When vou have finished, close vour workbook, and view the next program segment. -20- SAL 000019699 Workbook Exercise 4 Answer the following review questions. 1. If a person swallows benzene, you should: ________ induce vomiting. _________ not induce vomiting. 2. xf you splash benzene on your skin or in your eyes, what should you do first? Put a check mark by the correct drawing. AB C -21- MCD 000010876 SAL 0C001970C Workbook Exercise 4 Answer the following review Questions, 1. If a person swallows benzene, you should: induce vomiting, not induce vomiting* 2. If you splash benzene on your skin or it', your eyes, what should you do first? Put a check mark by the correct drawing. AB C MCD 000010877 -22- SAL 00001S7C1 3. In each of these drawings, a man has suffered acute benzene exposure, and another man is removing him from the exposure area. In which drawing is the rescuer wearing the correct equipment? A _________ B ________ C _________ 4. Whan rescuing a person who has suffered acute benzene exposure, what should you do first? ________ Apply rrouth-to-mouth resuscitation. ________ Remove the person from exposure, and get him to fresh air. _________ Call medical aid and wait for them to assist the affected person. \ o Cjyo.A <2\ 5. if you work around benzene above a-- S^ecl r i nrt rrpn-nrrr 7 iwrl , your employer will periodically make available to you: ________ a personal air sampling device. _________ a new respirator. ________ medical testing. ________ a coster describing the exposure in your vrork area. -oi- MOD 000010875 SAL 00 CC197 02 3. In each of these drawings, a man has suffered acute benzene exposure, and another man is removing him from the exposure area. In which drawing is the rescuer wearing the correct equipment? AB C 4. When rescuing a person vjho has suffered acute benzene exposure, what should vou do first? Apply mouth-to-rciouth resuscitation. to fresh air. Call medical aid and wait for them to assist the affected person. 5. If you work around benzene above a specified exposure level, your employer will periodically make available to you: _________ a personal air sampling device. _ a new respirator. medical testing. _________ a poster describing the exposure in your work area. MCD 000010879 -24- SAL 000019703 What are the main medical tests involved in periodic medical surveillance of benzene workers? Urinalysis and glucose tolerance tests Chest X-rays Two EKGs Blood tests Suppose you are vwrking on a pump and a mechanical failure causes a large amount of benzene to spill on tho ground. You get to fresh air immediately, clean up the spill, and don't feel sick. Still, at the end of your shift, you should: remove your clothing, shower, and put on fresh clothing. write out a report about the spill. report to your company's health unit for a urinary phenol test. have a blood sample taken for blood testing. Any time you are tested as part of a benzene medical surveillance program, the test results will be: _________ kept secret from you. described to you"~-by your health unit. best way to reduce^benzene exposure? Ey wearing a/respirator all the time. By developing"engineering control^. By MTlv! * i7v, fig methods. By yaking more frequent medical surveillance tests of csnzene area employees. MCD 000010880 -25- SAL 00001970^ 6. What are the main medical tests involved in periodic medical surveillance of benzene workers? ________ Urinalysis and glucose tolerance tests ________ Chest x-rays Two EKGs Blood tests 7. Suppose you are working on a pump and a mechanical failure causes a large amount of benzene to spill on the ground. You get to fresh air immediately, clean up the spill, and don't feel sick. Still, at the end of your shift, you should: ________ remove your clothing, shower, and put on fresh clothing. ________ write out a report about the spill. report to your company's health unit for a urinary phenol test. have a blood sample taken for blood testing. 8. Any time you are tested as part of a benzene medical surveillance program, the test results will be: a/ kept secret from you. described to you by your health unit. 9. VThat is tft^ best way t^-'feduce benzene exposure? 's^we^dfing a respirator all the time. loping engineering control better air sampling methods. frequent medical surveillance tests employees. When you have checked your answers, stop working in the workbook, and view the next program segment. mCD 000010881 -26- _ SAL 0000197C5 Reference Section MCD 000010882 t Substance Safety Data Sheet Benzene -27- MCD 000010883 SAL 0CGC1*5707 { Substance Technical Guidelines Benzene -28- MCD 000010884 SAL 00001^708 I Medical Surveillance Guidelines for Benzene -29- MCD 000010885 SAL 0CC019709 1 Signs and Labels This wording is to be posted in regulated areas: L This wording is to appear on labels of all closed containers of benzene and packaged products containing benzene: -30- MCD 000010886 SAL 000019710