Document 5kEa0NQXveQXKp2LVgeo6eEo4
PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT
Industrial Hygiene Digest
INDUSTRIAL HEALTH NEWS LITERATURE ABSTRACTS
MEDICAL ENGINEERING CHEMICAL TOXICOLOGICAL LEGAL
SEPTEMBER, 1965 (VoL 29, No. 9)
1
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION
MXLLON WSRT0T1
4400 TOTH AVZKUX
PTTTMOBQH, PA. 18213
01 132 2799
Industrial
Hygiene
Peatures
Human (actors in industrial medicine are discussed in Abst. No. 836.
A report on health education in industry is given in Abst. No. 837.
Information concerning the treatment of hydrofluoric acid ^urns is given in Abst. No. 871.
Pulmonary styrene vapor retention is considered in Abst. No. 877.
Abst. No. 839 is concerned with grip
A report on cancers in mice from asphalt
measurements as a part of pre-place
fractions is given in Abst. No. 88 3.
ment evaluation.
A case study of so-called pulmonary
thesaurosis from hair sprays is given
Abst. No. 844 presents a study on con
in Abst. No. 884.
tact lenses and the railroad industry.
Consult Abst. No. 894 for data on audio
Abst. No. 853 studies experimental
metry m industry.
lung cancer in hamsters.
Abst. No. 907 describes a search for
See Abst. No. 857 for a description of
some nitro-olefins in polluted air.
experimental emphysema produced in rats by papain.
The alcoholic in industry and the role of the personnel specialist is the title
A report of a typical case of mesh skin
of Abst. No. 925.
grafting is given in Abst. No. 867.
See Abst. No. 927 for a case oftraumatic
Abst. No. 868 investigates the carcino
aneurysm of the axillary artery: a golf
genic action of motor engine oil additives. hazard.
pOUNDATION
pAC TS
A JOINT EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE - BOARD OF TRUSTEES MEETING was held in Mellon Institute on the morning of September 14. Trustees who attended participated in an IHF Medical-Management Discussional that afternoon. Distinguished authorities led discussions on sick absence, group health insurance, data processing of industrial health information, setting of TLV's, effects of carbon monoxide exposure at certain levels (steel manufacturing) and carbon monoxide research (automobile manufacturing). No proceedings or papers will be published. Sponsored by the Foundation s Medical Committee, the discussional has provided the Foundation's staff with guidance in planning future symposia and research in the interest of the membership.
NURSING SERIES BULLETIN NO. 1 is enclosed with this issue of the Digest. An IHF proposal for the follow-up studies mentioned in the Bulletin has been submitted to the National Institutes of Mental Health for possible initiation in 1966. Progress will be reported later.
THRESHOLD LIMIT VALUES FOR 1965 adopted by the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists at their 27th Annual Meeting in Houston, Texas on May 2-4, 1965 appear in this issue of the Digest. Tentative plans for a Discussional early in 1966, will be considered bv the Chemical-Toxicological Committee at the Foundation's Annual Meeting, October 20-21. Those having suggestions or interest in this Foundation activity may wish to communicate with Dr. Joseph Treon, Atlas Chemical Industries, Inc. .Wilmington, Delaware 19899 or Dr John Zapp, Haskell Laboratory, E.I. du Pont de Nemours'( Co. , Wilmington, Delaware 19898, cochairmen of the Committee.
AN ENGINEERING DISCUSSIONAL is tentatively planned for early 1966. Suggestions contained in the questionnaire attached to the Third Quarterly Report have been provided to Dr Cralley, chairman of the Engineering Committee. Additional suggestions may still be forwarded to reach Dr. Cralley, Aluminum Company of America, 1501 Alcoa Bldg., Pittsburgh, Pa. 15219, prior to October 19.
INDUSTRIAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION OF PITTSBURGH-CLEVELAND AREA held its Fall Scientific and annual business meeting on September 24 at Mellon Institute. Dr. deTreville was on the program and spoke on Mental Health Programs and Occupational Health Nursing. "
NEW REPRINT AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST. "Ozone Toxicity Studies; Destruction of Alveolar Septa--a Precursor of Emphysema? P.Gross; L.D. Schecl and H.E. Stokinger. Presented at 7th Conf. Res. in Emphysema, Aspen 1964; Med. thorac. 22, 376-381 (1965).
30th ANNUAL MEETING -- OCTOBER 20.21, 1965 Programs and registration cards have been mailed to all members. This is your meeting and an excellent program has been arranged. Plan now to be with us and let us have your preregistration card as soon as possible.
01 132
2S0O
TABLE OF CONTENTS
THIS ISSUE CONTAINS ABSTRACT NUMBERS 820-928
Pa8e
Threshold Limit Values for 1965--ACGIH.................................................................................
i
News Items............................................................................................................................................
1
Coming Events ........................................................................................................................................ 2
Legal Developments............................................................................................................................... 2
Books, Pamphlets and Notices........................................................................................................... 3
Industrial Medical Practice................................................................................................................ &
Skin Diseases and Burns............................................................................................................................... 12
Chemical Hazards....................................................................................................................................14
Industrial Dusts........................................................................................................................................ 17
Physical Aspects of the Environment.................................................................................................. 19
Radioactivity and X-Radiation................................................................................................................ 20
Environmental Measurements................................................................................................................ 22
Preventive Engineering...............................................................................................................................23
Community Air Hygiene...............................................................................................................................24
Management Aspects....................................................................................................................................26
Accidents and Prevention..........................................................................................................................27
Index.............................................................................................................................................................28
Addresses of Journals Abstracted.......................................................................................................31
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September, 1965 Volume XXIX No. 9
INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE DIGEST Literature and News
Industrial Hygiene Foundation 4400 Fifth Avenue Pittsburgh, Pa. 15213
4
NEWS ITEMS
o20 Safetv Publication.
A new publication devoted to safety and published by the New York State Department
of Labor has been announced by Industrial Commissioner M. P. Catherwood. In an introduction
to the first issue Commissioner Catherwood wrote: "This new publication is dedicated to the
task of focusing attention on this all-important subject. Since the latter part of the 19th Century,
the Department of Labor has been protecting workers in New York State in two ways: by providing
safetv education and engineering services and by enforcing occupational safety and health laws. "
The first issue of Spotlight on Safety was published in March. The second issue was published
in June and is distributed free to interested persons. Names may be placed on the mailing list
nv writing to the Office of Public Information, New York State Department of Labor, State
Office Building Campus, Albany, New York 12226.
-- Safety Mamt. 130, 13 (Aug, 1965)
S2 1 Automobile Manufacturers Association.
An informative 16-page booklet being offered by the Automobile Manufacturers Associ ation (AMA) does two things. First, it is the text of the presentation that AMA made in Detroit on April 7 before the Special Senate Subcommittee on Air and Water Pollution regarding Senate Bill 306 to amend the Clean Air Act. Second, it provides a succinct summary of the conclusions and confusions that have attended the development of automotive air pollution controls m California and elsewhere. The booklet can be had by writing directly to Automobile Manufacturers Association, Inc. , 320 NewCente'r Building, Detroit, Michigan 48202.
-- J. Air Poll. Control Assn. 15, 332 (July, 1965)
s22 Empty Drums May be Fatal.
A warning against using cutting torches on "empty" oil drums was sounded at the
56th National Meeting of the American Institute of Chemical Engineers. Several people in
the United States kill themselves each year by using such devices on drums that apparently
arc empty but which contain lethal amounts of gas, Professor Noel de Nevers, of the Chemical
Engineering Department of the University of Utah, told a symposium on lecture demonstration
experiments. Professor de Nevers' warning was given during presentation of a paper, An
Inexpensive Time Bomb.
Cond. from Safety Maint. 130, 54 (Aug. 1965)
62 3 Professional Engineers Conference.
The 3rd Annual National Conference of Professional Engineers in Industry will be
held October 15 and 16 at the Oklahoma-Sheraton Hotel, Oklahoma City. The sponsor is the
National Society of Professional Engineers. The theme will be Management and the Engineer
m Industry. For further information write the society at 2029 K Street, N. W. , Washington,
D C. 20006.
-- Chem. Eng. News 43, 59 (Aug. 2, 1965)
01 132 25U
1 .
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September, .
824 Society of Toxicology Meeting.
The annual scientific meeting of the Society of Toxicology will be held in Williamsburg. Virginia, on March 14,15, and 16, 1966. Anyone interested may attend. At the 1965 annual meeting, 80 scientific papers in all phases of toxicology were presented. Abstracts of these appeared in the journal of the Society, Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology, Volume 7, pages 478-504 (May, 1965). Papers for the 1966 meeting may be submitted or must be sponsored by members of the Society. Additional information about the meeting may be obtained from the Secretary: Mr. Carrol S. Weil, Mellon Institute, 4400 Fifth Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pa. 15213.
COMING EVENTS
825 Oct. 10-14 Oct. 11-13 Oct. ,11-14 Oct. 12-14 Oct. 12-14
Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct.
15-17 15-22 15-23 17-20 17-21 18-20 18-22 18-22 18-22 18-22
Oct. 19-21 Oct. 20-21
Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct. Oct.
20-22 21-29 22-23 25 25-28 26
Oct. 26-27
Oct. 27-29 Oct. 30-31
Water Pollution Control Federation, Annual Conference, Atlantic City, N. J. American Oil Chemists' Society Fall Meeting, Cincinnati, Ohio. Association of Official Agricultural Chemists, Annual Meeting, Washington, O C Congress on Occupational Health, Indianapolis, Ind. Oak Ridge National Laboratory, 9th Conference on Analytical Chemistry in
Nuclear Technology, Gatlinburg, Tenn. American Heart Association, Bal Harbour, Fla. College of American Pathologists, Chicago, 111. American Society of Clinical Pathologists, Chicago, 111. National Agricultural Chemicals Association, 32nd Annual Meeting, Hollywood, Fla American Society for Microbiology, Washington, D.C. Association of Life Insurance Medical Directors of America, Pasadena, Calif. American Association of Public Health Physicians, Chicago, 111. American College of Surgeons, Annual Clinical Congress, Atlantic City, N. J. American Public Health Association, Chicago, III. Contamination Control Seminar, Sponsored by Rochester Institute of Technology,
Rochester, N.Y. Association of Analytical Chemists, Anachem Conference, Detroit, Mich. Industrial Hygiene Foundation, 30th Annual Meeting, Mellon Institute, Pittsburgh,
Pa. Parenteral Drug Association, Annual Convention, New York, N.Y. American Occupational Therapy Association, Bal Harbour, Fla. American Association of Automotive Medicine, Rochester, Minn. American Association of Poison Control Centers, Chicago, 111. National Safety Council, National Safety Congress and Exhibition, Chicago, 111. American Society of Safety Engineers, Annual Meeting and Conference, Chicago,
111.
Selenium-Tellurium Development Association, Properties and Uses of Selenium and Tellurium, New York, N.Y.
American Cancer Society, New York, N.Y. Conference on Disaster Medical Care, Chicago, 111.
LEGAL DEVELOPMENTS
826 Number of States with Specified Types of Labor Laws in November 1964. Thirty States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico have minimum wage laws
in operation. (Four others have such laws on their statute books, but they are not in operation, i Of the laws in operation, those of 16 States and Puerto Rico apply to persons regardless of sex.
201 132 2812
Industrial Hygiene Digest
Septerr.2 e r .
Twenty set a statutory minimum, and seven now equal or exceed the Federal minimum .vage rate. Forty-seven States, the District of Columbia, and Puerjo Rico have wage payment luv s. and the labor commissioner is specifically authorized to collect wages for the worker :r. 22 of them. Every State, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico has a child labor law; '4 States and Puerto Rico set a basic minimum age of 16 for employment. Forty-six States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico provide mediation services, and m most States there is much activity in this area. Thirteen States and Puerto Rico have labor relations acts. Twenty-five States and Puerto Rico have fair employment practices acts which prohibit dis crimination in employment because of race, creed, color, national origin, and ancestry Seventeen States and Puerto Rico prohibit discrimination in employment because of age. For:.five States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico regulate private employment agencies Forty States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico have laws granting general rulemaxir.g authority in the field of occupational safety and most of these have utilized this authority to con siderable extent. Fortv-six States have laws or regulations for the control of radiation nazaros. 32 of these authorize Federal-State agreements, and 6 of the 32 have concluded such agreements with the Atomic Energy Commission. Every State, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico has a workmen's compensation law, also two Federal laws apply to longshoremen and harsor workers and to Federal employees. Of these 54 laws, 30 are compulsory; 53 apply to a: leas: some occupational diseases, 34 to all occupational diseases.
-- Bureau of Labor Standards, U.S. Dept, of Labor, Bulletin 272,(Nov i-, 1 )o4'
BOOKS, PAMPHLETS AND NOTICES
827 Directory of Safety and Construction Codes U.S.A. States and Cities. K. Siemon. AVAILABLE FROM: Code Publishing Co. , P.O. Box 442, Westfield, N.J. 07091. 264 pp PRICE: S6.80.
A new directory that presents hard-to-find information on the safety and construction
codes and laws adopted and enforced by the states and cities in the U.S.A., is now availab.e
It also lists health regulations applying to the construction industry and to the operation of
industrial establishments. Valuable information may be provided to engineers and plant
managers, contractors, architects, factory and fire insurance companies, and to government
agencies.
-- Safety Mamt. 130, 26 (Aug. 1965)
828 Installations of Bulk Oxygen Systems at Consumer Sites. NFPA No. 566. National Fire Protection Association. AVAILABLE FROM: National Fire Protection Association, 60 Batter.march Street, Boston, Mass. 02110. 10 pp. (1965) PRICE: 50 cents.
A newly revised edition of the NFPA standard for the installation of bulk oxygen systems at consumer sites has recently been released by the National Fire Protection Association. This 1965 text incorporates changes prepared by the Sectional Committee on Industrial Gases under the chairmanship of Myron A. Snell, Hartford Accident and Indemnity Company, and represents extensive updating over the previous edition. New requirements for electrical equipment at bulk oxygen storage areas and new provisions for relief valves for ASME containers are includes in this revised standard. An additional section in the 1965 edition requires noncombustible sur facing for areas where liquid oxygen leakage might occur. "Installation of Bulk Oxygen Systems at Consumer Sites (NFPA No. 566)", formerly also issued by the National Board of Fire Under writers as NBFU No. 566, is now available only in the official NFPA edition.
829 Installation of Sprinkler Systems. NFPA No. 13. National Fire Protection Association AVAILABLE FROM: National Fire Protection Association, 60 Batterymarch Street, Boston. Mass. 02110. 170 pp. (1965). PRICE: Si. 00.
A revised edition of the standard for the installation of sprinkler systems has just beer, issued by the National Fire Protection Association. Extensive changes in the 1965 text of this publication include the addition of a new appendix on indoor general storage and one on wooc omr.j
3.
01 132 2813
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September. :96?
plants. Also added are important new provisions for the permissive use of intermediate or r.;.-.
temperature rated sprinklers in occupancies where it is expected tfiat there will be a fast de--e;o;o.
ing fire or a rapid release of heat. A new section explains why fewer sprinklers opening means !
better pressure arid distribution from those that do open, consequently causing less extensive
'
water damage. This new standard was prepared by the Committee on Automatic Sprinklers,
Cordon F. Price, of the South-Eastern Underwriters Association, Atlanta, chairman. In-
I
stallation of Sprinkler Systems (NFPA No. 13)';. formerly also issued by the National Board
,
of Fire Underwriters as NBFU No. 13, is now available only in the official NFPA edition.
!
s30 Fourth Annual Bio-Environmental Engineering Symposium.' Water and Air Pollution Control.
,
U.S. Air Force School of Aerospace Medicine, Aerospace Medical Division (AF5C1. (Sept .29- j
Oct. 1, 1964). 149 pp.
]
| ;
1
r
i In this Symposium, the Honorable John Steven Monagan reported that water pollution
has become the nation's single most desperate natural resources problem. Colonel Charles C
j
Dills, Strategic Air Command Headquarters' Chief Industrial Hygiene Engineer, reported on
the U.S. Air Force (USAF) program of domestic and industrial waste treatment, tabulating
'
effects of a number of chemicals pn aquatic life. Vernon C. MacKenzie and B.C. Giel, M D. . j
Chief and Assistant Chief, respectively, of the" Division of Air Pollution, U.S. Public Health
'
Service reported on the Federal Clean Air Act and Air Pollution Evaluation Techniques.
Professor Leslie Silverman of Harvard provided a status report on air pollution problems and
controls, including power plant SOg effluent treatment. In his opinion, a 'crash'' training
program is apparently needed to produce the several hundred air pollution control officers
i
which will be required over the next five years.'
USAF Surgeon General Office's Colonel Alvin F. Meyer, Jr. .(Assistant Chief for
Bio-Environmental Engineering and Sciences) ,]spoke on the newly conceived Bio-Medical
!
Sciences Corps. .Other USAF speakers covered research and development of environmental
;
health hazard controls and human factors engineering, considerations of the future. A limited
number of copies of the proceedings of this interesting and timely Symposium may be obtained,
while the supply lasts, by writing Colonel Harold V. Ell ing son, USAF School of Aerospace
j
Medicine, Aerospace Medical Division, Brooks,Air Force Base, Texas. No charge is quoted
-- RTP deT
j
831 Illustrated Guide for Grading Eye Irritation by Hazardous Substances. U.S. Department of
j
Health, Education, and Welfare, Food and Drug Administration. AVAILABLE FROM:
j
Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402.
PRICE; SI. 00.
'
j
The Draize technique for evaluating the irritant capacity of liquids andsolids, based
j
on instillation of the substances into the rabbit eye, has been in use for a number of years. A j
description of the test, including a grading and scoring system, is given in "Appraisal of the
|
Safety of Foods, Drugs, and Cosmetics" published in 1959 by the Association of Food and Drug Officials of the United States. This test has been modified to satisfy one of the criteria ( in Sec. |
191. 1 (g) (3) of. Regulations) for determining .whether or not a substance is an eye irritant under
the Federal Hazardous Substances' Labeling Act. The modified test appears as Sec. 191. 12 of i
the Regulations. As with any test which relies on subjective interpretation, grading of ocular
1
reactions poses a major problem. The purpose of the photographs in this report is to provide
i
guidance-and clarification, so that observers may attain.greater uniformity in grading the severity}
of ocular responses, especially in borderline cases.
'
, ..
--Abstracted from Introduction ;
. -
i
I
.
'
j
832 Steel Mill Ventilation. Committee on Industrial Hygiene of American Iron and Steel Institute.
!
1 18 pp. (May. 1965).
"
!
This publication was prepared by the Committee on Industrial Hygiene with the endorse ment of the Committee on Industrial Relations and the Committee on Manufacturing Problems of | American Iron and Steel Institute. Despite the fact that a considerable body of-knowledge is available today in the field of ventilation for the control of in-plant air contaminants as required
01 132 2814
- 4.
I
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September. 1965
to maintain healthful working conditions at minimal costs, plant engineers too frequently do not
apply such knowledge in the evaluation and solution of employee environmental health problems.
The result is that many ventilation problems are still unresolved in plants, mills and buildings.
This publication is a guide, and does not set forth standards to be followed. Rather, its primary
purpose is the collection, collation and presentation between the covers of a single volume, tne
concepts, principles, formulae and considerations wmch enter into and govern the design, in
stallation and maintenance of ventilating systems which will achieve effective control of in-plant
atmospheres at minimum, cost. A Partial Table of Contents follows:
-- Cond. from Preface
i . Introduction
2. Contaminants: Methods of Generation and Sources in Steel Mills
3. Fundamentals of Air Flow
4. General Ventilation
5. Local Exhaust Ventilation
6. Exhaust Duct Design
7. Supply Duct Design
8. Fans
9. Air and Gas Cleaning
10. Testing
Bibliography
Appendix I - Threshold Limit Values Appendix II- Explosive Limits
This reference volume, is clearly written and illustrated, beautifully printed and bound. It is intended specifically for plant engineering and industrial hygiene engineering
personnel in the steel industry. There is no mention of its general availability and no price
is quoted.
-- RTP deT
833 Occupational Health Practices -- Iron and Steel Industry. Committee on Industrial Health of American Iron and Steel Institute. 95 pp. (May, 1965).
Part of the responsibility for the preservation of health and well-being rests with
the Medical Departments of the various steel companies. How they go about discharging this
responsibility, what are the facilities at their disposal, how their activities fit into the ;eneral
organization of the company, and what are the relations of industrial medical departments and
medical practitioners and organizations outside the mills is the subject of this revised edition
of the book first issued by American Iron and Steel Institute in 1953 under the title STUDY OF
INDUSTRIAL HEALTH PRACTICES FOR THE IRON AND STEEL INDUSTRY. It is anticipated
that this book will be of value to all steel companies in their widespread facilities. It is quite
probable that it will also be of interest to many other industrial operations. The publication
of this book is an indication of the ever growing interest of the iron and steel industry of the
Western Hemisphere in its employees.
-- Cond. from Foreword
In addition to those copies distributed to members of the Institute, copies have in
the past been distributed, on request, to libraries, teaching institutions, professional and
business associations, and individuals interested in Industrial health, both in the United States
and abroad, as long as copies were available. Aside from covering the objectives and functions
of a modern medical program in the steel industry, such subjects as the following are covered
in some detail and excellent clarity of style: Industrial Hygiene Activities, Health Insurance,
Absenteeism, Community Relations, Mental and Emotional Health, and special problems in
volving rehabilitation. The new book, completely revised, beautifully bound, may be obtained
from .the Committee on Industrial Health, American Iron and Steel Institute, 150 East 42nd St. ,
New York, N.Y. 10017 for $2.40.
-- RTP deT
8 34 Progress in Chemical Toxicology. Volume 2. Edited by A. Stolman. AVAILABLE FROM: Academic Press Inc. , 111 Fifth Avenue, New York, N.Y. 10003. 416 pp. (March 10, 1965). PRICE: $14.00
This book is written for the toxicologist, clinical biochemist, pathologist and pharmacologist. It will be of interest to many industrial hygienists because of its discussion of newly developed techniques and methodology of toxicological investigations and their significance
5.
01 132 28ID
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September, 1965 '
Topics included in this volume1 are:
;
*
!
1. The Absorption, Distribution and Excretion of Poisons and their Metabolites.
I
2. Detection of Volatile Organic Compounds and Toxic Cases in Humans by Rapid
j
Infrared Techniques.
.
i
3. An Approach to the Analysis of Biological Specimens for Basic Drugs.
.
4. Rapid Methods of Toxicological Analysis by Ion-Exchange Paper Chromatography
and Ionophoresis.
'
5. Developments in Spectrography: Sample Preparation.
I
6. Thin Layer Chromatography Application in Toxicology.
<
Related information concerning absorption, distribution and excretion of poisons,
is in some instances too brief, e. g. in comparison to Patty' s. thorough coverage (See Industrial ,
Hygiene Digest, Abstract No. 123, page 6, February, 1965).. Mention of Kehoe's work
j
appears restricted, in the index and text, to'the triethyl lead metabolite of tetraethyl lead
j
(page 160). No reference is made in the author index to either Browning's comprehensive
;
review Toxicity of Industrial Metals" or to Patty's excellent reference text. The volume is
j
not recommended as a basic industrial hygiene reference text, but as a "yearbook of technical
progress. ' Inclusion of certain Threshold Limit Values (TLV's) from those published by the
!
American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) in 1963 will require early
revision, as certain materials, such as phosgene and carbon monoxide, have already been
t
lowered in subsequent ACGIH publications. (TLV's for 1965 reproduced on page i, this issue
of Digest).
--RTPdeT
INDUSTRIAL MEDICAL; PRACTICE
835 The Utilization of Employee Health Service in Hospitals. An Analysis of 40,000 Patient Visits. C. E. Lewis. Arch. Environmental Health 11, 16-21 (July, 1965).
Information has been collected on 40,000 consecutive visits to the Health Service for ;
employees and students at the University of Kansas Medical Center. Twenty-four hundred
j
employees made approximately 11,000 visits per year. The average annual number of visits
per employee increased for a period of at least three years following the institution of an
occupational health service. Now, each employee makes about five visits per year. The
!
average number of immunizations, skin tests and x-rays and laboratory tests per employee are
reported according to hospital departments. Approximately 4% to 7% of all visits resulted in
an employee being temporarily removed from duty. The cost of such a comprehensive occupational
health program within the Medical Center environment was approximately $15 per employee
per year.
- - Cond. from author's summary j
836 Human Factors in Industrial Medicine: The Challenge of the Industrial Health Professions.
j
Reviews of a Symposium. J.S. Felton: J.Occ. Med. 7, 189-192 (May, 1965).
i .
"
i
Any consideration of the human factors involved in today's work force requires the
|
capabilities of a sophisticated occupational health team, whose skills will be challenged' even
more in .the future because of the changes in industry's population configuration and production
methodology. Whether the combined efforts of an enlightened management'group, a knowing
medical and paramedical organization, and a different kind of labor body can retain for all the
emotional satisfactions derivable from work can be told only when the next decade has filled
its place in history.
- - Author's summary i
01 132 2816
6.
Industrial Hygiene digest
?epterr.oe r , , ini
a3 7 Health Education in Industry. Potential and Practice. Ind. Med. h Surg. 34, 363, 366-570 (July, 1965).
Lorraine V. Klermar.. *
Four hundred thirteen blue collar and clerical workers in- eight industrial plants .v.th
a wide range of health programs were interviewed to determine their contact with various
olant health educational programs and the impact of such programs on their level of health
information. This study indicates that an improvement in methods is necessary if health
education is to realize its potential role in industry. For example, effectiveness probably
vould be increased if greater stress were placed upon person-to-person techniques utilizing
the industrial physician and nurse. More attention should also be given to the problem of
designing materials which will be of interest to older persons, those with less education, and
those with language difficulties. Good health education programs are not accidental or
haphazard, nor can they depend exclusively on an erratic supply of materials from outside
the plant, as is so often the case at present. Superior health education programs in industry,
as elsewhere, must be planned.
-- Cond. from author's summon
old Implementing Improvements in An Outpatient Department. Arch. Environmental Health 11, 22-27 (July, 1965).
W.R. Tucker, etal.
As a result of the study assessing the value of the periodic examination of outpatients undertaken by Lasnof and Turner at Presbyterian-St. Luke's Hospital in Chicago, it became apparent that the outpatient clinic itself required periodic evaluation. This evaluation led to changes and innovations in the following areas: (l) broadening the scope of a new patient work up; (2) instituting periodic physical examinations for patients in the medicine clinics; (3) co ordination of services m the management of the patient; (4) medical student assignments; (5) establishment of a diagnostic index; (6) the establishment of a quarterly chart review by the physicians and students; (7) the design of a mechanical system for the storage of medical and financial information; and (8) the design of a medical care check list. It was not possible to document improvement in the level of medical care as a result of these innovations. This may be due in part to our inability to accurately define and measure the level of medical care. However, it was felt that such measures can lead to improvements in medical care.
-- Authors' summary
839 Grip Measurements as a Part of the Pre-Placement Evaluation. H.M. Patterson. Ind. Med. it Surg. 34, 555-557 (July, 1965).
The preplacement evaluation should include grip measurements, a record of which is
the major hand and a detailed history of any hand or upper extremity injury. The premise
grip m major hand equal grip in minor hand plus 10f" is so inaccurate it should be discarded
The fairest means of determining grip loss following a specific injury is to use the ratio of the
grip in major hand compared to that in the minor hand prior to the injury and by using this
formula determine what the grip in the injured hand should be, the difference being the actual
grip loss. The dynamometer used should be the one preferred by your State Industrial
Accident Commission. The author feels that the Jamar dynamometer is the best available
instrument.
,
-- Author's summary
840 The Overweight Problem. J.H. Hutton. Ind. Med. it Surg.
623-627 (Aug. 1965).
In most cases we do not know the cause of obesity. There probably are multiple etiological factors. Patients must expect to diet the rest of their lives. This does not mean that they must be on a semi-starvation diet. It merely means that they must watch the amount of food they eat, weigh themselves frequently and skip a meal whenever they gain two pounds. Endocrine disorders are often found in connection with obesity. Whether this is a cause-andeffect relationship or merely coincidental is not known. However, treatment of the endocrinopathy seems to help patients lose weight. Patients have a choice of programs and the doctor should select that one which is most likely to fit the patient. Moreover, be kind to fat people --their condition is not their fault but their misfortune.
-- Cond. from author's summary
01 132 2817
Industrial Hygiene Digest
: September. 1965
341 En> ironment in Relation to :G'ynecqlogic- disease. -;'Mary DeWitt Pettit., ' ' "
Arch. Environmental Health 11, l I6il26 (July, 1965).' \
;
Woman as well as man* is .intimately affected by psychological, educational, cultural,
genetic, hormonal, nutritional, .environmental factors and infectious disease from conception
through birth toldeath. "Gynecologic complaints.mirror the woman's personality traits, cultural,
hereditary, and physical, background.,: 'Environmental factors* such as infections, exposure to '
noxious'agents', and malnutrition'are preventable m the ideal society. With the increasing
'manipulation of'environmental factors possible in our time, one would hope for increasingly
effective'preventive medical efforts. There are 64 references.
- - Author' s summary
342 The Midwell Seminars: A'Report on Industrial 'Psychiatry for Small Industries. R. Crawshaw'. A,'rch. Environmental Health 11,.'.92-97 (July, 1965).
A series of seminars'were conducted for five .small manufacturing firms. The seminar 1
focused on human behavior concepts, infan. attempt to help'the management of these rapidly
1
growing firms anticipate'and,deal with problems which could .be.distorting and crippling m the
I
later development,of the firms... Psychoanalytic: knowledge wasrelied on, the format was lecture- {
group discussion and summation, As,judged bylthe response of the'participants and staff, the . {
seminars were successful.
* '
-- Author's conclusion
j
843 Tension Myositis. H. J. Flax. Ind. Med., ii Surg.558-561 (July, M965). .
Tension myositis is the resultant of poor'body mechanics, weakened muscles, and
>. occupational strain in ernptionallyiunstable individuals. The main symptom is muscle pain-,
which may be localized or referred and may completely incapacitate some patients. The referred
... Ipain follows a' definite pattern from localized primary and sometimes secondary trigger points. !
Treatment consists .in-reassuring die patient thait he has no organic disease such as arthritis
or cancer, correction of poor,body posture, .strengthening weakened muscles, and increasing
impaired joint motion. The trigger'areas may be injected with 1 % procaine hydrochloride
solution to break up the vicious'circle producing pain.' Symptomatic therapy should not be
emphasized, and mechanical!,supports should not'be prescribed. Ataraxic drugs muddle the
mind, and if they! are given in dosage sufficient to.produce muscle relaxation, most patients
complain of somnolence. Most`important, however, is to discuss the principal underlying
cause of this condition--the'anxiety tension state producing this psychophysiological syndrome.
The patient must be made to understaind that once he has developed emotional security,, this
maturity wilLcure his symptoms.
' '. V
.
.!*.
r --Author's summary
i '
* <J . -' ' ` ; - . ' ,<
844 Contact Lenses, and the Railroad Industry!. C. J.* Black.' Ind. Med. < Surg. 34, 632-635 (Aug. 1965).'
There is at present some confusion as to the procedure for fitting and the design and
care of the contact lens.: There is the problem of the change in shape of the cornea resulting
in an inability to use spectacle's in; conjunction with:contact lenses, particularly in cases of
emergency. Corneal contact lenses are prohibitive in'certain dusty environments. They also
may not produce, as good visual acuity^as spectacles, and lastly they do cause moments of
`discomfort no'matter how many years the lenses have been worn. They have utility in that they
can be substituted for,spectacles, and'in so doing may `be of aid to morale. Only in special
eye problems, such as keratoconus and'aphakia;,> do they have more value than spectacles, and
then only if Uie vocation is suitable, !
,
' .i. Author' s summary
845 New Aspects of Mycobacterial Skin Tests. III. Simultaneous or Sequential Infection with
Different Mycobacteria'. W. W. Johnston, et al..
Arch. Environmental Health 1 1, 37-49 (July,''19,65): !
,
A method of Skin testing in man which utilizes multiple PPDs administered in duplicate
and read by comparison has been'proposed as a'practical substitute for the scattergram type
of testing employed with the experimentally infected guinea pigs.
> y
-- Cond. from authors' summary
* 01 132 2813
Industrial Hygiene Digest
Septerr.oe r , .
846 The Cultivation of a Novel Type of Common Cold Virus in Organ Cultures.
D.A.J. Tyrrell and M.L. Bynoe. Brit. Med. J. 1, 1467 (June 5, 1965).
~
*
Colds developed when volunteers treated with dimethylchlortetracycline were giver,
the filtered nasal washings from a boy with a cold; no colds developed if the washings were
treated with ether. The virus in the washings would not grow in any of a variety of tissue
cultures or in embryonated eggs, but was regularly propagated in organ cultures of human
fetal tracheal epithelium. The colds produced by washings and culture fluids were similar
and in the aggregate, distinct from those produced by M rhinoviruses. The sera of a few
infected volunteers showed small rises in antibody titer against influenza C and Sendai '.irises,
but most showed no rise to ether-labile human respiratory viruses. There were slight
degenerative changes in infected organ cultures, and marked resistance to the growth ot
another virus-virus interference.
-- J. Am. Med. Assn. References & Reviews
647 Refractory Heart Failure. R.H. Seller, et al. J. Am. Med. Assn. 193, 147-148 (July 12, 1965).
When dealing with refractory heart failure, the physician should first secure a complete
and accurate diagnosis. Then all remedial cardiac and extracardiac conditions should b.e
corrected. Next, he should attain optimal conditions for diuresis by establishing electrolyte
balance, full digitalization, and complete bed rest. Once these conditions have been achieved,
diuresis in patients with so-called refractory edema can usually be achieved by using multipie
diuretic regimens including parenterally administered mercurials, potent orally administered
sulfonamide diuretics, and antialdosterone agents with acidifying drugs and other substances
which potentiate diuretic activity. Dialytic procedures and radioactive iodine therapy are
occasionally useful.
--Authors' summary
848 The Electrocardiogram and Ischemic Heart Disease in Aircraft Pilots. G.W. Manning. Can. Med. Assn. J. 93, 158-160 (July 24, 1965).
A review of the Royal Canadian Air Force electrocardiographic (ECG) program for
selection of aircrew and detection of coronary disease in trained aircrew is presented. Twentv
reported cases of death due to coronary disease in pilots while at the controls of an aircraft
are reviewed. The use of routine electrocardiography in the selection of aircrew has proved
to be of considerable value, particularly in view of the high cost of training. The ECG continues
to be the most sensitive means of detecting asymptomatic coronary disease in aircrew personnel
It is apparent that from both the military and commercial standpoint the incidence of aircraft
accidents due to coronary disease is extremely small. This is due m large part to the careful
medical supervision of flying personnel including the routine use of electrocardiography in the
assessment of flying fitness of aircrew.
-- Author's abst.
849 Causes of Death in Acute Leukemia. A Ten-Year Study of 414 Patients from 1954-1963. E.M. Hersh, et al. J. Am. Med. Assn. 193, i05-109 (July 12, 1965).
Major causes of death m acute leukemia were infection in 70% of patients and hemorrhage
in 52%. In 38% of the patients there was more than one cause of death. Striking changes took
place during the 10-year-study period. Fatal hemorrhage declined to nearly half the early rate,
and fatal staphylococcal infection from 23.5% u 3.1%. At the same time fatal infections due to
fungi increased from 8.2 % to 23.2%>.
-- Authors' abst
850 An Outbreak of Hepatitis Traced to Food Contamination. P. R. Joseph, et al. New Engl. J. Med. 273, 188-194 (July 22, 1965).
Between November 23 and December 16, 1961, 22 officers and one enlisted man at a naval air installation contracted infectious hepatitis. All officers had eaten at the dining room of the Bachelor Officers' Quarters on October 26 and 27; this was the only activity common to those who became ill. One hundred and sixty-two officers ate one or more of the suspect meais
9. 01 132 2813
Industrial Hygiene.Digest
September, i.965
Follow-up information was obtained on 1'58. , FOodlquestiOhnaVres revealed that none of the
j
23 denied having eaten potato salad at the dining-room', nhereas !5/i of.the 136 others who aid <
not acquire hepatitis indicated that they had not eaten potato salad. It was concluded that the disease;
was primarily spread through* potato salad. . A, salad handler with minor-illness in October,
!
perhaps anicteric hepatitis, v'who; evidenced unusual behavior relating to urination, was considered to be the likely, source'-'of contamination. .'The mechanics of contamination are obscure although 1 fragmentary evidence sUggestVthat salad dressing, perhaps-contaminated by uruie, may have {
b.eennhe specific-responsible ingredient. The .one case in an enlisted man occurred in a man J
assigned to the.salad 'makers', unit .and thus was perhaps peripherally related to the outbreak.
j
There are, Z1 references. '
[i,
i,"
Authors' summary i
551 Disc Surgery and Chronic Low-Back Pam. ;M.l. Rowe. J. Occ. Med*. T, 196-303 (May, 1965). . ,
The similarities m age,. history of back .condition, mode,of onset of symptoms
physical signs.; and x-ray and Laboratory characteristics,between a study group of 160,'men witn !
proved'disc protrusions and a'previously reported.undiagnosed group of patients with chronic ' j
low-back problems were striking tand-tended to.fortify the Opinion that the most common cause j
of nonspecific, low-back painiis degeneratibn.of the intervertebral disc, in its earlier or milder. j
. stages. Hernia occurred'more than twice as'frequently among-men with proved disc disturbances;
as it did in a survey group of rnale^employees of comparable age doing the same types of work |
in the same plant. This observation-is subject both to genetic and to mechanistic interpretations,!
as is the fact that the men in- the. disc "group.avieraged nearly 3-inches taller than their fellow
workers. Furtherr;clinical,observations and a'refined knowledge of chomosome.mapping may
/provide clarification of the meaning of these fir.uings. The end-result statistics cannot be
' compared with those reported in other studies because of the manner of selection of cases
and the criteria used in this study for end-resuit rating. It is hoped that these statistics may
give the industrial physician some, idea of what to expect in terms of time lost from work
and the probabilities of permanent job restriction when disc operation-is required. Some of
the correlations between end results and.other factors seem to carry valid prognostic information
and a few of them..may haveTsome therapeutic implications of.value. Six'references are given.
;,
", - '
-' ". ''
-.
'. ;
-- Author's summary
852 Histologic Changes-in,Esophagus in Relation to Smoking Habits. O. Auerbach, et'al.
Arch. Environmental Health* 1.1,15.(July, 1965). .
' `
A microscopic study was.made of 12,598 sections of esophagus from 1,268 men who
died and were brought to autopsy at the Vete'rans Administration'Hospital, East Orange. N. J.
The smoking habits of these men were ascertained by interviewing their relatives. Epithelial
cells with atypical nuclei,.were .found far'more ^frequently in cigarette smokers than in non-
smokers; they increased in frequency with amount of cigarette smoking and with age and were
found more frequently in ex-cigarette smoker s;tHan in nonsmokers. Epithelial cells with dis
integrating, nuclei' were^found primarily;'in'-.ex-cigarette smokers. . Basal cell hyperplasia of the
epithelium was found more frequently in cigarette smokers than in nonsmokers and increased
.with amount of .cigarettejsmoking. Hyperactive glands'were found more frequently in cigarette
smokers: than in nonsmokers. Cellular infiltration of the wall tended-to be somewhat more
pronounced and'ulceration; tended to occur somewhat more often in nonsmokers than in cigarette
smokers.
i ,
-*'
'---'Authors1 summary
853 Experimental Lung Cancer in Hamsters. Repetitive Intratracheal Applications of Two .
I
Carcinogenic Hydrocarbons. ..P:,-Gross', Ethel Tolker, Mary A. Babyak, and Marianne Kaschak.j Arch. Environmental Health ! I ,;59:f65 (july, 1965). ; Reprints Available from Industrial Hygiene
Foundation Upon Requests
v.
j,^i-
- -
j
Hamsters weire<given*4.to-13 intratracheal applications of 9,10.dimethyl-1, 2-benz
anthracene in mineral'qil'in.doses of !00 microgram.S; over periods from 4 to 16 months. Of
j.
.14 hamsters-.suryiving 4 months or longer after the initial dosage, 8 or 57% developed a tracheal;
or peripheral Lung cancer,.Other hamsters' given the* same carcinogen in gelatin-or 3,4-benz(a) :
pyrene in either mineral oil or .gelatin intratracheally developed respiratory tract tumors with a j
significantly smaller rate .of occurrence.; This method of, repetitive intratracheal application of !
carcinogens vs of doubtful* value because it is, associated with a'mortality* rate of 60% prior to thej
development of the first .tumor(at 4 months). ;
;- .
.--Authors' summary I
10.
61 132 2820
Industrial Hygiene Digest
Septe.-roe.-,
854 An Epidemic of Streptococcal Wound Infections. R. W. Qumn and J. W. Hillman. Arch. Environmental Health 11, 28-33 (July, 1965).
4
This paper presents the epidemiologic, clinical and bacteriologic findings of a small
epidemic of surgical wound infections due most likely to a single strain of group A hemolytic
streptococci. The source of infection for four of the five patients was one of the members of
the surgical operating team who had a streptococcal infection at the time he assisted at the
operations. The mode of transmission would appear to be direct contamination of the open
wound from streptococci expelled through the surgical mask of a surgical assistant. The
surgeon himself was infected after changing the dressings of one of the patients. The lesson
;o be Learned from this outbreak is that no one with a streptococcal infection should perform
surgical procedures and that gauze masks are inefficient in protecting the environment from
hemolytic streptococci.
-- Authors' summary
8 55 Reactions to Tetanus-Diphtheria Toxoid (Adult). C . W. Sisk and C . E . Lewi s .
Arch. Environmental Health
34-36 (July, 1965).
A survey of the incidence of reactions to combined diphtheria-tetanus toxoid containing
Z Li of diphtheria toxoid and 20 Lf of tetanus toxoid per ml. was accomplished in 50 consecut:-. e
new employees seen in a Hospital Health Service. Nine per cent local reactions and iess than
0.8% systemic reactions were noted. Previous studies have indicated this dosage to be effective
m producing adequate concentration of antitoxin. Evidence from this series indicates that this
combined toxoid is a safe, routine immunizing agent in adults and does not require cumbersome
preinjection screening with Schick or Moloney tests.
-- Authors' summary
85 6 Lack of Effect of Two Hexachlorophene-Containing Soaps Under Norma. Hospital Working Conditions. C.R. MacPherson, M.F. Sparkman, and D. R. Whitney. Am. J. Surg. 109, 699-704 (June, 1965).
Two soaps containing 0.5% and 2.0% hexachlorophene, respectively, were compared with a standard hard bar soap for a 5-week period. It was found that with normal hospital usage, neither of the soaps containing hexachlorophene offers any detectable advantage over the standard hard bar soap in the reduction of the superficial skin flora. There was neither a rapid fall in bacteria counts in the first week nor a progressive fall over the five weeks of the experiment. A statistical analysis of all possible factors including climatic variation showed no association which could explain this lack of effect. The authors did not test liquid hexachlorophene preparations the disinfectant effects of which are firmly established. Contact with water precipitates hexachlorophene and prevents its transfer from soap to skin.
-- J. Am. Med. Assn. References tt Reviews
857 Experimental Emphysema. Its Production with Papain in Normal and Silicotic Rats.
P. Gross, E.A. Pfitzer, Ethel Tolker, Mary A. Babyak, and Marianne Kaschak.
Arch. Environmental Health 11, 50-58 (July, 1965). Reprints Available from Industrial Hygiene
Foundation Upon Request.
t '
The intratracheal injection of papain produced emphysema in all rats so injected. The emphysema, initially purely of centrilobular type, was demonstrable within six hours after the papain injection. The severity and extent of emphysema tended to vary from animal to animal, even with the same dose level of papain and the same survival time, but the im pression was gained that, in general,, the disease was more severe and of mixed, centrilobular and panlobular, character with larger dosage or longer survival. The papain-induced emphysema resembled clinical emphysema not only in its centrilobular and panlobular forms, but also in the occurrence of alveolar destruction without an associated inflammatory reaction. Severely silicotic lungs were less susceptible to the development of papain-induced emphysema than normal lungs. There was also a significantly greater tolerance of silicotic rats to intratracheal papain than was the case with normal rats. The papain-induced emphysema, in its early stages, exhibits three stigmata in thin histologic sections that are indicative of alveolar destruction. These are the presence of alveolar spurs, of fore-shortened T- or inverted L-shaped structures, and of
II.
1 132 2821
Industrial Hygiene Digest
i September. :965t
acute,angulation of septa, often forming angles of less than 30* with the alveolar floor. The.
mitiallocalization of the papain-induced emphysema to.the respiratory-bronchiole and adjoining
alveolar ducts' is explained on^the basis that the proximal-portions of the primary lobule are
the most vulnerable to<noxious agents.- Reasons are advanced for'the greater vulnerability
of this - region, to damage -from.noxious materials. ` This method may prove to be a usefultooi
for the study of factors that-may .be thought, to-aggravated emphysema. There are 13 references.
>'
v
Authors' summarv
SKIN DISEASES AND BURNS
858 Cutaneous Carbohydrate Studies: Glucose Content of Skin of Back of Normal Persons. E.S. Peterka and R.. M4 Fusaro. J. Invest. iDermatol. ,44, 381 (June, 1965).
The average glucose, content of the skin, of the back of 24 subjects'free of diabetes and.other diseases was determined in the; fasting state by the glucose oxidase method, and it was found to be 40 to 50 mg./100 gm. wet weight of skin. This'figure is.lower than any other in previously reported studies:'. The'ratio of-'the skin'glucose, to blood glucose was 55%, which appears to be consistent with other-reports.;,!'-- J.-Am`.';Med. Assn. References & Reviews
859 Contact Dermatitis from Synthetic;Oil of Mustard.
Arch. Dermatol. 90, 158 (1964).:
~' | "
I_. E. Gaul.
. A Negro patient developed an acute contact dermatitis from a household liniment.
Patch-testing to all the ingredients showed that synthetic oil of mustard was the sensitizer.
A patch test with 'O. 1 % oil'of mustard gave a positive reaction. The principle ingredient of-
synthetic oil of mustard is' allylisothiocyanate.
.
.
-- J. Occ. Med. Absts.
860 Vesicant Dermatitis Due to Prairie-Crocus (Anemone Patens L.) . Arch. Dermatol. 90, 168 (1964).
T.H. Aaron and E.L. Muttitt.
The prairie crocus has been used as a folk remedy for-many.years. It contains
an active vesicant principle'. It-should be considered in a differential diagnosis of any
vesiculating dermatitis, especially in prairie areas.'
- J.-Occ. Med. Absts.
861 Insect-Sting; Allergy. 'Questionnaire Study of'2,606 Cases. Insect Aliergy Committee of the American Academy of Allergy. - J. Am. Med;. Assn. ,193, .115-120 (July 12, 1965).
Analysis of questionnaires, from 2,60,6'per sons-sensitive to insect sting reveals an expectancy of progressively severe reactions' in about 65% of persons not hyposensitized.
Following hyposensitization, reactions to subsequent stings are reduced in about 90% of treated
,.persons. Protection may be maihtained- for .years or may be lost in less than a year. Pro gressively severe reactions to stings are- uncommon following recent adequate hyposensitization Hyposensitization is recommended for persons who-have had any degree of systemic sensitivity [ following an insect sting. Epinephrine is the)primary!-drug of choice for treatment of an acute, j
immediate reaction to inspect sting.
v '
'
; -- Authors' summary i
862 Itching Eruption in-Miners Caused by a Rare -Beetle (Triboleum Castaneum).
Brit. J. Dermatol. 76, 388 (19^4). 1
' .
.
I I D. M. Williamson)
1 ' Coal miners engagedTn the filling of sacks with'broken rocks developed a parasitic
papular eruption mainly of the trunk: It was shown that;there,.was an associated infestation
of the jute sacks by the beetle: Tribolcum castaneum.
,> -- J. bcc. Med. Absts.
r. .12.'
01
132
2822
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September, .365
8 63 Serum Sickness and Recurrent Angioedema After Bee Sting. R. K. Sheehan.
J. Am. Med. Assn. 193, 155-156 (July 12, 1965).
t
A case of recurrent angioedema and serum sickness following a bee sting is presentee.
Other atypical sensitivity reactions to Hymenoptera stings as recorded in the literature are
briefly mentioned.
-- Author's summary
664 Incidence of Contact Sensitivity in Atopic Dermatitis. S. Epstein and A.H. Mohajerm. Arch. Dermatol. 30, 284 (1964).
The general belief that a contact dermatitis occurs rarely, or certainly not more
frequently, in patients with atopic dermatitis than-in normal individuals is challenged. One
hundred patients with atopic dermatitis were compared to 100 patients with psoriasis and 20
with acne. It was found that 28T0 of the atopies and 9% of the psoriatics had significant contact
sensitivities to coal tar. The incidence of contact dermatitis in patients with atopic dermatitis
is due to increased exposure and to a constitutional factor. The presence of contact dermatitis
in patients with atopic dermatitis should be appreciated and promptly diagnosed since it may be
of the greatest help to the patient.
-- J- Occ. Med. Absts
865 i-incomycin in Dermatologic Practice. B. Kanee. Can. Med. Assn. J. 9^, 220-222 (July 31, 1965).
In clinical studies with a new oral antibiotic, lincomycin, excellent results were obtained in the treatment of carbuncles, furuncles, folliculitis, cellulitis, lymphangitis, lymphadenitis, pyonychias and dermatitis infectiosa eczematoides due to coagulase-positive Staphylococcus aureus and to Streptococcus hemolyticus Type A. Encouraging results were noted in a small series of acne conglobata (cystic acne). Loose stools and diarrhea were frequently encountered but these symptoms abated when the dosage was reduced.
- - Author' s abst.
866 Oxygen Bandage and Asiaticoside in Treatment of Burns. J.A. Gravel. Laval Med. 36, 413-415 (May, 1965).
Oxygen bandage and administration of asiaticoside (Madecassol) were employed m the treatment of three severely burned patients. This open method of therapy consists in suspending the burned limb in plastic sacs filled with pure oxygen. An oxygen tent is used when the burns are present over the entire body. The favorable effect of asiaticoside was evidenced in all patients by the rapid healing of burns. The occurrence of infection, which causes high mortality among patients treated by conventional methods, was never noted in this study.
-- J. Am. Med. Assn. References & Reviews
867 Mesh Skin Grafting. Report of a Typical Case. J.C. Tanner, Jr., J.J. Vandeput, and
W.H. Bradley.
J.Occ. Med. 7, 175-176 (May, '1965).
The mesh skin graft offers a new technique of resurfacing denuded areas. By this method, a split-thickness sheet of skin is transformed into a mesh of skin by using a Meshgratt dermatome. (Illustrated in the report). This instrument consists of two 4-inch rollers, one knurled and the other with multiple parallel cutting blades with staggered gaps. The splitthickhess skin graft is turned between the rollers, producing multiple staggered cuts, so that when the graft is expanded, a mesh is produced. Meshing allows the skin graft to expand moderately, to have complete drainage, to have increased edge exposure for epithelial growth, and to regain area loss in shrinkage when a graft is removed. These qualities are most important in therapy of burns, and in the case described, mesh grafting allowed early and uneventful skin coverage of a major burn in a 5-year-old child. A 30% third-degree burned area was grafted with a 10% donor area with immediate good results. This new method of skin grafting is being used in several major medical centers and evaluation of the results will be subsequently reported.
13.
01 132 2823
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September. 1965
CHEMICAL HAZARDS
468 Carcinogenic Action of Motor Engine. Oil-Additives. R.'W. Baldwin, G.J. Cunningham,'
j
and D. Pratt. Brit. J. Cancer 19. 503-507 (Sept.1,964).
j
J Examination of component fractions of a.rpr'oprietary'.engine oil additive previously '
shown to be carcinogenic for mouse skin has.demonstrated that the carcinogenic substances
>
are contained almost exclusively in the base oil;' A further additive agent used mainly as
an upper cylinder lubricant also proved to be carcinogenic for mouse skin. The significance
of the findings are discussed, particularly with-regard to the possibility that these substances
may be atmospheric pollutants. There are 13 references. .
-- Public Health Eng. Absts..
869 Synergism Among Oral Carcinogens III. Simultaneous Feeding of Four Bladder Carcinogens to Dogs. W.B. Deichmann, et al. Ind.Med.. ii Surg. 3$, 640-649 (Aug.'1965).
Each of four bladder carcinogens was fed individually by capsule to female beagle
dogs over a period of three years (31-37 months) (1.0 mg./kg./dog, five times a week).
|
2-Naphthylamine: 4. 7-9.3 g. /dog (0. 55-0. 77 g. /kg. /dog), six dogs: no neoplasia. 4-Amino-
j
biphenyl: 5.4-7. 3 g./dog (0.66-0.74 g-/-kg:/dog), six'dogs: each showing either one or several
papillomas or carcinomas. 4-Nitrobiphenyl:5.2-7.6 g. /dog (0.68-0.75 g./kg; dog, six dogs:
[
no neoplasia. Benzidine: 4;. 8-8.5 g./dog (0. 6.0-0. 74 g. /kg./dqg), six dogs; 'no neoplasia. Each , i
of another group of female beagle dogs received ;by capsule. 1.0 mg./kg. of each of these four
{
compounds or a total of 4.0 mg./kg./dog, five times a week. Total dose: 19.7-40.8 g./dog
(2.08-3.92 g./kg./dog). Six dogs: five developed papillomas or carcinomas, one dog remained
negative. The carcinogenic action of 2i-naphthylamine:v .4-aminobiphenyi, 4-nitrobiphenyl and
!
benzidine are not additive when fed together, each in a.dose of. 1.0 mg./kg./dog. 4-Aminobi-
phenyl is very considerably more carcinogenic-to,the urinary bladder of the beagle dogs than previously reported. It,is definitely more carcinogenic than 2-naphthylamine, 4-nitrobiphenyl
or benzidine.
"
--/."'j'
.
--'Authors' conclusion
870 Safe Handling of Phosphorus. R.E.- LeMay and,1/. K. Metcalfe. Chem. Eng. Progr. 60, 69-73 (Dec.. 1964).
Operating'experience is related: Production, piping, pumping, measurement, metering,
storage, transportation,'maintenance, sampling, and safety. Emphasis is given'to the electric
furnance method of production, and handling phosphorus' in' the'molteii state when it is spontaneously
flammable and toxic. The .phosphate ore is.reduced with carbon with silica. -Dust removal process and centrifugal separation of phosphorus are explained'.' ' .Waste sludge--about 4% phosphorus--is !
burned in a phosphoric acid unit. --Elemental phosphorus is shipped in insulated and heated tank j
cars. Six figures show process7and operating features.
'
-- Public Health Eng. Absts. '
871 Treatment of Hydrofluoric Acid Burns. J.M: W etherhold andF. P. Shepherd.
J. Occ. Med. 7, 193-195 (May, 1965).
- -1 '
Hydrofluoric acid represents a serious hazard wherever it is encountered. It passes ' readily through the. horny layers of the skin and!continues to spread deeper.'and deeper.into the underlying tissues, even in the fingertips, down to the bone. - The burns it produces are painful and generally slow to heal. Contact with the,'anhydrous hydrogen fluoride or with a concentrated solution causes immediate.pain, and signs of'tissue necrosis appear almost at once. The dangerous feature; of hydrofluoric acid is that contact with a dilute solution generally goes un noticed. The use.bf;cold to restrict lymph and,blood flow,, thus.inhibiting the development of edema, has been established as useful in the treatment of burns of all types.. Hydrofluoric acid burns are to be set apart as having particular-requirements as tp treatment. The use of cold m
I
14. 01 132 2824
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September. 1^65
conjunction with Hyamine 1622 has served to meet some of these special requirements. However, the mechanism through which this quaternary amine neutralize! or counteracts hydrofluoric acid in the tissues remains uncertain. Nonetheless, the combination of cold and Hyamine (0.2 . in the form of iced Hyamine baths or soaks, has yielded by far the best results in the treatment of over 100 cases of hydrofluoric acid burns.
3 71 Histopathologic Effects of Chromate Chemicals. Report of Studies in Rabbits, Guinea Pigs, Rats, and Mice. C .H. Steffee and Anna M. Baetjer. Arch. Environmental Health 11, 66-75 (July, 1965).
Rabbits, guinea pigs, rats, and mice were exposed by inhalation or intratracheal injection to various chromium chemicals, simulating the exposures in the old chromate refining plants. No malignant tumors of the respiratory tract were produced. The number of adenomas found in the mice, rats and guinea pigs was not significantly greater in the chromate exposed animals than in the control animals. One rat exposed by inhalation to chromate dust developed a keratinizing tumor of the lung, but this was considered benign by histologic criteria. The previously reported increased incidence of lymphosarcomas in rats inhaling mixed chromate dust w as not confirmed. A high incidence of prominence of alveolar epithelium was found in rabbits, guinea pigs, and mice injected mtratracheally with a complex zinc chromate pigment. A significantly higher incidence of alveolar and interstitial inflammation with or without prominent alveolar epithelium and fibrosis was found in guinea pigs which inhaled the chromium chemicals and in mice injected with zinc chromate than m control animals not exposed to chromates. Granulomata appeared m a significant number of the chromate-exposed rabbits, guinea pigs, and rats but were not seen in the control animals. Infection of rats with PR influenza virus associated with intratracheal injection of chromates did not lead to the production of tumors and no demonstrable long term effects on pulmonary or other visceral lesions. The attempt to induce malignancy in alveolar epithelium of mice by the combined action of zinc chromate and a carcinogenic hydrocarbon was unsuccessful. There are 21 references.
-- Authors' summary
873 Pulmonary Retention and Excretion of Mercury Vapors in Man. J. Teisinger and V. FiserovaBergerova. Ind. Med. & Surg. 34, 580-584 (July, 19<j5).
Five experiments were carried out in an exposure chamber, in which experimental
subjects inhaled mercury vapors in a concentration of 100 micrograms/cu.m, for seven
hours (in one case, 200 micrograms/cu. m. was used). A retention of 76% was found m
nasal inspiration and mouth expiration; while retention decreased up to 20% in mouth inhalation
Retention was constant from the beginning of the experiment. In people who had worked with
mercury for many years, retention was unchanged. Mercury is retained predominantly in
respiratory tracts (no mercury was found in alveolar air). Pulmonary desaturation is low
and rapid in comparison with solvents. Mercury excretion in urine is protracted and irregular,
and thus the absorbed amount cannot be estimated.
-- Authors' summary
874 Studies of Nickel Carcinogenesis. Fractionations of Nickel in Ultracentrifugal Supernatants of Lung and Liver by Means of Dextran Gel Chromatography. F.W. Sunderman. Am. J. Clin. Pathol. 42, 228-236 (Sept. 1964).
The relation of the inhalation of nickel to pulmonary carcinogenesis has been the subject
of numerous clinical and experimental studies. In previous studies, published from the author s
laboratory, pulmonary carcinomas have been induced in rats by means of exposure to the toxic
vapors of nickel, especially nickel carbonyl, and nickel has been implicated as a pulmonary
carcinogen in tobacco smoke. In the current study chromatographic fractionations were per
formed on the ultracentrifugal supernatants of homogenates of rat lung and liver by the use of
columns of dextran gel (Sephadex G-100). A major portion of nickel in these tissue supernatants
has been demonstrated to be firmly bound to macromolecular constituents. Following acute
and chronic inhalation of carcinogenic levels of nickel vapors, the predominant increases in
the concentrations of nickel have been observed in the macromolecular fractions. These
findings are consistent with the previous demonstration of nickel in purified preparations of
ribonucleic acids (RNA) from several rat tissues,and with the observation of increased con
centrations of nickel in high molecular weight RNA from lung and liver following the inhalation
of nickel vapors.
-- APCA Absts.
15.
1 132 2S2L
Industrial Hygiene Digest
I September,
J S75 Induction of Liver Tumors in the Syrian Golden'-Hamster,by Feeding Dimethylnitrosamir.e.
j
L. Tomatis, P. N.` Magee , and P/ Shubik. t J. Nati. Cancer Inst;
341 (Aug. 1964).
Continuous administration of dimethylnitrosamine in the drinking water to Syrian
)
golden hamsters resulted in a high incidence of both cholangioicarcinomas and liver-cell
|
carcinomas. One adenoma of the kidney and two hemangioendotheliomas of the liver were
j
observed also. No tumors of. the trachea or lung were, recorded.
J.. Occ. Med. Absts.
j
oT6 Anaphylactic Death After Administration of Triphenylmethane Dve. S. Hepps and M Dollinger New Engl. J. Med. 273, 1281 (June 17,.1965)-.
A triphenylmethane: dye, alphazurine 2!G,,; which was recently introduced, reportedly
stains only viable tissues, thus enabling immediate'differentiation of second and third degree
burns. This dye was administered to a small series of burned patients m whom early de
bridement and grafting was considered.1 In one'patient an immediate anaphylactic reaction
occurred which subsequently led to his death. 'Previously administered commonly used drugs
with related chemical structures may have been responsible for the development of a hyper
sensitivity state in this patient. Alphazurine 2 G should be used with caution until its toxicity
and antigenicity are established.
-- J. Am. Med. Assn.. References Si Reviews
877 Pulmonary Styrene Vapor Retention. V. Fiserova-Bergerova and J. Teisinger. Ind. Med. Si Surg.y34, 620-622 (Aug. 1965). i
Experiments with styrene were carrieii out in seven volunteers who inhaled styrene
vapor concentrations of 65 micrograms/liter to 162 micrograms/liter. Styrene retention
following nasal inspiration and mouth expiration averaged 66%; following mouth inspiration
and expiration only 59%,and did hot change during, the two or five hours of exposure. Air
analysis of one deep expiration showed that styrene concentration in expired air decreases
with time according to a curve that may* be described by the sum-total of two exponentials.
Of inhaled styrene, a concentration of about 6% -is retained in alveolar air.; After ending
exposure styrene was not expired by.the. lung.
-- Authors' summary
878 Comparative Hazards from Some Insecticides. : H. G. S. van Raalte. < \ Ind. Med. & Surg. 34, 578-579 (July, 1965). i .
The author presents data which show that pesticides as a group, are not an important
cause of accidental poisoning. This is notably true as regards the so-called "persistent"
organochlortne insecticides. Over the last 12 years he has collected data on 110 cases of fatal
poisoning by aldrin,. dieldrin and endrin that have occurred.worldwide . He is'almost certain
that these represent all the cases that have occurred. As can be seen from a table, the great
majority, or almost 75% of all cases were suicidal and thus not accidental. Parathion was
the major cause of fatal insecticide poisoning in more than>3,100 cases, involving six years'
experience in Japan. A review, of the literature.will clearly show, that .fatal accidental
poisoning by organophosphate insecticides occurs much more frequently than by organochlorine |
insecticides.
1
879 Aplastic Anemia Following Exposure to Benzene Hexachloride (Lindane). - I. P. Loge.
<
J. Am. Med. Assn. 193, 110-114 (July 12. 1965).
|
In two fatal cases of aplastic anemia,'there was a prolonged indoor exposure to
j
vaporized benzene hexachloride (lindane).- The chemical was in pellet form and vaporized by
{
electrical warming of a ceramic jacket. The literature was reviewed and although benzene
j
hexachloride has been a suspected toxin before, this' is, to the author's knowledge, the first
detailed report of benzene hexachloride exposure and aplastic anemia in which other suspicious j
drugs or chemical agents were not used. . These two cases allow only .a presumptive, conclusion i
to be made. Further repeated observations by others will be necessary to make historical
evidence alone sufficient for an`etiologic diagnosis. More specific in vitro and in vivo testing
procedures are urgently needed to screen the increasingly complex array of drugs to which most
of us are exposed. Only in this way can a precise relationship between cause and effect be made
There are 34 references.
-- Author's abst.
I
01 132 2826
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September , : 365
880 PDA Excretion Levels. Studies in Persons with Different Degrees of Exposure to DDT
W.F. Durham, J.F. Armstrong, andG.E. Quinby.
*
Arch. Environmental Health_U_, 76-79 (July; 1965).
The excretion of DDA (dichlorodiphenyl acetic acid) in urine by people in various
dietary, environmental, and occupational exposure groups with regard to DDT contact was
determined. The DDA excretion levels tor the general population ranged from below the
experimental limit of the analytical method (0.02 ppm) to 0.35 ppm. Of the 79 samples
in this group wmch were tested, 56 (74fo) did not contain detectable quantities of DDA.
There was no indication that any important difference m DDA excretion level existed among
the general population, meat abstainers, or people with heavy environmental or light
occupational exposure. However, striking differences in DDA excretion exist for groups
with widely different degrees of exposure. A more sensitive method for determination of
DDA excretion levels in urine is needed, since the present procedure gives values below the
limit of sensitivity for about three fourths of subjects from the general population group.
There are 11 references.
-- Authors summarv
681 Organic Pesticides and Water Pollution. C.M. Weiss. Public Works 95, 84-87 (Dec. 1964).
The chlorinated hydrocarbon and organic phosphorus insecticides are discussed with
reference to their significance in the aquatic environment. The toxic action of these two
groups of insecticides in fish is compared and structural formulas are given for some of the
more commonly used compounds of each group. Problems such as taste and odor production
associated with pesticides in water supplies, their residual life, and their removal are also
discussed.
-- Cond. from Public Health Eng.Absts.
882 Organophosphorus Insecticides and Mental Alertness. W. F. Durham, H.R. Wolfe, and G.E. Quinby. Arch. Environmental Health 10, 55-56 (Jan. 1965).
The effect on the mental alertness of cropduster pilots, duster aircraft ground crews
and agricultural workers exposed to organic phosphorus insecticides is discussed. A brief
description of the three mental alertness tests used in the study is included. The statistical
results of the three tests taken by each occupational group involved and by a control group
are presented in tabular form. Conclusions drawn from these test scores and from actual
cases of severe organic phosphorus poisoning, two of which are included in the article,
indicate that the mental alertness of clinically well workmen is not modified by exposure to
organic phosphorus insecticides. There are 16 references.
-- Public Health Eng. Absts.
883 Cancers in Mice from Asphalt Fractions. M.H. Simmers. Ind. Med. b Surg. 34, 573-577 (July, 1965).
Steam-refined asphalt was separated into, four fractions: asphaltenes, aromatics, saturates, and resins. The method of separation is given. The aromatics and saturates fractions showed essentially all the ultraviolet light fluorescence of the four fractions. These two fractions were pooled and tested for oncogenesis by painting on the skin of C57 black mice. Thirty-two per cent of the mice thus treated and coming to autopsy developed cancers.
-- Cond. from author's summary
INDUSTRIAL DUSTS
884 Thesaurosis from Inhaled Hair Spray? R..M. Cares. Arch. Environmental Health 11, 80-85~(July, 1965).
A case study of so-called pulmonary thesaurosis following occupational exposure to commerical hair sprays is presented. An allergic mechanism or individual idiosyncrasy is possible. The pathology is compatible with a hypersensitivity reaction as seen in other in-
17.
01 132 2827
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September. n65
determinate granulomas. Histochermcal studies lor many other extrinsic organic and in.
organic agents were negative. . The histologicaljpa'ttern. seen in this case did not simulate
that oi naturally occurring granulomas such as Boeck's sarcoid.' A causal relationship .
to inhalation of hair spray cannot be excluded although the rarity of such reactions in the
face of widespread use of hair sprays is puzzling. There, arb 14 references.
i'-
' ; ...
-"Author's summary
' ,V j 885 A Helium Leak-Detection Method for Respirator Control. H. Flyger.
j
Health Physics _U, 223-224 (March, 1965),
The overall protection roffered by a dust mask depends on its intrinsic structural
I
quality, including the efficiency of'the canister filter itself, any imperfections in the face-
j
piece and outlet valve, and;the unpredictable and variable leakage from its face sealing
|
surface. An accurate and fast method of estimating this last class of leakage is presented;
|
:t involves the use of a gas chamber.
-- Public, Health Eng. Absts. !
886 The Tyndalloscope, an Optical Dust Measuring Apparatus wife an Electrical Indicator.'
J. Stuke and J. Rzeznik. Staub 24, 366-368 (Sept. 1964).
~r
;
In the West German jcoal-mining industry, the tyndalloscope has been employed for
more than 10 years'as a-.routine dust measuring apparatus. In order to measure and
record automatically, a continuously recording; optical-electric dust measuring apparatus
!
was developed. The construction and mode of operation of this tyndallograph and the problems !
that had to be solved in its development are reported: ,
-- Public Health Eng. Absts.
887 Energy and Efficiency Characteristics of the Ejector Venturi Scrubber., L.S. Harris. J. Air Poll. Control Assn. 15,302-305 (July, 1965).
The scrubbing and pumping actions in'the-* Ejector Venturi. Scrubber are two separate
j
phenomenon occurring simultaneously:, Each phenomenon .requires energy .and has efficiency
;
of operation and collectibo^efficiency. These energy and efficiency relationships are discussed j
and illustrated in the form of numerous graphs. -The scrubbing energy requirements and how
they vary with particle sizes down to one micron.are,,also discussed and presented in form of
I
numerous graphs.
'
;
-- Author1 s abst.
888 Maba-Tron Electrofilter. A New Electrofilter with Automatic Cleaning of Collecting and
Discharge Electrodes. W. Seidel and W. Kaufmann. Staub 24, 405-407 (Oct. .1964).
,j
A new electrofilter which has automatic cleaning'of the collecting and discharge electrodes
is reported. This enables a constant precipitation efficiency to be achieved. With its success j
in perfect precipitation of difficult.dusts such ab-dolomite and ceramic dusts, metal oxide smokes;
soot, and salts, even in very low concentrations, high precipitation efficiency remains constant j
with time.
,,
- - APCA -Absts.
j
889 An Analysis of Multiple X-Ray Readings in the Diagnosis of Silicosis.' H. B. Ashe,
|
D.E. Bergstrom, andE.B. Perrin. Ind. Med.. & Surg. 34, 545-551 (July; 1965).
j
This report presents information on thje reliability of chest x-ray survey-diagnoses,
|
analyzes intra- and inter-reader variation and assesses the advantages and disadvantages of
j
six different multiple reading systems. Chest x-rays:;were taken on 1, 478 .granite workers,
using 14xl7-inch film read by three physicians,, each making two independent readings. From !
these data the report shows that on the average!a single reader will correctly identify 87% of I
the positive silicosis cases and at the same timje '.will over-read as false positive 3% of the
|
true negatives. When various multiple reading; systems were tested, it was found that one
1
system would increase the yield of true positives to almost, 100%, but at the same.time 8%
of true negatives would be falsely called positive. , Another system,, aimed at minimizing
the false positives reduced these to less than, l.% but found only'7.7% of the true positives.
Another system seemed to offer a good compromise by correctly identifying 91% of the true
positives and falsely classifying 2 % of the true negatives as positive. - - Authors', synopsis
18. 01 132 2828
Industrial Hygiene Digest
a PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF THE ENVIRONMENT
September , 1^65
390 Respiratory Hazards in Welding. A.T. Doig and P. J. R. Challen. Ann. Occ. Hyg. (London) 7, 223 (Sept. 1964).
Available statistical information and morDidity and mortality data on the health of welders suggests a slightly higher than normal incidence of acute respiratory illness for the group studied. The hazards associated with nitrogen oxides, ozone, phosgene, metal fume, and the coatings used on welding rods are reviewed. It is concluded that most gas and fume problems in welding can be controlled by efficient ventilation. The potential risk from new materials and new methods of welding are evaluated, and the possibility of chronic and subacute respiratory disease arising from uncontrolled exposure to welding fumes is noted.
-- J. Occ. Med. Absts
891 Health and Safety Hazards and Their Control. D.E. Hickish. Ann. Occ. Hyg. (London) 7, 235 (Sept. 1964).
Safety and health hazards from welding are discussed in relation to eye injuries,
burns, explosions, electric shock, gases, fumes, noise, and ionizing radiation. Indicated
as possible sources of ionizing radiation hazard are the plasma jet and the electron beam
process (when the potential used is over 30 kv) and radioisotopes used for inspection of
welds.
-- J. Occ. Med. Absts.
392 Carbon Monoxide Hazard in the CO? Arc-Welding Process. A. J. DeKretser, W. D. Evans and H.A. Waldron. Ann. Occ. Hyg. (London) 7, 253 (Sept. 1964).
A higher incidence of respiratory disease was observed among a group of eight
welders than among their coworkers in the same work environment. Measurement of carbon
monoxide concentrations in the environment indicated the possibility of exposure to carbon
monoxide from this process. The finding of slightly elevated blood carboxy-hemoglobin levels
which returned to normal after the general ventilation in the area had been improved confirmed
that personnel had been exposed. Concentrations for the same individual before and after
improvement in ventilation showed a definite decrease in almost every instance. It is unusual
even m smokers to find concentrations above 5%. At the MAC of 100 ppm, blood concentrations
may be as high as 10% carboxy-hemoglobin.
-- J. Occ. Med. Absts.
893 Health Hazard from Flux Used in Joining Aluminum Electricity Cables. J. K. McCann.
Ann. Occ. Hyg." (London) 7, 261 (Sept. 1964).
T1
The active constituents of a flux used in joining aluminum electricity cables are believed to be ammonium fluoroborate, amindethylethanolamine, and zinc oxide. The fume generated by the process using the flux contains ammonia, amine vapor, and fluoride. The complaint elicited most frequently from exposed workers was skin trouble in the form of an eczematous reaction on the hands or face. In addition, chest symptoms occurred in men having asthma or chronic bronchitis. Three men developed bronchitis'after working for a prolonged period in a manhole where the presence of high concentrations of fumes were sus pected. Air samples from laboratory tests showed that high value of soluble chloride may exist in the breathing zone of the jointers (cable splicers). It was noted also that the use of paraffin in the flux is thought to be an important factor in the production of skin trouble.
-- J. Occ. Med. Absts.
19.
01 132 2823
Industrial Hygiene Digest'
I !
September. 1?65
834 Audiometry'in Industry. (East Range Symposium). A. J.: Heffler.
J. Occ. Med.v7,y.217-J*21 (May, 1965)
, i
An audiometer is'deceptively easy to operate, and this has led to a completely
erroneous belief that a couple.of hours of instruction are adequate to train an industrial
audiometrist. The records of the Veterans Administration bear'sorrowful testimony to the
cost of unsophisticated audiometry.; The introduction of trained audiologists to the Veterans
Administration saved well over SI million per year' m inflated compensation payments due
to,poor testing, i_and this doe s'not consider* the'.sayings -realized by the identification and accurate
measurement of claimants who w,ere consciously or unconsciously exaggerating hearing loss.
This is;not to demand that audiologists trained to the master's or doctorate level be required
to serve industry,,but it does demonstrate that those charged with the responsibility of per.
forming the tests be trained to^he, point that-they under stand what'they are doing and why. .
It,also requires that highly competent consultants be used periodically to monitor the efficiency
of the program. < The cost of a hearing .-conservation program need not be high,1 but the'
cost of an inefficient hearing-conservation program is an extravagance that no company caii
afford.
`
-- Author's conclusion
605 Principles of Noise fControl(East Range Symposium). ,.R. Donley. .'
J. Occ. Med. 7, 222-226 (May, l;965):.rr
] ; ' V*-'' -
A common problem ;facingracpusticians-isfthe widespread impression that noise control-is synonymous with-noise reduction. ' This erroneous impression is strongly re. inforced by the-general advertising of acoustical1.tile manufacturers and by the technical advertising of manufacturers of ear. protection devices.. To; the acoustician, however, noise control is no more synonymous with noise reduction than temperature control is synonymous with temperature reduction. Sev'erargenerai methods are used in.noise control. These are briefly described with illustrations'. Among these controrprocedures are: (1) Change in
distance. (2) Mufflers. (3) Vibration isolation.- |(4) Damping. '(5) Enclosures. (6) Absorption.
896 Noise in Hydraulic Systems.:- S. J.; Ska'istis. D. E. Kennamer .andJ. F. Walrad.
Machine Design? 36, l,??1; ,-200, 202,.205.206 (Nov..19, 1964). '.
j.
Sources of noise in-hydraulic equipment are identified and their nature is discussed:
noise.reduction research was directed toward reduction of.such forms of noise, energy as .
sound; vibration, and fluid pulsations; control of noise should start in specification stage of
design by selecting favorable pump and motor1 operating'conditions: data for selection are
presented in diagrams. ,V
Am. Soc. Safety Eng. Absts.
RADIOACTIVITY AND X.RADIATION
897 Radiation.as the Cause of Lung. Cancer Amo - j Uranium Miners. J. K. Wagoner. et al. New Engl. J- Med: 273, .181.188 (July 22, ;1965)
A study-of mortality experience was conducted among 3,415 white underground uranium miners, and''cause-specific- comparisons .were; madewith the general white male population of the Colorado Plateau. A higher total mortality was Iobserved among this group of miners. This excess mortality wasrattributed'toyrespiratpry.neoplasms,,(22 observed as`>compared with 5.7 expected), violent deaths'^ particularly in mines-fand "all other causes"--a reflection of pul monary fibrdsis'and its sequelae. A study of the quantitative relation between airborne radiaton and respiratory cancer showed.that the,age-standardized incidence increased from 3. 10 per 10,000 minersper year at the lowest to 116. 12 at the-,highest cumulative-exposure category. Ah-evaluation was also made of the evidence fori a causal relation between-airborne radiation and respiratory cancer among uranium miners in the-United States. ..Six circumstances support
120. 01 132 283v
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September, 1965
such a conclusion: An excessive occurrence of respiratory cancer was observed, a dose-respor.se relation between airborne radiation and respiratory neoplasms was demonstrated; the excess and the dose-response relation persisted when known confoundfng variables are taken into account, among them being time since onset of exposure and cigarette consumption; the results were con sistent with observations made in the animal laboratory and among other mining populations r.:r. substantial exposure to radioactive materials; the carcinogenic effect of airborne radiation was specific-for the respiratory tract; the pathology of respiratory cancers among uranium miners was unlike that observed among an age - smoking - resident matched control group but was similar to that observed among factory workers exposed to a radiomimetic agent, mustard gas. The implications of the quantitative model are discussed. There are 51 references.
-- Authors summary
8 9b Amino Acid Excretion in Human Patients Accidently Exposed to Large Doses of Partial-Body Ionizing Radiation. F.M. Gams, M.W. Hendrickson, and J. W. Howland. Radiation Res. 24, 278-291 (Feb. 1965).
Six technicians accidentally exposed to partial-body radiation while servicing a Klystron tube at a radar installation were hospitalized for medical observations. Serial 21-hour urine samples were collected and frozen. After thawing, the samples were desalted and analyzed for ammo acids by paper chromatography. A qualitative and semiquantitative analysis revealed an increased aminoaciduria with particular abnormality in the excretion of cystine, proline, and tryptophan in four of the six technicians. There are 47 references.
-- Public Health Eng. Absts.
899 Chromosome Aberrations in Radiation Workers. A. Norman, et al. Radiation Res. 23, 282 (Oct. 1964).
Chromosomes of leukocytes cultured from peripheral blood of 36 radiation workers
were studied for aberrations. The workers had cumulative exposures from 1.8 to 97.5 r,
with all but 3 over 10 r. The frequency of aneuploid cells, quasidiploid cells, dicentrics, and
other exchanges was significantly higher in the radiation workers than in a control group. The
medical implications of this increase are still unknown.
-- J. Occ. Med. Absts
900 A Miniature Warning Dosimeter. A.R. Jones. Health Physics 11, 363-367 (May, 1965).
A warning dosimeter which is small enough to fit inside a pocket is described. The dosimeter provides an audible alarm when a predetermined exposure to gamma-rays has occurred. This level is 0.2 R in a low range version and 0.6 r in a high one. In addition an audible indication of exposure rate is given. The performance of the instrument is described and limitations on its application are discussed. Brief operating instructions are included.
-- A PCA Absts.
901 Radiation Protection Organizations: The Role of the Health Physicist. D.W. Moeller, F.C. Kloke,
and T.P. Glavin. Health Physics
215-222 (March, 1965).
A review of the published literature shows that there are at least eight international,
three national, and a dozen Federal and interstate governmental agencies having active programs
in the formulation of rules and regulations pertaining to radiation protection. In addition .over
40 professional societies and other groups within the United States have one or more committees
active in this field. For the health physicist, such groups represent a resource in terms of
consultation and advice, as well as a challenge from the standpoint of keeping abreast of their
many activities. Through the periodic preparation of summary reports on the radiation protection
issuances of such groups, the health physicist can do much to coordinate those phases of their
programs related to his field. Through the Health Physics Society, health physicists, as a
group, might also consider assuming a greater share of the responsibility for offering official
guidance to some of the committees of the national advisory organizations. The various sub
committees of the Nuclear Standards Board are cited as one example in which such action
might be undertaken.
-- Public Health Eng. Absts.
21. 01 132 2831
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September. 1965
902 Tests of Potassium Superoxide Canisters in a Small Fallout Shelter. V.L, Brechner, etal.
Public Health Repts. 80, 225-232 (March, 1965).
4
Observations in a fallout shelter under conditions of prolonged-occupancy indicate that
considerably larger canisters than the 500-g. containers used in rescue units may be pre
ferable for fallout shelters. A canister of l,250 g. provides a system capable of generating
oxygen and absorbing carbon dioxide in large amounts and for sustained periods at flow rates
of canister circulation of shelter air compatible with the physical labor of operating a blower.
In experiments using the 500 g. KO^ canister for shelter atmosphere control, concentration of
carbon dioxide and of oxvgen was not appreciably affected . ring the period of observation. In
experiments with the i,250g. KO2 canister, however, oxygen concentration rose from an initial
IS to 1 8. 75 ; carbon dioxide concentration was reduced from 3.55 to 2.5 7o. Moreover, the
operator of the manual blower experienced no syndrome of fatigue; in two experiments with
the 500 g. canister such syndromes had occurred.
-- Public Health Eng. Absts.
ENVIRONMENTAL MEASUREMENTS
90 3 Polynuclear Hydrocarbon Emissions from Selected Industrial Processes. D. J. von Lehmden, R.P. Hangebrauck, and J.E. Meeker. J. Air Poll. Control Assn. ^_5,306-312 (July, 1965).
A number of selected industrial processes considered as potential sources of
benzo(a)pyrene and other polynuclear hydrocarbons were surveyed. Polynuclear hydrocarbon
emission levels were measured directly for asphalt hot road mix preparations and asphalt
air-blowing. Emissions of other pollutants, including particulate matter, carbon monoxide,
and total gaseous hydrocarbons were also-measured, and are reported together with pertinent
data on process design and operation. Results are discussed with reference to the type of
process; the type of equipment used, including control devices; and other factors. The signi
ficance of some additional processes as contributors of polynuclear hydrocarbons was examined
indirectly by collecting atmospheric samples of polynuclear hydrocarbons in residential areas
in the vicinity of (1) a carbon black manufacturing area, (2) a steel and coke manufacturing area,
(3) an organic chemical industry complex, and (4) a residential and small.industry coal burning
area.
- - Authors' abst.
904 A Method for Checking Instrument Performance at Remote Sampling Sites. C.A. Jutze and R.J. Lewis. J. Air Poll. Control Assn. _1_5, 323-326 (July, 1965).
This paper describes a quality control technique used by the central headquarters
operation of the Continuous Air Monitoring Program in an;effort to insure valid data production
from instruments located at remote sampling stations. 'The procedure consists of preparation
of 0.10 to 2.00 ppm mixtures of sulfur dioxide or nitrogen dioxide in duplicate Mylar bags, each
encased in a corrugated paper box. These mixtures are analyzed during makeup to insure
duplication. One box is shipped to the field station where it is analyzed on-site. The control
nixture is analyzed in the central lab at the same time. Correlation between measurements
indicates the usefulness of this dynamic calibration check. The techniques used are described
and results of the program are presented.
-. Authors' abst.
905 Recommended Standard Method for Continuing Air Monitoring for Hydrogen Sulfide Ultramicrodetermination of Sulfides in the Air. TR-2, Air Pollution Measurement Committee. M.B. Jacobs, Principal Author. J. Air Poll. Control Assn. _1_5, 314.315 (July, 1965).
Hydrogen sulfide and other sulfides can be determined in the part per billion range in
air if the air is bubbled through an absorption mixture of an alkaline suspension of cadmium
hydroxide contained in a macro impinger. Rates as high as l cubic foot per minute can be used,
or 0. 1 cubic foot per minute with a midget impinger. The concentration of the trapped sulfides
is then estimated by the methylene blue method. A colorimetric method and a spectrophotometry
method are described.
_
-- Authors' abst
01 132 2S32
22.
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September , i 'b5
906 Studies on Sulfuric Acid Mist Downwind from a Sulfuric Acid Manufacturing Plant. J.V. Kerrigan and Karel Snajberk. J. Air Poll. Control Assn. 15, 31 6-319 (July, 1965) 4 ----
Air pollution downstream irora a sulfuric acid manufacturing plant is comprised oi two aspects, the amount of acid mist fallout and the concentration in the atmosphere. This investigation shows that it is desirable to determine each of these by an independent method >. collection. Pans of distilled water were used to collect and determine the sulfuric acid mis: fallout and an electrostatic precipitator was used to determine the sulfuric acid mist con centration in the atmosphere. The use of Stokes' Law to convert the results obtained by one method to those obtained by the other requires a knowledge of the particle size of the sulfuric acid mist droplets. Data presented show that the use of an average particle size can yield a picture of pollution which is in error by many orders of magnitude. The study shows that areas adjacent to a plant may be subjected to fallout of rather large particle size when there are not adequate methods for removal from the emission or byproduct gases. -- Authors abst.
907 A Search for Some Nitro-Olefins in Polluted Air. E.R. Stephens and M.A. Price. J. Air Poll. Control Assn. 15,320-322 (July, 1965).
An electron capture chromatographic method of detecting nitroethylene and 1-nitro-l-
propene was developed and applied to ambient air samples, photolyzed propene/nitrogen dioxide
mixtures and auto exhaust. No trace of either compound was found in ambient air or m the
photolyzed mixtures. The detection limit was estimated to be i ppb. A single sample of auto
exhaust showed several small peaks which, if attributed to nitro-olefin, would amount to in
significant traces.
-- Authors' abst.
908 Remarks About Chemical Methods Used in Aerosol Researches. E. Meszaros. Tellus _1_6, 469-471 (Nov. 1964).
Measurements were carried out to determine the mass-concentration of sulfate and
chloride particles in the atmosphere. The identifications were done partly by the so-called
single-particle method (gelatine technique) and partly by bulk analysis. Great differences
were found between the results obtained bv the two methods, and a possible explanation of the
discrepancy is given.
-- Public Health Eng Absts.
PREVENTIVE ENGINEERING
909 How to Select Safe Lift Trucks. F.C. Schuster. Welding Engr. 49, 55-57 (Nov. 1964).
Powering stability, frames, brakes, controls and visibility specifications for safe
materials handling are discussed briefly as guide to selection of optimum truck; effects of
operator comfort, hydraulic system, guards and safety standards on environment and use are
included.
-- J. Am. Soc. Safety Eng. Absts.
910 Safety for Lift Trucks. F.C. Schuster. Modern Concrete_28, 49-53 (Nov. 1964).
Variations in truck design and size are described that enable'proper selection, operation, and maintenance of unit for any job; safety considerations in design and operation.
-- J. Am. Soc. Safety Eng. Absts
01 132 2833
23.
Industrial Hygiene Digest
Septembe r ,
9 1 1 Chemical Plant Safety --Insurance Company Viewpoint. J.E. Collier.
Chem. Eng. 7j_, 207-212 (Oct. 12, 1964).
4
Factory Insurance Assn. (FLA) program is developed by giving consideration to g-icir.e
principles regarding administration, construction, water supplies, automatic fire protection,
drainage, loss minimization, duplication of facilities, equipment and maintenance, process
safety, operator training and FLA service.
-- J. Am. Soc. Safety Eng. Absts
9 12 Safetv Director's Viewpoint (Chemical Plant). G.F. Korkmas. Chem. Eng. 7 1, 143-145 (July 20, 1964).
Top management and engineering contractor must recognize that changes are certain
to occur between decision to proceed with project and completion of detailed design; best overall
project will result if definite system is established to handle these changes and to provide
safetv reviews while project is in progress.
-- J. Am. Soc. Safety Eng. Absts
913 Design Engineer's Viewpoint (Chemical Plant). A. Gilbert. Chem. Eng. 71, 147-150 (July 20, 1964).
Assembling of all pertinent data for one specific chemical into one report can be termed safety evaluation"; safety evaluation considers physical properties, chemical reaction rates, compatibility with other chemicals and materials, toxicity, explosion hazards, reliability of utilities, instrumentation, materials of construction, pressure, temperatures, manpower, in vestment, relationship to other production units, locating facility, and flammable liquid volumes.
-- J. Am. Soc. Safety Eng. Absts.
914 Responsibility of Top Management to Safety Program. F.A. Walker.
New Engl. Water Works Assn. J.
144-149 (June, 1964).
Presents a discussion of precautions that can be encouraged by management of water
companies to reduce accidents to employees, equipment, and general public; poor safety record
of water utilities is noted.
-- J. Am. Soc. Safety Eng. Absts
3 15 Body Currents Measured in Live Line Work, H. L. Rorden, et al. Electrical World 162, 60-63 (Nov. 30, 1964).
Measurements are reported of eventually harmful body currents experienced by
maintenance workers, due to electric fields of live 138 kv or 345 kv transmission lines; various
protective measures are suggested.
- J. Am. Soc. Safety Eng. Absts.
916 Safety Considerations in Industrial Use of Organic Peroxides. J.B. Armitage and H. W. Strauss. Ind. Eng. Chem. _56, 28-32 (Dec. 1964).
Most organic peroxides are used industrially to initiate free radical polymerizations;
types of hazards associated with peroxides are explosion, fire, and toxicity; Frank-Kamenetsky
criticality criterion is a dimensionless number which is a function of physical and chemical
properties of materials, concentration of material, and temperature and dimensions of assembly
tests include self-heating test, drop-weight test, bullet impact test, and laboratory thermal
stability test.
-- J. Am. Soc. Safety Eng. Absts
COMMUNITY AIR HYGIENE
917 How Air Pollution is Detected. M. Clifton. Proc. Roy. Soc. Med. 5_7, 615-618 (July, 1964)
A description is given of the classification of gaseous and nongaseous constituents of
air pollution. Some methods for measuring these pollutants are then given. The National
survey embraced 150 towns of all sizes throughout England and Wales and provided data on
smoke and sulfur dioxide in relation to climate, topography, industrialization, population densitv
fuel utilization, and urban development.
- - _ _ _ _ -- APCA Absts.
oi 132 253 *
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September. 1965
918 Bacterial Emissions from Activated Sludge Units. J.O. Ledbetter and C. W. Randall. Ind. Med. It Surg. 34, 130-133 (Feb. 1965).
The airborne bacterial counts made on 35 different days exhibit conclusive evidence
that the bacterial population of air is increased by passage over an activated sludge waste
treatment unit. Despite a rapid die-off of bacteria, an increase in the bacterial population
persists for a considerable distance and time. The distance is strongly dependent upon wind
velocity. No effects of relative humidity and temperature could be noted in this study. The
investigation is being continued with future plans to identify serotypes in an effort to evaluate
the health hazard involved. There are 1' references.
-- Public Health Eng. Absts.
919 Air Pollution and Disease. B.G. Ferris, Jr., andN.R. Frank. Anesthesiology _25, 470-478 (1964).
Atmospheric pollution can be classified under three headings! general, occupational, and personal. The components are complex and variable so that it is difficult to extrapolate the prevalence of disease in one area to that in another unless the two have similar chemical compositions. Significant exposures can occur at work and may produce impairment of respiratory function. It is emphasized that tobacco smoking, and particularly cigarette smoking, is a most important factor in the causation of chronic nonspecific respiratory disease. Much research has been done to elucidate the mechanism whereby such changes are induced but specific answers concerning the mechanisms have not been forthcoming.
-- Public Health Eng. Absts.
920 Environmental Changes. Why a Health Concern? M.M. Merrill. Military Med. 129, 1025-1030 (Nov. 1964).
While it is somewhat dangerous to attempt to evaluate the relative health significance
of the environmental changes occurring today, the author states, that he would guess that the
most sizable risks to the population are to be found in air pollution, water pollution, the in
creasing use of nuclear energy, and the widespread use of chemicals. These are important
because the individual has little if any control over that portion of his environment affected by
them. Large segments of the population are at risk. The choice will soon have to be made
whether the man-made environment of the future is to be a rapidly deteriorating one as a
habitat for man or whether, through careful management and orderly planning, the world around
can retain its quality of promoting healthful and delightful living. If we are to solve these
problems, we will need new organizational patterns, new scales of values, and new relationships
between government, private enterprise, and the public. Health today is more and more becomin
a matter of community hygiene. We are increasingly at the mercy of the environment. We must
control the changes that are occurring in a way that will contribute constructively to the health
and welfare of our people.
-- APCA Absts.
921 Human Cardiovascular Diseases and Atmospheric Air Pollution in Los Angeles, California. J.W.A. Brant. Intern. J. Air and Water Poll. 9,.219-231 (April, 1965).
Two sets of original source records provided 221,760 measurements from which 66 variables were generated. For both studies a multiple regression technique was used. At mospheric conditions presented a formidable and potentially catastrophic danger to public health in Los Angeles. Partial correlation coefficients ranged from 0.6639 to - 0.9891. The system of atmospheric variables explains to a significant degree variation in the cardio vascular incidence, the cardiovascular admissions into the hospital. The system of variables has a linear effect as proved by the F criterion, also the residuals between actual and pre dicted values of the dependent variable are nonsignificant as proved by the alpha-criterion, meaning that the prediction equation (multiple regression system) is valid. Post-exposure to atmosphere, in this instance 4th week post-exposure, is a significant consideration when evaluating the effects of atmosphere upon human health. There are 38 references.
-- APCA Absts.
25.
01 132 2835
Industrial Hygiene Digest
`September.. 1565
A Dynamic Air-:Resource Management ProgramV',City of Chicago. J-..V. Fitzpatrick and
A. N. Heller'. J. Air Poll. Control Assn. 15,, 29,7-301 (July, 1965).
, . ;
.
` a
- ,
.
..
1
A review of air pollution control activities since 1881, and the current needs to cnar.ge
from a smoke abatement to an air resource management program are presented. The rapid
and dynamic transition made by the City of Chicago since 1962 in its air pollution control
activities are'explored in terms of organizatipnal*changes, training of professional and
nonprofessional personnel,' ^ambient:air quality-measurements, emission.inventory of commerical
and industrial operations directed toward issuance, of certificates of operation, evaluation of
health effects and'materials damage,, modifications to the municipal code, and the interrelation
ship of air .pollution control activities with urban planning and the regional complex. The
multtdiscipiine Public Health Service, Division of Air Pollution, Technical Assistance program
initiated in October 1962, and planned for a period offive year's is discussed. The
achievements, particularly since'1962,; in the many faceted Chicago air resource management
program together with some of its long-range plans are delineated:'
-- Authors', abst.
13 Catalytic Combustion of Atmospheric-Contaminants Over Hopcalite. - J.G. Christian and. J.E. Johnson. Intern. J. Air and Water'-Poll! 9, l-lO.IFeb. 1-965).-
Catalytic combustion `studies' showed that1,Hopcalite,, an unsupported'copracipitate of --. copper and manganese oxides, provides' substantially complete, oxidationjof vapors of several types of hydrocarbons, oxygenated compounds, nitrogen compounds, and halogenated com pounds at about 300*C. The lower-molecular-weight hydrocarbons proved resistant to oxidation; methane was oxidized only to the extent.of 30% even at 400*C. The organic nitrogen compounds produced the theoretical amount of carbon dioxide; as "well as-appreciable amounts'of nitrous oxide (N^O). Ammonia produced 70% nitrous oxide at 315*Cl., and.about 2% nitrogen dioxide (NO?). The decomposition of organic halogen compounds ranged from slight in the case of Freon-12 to virtually complete for methyl chloroform. In addition, new organic halides were formed by the oxidation of methyT chloroform and Freon-11. There is at least partial retention of halogen on the catalyst when Freon-114 B2 and Freon-1,1 are decomposed*. Aerosols of dioctyl phthalate, a hydrocarbon-type lubricating oil, and a friary!* phosphate ester lubricant were quantitatively oxidized by Hopcalite. at-300*C. ' .There are 18 references.
-- Public Health Eng. Absts.
924 Preventing Air Pollution by the'Catalytic Combustion of Industrial Waste Gas. C. Jungst. Fette, Seifen, Anstrichmittel 66, 349-352M1964).
Mercaptans decompose in air at lower'.temperature (250* instead of 950*) in the
presence of palladium, platinum or metallic oxide catalysts. The catalysts are prepared so
that they have a large surface area. Their activities at 250*;- 300* and 350* with,various rates
of gas flow have been studied. The critical rate,of flow,..when practically all the mercaptan ;
burnt away, was'similar at all these temperatures. The apparatus consists of a heat ex
changer which raises the temperature of*the incoming gases, a regulator and heater which raises
the gases to the. required temperature., and beds of catalyst.* The poisoning and regeneration of
catalysts has been studied. The method of calculating the cost of purifying gases with this
apparatus is given.
'
"
Public Health Eng. Absts.
MANAGEMENT ASPECTS
"125 The Alcoholic in industry and the Role of the Personnel Specialist.* Cornell University Seminar.. New York State School of Industrial and Labor Relations. Conference Notes. Ind. Med. fc Surg. 34, 571 -572 (July, 1965). '
In an all day seminar (January 14,' 1964) sponsored by Cornell University, 20 Personnel Specialists from diverse government;' financial and industrial organizations critically examined some of the issues connected with alcoholism and occupational health. In general,, the conference
"
I 01 132 2S3e
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September. 1965
participants confronted many of the unspoken, but real, problems which plague company-based alcoholism control programs. The conference focussed on the policy aspects of an effective program. There was considerable disagreement over whether an effective program needed the general approval of top management. Management tends to be problem-oriented. Therefore, a policy in this area should aim at solving a management problem. Hence, the major elements of an effective policy include: (1) Realization of the need by top management for some consistent action. (2) Recognition of alcoholism as a disease, with the caveat that the policy is designed only to treat problem drinking not social drinking. (3) Provision for early identification. (4) A stress on rehabilitation--a positive approach and not a witch hunt. (5) Laying of the ground work for constructive coercion. (6) Provisions for periodic reevaluation of results. (7) Modification of other policies such as major medical or sick leave. It was the consensus of the meeting that a unique alcoholic policy was necessary--one that was separate and distinct from the general medical health program of the organization.
92 6 Reaction of Supervisors to Emotionally Disturbed Employees. A Study of Deviation in a Work Environment. H.M. Trice. J. Occ. Med. 7, 177-188 (May, 1965).
Despite the advantages of focusing on man-boss relations as a source of data in deviancy
studies, it has rarely been done. The current study attempts this by using job supervisors of
diagnosed alcoholics, psychotics, and neurotics as subjects. The study included, for com
parative purposes, bosses of a representative sample of supervisors of "normals." An
exploratory study provided the raw materials for a structured interview. By responding to
this, the subjects generated the study data. In addition, company personnel representatives
estimated change and visibility aspects of jobs occupied by diagnosed employees. Chi-square-
type measures determined whether there was association between types of employees (alcoholic,
psychotic, neurotic, and "normal") and variables such as boss and task changes, social
visibility, supervisor ratings, definition as a problem, inclination to take action, inclination
to use the medical department program, and various "blocks" and "pushes" to use the medical
department. In addition, a criterion of response to therapy permitted an assessment of
association between boss attitude toward the medical department program and response to
therapy.
-- Cond. from author's summary
ACCIDENTS AND PREVENTION
927 Traumatic Aneurysm of the Axillary Artery: A Golf Hazard. J. Rosensweig andM.A. Simon. Can. Med. Assn. J. 92. U5-167 (July 24, 1965).
A unique case of post-traumatic axillary artery aneurysm following a violent golf stroke is reported and the probable mechanism of injury is described. The lesion was success fully treated by aneurysmectomy and reconstruction of the axillary artery.
- Authors' summary
928 Injury Produced by Seat Belts, Report of Two Cases. P. Fisher. J. Occ. Med. 7, 211-212 (May, 1965).
Severe and nearly fatal injuries resulted from the trauma of moderate collision in a per
son wearing a 3-point combination diagonal and lap belt. It does not reasonably follow that the
use of restraining devices should be discarded because they can cause injury. This blanket con
demnation is favored by those who are uniformed or do not choose to use seat belts. The prime
purpose of a restraining device, to minimize injury, may have been served. Perhaps the case
described in this report indicates some flaws in the diagonal-lap belt combination, with which
all the forces center themselves at one point of greatest strain. Evidence already considerable
and further presented here suggests that abdominal complications occur with wearing of the lap
belt too high on the abdomen. The passenger in question, short and obese, did in fact always
wear it high. Probably best is the full shoulder harness restraint, which distributes the forces
of collision more evenly. We now need better, safer automobile design to enable proper in
stallation of suitable restraining devices.
-- Author's discussion
01 132 2837
27.
Industrial Hvgiene Digest
1
September. l ^65
INDEX
Accident(s) golf hazard injury from seat belts
927 '928
Aerosol! s)
chemical methods used in researches
908
Air analysis checking instruments at remote sites
Air and water pollution control,. USAF Fourth Annual Bio-Environmental Engineering Symposium(bk. rev.)
904 ` 830
Air pollutants
nitro-olefins
, .
polynuclear hydrocarbon emissions
from industry
907 903 :
Air pollution
a health concern
,
920,
and disease
919
bacterial emissions from sludge units
918
cardiovascular diseases
921 .
control
catalytic combustion of waste gases:'
924
Chicago
922
oxidation of contaminants over Hopcalite 923
measurement(s)
detection of constituents
917
, i
'. ,
.
'.
'
Book(s) continued
'Steel Mill Ventilation '
USAF Fourth Annual Bio-Environmental
' Engineering Symposium, Water and
- ( Air Pollution Control
Burns
j mesh skin grafting ! | treatment with oxygen bandage and
asiaticoside
' Cancer
-
.
! from asphalt fractions
1 lung -.
! among uranium miners
experimental in hamsters
Carcinogens .dimethylnitrosamine t motor engine oil additives
' synergism among oral
Cardiovascular diseases ! effect of air pollution in Los Angeles
Chemical toxicology progress in (bk.rev.)
Chicago air pollution control
332
'
330 '
867
366
383 397 333
375 368 869
921
834
922
Alcoholism role of personnel specialist
Allergy(ies) insect stings
Chromate(s)
925
: histopathologic effects .
372
'
c
. Cold(s),common
'
861
cultivation of virus in organ cultures
346
Alphazurine 2 C anaphylactic death from
DDA (Dichlorodiphenyl acetic acid)
876
excretion levels
880
Asphalt
cancer in mice from
883
Audiometry
in industry
894
Aviation
heart disease among pilots
848
Benzene hexachloride!Lindane)
aplastic anemia from
879
Book(s)
directory of safety and construction codes 827
guide for grading eye irritation by hazard-
ous substances
831
installation!s) of
bulk oxygen systems
828
sprinkler systems
829
Occupational Health Practices--Iron and
Steel Industry
833
Progress in Chemical Toxicology
834
Dermatitis^ dermatosis(es)
cutaneous carbohydrate studies
jfrom pyairie crocus
^ jin miners from a rare beetle
lincomycin therapy
. sensitivity in atopic dermatitis
'synthetic .oil of mustard
" :i_i:
Dichlorodiphenyl acetic acid (DDA)
'excretion levels
l
'
Dimethylnitrosamine
_
iliver tumors in hamsters
, ,, ,
T, .
Dust collector!s) collection Maba-Tron Electrofilter
Dust counting, determination
tyndalloscope with electrical
' i _ ' V- ' '
'' : '
Ejector venturi scrubber
energy and efficiency.
indicator
858 860 862 865 864 859
880
875
888
886
337
01 132 2833
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September,
Electric body currents in live line work
Emphysema experimental
Environment a health concern
Industrial medicine
915
employee health services in hospitals
535
human factors
s36
85'
Insecticides
comparative hazards from
effect on mental alertness
920
excretion levels of DDA
373 882 880
Eye contact lenses and the railroad industry 844
Eye irritation
guide tor grading by hazardous substances
(bk. rev .)
831
Insects serum sickness after bee sting sting allergy
Iron and steel industry occupational health practices (bk. rev )
863 861
333
Fallout shelters
Leukemia
tests of potassium superoxide canisters 902
causes of death in acute
349
Filter(s)
Maba-Tron Electrofilter
888
Fire installation of sprinkler systems (bk. rev. ) 829
Gas(es)
cleaning with ejector venturi scrubber
887
Grip measurement
in pre-placement evaluation
839
Gynecologic disease
relation to environment
841
Hair spray
thesaurosis from
884
Lift trucks
how to select safe
909
safety for
0 10
Lindane(bcnzene hexachloride)
aplastic anemia from
879
Los Angeles
cardiovascular diseases from air
pollution
921
Low-back
disc surgery
851
Mercury
pulmonary retention and excretion of
vapors
873
Health
education in industry
837
examinations
grip measurement
839
improvements in outpatient department 838
Hearing loss
audiometry in industry
894
Heart disease among aircraft pilots clinical management of refractory
848' 847
Mesh skin grafting
Motor engine oil additives carcinogenic action
Mycobacterial skin tests
Nickel studies of carcinogenesis
Nitro-olefins in polluted air
867 868 845 874 907
Hepatitis from contaminated food
Hexachlorophenc soaps effects on bacterial counts
Hopcalite oxidation of atmospheric contaminants
Hydrofluoric acid treatment of burns
Hydrogen sulfide standard method of air monitoring
Noise control and reduction
850
in hydraulic systems
principles and procedures
856
Obesity
the overweight problem
923
Occupational health practices
iron and steel industry (bk. rev.)
871
Ophthalmology
contact lenses in the railroad industry
905
Oxygen, installations of bulk systems
(bk.rev.)
29.
01 132 2833
896 895 340 3 33 344 828
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September , L?c5
Peroxide s
safety considerations in industrial use
916
Triphenylmethane dye (alphazurine 2 G)
anaphylactic death from
;~6
Pesticides later pollution from
T uberculosis
881
mycobacterial skin tests
645
Phosphorus safe r.andiing
U ranium
870
lung cancer among miners
897
Psychiatry tor small industries
Ventilation
842
steel mill (bk. rev.)
a 32
Psychology reaction of supervisors to emotionally disturbed employees
Radiation (ionizing. nuclear, x-rays,etc.) amino acid excretion in patients chromosome aberrations in workers miniature warning dosimeter role of health physicist
Resptrator(s) nelium leak.detection method
Safety chemical plant design engineer's viewpoint insurance company viewpoint safety director's viewpoint directory of safety and construction codes (bk.rev.) responsibility of top management
Seat belts injury produced by
926
898 899 900 901
885
913 911 912 827 914
928
Waste disposal
bacterial emissions from activated
sludge units
3 16
Water and air pollution control
USAF Fourth Annual Bio-Environmental
Engineering Symposium (bk. rev . )
a30
Water pollution
effects of pesticides
881
Welding carbon monoxide hazard in arc-welding hazards from aluminum flux health and safety hazards respiratory hazards
892 893 891 890
Women
gynecologic disease and environment
841
Wound infections
epidemic of streptococcal
6 54
Silicosis
analysis of multiple x-ray readings
889
Smoking
histoiogic changes in esophagus
852
Soaps
effects on bacterial counts
856
Streptococcal wound infections
854
Styrene
pulmonary vapor retention
877
Sulfuric acid
mist from sulfuric acid plant
906
Tension myositis
843
Tetanus-Diphtheria toxoid
reactions to
855
Thesaurosis from inhaled hairspray
884
Trauma golf hazard tension myositis
927 843
30.
01 132 2840
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September, i'365
ADDRESSES OF JOURNALS ABSTRACTED
Air Eng. Air Engineering Business News Publishing 150 West Fort St. Detroit, Michigan 48226
Company
Am, J. CUn. Pathol. American Journal of Clinical Williams & Wilkins Company 428 East Preston St. Baltimore, Maryland 21202
Pathology
Am. J. Surg. The American Journal of Surgery The Reuben H. Donnelley Corp. 466 Lexington Ave. New York, N. Y. 10017
Anesthesiology The Journal of the American Society of
Anesthesiologists, Inc. 3 Penn Center Plaza Philadelphia, Pa. 19102
Ann. Occ. Hyg. (London) Annals of Occupational Hygiene British Occupational Hygiene Society London, England
Arch. Dermatol. Archives of Dermatology 535 North Dearborn St. Chicago, 111. 60610
Arch. Environmental Health Archives of Environmental Health 535 North Dearborn St. Chicago, 111. 60610
Brit, J, Cancer British Journal of Cancer H. K. Lewis h Company, Ltd. 1 36 Cower St. London WC1, England
Brit. J. Dermatol. British Journal of Dermatology H.K. Lewis h Company , Ltd. 136 Gower St. London WC1, England
Brit. Med. J. British Medical Journal Tavistock Square London WC1, England
Can. Med. Assn. J. The Canadian Medical Association Journal 150 St. George St. Toronto 5, Canada
Chem. Eng. Chemical Engineering McGraw-Hill Book Company, Inc. 330 West 42nd St. New York, N.Y. 10036
Chem. Eng. News Chemical h Engineering News 1155 Sixteenth St. , N.W. Washington, D.C. 20036
Chem. Eng. Progr. Chemical Engineering Progress 345 East 47th St. New York, N. Y. 10017
Electrical World McGraw-Hill Book Company, 330 West 42nu St. New York, N.Y. 10036
Inc.
Fette, Seifen, Anstrichmittel Industrleverlag Von Hernhaussen KG Hamburg 11, Germany
Health Phys. Health Physics Pergamon Press, Inc. 122 East 55th St. New York, N. Y. 10022
Ind. Eng. Chem. Industrial & Engineering Chemistry American Chemical Society 1155 Sixteenth St. , N. W. Washington, D.C. 20006
Ind. Med. & Surg. Industrial Medicine fc Surgery P.O. Box 306 Miami, Florida 33144
Intern. J. Air and Water Poll. International Journal of Air and Pergamon Press 122 East 55th St. New York, N.Y. 10022
Water
Pollution
J. Air Poll. Control Assn. Journal of the Air Pollution Control Association 4400 Fifth Ave. Pittsburgh, Pa. 15213
J. Am. Med. Assn. The Journal of the American Medical Association 535 North Dearborn St. Chicago, 111. 60610
J. Am. Soc. Safety Eng. Journal of the American Society of Safety Engineer 5 North Wabash Ave. , Chicago, 111. 60602
01 132 28il
Industrial Hygiene Digest
September, 1965
J Invest, Dermatol. Journal of investigative Dermatology Williams It Wilkins Company 428 East Preston 5t, Baltimore, Maryland 21202
J. Natl. Cancer Inst. Journal ot the National Cancer Suoermtendent of Documents Government Printing Office Washington, D.C. 20035
Institute
J. Occ Med. Journal of Occupational Medicine Hoeber Medical Division of Harper it Row
Publishers 2 Park Ave. New York, N.Y. 10016
Laval Med. Lavai Medical Faculte de Medecine, Quebec, Canada
Universite Laval
Machine Design Penton Publishing Company Penton Bldg. Cleveland, Ohio 44113
Radiation Res. Radiation Research Academic Press, In*. New York, N. Y. 10003
Safety Maintenance Alfred M. Best Company, Best Bldg. , 75 Fulton St. New York, N.Y 10038
Inc.
Staub VDI-Verlag GmbH Postfach 10 250, Bongardstrasse 3 Dusseldorf, Germany
Tellus Svenska Geofysiska Foreningen Lindhagensgatan 124 Stockholm, Sweden
Welding Engr. Welding Engineer Publications, 4050 N. Milwaukee Ave. Chicago, 111. 60641
Inc.
Military Med. Military Medicine Association of Military Surgeons of the United States 1500 Massachusetts Ave. , N. W. Washington, D.C. 20005
Modern Concrete Pit it Quarry Publications, 431 S. Dearborn St. Chicago, 111. 60605
Inc.
New Ejigl. J. Med. The New England Journal of Medicine 8 Fenway Boston, Mass. 02215
New Engl. Water Works Assn. J. New England Water Works Association Journal 73 Tremont St. Boston, Mass. 02108
Proc. Roy. Soc. Med. Proceedings of-.the Royal Society of Medicine H. K. Lewis It Company, Ltd. 136 Gower St. London WC1, England
Public Health Repts. Public Health Reports Department of Health, Education It Welfare Washington, D.C. 20201
Public Works Public Works Journal Corporation 200 S. Broad St. Ridgewood, N.J.
32.