Document 5MMaYoJ43E0E2LjNX1XRq1a4

Environmental Considerations for Stain-Resistant Upholstery Objectives Offer the point-of-view of manufacturers of (semi)durable textiles Brief overview of C6 for textiles Draw distinctions between textile end-uses Compare performance of alternatives Listen to the customer Consider the consequences of removing stain resistance Numerous Products Benefiting from FluoroTechnology SEMICONDUCTORS Fluorinated chemistries are essential to the manufacturing environment of micro-technology. Leam AUTOMOTIVE Today's safe and fuel-efficient trucks, buses and automobiles rely on the unique, high-performance properties of FluoroTechnology. AEROSPACE Fluorinated chemistries play a role in the creation of a number of critical components of airplanes and helicopters. Consumer Products Benefiting from PFAS Sport Band Custom high-performance fluoroelastomer with a pin-and-tuck closure. How is PFAS used in textiles? Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) - Pe rfl uoroa Ikyl ca rboxylic acids (PFCAs) _ Perfiuoroalkyl acids (PFAAs) _-- Pe rfl uoroa Ikane sulfonic acids (PFSAs) Cn F2n+11? -- Pe rfl uoroa Ikyl phosphonic acids (PFPAs) -- Perfluoroalkyl phosphinic adds (PFPlAs) Perfluoroalkane sulfonyl fluoride (PAST) Pia-based derivatives Cnf2n+602F CnF2n+1502-R.R = NH,NHCH2CH20H,etc, Perfluoro iodides (PFAls) O12nril Fluorotelomer iodoes (FT1s) CnF2r1+1CH2CI-I2I FT-based der natives CnF2n+1CH2CH2-R, R NH, IHCH2CH2QH, etc. Per- and polyfluoroalkyl ethers (PFPEO-based derivatives - Polyfluoroalkyl ether carboxylic acids -- Fiuoropolymers Polytetrafluoroethylene (FTFE), Polyvinyl iciere fluoride (PVDF), Fluorinated ethylene propylene (FEP), Perfluoroalkoxyl polymer (PFA), etc. Fluorinated (meth)acrylate polymer Side-chain fluorinated polymers -- Fluorinated urethane polymers Fluorinated oxetane polymers - Perfluoropolyethers Effectiveness can be achieved with as low as 0.1% fluorine. C6 fluorinated side-chain Crosslinked polymeric network for durability F F F FF F l l l ll l C C C C C C F l l l ll l F F F FF F F F F FF F l l l ll l C C C C C C F l l l ll l F F F FF F F F F FF F l l l ll l C C C C C C F l l l ll l F F F FF F Polymer backbone Sheath: < 1% of finished fiber = Side-chain fluorinated polymer Fiber Cross-Section !tot,,W Is stain resistance necessary in Textiles? Answer depends on type of textile Fast fashion Fast fashion is a term used to describe a highly profitable business model based on replicating catwalk trends and high-fashion designs, and mass-producing them at low cost. The term 'fast fashion' is also used to generically describe the products of the fast fashion business model. Wikipedia Feedback vs vs "Essential" use factors Fast Fashion Outer Wear Spot-Cleanable Functional Relative Cost Durability Stain Exposure Machine Wash No Cheap No Yes Yes Yes High Yes Limited Yes Yes High / very high Yes Yes No or Limited New York 10,t-rm ' i',"41i:.!!! : II! thi 1,1; m t..;- ark London Chicago !tot,,W How do non-fluorinated repellents compare? Repellency and Cleanability Comparison No Treatment Before Spot-Cleaning soy sauce oil & vinegar dressing soda steak sauce vinegar hot coffee ketchup red wine corn oil water hot sauce olive oil No Treatment After Spot-Cleaning No Treatment After Spot-Cleaning soy chocolate sauce syrup salad oil & vinegar dressing dressing soda steak sauce vinegar mayonnaise hot coffee ketchup red wine corn oil water mustard hot sauce olive oil Non-Fluorinated Repellent Before Spot-Cleaning Non-Fluorinated Repellent Before Spot-Cleaning oil & vinegar dressing vinegar corn oil hot sauce olive oil Non-Fluorinated Repellent After Spot-Cleaning chocolate syrup oil & vinegar dressing hot coffee corn oil hot sauce olive oil C6 Side-Chain Fluorinated Repellent Before Spot-Cleaning C6 Side-Chain Fluorinated Repellent After Spot-Cleaning How does non-fluorinated technology compare? Okay Repellency of water-based liquids and stains can be comparable Not okay Stain resistance is inferior ... and will lead to premature replacement What do customers say? Interior Design Surveys ACT October 2016 MARK STRAUSS, President Emeritus Interior Design" FACTORS MOST IMPORTANT WHEN SPECIFYING TEXTILES aesthetic/design (style/pattern] color selection durability/quality dleanability/maintenance price tactile quality (textile, feel, hand] available/delivery time sustainability ---- FACTORS MOST IMPORTANT WHEN SPECIFYING TEXTILES duribility/qualiC ty m aesthetic/design (style/pattern) deanability SC color selection tactile quality (texture, feel, hand) price available/delivery time sustainability FACTORS MOST IMPORTANT WHEN SPECIFYING TEXTILES cleanability/maintenance --- aesthetic/design (style/pattern) color selection tactile quality (texture, feel, hand) durability/quality price sustainability available/delivery time Down-sides of removing stain resistance Repulsive stains and odors in fabrics and cushions Customer dissatisfaction Higher maintenance cost Higher replacement cost Diminished design choices - switch to coated fabrics Negative environmental impact Landfill More harsh cleaners and disinfectants More fossil fuels, water, greenhouse gases and effluent Down-sides of removing stain resistance I l n " Quantifying the environmental down-side facts Sustainability Certification Program Development Partners ++ = NSF/ANSI 336 Sustainability Attributes Fiber Composition 20% fiber sourcing 30% safety of materials Manufacturing Process 6% water conservation 6% water quality 12% energy 2% air quality 12% recycling practices 12% social accountability Energy Consumption Estimates 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Polyester Polymer and Yarn Coloration Fabric Formation Finishing Packaging, Transport, Trade Energy (MJ/lin yd) Non-Repellent Fabric 39.6 5.7 3.2 0.5 29.2 Repellent Fabric 39.6 5.7 3.2 7.2 29.2 Sources: NCTO Member Companies, Young S. Song et al "Life Cycle energy analysis of fiber-reinforced composites" Impact of removing fabric stain resistance - US Commercial Market Potential Change in Energy Consumption 2000 1500 1000 breakeven at -9% 500 0 -500 shortening lifespan -1000 % Change in Fabric Lifespan Millions MJ 0% -2% -4% -6% -8% -10% -12% -14% -16% -18% -20% -22% -24% -26% -28% -30% -32% -34% -36% -38% -40% -42% -44% -46% -48% -50% Impact of removing fabric stain resistance - US Commercial Market Approximately 59M yd Potential Change in Energy Consumption 2000 1,405 MM MJ 1500 1000 Reducing lifespan from 5 to 3 years = -40% 500 0 -500 shortening lifespan -1000 % Change in Fabric Lifespan Millions MJ 0% -2% -4% -6% -8% -10% -12% -14% -16% -18% -20% -22% -24% -26% -28% -30% -32% -34% -36% -38% -40% -42% -44% -46% -48% -50% Impact of removing fabric stain resistance - US Commercial Market Approximately 59M yd Impact of removing fabric stain resistance - US Commercial Market Impact of removing fabric stain resistance due to energy inputs US Commercial Market Approximately 59M yd Impact of removing fabric stain resistance due to energy inputs US Commercial Market OR Approximately 59M yd That was just energy consumption Sustainability Attributes Fiber Composition 20% fiber sourcing 30% safety of materials Manufacturing Process 6% water conservation 6% water quality 12% energy 2% air quality 12% recycling practices 12% social accountability Closing Thoughts A very small amount of FluoroTechnology effectively extends the useful life of expensive furnishings (without hindering recyclability) Special consideration should be given to functional, durable, spotcleanable textiles Only FluoroTechnology provides resistance to oily stains The high molecular weight polymer poses no concern for bioaccumulation or toxicity Degradation product of the latest generation FluoroTechnology is well-studied and has an improved environmental profile Removing oily stain resistance would have quantifiable, negative environmental consequences Be = = ~1- & O INOA 3I V/ ALA RT V T TJHY EE CTS Be | 'u-I.. f f -'p i ` \ " ...P `"l -s.c IS.Cr .,:! l.ii IICri4i.i"c'i"-i.'ay.i-.'-a'. 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