Document 5LzVOr2OZMv3V9yqbz0X1Me04

TOXIC TRACES FaBBaennyytHddSrMiSukaikeeasershyEhEaad2dA0gAcs0]esel5lraralyin,,aianMMn,i.i,nnAnAnememsesoerotritiaaccaaPPnnuubbRlRliaiaccddiRRiooaaWWddiooioorr,,kkss Februar~ 2005 `33aMMntiaa-nnsnntaooiuunnnsccpeerddayiinnco22n00t00a00intthehdaattchiittewwmaiacssalppshhaatsosixinnigcg tooouuttlaiibttssappnoiopmpauulllsaa.rr TSShccoeottccchhheggmaairrcddalppsrroohddauucdcattl,,sbboeecctaauuurssneeedtthhueep In'the bloodof 3M workers, though the company anti-stain spray contained chemicals toxic to lab in the blood of 3M workers, though the company said its employees were not harmed. animals. The chemicals had also turned said its employees were not harmed. up 3M3M iMnnpperrosooddtuuacceePddubttlhhieec ccRhhaeedmimiocicaaalnlssd aaAttmieittrssippcllaaannnttRIianndCCioootWtttoaarggkeesGGfrrooouvvneed,, tM Mhiainntnneeesvsoeotntaa.a.fAAtnneriin3nvvMeessstatiiiggdaatIttiioownnoubblyyd no blM loeonifnngognreeeerrsmom ittaaabkkeePeguattbhnhleeicattnoRoyxxaiiidccnioqccuhhiaeernmim diesciAc.aam llsse,,rittchhaeen Minnesota Pollution RadioWorks found Minnesota Pollution Control Agency let that even after 3M Control Agency let two said two years pass it would no years pass before it began any inquiries. TeTnhhveeissrttooonrrmyyenrraatii,sseeassndqquuaeebssottuiiotonnwsshaaebbtohoueutrt w wsthhaooteiissagrreeessnppcoionensssiiabbrlleee ffdooorrintthgheeenssaaofufeegtthyy ootfof ttphhreeotppeuucbtblliciccitaaiznneddnstthhfeerom etonxviicrocnhm emeicnat,lsa.nd about whether state agencies are doing enough to protect citizens from toxic chemicals. 22000044..00000011 Exhibit 2004 tthhee sscdieennccee S5eal) SStrel chhe emiosfSctotcrhaayrd ~The chemistry of Scotchqard Uni 2000, 1 ros Eh sole manflcture of the pefluorineted chemicals used a Until 2000, 3M was the sole manufacturer of the pe~luorinated chemicals used in Scotchgard and Cuponts Teflon, Those chemicals sty ih the environment, and have contaminated drinking water in at Scotchgard and DuPont's Teflon. Those have contaminated drinking water in at least one chemicals least one Minnesota ciy. stay in the environment, Minnesota city. and tthhe neiigghboorrs ByVEiEEJB Sochtoouretthheeirsswafaetsy.an MCA or SuperfuL nd dean progear,e peosle who ed SSW I~QQ uesu tione sffrrs oommt tthhei eccooommmmn unuins tityy Before there was an MPCA or a Super~und cleanuP) program, people who lived near 3N's Cottage Grove plant and its nearby landfi!l in Woodbuw had questions about their safety. tthhee ppoolliittiiocss a I~MPCA: "Not a research aqency" \respectec MPCA scertet clashes with her bosses over wha the agency shoud A respected MPCA scientist clashes with her bosses over what the agency should do about peruoronated chemicals. do about perfluoronated chemicals. the company the corn iLae SnaaSl E h ~33M14'a 'ss hn andd linaol offtthhi eessin ittuuaattg iioonn 1." of what is known about perfluorochemicals comes from manufacturiekres Much of what is known about perfluorochemicals comes from manufacturers like 3H, which ha researched the for years. 3M 1s facing several lass over 3M, which has researched them for years. 3H is facing several lawsuits over Contamination contamination. [BPE tthhee ffuuttuurree LLPemd (TT~oEhthlwWheehehrrraeaessstuheechaaaharrpccpShphpuebeninnsntttsoosannppneceeeexfrxsfltltuu??rooerrmooaccihhnaemmuinicccaealglssuliiastbbeeediinnaggndraaummnpspeteudddiuueppd,,.eevveenn a5 as thousands thousands of of other such substances remain unregulated and unstudied. CeITaBnaBglSl S E OAL IRES RTM TspT~uIhThpeehhpsssleeryo,c Icfonhtnehalqemrh buirceleaaoaolosccdhhrroai orfeoeoff3wwcpiMic ddehpeerlfsslaeppunrrtoea merawaodoidcrakahcres reooramsuu,nnilcddaaststlhhsweeewlwolroasdrl,df,isffhoo,uunnbiddrdiinsnttehhneedU.UaSn.S.i.mabblllosooolddiving far 9 0 rsuopmplyc,hethmiecabllofoadctoofri3eHs plant workers, as well as fish, birds and animals living far from chemical factories. 22000044..00000022 PbyriikoenE$a3t5,08Mesa Pb Ro PPaarrtt 11:: TThhee sscciieennccee by Hike Edqerl, Minnesota Public Radio February 22, 2005 by ike Egan ines ub Ro by Hike EdQerlv, Minnesota Public Radio P, a $5605 0 February 22, 2005 WC EE [S Rbeyi ab.t [I3M headquarters In Maplewood, Minnesota. ea oat en oe arr Chemical contamination found in wells and landfills peo Coo ass ed in Washington County has been linked to mae te rane substances made by 3M. (MPR Photo/Melanie ws Sommer) 5M announcement in 2000 that twas phasingoutis popular Scotchgard producedt 0.2 3M's announcement in 2000 that it was phasing out its popular Scotchgard product led to a ajo nvemgaon by ie Fedral Eonmentoy Proton Rooney. The anes sore major investigation by the Federal Environmental Protection Agency. The anti-stain spray Canines chemicals toxic toh animal. Te charcal Nod alse rrad i tv blood of contained chemicals toxic to lab animals. The chemicals had also turned up in the blood of Sooners hoca the compan ord es amptevees ware nok aremee: 3M workers, though the company said its employees were not harmed. on th sate level, a Investigation by Minnesots Public Radio and AmaricanRadio Works On the state level, an investigation by Minnesota Public Radio and American Radio Works ound tha avn afte Su Sa1 ot ng topser ake in chemical, the Himesh found that even after 3M said it would no longer make the chemicals, the Minnesota Fahalon Comtot grey lktw vears ass pore began any ilo. 3 developed he Pollution Control Agency let two years pass before it began any inquiries. 3M developed the Creme Come Ghee Mimesors Tra MCh move mt con any ahr Sm chemicals in Cottage Grove, Minnesota. The MPCA moved into action only after 3M Corosched io say the ingwater ok 1 Cottage Grove Chemica pant was approached it, to say the drinking water at its Cottage Grove chemical plant was psi] contaminated. Dg ---- Over the next two years, the MPCA's top researcher on new chemicals was repeatedly Cred ne name te restate how or ts tors wove prec: denied the chance to investigate how far the toxins may have spread. The sory rases questions about who s respansile fr the safe of the public and the The story raises questions about who is responsible for the safety of the public and the ra an whoa sos ene are do roo te protec eens from environment. And about whether state agencies are doing enough to protect citizens from Toe heme, toxic chemicals. St.Paul, ion. On Jan. 25, 2005, Oakdale residents eamed ther drinking water ws contaminated St. Paul, Minn. -- On Jan. 25, 2005, Oakdale residents learned their drinking water was contaminated Rene: fay eae with chemicals formerly made by 3M. At the news conference, bith deparmnt scientist ond Oakes mayor and some of is sat at At the news conference, health department scientists joined Oakdale's mayor and some of his staff at yl aut tnd tf Sr ch wel Shem kv of he wer Comat Sk city hall to get out the word -- tests of six city wells showed that five of them were contaminated. But er ea nav the amounts of the chemicals -- called PFOA and PFOS -- were small. 22000044..00000033 zi ML"LeaevyveoelrlssCffaooruumnneddniinnSaooruufrracflokoc.caall weltwells do do not not exceed exceed those those health-based health-based values," values," sidsaid Mayor Carmen Sarrack. L1/1X 1Smetrhaecruworiast, otookocktaersiwnaeteIrrowmatshesactitytondlr1e.p prormptoeodf nbtyheTcVarmeeproartsers, In other words, Oakdale's water was safe to drink. Prompted by TV reporters, Sarrack dutifully took a drink from the city hall tap in front of the cameras. oukcates i"lTlshearfet,e"rSnooornmackwesnitc.home for lunch and had two glasses of water, and I'm ~Oakdale's maar ma yor "This afternoon I went home for lunch and had two glasses of water, and I'm still here," Sarrack said. alc the second known location nthe U.S. where traces of PFOA and Oakdale is the second known location in the U.S. where traces of PFOA and $FOS have contaminated public water Supply. Drinking water neara West Virginia chemical plant PFOS have contaminated a public water supply. Drinking water near a West Virginia chemical plant Ras isc bean comaminated has also been contaminated. But 1ou got your lod tested today t would aise certainly contain tracesof both compounds But if you got your blood tested today, it would almost certainly contain traces of both compounds found In Oakdale' water. And you would not be alone. An estimated 95 percent of adults ond children found in Oakdale's water. And you would not be alone. An estimated 95 percent of adults and children inthe United States wouid tet positive for peruoraoctany sulfonate, known 83 PFOS, or elted in the United States would test positive for perfluorooctanyl sulfonate, known as PFOS, or a related compound, perueroocancic add, knowin 83 PFOA compound, perfluorooctanoic acid, known as PFOA. CoN ote j Re These chemicals are present araund the work, inducing nthe US. blood These chemicals are present around the world, including in the U.S. blood Supa, he bloc of SH pant workers, as well 3 sh, rds and animals ing supply, the blood of 3N plant workers, as well as fish, birds and animals living far om chemica factories. far from chemical factories. LRSZEREE 922 newUkrenotntiltP22iiFn0n0Ott00oSo00.,$S,Icc13tooMtwtccahwwhsgaasaapsrrrdtti.hhm.eaeSSrssicclooooylltteecemhhmmoggadoaanrsrnuddutofai1fasscctimmtuuaarrcdeeeerrpoofflfrfroaitomhnmsitsnafaDaccmehhmcieeatimmltyyiuiccrooaa,ffllccAtthhlhheeaaammbtitacibbcmarraateels.saa,,kkPsswwFhhOddiioAoccwwhhwnnos Scotchgang ~cotchqard pBpinrurtooPoddouuPnccFteeOddfSo.raatItutsS3weMWaI'ssn p3lanTtefIlnoCnobttraagneoGfronvoen,-sMtiickmcosn,ungasnd 504 to customers he primarily made at 3M's plant in Decatur, Alabama. PFOA was plant in Cottage Grove, Minnesota, and sold to customers like DuPont for use in its Teflon brand of non-stick coatings. SCOTCHGARD THE RESULT OF 'A LUCKY ACCIDENT' SCOTCHGARD THE RESULT OF 'A LUCKY ACCIDENT' SrSSreecceppoonututtcctaa2hh5ttgg.iiooaoplranrnnddaassissaooononnnefeee ooiooffnffnti33hehM'ees'sasmmlossaosii'sgtgstnnaaaabtddtuuummsrriieeirnreeeppdsdrrsooccddcououcommctpmtspsam,a,nunihhineeeelsyslpp,iiiInnnngagAAnmttmdoeorekieercianacaroar.nw.nttFFhhooeoerrrccmmoocoommorrprpeepaattonnhhryyaoannmmtialiglllciocioeoendrnnssttdurooerfyfey,dd,toos33lllMlMaaanrrshnsdaaaassinnnbbddaeenaaeecnnil SseUpepnarats aofpnilolanprrooffiMti,nnIencsloutadi'sngbuMisinnneesssotcaomPUmBuICnitRya,dain.d known for corporate good deeds and financial support of nonprofits, including Minnesota Public Radio. RR1o9a6cdsii,oo legend legend Arthur Arthur Gorey Godfrey was was fllfull of of praise praise for for 34 3M when when he he brought brought ishis C35 CBS show show to to Minneapolis Minneapolis in in 1969. ps n""YdYuoasuuikakynn.oowwKiwwnhdhoooftthhkeeyey aatrreeer!i33n4Mg,,momnyygSogeosrsh,h,,ssistoohnenenooaff1tythheeikggerreetaaottn nnaommeeossfk iItnnhAeAmmme.erriiccaann industry. Kind of like sterling on silver, is the way ! like to think of them." we eutsy<S3herman IiSCaMcplPkieeyedVdaITcOueUodmSreaon0ttcu.hrWeaemTtineocrna,icaso5am0p0bpatAnhasynsd1st9tS8aaC0nr5Rtt.UesBdB1tIneNnmtGhnaijso1nraboreo.snesaTrhdceahye,tfaconht(aonmneadPmaetusttyhiSanhgebreman (~Patsy Sherman Scotchgard started out as brillant success tory for 3. Itwas the rest of a Scotchgard started out as a brilliant success story for 3M. It was the result of a lucky accident. The company started a major research effort on something called fluorochemicals in the 1950s. In the lab one day, chemist Patsy Sherman spilled a mixture on a lab assistant's tennis shoe. The stain turned out to be impervious to water, soap and scrubbing. This ed to Innovative products fe marine irsighting foam, food packaging, This led to innovative products like marine firefighting foam, food packaging, and most famousiy, Scochgerd fabric potecor, troduced in 1956. and most famously, Scotchgard fabric protector, introduced in 1956. SPactostychSghoerrdmwaansf0oiartcwailtlhinhosuesgemweivnets.onInSc1o9t6c9h,gaWrdCCO ras' Soon and Eickson featured inventor Scotchgard was a hit with housewives. In 1969, WCCO radio's Boone and Erickson featured inventor Patsy Sherman for a call-in segment on Scotchgard. 22000044..00000044 pTebUalSl aSiI!"s"Iu'dchlliakkese tstooikaastskkesyyo?ouuarrsggkuueeedsstot nwwehhfeetehmetarlhoorrcenanoerotrt ,SSccoottcchhggaarrdd is is safeo safe to use use on on Rem items such as silk ties?" asked one female caller. BSRZEST5ZSARR RG ""TThhee sspprraayy ccaann pprroodduucctt sshhoouulldd bbee ssaaffee ffoorr aannyy pprroodduucctt tthhaatt iiss ssaaffee iinn Cocina. responded rate Sherman. "and ye, ik wi keep the gra of the drycleaning," responded Patsy Sherman. "And yes, it will keep the gravy off the Ceca the gravy cant ges to the tread. tie," because the gravy can't get to the thread. . Qcorhaartag Rich Purdy is former IM scientiat familia withthe chemicals in Scotchgard. ,Scotchqard ad Rich Purdy is a former 3M scientist familiar with the chemicals in Scotchgard. iton fabric, then t doe""sSSonoi:ifsoyyiooluuappuuetatstiyt.oonnOFppaayppoeeurr,,putththeeoggnrreeaayssoeeurddooceeasrspnnet'tt.ssooSaackkottthchhrrogouaurggdhhottrhheeStppaaalppteemr.ra.stIIfafyryooauu ppuutt 4tpitwr0ooopnebbrfrtraaiabennrsddi.css, Aootfnhfdeccnaatrrhiptpeeedtoottterhreseearnat'twtmmoseenondniltetssrafsthuhealaattpsryhho.aapvvOeeerrtttyyhoohauaft ippp,urrotopipteeGorortnsyts,yy"no'sstuaaryybcssraePPrapuukerrddtd.yoy.Sw."cnI"otatchshhaaegssaasttrhydho.o"soseer wonderful Stainmaster wonderful are properties. And the other wonderful property of it, it doesn't break down as easy." CONCERN ABOUT THE CHEMICALS CONCERN ABOUT THE CHEMICALS IeInnnvffiaarccott,,nmsseccneiten.nttsiSstctssiensstaaiyys,,tsppeearrrffelulsuouorolrcoshctheuamdmyiicicanaglsshliiokkewe PtPhFFeOOySSeaannntdderPPhFFuOOmAAanddsoo,rnt'btubbtrreeIaa'skk cdooouwwgnnhaatttaaollllbinen Etthhheerough air and water environment. Scientists are still studying how they enter humans, but it's thought to be through air and water. OOprnnoccteeeittnhheeicnchthehememibcilcaoalolssdasartrereeaiinmn,tthhaeendbboocddiyyr,c,u33laMMt''ess tmmheedrdioiccauall tddiihrreebccottcooyrr.ODr.r. Lory Larry 2abel Zobel says says they they hitch hitch ride a ride ith with protein in the bloodstream, and circulate through the bocly. CCUITE]| B QEEFb WaPiUlI]] ants tary Q,3M's Larry Zobel Zobel n0 w"TThehicdeyhy'rmmetiiigvvcceehhrrtbyyogoouudonytnool.ikkafeoaxttaopottoihrerienrttroeommbZbaaooobntnteeeelr..ei.aTTrls"hhTeeothhsseeeasytmmbggaaitetetnteririintiaaolttlhssphereddoootbbnenooti'dd.tn.yyiTTaanhhnncteec~hyye'srsrtteoaaacyyaacdc3att.iiovlvoeeTnnllhgygyemttminomioveeveir,i,nngg arreeresommtuooinvvndeeesst,httehahenbedmomadsaaytnn,"ddheeaaxyccptrtluuaeaailnmlllsyoyvZeeexoxcdbcrdreeelo.tteew"ssTnhtthehteyehmembiIniinnndtetthtshoteeipnbberiiollett,e.hiSSnyooianttrhhetreheyyee ggabeeblottsooiidnr.toboTethtdhheeealgiavienr. SSipnrootoetttshehtieeinnyyeacc,noodammntdeeheabbysaacccthkkirettchyhur'lrroaeoutuegmghhsoovtthmeheede down the intestine cmiorrceul.a"tion back to circulation back to the fiver, they are the liver, they e-attach to re-absorbed again. they re-attach to protein and they circulate some more." fZZoooubrb.eellSssciaaeyynsstiPPsFRtOsOSSsassyttaatyyhssatiinncththheemeihhcauulmmsaatnnhbbaoosddyytyaabbioonuutttheifivvbeeoydyeeyaarorsrs,,saiancnddk aPPrFFoOOuAAndaalltmmhoeosstt environmentaren't four. Scientists say environment aren't necessaray problem -- that chemicals that stay necessarily a problem -- unless they in the body unless they tu ou t be or stick around turn out to be toxic. the toxic. RcRioiccmhhpaPPnuuyrr'ddsyy spsraaoyydssucwwthhsee,nninhhceelujjodoiiinnnegeddSc33oMMtchiinnga11r99d8.811,,Heiitt swwaaaysss hihissefjnooobbttitcooedeevvtaahllutuaattteheetthhceeheeemnnivcviairrloonsntm mreeuncntttaualrlesosaafffeePttFyyOooAff ttahhneed cPoFmOSpa~n~yc'sarpbroonduactttsa,cihnecdlutdoinfgluSorciontech--gawrads. SHemsiaaysr0heotnhoetricweedllth-acht othwen echnevmiricoanl msetrnu)cttuorxeino.f PFOA and PFOS -- carbon attached to fluorine -- was similar to other well-known environmental toxins. "t"YhYoeouuskaknnmooeww--aabboionuuttthccehhilpoearrriininaaatiteecddtccahhbeelmemiicca2allssri---g--httnhheeexdtdiictoxxiiCnnshsoaarnnedd.DDODTTAaannnddd5ss0oo yffooorurtthhw.o..u...l.dFFleluuxooprreiincnete btbeehlltoonntgghssettoydo tbdbhieeednss'isitmmaimhillaaaevrre-ii-nno-sstieneavvetehtrrheaaalltpppesrrrhooiopopedveriectrtiditeeasstb,,h""leass, aatiytyh'ssseyPPruiwgurerhddryty.en. ev"EeExvrtveyetrortyyocooxhinnlceeoroniirnneammn.y.yy.t.hggiArrnoonguud,ppsbhohuaatyddowucceoownnlccooeeourrklndnessdeaaoxbtbpooefutuctittnttthhwheaeomtm.tWh..eo-...yy'dWW.ee. dOtOeindsnetni'nwwtgaah,ssabvtheehcaaodttuaysytaoeouutshsosahhmtooeusublhloddodwffyiiennddcd ltaohsuuta.ti.ts tBBGhuouetitynttghwheeteooroteothhoveeekrrroyoonfntaoetxhiiiessc,,sottthhrraauatctntaeyuvvrtheeeninnagniIfd, ttbhahueestyyk waatehrreeelnona'o,tu,koeyysdootuuoantnnsee.itee"iddn t do the two ways. to do the testing, because somebody else is going to look at the structure and ask the questions." aPPnuudrrddtyyhsseaacyyhssemiinnictthaheles11p99r59o00vsse,,d33tMoxittece.ssttSeeuddttth3he4e ccsooam mysppootuhunenddcssheiimnnialcaabblsrraahtssavaaennddnommtaocrinakukeseyeysds,, aRenaditthheafcfheectmsiicnal1s pwroorvkeedrst.oxic. But 3M says the chemicals have not caused health effects in its workers. d MM Muiiocchrhaoaecelhl eSSmaainnctteoolrrooi,,nv33eMMsts'isgaddtiiirroeencc.ttooHrreooffshhaeyeasallttthhhessaacffoeemttyyp,,aniissywwoborerkkgiiannngg mooonnnittthhoeericconorgrpptoorsraattiioonn''ss Aconcemegfrom ~,Concerned from cwfclhouhereomkm rioiicnccaghaleltmopplliaiacnmnatptl rwwinooovvrreekkseeitrtirgsssadffetooitorrencPP.tRFiHOOoeSSn says the company began monitoring itnecthhneiq1u9es7.05. He says the company in the 1970s. He says the company keptits kept tbneeaming the beqinninq working to improve its detection techniques. In the 1990s, 34 was abe to ident the presence of the chemical down to the of 32 years. In 1997, 3IlIenlvat6ehbloecovfof1mc9pap9ara0trlrtsssi,npp3goeMrr3bbwHiialllWisooonnar..bkleTTerhhstaaott'bssildoaeonldleteivvfyeelltrhSsaeonmdspomaremalslleyl,nccithe'2soos1liefkkntehAeppciiccackkhiieCnnrmggoiscaosannleesdassomeewpcclnooennstddofootohuuutetnd of 32 years. In 1997, a lab comparing 3M workers' blood to wthiedecshpermaiacdalisn wheurmeanpsr,estehnotuignhthate oblwooldevbelos.rk samples, to. the chemicals were present in the blood bank samples, too. This Indicated the chemicals randomly chosen Red Cross This indicated the chemicals had become. samples found had become widespread in humans, though at low levels. Santoro says 3 began looking fora safe formulation to replace the id Scotchgard Santoro says 3M began looking for a safer formulation to replace the old Scotchgard. 22000044..00000055 "P"ThThahseeirrenegwwoeeurrtee h3aernneumwuobuemlrdoofbbffeafaectcthtoeorrrsmsottshhtaattacpcpaarmmoeperttiooaggteeettthhieernrgtthhtaaot dssaaoidd, t9soaiuudss,,Sa'YYnotoouurokk.nnooww,, it it seems seems to to us us that that phasing out here would be the most appropriate thing to do,'" said Santoro. SCOTCHGARD REMOVED FROM THE MARKET SCOTCHGARD REMOVED FROM THE MARKET On May 16, 2000, 34 made its announcement. The company's press release said the low levels of On May 16, 2000, 3WI made its announcement. The company's press release said the low levels of Chemica present in humans and he environment id no pose & hea rok. Sl, he compory 50d chemicals present in humans and the envirorlment did not pose a health risk. Still, the company said it Would phate cut Scotchgard a part of responsible emronmental management. would phase out Scotchgard as a part of responsible environmental management. 33bMeMgsasaanyymssattkhhieenddgaencciiessiooCnnheccmooiscstatiltt $e$l33l22,55 mmAinillylliooonnneiinnWaaannnnniuunaagll sstoaalleMessa..kDDeuuoPPoonuntst,,e3WPM'R'sOsSmmaIajnjootrhr ccuuUs.s5tto.ommmeeurrsftfoorrnoPPwFFOOGAAe,,t permission fm the EPA began making the chemical permission from the EPA. itself. Anyone wanting to make or use PFOS in the U.S. must now get tInheMMMaaiyynn22e00s00o00t,,awwPhhleelnnuttohhnee pCpohhnaatssreeoaoluutAtGwwEaNasCsYaa.nnnSnohoueunncrceeedmd,e, mKKbaaerrreesnn tSSthtuudddddeeeyrrssshwweaasseassreenrrvveiidnngg33asswttohhueeldccoonmmommiosinssgsieioornneerr of of tmhaekMe iSncnoetscohtgaaPrdolliutihosn oCroginntraoll oArgemnucsyt. oSnhe remembers the day she learned 3M would no longer make Scotchgard in its original formulation. rm rBL=eLSSSTA "It was efter one of two things. Tt was either 31 actualy called the c"Iotmmwiasssieoitnheerr'sonoeffiocfe,twoor tohninegosf.tIhtewsaesnieoirthsetraf3fMcaamcetuainlltyo ctahlelecdotmhmeissioner's commissioner's office, or one of the senior staff came into the commissioner's ffi and relayed to me." says Studer, "50 we acuoly heard SDout t office and relayed it to me," says Studders. "So we actually heard about it crore ios pubic. And 1 believe 1 saw in the Star Tribune and the Pioneer before it was public. And I believe I saw it in the Star Tribune and the Pioneer Press, a few days lotr Press, a few days later." iSgmomienckeesca ~;~J=ormer MPCA commissioner "TsosTeehohcceekttiissoonttnnooorrooysyfftmtmethhpaaeesddeoSSetnt.t.tthhPPheeaaeufurlrSloocPPnnoiitroocppnnhaaeegegseareerrPPdoorfrfeemtstshahsse.t. eAASSlrtftttaaeebrrrreTTttyhrrhoieebinudnnnneeehe,wwe,srsaaonnbbfddrfrioocttkkehhe,eee,,SfSSfhrtooteuunnddtdtdddooeefrfrnssttohhssteaiaibbddsuukssssihhifnnoeeeerssass tmoeoektinnog swtietphs 3o1n. the Scotchgard matter beyond her office. She did not ask for a meeting with 3M. ""e""W ImWdedhohraoangtntit'tI1ntgtddhhooicinnhrrkkeeemc1eIialrrsle,let,aarlhhlyllooyyawwddneediddvv,,eecrrphp,eeemri5rsisscoaotaannkllakaislil,nnlyygg..anIwwdirritetethhaaallSkslyyitaanttffhghfiihtntnhoakkattdtI'hdwweoormrreerkckcaaloolllnnstethccheooaamwtmtphiiipafflitFIlii'nddnoggddroofinannofteeorrimtmthahoaatanttit,i,oo""wnnSSetaatuunbbddaooddduu.eet"trrssnneesswwasy.aasnn. dd emerging chemistry and chemicals, and talking to them to see what information we had." hEvveeennMPtthhCooAuuggwhhou33lMMd nicotitteeddbeeenngvviiirtrnooonnImmnevenentstatalilgcactoaennctceherernsspliiancneittss wvvhooellurnnettaatrhryy ddceehcecimisisiocoannlsttoohqqouudiittbm meaeaknkiidnneggvtethlheopccehhdeemm aincicdaallss,, Gipoed of for another wo years the MPCA would not begin to investigate the places where the chemicals had been developed and disposed of for another two years. 957 SSnSStoeotaammfyfffeekaasnsnnaaeddyywmmttaahhabneenoayyauggtddeeirhd'rssneso'otfifkkstntnshhouoeeewwMMgaaePPnnnCCyeyAtrAtaghhligiinlnivvygg,eeaaDddbbuiioofkffuueetcrtriiinttnhhggsiissstfuftroornorrodniineeettrs-s-pspeeaiaxxaggppneelldaassiitnttnohoiinerrnyygg.e. xttOOhhttaatehhttneeddrrosseeflyassM.aoy.yys == Chemical production and dsposal In Minnesota. they knew about the issue generally, but didn't chemical production and disposal in Minnesota. understand the extent of 3M's 26 ec kMPCA sisfiles TTFhh7ee08nneehxxattdyybeeaearer,,n iionn u22n00d0011,I,r 33tMhMeaagbgiaaoiionnd mmoaafddbeealnnaeeswwasslwweshheeInnntiitherreeGllereaeasaseteddLa3akssettsuuddryeygssiohhnoo,wwininngg fDPriieFvvOererrSaoohittnatteedMrrassbtehiinnean.tthhfeeouNNenovodrertntihhnwwitnehesaestlt,,bbtilinonrobobdsiirsddoessfsbaaiannnldddthtteeuuarrgPttllleeaesssciiinnn OtcheeaSno.utheast, In par the Great Lakes region, the Southeast, in polar in bears in Alaska -- even in albatrosses in the Pacific Ocean. MKMiiimccehh,iiggWaasnn dSSittsaactteosvUUenrniyivvieenrrcssritteyyasttoeosxcioctlohoelogmgiysisstttJJeoorhhynnoGfGehiesosyyw ddtidhdesttheheecroreemsspeeoaarurccnhhd,,saawnneddre33MMspffruuennadddeeiddngiitt., He He said said atthe at the time, his discovery increased the mystery of how these compounds were spreading. "S"WaWyees nnGeeieesddy.mmoorree information information on on ome some of of the the toxicoltoobgy toxicology to try oto interpret interpret what what these these levels levels mean," mean," says Giesy. IaInnnetthhpee WMiPPoCCefAAp''scap""ceecoorrmree-ssppaoonnneddweensnccreee""poffrillteefhofoeardttlhhieene33dM4, C"CSoocttottatagcgheegaGGrrrdoovvSeeUlpGlaannI,tn,ftofoher ttehhneeviyyreeoaanrrme22n00t00.11,, Ttthhheeerrreeefiwssaujrusesttno omneemopsie,cenoofsuptalpeesr,--naa rneecwosrdrsepoforctohmemaudnilinceadti, o"nScwoittchhg3Ma.rd sticks in the environment." There were no memos, no studies, no records of communication with 3M. ut one scientist at the agency was growing concerned about perfiuorinated chemicals - Fardin Of. But one scientist at the agency was growing concerned about perfluorinated chemicals -- Fardin Oliaei. AT THE TOP OF THE LIST OF CONCERNS AT THE TOP OF THE LIST OF CONCERNS Or. Ole is an emerging contaminant coordinator. He 0b atthe MPCA is to ently new Dr. Oliaei is an emerging contaminant coordinator. Her job at the MPCA is to identify new 22000044..00000066 envioonrmevnatttherearts -- chemicals tht by deiition, noone i reguatng; chemicaool new t have environmental threats -- chemicals that by definition, no one is regulating; chemicals too new to have much of a track record. GEl9i0a5lbecnouasveeofomf rrawno,rIes.oh0p3desevaarcahnsdciGenotiistnahtLhaekMe CSuAperSihoer was recruted to fin the gency In Oliaei, a native of Iran, is a top research scientist at the MPCA. She was recruited to join the agency in 1989 I~ecause of her work on acid rain and dioxins in Lake Superior. SEITE Ola Oliaei ssaoyss ppeerrflfuoorrinaatteedd hcheermiiccalls ihtit eherr hheerr darn radar in 2200000,. 1SN ETAE e1020n01, prosoanhd pron were chiming to ner to become ry sn SKS my"In my view I 2001, view I would put those on the top of PFOS and PFOA were climbing would put those on the top of thethe the emerging ladder to emerging contaminants of become a priority contaminants of list. In concern," says Oliaei. usar Ouse VoOofgmacscgauortrsthNeogfoow-hnaehteaaSdhofwroomRtohoeihWePCAFitondoeo:neSsvteudwyani te2d00i2ndoenpe1n4deinsth in kDr. FardJn Otiaei Oliaei got the go-ahead from the MPCA to do one study in 2002 on 14 fish in Voyageurs INational Park, in northern Minnesota..She wanted independent confirmation of what 3M was finding. She says Rif th fis samples were contaminated ith perfurinate chemicals. She says half the fish samples were contaminated with perfluorinated chemicals. "An we cout gett amy conclusion, exceat expanding our dta and gathering manoring dta "And we couldn't get to any conclusion, except expanding our data and gathering monitoring data rom the amronmert tsar: from the environment," Oliaei says. EE p--------p---- This would be the first independent study to show the chemicals were spreading in the environment in Fimesat. ut Oia wou nr et 2 oon up Minnesota. But Oliaei would not get to follow up. Ole wanted o trace the ortominants fom thi source mot ely 3M - through wastewater Oliaei wanted to trace the contaminants from their source -- most likely 3M -- through wastewater eaten Pats Somat css, sin, 300 A ts Fo and mamas, He requests woul pe treatment plants, sewage sludge, sediment, and finally to fish and humans. Her requests would be epee dene ACA mide managers repeatedly denied by MPCA middle managers. In March 2002, 3 called a meeting wih the WPCA. 3 eparced tht crinking water a fs Cotape In March 2002, 3M called a meeting with the MPCA. 3M reported that drinking water at its Cottage Grove plat, which prOBUGSS oss4nd of poundsof PFOaA ear, mas omtaminatd with he Grove plant, which produced thousands of pounds of PFOA a year, was contaminated with the Gem chemicals. Dave Douglass the perso a he WPCA wih knew the most about 3's Cottage Grove chemical pare. Dave Douglas is the person at the MPCA who knew the most about 3N's Cottage Grove chemical plant. sep mont th pa AS hn ea ach of pros ke +50 The MPCA had begun work at the plant in 19135 to clean up a small amount of hazardous waste as a To of massa Sapam dene otra. Down 3d maneged he SYoses Ses 1983 part of Minnesota's Superfund cleanup program. Douglas had managed the project since 1987. Dousia was a he 200 rein wih 1 Douglas was at the 2002 briefing with 3M. It was Bical thot bring ha his whol su of perurochemicals come t my ind a my "It was basically at that briefing that this whole issue of perfluorochemicals came to my mind, to my nen" so Doves attention," says Douglas. 3 sis pase on to ths PCA is tudes showing the fects o OS on regra at nd tec 3M also passed on to the MPCA its studies showing the effects of PFOS on pregnant rats and their Sear on ters mam ro oe EPA Geena he deo oft 0 Bop ms amab offspring. An internal memo from the EPA described the death of the rat pups as "unusual." Dousias, who's esti by Farin Ofac a5 a "mral lr" sini was concern. Douglas, who's desribed by Fardin Oliaei as a "morally alert" scientist, was concerned. "From the get-go, bere a the st meeting, 3 came n and they tari talking shout the second "From the get-go, here at the first meeting, 3M came in and they started talking about the second Somerton ot Sean, wh 5 oun, ro we h ekogsed at sos Boule. ATSwes 303 generation rat studies, which is troubling, and we all recognized that," says Douglas. "And we're going ES avastine of hi 50 what tn know about tht, becauSs ht ek 6 od Question of to ask questions of them about what they know about that, because that gets to the question of nae aes Sore orm an prog whether we have a significant long-term human problem," Afrthe3M briefing, Douglas began t vestigate what was at the Cottage Grove pant and how to After the 3M briefing, Douglas began to investigate what was at the Cottage Grove plant and how to Clean up. But he cp would Keep SPD. clean it up. But the scope would keep growing. ritoemmeSrPgEeptruhtraotclehaset mt!rehpoubloicnandAf)lssnr LSaukreosEnldmc,soOyakdoavleisand Woodbury iso contain waste It emerged that at least three public landfills in Lake Elmo, Oakdale and Woodbury also contain waste from 3M's perfluorochemical operations. All are surrounded by houses. 22000044..00000077 PPaarrtt 22:: TThhee nneeiigghhbboorrss bo Mie Eda, Wines Put Radio by Mike Edqerly, Minnesota Public Radio SaisBaa, Minesets Pune Rocio by Sasha Aslanian, Ninnesota Public Radio Feary 2, 3005 February 22, 2005 : WN [oR Susan arnt nt ero, Capt, onthe be Susan Berndt and her dog, Captain, on the trail ing rh od aro vrs an ann race leading to the old lat~dfill where she and her friends 50 iy won ny wer chiar, SN dspossd used to play when they were children. 31~1 disposed heal wastes n tr a of chemical wastes in that landfill. (MPR Prtamaan Samer) Photo/l~lelanie 5ommer) St.Paul, Min. -- Before ther was on MPC or even o Superfund ceanup rogram, people who ed St. Paul, Minn. -- Before there was an PIPCA or even a Superfund cleanup program, people who lived Rear 3h Coage Grove ant an Rs nearby Woodbury ana nad Queions near 3M's Cottage Grove plant and its nearby Woodbury landfill had questions. " Susan Bern's family as ed nth area sine befor the Cv Var. In the Susan Berndt's family has lived in the area since before the Civil War. In the 520s, megnbors and businesses dumped thr rach the wads nt fr fom 1960s, neighbors and businesses dumped their trash in the woods not far from her (ri home. SW ha boughttn al i 1961 Sh and the her family's home. 3M had bought the landfill in 1961. She and the htahbothaod 1005 weld ly amid housencd Ju ard Geel cars there. neighborhood kids would play amid household junk and derelict cars there. caBeaE [ccent Jmeorie5tweWenhrtaeironenovef3ewnfeceenscw.easO,nreYdtohuae1krneoPwweO.rSUehS,STawhnadseu4T3sstnGrfeolBrlmamdkuicdhsaaenvdse,wIeWdemaiwscoaulpday ~"A more innocent pr iWetonerv:ermhearevnaecofecnhtetmniecalaWse oGli.s hkof thins tat coed have mr 5. time" "There were no fences. Or if there were, I was just a farm kid and we didn't pay much attention to fences. You know, the land was pretty much free. We would just go wherever we wanted and people didn't mind," Berndt says. "It was a different, more innocent time. We didn't think of things that could have hurt us. We never thought of chemicals at all." THE YEAR THEDUMP BURNED THE YEAR THE DUMP BURNED Susan Berns most vid memory i of the year th dur burned. In th 60s, cleanup meant Susan Berndt's most vivid memory is of the year the dump burned. In the '60s, cleanup meant Simin what wa there, In 1566, 2M burn he us Th fr sen 00t up ta th a or weeks. burning what was there. In 1968, 3M burned the dump. The fire sent soot up into the air for weeks. Sars the roses bmn ook lac wi 420 Soncant of Poray imum an th Sav. Bena 3M says the mass burning took place with the consent of nearby communities and the state. Berndt ememiers Sing the woads ear th re, and how th Som had changed <a. remembers skiing the woods near the fire, and how the snow had changed color. FTiYfERORIESBBElBMB oC"Crat.cvei.eneevsa.ownheionnremtmhieeemusbnmecrp1thhwnaatasthusereicnnslgir,ewi,thheaerpnesdd,wh"avesarsreayresBiafabcrevkecenye.ter-rn"WTeeheanksnotohwew.roeu'dd Nd Ld "That winter when the dump was burning, there was a black layer. Then there'd be swirls of ash in a black layer in the snow, and there'd be clear white snow. It weeaaattstthshoee diiccifiicfcellereses nooftffffrttohhmee hhwoohuusasete,,itaahnnaddd tthbheaatetnyyeeinaarrthttheheeprreeaswwt,aa"ssBaaerllnootdt toofsf abbyllsaa.cckk"Wppaearrtatiiclcslloeesswiionnuld the icicles, and I remember that the icicles tasted very different." ameounm Wbheeennsthoe bnurning was over, Bent reals, 3 shoved up tthe family's haus, (:~,The old farm When the burning was over, Berndt recalls, 3M showed up at the family's house, bearing gifts. "Two guys from 3M came up in car and they were going to give usa git. They "Two guys from 3M came up in a car and they were going to give us a gift. They waned apoloiz for th Burnin frth 1s yer,o Rowever lon was Berl real. Hy wanted to apologize for the burning for the last year, or however long it was," Berndt recalls. "My roth ws nr, and hey opened thcarwindow Js or encugh to Give him th ox. A he pulled brother was there, and they opened the car window just far enough to give him the box. And he pulled En bax oot and hs Tan Ss Boos. Ha though hs bd Gres asus. And tht was thi apology the box out and he ran in the house. He thought he had a great treasure. And that was their apology hey gave vs. Fo having to put us With th Soke nd th sls or ha perio of ne hey Gove us they gave us. For having to put up with the smoke and the smells for that period of time, they gave us Set a box of tape!" 22000044..00000088 Susan Berndt says this wast ner family' as contac wih 3M. She and her siser, Cindy Ratt, Susan Berndt says this wasn't her family's last contact with 3M. She and her sister, Cindy Ratzlaff, recall men in 3H uniforms coming by wihout warning, totake water from their outdoor tap. recall men in 3M uniforms coming by without warning, to take water from their outdoor tap. "The specific time tha I remember was when 1 was babysitig at the "The specific time that I remember was when I was babysitting at the nelangors, It was 1974, because their mother was In the hospital" Ratatat neighbors. It was 1974, because their mother was in the hospital," Ratzlaff Says. And the guy came and he went to the faucet, and1 eid, What are you says. "And the guy came and he went to the faucet, and I said, 'What are you oir? And he sad, Tm just toking awater sample. He filed Up a 539 of doing?' And he said, 'I'm just taking a water sample.' He filled up a bag of ater, rolled 0pot the 9p and et with it." water, rolled it up at the top and left with it." QuisCottage ~3M's Cottaqe `cove lant Grove plant TTThhheeeybtwrsoaoyrrehememeecmmabmbeeerrtttwhhiaactet ttthhheeatmmsaaunnmmhheaardd.aa 3H 3M logo logo on on the the Jacket jacket he he was was wearing wearing. They say he came twice that summer. WtWehsheteinnngaas-s~kkeeSddusiIfaf ntthheeByyerwwnedertreesaeeivvdeersrhsseccaawrraeesddn'bbtyyottfhhteehssee teeivvmeeen.nttss -- the the fire fire and and the the water water testing -- Susan Berndt said she wasn't at the time. "W"BBhuuettt hooevvreerrthttheheye ywyeeeararerssrttehhleelrryee rhhaatss bbheeeewnniahlloUttsooaffbqqouuueetsstwtiihooanntiinng1g waaabbsoo,uu"tt Bwwheheedtthsheersrattyhhsee.yy realy really cleaned cleaned Iit up, up, and and whether they were really truthful with us about what it was," Berndt says. SSSEEaEErKKeIIpNN>GG MORE MORE ANSWERS ANSWERS <BR< p> S3pp3hMee1arrlffaslluuayoooywsrsriiwnnIienaanlttlttehehdsdeehccommhhiweeidedmm-d-i11icc99daa6r6sl0is.0ns.sk,,TTinhIihgttettweettaessetcttceehehdrdnnoocssllooooonmggmtyyeaemofpiporrnrriiavvttthaahiottooeessnee.wweKkeTliillonlnssddssffsoooolrorfvfeccttooetnehnststtaassmmriddoininbdiaalntttei'itoroeenn,xxi--tiss-httebbttuuhchteteonnnnm.o.opkt33aMccMnooynnsstarataaeyymmpssilionoannacnalteltyyidiooooninnnweeffooirrt 2 deeper wel. shallow well showed a deeper well. drinking water contamination. To solve the problem, the company replaced it with TT3ooddaavy,o,lttuhhneetaWWroyoopodrdbobugurrryyamllaawnniddtifhitlll hiisesMaaiggnrrnaaesssssoyytffaiieellPddossluuurrirrooonuunnCddoenetddrobblyy Aagettaanllcllycc.yoclnonee fence fence. IsIt's managed managed by by 3M 3M in a voluntary program with the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. TUTTE Stamey le ved near this anc for25 years. Hae sowiehares, Stanley Hale lived near this landfill for 25 years. Hale is a white-haired, HITT meticulous Englishman. Like a ot of people around here, he'sa former 3M meticulous Englishman. Like a lot of people around here, he's a former 3M , employee. He feacs a ring four though is ad neigiorhood where he ved employee. He leads a c~riving tour through his old neighborhood where he lived = and raised his family and raised his family. a Bl tant tate at ~tanley Hale at che andl the landfill +50 you know the location ofthe dump ste? This one here? 1 ved down here on "So you know the location of the dump site? This one here? I lived down here on thee,50you can see why 1 ad an active interest n finding out more about the left, so you can see why I had an active interest in finding out more about whet wes nthe sie, Hole oye. what was in that site," Hale says. TTthhheee 333MMM Cssom mtatokakegesesttGaarccokksvseoonnpltathnhtee, eetddhggeeeooonfef tththheee MMlioisscisaslissssikippnppioi wRRii2vvseerrCcchooemmoeeliinn:tfoo view. view. This This sis the 3M Cottage Grove plant, the one the locals know as Chemolite. "h"NiNosowwStttahhciikss,iisnsottthheehaffaatcciiloliinttyey,wwbhheuerreethaae nnguurammnbbdeertroootfaflyyoeefaarrass aaeggmoois|Isirtroienesdd,"ftooSggaeestt Hddaeelteatilas on on the the total total emission emission --- not not this stack, not that one, but the grand total of all emissions," says Hale. cI1n1onttthhaeemi11n99a99t00isso,,nHHfaarlloeemootrrghgeaannpiilzzaeenddt ooatnthdheeranrreedssiiidd.eennttss who who shared shared his his concerns concerns about about potential potential ground ground and and air air contamination from the plant and landfill. EPPSSE gh! eWWriainnissntetooennr.RRiHieeedd'eesssetelalliisanoodnneethooiffn,HHawalliee'h'ss l0oaldrgccoogmmlpaapstasretirsoi.otstWs..eRRseeeiidtdeieseseelIlniitssoaisrreetttiiriedrydeIciviivvniilg RSYWB oom pcre vido and br ck engineer. He's tall and thin, with large glasses. We settle into his tidy living room with a picture window and a bird clock. y""I1o'ddu aakssnkkowppeewoophpllaee ddtohoewwynndttohhe?erreAeniindn ttnhhoaabttoaadreyesaK,,neD'Dwoo. yyToohuuekkdynnoobwweetthnheetChCehhreeemmoflooilittaeeilpptllahaenntit ---I-vddeoos nieand 20d nobody knew, 3nd that just amazed me," says Rledesel you know what they do?' And nobody knew. They'd been there for all their lives and nobody knew, and that just amazed me," says Riedesel. instonRedezel kHale and Winston Riede~el tDDheeeppepennlddaiin.nggiooenndettshheeelddciirroeemccpttliioaoninnttshheethwwaitinn3dg1bbllhooawwsss,,tRRibieeeddeeensseeollpeaannnddenihoissuffgaahmmiaillbyyocucaatnnwsshmmleelllIl s But he stl wast sattppherreoodddpuulwccaiiinntnthgg. aRaannniseddwdeebbrsuuserrlnnircinnooggmmIipntlah1iitenssciinontchcmiipannateernr3aayMtt,oorh.ro.ars33f1n4vr'ltoggmbaaetvveheeneRRoMiipeePeddCeneAsseeealnlnaoadutgooohuturhraeborofofpuhtuhtbeelwihppcaalantn.itt.'s ofcias But he still wasn't satisfied with answers from the company, or from the MPCA and other public officials. 22000044..00000099 "Everybody was In bed with 3, and they were al st seeping together, he says. Nooody was "Everybody was in bed with 3M, and they were all just sleeping together," he says. "Nobody was oak forth han art irofshe pene looking out for the health and welfare of the citizens." Ridese says he's been frustrated about Uh for years. He even testified ato Cotage Grove iy Riedesel says he's been frustrated about this for years. He even testified at a Cottage Grove City Count rekon sam 1990 Council meeting back in 1998. 11198, the 1d Cottage Grove Concerned Citizens Group pation th Cage Grave Cy council a In 1996, the Old Cottage Grove Concerned Citizens Group petitioned the Cottage Grove City council to Eo oi Gosopmons er Go ona Te MOE Could rove snrground Plena wes ban housing developments near the landfill, until the MPCA could prove the underground pollution was Camanee, contained. 0 Ata meeting on Sept. 2, 199, the MPCA ard 3M had ben invited to answer At a meeting on Sept. 2, 1998, the MPCA and 3M had been invited to answer JEXRRR oceans i tn cnn of tn ascent oad 9%. residents' questions about the cleanup of the adjacent Woodbury landfill. - ne HPCA showed maps ofthe contaminated goundvates, At tht pit in time, The MPCA showed maps of the contaminated groundwater. At that point in time, `i Tr aaener 0 no Kn2o0awt fo perf naNed Shama, the agency did not know to test for perfluorinated chemicals. aston coma 3M ws ping 0 groundwate0r th ia, and ten othe Misspl Biver ~heryI Corriqan pn. Sher Corrigane, aesenitorteeniCranrmaegnatGaroevnegCihneamwiathl3an,t,eaxpnlasinsead the2wpaotweerr plant. 3M was piping this groundwater to the plant, and then to the Mississippi River. Sheryl Corrigan, ~ senior environmental engineer with 3M, explained the water was used as a coolant at the Cottage Grove chemical plant, and also at a power "Ther is a monitoring plant before K's discharged tothe issssipp, and Isconsistent can" "There is a monitoring plant before it's discharged to the Mississippi, and it's consistently clean," Coin suns aia of to 1938 mc, Corrigan said in a videotape of the 1998 meeting. 51 sas ccacin oth standards ofthe Gay, th water was cen, MPCA records estimate 45tors of 3M says according to the standards of the day, the water was clean. MPCA records estimate 45 tons of mt vastes ae ed Fe WeoGson and Sh Srouncwter oot 1 nd ok perfluorachemical wastes are buried at the Woodbury landfill. The groundwater below the landfill is not Feed before reaches the Masso Rr treated before it reaches the Mississippi River. In response oa request from Minesots Puc Ral the PCA calcu tha he 3 Cottage Grove In response to a request from Minnesota Public Radio, the MPCA calculated that the 3M Cottage Grove a Fasad Shou 10,000 pounsof pra her Caen he rer m 200, when 3 90s plant released about 10,000 pounds of perfluorinated chemicals into the river in 2001, when 3M was eit of 1s phate of POA poduchon in the middle of its phaseout of PFOA production. Toder, 3M ha insted ers the lant to ctch mes of te perlucrintesd cher, Today, 3M has installed filters at the plant to catch most of the perfluorinated chemicals. 301s hry Corgan was ss fo time, Dava Douglas countrpart on th Cotage Grove Superfund 3M's Sheryl Corrigan was also, for a time, Dave Douglas' counterpart on the Cottage Grove Superfund re Re epesaaie ws hr 36 1 av hm do aboucoast chr. In 00%, site. As a 3M representative, it was her job to give him data about the contamination there. In 2002, Carian a 39 secome comm sonar of 58 Manas Pollution Control AGBRCY: Corrigan left 3M to become commissioner of the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. 22000044..00001100 bPPyaairrktte 33Ed::acrTTlyhh, eeMinppnoeoslolitittaiiPccusbsic Radio FbeyoSrauasrayA2c5i,an3i0o0n,8 Minnesota Public Rado by Mike Edqerly, Minnesota Public Radio by Sasha Aslanian, Minnesota Public Radio February 22, 200~ MhSSMhiehienrnernnaryeeyplsslpooCCototioaarnrrrPtPiigmogoaelallnnnuutttwiwoosaannhsseCC3aowoppnanptpsatroriooiennllmttAegpegdedlenoccncyocoeymydmmnianmtisi22sS00sNi0o0.2sn2,ei.(rWoPProFfrniiRfootetrrhfhrlteteoeo photo) her appointment she was employed at 3M. (MPR file photo) StSth.t.e PPMaaiuunlnl,,eMMsioinntnnz.. P---o-llRRuetepipouunbblCliioccnaatnnroGGloovAv.g.e-eelnlececycttITTniim2m00PP2a.awwlTleehnnettyygonnvaaemmreneoddrSSshhaeeirdryylhl eCCoowrrarisiggaalnnoottkooinbbgeefoccroomamnmmmimsisssiioonneerr ooff ethneviMroinnnmeensotatal PwaotllucthiodnogCwointthroal Abugseinnceyssinp2er0s0p2ec.tTivhee. governor said he was looking for an environmental watchdog with a business perspective. CCoorrrriiggaann ssaayyss aa 33MM mmaannaaggeerr rreeccoommmmeennddeeddheherrfoforr tthhee jjoobb.. "e"MxMpyyeruuinneddneecrresstttaahnneddiPinnaggwliiessnatyffooarrdmmmeienrribbstoorssasstooifofnmmiwinnaees ffoooorrkwwiaanrrgddeefddor,mmyIyn ntneaarmmmees aaossf ssaonommeeenoovnnieerowwnmhheaonthhaaaldd mtthaheenakkiignnmddeoonfft background," says Carrigan. experience the Pawlenty administration background," says Corrigan. was looking for, in terms of an environmental management tCChooerrrrEiigXghaainncasslttiilPlllraoocwwtnincssesssttBoooccakkrdii.nn hhSeernr ffotorirmdmeeMrrieenmmnpeplsolooytyeaerr,P,ub33l~Mi.1c. BBRyyadllaooww,,tssahhmeeorrueenpptoosrrttteeoddahhbeeorur t33MM$2ss0tt,oo0cc0kk0.hhoollddiinnggss ttoo the Ethical Practices Board. She told Minnesota Public Radio it amounts to about $20,000. oCCfoofrirrcreiig,gaaSnnhsseaapyyusstsshhheeehhraaesscuhhsoaaddl fn1ro0occmoon3ntMtaaccmttawtvitittehhrsMMiPPnCCtAoAwssitttaafifffngwwahhooyhheaaanrnddailneed33aM4 hmmaalatlttlteeatrressr.rfrooTmhme ttehhteetettriimmweeassshhee ttooookk aodffdicree.ssSehde tpount ehretrorpecmuasnaal gferorms a3nMd the Governor. It was nt distributed to MPCA Saf, matters into writing a year and a half later. The letter was addressed to her top managers and the governor. It was not distributed to MPCA staff. FROM 3 TO THE MPCA FROM 3M TO THE MPCA A1AXt cMPlPeCCaAnAuhhpeeaapddaaqluluovarerttdeerrwssatiinner5Sw.ta. yPPsaauua,lc,rCCoosorsrrrtiighgaeannstsiasterr,eellaWaxxheeeddnaannaddskcceoodnnfafiibddoeeunnttt,,heeeaargge1er9r9tt8oo sttatallakkteaambbeoonuuttt thhoeerrConintttitaaiatgtieivvee iGrovsetarnedsidents tat the landfil to clean up polluted waterways Grove residents that the landfill water across water lowing into the Mississippi was Clean, Comaan says the state. When asked about her 1998 statement to flowing into the Mississippi was clean, Corrigan says her words Cottage her words still stand. "a"TgThahieenssattanatdteemhmaeesnnttessvoI1lmmveaaddd,eeaniinnd11s99o998w8eII wKwonououlwlddmhhoaarvveee,"mmasaaddyees ttCoooddraaryiy.g.aIn.uunn"dBdeuertrsstttahaanntdd'stththhaaet ttnhhaeetussrcceiieoenfncceue rhhaabssusccihhnaaensnsgg,eedd Aasgatinimaengdoehsasbeyvwoelvelde,aranmdorsoe,weenkdn5owwme'orree,a"blseaytso Creosrpriognadn.in"aBudtitfhfaerte'sntthweayn.a"ture of our business. As time goes by we learn more, and so we're able to respond in a different way." 22000044..00001111 + JIEGSBSESSERSg eIInnst11i99n99g88,a,bwwohuhetenntsCCooprerrrriiglgauaonnriwwnaaasstesstdtiilllcl haaettmi33cMMa,,lt.thheeShcceoormmyplpaaCnnoyyrrwwiagaassniinsnvavyoosllvvesedhdeiinnkneexextwteenntshsieivvee: [3 tteessttiinngg was underway. about its perfluorinated chemicals. Sheryl Corrigan says she knew the testing was underway. = Coma am o""Tp1hehen iiSnnhffooourrmtmaawtthiioaonnt 1wI ahhsaaddonwwaatssheiInnbffoooorrmkmsaattaiionondn ttwhhhaaattttthfhoeel<ppsuuhbbileicc hhaacadcd.e.s33sMMto.hhaasshbbaeedeennnovveemrroyyre aoiinnnpffyeoonrrpmamaraabtttioiiocuounntlawttrhhhaacannhtettwmhhiaeecsapplounbuatltihcbaeanatiytbaoanpconaykrytsiggcaiiuvnvleedannrwttpihimlaamecetef,aao"bblkaossuautythsawwdhChoaaartrct icwwgeaaasnsss. theto. the occurrence of I had no more occurrence of any particular chemical at any particular place," says Corrigan. thera were perfuarinaCCtaeordrrrciigghaaennmiwwcaaaisssaaissnkkteehddewwbhheoetdthheeSrruptthpheley,rreeessiivddeeennttass ootffChCeoytottwtaaeggreee GaGsrrkooivvneegssqhhououuellddshhtaaivvoeeofnkk3nnsMoowwnn and the PCA. there were perfluorinated chemicals in the blood supply, even as they were asking questions of 3M and the MPCA. "m"TTihhseestiianntffoeormrmemnaatttiiotoonn stthahyaatttwwhaatssfaaolvvkaasiilaaabtbll3eeMwwwaaessrppeuubiblnliiacclnlyyyaawvvaaayii,llaabsblhela,e"peCCooorrrriifggoaarnnm rrkeee.ssepppooinnnddgeeddi.n. f"ofIrttmhhaiitnnikkoniit fwwroooumullddbbee a a peapie. That wasn't the corporate policy and misstatement to say that folks at 3M were in people. That wasn't the corporate policy and thatany that wasn't the corporate practice." way, shape or form keeping information wasn't the corporate practice." from C1Co0or2rr0rii0gg0aa,nn''swshaaeppnppeepaaerrraafnnuccoeeribbneeaffoeorderctthhheeemiCCcooattlttasaggweeouGGlrrdoovvbeeeCCctoityymeCCoofurunoncnictlilpwwaagases nninew11s99.9988.. It It would would be be two two years years later, later, in 2000, when perfluorinated chemicals would become front page news. ITHINS32 aM incischhwaaeeerllsSS--aanntwtohoreroot,,he33rMHs3'sMddikirrneeecctwtoorrInooff19hhe9ea8allttahhbossuaaftfeetttyyh,e, wwpoaatssenaatssikkaeleddthaarbbeooaututtpCCoosorerrdrigibagyna'PnsFCs aSaatonttmsthheweetehrppisllnaa-gnn-ttt,w,ohooCrerotnnlheeteaaarrgr3ettMhGherkollnaveanewndrdfieiln,ls,i1aad9enn9nddt8swwaahhtbeetotthuhhaetetrtrhCCceiaotrpyrrroiicgtgoeauannnntciaisslhlhootmhuuelrlededtaihhtnaapgvvoeesesssdaiiddby PFCs something to Cottage Grove residents at that city council meeting. > ussanrg ~3M's Santoro "f"W oWceeulsll,',ottfhhtaahtt'es'ds2aisggcoouoosddsiqqounueessttaioinnod,n"oSSboavnnittoourrsoolrryeesscppaoonnnddesedpd.e.a*"kI ftthhriinnhkkraat t-thhwaaattstiim mmoeeretthheaebout ofwWophhceuarasatttIoiccfoaantlhlslleccwioodtnnishvvceeaunnnsttysiioiooonnnnassli--ttpyeapenlesdasndIooffofibplpovloleilollduuuttusaaslnnytttssco..asTnTah'hyteestpuuheennarddkeeerwrfsosettrraaehnneddnirinon-gg-fwwwfeeatssehhm aacddoonrooceffersasnitbtseao.ut sociated operations wwiitthh tahneywaste onsitemlaatnedrfiilalllsedthuast twoerseaytathlekerde awbeoruetnaot tha time." offsite concerns associated with the waste materials that were talked about at that time." 2""WWgeeookKdnneeawwn,,uI1ntdthheiirnnskkt,,atnthhdaaitntgwweaeshhwaaedd ddhiiassvppeoossteeodddaooyffsfsoromommeetmmhaetaestretiraainaldlspottihhneetrroeef,,""tsshaaeiiddnaSStaaunnrtteoorrooof..p"eIrsdCioosnte'tncttheh,innakknttdhheetrrheee''ss fact that they may have an Impact." a good an understanding as we have fact that they may have an impact." today from the standpoint of the nature of persistence, and the Like any major manufacturer in Minnesota, 3M has many routine dealings with the MPCA. Like any major manufacturer in Minnesota, 3M has many routine dealings with the MPCA. AAitststtuhheees 2i2n00v00o22lvnnineegwwss3MccooannnffdeerrteehnnecceeMPaannCnnAooutuhnnacctiinnwggouhhleedrr caaoppmpppooliiinncttammteeenntht,e, rCCnooerrrwgigaafnnolss.aa"iidd she she knewof "knew of no no current current issues involving 3M and the MPCA that would complicate her new role." 3's Michael Santoro backs up Corrigan's statement. 3M's Michael Santoro backs up Carrigan's statement. t""YhYieenssk,,, 1Iothvheiinrnkthsseoo..yeKKaeereespp, ihinnasm mibinneddentthhvaaettryouurprosrrteeillavaetti.ioonnIssfhhtiihppewrwieitthahrtthheiessM Muieinnsnn,eewssoeottaadePPaololllwluuitttiiohonnthCCoeonnnttrruoopllfrAAoggneetnncacyny,d, Isolve athniynkp,roovbeler mthsethyaetawrse, might have, 50 Td say has been very positive. tIhfatth'seraenasrcecuisrsautees,stwaetedmeeanlt,w"itshaithdeSmantuoprofr.ont and solve any problems that we might have. So I'd say that's an accurate statement," said Santoro. je CCcooornrrfriiiggraamnan't'ssioaanppphpecoaiirnnittnmmgee,nnnttommseeettnanntooorooppappsookssietidtiioownnheiintnhttehhree hssettaratteperSeSeveninaoatuetse,.eAmALpt lhhoeeyrrment at leo, confirmation hearing, no senator asked whether sEeBB. of innesote's largest manufacturers might one of Minnesota's largest manufacturers might pose o potential confict of her previous employment pose a potential conflict of at interest. nl Sen, John Marty %Sen. John Marry CCyeooarrrrr.iiggTaahnnewwDaaFssLcccoohnnaffiiirrm romefeddthiienn SAApeprnriaillt22e000E04n4,v, iaarffottenrmr essneetrrvvaiinnnggd IiNnnattthuhereajjloobRbeffsooorrum mrcooerrsee than than a a CyctoehomeammrN.m iPtTittChteeAeee,tD, hFJJaLoonhhcnnhheaMMriararportrriyfyv,t,ahtsseeaayySssseecnssthahoeetre wwwEoaanrsskvj.jiuruoddnggmeeddenm mt ooarrneed on her short track record Natural Resources on her short track record at at the MPCA than her private sector work. t""MhMeyyaiipnnptitioiaaillntrreeeeaacscttwiioohnnowwaooruuellddhehhaaadvveeoftbbheeeeenn,,Po`'SlSlhhueet''issona Cddoeenctcereonnltt Appegererssnoocnn.y.'aIstsplteillol pbbleeellilewevvheeotthhaaratet..gBBauiutntgI1'dd1ppbrreeeffseetrrrttooonghhaavvee athdevoacpaptoeisntfeoersprwohteoctairenghtehaedeonfvtihreonPmoellnu,ti"onMaCrotyntrsoylsA.gency as people who are going to be strong advocates for protecting the environment," Narty says. 22000044..00001122 "Somebocy coming rom dusty that ot sayig theycan bea but the i resco was, "Somebody coming from industry -- that's not saying they can't be that -- but the initial reaction was, oto hy 3 pak nr 1350 3S a Soh SAETTATEIE mS oi ay Sa I'm not as likely to expect her to be as aggressive as some environmentalist might be," Marry says. on, hah covermas sppamrS, nd 1 Sues Tomi we ware Gord fo Oo ERR "But again, it's the governor!s appointment, and I guess I didn't think we were going to get anything eter ha i Go ah er better than we got with her." MPC SCIENTIST CLASHES WITH HER BOSS MPCA SCIENTIST CLASHES WITH HER BOSS Farin Ole the WPCA scientist who want o study parsornatad <harcl, oo ot on chance Fardin Oliaei, the MPCA scientist who wanted to study perfluorinated chemicals, only got one chance a ar Commisansr Sher avnomn to0k et 3008 to do so after Commissioner Sheryl Corrigan took office in 2003. 00 cold November dy In 2004, lst her calles Je lkre taking core samp rom o On a cold November day in 2004, Oliaei and her colleague Joe Julik are taking core samples from a Goes pul and WasrGRo Coury in ke Er: I ne of sve loons 1 te res closed public landfill in Washington County, in Lake Elmo. It is one of several locations in the area ire 1 dspose waste om 13 eraschemca dperaton he ote 19603 and ar 7. where 3M disposed waste from its pe~fluorochemical operations in the late 1960s and early '70s. Ole 1nd uk ydroologa, re pounding sol samples fom collection Oliaei and Julik, a hydrogeologist, are pounding ~oil samples from collection oh ath Woks Be 3 as Sova a Tar are mes ay, tubes. The landfill looks like any grass-covered field. There are homes nearby, Sn ack oad by der and nr wa. But shar cham sl Ge and tracks made by deer and other wildlife. But a sharp chemical smell gives Sl ca ory: las a cect 3308 caus 2h knows the away the field's history. Oliaei has selected this landfill because she knows the ay en Comat wi savhoommated ha soil is likely still contaminated with perfluorinated chemicals. Gunazol concen 5 ESPON nH Soe, Sonp dow fogroundater ~Gatherinq soil nes fOetvassheaemnopanrlteaksen nara down 25 fet. samples "This is a soil sample that we are getting to get some idea about the concentration of PFOS/PFOA in this soil sample, going down to groundwater level," she explains. Oliaei's samples are taken in intervals down to 25 feet. "Ite us about the raven o thse contaminants hugh th sof, dow to the acute, avs "It tells us about the traveling of these contaminants through the soil, down to the aquifer," says Sha Oliaei. fe month rier the MinnsotsDspartmnt of Heath found wa at seven nary homes A few months earlier, the Minnesota Department of Health found wells at seven nearby homes Coane wih FOR bk te ak no ee1 Ge contaminated with PFOA, but the water was not unsafe to drink. GAGE Jo uk sor i nd co ek. Joe Julik says old landfills can leak. yi BIE TCIM cre war's i thre Wal roel pis ov sandy bts ands ey lw" Peli ithan et hSE naomoymrearlvhoe3natcohvswer hhseer ooAvuaenrnd Tosh 9--a w--as--eac--h d--owr1h--re -- O~Julik and Oliaei unfortunately, where they sited alo of hese was n ald gravel pits, because "Unfortunately, where they sited a lot of these was in old gravel pits, because Sul saya. "TH tan example of one that had a sandy bottom. So the achates there was a hole there. Well, gravel pits have sandy bottoms and so they leak," Julik says. "This is an example of one that had a sandy bottom. So the leachates that formed from the water moving through the waste leach down into the groundwater and cause the problem." Julik points in the direction the groundwater flows -- toward nearby homes, and ultimately to the MississiPl~i River. Ole woud ke to flow hs undrground ei. A th coordinator of the MPC program on Oliaei would like to follow this underground trail. As the coordinator of the MPCA's program on mCreermie coorntmrmoinvntH,oOmlIam a6d8purokposeas toasrsoof e,t 8 maser ow perfonoted emerging contaminants, Oliaei had proposed a series of tests to measure how perfluorinated chemicals are moving from 3M sites out into the environment. 10.2003, sh reueste $140,000 for PFOA a POS research, combind with ulated sues In 2003, she requested $140,000 for PFOA and PFOS research, combined with unrelated studies into orgs a phar euRn, Wnt ver WPCA Bo lores to propos sh owes nr flame-retardants and pharmaceuticals. When her MPCA boss rejected that proposal, she lowered her eae to $34,000. Tht to, wos lect. request to $14,000. That, too, was rejected. 22000044..00001133 NE EER IInn 22000044,, sshhee ssuubbmmitittteedd ffiivvee mmoorree rreesseeaarrcchh pprrooppoossaallss ttoo hheerr ssuuppeervrvisisoorrss.. AAllll ffiivvee Rk wweerree rreejjeecctteedd.. \ TY 0 sh tok er cs cy to Comision Sh Corin. Oliaei says she took her case directly to Commissioner Sheryl Corrigan. A Ml "<1I wweennttttoohheerrwwitithh aa ccooppyyooffmmyy pprrooppoossaallss ffoorr ffiissccaall 22000044,, 2anndd II ttookldd hheerr,, 'I ot prams Sear 6 ipso. a ve so Or know your priorities, according to what you say, are water issues,'" Oliaei Qantas, egos f whan ny O~Research RIE Co rom Rey ty SoM eh ey and Scan about requests were dedneniieedd recalls. "'These are emerging contaminants, regardless of where they are coming from. Ultimately they are going to go in the water and accumulate about `ththee aaqquuaattiicc lliiffee,, aanndd ggoo bbaacckk aaggaaiinn ttoo hhuummaannss aanndd ssoo ffoorrtthh.. AAnndd tthheerree iiss aa lloott ooff~ aon sau rsa Bonar Co pans we had information about toxicity, and for us as a Pollution Control Agency, we should P-------- do the monitoring of this stuff.'" hag het me tht sh woud ok t thosa me knw ter, ash ver gt bck 9 "And she told me that she would look at those and let me know later, which she never got back to re a ha tn Br om wit Hl, ato a i wan 5 And me," says Oliaei. "But in her conversation with me she said, 'Fardin, wl~at do you want me to do?' And Tid wank v6 to uppart us rose aH Sh ke, tm evo po he1 I said, 'I want you to support this project.' And she told me, 'Let me tell you -- if you like to do es ES From Seo Ror ss 0 scientific work, this agency is not a scientific institution. I strongly suggest you go somewhere else to nn a Ae we fa, ae a vem do science work.' And that was my first, maybe, and last conversation with her." a -------- "Dr. Oliaei has done some great work on occurrence. But that's as far as we want to go," responds oro aw Teo a os he I Sp Bo pot om Corrigan. "Now we need to start looking to the involved agencies around how to fix it. I'm not sure rch scents omy st oe ica Peon om: pene that research scientists belong at the Minnesota Pollution Control Agency." Clas los wih the spy as been stained n recent yar. She's brug two Oliaei's relationship with the agency has been strained in recent years. She's brought two nao Soma aoa te ey 8 ko: i 355. eso m3 romero she had discrimination complaints against the agency. The first one, in 1999, resulted in a promotion she had i, oan So, Soa So pate: been seeking. The second one, filed in 2004, is still pending. Dr Oke as toons deputing Ola sl sa sclnst. principal arin with the Dr. Oliaei has Gan Sor Brest MOCK mR Tk tht Oc vspeted vi Bt on coradered 3 done some great No one is disputing Oliaei's skill as a scientist. A principal engineer with the MPCA confirmed to us that Oliaei is respected by her peers and is considered a ma or Sood Sent Br pa to eens oo Ter Eva work on nes, But tes Somme oe Cena Serene a an oo om occurrence. But very good scientist. An expert in toxic reductions at the federal Environmental Protection Agency office in Chicago described her as a "cutting edge scientist" rete arrose on ora wont that's as far as who pushes hard for her work. a we want to go .... Timnotsure that ut Oke could persuade Corgan that er research sholdb funded I'rn not sure that research But Oliaei couldn't persuade Corrigan that her research should be funded. Siam vDeOtOoMns orig, ite thatsh and Ola aver discussed pertuorochemicals scientists belong le neat nostedse ty ho be 5 robe Bo vs soe Jag the at the Minnesota a et he he Pollution Control eT Erman tain es Agency. Corrigan disputes that she and Oliaei ever discussed perfluorochemicals specifically. She acknowledges they may be a problem, but she says doing the research is not the MPCA's job -- it's the Environmental Protection Agency. fs - NPCA Chmsoner "Thre ar a plethora of challenges ar us ere te agency an what's the most Commmissioner Een pron os no. le Porcher Se co om Sheryl Corrigan "There are a plethora of challenges for us here at the agency on what's the most important thing to look at. And while fluorochemicals certainly are at the front or hme aks bacaos EVR bo are wi Ga ht 1k burner for EPA, that's because EPA's been charged with determining the risk Som shee. 5a eye a workin 5 Sekine how a hum work around these. So they're madly working to determine how these chemicals work inthe envionment" save Eoin in the environment," says Corrigan. "We has some roles tha ar ight in on of us. Right ron fu," Corgan ays There are "We have some problems that are right in front of us. Right in front of us," Corrigan says. "There are pai ur avn tr me de win Tre, Besa ro wane vo ot fine particles in our air today that we need to deal with. There's phosphorus in our waters today that Se A Re PA Se wl 5 Pree Br i eb we need to deal with. And there might very well be fluorochemicals in our waters that we need to deal aah we ha the Snes 3 ou omer re duc ma sen with. But until we have the right science to move forward on, it doesn't make sense." Toe 9 has opened mor Investigation of perforated chemicals, But not nies The EPA has opened a major investigation of perfluorinated chemicals. But not in Minnesota. Bp -------------- "We're not specifically looking into the facilities in Minnesota," says Lawrence Libelo, a senior Corommertal anger wih the Eb. Thats bn Gon he ste Tok. Were &bionntegm (0 environmental engineer with the EPA. "That's being done by the state folks. We're relying on them to aan a re do the work in their area." pw p---- The EPA isn't looking for the chemicals in Minnesota, because they're not made here anymore. The ER espa cused on Roba snd wes igo ve pace wher SOR comms be EPA investigation is focused on Alabama and West Virginia, two places where PFOA continues to be aused. 22000044..00001144 QM WuaaerriyytiDDooonmmitnieniiaaEkkPAccoosootrrlddiincnaaatnteetssattnhhseeweEEPrPAA'1'5ss iinnvvweehssatttiiggraatteiioaonntoodffoflluutoohrerooccchhheeemmm iicciacalalslss..poSSshheee tssoaayyhssuttmhhaeenmmohoesastlttiihmm?ppoorrttaanntt question the EPA still can't answer is -- what threat do the chemicals pose to human health? h""TTahhtee wjjuiulrrylyetiiss ustsitlilllknooouutwt oownnhetththahatetroonnweee,',""ressaaGyyessaDlDonomgminwiinictiakhk.. ""iW Wkee''rrneeowllo,ooo0kkiinnoggnaaetttttrhyytiinnmggrttoo.aassdsseeevm emlbbollpee otthvheeeriintnfifomorerm,maattiioonn that will let us know whether we're hpaesste. chemicals would continue to these chemicals would continue to be mandfocturd and used dealing with a risk now, or be manufactured and used in the quantities that they were in one that might develop over time, in the quantities that they were in theif the past." PbPyaaVrirktteE44d::acTTcyhh,eeMicmceoosom mtappPaaunbnlyyRadio FbyrSiaasrhyaA2s2,a2n0a0,8 Minnesota Publ Rod by Mike Edgerly, Minnesota Public Radio by Sasha Aslanian., Minnesota Public Radio February 22, 2005 3e3xMteiisnstffoiinfnaanPnccFiiOnngAg nnaenewdw PrreeFsseSeaarrncchhMittononddeeestoteetrram'msiinnee the the SeeencnxvotveitirrncoohtnngommaferePndntFtf,O, oAvfirvaeemnsdyyeePwaaFrraOssSaatfatitnkeeerMnttihnhoeenfteooshroiegitainm'lsaarlket. (4PR PShcoottoc/hhgiaerodnfioermSoumlamewra)s taken off the market. (~4PR Photo/Melanie 5ommer) SS34t't..sPPaauSult,lu,diMMieinsnnn.t.en---d- MtMouuccfhhocooufsf wwohnhaamttattlhheee pEEl9PanAAtkkwnnooorwwksseraasbboroauuttthetthrheetssheeancchhpeermmeigiccnaaallnstccwoomommeeessnff,rootmmhetthhceehilmmdaranenunfuafoacfctwtuuorrreekrressr.s o3rMt'shestpuedoieplsetewnhdotolvfeocnuesaronthme aplleanptlsant workers rather than pregnant women, the children of workers or the people who live near the plants. IDInnuP11o99n88t11,,hoDDuwuPPfooannctet sffoomuuonnrddeeetvvhiidadenenn$cc3ee0oo0ff mbbiiilrttlhhonddeeifnfeecicttnsseiinnfobbraabbailieelssebgboedorlrnyntotootffetemumraanllieengwwooorvrkkeeerrrssthaiintn WW ienefssottrmVVaiitrrggiioinnniiaat.o the ESDuPont now faces more than $300 million in fines for allegedly not turning over that information to the EPA. pAAospsuttuludadtyyio33nMM hppauuvbbelliissshihmeeiddlaoornnleAAvmm eelesrrioiccfaapnnerccfhhililluddorrieennnatiinned2200ch00e44misschhaoolwwseeiddn ttthhheaittrccbhhliiolldoddrr.eenn3aaMnnddcoaanddciultlutsdseiidnn ttthhheeaggteehnneeerraall chemicals are passed from mother to cd in utero. population have similar levels of perfluorinated chemicals in their blood. 3M concluded that the chemicals are passed from mother to child in utero. AeAxccpccooosrrudirienn.gg to to Rich Rich Purdy, Purdy, the the former former 3M 3M eco-toricologit, eco-toxicologist, chicren children have have another another possible possible route route of of exposure. "c"TaTrhhpeeessteesccahhneedmmiiiccnatalolssslaaerreeepppwuuetatroo,nntatoondsslleweehepapwtweedaaorr taahnneddy ppduuott?ooTnnhtteooyccsaarurppcekettsos,,n"" tsshaaeyyissr sPPluurerdedypy.w. e""aWWreelalll,,dbbaapbubitieetsshaairrree appiuutvtaoo-nnttoo cTccoaohvverpeeyerrectesdadnahhngaadenntddinsshtouoognnsettloeoaettmphhoweeuenccaatarrsr,ppeatethn.te.drAAewn.n"hddattthhdeeosseethccehhyeemmdioicc?aaTllshaaerryee on the suck on on the carpe, 50 they can be extracting it. their sleepwear and put their saliva- carpet, so they can be extracting it. They can get huge amounts there." 3 BEGINS RESEARCH 3M BEGINS RESEARCH pPPouuprruddlyyatssiaaoyynss ptthrheoem11p99t99e77d dd3iis1sccotoovveebrreyygitthnhaaattmllaooswwsillenevgveelalss hoouffgttehheebcahcsheeemmiocicaialnlssfwowremerarteeiowwnii.ddeesspprreeaadd In in the the human human population prompted 3M to begin amassing a huge base of information. 22000044..00001155 ihe thy cunt thn they stared doing aot mor testing of avryting, We ntised stcies "When they found it, then they started doing a lot more testing -- of everything. We initiated studies i Teh We PBR Sls Gate. We ted ads a 3 To Contr roe ey with fish. We initiated studies with invertebrates. We initiated studies on rats for cancer -- maybe they re Started ove ere han ht save body Thy Sed cher hucies or han oAco09y were started even earlier than that," says Purdy. "They started other studies for human toxicology. Trey ned Sere om Soo an lords an rs. Thy are Ses or how lon ke They initiated studies on quail and mallards and birds. They initiated studies for how long it lasts in mapas ns amacaton. So ere wos oto ing Son the atmosphere and biodegradation. So there was a lot of testing started." Purdy ays he found uneting when th chemicals were found n baby eagles Purdy says he found it unsettling when the chemicals were found in baby eagles i re ha mvs 1 re Th ing Sled 1 Prd tht -- birds that had never lef~ the nest. This finding signaled to Purdy that the omit hd sered te ood chin. Sve 65s Sham te chemical wre chemicals had entered the food chain. Other tests showed the chemicals were resent nn rom te nara ocean present in fish from the Atlantic Ocean. comer T1eoxcapclcoualsaeetedrToh,oahwanmhu!chhsaeatdlhseancTdoUlnTeEar:nwhSaAbleoswrhiesgyhnewrnruptathdcfoufodehStahioTnewAoyuGld1 O,Former 3Mer otardous, you need 12s eEporaruyndeorEttaaTEoooonmdSumebesrteanSnc5erosouCehnoisnovnanAAdcp,tcbehcause 3yoTue1or 0aShtn13 hazardous, you need "I calculated how much seals and killer whales higher up the food chain would be exposed to, and it was huge amounts. And they were amounts that were, in my estimation, higher than the concentrations we knew would affect animals," says Purdy. "I was concerned about that, and wahted 3M to report the concern to EPA under the Toxic Substances Control Act, because if you find data that it's to report it to the Environmental Protection AgencY." Purdy ave Hs managers wren ready torpor i: 3 media irc Dr. Larry Zabel says te Purdy says his managers weren't ready to report it. 3M medical director Dr. Larry Zobel says the Coma had be SA1S108 te reseaeh eA Geor rg 3 0 EPA. company had to be satisfied the research was right before taking it to the EPA. Wie eran were ging to report varying tht we had Wed gather suf up and snd 1, on "We certainly were going to report everything that we had. We'd gather stuff up and send it in, on Comennat of3 arog Ba, oth S540 We 30 Som res nnd ney be ital somewhat of a periodic basis, to the agency. We'd get some results in and they'd be initial lab TERS Says Zabel Wad working wh Ich ht te, 501 A tak th pair results," says Zobel. "I wasn't working with Rich at that time, so I can't speak to the particular Creumicants Dt Knotwe hod 3 ok of icons i ur daparmar (nat) we nee na dat. circumstance -- but I know we had a lot of discussions in our department (that) we need final data. Ser ca ot nse ve ok Gr, KB 6 rc ar were nok 35 Before we send something in it's going to be final data, it's going to be validated, and we're not going end kn ore So of wat mee sot to send it in until we're sure of what we've got." TFTUIFROiNEcTIhTeET 0n cureng tvhosstt) ma,mReimco,PubredcS yaussaeysthheeywisntprewsosnutreodunt0tworpuettioswcno,ncaenrd they x Li atcFLEE CSiommaimyngo,"orPtudraycyweea.r.cwoTmyoesocmomendcgeSronwekwlitbhsaon6n30sSmaomplceeohv,1ehiydrApunsaaihrneesaonnmook <~Zobel: No nn ncent management had ue amp Snhing we rote dann a0 atomey lant attempt to conceal ie JPaee wean propa bo ray waved eventing Sarmpes wih hat info During this time, Rich Purdy says he was pressured not to put his concerns about the findings into writing. He says the company feared lawsuits. didn want 1 "There wasn't didn't want to wite 1% down because they Kniw there a memo, because they didn't want you write it down because they knew there May be to write may be legar iscovery it down. And they legal discovery coming," Purdy says. "My concerns with one sample -- I did put it in an e-mail and they were quite concerned about that. ! said, 'Well, there's a reason I put it in an e-mail that way. This might well be open to discovery.' And the management had us stamping anything we wrote down as 'attorney-client privilege.' ]t wasn't proper, but they wanted everything stamped with that stamp." tac had forgoten aout that" says I's Zobel ca remember having a stamp a sad "I actually had forgotten about that," says 3N's Zobel. "I can remember having a stamp that said "mechan pARGe: 25 wel 13 rt pri of. Qe nomGEy, we wee TD 10 ake 'attorney-client privilege' as well, for a brief period of time. Quite honestly, we were trying to make econ abou She management of iormaton, na 1 Mr vs ranasinghe, decisions about the management of information; and I think it was probably during that time. It Coun Sm av ah Fo mach We avo Krew even mols oe arSpaTe obviously didn't have much of an impact. We always knew everything would be transparent." ng stamping practic was shred, Nevertheless, ich Purdy decided o lave in Febuary 200, The stamping practice was short-lived. Nevertheless, Rich Purdy decided to leave 3M in Febuary 2000. To been he compar for 15 years, nd hoch gs Sm.10 move, . Tore mane ier, He'd been with the company for 19 years, and thought it was time to move on. Three months later, in ay 2050, 0 amo 1s phased fh rir SEERgar 3nd rk ner Frodo he May 2000, 3iVl announced its phaseout of the original Scotchgard and most other products the Covoany acs wi. FOR a PEGS company made with PFOA and PFOS. Rich Purdy now un arm in stem Wisconsin, wher he bres daft horses Rich Purdy now runs a farm in western Wisconsin, where he breeds draft horses. Ed Ry i i rt ne Because of what he learned at 3M, Purdy says he doesn't have carpets in his psd fies hhoouussee.. HHiiss ffaarrmm iiss aallll oorrggaanniicc.. ree EIR oor root vith chemical i you don't have to," says Purdy. "Don't fool with chemicals if you don't have to," says Purdy. Qauyases cSut hie saoys her's nt much you ca do 0 avoid pecrsehamicals nthe QJ~urdy raises er horses But he says there's not much you can do to avoid peffluorochemicais in the environment. Purdy st iter toward is former employer Infact, he spss with price Purdy isn't bitter toward his former employer. In fact, he speaks with pride about the company's investment in Saence 3 aa he J Go hese EhaTIER. about the company's investment in science -- and ultimately, the job it did on these chemicals. 22000044..00001166 H`Heeexaccmoopmmlpep,aarwreehssic33hMMcoffaanvvtooirnraaubbelslyytttooomooattkhheeerraccnoodmmpupasaneniiteehsse iincnhttehhmeeicppaeelrrsfflluuoorriinnaatteedd cchheemmiiccaallss bbuussiinneessss --- DDuuPPoonntt,, ffoorr example, which continues to make and use the chemicals. "S"3a3MyMs iisPsulrliidkkyee. ssoo"mWmeeelbb,aoddDyyuPwwohhnoot rrdaiadnnn'ttthheestssottpoo,pdpissdiingg'nnt,, cggaoortte,tthhhrroiotuu-ggahhndtt-hhreeunss,ttoojpupstssiigkgnne,e, p"'OsOhhrommlyiyngGGaoodd,w,"'naanntddhessttroooppappde.e"dd,,"" says Purdy. "Well, DuPont didn't stop, didn't care, hit-and-run, just keeps rolling down the road." oDfDuuPPPoFonOntAt ccmllaeaiamisrsur""nenodo kkinnnoowwowrnnkeaarddsvveeorrrsseethhheuugmmeanaennrahhleeaapllotthphuleeaffftfeeiccotntss."hhaavvee bbeeeenn rreeppoorrtteedd iinn ccoonnnneeccttiioonn wwiitthh lleevveellss of PFOA measured in workers or the general population." LEGAL ACTION IS PENDING LEGAL ACTION IS PENDING EpErvvaeecnntittchheoso.uugghh 33MM iiss nnoo lloonnggeerr iinn tthhee bbuussiinneessss ooff m maakkiinngg PPFFOOAA aanndd PPFFOOSS,, iitt ffaacceess llaawwssuuiitst ffoorr iittss ppaasstt practices. `IInnco22m00p0a0r22y,aa 33alMMlewwgoionrrgkketerhreiinncttohhmeepaDDenecycaatdtuiurdr,', tAAlldaaibsbacalmmoasa,e, tpphllaeannhttewwahlhteehrreeriSSsckcsoototccfhhwggoaarrrkddinwwgaasswipptrrhoodtdhuuecceecddhessmuuieecdadlttshh,eeThat company, alleging the company didn't disclose Spueintdihnags. iow expanded to include other former suit has now expanded to include other former andthe and current workers and their chilcren. The case is health risks of working with the chemicals. That current workers and their children. The case is pending. TTT ameme naam TTclwwaooimyyeeedaarrcsshellamatiteecrra,,liisnn hSSaeedpptcteeomnmtbbaeemrrin220a00t04e4,d, nnteheieiggihhsbbooolrlrssanoofdf tthghreeouDDneedccwaaatttuuerrrpp,llaaonnnttdssulueoedwd.e.rTTehhdeeyy a ttcMhhliaeneinmirreepspdrorootcpaphe.erertmtyyicvvaaalllsuueehssa..d In October 2004, 3M contaminated their In October 2004, 3M facaneedw lawsuit, soil and groundwater, faced a new lawsuit, thisand this time in lowered time in Minnesota. [Lo la~CwCsaouttittateqgeeGGrraovvee la wsuit. RR Gale Pearson is the ------------ attorney bringing the class action suit. d""TaThnhegeeccrooommupslpaltaioinnttthiIess caalolllmeemggiuinnnggittthhyaatitn33tMMhehihraassplmmaanatn,nu"uffasacactytsuurrPeeeddaraasoccnhh.eemm"iAiccnaadll ttthhhaaetyt iihssave not t`tdaacakkoneemgnnmeurssnottieuetpspysstoottouotthsppeirrdoocetteeooccmfttmttthhhueiislnsritccyphhleeainmnmitt.ichc"aaellirffrproolmamntll,ee"aaskkiainnyggs into the groundwater to the Pearson. "And they have not into the groundwater to the community outside of their plant." "TcThhheeemiCCcoaotltttsaa.ggeeItGGsrroosvveeeekssiuuniitgt ccellnaaviimimrssoniinmncecrrneetaaassleedcdlrreiiassnkkuoopf,fccahaennaclceterhr aamonnnddiaatossrtthihmnmgaaattnoodppmeeooonppleleetaeerxxyppoodssaeemddagttoeostt.hheessee chemicals. It is seeking environmental cleanup, health monitoring and monetary damages. "TcTohhmeeplccaooimmnpptaamnniyysrsseaapyyrssestthehenetllaaewwxstsueuinittsiiissvewwisictthiheoonuuttitfim mceerriretits..ea33rM1chss,ppaoonkkdeessmmmaaannnyRRoiitcchkkeRRreefnanncnteesr.t says says the the allegations allegations In in the. the complaint misrepresent extensive scientific research, and many other facts. EGE0 TMTM]BH W WdihrheeecnntoaarssLkkaeerddryaabbZoooubutetlrriisssakkysssttooi rrteehssoiisddeeennwttissthnneetaharer tthhhieeghCCeosotttttaeagxgepeoGGsruroorvveee-ppllwaaonntrt,,ke33rM'ss's--mmaerededinicc'atall E[1lFED | sick, the est of the community probably isnt either. director Larry Zobel says if those with the highest exposure -- workers -- aren't sick, the rest of the community probably isn't either. if "e"W xWpooorrskkueerrress,wwahhnood wwhoaorvrkkeeedbdldodioirrdeeccltetllvyyelwwsiittthhhapptrareercceuu6rrss0oorrtmomaat1e0ter0riiatalolss1hh,aa0vv0ee0 tmmiuumccehhs mhhiirgghheeerrthan Qames Kel ewwatxhhtparaotitbsuiiusstresesee,aeenannyndiihnnehtatahlhveteehggbeeeflnnofeeoercrdaatlslleppivnooepptlushuloaltashtteiaiootenn,ma,""prelZZo6ooy0bbeeetellosssa1aty0oys0s.t.htoe""WWp1eer,0ehhs0aae0vvneetciemnnoeootfst tbbmheeeeoesnnreeaabtblhleaenttoo ~ames Kelly accehhmtteeprmim lbiouiccyataeellessaamanteyttdtihhhcooeassaleelthsccuooernnfvcfceeeelncltntsratarnaitcniteiootnhansons.sd.eSSmeooonmttihphteeloorcycioeonmem gb,sbianitnoanatdttihiotoenhnoepofrlefaswwbehohnaracattetowworeeyf''tvvsheeteusssdeieeeeesnn, iignnive: ucussonppcrreeerttnttyeydggoaoboooddutaa.ss"ssuurraanneccmeepttlhohaaytteeaattmtthheeediclloaowlw levels in the general population, surveillance and monitoring, and levels in the general population, there are no effects to the laboratory studies, there are no effects to begive be concerned about." fBBreeoffoomrrepeettrhhleeuoMMriianncnnheeessmooittcaaalllaasww2sstuuititthwweaa3ssMffiClleeoddt,,tatthgheee sGstrtaaottveeeHHpeelaaalnlttt.hh DTDehepepaarrrettpmmoerentntct ottrnriiceelddtudtooedaasstssheeessrsse ttwhhaeeshhieenasalulttfhhfirrciiissekknt dfraotma tpoesrfaluyoiroftchheem pliacnatwlsaast taheis3kMoCr ontatta.ge Grove plant. The report concluded there was insufficient data to say if the plant was a risk or not. ""AAt tthhiiss ppooiinntt wwee ccaann''tt ssaayy aa wwhhoollee lloott,,"" ssaayyss hheeaalltthh aasssseessssoorr JJiimm KKeelllly,, tthhee aauutthhoorr ooff tthhaatt rreeppoorrtt.. K3Ke1elll5lyy Ammlaaaddbeeamaaasspeelrraiineetss.ooffrreeccoommmmenednadtaitioonnss iinn oorrddeerr ttoo ffiillll tthheessee ggaappss,, mmooddeelleedd oonn tthhee iinnvveessttiiggaattiioonn aatt 3M's Alabama plant. "m"TTehh,eerraeet''ssasbbtee,eennaaanggortreeqaauttidtdeeeaa3ll5oocffoeemffpffooarrrttattbooleiinnevvfeefssotrtiitgtgaaotteein33vM'es'sstiDDgeaectcaeattu3ur'r,,sAAlplalababnaatmmaian,,Cppolltaantnta.tg. eAA1nGrddovwwehh,aatTt haaepprppeeefaaorrreeeddwtteoo me, at least, a not quite as comparable effort to investigate 3M's plant in Cottage Grove. Therefore we 22000044..00001177 arrepepcclooimemdmmeteonnddteesdd tfthhaaatct ttihhea5ssccwoaepplee,oofsf atthyhese Kiinnevvyee.ssttiiggaattiioonn hat' that's bing being pprrooppoosseedd ffoorr tthheeiirr DDeeccaattuurr PPllaanntt bbee applied to this facility as well," says Kelly. `OLIAEI'S RESEARCH GOES FORWARD, WITHOUT HER ONNMiooLnwwIn,A,esEaiolImt'oSaossHRteEaffSiilvvtEeehAyyRDeeeCaaprrHassrGaatffOmteeeErrnSt33MF4aOnaadRnnW3nnooMAuuaRnnrccDeee,ddeWmiibttITawwrHookuOuillndUdgTqquouiHnittEammRnaakokipinneggn-PPeFFnOOdAeAdaa,nncddoPmPRpFOrOSeS,h,ethnheseivMMePPCCpAlA,a,ntthohee test Minnesota Health Department and 3N are embarking on an open-ended, comprehensive plan to test sol, groundwater, ond wastewater treatment follies ot he Cottage Grove pan, ish nc surface soil, groundwater, and wastewater treatment facilities at the Cottage Grove plant. Fish and surface whaatveerirspoomsetdeoMfilsoslrsoscihoepmAicearl wwialsltoeiss be ested. 34 5 nvestigaung more Inds where may water from the Mississippi River will also be tested. 3M is investigating more landfills where it may have disposed of fluorochemical wastes. SWwwSooaoaummltleeeedrbSsooeUfufppttDhGphYeply.e.wwnoAAorttrokkthiiisi5sosmaapPlolrorneoeinaia,dtod,yyihtnhuuegenn,rdrdeeeIrrffiswveanannyvoy,i,lprilloaiakknnneemettthonheteteaettslesetstscttttahttthehahaabibttnllottdouoiourcddmnaeetooedfdfdrruueaeppssSiidtteihhengeetnnstccs,ioo.ann33nttMaa9tmmyit5oingnladratetiiMaMootPPnneRRrnintrtthithshehkeeccoofoOOmmnaippkcadaananlylyee Exposure would be exposure round the pan. open to biomonitoring, around the plant. if environmental data indicated a significantly greater risk of F BYESRIZ og e + aeqrcs deny on ~egre~s delay on sy study Orr eOliro, tihe MoPCAc'soemxaperotutoonnndevwecehetmoricoayls s ot nvalved with this Dr. Oliaei, the MPCA's expert on new chemicals, is not involved with this research. It will be carried out and paid for by 3M. TTdadothhoiteeinnhggkkeiinTtnPwdwdCooooAfayf.errreaeTsrsssheeeaaaarrggcMcoohhPC-ss-ppAeeaa'llnnlledddededWwpooauautusstynniinceneovvttmehehmrereiggsnniisveeviewweonnnwwppeooererrrrkktmmlilpidsslaassnniHiooPniinssRt1wwoO0hhldasalotesOsOroolliaabrbeesyyishheppeaerrrrorocppbbhoooosswsseessaddeesss ot armed down orfnancit rescore. at the MPCA. The MPCA's deputy commissioner told MPR Oliaei's research was not turned down for financial reasons. AJA2nn0dtrsa3saffootrrrwwthhhyey ptthhheaesaaeggoeeunntccbyyeddgaiidnn,t'tMssittcaahrtatesslttuKudadnyyininneggr,33MMth''es ffhluelaoodrroooccfhhetemhmeiicaWalPlssCuAun.rtdil ttwwoo Spertund diison, expresses some regret. years after the phaseout began, Michael Kanner, Superfund division, expresses some regret. the head of the MPCA's "There was no evi net... We have good peape here, andiseasyto sey, Four years ago, you "There was no evil intent.... We have good people here, and it's easy to say, 'Four years ago, you Should Rove. To NRGEIGht, 20-20 f aways reat. Kanner says, "In elrospewcet wish We hao should have.' To hindsight, 20-20 is always great," Kanner says. "In retrospect, we wish we had probably started carer. is wish we had more information from EPA fom 3M, rom the Health probably started earlier. We wish we had more information from EPA, from 3M, from the Health Bepariomnawhnat all he numbers Shout oe n ternof heats vals and 50 on. Buk we dnt." Department on what all the numbers should be in terms of health values and so on. But we didn't." WtWhhheeeCnnottththeaegaaeggGeernnoccvyyeidSiddupggeeerttfaguonidinngmaoonnnagiitessrii,nnvvweehsstotiiggmaaattiidooenn iinnh22a00p00p22e,,nMMPPCCAA rreeccoorrddss sshhooww twas it was DDaavvee DDoouuggllaass,, the Cottage Grove Superfund manager, who made it happen. oySIBSRME BR cDH0Fcieocuuffo.ogollllaolol=sowwggeoeododrtcaatthhttoeeippnHHaffereraolaolm.lmtthhttAhDDhneeeedppEEahaPPrerAAttmmuttheheraanngttttelitteooddddctteoeoovvwtetehollheoropkpddeissisrsaaccfenoeovvtideerrnrhiyynkkoiowifnafntgg33eMMrwwafMaQltuutueeaorrraroossiccttahhandnaeidmdmvaiairicrscddaiasols.ln. to =. waste at howarea many pouofnPOsA landfills. And he urged aandcoP-wROoSrkweer rine going nko he iver the water quality division to calculate how many pounds of PFOA and PFOS were going into the river. SEMREREEA] pMavEeSpoCHucgiuaHis,t ~Dave Douglas, MPCA's 3M expert 10 November 2003, Just os the MPCA was about o ign off on the envircnmental In November 2004, just as the MPCA was about to sign off on the environmental imonioring plan wih 3H, Douglas was pulled rom tn case. When MPR asked monitoring plan with 3M, Douglas was pulled from the case. When MPR asked Wh the the MPCA offic! with the most experience an th 34 case wes why the the MPCA official with the most experience on the 3WI case was Teaeslaned, Douclos manager sad wes routine reassigned, Douglas' manager said it was routine. Studying th efecsofTThhheeesffleuuoocrrhooecmcihhceeammlisic.caallMisiscsuhuaeeelhhSaaassnbibeoereeann saacycososst1tly%y oo31nn5ee0ffohorran33MMg.e. dI1t'sstnssppweeanntyt mm3iMlillliiowoonnrssks. studying the effects of these chemicals. Michael Santoro says it's also changed the way 3M works. G""nnWeeeWvwwee.e.ihhoAAaapnvvedeed,wwee"essetStaaaaabbrrnleletiisosaahrhbbeoelldedesannt1oyeeswwCc.aopptccoohhlliicttciheehesseseisinn the company the company ngs, I you things, if you Wttoial,llooo9o5k will, as naatet wppeecrrhsseiissmttieecnnattlsmmaaatnteedrriinaales,w, new chemicals and new 5spo0rotthdhuaacttisss products rsSooemmeetthhiinngg are developed," Santoro says. WdWinfhfeeennreyyntoouuchggeoomittocoattlhheefossrtmtoourlreea,t,iyyoona.uu cc3aa1nn'ssstLtilal rbbyuuyyZoabeccalannosoyffsSSctcahotetcchnhgegawarrcSd.c.o3MtMchssattaillrldmmafaskkseeassfettrh.hee pprroodduucct,, bbuutt wwiitthh aa different chemical formulation. 3M's Larry Zobel says the new Scotchgard is safer. RSE of all, t doesnt stay Inthe body. IE excreted, eliminated, fom lab animals. And some imited "First of all, it doesn't stay in the body. It's excreted, eliminated, from lab animals. And some limited information rom peop els Us tha eaves th body very Quy. 5 in terms of safety wih regard information from people tells us that it leaves the body very quickly. So in terms of safety with regard 0 health, 1% extraordinary sof. says Zabel. to health, it's extraordinarily safe," says Zobel. W Whheenn SSaannttoorroo wwaass aasskkeedd wwhheetthheerr tthhee nneeww SSccottcchhggaarrdd sis 2as 00dgood as as the the ld,old, he he llaauugghheedd,, "Of "Of course course it it is!" 22000044..00001188 PPaarrtt 55:: TThhee ffuuttuurree oyi Eder, Wines Pulc Radi by Mike Edqerly, Minnesota Public Radio 5Sia Asian, Minnesota Push Kado by Sasha Aslanian, Ninnesota Public Radio Foran5, 200% February 22, 2005 LAiE] iA LR Par pa Ey =F) By N Ford Ola says ses demralebdy her ng Fardin Oliaei says sh'e's demoralized by her long anti the Gar ops of ha HEA Fo go ma fight with the higher-ups at the I~PCA to do more earch on gerhurschemcas, Somes onc research on perfluorochemicals. Someone once Je mak she's more parent ha the chemicals joked that she's more persistent than the chemicals So wars wine a olscipion esse nr. (A she wor~s with. The description pleased her. (MPR retary) Photo/Mike Edgerly) St. Paul, Mi. -- DuPont continues t produce PFOA at lan in West Virgin. In Decatur, St. Paul, Minn. -- DuPont continues to produce PFOA at its plant in West Virginia. In Decatur, Ribas, Dynean, subs of 3M, ported td EPA & ortnucs to use small amounts of PFOA Alabama, Dyneon, a subsidiary of 3M, reported to the EPA it continues to use small amounts of PFOA nora, roduc in certain products. The Centersfo Disease Control and prevertion has now added FOS and PFOA to ts chemical The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has now added PFOS and PFOA to its chemical Sorvellanca Is. Th 3007 report wil provide more Comprehanse Goa soos how much of hese surveillance list. The 2007 report will provide more comprehensive data about how much of these Sunstances ar in Americans bodies. substances are in Americans' bodies. The 0d Cottage Grove Concerned Citizens Group has disbanded. ts ede, Stanley Hal, says he The Old Cottage Grove Concerned Citizens Group has disbanded. Its leader, Stanley Hale, says he Dimes is feng cabinet of dacumants and mows clippings soven Y0ors 03, 3nd Moved 0 waster burned his filing cabinet of documents and news clippings seven years ago, and moved to western Wigan. 1 Son contin 1 wor Tor Wisconsin. His son continues to work for 3M. The E9A says it doesn know yet if PFOA and PROS can cause cancer in humans, The EPA says it doesn't know yet if PFOA and PFOS can cause cancer in humans, DUR Gurmant Sudis do Fle ou 1 POSSI, nr, Th EP 1s IvecEatng but current studies don't rule out the possibility, either. The EPA is investigating ow he chemicas affect (e body, Incuding potent probes wih how the chemicals affec~ the body, including potential problems with Torotucion oe ans rem av the en reproduction, the immune system and the liver. wat TCuohnuesngtdeyonwteonraSapeaoccnukagtoefis.tfoSofrumshaaentaitBohanrparcbo,obulwtehmtosheeacchimenmgiucppaelesodplteahodneshpleeoroaspdrloueinneyWaasnhidnigton O~us~ chine? coincidence? The general lack of information about the chemicals leads people in Washington County to speculate. Susan Berndt, who grew up near the Woodbury landfill, runs down a long list of health problems facing people on her street. "We sat down and stating counting thar up, and it was unbelievable. Save "We sat down and starting counting them up, and it was unbelievable. Steve id ofcancer. Hi ws younger ta1anm: Happy has cance ight now, Then died of cancer. He was younger than I am. Happy has cancer right now. Then We go cn to im and Nancy, and thn snaher Nancy, and Tony Bernt says, Tn lady that ves we go on to Jim and Nancy, and then another Nancy, and Tony," Berndt says. "The lady that lives Rent door hers che of Dress cancer, and heady tt Iv tab doors over ded ofconcer And hen next door here died of breast cancer, and the lady that lives two doors over died of cancer. And then othe west har' a fae, and | kn bah of nd parent f those anlaren led of cancer, Sums ke to the west there's a farm, and I know both of the parents of those children died of cancer. Seems like So man oops wha have had cancer and 8 Jt coincdances Tt ok makes you wonder so many people who have had cancer -- and is it just coincidence? It just makes you wonder." 22000044..00001199 nOre FOardiun OlGeatSaut3tpeOmrptredmto hreremasnagehres.researc proposal a the NECA las math, but sh soc Dr. Fardin Oliaei attempted to resubmit her research proposals at the MPCA last month, but she says she couldn't get support from her managers. TTheeverseosfuPsFoSf,neFrOWRasahnidngitvoenrCoruenteydlaenndesmlisca,mples came bac from th a and showed very hh The results of her Washington County landfill samples came back from the lab and showed very high levels of PFOS, PFOA and other related chemicals. Ofincisay its The publ reatons saat the MPCA wanted to it about Olef's Oliaei say it's Smetoston peflonatad chemical esearch. Sut ina & mals Gone by Minnesota time to stop ooking at Pubic Rac showth staf ledthe arte, because hey were "cominced tat looking at chemicals in the etoial board or athr leaders woul Ci he tory a hs me The chemicals in isciatn. PFOA publcakins coordinator od NPR he boss Ssp9esod She Seem smotnr isolation. PFOA aNd PFOS have Contaminant 0 00 on ane not 50 Cortera it the Ber and PFO$ have Similar chemical cousins, BU no similar chemical cousins, but no Qneis SRUIYING hat sh. more persesent than the chemicals she works ith The deserpon one is studying ow widely they 11s. ner how widely they may have Soren he ana may have spread through the ra arm ry PCA or 16 Yr, and desis t environment and h Seah ofS 5h Hs ars Sut hse what harm they maypose. emicas, may pose. The public relations staff at the MPCA wanted to write about Oliaei's perfluorinated chemicals research. But internal e-mails obtained by Minnesota Public Radio show the staff killed the article, because they were "convinced that the editorial board or other leaders would cut the story at this time." The publications coordinator told MPR her bosses suggested she select another contaminant to focus on -- one not so controversial within the agency. OOjliiageeii ssaayyss sshhee iiss ddeemmoroaralilizzeedd,, bbuutt nnoott ddeeffeeaatteedd... SShhee ssaayyss ssoommeeoonnee oonnccee jjookkeedd that she's more persistent than the chemicals she works with. The description pleased her. The The bottan bottom in,line, Ola Oliaei sys, says, is is that that ttaaxxppaayyeerrss hhaavvee ffuunnddeedd hheerr wwoorrkk aatt tthhee MPCA for 16 years, and deserve the benefit of all she has learned about these chemicals. "They are inthe environment. They are most probably inthe blood and serum "They are in the environment. They are most probably in the blood and serum of any of them, Shar Coen o he pore: So Olas They hares of any of them, or their children or their parents," says Oliaei. "They have a ht to know sbout how toi they ae, wha sth evofecenlce ovalabe, na eangl manner right to know about how toxic they are, what is the level of science available, in a meaningful manner roto pani, but awareness -- not to panic, but awareness." 3V3v3oMo09ldluubbnncrrttoroaakkrereyeya,,tnnaoooelnnddlotahwwttrososoputtphrhgriiohossddiudcuacaecyiyi,nn,aggno,oPPtvFRoaOOhtthSSeerraarnnacCddnooPdmmPFpFpSOaOaoAnnA.yyffoohhrarasmmoffoorrlleeloowwtthheeaaddnn hhaallflfaeaadcc.reTtnhutuerryyE..he33mM1i'sscappshhaarsseeemcoauuittnwwuaansrsegulated, its lead. The chemicals remain unregulated, and circulate through the air, water and soil. 0 EPA scientist we spoke with said thre re thousands of chemical ike PFOA and PFOS tht shud An EPA scientist we spoke with said there are thousands of chemicals like PFOA and PFOS that should 52 regulated, ut probably wars be It takes Your 6 prove hom Chl achave I he enuonatnt be regulated, but probably won't be. It takes years to prove how chemicals behave in the environment and our 63165. 65 even hore GH 10 ove hak xpoRre. 3 ch Chama Cees human and in our bodies. It's even more difficult to prove that exposure to such chemicals causes human Harm harm. Scientists ke Rich Purdy and Farcin Ose say I's ti to stp lookinga chemicals i slation. PFOR Scientists like Rich Purdy and Fardin Oliaei say it's time to stop looking at chemicals in isolation. PFOA nd PROS hove chenicl cousin with very Sar properties, pi ho one ls Suing now wide nese and PFOS have chemical cousins with very similar properties, but no one is studying how widely these ther chemicals may have spread rough ie EnvEonmENt: and whet nam they may pase other chemicals may have spread through the environment, and what harm they may pose. The lawsuit brought by Cottage Grove residents sing 3M has is frst cour date Feb. 22, in Swaer The lawsuit brought by Cottage Grove residents suing 3M has its first court date Feb. 22, in Stillwater. Othe federal evel, an CPA panel of scent exper meets the some do i Wachigton 1 conser On the federal level, an EPA panel of scientific experts meets the same day in Washington to consider he man hes 8 of PFO the human health risks of PFOA. 22000044..00002200 TThhee lloonngg rreeaacchh ooff ppeerrfflluuoorroocchheem miiccaallss Tee e ub ates by Mike Ed(~erlv. Minnesota Public Radio Ran ay in io by Sasha Aslanian, Minnesota Public Radio February a 22, 2005 &ia Sele NE J RA RS So A Ei Oora Fs ia nc oit toy U of M researcher Matt Simcik is looking at why mt perfluorochemicals have spread throughout the a te rss ay environment. (MPR Photo/Mike Edgerly) St. Fa in, -- The mysteries are many when comes t pesucrchemict, St. Paul, Minn. -- The mysteries are many when it comes to perfluorochemicals. Wo th est of which i ia hw i ht chemicals no forges mad nthe Not the least of which is this -- how is it that chemicals no longer made in the ing to Sootmea of ems on osm me U.S. are turning up in the bloodstreams of creatures found nowhere near Css chemical plants? UE 1 en SiseeCcaarni oSyeonSdoearoyoA ounnGsresyoomoeohnPeROS 5t3r015 ~kA PFOS model Matt Simcik, an assistant professor of environmental science at the University of Nlinnesota, is researching how they travel through the atmosphere. In 2001, a Michigan State University study conducted by John Giesy found PFOS in the blood of 400 different mammals, fish and birds on all seven continents. th time, Sl sid animal i emote norte inet kes ested At the time, Simcik said if animals in remote northern Ninnesota lakes tested ose for he chia, wold eh ol 1 So ke cect rou Srosoh positive for the chemicals, it would be the "nail in the coffin" that the chemicals are moving through the air. * `SSiimmeciikk ccoolllleecctteedd aanndd tteesstteedd aa ggrroouupp ooff nnoorrtthheerrnn ppiikkee iinn VVooyyaaggeeuurrss NNaattiioonnaall PPaarrkk -- the same fish samples tested by Fardin Oliaei of the Minnesota Pollution " Efi Come ancy am ound hey rowan cane Reranch hes Control Agency -- and found they showed traces of fluorochemicals. The lakes LR Re on were wholly cut off from other water sources, and were miles from the closest --road. unre-pros mas Sim ad found is "rl the coin on atmossherc rasaor ound ~Where PFOS was CS romem , oe.Rcadra eSoemyyosacric enc out of found Simcik had found his "nail in the coffin" on atmospheric transport. AAttmmoosspphheerriicc ttrraannssppoorrtt iissnn''tt tthhee ssoollee ssoouurrccee ffoorr fflluuoorroocchheemmiiccaallss iinn tthhee environment, however. According to Simcik, the chemicals also "leach out of fabric during washing and directly enter the wastewater." mel and ther scents bole PFOA and OS vers i relased to heanon fom Simcik and other scientists believe PFOA and PFOS were also released into the environment from rg wanes to heme were moo o eed manufacturing plants where the chemicals were made or used. 22000044..00002211 TTooxxiicc TTrraacceess:: TTiimmeelliinnee 1953 LL Sm 3soMlitxpstiucairrneenatoosihnsotaanPlaaaitbbsnyasgscSsshiersrtaamnnattn'ss'stteeancnncinisdessnhhtooeel..eaTTdhhseetssottacirineacttuimronnss oofuStc1otcbhegamrBda.rSihoeusspitollwasater, out to be impervious to water, soap and scrubbing. 1956 3M introduces Seotchgard line offabric protectors. lg56 3M introduces Scotchgard line of fabric protectors. Lao "21 3m becomes aware peruorinat crercls ae resent nth Hood fs lant workers 11997788 EFIBRBS 1981 1981 3 iab studies show perluorinated chemicals re oxi 0 hesus monkeys. 3M lab studies show perfluorinated chemicals are toxic to rhesus monkeys. oupont mas evidence of rt defects n babies brn to female employes who wore in DuPont finds evidence of birth defects in babies born to female employees who worked in chemin an n West viro its chemical plant in West Virginia. Rich Purdy fons 3M as aneco-toxcolgit. His obi o research 3M products' impact on Rich Purdy joins 3M as an eco-toxicologist. His job is to research 3M's products' impact on he environment. Purdy becomes concerned about perivoinated chemical, 2 5000 25 he the environment. Purdy becomes concerned about perfluorinated chemicals, as soon as he Sees them. sees them. LL Soa oramaton at ns Cota Grove pln of aceions where 3 wasn wre EE4E58R3 1E1 rCFalarerdrdiiinnorOO,lliaiSeonijfowiinonusslttdhheeatMMePPrCCbAAeacafofttmerer ddtoihinnggagrreeenssceeyaa'rrscchhleooannd asaccciiieddntrriaasitnnaoannnddeddwiiooxcxihniesnmiiincnaLLlaatkkheereatsto HEHEHE dE Superior. She would later become the agency's lead scientist on new chemical threats to tthhee eennvviirroonnmmeenntt.. HE ---------- i 1997 1997 3T3eMMstllieenaagrrtninssnttchhalatuttdhheehbbullomooaoddn sstuuoppwppclslyyloccogonynttaaaininndsswttrriaaclceeess of of PFOA PFOA and and PFOS. PFOS. Company Company expands expands SrEeGsHRETEL taewstiuncgotomeinsy clauwdaerheutmh-- aatnptrooxmicoaloragy7ansd wildlife. ae, b-aceua mue andaeprssnc 1| FSERTEHY ttt3hhMeee beeenncvvoiirmooenennvmsimreonaenmewntnt.a.re that PFOA and JE PFOS are toxic, bio-accumulate and are persistent in 2FFee9bb00 hSSccniienenngtitsissttoRRniiccPhhFPPOuAurrddayynaqquuFiittOssS330M1,, iihnneppaaFrrtnt,,doorvvoeenrrmuuennnhhtaalppppriionnteeesscsstitthohnaattA33GMenchhyaassnnt't reported reported all all its its 2000 ay 7 TEfaindianngnsouonncPeFsO1A anpdulPliFnOgSSctootthcehaEanrT v,iron$mE 32e5ntamil lI PlroontaectyioenarApgreondcucyt.,of the market on 230850 5415 "rinocfrepspionseibsle vironmental management. Thecompany informs HPC 3M announces it is pulling Scotchgard, a $325 million a year product, off the market on C"porminmciispsleisonoefrreKsaproennsSibtluededenrvsiroonmftsendteaclismona.naTgheemaegnet.n"cTyhdeoceosmnpotapnuyrsinufoermqusesMtPiConAs ih 21% ddiissppoosseedd.. FFeeddeerraall EEPPAA bbeeggiinnss an an investigation. investigation. 2001 2001 BE RGaREn pEidAe R 222000000020-- 2002 Michigan Sate Unierstytoxiologs John Gesy's esearch shows pefuorinated Michigan State University toxicologist John Giesy's research shows perfluorinated Chemicals are present n birds and wife around the planet. chemicals are present in birds and wildlife around the planet. rome ana cen 31 wo"re i the Decatur, stam, pnt where ccd vas Former and current 3M workers in the Decatur, Alabama, plant where Scotchgard was prec ms, imag ortohemcl made hom le ht css produced sue the company, claiming exposure to chemicals made them sick. That case is Joo pending. 3pA3pllMlMaaonnrpp.tohh.caaMMassireeinnbssnnoeenoossuuocotttotoaoamrripiPPggooioilnunlllaanuulltdtiioSSsocnncnaotCtCtoccoonhhntgtgtrhaarooerrldldMAAiffgogosererimnnmsccuuiyyllaoaeensaastnntRiidm dwmeaaPPtrtFFeeOOnssAAtt2hhpp0eer0roo1ppd.diluuaaccTntnthtiioeorrneneslletaseatausssmietesaddtCCe11oo00tIt,,tna0a0c0g0gl00eeudppeGGsroorouuo2vnnv,eded.7ss94ooff Pounds of PEGS and 2,303 poundsof PFOA fluorocarbon compounds into the Mississippi River in 2001. The estimate includes 2,794 pounds of PFOS and 2,303 pounds of PFOA. 2002| an 05. MPCAs Superund managers begin veagaten. Har| 3Mtells WPCA the drinkingwaterst 3M Cottage Grove pint Is contaminated with PFOA 3M tells MPCA the drinking water at 3M Cottage Grove plant is contaminated with PFOA and PFOS. MPCA's Superfund managers begin investigation. 2NN0oo0vv 2 poNMriintnnnpeeessorotbtaailDDieoepnpaafrorttrmmPeeOnntSt ,ooffaHHneedaalslttehhvdedenevvepeallorotppsss phhreesablltihhl--lbboaanssfeeoddr vPvFaaOlluAu.ees for for inking drinking waterof water of one one 2002 part per billion for PFOS, and seven parts per billion for PFOA. 22000044..00002222 S202U002 2DDe0ec0c 2 7q22000s023 FUFaoaryrdaiignneOOulrlisaeelNiaaatinnoddnaaalUUPnnaiivvreerrfssoiirttyypaoorfffMMliiunnonrnenessstooettdaa hrreeessmeeiaacrraccshh.eerr Sggheetet MMsaPPyCCsAAnffluufnnddhiiennggfttsoonttteeessstttffpiissohhstiinnive fVoorytahgeeucrhsemNiacatilo.nal Park for perfluorinated chemicals. She says half the fish test positive fo r t he chemicals. GpGooolvvl..utTTiiiomnm CPPaanawtwtrleoenlnttAyygaeapnppcpoyoi.innttss Sheryl Sheryl Comiganof Corrigan of 3H 3M as as commissioner commissioner of of the the Minnesota Minnesota Pollution Control Agency. Environments! protection Agency re--leases preliminary draft ris assessment or POA Environmental Protection Agency releases preliminary draft risk assessment for PFOA. 2003 2003 SCCeoenmntoteenrrtssoffnooirrnDDgiissseeuaarssveeelCCiooannntcrtreoollsaatnnudd.PPrreevveennttiioonn adds adds PFOA PFOA and and PFOS Pros to to isits national national biomonitoring surveillance study. TE 33M ppuubblliisshheess rreessuullttssoof bblloooodd tteessttss oonn cchhiillddrreenn.. It It shows shows cen cl~ildren and and adults adults have have simiar similar TERE 0 lev of pertuorinated chemicas, Indicating the chamicas ross the placenta whic 3 levels of perfluorinated chemicals, indicating the chemicals cross the placenta while a fetus 1 hater, | fetus is in utero. ETT voc depen of os ss oth corstation or 34 tn, ccs oe JJ2uu0nn08 mMMaPPnCCaAAgeCCroosmm,mmiescissusisioionnnegerhreSShrheesrrylyllfCCrooommrrgigJaaMnnmffailtetsserasl,eett1tte8errmwwoiintthhthGGsoovov.f.tPPraawbwleleeinnntgtyyaaapnnpdodiihntissedsseenniioorr 2004 managers, recusing herself from 3M matters, 18 months after being appointed. $280 | plan poses an indeterminate pus heath nazar. MDH recommends 3 more FECL | comprehensive investigation, on the scale of the ane underway at the 3M plant in | Minnesota Department of Health releases health consultation for 3M plant, declaring the plant poses an indeterminate public health hazard. MDH recommends a more comprehensive investigation, on the scale of the one underway at the 3M plant in B51 ecm, wabama. | Decatur, Alabama. Aug Minnesota Department of Health finds seven residential wells near the Washington Coury Aug 2068 lanai contaminated with iow levels of pefuoninated chemicals. 2004 Minnesota Department of Health finds seven residential wells near the Washington County landfill contaminated with low levels of perfluorinated chemicals. Nelghbors of the Decatur plant sue 3. They cain perfuornated chemical rom the | Neighbors of the Decatur plant sue 3M. They claim perfluorinated chemicals from the lank contaminate thei 20 and groundwater, and awered thelr Dopey Values plant contaminated their soil and groundwater, and lowered their property values. OO2c0ct0t 4 2004 [1205 50 GMMirinonnvneeessopolttaaannntssmffialleeceaa tcclahasesssm aasciccttkiio.onn lawsuit lawsuit against against 3W, 3M, claiming claiming chemicals chemicals from from 3's3M's Cottage Cottage Grove plant made them sick. MPC, Minnesota Department of Health and 3M embarkon work pan t investigate MPCA, Minnesota Department of Health and 3M embark on a work plan to investigate | FO and Pr releases fom re 3 Cotoge Gove plant and 3 afl no the PFOA and PFOS releases from the 3M Cottage Grove plant and 3M landfills into the Meisner and groodwter Mississippi River and groundwater. JJ2aa0nn05 2005 [EB0a TE HLE5EH EPA releases daft isk assessment for PFOA. EPA releases draft risk assessment for PFOA. public drinking water in Oakdale, Minnesota, tests positive fortrace amountsof FOS and Public drinking water in Oakdale, Minnesota, tests positive for trace amounts of PFOS and FRO The SSeied soures of he cotrinaton rc to nds where 4 05p05ed of vests rom ts peruorinatd chemical apertins PFOA. The suspected sources of the contamination are two landfills where 3N disposed of wastes from its perfluorinated chemical operations. 22000044..00002233