Document 5Lvx37YMDZx1d2Ky0QQy58ELN

BILLERICA RESEARCH CENTER CONCORD ROAO. BILLERICA, MASSACHUSETTS 01821 TEL: 617-66 J-3<S5 I TECHNICAL report GTS-1 DATE July 12, 1968. EVALUATION OF UNION CARBIDE 1S RESIN GRADE 244 ASBESTOS FOR POLYESTER RESIN * \ .. 1 for .r CAB-O-SIL n GENERAL TECHNICAL SERVICE LJ by GEORGE H. PELLETT submitted to DONALD P. KINTZ Aju 'O-J' l; INTEROFFICt CURKuiPONDENCE CADOT COr2P25^ATIOrJ BILLERICA RESEARCH CENTER CONCORO ROAD. BILLERICA. MASSACHUSETTS 01821 To: From: D. P. Kintz G. H. Pellett subject: EVALUATION OF UNION CARBIDE'S RESIN GRADE 244 ASBESTOS FOR POLYESTER RESIN date July 12, 1968 ABSTRACT Resin Grade Asbestos 244 was compared to CAB-O-SIL in un promoted and promoted polyester resin. In the unpromoted resin, the asbestos material was as efficient at equal weight as CAB-O-SIL EH-5. However, an extreme sensitivity of the asbestos to promoted resin was shown by a large viscosity loss upon addition of Cobalt to the resin. A nonionic additive was considerably effective for increasing CAB-O-SIL thickening efficiency in both promoted and unpromoted resin, whereas RG-244 showed no response to the additive in the promoted system. In addition, lot-to-lot variability of the asbestos material was indicated by a considerable.difference in thickening efficiency between two samples of RG-244. Further, small differences in degree of dispersion were found to affect the performance of the asbestos material; viscosity decreased with increasing time of dispersion _shear. This couia be an aavantage ror ko-244 oesc" emciency were 'obtained with minimum processing time. However, this would require extremely careful control of dispersion procedures to insure batch 'reproducibility. INTRODUCTION Resin-Grade Asbestos 244 is a new, modified asbestos fiber developed by Union Carbide for thickening and thixotropy in polyester resin. The purpose of this study was to determine the relative performance of RG-244 to CAB-O-SIL with respect to cost and weight bases for equal performance in Polylite31-007 a general purpose polyester resin. Other recommended areas of use are plastisols and organosols, adhesives and sealants. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ^ 2053 .' Samples were dispersed in a Waring Blender at high speed for 5 minutes. The materials evaluated were CAB-O-SIL M-5 (1K037), EH-5 (1E167), and Resin-Grade Asbestos 244 (February lot). The concentra tions used were 0.50, 0.75 and 1.00% by weight in Polylite 31-007 4. h H O . o. P. Kmc.2 lot 7-7-3040. An additive, G2320* was used at 20% (based on the thickener weight). Promoted samples contained 0.5% Cobalt by weight (6% solution). The data obtained in this study are shown in Table I. Physical properties of RG-244 are shown in Table II. In unpromoted resin, RG-244 was found to be slightly more efficient in viscosity than CAB-O-SIL EH-5 up to 1% concentration where a greater difference occurred (Graph I). But the Shear Thinning Index (S.T.I.), which indicates the degree of pseudoplasticity was about the same for EH-5 and RG-244 (Graph II). This indicates that EH-5 will yield equal pseudoplasticity at lower viscosity than RG-244 which should result in better wetting of laminates. Once the system is promoted the extreme sensitivity of RG-244 to Cobalt can be seen by the following data taken from Table I. The thickener concentration is 1% by weight. Thickener LVT Brookfield Viscosity, cps. 6 rom 60 mm S.T.I. 6 rom % Loss 60 rom S.T.: EH-5.(unpromoted) EH-5 (promoted) 3120 2880 1150 1066 2.7 2.7 8 7 0 RG-244 (unpromoted) RG-244 (promoted) 4220 2760 1564 1280 2.7 2.2 35 19 19 Notice that the original pseudoplasticity of EH-5 was retained after promotor addition although some viscosity loss occurred. As the data show, large decreases of viscosity and pseudoplasticity occurred with RG-244. = It is shown in Graphs I and II that the CAB-O-SIL M-5 grade had little effect on resin viscosity and pseudoplasticity. This is probably because this particular lot of resin has little, if any, unreacted glycol present. In unpr.omoted resin, both CAB-O-SIL EH-5 and RG-244 responded equally well to the use of the additive G2320. Large increases in viscosity (Graph III) and pseudoplasticity (Graph IV) were observed. Although less significant, CAB-O-SIL M-5 also showed large increases. However, on a percentage basis, CAB-O-SIL M-5 responded much greater to the additive than EH-5 or RG-244. This point deserves further consideration. The CAB-O-SIL M-5 lot used in this study, lot (lk037) was tested in another recent lot of Polylite resin. For comparison, the data obtained with and without the additive G2320 are shown below for both resins. *Atlas Chemical Co., Polyoxyethylene (20) Sorbitol. c'Uo JA***. r- c-, SHEET NO. 3 .from g H. Peilett TO D. P. Kmtz DATJuiy 12. 68 % CAB-O-SIL M-5 1% 1% (with additive) 1% 1% (with additive) Lot No. Resin 7-7-3040 7-7-3040 7-8-0895 7-8-0895 LVT Brookfield Viscosi tv. cos 6 mm 60 mm S.T.I 660 5200 690 1617 1.0 3.2 2360 4500 800 1350 2.9 3.3 The point illustrated by this data should support the previous comment as to why CAB-O-SIL M-5 showed little effect in the resin used in this study (lot no. 7-7-3040). . Trace, amounts of unreacted glycol in the resin apparently largely effect CAB-O-SIL performance. The use of further additive, although significant, is less effective than the initial trace amount present after manufacture. Therefore the differences of CA3-0-SIL performance with some lots of resin is probably accounted for by small variations in the amount of unreacted glycol. In promoted resin, both CAB-O-SIL EH-5 and M-5 respond to the additive G2320, and EH-5 shows much greater increases of viscosity and pseudoplasticity than M-5. The asbestos material showed no response to the additive at any concentration of RG-244. These data are plotted in Graphs V and VI. According to the Graphs, to obtain a viscosity of 2000 cps. and an S.T.I. of at least 2.0, 0.58% CAB-O-SIL EH-5 and 0.83% RG-244 by weight could be used. At per pound prices of $0.84 for EH-5 and $0.66 for RG-244, the following costs of each material are calculated to thicken a 100 pound batch of polyester resin. EH-5 G-2320 Weicrht (lbs.) 0.58 0.12 1 Costs $0.49 0.03 \ $0.52 RG-244 0.83 0.55 CAB-O-SIL EH-5 results in a significant cost difference or reduction of $0.03. Also, notice in Graph VI that a much greater S.T.I. is attainable with EH-5. Comparison ou;i the wetting rates of M-5, EH-5, and P.G-244 using the laboratory standard wetting test indicate that the asbestos material has much slower wetting rates than CAB-O-SIL at typical spray resin viscosities. This is illustrated by the following data taken from Table I. --. Notebook: No. Thickener LVT Brookfield Viscosity (cos.) Wettina Rate 6 rpm 60 rpm S.T.I. (Min.-Sec.) N992-50 Bl N992-50 B3 0.50% M-5 1400 0.50% RG-244 1140 708 672 2.0 2 :26 1.7 7 :45 N992-48 1C N992-43 2C N992-48 3C 0.50% M-5 0.50% EH-5 0.50% RG-244 2100 2880 2460 908 1158 918 2.3 2.5 2.7 3:13 10:10 18:30 sheet ho. <* from vj . n. r e x e c c u. t. fvj.iiu ij~ i c. ouxy x. lv>c. The lot-to-lot variability of the asbestos material was indicated by data for the samples in Table I identified as N992-70 A-D. This RG-244 lot was received after the first lot used for this study. Notice the viscosity data at 6 rpm for the N992-70 samples is almost 50% less than identical sample preparations using the first RG-244 lot, (samples N992-45 G,-50 B6, -50 AO, -58 3C). Sensitivity to degree of dispersion of RG-244 is illustrated by samples in Table I identified as N1009-45 A-E. From one to five minutes of dispersion at high speed in the Waring Blender, the viscosity at 2 rpm was reduced from 10,700 to 4100 cps. and the S.T.I; went from 5.3 to 3.2. CAB-O-SIL M-5, on the other hand, (N992-71 A-E) reduced in viscosity only from 3200 to 2760 cps. and the S.T.I. showed no significant change.. Of course, optimum efficiency with little dispersion time required must be considered as a favorable .point for this asbestos material, but it is also likely that because of this characteristic, batch to batch reproducibility of resin viscosity and pseudoplasticity would be difficult for the user unless processing variables were minimized and dispersion parameters stringently controlled. All samples prepared in this study wore viscosity stable and showed no settling after two months shelf aging. CONCLUSIONS : Based on the data obtained, the following conslusions are drawn: 1. At the same concentration, CAB-O-SIL M-5 gives equal pseudoplasticity as RG-244 at a lower viscosity level in promoted resin. With an-additive, CAB-O-SIL EH-5 is more efficient than M-5 and RG-244 on cost and weight bases for equal performance. In unpromoted resin, with or without an additive, RG-244 is better on a cost basis for equal performance than CAB-O-SIL M-5 and EH-5. 2. Efficiency of CAB-O-SIL M-5 and EH-5 is increased with an additive, G2320, in both promoted and unpromoted polyester resin, but has no effect on performance of RG-244 in promoted resin. 3. CAB-O-SIL exhibits considerably faster wetting rate of fiberglass cloth than RG-244 at typical spray resin viscosity. 4. Significant viscosity and pseudoplasticity differences are apparent between two lots of RG-244 tested in polyester resin. This indicates some inherent variability with this asbestos material. - 5. RG-244 obtains optimum efficiency with minimum dispersion time, but processing difficulties with respect to batch-to-batch resin uniformity might be encountered with the asbestos material because of its sensitivity to degree of dispersion. A205 V s ^ * Qm m n. tLiicu to D. P. Kintz DATE wuly i.,., 19 ~ FUTURE WORK This material is being evaluated in other recommended systems and results will be reported upon completion. :*- GHP/b Attachments (9) CyL<p-l^---" George H. 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Bulking Value', gallons per 100 lb. Dry Bulk Density, lb. per cubic foot Standard Package Weight, lb. 2.45 2.0, maximum Neutral 1.54 to 1.56 4.8 1.0 10.0 `Quoted from Union Carbide literature. *420533 Graph 1 A2054 Z 6 $ M 6