Document 5DmqB05Danp9oQ84eynOj83mV

FILE NAME: Exxon (EXX) DATE: 1949 Nov DOC#: EXX008 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Journal Article - Industrial Hygiene Importance of Dust - Southern Power & Industry D e c ' 11 01 1 0 : 3 4 a p. 2 rngultr" e g g e s t; equip., "i ts in ny. ' 2 2 :4 9 510835346B -> 8354913 ..I"1 N O .6 2 5 Oi np. ry.I Eugtno W . O 'B r'or M inifU X r> |rtqr c` ' -V i INDUSTRV '>* -A--.-. 1 1 ' " r AJ r :i. -1 1' <? ; f4 i prancu G. Smith, Editor H unter R. H ugh*!, Jr. iM o rtlli Editor Richard U Prie *outhrtfB Editor CONTENTS W, E. Coogler Pradictlen Moon,. Mechanical Handling Df Cron-Ties, by A. M. D e H a rt............ 40 in the m nsta, 'ice ia.lationa* i lipped s te e l eries,* etera.*' boiler^ lecial'. <. ei , j 3 )94i:' tu iln tu s. UBoRomDit1n9.04I,S HSialtit Ttaotrsi B1t7.,. n. x,--Phoac, ei a-siae. Willis Bt.. MK.ft0plosw{(obsdw,j,N9. 8J.B--awPbdpohloo 9a Qyintro 3 'U6t. Ki;atr4 U Durbwn, 67 CortoiPtofntonReo,m, Boirma81i3b1,. x x -- 4. & C. HoUti. 300 AudlCorloi B--uPHhdolna*ti. CCb1trroyl1d3S184.. Oslo f Q. B. JotB ieB . la p N a n a Ml eft1 * l n . , C hicarq 1. Ul--- PfeoDt, C t o t r a r 11*5. L. B.49C7ftlWp^rtiltl,BAibudBitlo.,riLufmOfl BAQlfdfej-. -- Ptoonr. Tactor Ifc&{aUrdnkUHiPdert..enC.al1Is3a0,1ItEilUbs.r--ty pftpne. Centml T873. aoobii Sabcorlptioo-- ll.M C unhdi-- H .9 0 ; F o rH jo IS 00 c. PuhthM Monihif iy w R, SMITH PUBLISHING CO. PiikHatitri alao o f 1 Cotiaa, Eleairtrjii doolJi, soirillm r Afanlworr, jnill'Tro duiow orloa /oorooJ, aOlilIrrH A udit,; Suppll,. ? . { Baokt. F rcsld tp tl . P r .!? vlc-freniiJot: X5- 'T , V aOA'BHrU|n0r, vjct-Pm f4 nl: v Co-Preoldoot: t- S- C. Smith, 'Ples-PTfitiUBt - J. C, Cook, V lea-PraBldm t : 0. A , n.arar,pSt-rotar,etTirrpea,nr<ir ; a . P Rob Sditttial -,-*d Em*cuti*m GMctrt grant building ATLANTA, GEORGIA A Good Lunch Help, by Franqi C. S m ith................................ 4 Profit* n Plant Layout, by Gregory M. D eu ter...................... 49 Progress in Candy Making, by R. A. Brock and F. W . Hayward 58 Hygienic Importance of Dust, by N. V. Hendrick*.................. 1 Centrifugal Boiler Feed Purnpi, by Igor J, Karasitk .. 5 Labor Turnover, by Philip Panfiefd ...................................... 74 Damage by Fly A*h Erosion, by Harry M. Spring . . . 78 < ft Electric Circuit Trouble, by Thomas Trail . . ..................... 84 A History of Power, by Carl J. Eckhardt, J r . ........ 66 PRACTICAL DISCUSSION feoutlof Op,Ille ImpcOrsd . . . , II T1|M BiU-Tb** Utensil Blrssl O lim s r...................9 Iwddw did ti*jq*sn R-i airaslo AJr MinKald .............. 97 Prsnioc Aldi R ttllri . . 04 | RMdlnc Molor, ind tajo! ................ 99 departm ents ra e re *in> T asana........................ * BTOV0TOT.*9ftiS*.'. . .3* BOTfERa' INTOaatATION................... a NEWS o / THE MONTH 8B TncatT coapdEwra..................... s? tn n r ^ m n a a ir lit , tHcejc to eovtiaTusasa...........is Capynsht I9ta. tiT W. ft. 0 / nttt PtWlbUHl mmer D e c 11 01 11/06/2001 10:34a 2 2 :4 9 510S353466 8354913 BUS i t Hiwcn iimiK M itrm nr ottm, fvimees, m m r a nm, srm is m i m m us nm aw m s, {HMMtitn hub hi to* 14 SOUTHERN POWER $ INOUSTRY for NOVEMBER. De c 11 01 11/06/2001 10:34a 22=49 5108353466 4 8354913 fum detteti Ut&n mwt MBER. ' In 193S the C-E Raymond Bowl M ill cam into the team-power held with design and operating ad vantage that revolutionised previous concept of coal pulverization. It had a wide capacity range. It handled wet coal with great facility. It was rugged, accessible and easily maintained. The mill ran quietly and power consumption was low. In consequence, the Bowl Mill won immediate and widespread acceptance among plant engineers -- more than a million Ih pr hr of grinding capacity was ordered within five year. Today, the Bowl Mill with all of it initial ad vantages. offers leveral new improvements, among which the following are of major importance: O Flat-Bottom Bowl --Increases the response of the mill to load changes by eliminating any inactive area where coal can remain in the mill; also avoids any tendency of heavy, abrasive materiel such as pyrites, to accumulate in the bottom of the bowl, Q The Whiwer Wheel --a new exhauster wheel design which gTeatly Increases the life of exhauster blades. A shrouded wheel carries heavily constructed "whiszer" blade which bypass a por tion of the air-coal mixture directly to (he exhauster outlet, fn service this has doubled the life of exhauster blades - in some caaea more than doubled it. $ New, Wear-Resisting Materials --are now being used far ex* hsuster liners and deflectors, resulting in greatly increased life at thesfc ports. Q Center Feed --where conditions permit, larger Bowl Milt can now be arranged for center feed which asaure* a freer flow of coal to the mill and serves to equalise wear on grinding parts. Thu* 1940 finds the C-E Raymond Bowl Mill, after more than 10 years at the top of it field, stiU adding refinements in design and materials that make it better than ever before. 4 0 % of oil Bowl Mill* purthawd lo doto aro Ropocrf ardors e n g I n e e r I nA-977 30 M A 9 1t 0 N A V E N U ! , NEW Y O R K 14, N SOUTHERN POWER fi INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER. 1946 D e c 11 01 11/06/2001 10:34a 2 2 :4 9 5108353466 8354913 p . 5 N O .6 2 5 P05 * V y -li &*ttoc< 1M Spinti fKuttap. Wtttraud, ^ G ahiooi J9i Low in maintenance cost because it gives such long, dependable service. Costly shut downs for frequent repacking are avoided. Man hours and machine hours are saved. Use Garlgck 150 on piston rods of engines, pumps, compres sors, etc., against steam pressures up to 800 lbs. The Garlock Packing Company, Palmyra, New York 1 GtnuU: Tho Grlock Pickiof Compooy of Coooda Ltd., MantmLQve. ] i i] SOUTHERN POWER I INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER, I94i n Dec' 11 01 11/06/2001 id 10: 34a 2 2 :4 9 510835346b 8354913 P 6 N O .6 2 5 D0S Industrial Hygiene Importance of Bust B y N . V H e n d r ic k Chief Coffin**T fadostri] fiyffi* Ssrrii-*, 0erpla Dewrtwsot at Publie Mei Uh '<9 COM IV o rlif II type* of modern Indwtry t t r e concerned Hill <ftu t ond 11a control. C w t r to. S. A. Ca. FUI. I. T*( HI0StT NMNOtl l)t(N tOft 9Urr>K* AtaM *X(ie QUIT ttTFtl*L tlate between the o r i g i n of these materials, a defi nition of them is in THE annual coat to Industry from u n c o n t r o l l e d dust amounts to a staggering figuro. many eases the problem of dust la dismissed by management as only nuisance. In other plants, the recovery of certain dusts la eco nomically sound, especially where order. DU9TS sre formed by the re duction of earthy materials and Inare usually produced by such ope rations as crushing, grinding, buffing, etc. The particle size of dusts may vary considerably, ranging from sub-microscopic to visible, the particulate m atter may con tain precious metals or may carry valuable processing stock. Aside tarn any nuisance or economic loss resulting from the escape of dust there are certain dust ex posures which may result in acute health hazards. This 1 especialif true of ducts containing high percentage of free silica, asbestos, r other toxic materials. Where "eslth considerations are involv*d in such exposures, legal aspects fr^ent themselves. In most states whera occupational diseases are ^mpenaable, specific coverage la l*ven to those disabilities result FUM3S are formed by conden sation and sublimation. Chemi cally, they are metallic and are usually the oxides of such metals as zinc, and lead, The particle size is usually below one micron. Smoke comes from the burning of organic m aterial.and its partide size is usually less than onehalf micron. Mist* and Toss result from the condensation of water vapor on suitable nuclei, and the particle size will vary with given con ditions. General Properties falutist,from the Inhalation of silica paArtsiclea ssuizbes,tanthceereis arreeducceedrtaiInn JPaftnitlon* Many time* true dusts are coniued with fumes, smokes, mists, ln<i fogs. In order to differen- general properties of the material which are changed. On breaking up a solid into finely divided par ticles, the surface area is greatly enlarged and therefore the space occupied is greatly increased. As an example, a piece of quartz one centimeter on each aide when crushed to where the particles of one micron in else will present a system containing 10* number of particles. The total surface area will be 6 square meters. If these duet particle are dispersed onto the atmosphere in such manner that the concentration will be 10 million particles per cubic foot, the space occupied by this dis persed system will be 10 thousand cubic feet. The chemical activity of a solid is considerably Increased by a reduction in particle size. Thus the rate of oxidation is Increased as is evidenced by occasional dis astrous dust explosion- The phe nomena of adsorption becomes more important as gases are more easily adsorbed on the surface of the smaller particle. From the standpoint of health hazards resulting from dust ex posures, the physiological proper ties of du*t vary somewhat with the particle size. It 1b an accepted fact that with exposures to silica dust, the smaller the particle size, the greater the hazard. Physiological Steepens Drinker ha summarized the re actions resulting from the inhala- R, SOUTHERN POWER * INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER, 194* h) D e c 11 01 11/06/2001 V 1 0 :34a 22:49 5108353466 - 8354913^ Hn<*auon la more im- pense Into four groupu. These portant mode of entry than the are: same material taken by mouth. fi) Pneumoconiosis--The dusts This is primarily due to the fact producing this type reaction arc that when such materials are tak harmful only when inhaled. The en into the body by inhalBtlon. principal materiels producing thU the major portion ia taken into the type reaction are free silica and blood stream, whereas, a consider asbestos dust. On inhalation, these able part of that taken by mouth two materials produce specific is removed by certain organs of lung pathology and from the the body. . standpoint of disability, present tc) Melnl Fume P e r m --These the most important of the dust ex conditions result from the Inhala posures. tion of finely divided fume pttr- (hi Toxic Bsscikm--(A* poison tides. The importance of metal ing by teod, cadmium or radium) fume fever has been brought to These materials produce harmful the attention of industry by the effects when taken into the body great amount of welding which bath by Inhalation and ingestion. has been an important Industrial With reference to lead and its tool far the past few years. Where compounds which may be present burning or welding is done on sur In the atmosphere as particulate faces which have been galvanised, m atter, It has been fairly well the problem of metal fumes be established that entrance into the comes immediately important. rip. }. TK ticcmosTATrc mwipitatss *> u rn ton cpucctih atms- rw erio or PUT AHB MlMM INtT SHOWS PATS Pf frrilA Or BUST 1w',V-f * - ' .V "\j 'UH %" - -Ij i ' T* 'L ,:Ui *. f j A ' ? . \\ \ -1 X , 1 oxM Li mnM ' P 7 m NO.6 2 5 D07 This is also a problem in foundiWA where the pouring of brass v done, <d) JUlergy--This type reaction ia in general produced by pollen and certain organic dusts. & Common Industrial Dual* Carbonates are usually combin- 1 ed with either calcium or mag-'f nesium. They normally occur ht t nature as caleite and magmas* | or as dolomite, which contsim * both magnesium and calcium * f the carbonate. Limestone and > marble c o n t a i n considerable | amounts of these carbonates, n \ do the materials from which ce ment is made. Due to the solubility In body fluid, these material are remov ed when token into the body by inhalation. The presence of car bon dioxide in such fluids is on important factor influencing their solubility. The same thing applies to the presence of carbon dioxide in water which comes Into contact with these materials. In the pres ence of carbon dioxide the car bonate is converted to the m en soluble bicarbonate, thus adding to the ease with which It U remov ed by solution. experimental and practical ob servations on carbonate dust in dicate that these materials are not harmful when taken into the body by inhalation. This is probably due to the fact that they are easi ly removed due to their solubility. Sulfates are common industrial materials and this general cl may be Illustrated by gypsum, which Is calcium sulfate- This is a common material and is widely used is many industrial opera tions. It is generally considered that this typo material is non-tox i ic and does not present any par I ticular problem from a health standpoint. Oxides vary considerably in their physiological reaction. In general the nature of the reaction will be dependent on the type metal from which the oxide Is de rived. Where such metals are specifically toxic, as would be the case with arsenic or lead, a spe cific toxic ` reaction could bo ex pected from the inhalation of the oxide. However, other oxides ap pear to be relatively harmless, particularly where th motel 1 of a non-specific type. This ia true of iron oxide, Tho mining of Iron results in tho exposure of a great num ber of men to the oxides of SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER, fWd 11 01 1 0 : 3 5 a 6354913 p .9 NO.6 2 5 P06 HS- iOHOI* K*0M* 00*T UllW*(C. Tl IWX. *10. t. OU*m SUIT IK *,) SiSKirie*. nos <*>*. no. i. ciiLoioa ***? oust aenowoN >mx. ! thia m etal However, it appears that exposure to the duet ol iron doe* ro t produce pathology un less such exposure la accompanied by the pressure of free silica. The mining of coal results In exposure to coal dust which con tains a high percentage of carbon. Detailed studies of exposure to coal dust have been mode by the U, S. Public Health Service and other agencies. It has been found that, in general, coal dust is re tained In the lungs only when such dust contains a high per centage of free silica. Although coal dust may be deposited in the lungs of exposed individuals, the condition resulting is usually not considered disabling unless silica >s present. Silicates make up an Important daw of industrial materials and re used principally in the pro aociated with many other miner als and ores. The disabling con dition resulting from the inhala tion of free silica la known as alllcosia and has long been a problem with Industries such as Stone cutting, granite, foundry, abrasive, and the like, where sili ca is used in processing. There are relatively few industrial ope rations which might result in di rect exposure to pure silica dust. The importance of silica lies in It* association with other materials. A* an example, In foundry opera tions the dust generally will con tain clay and material of a nonslllcioue character, so that the ac tual percentage of tree silica may be relatively low. This Is also true in exposures to coal, iron oxide, and the mining of ores. Whan hard rock or silica ia present, these dusts become important mainly previous employment. Where such a condition exists, the desirability of preemployment examination is obvious. The c o n c e n t r a t i o n of dust breathed is important as lhl3, within certain limits, will deter mine the possibility of develop ment at dust disc*. Consider able research and practical obser vation* have been made in the field of dust exposure* to corre late clinical findings with atmos pheric concentrations. For free silica, asbestos, and soma of the other materials, fairly definite standards have been established. The nature of dust is important primarily from the standpoint of free silica content. This ia par ticularly true of mixed dust* which constitute the majority of Industrial exposures The volume of air breathed enter into the duction of ceramics and similar material*. Tele, kaolin, mica, clays, etc., ore chemically silicates and their widespread industrial ap plication result* in a great number due to the presence of silica rather than to the inherent properties of the parent material, Factors Influencing H aunts picture as it directly influen as the amount of dust which will be taken Into the body. The rate of respiration or amount of air breathed in general will be de of employees bring exposed to this type dust. With the excep tion of aabestoe, which is a silicate, this general clam of m aterials does In evaluating the exposure to a dust there are v e n d factors which should be taken into con sideration. The duration of ex termined by the physical effort required on the particular job. Where heavy work is being done, naturally an individual will re not appear to produce a disabling posure is important, as It will in quire more ventilation then where condition, except in isolated cases, dicate in a general way the total lees physical effort Is Involved. when taken into the body by in amount of dust which might be halation. expected to have entered the body. Dust Measurements Asbestos ia the only silicate Obviously other factors enter into In addition to the factora In known et the present time which such Bn evaluation a t total dusti fluencing dust hazards, it is neces produces a lung pathology com ness, and these will be discussed sary to make direct dust measure parable with that resulting from later. History, of past exposure Is ment* in order to obtain a true exposure to"silica -dust. important. This is particularly evaluation of any dust exposure. Of all the dust found In Indus- true where an individual is ex Such measurement* to made by *ry, probably the most important posed to silica dust. This point 1 the actual collection of dust sam s free Uica or silicon dioxide. It of extreme importance to industry ples, the counting of the dust par occurs In the form of quartz, flint, due to the fact that a worker may ticles, and by the Identification of sandatone, and chert; and is as* have contracted silicosis under o the materials maktng up the dis- SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY ft NOVEMBER, 194 3 i D e c 1 11 01 11/06/2001 ) l I 1 f > l V--/ I 1 p . 9 10:35a 2 2 :4 9 <------- -- - 5108353466 8354913 v wi u n j c o u e c u a n w n e tf te r u b e m e r e ly a n u is a n c e of dust samples, several instru* value or health consideration To merits may be employed. most industrial hygienists, 30 mil Much of the early work done lion particles per cubic foot la the on the control of silicosis In the mining areas of South Africa was carried out with the Konimeter. This instrument has been used some in this country, however, it has not met with the popularity which is enjoyed by certain other methods. Prom the standpoint of collecting efficiency, the electro maximum atmospheric concentra tion of dust under which an em ployee should work. It should be pointed out that the only way of determining both the nature of the dust and the actual concentration ia by direct sampling and similar procedures for the counting of dust. static precipitator Is probably the choice instrument, however, most Cam History NO.6 2 5 009 two 18-foot fans are installed which handle 500 thousand cubic feet per minute each. Actually, the material removed by these fang is made up principally of smoke rather than true dust. Two electric arc furnaces are operated and these are equipped with roof fans located immediately above the units, These fans handle 60 thousand cubic feet per minute each. Again, the major portion of the material coming from the arc furnaces is smoke rather than true of the work done an correlating atmospheric dust concentrations with medical findings has been based on samples collected and counted by the Greenburg-Smltb technique. The collecting device employed is an impinger unit which samples at the rate of one cubic foot per minute. Counting by this technique is done under light field. The percentnge of free silica in a dust sample is usually determined by either chemical or petrographic methods. Permissible concentrations of dust have been established for free bIUcq, asbestos, and other ma terials. For both silica and asbes tos, 3 million particle per cubic MANY industries having prob dust, and cornea from the alloy lems of dust control recog and flux material charged into the nize the existence of such problemfusrnaces, to varied degrees. Some take pass A problem of dust control in any ive attitudes, while others apply foundry ta the shakeout operation. s o u n d engineering procedures This is particularly true where which result in a reel job of dust s h a k e o u t ie mechanical and control. Such modern engineering handled on a vibrating screen or m ^hods are used by the Le grate. Here, a line conveyor sys- Tourneau Company of Toccoa, tern 1 used to bring the castings Georgia. directly to the shakeout grate. A This particular plant manufac canopy type hood is installed im* tures heavy road grading equip mediately over tha grate itself. In ment and its major dust problem addition to canopy, side enclosure* liesl in operation of a foundry for are provided which prevent air the protection of basic steel parts. leakage. The fan serving thia hood It is interesting to note that this deliver* 33 thousand cubic feet pet Company considers the control of minute, which results In a high dust a a port of the general over capturing velocity at the entrance ,, , t 1 < j* ( X a S j j J > .* foot is considered as maximum all production schedule and as a and discharge ports. An excellent working concentration. The U. a Public Health Service has suggest ed a procedure by which the total dust concentration in millions of particles per cubic loot is multi plied by a percentage of free sili ca, li the resulting figure la more than 3 million particles per cubic foot, the condition ia considered unsafe. If less than 3 million, the condition is considered safe. There should be considered certain limits of dustiness for any type of dust, result has its control methods inte grated into general plant opera tions. Although there are several methods which can be used for control of dust, ventilation, both in the form of general and iocal exhaust, probably offers the most satisfactory method and it la this approach which has been used by the LeToumeau Company. For general ventilation In the foundry, job of dust control results on this * particular operation. >f Sand conditioning in many foundries is a dusty job, With the LeToumeau Company this is -.j i handled by mean* of local exhaust . ventilation and three bag type iU- ! ters handling 6 thousand cubic feet _ per minute each. Tumbling opera* ^ tions for cast cleaning are also pro- - j vided with iocal exhaust ventila- fc (Continued cm pop 80) J 64 SOUTHERN POWER ft INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER, 1*46 . y* Dec* 11 01 1 0 : 3 6 a 11/06^2001 2 2 :4 9 5 10 8 353466 - 8354913 ] round in stoker-fired hollers. At the tune of each shutdown for cleaning and prevemltive main tenance (at least once every four months), all areas vulneiabic to erosive attack should be examined. Areas moat susceptible arei i l. Where flow of gases m&kea a ' turn, throwing out particles of I v solldk .................. 2. Behind any cracks, breaks, or ; gaps* in a gas baffle.. i 3* Adjacent to enyl projection that might divert normal flow I of gases. at least 79%. Figure 2 show the Should the boiler be provided I condition of .the tube that -failed. with an induced draft fan, observe Other tube were found eroded the condition of the blading. Ab adjacent to U bolts holding baffle normal wear may be Indicative of tiles. The U bolts provided suf erosive attack in the boiler. ficient Interruption la as flow to Careful attention by all engi cause eddy currents eqd localized neers to the problem of erosion impingement, (Fig. 3.) may well prevent a serious acci Erosion by partidesiof fly ash dent. p. io NO. 6 2 5 D10 The modernization program, of the Brock Candy Company tek- V ing place at a time when almost f any product, regardless of quality ' or cost, can be sold. Tne real bat. , tleneoki loday ore shortages of raw r materials and skilled persounsi ; However, progressive businessmen ' know that these conditions are J only temporary and (hat within a . few years, companies which con- ^ not guarantee quality will not be ] able to sell their products. Tbej,~ Brock Candy Company will con- s ' tinue to be a leader in its field be* cause it has refused to sacrifice quality of its products in these days when consumer demands ara greater than the supply of row matenais and because it has already ; . inaugurated a program of control and research which will result 1n . constant Improvements. D ust * C a n d y M a k in g project on improvement of the (C o n tin u ed fro m peg 94> quality of candy has been sponsor tion and dust arrestors as U shown (Continued from pjipe 90) ed by the Brock Candy Company in the photograph. Note that ex- ' i at the Industrial Research Institute haust is applied through the not be taken for granted, a chemi of the University of Chattanooga. trunnion of the tumbler. cal laboratory ia essential Since ail raw materials will be In foundry operations or any The Brock Candy Company is analyzed and tested in the com other industrial type processing, now in (tie process of constructing pany laboratory, variation in prop housekeeping la an Important fac a modern chemical laboratory end erties will be detected before the tor Influencing the generation of training a technician to perform material is used. This procedure dust. This foundry employ two control analyse. The laboratory, will assure products of uniform five horsepower vacuum cleaners l which ie located it) a large air con quality, since inferior raw ma for floor maintenance. By this pro ) ditioned room near the candy' terials will be discarded and form cedure loose dust, sand, and the cooking operations, is equipped ulations will be based on the ac tike, is removed from the floor and with modern tone-topped labora tual analysis of high grade raw la not projected into the atmos tory benches, the latest chemical materials rather than on standard phere by the movement of ma glassware, and such special analyt procedure which do not make al chinery, cuffing of feet, and the ical Instruments . as. balances, lowance for variation in the in like. Thl ia one impressive point vacuum oven, refractometar, and gredients. Analysis and testing will in the operation of this particular pK meter. Provision has been mode assure high quality of finished foundry. Excellent housekeeping for such analyses as moloture. in products and permit any difference la combined with a good procedure vert sugar, viscosity, pH, melting in quality to be detected. In this for material handled. point, and refractive index. Many way, any unavoidable error in In all of the attempts at dust con* ! of the control teats have been de manufacture can be corrected and irol at the LeTowmesu Company, veloped specifically for the Brock adequate controls instituted to pre employee cooperation ia obtained. Candy Company, and new pro vent their reoccurrence. Employee c o o p e r a t i o n comes cedures will be added from time to time as the need arises. The Industrial Research Institute of the University of Chattanooga The facilities of the control lab oratory will also be available for the evaluation of research and de velopment work being carried out through planned program of em ployee education and employee participation in affairs involving the health of the worker. haa cooperated . with the Brock in the factory. In addition to main Periodic dut samples collected Candy Company In selecting the taining the production of uniform in the EoToumaau foundry indi equipment, outlining and develop high quality products, the person cate atmospheric concentrations on ing analytical procedures, and nel and equipment of the een trd various operations well below training a technician ; q operate the laboratory will be available for w hat ia considered os maximum control laboratory. A research many other technical, aaaignments safe working limits. W SOUTHERN POWER A INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER. .1946 ' Dec" 11 01 11/08/2001 ' M 10: 36a 2 2 :4 9 5108353466 8354913 com*] P. 11 N O .625 O il ily In ` from 'uring nat- ' i on rove igea. the lass Iniagee 'in 4 *5 Users applaud fhe high Rust-Inhibition of Eagle Super " 6 6 " Insulating Cement Mon who have used Eagle Soper '`66" insulating Cement are enthusiastic not only about ita great fuel-saving ability - they applaud the way Super "66" tually inhibits rust on heatod metal eqbipmentl This unique ruit-inhibitive quality has been conclusively proved by labo ratory testa, and In actual use. It's an important factor in prolonging the life cl boiler, ovens, tanka, towers, heat changers, etc. 'Strila Utili" "Springy M l " imietere gives remarkable efficiency itrtmtt The tremendous insulating efficiency of Super "68" cornea from its "Springy Ball "pellets of Eagle Mineral Wool, Each pellet is a maze of dead air cells --one of Nature's most effective barriers against passage of heat. "Springy BolT'structure fa permanent --lasts as long as tbs insulation, Eagle Super "66" withstands a full range of temperatures up to 1800" F, tf not subjected to temperatures above l J00Fn it can be rem oved, rem ixed and re-u aed f An all-purpose Insula* tion, It can be troweled with little effort on almost any size or shape surface. Wet coverage is bs high aa 6S sq. ft. per 100 lbs., 1in. thick, . , and shrinkage is Jesa than 15& Send for dot sheets. They contain complete rtofirticai information about EagleSp*r``4 i ". A v tiltb h orrequeel. Olhr tag I* Industrial Products Indudos fog/e ImulisaJ. A protective cooling for InwIaMon. Trowel a n --dries to a hard finish. Wlthnondi temperatures vp to 460 F. < . i Eagle Swefchek fbfackt. A prepared, asphaltic base, tvstIflhibJtfre onti-condetuorlon compound, ,' . ' Fagf* "43" Finishing Ctment. A nord whits finish tooting for oil types of Indoor irtwIcitfon within b range from 70 F. to 800" F. EAGLE-PICHER INSULATIONS High and Low Temperature THI Matl'FICMIK COMMNV CINCINNATI (1},OHCO . Cagli Jvptr "de" lnvrottng Cimili fagli l-Taiwt W-I tilt Cagli Supimnp Stadi Cagli IfaakiH logli tipi Courtag Cagli l*liil Cogli loan Wall tagli Invitile tagli 5wtchl SOUTHERN POWER ft INDUSTRY for NOVEMBER. 1946 n D e c 11 01 11/06/2001 1 0 :36a *rri> i* p. 12 2 S- t m ''t is i V . 4 194 4. ...th a t's why industry relies on J-M Insulations applied by J-M Applicators) Good insulation alone is no guarantee of top Fuel strings. T o cut down beat waste and to keep on cutting it down through yean of service, insulation u be pmptrty applttd. That's where Johos-ManvilU can help youJ-M Insulation Engineers, ta d the facilities of the J*M Insulation Research Laboratory, are available to help you with specific prob lems, no matter bow simple or complex. The J*M industrial insulation line offers a care fully engineered material for every service. . . for every temperature from 400* T below icro to 2800* I above. And you have positive assurance of proper application became JM Insulation Applica tors know exactly which material is right for each service.. -know bow to apply it for great est economies at installation and throughout years of service. fo r details, write your nearest J-M Insola tion Applicator, or Jobns-MinviUe, fO M f Box 290, New York 16, New York- V l ^ i l JOHNS-MANVIL SULATIONS SOUTHERN POWER t 1N0USTRY for NOVEMIER, 194