Document 50rx2MJMvVO3pME2LN2qRxa18

IoduS trial Hygiene Digest February, 1956 213 Toxicity ot Adipic Kltrile. 1. Acute Poisoning and Merh"' TM of Action, I_ Gh'ringhoUi. Med, lavoro 46, 121 -128 (l9S5J. Italian. Adipic nitrile poisoning Is described la humans as deep asthenia, vertigo, vomit ing, inability to stand, cyanosis of the skin, tachypnea, and tachycardia which disappear an administering scdiua thiosulfate (15 cc. 25% solution) and glucose (20 cc. 40% solution). On administering SO mg. adipic nitrile per kg. of weight of guinea pig, lethal toxicity is ob tained owing to hydrolysis of adipic nitrile to hydrocyanic acid in the blood system. Sodium thiocyanate is found in the urine of surviving animals. Sodium thiosulfate (25% eolation, 2. S cc. per kg. ) has greater effect against poisoning than sodium nitrite (25% solution, 2.5 cc. per kg.). -- Chem. Abets. 214 Toxicity of Adipic Nitrile. 2. Study of Influence Exercised on Blood Constituents by Con tinuous Supply and Possibility of Absorption through the Skin. L_ Ghirtnahaiii. Med. lavoro 46 , 229*235 (1955). Italian. Guinea pigs injected with aqueous solution of adipic nitrile in doses from 3 to 30 mg. per kg. were studied for blood constituents, concentration of thiocyanate in blood, and their elimination iu urine. Blood constituents remain the same, blood thiocyanate is proportional to dose administered, and adipic nitrile la eliminated in urine as thiocyanate. Urine elimination of thiocyanate eras measured in guinea pigs-treated with aqueous and al coholic solutions of adipic nitrile on depilated or worn skin. Its action is proportional to the dose applied on the skin and is independent of type and concentration of the solvent. -- Cheat. Abats. 215 Fatal Poisoning with Sodium Fluoracetate. Report ot a Case. J. L. Brockmaan, A. V. McDowell, and V. G. Leeds. J. Am. Med. Assn. 159, 1529-1532 (Dec. 17, 1955). A case of poisoning by the rodenticide sodium fluoracetate is described. Certain drugs can be used in such cases: (1) procainamide pfconestyl) hydrochloride for cardiac arrythmlas; (2) intravenously used alcohol for central nervous system irritability; and (3) vasodepressor drugs such as mephenteraine (Wysmine) sulfate to maintain blood pressure. These drugs prolonged the life ot the patient ami may save lives in similar cases. -- Goad, from authors' summary 216 Vestibular Disturbances in Methyl Chloride Poisonings. B. Chalupa, A. Karen, and M. Sevcik. Pracovui Lekarstvi 7, 278-281 (1955). Bohemian. Out of 28 workers handling methyl chloride for 6.8years on the average, 27.8% showed pathological changes ot the labyrinth caused mostly by acute but also by chronic poisonings. The disturbances were more frequent in the summer than in the winter. -- Chem. Absts. 217 Determination of Perchloroethyiene in Fruit Treated with this Hydrocarbon. J. Deshusses and P. Desbaumes. Mitt. Lebensm. Hyg. 46, 233-237 (1955). German. A method for the detsrminatloa of perchloroethylene (tetrachloroethylene) in fruit is described. Perchloroethylene was removed by an air current, decomposed at a high temperature, and the resulting hydrochloric acid was titrated with mercurous nitrate. The retention of perchloroethylene fumes in grapes, tangerines, and dried fruit was exam ined; commercial fresh and dried fruit tested did not contain any volatile chlorinated hydro carbons. -- Chon. Absts. 218 Massive Necrosis of the Liver Due to Trichloroethylene. G. . Jorou, D. G. Cameron, and ti. W. Halpenny. Can. Med. Assn. J. 73, 890,891 (Dec. 1, 1955). -r- ~ < A case of massive necrosis of the liver following industrial exposure to trichloro- . ,, ethylene is presented. Attention is drawn to the fact that trichloroethylene may cause liver damage, notwithstanding the generally accepted view that It is non-toxic to the liver. * ' thors* summary ,.' 11 206 1373-