Document 4vXYxdYqQMZ7oryeM5wVzv67G

444 CHAPTER 31 1959 Guide Pipe, fittings. Welding Table 13____Dimensions of Steel Ranges for Primary Service Pressure Rating of 150 Psi (Gage) 445 12 3 < * 6 7 - 9 ,0 - ,2 - Id X* !** Baised Foee Ifhtigt Edge) King Joint IIII a I sQ 1 l| 6_ Z 5 1 jS | 1 m S_ o8.Eo eo |*c si t< 3 ll 111 O ** S U*S* 8 gJ JS* u co 2 o u o ii{ 2o . 5 ffi- 3 u 1 > III 38 8 s jis 8i| 2 j3sl 5S" * V c tcT _ ti s ~co 81 I 11 11 5| 3" w13 J- O' c AA SB : 5 cc K.. FF GG HH JJ KK u. MM IS 16 wf li 1 . J 1 65 a R$ 17 18 8 J3 & 1 <E j| 1 Tu .9 1 20 Bose DriUmg o 5^ ^ a _e D= --o a o " "o W 3o 1 *X 'As i* *X X 1* 5 He - 3* IX 4. 5 m sx IX 4X SX 2 sx IX 4X 6-' i* 7 2 4* SX sx 2 6 2 4 SX 2* SX 2 4* sx 2X 7X SX 26 X 2* 7 `He 3 7* X * 3* 8* lKe 4 9 `He 4X 5 sx 6 6* * 2* 8 2* 7 3 m 2X 7X 3 10 3 8* 3* UK 3 9 4 12 3 5 4X SX 2X SX 2X 4X 4* * * 3* * SX SX 7X 3X 9X 2X 4X 4]H * * 3* * 6 sx 8 SX m SX 4* 5 He * 3* X ' SX sx sx sx nx sx SX 5 He * 3* * 7 SX 9* 4* 12X sx SX 6 X * 4X * 5 10 `He ix io* 4* 6 11 1 - 8 liX 5 8 13* IX 9 14 SX 10 16 ix* 11 16* sx 12 19 ' ix 12 19 7* 13* ax 17* 20X 24* 3* sx 4* 5 SX 8 9 11 12 14 7* 10X *x isx sx SX 7 'He * SX X SX nx sx 14* sx 7 7 lXe * SX X SX 14X sx nx iX SX 9 `He * 7* X nx 1SX sx 20X SX 9X 9 `He * 7* X 12X 19X 7X 24X SX nx 11 1 1 9* X 14 21 IX 14 16 23* IX* 15 18 25 m* 16* 20 27* i*He 18 24 32 IX 22 21* 24 26* 29 34 7X 8 ' sx sx 11 27 30 32 35 40* 6 sx 7 8 ': 9 16 18 19 20 ' 24 14X 21X W 27X sx 12X 11 1 1 9* 15X 24X sx 30X sx isx 11 1 1 9* 16* 26* SX 32X 7X 15 13* m 1* 11* ISX 29X 9X 35X SX 16 13* `X 1* 11* nx 34X nx 40* sx 18* 13* IK 1* 11* X X X X X From American Standard/er St*d Pipe Flan^mand Floated FiOiett, ISO, 300,400,800, 900, 1500, tnd 2500 Lb. ASA B18-5-U53. Ml diroeoakua fivea in incW * Actuil dMNteriiNiM to bm 1 to U in. ud it K b- Im thu naminl tor aav 11 U M in- - flange fittings may be welded from sizes Vi to 24 in. in clusive (see'Table 13). Socket-welding fittings also are commercially available. These fittings have a machined recess for inserting the pipe which is attached by a fillet weld between the pipe wall and socket, end.' Use of socket-welding fittings generally 'is re stricted to nominal pipe sizes 3 in', and smaller in which range commercial fittings are available. This type of fitting has gained rapid acceptance owing to its ease of installation, low cost, and ability to make a pressure-tight joint without weak ening the pipe, as is the case with threading. Dimensions for socket-welding fittings, in accordance with ASA Standard B16.11-1946, are given in Table 14. EXPANSION AND FLEXIBILITY Changes in temperature cause a change in dimensions of any matter. The metals that are used for pipe have the same characteristics in that they expand with increasing tempera ture. If the metal is constrained so that it cannot expand, then an internal compressive stress is set up in the material. -1 2 3 d 5 6 7 8. 9 10 ,9 >3 14 Nomined Pipa Size Hub Outride TMdaim Diameter of flange. at flange Mia Diameter at Hub Diameter Begmniog of Chamfer Wektmg Neck OC X A length Through Nub V Sa-ewed slip-on sodeet welding Lapped Welding nedt Throod length Serened T socket welding. Lapped, Welding neck socket welding Corner Rodins of Bere'of Lapped Flange and Pipe Depth of Socket RO X 3K He IK. 0.84 X 3* * 1* 1.05 1 4* He UHe 1.32 IK *x *. 2H IK 5 `He 2K. 1.66 1.90 X X `Xe `He X X * `Xe `Xe X IK 2K.' 2K. 2K 2K, * 0.88 * 1.09 `He 1.36 `He .1.70 H 1.95 0.90 1.11 1.38 1.72 1.97 0.62 0.82 1.05 1.38 1.61 * * * He X 2 6 X 3He 2.38 1 1 2K i 2.44 2.46 2.07 He 2* 7 X 3He 2.88 IK IK 2* IK 2.94 2.97 2.47 He 3 7K `He 4X 350 IK. IK. 2K IK. 3.57 3.60 3.07 H 3* sx `He *`Xe 4.00 IK IK 21** 1* 4.07 4.10 3-65 H 4 9 'Xe 5He 4.50 -IK. IK. 3 1*6 4.57 4.60 4.03 He X Xe X He * `He X `He 5 10 `He 6He 5.56 IK. IK. 3* IK. 5.66 5.69 5.05 Xe 6 11 1 7He 6.63 IK. IK. 3* IHe 6.72 6.75 6.07 X 8 13* IK 9`K. 8.63 1* IK 4 1* 8.72 8.75 7.98 * 10 16 12 10.75 1`He i`K. 4 llHe* 10.88 10.92 10.02 12 19 1* i*X 12.75 We 2K *X 2K. 12.88 . 12.92 12.00 K 14 21 1* 15* 16 23* IHe 18 IS 25 IK. 19K 20 ' 27* 1% 22 24 32 IK 28* 14.00 16.00 18.00 20.00 24.00 SX W 2'K. 2* 3K 3K 3K. 31He <K. 4H 5 5 5* 6`H. 6 2* 2* 2^6 . 2H 3K 14.14 16.16 18.18 20.20 24.25 From Arnsrscan Standard/or SUtl PipeFlanf* and Flanged Fittiat*, ASA B14.MW3. All rfimweinni given in 14.18 16.19 18.20 20.25 24.25 ' To be specified by purchaser * * K K K This stress can be calculated, just as any other stress, by using Hooke's Law, where F =* Force of constraint, pounds. = Deformation, inches. E *= Modulus of elasticity, pounds per square inch. A -- Area of metal, square inches. h = Length of metal, inches. This equation is valuable in determining the internal stress of the pipe and also the constraining force on the anchors. This equation assumes that the stress b less than the yield strength of the metal. In other words, the metal will return to its original dimension when the temperature returns to its original level. Materials such as cast iron are not ductile, hence the yield strength is approximately equal to the ultimate strength. These materials have excellent compressive strength but poor tensile strength. For this reason, it is difficult to bend these materials appreciably. Cast iron, for example, could be put in tension and, from Table 20, it is seen that for a temperature change of 100 deg, a compressive stress of 7140 psi would be developed. If the pipe were straight, this stress would be handled easily. If, however, the stress caused a bending mo ment, then fracture might occur. The values of stress found in Table 20 were determined by using Equation 1 and substituting Equation 2 for e e aL&t (2) where a -- coefficient of linear expansion, inches per inch. AJ temperature change, Fahrenheit degrees.