Document 4vVdjKk2E1XKmB0w35g8VnX5e

New York University Department of Chemistry 4 Washington Place, Room 410 New York, N.Y. 10003 Telephone: (212) 59S-3427 ATTACHMENT TO TABLE I* Memorandum to: Dr. George Thompson Food and Drug Administration From: S* Z, Lewin Chemistry Department, New York' University Re: Determination of Asbestos Contents of Commercial Talcum Powders. This will serve to summarize the main points of our discussion on this date of July 10, 1973 with respect- to the factors involved in ''"he defection and estimation of asbestos in talc, and the status of the tabulation of results of the analyses of commercially avail able consumer products containing talcum powder. My research group has been engaged in studies of talc and its accessory minerals continuously since July 1971* and we are continuing to work in this field. We have undertaken to investigate the follow ing problems : A e Tabulation of the x-ray diffraction data for talc and all solid phases (whether naturally occurring, or added in the course of processing) encountered with talc in mineral, industrial, cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. B,, Elucidation of the x-ray diffraction spectrum (i.e., precise locations and relative intensities of peaks and variability thereof) of chrysotile. Assignment of the diffraction peaks to the crystal planes responsible for them, and interpretation in terms of crystallogr phy of the effects of grinding, orientation, and sample preparation. C0 Investigation of the chemical properties of chrysotile, antigorite, chlorite, tremolite, and talc; specifically, measurement of the rates of hydrolytic and ion replacement reactions. D. Microscopy, both optical and electron, of chrysotile and of talcs containing various accessory minerals, including chrysotile and tremoliteo E 0 Measurement of the degree of enrichment, due to air lutria tion, of asbestos' in the lightest fractions of the dust from commercial talcs . m 2- Po Development of a method based on the combination of x-ray diffraction, chemical reactivity, and microscopy for the estimation of the chrysbtile and tremolite contents of consumer products (these two being the only asbestiform minerals encountered in all the / American products examined so far, with only one possible exception), and application of the method to the analysis of about 200 standard store-purchased specimens. , G. Investigation of alternative analytical.methods, viz., diff erential thermal analysis and density gradient centrifugation, as alternative or supportive techniques. . Our results to date support the following conclusions: 1. The chrysotile that is found in commercial talcs is generally different in significant respects from the chrysotile that occurs as massive, fibrous growths in veins in serpen t i n e rocks. That is, the for mer has diffraction peaks that may differ from the latter by as much as 0.2 A (at 7*3 A);. it is more reactive toward dilute acids; iu shows a different appearance under the microscope; and its DTA endo- therms and exotherm are shifted relative to those of the latter (and apparently diminished). 2. The presence of chrysotile as a minor constituent in talc may be established with reasonable certainty on the basis of (a) the presence of x-ray diffraction peaks in the vicinity of 7*23 to 7*^3 A and 3*59 to 3*^5 A, (b) the pronounced weakening or complete disappear ance of these peaks upon treatment--up-en-- of the specimen with 1 M HC1 at 80C for 1 hour, (c) the presence of fiber bundles of visible size under 2 p O X or higher magnification in the optical micro- - scope which show a refractive index of about 1.5^ (these fiber bundles may be short and s t r a i g h t a n d may be coated with a bumpy encrustation of MgC|0^, or may be embedded in talc or other particles), and (d) the presence of fibers under the electron microscope which yield an electron diffraction pattern that corresponds in d-values to those found in the x-ray diffraction pattern (these fibers typically do not have a hollow central capillary running through them) 3 The concentration of chrysotile in a talc may be estimated by measuring the area under the x-ray diffraction peak at about 7*3 A reIf ;ive to' that of an internal standard. The best internal standard 3 is calcium oxalate monohydrate (peak at 5o83 A)c 4. The quantitative results are conditioned by the fact that segregation effects in-talc powders are considerable; the analytical method gives a reproducibility of 12 to 3^ average deviation in replicate determinations on the same sample, but different samples from the same bulk container are found to vary by as much as 200/3. 5 The quantitativeresults are further complicated by the fact/1 that antigorite gives an x-ray pattern that is indistinguishable from that of chrysotile. The HCl treatment specified above does not affect ground antigorate, but it is not yet known whether antigorite, if it occurs in talc, has the same chemical reactivity as the ground material from massive antigorite, or.whether (like chrysotile) its properties may be variable depending upon the rock matrix in whiojz it is found. 6. Subject to the qualifications inherent in the above, we have obtained quantitative estimates of the chrysotile contents of about 200 commercial talcum powder specimens. We have also determined the contents of the other minerals in these products, including tremolite, quartz, chlorite, dolomite, and others. There is no ambiguity in the identification of. these latter species, but the quantitative results for these are also affected by the segregation problem, which is most serious for those constituents present in the smallest amounts. 7. Most of the commercial talcs tested are free of any detectable amount of.any of the asbestiform minerals, according to the criteria enumerated above. Thus, there appears to be an adequate supply of talc for which there is no ambiguity about the absence of chrysotile or tremolite. In about 10>3 of the samples tested, there appear to be definitely detectable amounts of either chrysotile or tremolite present. 0 TABLE IV KEY TO SAMPLE NUMBERS OF COSMETIC TALCUM-TYPE POWDERS \MP NO PRODUCT NAME FURTHER IDENTIFICATION 1 Ammens Powder, Medicated Bristol-Myers (No. IF25) 2 Arnolin Deodorant Powder Norwich 3 Aquamarine Cooling Spray Bath Powder Revlon (143) 4 Bagatelle Amber Dusting Powder Corand (DCH) 5 Bourjois Bath Powder Caldesene Medicated Powder- Pennwalt (5274) 7 Cashmere Bouquet Body Powder OO Chanel No. 5 Bath Powder Colgate-Palmolive 9 Countess Rocbeau Cake Dusting Powder 10 Crepe De Chine Dusting Powder, Millot Jergens House of Fragrance (L1132) 11 Crepe De Chine Poudre Mist, Millot 12 Cuticura Talcum Powder House of Fragrance . Pur ex (07170) 13 Des enex WTS-Pharmaeraft 14 Desitin Baby Powder Pfizer (1139Z) (3/29/72) 15 Desitin Baby Powder Pfizer (115A) (5/10/72) 16 Diaparene Baby Powder Breon (E1030) 17 Dorothy Gray "Secret Of The Sea" Dusting Powder 18 Emeraude Talcum Powder Coty (355-4010) 19 English Leather 20 Faberge "Music" Dusting Powder Mem (2891) 21 Friendship Garden Dusting Powder Shulton (3/27/72) 22 Friendship Garden Dusting Powder Shulton (5/9/72) Friendship Garden Dusting Powder Shulton.(7/13/72) VMP NO PRODUCT NAME 24 Heaven Sent Aerosol Bath Powder Mist 25 Heaven Sent Bath Powder FURTHER IDENTIFICATION Rubinstein Rubinstein 26 Helen Pressl "Little Lady" 27 Imports, Spain Mens' Talc 28 Isis Floral Talcum Powder // s, . 29 Johnson's Baby Powder (028Q) 30 Johnson and Johnson Medicated Powder (3612) 31 Koscot Beauty Dust-Oil of Mink 32 Lanvin Arpege Dusting Powder (1288) 33 Lanvin Arpege Powdered Mist 34 Lanvin Arpege Talc 35 Lewis Baby Powder 36 Loves Fresh Lemon Glossy Powder Manley & James 37 Macy's Scented Borated Talcum 38 Macy's Talcum, Apple (2K4) 39 Marcelle Dusting Powder, Hypo-Allergenic 40 Mary Chess Perfumed Dusting Powder 41 Mennen Baby Magic Powder (B112) 42 Mennen Quinsana Foot Powder (H202) 43 Merck Talc, Product No. 6460, Lot No. 6460) (8039301) 44 Mexsana 2387-D Medicated Powder Plough 45 Old Spice Body Talcum '' -- 'Shulton .. . Persian Lilac Deluxe Dusting Powder April Showers (LFN) Persian Lilac Spray Bath Powder April Showers (B200B) Pond's Perfumed Talc Body Deodorant Dream Flower (115B) Prince Matchabelli Beloved Spray Powder SAMPLE NO. PRODUCT NAME 50 Quest Deodorant Powder 51 Replique Spray Bath Powder 52 Riviana Foods - Italian Stearin Talc 53 September Horn By Pond's. 54 Seven Winds After Bath Talc 55 U S P Talc 56 Vaseline Intensive Care Baby Powder 57 Yves Saint Laurent Rive Gauche Spray Talc 58 Z B T Baby Powder 59 Zeasorb Super Absorbent Medicated Powder 60 Ambush-Dana Dusting Powder 61 April Showers 62 Avon Unforgettable Perfumed Talc 63' Eeloved Perfumed Dusting Powder, Prince Matchabelli 64- Coty Face Powder Rachel 65 Desert Flower Spray Bath Powder 66 Emeraude Dusting Pox^der 67 Emeraude Spray Dusting Powder 68 Faber'gei Flambeau Deodorant Spray Powder 69 Jean Nate Spray Bath Powder 70 Jeris Talc, Flesh 71 Jolie Madame Dusting Powder, Balmain 72 Lady Esther Face Powder, Rachel 73 Max Factor Face Powder, Rachelle 74 Medicated Comfort Powder 75 OH.1 de London Talc FURTHER IDENTIFICATION Parfms Raphael (004) For Rice (19B) DuBarry (021085) (I 209) ..(F1021) Stiefel (9884) Shulton (F 1 BKI) Coty Coty (1 AEY) (37 WBF) (1 N 247) Parke-Davis Yardley (498) SAMPLE NO. PRODUCT NAME 76 To Know Me Is To Love Me - Tinkerbell 77 Touch And Glow Face Powder, Creamy Peach 78 Toujours Moi Bath Powder 79 Yardley April Violets 80 Chantilly Dusting Powder 81 Cashmere Bouquet 82 Jean Nate Talc 83 Mennen Shav Talc 84 Shower To Shower Body Powder ' '- 85 Pure Baby Powder, Dart Drug 86 Pond's Dream Flower Perfumed Talc 87 Almay Hypo-Allergenic Face Powder 88 Constance Carroll, Bouquet Talc 89 Djer-Kiss Talcum 90 Flamingo Dusting Powder, Tussy 91 Lander Lilacs And Roses Talc 92 Mavis Talcum 93 Mavis Body Powder 94 Tangee 95 ZBT Baby Powder 96 Blanchard's Dusting powder 97 Born Wild Dusting Powder 98 Lander Gardenia And Sweet Pea Talc '99 Lander Lilacs And Roses Deodorant Body Talc 100 Miss Dior Dusting Powder 101 Tai Winds Spray Talc FURTHER IDENTIFICATION Tom Fields, Ltd. Revlon Corday (4908) Houbigant (11F) (on 345) (B 81) Johnson & Johnson (5507BG) (K 11C) (0 13 D) Kerkoff (L1047) Vivaudou Vivadou Luft-Tangee (B0048) Del Labs (Avon (DCC 1272 2-14-72,HWS) SAMPLE NO. PRODUCT NAME 102 Tosca Dusting Powder 103 Coty L 'Aimant. Talcum Powder 104 Coty Emeraude Talcum Powder 105 Coty L 'Aimant Dusting Powder 106 Coty Imprvu Dusting Powder 107 Coty Muguet des Bois Dusting Powder 108 Revlon Intimate Perfumed Eath Powder 109 Jean Nate" Bath Powder 110 Jean Nate" Spray Bath Powder 111 Old Spice Body Talc 112 Dr. Scholl's Foot Powder 113 Faberge Xanadu Luxury Bath Powder Spray 114 Faberge Zizanie de Fragonard 115 Faberge Tigress Bath Powder 116 Faberge Woodhue for Men 117 Faberge Brut for Men Shower Buff All-Over Body Powder 118 Faberge Talc 119 Faberge Aphrodesia Bath Powder 120 Faberge Straw Hat Bath Powder 121 Faberge Aphrodesia for Men Shower Buff 122 Faberge Xanadu de Luxe Bath Powder 123 Faberge Woodhue Bath Powder 124 Faberge Music Dusting Powder 125 Faberge Flambeau Bath Powder FURTHER IDENTIFICATION (uj) (01A) (1M) .. / *1 (IDE) (2 DO) t (241) Lanvin - Charles of the Ritz (2137) Lanvin - Charles of the Ritz (2103) . Shulton, Inc. (MFO) (20517) (Yl) (2132) Ref. 61159-019 Ref. 2052-003 Ref. 5027 (0252) Ref. 5400 (raw material: from France) Ref-. 2052 (2172) Ref. 5027 Ref. 1244-028 (2342) Ref. 2052-002 Ref. 0714-018 (3121) Ref. 2052 (3471) - AMP NO 126 127 128 12 9 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 PRODUCT NAME Mennen Baby Magic Walgreen's Crib Age Caldesene Medicated Powder Desiten Vaseline Intensive Care Johnson and Johnson Medicated Powder Johnson Baby Powder Johnson's Baby Powder Johnson's Baby Powder Johnson and Johnson Medicated Powder Johnson and Johnson Shower to Shower Body Powder Johnson and Johnson Shower to Shower Body Powder Johnson and Johnson Shower to Shower Body Powder Avon Brocade Sp.ray Avon Bird of Paradise Spray Avon Tai Winds Spray Talc Mennen Bath Talc rii-Zow Talque Overton's "High-Brown" Face Powder Softee Face Powder Westport Face Powder Hazel Bishop Pressed Powder Lady Wayne Face Powder Solitaire Cake Makeup Dreamglo Pressed Powder FURTHER IDENTIFICATION (108T) (109T) (0452K) (C 512Z) (0709X1) (0872K) (31602) (B1652) (4065) (A308) .,Perfection Beauty Products Inc Pearl River, N. Y. SAMPLE NO. PRODUCT NAME 151 Early American Old Spice Talcum Powder 152 Corsage Dusting Powder 153 Ammens Powder, Medicated 154 Bismoline Medicated Powder 155 Rite Aid Pure Baby Powder 156` learner Pure Baby Powder 157 Mavis Imported Talcum 158 Avon Brocade Perfumed Talc 159 Avon Blue Lotus Perfumed Talc 160 Avon Beauty Dust Refill - Charisma 161 Avon Elusive Beauty Dust Refill 162 Avon Rdgence Perfumed Talc 163 Pinaua Clubman Talc 164 Grand Union Baby Powder 165 Cashmere Bouquet 166 Almay Face Powder, Soft Beige 167 Tawny Tone Body Talc From Black Heritage 168 Colgate Tooth Powder 169 Dr. Lyon's Tooth Powder 170 "C" Bouquet Talc. 171 Tangee Dusting Powder 172 Jeris Talc 173 Corsage Dusting Powder 174 Lander Gardenia & Sweet Pea Deodorant Body Talc FURTHER IDENTIFICATION Lander (101672) (4212DX) (Supplied by Mfgr (List No. 719, Lot 201, Supplied by Mfgr. ) (Beauty Mustus, Inc. Greenwich, Conn.) (Winarick, Inc. Distr. by F. W. Woolworth)(2662) (George W. Luft Co.) (2762) (Winarick) (2732) (Lander Co.) SAMPLE NO. PRODUCT NAME 175 Lander Baby Powder 176 Lander Lilac & Roses Body Tale 177 Beloved Perfumed Dusting Powder 178 Jean Nati Talc No. 60 179 Jean Natex Spray Bath Powder 180 Tinkerbell Body Tale ! 181 Yardley Sigh Shadow Brush-On Eye Shadow 182 Max Factor Face Powder, Rachelle 183 Tweed Bath Powder, Lentheric 1RA Yardley Next to Nature Sheer Pressed Powder 185 Yardley April Violets Dusting Powder 186 Yardley Red Roses Dusting Powder 187 Yardley Springflowers Talc 188 Yardley White Lavender Talc 189 Yardley Red Roses Talc 190 April Showers Deodorant Talc Jl.j l Chantilly Houbigant Dusting Powder 192 Tinkerbell Dusting Powder 193 Tinkerbell Powder Mitt 194 Tinkerbell Dusting Powder 195 Tinkerbell Body Talc FURTHER IDENTIFICATION Prince Matchabelli (235A) (22 64) M (2101) (Tom Fields, Ltd. , Div. of MEM) Ref. No. 721 (Supplied by Mfgr. ) (Yardley)(44) (A2) (162) (165) (260) (271) (214) Ref. No. 9882 (2JBB) (Tom Fields, Ltd.) 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