Document 4rDj5kJz1XYOEYeb1JZGm30R

conuuct^d at Che Ethyl corporation. The comments in your review or the draft report were carefully considered and appropriate changes were incorporated in this report. Copies of the final report are also being forwarded to the HIOSH Regional Office, OSEA Headquarters, Texas Department of Health Resources, and Oil, Chemical, and Atomic Workers Union. This report is also subject to mandatory disclosure, upon request, under previsions of the Freedom of Information Act. Thank you for your cooperation. If you have any questions, please contact me at (513) 384-325:5. Sincerely yours. 1 Enclosure cc: Gilbert B. Meyers VRINGENBURG:mf:Rm8415:FOB:Cinti: OH Virginia Ringeuburg Industrial Hygienist Industrial Hygiene Section Industrywide Studies Branch Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies FC 3058 ) SURVEY REPORT OF ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TEXAS 77501 SURVEY CONDUCTED BY: Michael S. Crandall Charles McCammon J DATE OF SURVEY: April 7-10, 1980 / REPORT WRITTEN BY: Virginia L. Ringenburg DATE OF REPORT: Hay 4, 1983 REPORT #: 115.10 Industrial Hygiene Section , Industrywide Studies Branch Division of Surveillance, Hazard Evaluations and Field Studies National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Centers for Disease Control Cincinnati, Ohio FC 3059 Purpose of Survey: Employer Representative Contacted: Employee Representative Contacted: Standard Industrial Classification of Company: The purpose of the industrial hygiene survey was to determine the Ethyl Cor poration employees' exposure to tetraeth yl lead (TEL), inorganic lead (Pb), ethylene dibromide (EDB), ethylene dichloride (EDC), and ethyl chloride. Dr. D.B. Johns, Pasadena Plant Physician, Ethyl Corp. Mr. Jonathan Jacoby, Industrial Hy gienist, Ethyl Corp. Mr. Ron Guinn, Safety Representative, OCAW, Local 16000. 2869 'n i FC 3060 Disclaimer Mention of company names or products does not constitute endorsement by NIOSH. ii EC 3061 Table of Contents Abstract............................................................................................................................................ .iv Table of Contents.......................... ............................................................................................ iii Introduction................................................................................................................................. 1 Plant Description.......................................................................................................................... 1-2 Description of Industrial Hygiene,Safety, and Medical Programs.....................2-3 Description of Workforce...............................................................................................................3 Process Description.......................................................................................................................... 4 Potential Exposures andControls Used......................................................................................5 Production and Toxicityof Substances Monitored.........................................................5-7 Survey Methods.................................................................................................................................7-8 Statistical Methods.......................................................................................................................... 8 Results and Discussion.......................................................................... 8-9 Conclusions.............................................................................................. 9 Recommendations................................................................................................................................... 9 References..................................................................................................................................... 12-13 Figures A-l. Flow chart of Ethyl Corp. tetraethyl lead process and plants...............14 A-2. Tetraethyl lead process flow, reaction and material requirements... 15 Tables 1. Worker exposure levels for tetraethyl lead (TEL) greater than the OSHA standard (0.075 mg/nr)....................................................................................10 2. Worker exposure levels for lead (Pb) greater than the OSHA standard (0.050 mg/nr).............. V...................................................................................... 11 A-l. Applicable standards of substances monitored at Ethyl Corporation...............................................................................................................16 A-2. Summary statistics of tetraethyl lead............................................................17-18 iii FC 306? A-3- Summary statistics of lead.................................................................................... 19-20 A--4 Summary statistics of ethyl chloride.................................................................... 21 A--5* Notation for sample data tables................................................................................ 22 A-6. Summary of tetraethyl lead samples.................................................................. 23-28 A-7* Summary of lead samples........................................................................................... 29-33 A-8. Summary of ethylene dibromide samples........................................................... 34-35 A-9* Summary of ethylene dichloride samples.........................................................36-37 A-10. Summary of ethyl chloride samples...................................................................38-39 ill (Cont.) pc 3063 Abstract An industrial hygiene survey was conducted at the Ethyl Corporation to estimate worker exposure to tetraethyl lead (TEL) and other air contaminants in the TEL manufacturing and blending units. Personal and area samples were collected for tetraethyl lead, inorganic lead, ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride and ethyl'chloride. Tetraethyl lead sampling results ranged from 0.011 to 0.159 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/m ),^and inorganic lead (Pb) sampling results ranged from 0.0027 to 0.869 mg/m . Ten percent of the TEL and inorganic* lead personal , samples were above thg OSHA Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) of 0.075 mg/ni for TEL and 0.05 mg/m -for inorganic lead. However, Ethyl employees wore protective clothing and respirators which had been quantitatively fit tested. Levels of ethylene dibromide (EDB) and ethylene dichloride (EDC) personal , and area samples were analytically below the limit of detection, 0.01 mg/m . Ethyl chloride personal samples averaged 0.425 mg/m ; the 0SHA standard and ACGIH Threshold Limit Value are 2600 mg/m as an 8-hour Time Weighted Average (TWA). iv EC 3064 Introduction Under the Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 (set forth by the 91st Congress, S.9123, Public Law 91-596) the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) was given the authority and responsibility for conducting and reporting on field research studies in industry. Section 20(a)7 states that NIOSH shall conduct and publish industrywide studies of the effects of chronic low level exposure to industrial materials, processes, and stresses on the potential for illness, disease or loss of functional capacity in the aging adult. Manufacture of tetraethyl lead for use as a gasoline additive began in 1923* By 19%4, commercial activities were stopped due to TEL intoxication of wor kers. An extensive investigation conducted by the U.S. Public Health Servic revealed that if adequate precautions were taken in TEL's manufacture and, addition to gasoline, the use of TEL should not endanger workers' health. Industry developed more hygienic work practices and better technology, began^ clinical surveillance of TEL workers, and resumed production of TEL in 1926. Several years later (and as late as the 1970's), TEL intoxication was observed in employees engaged in cleaning and repairing large gasoline storage tanks. It was discovered that most of these cases were due to laxness in wearing of safety apparel, especially air supplied respirators. In June, 1978, NIOSH responded to a Health Hazard Evaluation (HHE) request at the Ethyl Corporation plant in Pasadena, Texas. The request was prompted by the occurrence of three cases of multiple myeloma among long-term plant employees who had been exposed to TEL. These cases were diagnosed between 1971 and 1976. To assist in the Health Hazard Evaluation, an investigation was conducted by NIOSH epidemiologists. The incidence of multiple myeloma among workers at the Pasadena plant was determined to be approximately 15 times that ex pected by using race-specific data from the Third National Cancer Survey (1969-1971) and the State of Connecticut (1970), and the person-years calcu lated for workers employed a minimum of one year. These results prompted NIOSH to undertake a combined retrospective cohort mortality study and indus trial hygiene evaluation of workers at the Ethyl Corporation plant in Pasadena, T xas. This industrial hygiene survey was performed on April 7-10, 1980, to determine the TEL plant employees' exposure to TEL, inorganic lead (Pb), ethylene dibro mide (EDB), ethylene dichloride (EDC), and ethyl chloride. The exposure data will be used in conjunction with the ongoing epidemiological retrospective cohort mortality study. This data represents exposure at the time of this survey and may not be indicative of past exposure. Plant Description The Ethyl Corporation is comprised of eight buildings on 400 acres of land in Pasadena, Texas. (The major plant buildings and processes may be seen in Figure A-l.) The plant was built in 1952 principally for production of the motor fuel antiknock compound tetraethyl lead (TEL). Several other processes FC 30&5 1 operating at the facility produced linear alcohols, linear olefins, diethyl aniline, ethyl chloride, ethylene dichloride, and aluminum alkyls. Production of vinyl chloride monomer was begun in i960 and terminated in 1975. Much of the Pasadena plant and its operations were open to the environment. The TEL process, however, was enclosed, and laminar flow ventilation systems and air sampling monitors were added to the process areas to reduce worker exposures. The TEL building contained four floors. The alloy area occupied part of the first three floors on the southwest end of the building. The lead-sodium alloy and ethyl chloride were charged from the fourth floor to the autoclaves on the third floor. The steam stills were located on the second floor, the blending area occupied a three floor area on the north end of the building, and the recovery furnaces were located on the ground floor along the east side of the building. The entire TEL process was manually operated until i960 when half of the process was automated. This included automatic charge pot filling and conveying to the autoclave charging station; however, manual operations were still required in the actual autoclave charging. The TEL production at this plant was closed down in 1981. Description of Industrial Hygiene, Safety and Medical Programs Industrial Hygiene Ethyl Corporation employed a staff of seven industrial hygienists at corporate headquarters in Baton Rouge, Louisiana, with one hygienist located at the Pasadena plant. The hygienists conducted a comprehensive quarterly monitoring program to check for exposures to physical agents, TEL, and chemicals used in the TEL and other processes. All process areas were provided with forced air (general) ventilation and local exhaust ventilation. Safety Program A formal safety program in which all employees were involved, was under the direction of the Safety and Health Supervisor, Robert Mack. Under this program, descriptive literature on Ethyl's products was provided as well as protective clothing such as slicker suits, gloves, chemically impervious safety boots, goggles, hard hats, and respirators (which included quarter-face, half-face, and full-face). Ethyl also had a quantitative respirator fit testing (QNFT) program. Facilities for changing clothes and taking showers were provided and use of these facilities was mandatory. The change area consisted of clean and "dirty" sides with showers in between. Laundry facilities were also provided by the company, and personal respirators were cleaned in that area. Safety showers were installed throughout the TEL building as well as a kerosene shower in the clothes change area for personnel exposed to TEL liquid. Medical Program The Ethyl Corporation, Pasadena plant, employed one full-time physician and a full-time licensed nurse. There was also an employee on each shift with formal first aid training; these employees were designated to provide emergency 2 EC 3066 medical treatment. Preplacement (which replaced preemployment) and annual physical examinations were required for all employees and included a chest x-ray, hearing and visual acuity tests, lung function test, urinalysis, blood chemistry analysis, and an electrocardiogram (ECG) for those 40 years of age and oyer. In addition, urine samples were collected approximately every 2-6 months and blood samples collected every 6 months; these samples were analyzed for total lead. If an employee's lead level was elevated (above 60 ug/lOOg of blood), the individual was removed from the TEL area until his lead level returned to an acceptable level (below 40 ug/lOOg of blood). Past analyses have revealed increased blood and urine lead levels with lead intoxication symptoms in some employees. These results as well as any injuries (10 lost-time accidents during 1979)> complaints, and other examinations handled by the plant clinic were noted in the employees' medical records. These medical records have been retained from the time the plant opened in 1952 for all employees who have worked at the Pasadena facility. Description of the Workforce This plant employed 1200 people at the time of this survey; 1000 in production and 200 in administration. As of 1978, 14$ of these employees were black, 5% of Hispanic origin, and 4% female. Women with child bearing potential were not permitted to work in the TEL area due to the possible harmful effects of inorganic lead on the fetus. Production was continuous over three shifts; with 125 employees per shift in the TEL plant. The union representing the Ethyl employees was the Oil, Chemical, and Atomic Workers Union (0CAW), Local 16000. The main area evaluated during this survey was the TEL manufacturing and blending unit. Fourteen people, excluding maintenance employees, worked in this unit on each shift. Variations in numbers were caused by addition or deletion of trainees per shift. The breakdown of workers by area per shift during the survey was as follows: Area Number of Workers Furnaces 3 furnace operators 1 relief man 1 furnace foreman Alloy area 1 hopper booth operator 1 charge pot operator Main Building -- 1 4th floor operator 1 3rd floor operator 2 2nd floor operators Blender area 2 blender operators 1 blender foreman EC 3067 3 Process Description Tetraethyl lead is generally made by reacting a lead-sodium alloy with ethyl chloride in an autoclave. (See Appendix, Figures A-l and A-2 for a descrip tion of the TEL process.) The crude product is purified by steam distillation and water washing.4. The Ethyl TEL process, a multireactor continuous batch operation, was housed in a four story enclosed structure. The alloy area occupied part of the first three floors on the southwest end of the TEL building where the lead-sodium alloy [90% lead (Pb) and 10# sodium (Na)] was prepared in an alloy pot. The liquid alloy was transferred to a drum caster where it was cast, oil cooled to solidify, and crushed. All operations were carried out in a nitrogen atmos phere. The crushed alloy (in flake form) was moved by a vibrating conveyor to a hopper on the fourth floor. The hopper was purged with nitrogen and filled with the flaked alloy by either the manual "A" or automated "B" process. From there the crushed alloy was charged into a horizontal autoclave (with approximately 100 pounds per square inch (psi) of pressure and safety valve) which was located on the third floor. After the autoclave was charged with the alloy, ethyl chloride was fed slowly into the autoclave where part of it was vaporized by heat evolved from the reaction. The vaporized ethyl chloride was condensed in a reflux condenser and returned to the autoclave. Vaporization supplemented by circulation of a coolant in the autoclave jacket kept the reactants at 65-75 C and 50-60 psi. Any gaseous by-products were vented through the reflux condenser. Various catalysts, such as aldehydes, acids, ketones, esters, etc., were used in concentrations of 1 to 2# to speed up the reaction. When the reaction was completed, the autoclave was vented into a steam still located on the second floor. (Each still was opened and checked prior to loading and before dumping bottoms.) Caustics, fatty acid, and hot water were used in the stills to vaporize the last traces of ethyl chloride, to decrease the surface tension, and to distill the TEL from the spongy metallic mass. (Sodium sulfide, sulfur, and caustic were combined to produce sodium thiosulfate which when mixed with ferric chloride and added to the stills prevents "balling" of the solid material). The tetraethyl lead and water were removed from the top of the stills and placed in a settling tank where the water was drawn off the top. The lead-salt sludge and water remaining in the stills were dumped out the bottom to a sludge pit. The slurry from the still was washed free of sodium chloride and passed (under slight vacuum) through the dryer twice before being resmelted in three recovery furnaces located on the east side of the ground floor. In the furnaces, impurities were skimmed off before going to the melting pot. Seventy-five percent of the Pb used was recovered (and reused) since only about 25# of the lead fed into the autoclave was consumed in the process reaction. The crude TEL from the still was aereated, washed, filtered, and pumped to the blending area which was located on three floors on the north side of the building. There, under a nitrogen blanket, the ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride, and kerosene were automatically metered into the blender and the dyes, Automate orange-2 (oil soluble) and Ethyl red 105 (granular), were manually added through a chute to the crude TEL. EC 3068 4 Mixed lead alkyls (MLA) were also manufactured; these compounds, tetramethyl lead, and TEL are mixed'according'to'customer Specifications and shipped to refineries for use as gasoline additives. Potential Exposures and Controls Used The TEL process could be divided into five main areas: alloy, autoclave, steam still, recovery, and blending areas, among which the exposure potential varied. Elemental lead (Pb) exposure was possible throughout the TEL process by inhalation; however, the potential for Pb exposure was greatest in the alloy and recovery (furnace) areas. If system leaks occurred in the autoclave or steam stills, exposure (by inhalation) to lead, ethyl chloride, catalysts, and TEL was possible. Exposure to ethylene dibromide, ethylene dichloride, kerosene, and dyes such as Automate orange-2 and Ethyl red 105 was also possible (by inhalation) in the blending area. Potential exposure was reduced by ventila tion systems, protective clothing, and respirators used as control measures in the various TEL process areas. Production and Toxicity of Substances Monitored Tetraethyl Lead (TEL) Tetraethyl lead is an antiknock compoun^ that has been manufactured and used as an additive for gasoline since 1923* Only very small quantities (i.e. approximately 2 cubic centimeters per gallon of gasoline1 are needed to raise the efficiency of the fuel so that it burns more evenly.5 TEL, a colorless oily liquid, is a slightly volatile organic Pb compound that is insoluble in water but soluble in fats and their solvents. The solubi lity factor allows TEL to be absorbed into the blood stream via contact with skin, inhalation of vapors or ingestion of the liquid. TEL is then deposited in the fatty tissues of the body, especially the central nervous system (CNS). (A study by Cremer showed that TEL was readily converted in the liver to triethyl lead, and that triethyl lead, not TEL, caused the CNS effects.) Early signs and symptoms associated with TEL intoxication may include: insomnia, disturbing dreams, anorexia (loss of appetite), nausea, vomiting, metallic taste in the mouth, headache, irritability and nervous anxiety, palor, tremors, slow pulse, low temperature, exaggerated reflexes, change in bowel habits, and weight loss. As the state of TEL intoxication increases, the signs and symptoms are exaggerated and the subject may suffer an acute anxiety state progressing to a state^of mania typical of acute toxic psychosis; coma and death may follow. 57677' Although the lead content of the blood is the best indicator of inorganic Pb poisoning, the concentration of Pb in the blood may be only slightly ele vated or. within normal range when TEL intoxication occurs. Urine levels, however, may be elevated in both cases; but urine levels usually are apprecia bly higher in TELgintoxication since lead, absorbed in this form, is more rapidly excreted. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) Permissible Exposure Limit (PEL) for TEL is 0.075 milligrams per cubic meter (mg/nr) as Pb for FO 3069 5 an 8-hour Time Weighted Average (TWA). The Immediately Dangerous to Life or Health (IDLH) level set by OSHA is 40 mg/nr. The American Conference of Governmental Hygienists (ACCIH) recommends a Threshold Limit Value (TLV) of 0.1 mg/nr for an 8-hour TWA. (See Appendix, Table A-l.) Lead Inorganic Pb is ubiquitous in the environment and can be found in measurable amounts in all adult body tissues and fluids. Lead is used in many industrial processes, one of which is tetraethyl lead. In most of these processes the main routes of occupational exposure to Pb are inhalation and ingestion. Either type of exposure may result in Pb absorption (5-10# of ingested Pb; 30-50# of inhaled Pb) . and distribution throughout the body. The effects of Pb absorption have been described by Mayers as follows: loss of appetite, metallic taste in the mouth, constipation, anemia, pallor, malaise, weakness, insomnia, headache, nervous irritability, muscle and joint pains, fine tremors, encephalopathy, and colic. Other effects include damage to the kidneys and reproductive system and inhibition of heme synthesis (which would decrease oxygen (0^) transport in the body). An indirect indicator of Pb exposure is the blood lead (PbB) level. Prevention of adverse health effects from exposure to Pb throughout a working lifetime requires that the PbB level be maintained at or below 40 ug/lOOg of blood. (However, fetal damage in pregnant women may occur at PbB levels as low as 30 ug/100 g of blood). Average PbB levels are <20 ug Pb/lOOg of blood for 50# of the population and <35 ug Pb/lOOg of blood for 98# of the population. Urinalysis may also be used to indirectly determine the amount of Pb exposure. Under certain circumstances, although not a regular procedure, analysis of feces may be conducted to give an approximate measurement of the amount of Pb ingested (including that from the upper respiratory tract). The OSHA standard for Pb includes a PEL of 0.05 mg/m^ and an action level of 0.03 mg/m for an 8-hour TWA. The standard also mandates (as of March 1, 1983) that workers with PbB levels at or above 60 ug/lOOg of blood, or at or above 50 ug/lOOg of blood averaged over six months, be removed from further Pb exposure and not reinstated until the PbB levels are at or below 40 ug/lOOg of blood. NI0SH recommends an 8-hour TWA of 0.1 mg/nT, ACGIH recommends a TLV of 0.15 mg/m^ and a Short Term Exposure Limit (STEL, up to 15 minutes) of 0.45 mg/ur.* J (See Appendix, Table A-l.) Ethylene dibromide (EDB) and Ethylene dichloride (EDC) fethylene dibromide and ethylene dichloride are added to TEL in order to prevent the deposition of lead in the exhaust sections of the engine. The ethylene halide converts the lead oxide formed during combustion into the volatile lead halide. ^ Both EDB and EDC are toxic by inhalation, ingestion, and skin absorption, and are strong irritants to the eyes and skin. Exposure to EDB vapor concen trations above the standard may cause injury to the lungs, liver, and kidneys as well as CNS^gepression and death (due to pneumonia resulting from injury to the lungs). NI0SH recommends that EDB be treated as a potential carcino gen. Exposure to EDC vapor concentrations above the standard may cause mental confusion, dizziness, nausea, and vomiting. Liver, kidney, and adrenal injuries may also occur. 6 EC 3070 The OSHA standards for EDB are: 20 parts per million (ppm) PEL, 30 ppni as a ceiling-level, 50 ppm maximum peak for five minutes, and 400 ppm IDLH level. * (See,Appendix, Table A-l.) NXOSH recommends a 15 minute ceiling limit of 1 mg/nr. ACGIH lists EDB as a substance that is,suspect of inducing cancer in man; however, environmental conditions have not been sufficiently defined to assign a TLV. ^ The OSHA standards for EDC are: 50 ppm PEL, 100 ppm as a ceiling concentration, 200 ppijigmftxiinum duration for 5 minutes in any 3 hours, and 1000 ppm IDLH level. 1 NIOSH recommends that the PEL be reduced to 5 ppm per 10-hour workdaygand the ceiling level be reduced to 15 ppm averaged over ..a 15 minute period. ACGIH recommends a TLV of 10 ppm and a STEL of 15 ppm. ^ (See Appendix Table A-l.) Ethyl chloride Ethyl chloride and a lead-sodium alloy are fed into an autoclave; the resultant chemical reaction produces TEL. Afterwards, any remaining trace of ethyl chloride is vaporized and removed. The major problems involved in handling ethyl chloride are fire and explo sion. Healthwise, it may cause eye irritation, stomach cramps, dizziness and incoordination, liver and kidney damage, cardiac arrhythmias, and car diac arrest. 1 The OSHA standards for ethyl chloride are 1000 ppm (2600 mg/m^) PEL and 20,000 ppm IDLH level., 'j,ACGIH recommends a TLV of 1000 ppm and a STEL of 1,250 ppm (3j250 mg/nr). * (See Appendix, Table A-l.) Survey Methods General Area and personal air samples were collected at the TEL (process) plant over the four following work shifts: 4-8-80 4-8/9-80 . 4-9-80 4-10-80 7:30am to 3:30pm 11:30pm to 7:30am 3:30pm to 11:30pm 7:30am to 3:30pm Only the automated half of the process was in operation at the time of the survey; monitoring for inorganic lead and TEL was conducted in all areas of this process. However, monitoring of ethyl chloride was conducted only in the TEL manufacturing area and monitoring of EDB and EDC was conducted only in the blending area. Tetraethyl lead (TEL) Area and personal TEL samples were collected at a flow rate of approximately 1.25 liters per minute (Lpm) for 6-8 hours per shift using MSA Model G pumps. Sampling media were changed at least once during each shift and consisted ' of an 0.8 micron AA Millipore filter backed up with an XAD-2 resin tube. The filter collected the inorganic lead fraction and the XAD-2 resin tube collected the TEL (organic lead) fraction. 7 FC 3071 Chemical analysis for TEL was performed using NIOSH Method No. S383. TEL was desorbed from the resin with pentane, separated, and analysed by using a gas chromatograph with a photoionisation detector. Inorganic Lead (Pb) Personal and area Pb samples were collected on 0.8 micron AA Millipore filters in line with MSA Model C pumps. The flow rate was 1.0 Lpm with a collection time of 6-8 hours per shift. Analysis of lead was performed using NIOSH Method SCP No. S-34-1 22 The sample filters were wet ashed with nitric and perchloric acids to insure their com plete oxidation. The ashed samples were diluted to a final volume of 25 mil liliters (mL) and analyzed by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. Ethylene dibromide (EDB) and Ethylene dichloride (EDC) Area and personal EDB and EDC samples were obtained using standard 150 mil ligram (mg) charcoal tubes in line with MDA Accuhaler (Model 808) low-flow pumps [20 cubic centimeters minute (cc/min) limiting orifice]. Samples were collected for a period of 6-8 hours per shift. The samples were analyzed for EDB and EDC by using a modification of NIOSH Method S-104. Each sample was separated into A and B sections and each section was desorbed with 1 mL of carbon disulfide containing 1 microliter per milliliter (ul/mL) dodecane as an internal standard. Each section was analyzed by using a gas chromatograph. Ethyl chloride Area and personal ethyl chloride samples were collected using two charcoal tubes in series (400 mg and 200 mg) in line with MDA Accuhaler (Model 808) low-flow pumps (20 cc/min limiting orifice). Sampling was conducted for 6-8 hours per shift. The charcoal tube samples were,analyzed for ethyl chloride by using a modifi cation of NIOSH Method S-105. Ethyl chloride was desorbed from the charcoal with 2 mL of carbon disulfide containing l uL/mL octane as an internal standard. The sample analysis was completed on a gas chromatograph by flame ionization detection. Statistical Methods Summary statistics such as arithmetic mean, standard deviation, geometric mean, geometric standard deviation, and %% confidence limits of geometric means were calculated by different job titles for TEL, Pb, and ethyl chloride. Due to the small number of samples in each statistical grouping, the statisti cal analysis was judged not to be descriptive of the exposure data. This analysis may be seen in the Appendix, Tables A-2 through A-4* Results and Discussion All 8-hour TWA area TEL sample results and most 8-hour TWA personal TEL sample results were below the 0SHA standard of 0.075 mg/m . However, 6 of 60 TEL personal samples were above the 0SHA standard and ranged from 0.092 to 0.159 FC 307? 8 mg/a?. (See Table 1 and Appendix, Table A-S.) Although these 1 vels were above the OSHA standard, the employees were required to wear respirators and protective clothing, which if properly used and maintained would decrease the actual exposure level. For lead, the 8-hour TWA area sampling results ranged from 0.003 to 0.006 mg/nr which is below the OSHA standard of 0.05 mg/m . Six of sixty TWA personal sampling results were above the OSHA standard and ranged from 0.057 to Q.869 mg/nr. (See Table 2 and Appendix, Table A-9.) All area and personal EDB and EDC sample results were below the analytical limit of detection of 0.01 mg/sample. (See Appendix, Tables A-10 and A-ll.) For ethyl chloride, all 8-hour TWA area and personal sampling results were well below the OSHA-standard and ACGIH TLV of 2600 mg/nr and ranged from 0.274 to O.867 mg/m . (See Appendix, Table A-12.) Conclusions Worker exposure to TEL, Pb, EDB, EDC, and ethyl chloride was assessed at the Ethyl Corporation. The employees' exposure to EDB, EDC and ethyl chloride was judged not to constitute a health hazard since all area and personal levels found were well below the OSHA standards and NI0SH recommended stan dards (for EDB and EDC). Due to workers' proximity to TEL and Pb containing substances and to mal functioning of equipment (e.g., system leaks), the potential existed for appreciable exposures (by inhalation) to TEL and/or Pb. Therefore, employees were required to wear personal protective equipment; and their actual personal exposure level was probably below the OSHA standard of 0.075 mg/nr for TEL and 0.05 mg/mJ for Pb. However, improper use of or malfunction of respirators could have resulted in exposure of workers to excessive amounts of TEL and/or Pb. Recommendations 1. Reduce the ambient air concentrations of TEL and inorganic Pb to the OSHA Standard or below by using engineering controls (e.g., improve existing ventilation systems).2 * 4 5 2. Until adequate engineering controls are implemented, continue to use res pirators and to emphasize the respirtory quantitative fit testing program. However, keep in mind that respirators should not be considered a sub stitute for adequate engineering controls. 3* Increase frequency of equipment maintenance checks to reduce system leaks. 4. Continue the industrial hygiene and biological monitoring programs. 5. Lower PbB levels for medical removal protection to 50 yg/lOOg of blood. EC 3073 9 TABLE 1 - - Worker Exposure Levels for Tecraethvl Lead (TEL} Greater Than the OSHA Standard^ (0.75 mg/m3 as Pb) 4/8-10/80 Date Shift V Job Title TEL TWA Concentration (mg/m; 4/8 4/8 4/9 4/9 4/9 4/10 1 .... 3 2 .2 Z 1 3rd Floor Operator 4th Floor Operator Blender Operator 4th Floor Operator Furnace Operator 2nd Floor Operator 0.141 0.109 >0.094 0.159 0-137 0.092 a) Data have not been corrected for temperature and pressure variation; maximum deviation would, be within +_ 1% of actual values. 10 3074 TABLE 2 Worker E:cposure Levels for Lead (Pb) (a\ 5 Greater Than the OSHA Standard v ( (0.050 rag/m ) 4/8-10/80 Date , Shift , Job Title Pb TWA ' Concentre tio: (mg/a ) 4/8 1 Carpenter (Sludge pit) 0.118 4/8 4/8 4/9 4/9 4/10 3 Alloy Charge Pot Operator 0.869 3 . B-2 Furnace Operator 0.198* 2 Chief Operator 0.091 2 Alloy Charge Pot Operator 0.167 1 Alloy Charge Pot Operator 0.057 .a) Data have not been corrected for temperature and pressure variation; maximum deviation would be within + 12 of actual values. * Furnace B-2 started leaking Pb resulting in Pb*fumes. t 11 EC 3075 References 1. Cremer, Jill E., Toxicology and Biochemistry of Alkyl Lead Compounds* Occup. Health Review, 17(3): 14-19, 1965* 2. Kehoe, Robert A., An Illustration of Industrial Hygiene, Arch. Environ. Health, 8:378-383, 1964. 3* United States Public Health Service: The Use of Tetraethyl Lead Gasoline in Its Relation to Public Health, USPHS Bulletin No. 163, 123 PP*, 1926. 4. Faith, Keyes, and Clark's Industrial Chemicals, Wiley, N.Y., 4th ed., PP- 502-508, 1975-, 5. Barry, P.S.I., A Recent Case of Mild Tetraethyl Lead Intoxication, Trans Assoc. Ind. Med. Officers, 7: 71-74, 1957- 6. Beatti, A.D.; Moore, M.R.; and Goldberg, A., Tetraethyl Lead Poisoning, Lancet, 2 (7766): 12-15, 1972. 7 Machle, W.F., Tetraethyl Lead Intoxication and Poisoning by Related Com pounds of Lead, J. Araer. Med. Assoc., 105: 578-585, 1935. 8. Sanders, Lester W., Tetraethyl Intoxication, Arch, of Environ. Health, 8:82-89, 1964. 9- NIOSH/OSHA Pocket Guide to Chemical Hazards, DHEW (NIOSH) Publication No. 78-210, 1978. 10. Industrial Toxicology, Publishing Sciences Group, Inc., 3rd ed., p. 92, 1974. 11. Mayers, M.R., Occupational Health -- Hazards of the Work Environment, Baltimore, Williams & Wilkins, Co., pp. 69-70, 1969. 12. Federal Register, Department of Labor, 0SHA Occupational Exposure to Lead Final Standard, 43 (220): 53007-53014, 1978. 13* Threshold Limit Values for Chemical Substances and Physical Agents in the Workroom Environment With Intended Changes for 1981, ACGIH, 1981. 14* Groggins, P.H., Unit Processes in Organic Synthesis, McGraw-Hill, N.Y., 5th ed., p. 852, 1958. 15* The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, N.Y., 9th ed., P. 358, 1977- _ 16. Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Interscience Publishers, N.Y./London, 2nd ed. pp. 1280-1287, 1963. 17. NIOSH Current Intelligence Bulletin 37, Ethylene Dibromide (EDB) Revised DHHS (NIOSH) Publication No. 82-105, 198l. EC 3076 12 18. Occupational Safety and Health Standards for General Industry, 29 CFR Part 1910, Commerce Clearing House, p. 282, 1979. 19- Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, Interscience Publishers, N.Y./London, 2nd ed. pp. 1273-1275, 1963* 20. The Condensed Chemical Dictionary, Van Nostrand Reinhold, N.Y., 9th ed., P. 355, 1977. 21. NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, U.S. DHEW Publication No. 78-175, 4: S-383, 1978. 22. NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, U.S. DHEW Publication No. 82-100, 3: S-341, 1977- 23- NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, U.S. DHEW Publication No. 77-157-B, 2: S-104, 1977. 24. NIOSH Manual of Analytical Methods, U.S. DHEW Publication No. 78-175, 4: S-105, 1978. 13 EC 3077 APPENDIX A HO 3076 Flow Chart of Ethyl Corp* Tetraethyl head, Process and Plants FIGURE A-2 Process Flow, Reaction, and Material Requirements TETRAETHYLLEAD (LEAD TETRAETHYL, TEL) Pb(C,H,)4 From Ethyl Chloride and Lead-Sodium Alloy Reaction 4Na?b + 4CjHjCl Pb (CSH5) 3Pb + 4Nad ; 85-905& yield (based on sodium) Material Requirements Basis--1 metric ton tetraethyllead Sodium Lead (theoretical) Ethyl chloride (theoretical) Catalyst Ferric chloride Sodium thiosulfate 325 ky. 640 leg 798 kg 7.5 to 25 kg. Small . Small .15 FC 30B0 TABLE A-l Applicable Standards of Substances Monitored On April 8-10, 1980 i Substance Monitored OSHA Standard PEL IDLH '. NIOSH Recommended Standard TWA Ceiling ACGIH Recommended Standard TLV STEL TEL ( Pb i | EDB 0.075mg/m^(as Pb)40mg/m^(as Pb) 3 0*05 mg/m Variable 3 0.1 mg/m (as Pb) 20 ppm 154 mg/m^ 400 ppm 0.13 ppm 1 mg/m^ * (30 ppm ceiling) EDC 50 ppm 1000 ppm 5 ppm/ 15 ppm/ 3 40 mg/m 3 60 mg/m 202 mg/m^ 10 hr ..(15 min.) (100 ppm ceiling) ** shift Ethyl chloride 1000 ppm 2600 mg/m 20,000 ppm 1000 ppm 3 2600 mg/m 1250 ppm 3250 mg/m' * Is suspect of inducing cancer in man; environmental conditions have not been sufficiently defined to assign a TLV. ** 200 ppm for five-minute peak for any three hour period. 16 EC 3081 ( REAGENT TETRA ETHYL LEAD A-2 SUMMARY STATISTICS ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX APRIL 8-100,,11998800 1 JOB TITLE N MAX MIN MEAN STANDARD STANDARD DEVIATION ERROR GEOMETRIC GEOMETRIC MEAN STANDARD DEVIATION CHIEF OPERATOR + 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR + 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR + BLENDER OPERATOR * ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR + ALLOY HOPPER BOOTH OPERATOR 3 0.030 8 0.092 4 0.141 5 0.159 6 0.108 4 0.039 3/ 0.027 0.011 0.023 0.025 0.024 0.018 0.017 0.017 0.018 0.039 0.056 0.076 0.055 0.027 0.022 0.010 0.024 0.057 0.058 0.034 ' 0.009 0.006 0.008 0.028 0.026 0.014 0.005 0.005 0.003 + A FURNACE OPERATOR + B-l FURNACE OPERATOR 4 0.137 3 0.082 0.025 0.026 0.055 0.048 0.054 0.030 0.027 0.017 + FURNACE RELIEF OPERATOR 2 0.030 0.024 0.027 0.004 0.003 + FURNACE BREAKER + PIPEFITTER' (FURNACE AREA) 1 0.018 3 0.027 0.018 0.023 0.018 0.02S * 0.002 0.001 CARPENTER (SLUDGE PIT) 1 0.030 0.030 0.030 * + 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR (TRAINEE) BLENDER FOREMAN + B-2 FURNACE OPERATOR rn o Ca) o 00 \> 1 2 2 0.024 0.032 0.082 0.024 0.027 0.023 0.024 0.030 0.053 0.004 0.041 + FURNACE 5UINGMAN V ELECTRICIAN 1 0.027 2 0.024 0.027 0.012 0.027 0.018 0.008 j NOTE* UNITS FOR THIS TABLE ARE IN* MILLIGRAMS PER CUBIC METER AS Pb ! + MORE TUAN 50X OF THE VALUES USED TO COMPUTE THIS STATISTIC { WERE BELOW THE LIMIT OF DETECTION 17 * 0.003 0.029 0.006 0.016 0.034 0.041 0.057 0.046 0.026 0.022 0.042 0.042 0.027 0.018 0.025 0.030 0.024 0.029 0.044 0.027 0.017 1.705 1.624 2.280 2.381 1.935 1.402 1.290 2.212 1.801 1.178 * 1.093 * 1.128 2.418 1.627 95X LOWER CONFIDENCE LIMIT 0.004 0.023 0.011 0.020 0.023 0.015 0.012 0.012 0.010 0.006 0.020 0.010 0.000 0.000 } 95X UPPER CONFIDENCE LIMIT 0.062 0.051 0.152 0.169 0.092 0.044 0.041 0.148 0.182 0.118 0.031 1 0.087 122.084 t 1.348 ,! !; C; TETRA ETHYL LEAD * TABLE A cont) SUMMARY STATISTICS ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX APRIL 8-10,1980 1 JOB TITLE N MAX MIN MEAN STANDARD STANDARD DEVIATION ERROR I- 4 MACHINIST 4 OUTSIDE MACHINIST < (FURNACE AREA) I 0.024 2 0.057 0.024 0.026 0.024 0.041 * 0.021 0.015 4 OUTSIDE MACHINIST (1ST FLOOR ALLOY) 4 BLENDER TRAINEE *4 MLA OPERATOR 4 TEL OFFICE 1 0.033 1 0.042 1 0.027 1/ 0.013 0.035 0.042 0.027 0.013 0.033 0.042 0.027 0.013 * ** * CHANGE ROOM 1 (CONTAMINATED SIDE) 1 0.017 0.017 0.017 4 CHANGE ROON (CLEAN SIDE) 1 0.013 0.015 0.013 * 4 IH OFFICE 4 BREAK AREA 1 0.015 1 0.013 0.015 0.013 0.015 0.013 * NOTEi UNITS FOR THIS TABLE ARE IN MILLIGRAMS PER CUBIC METER AS Pb ' + MORE THAN 50% OF THE VALUES USED TO COMPUTE THIS STATISTIC WERE BELOW THE LIMIT OF DETECTION GEOMETRIC GEOMETRIC MEAN STANDARD DEVIATION 0.024 0.039 0.035 0.042 0.027 0.013 0.017 0.015 0.015 0.013 1.722 * * 95X LOWER CONFIDENCE LIMIT 0.000 * * * * 95% UPPER CONFIDENCE LIMIT * 5.077 nm ow a) CO 18 / jj REAGENT 1 JOB TITLE LEAD N MAX MIN SUMMARY STATISTICS ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX APRIL 8-10,1980 MEAN STANDARD STANDARD DEVIATION ERROR GEOMETRIC GEOMETRIC MEAN STANDARD DEVIATION 95y. LOWER CONFIDENCE LIMIT 95X UPPER CONFIDENCE LIMIT + 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR + 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR + BLENDER OPERATOR ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR 8 12.876 A 5.590 3 5.427 6 11.445 4 869.499 2.576 3.048 3.004 3.218 3.936 6.093 4.406 4.107 6.350 274.214 4.130 1.061 1.013 3.020 402.625 1.460 0.530 0.454 1.233 201.313 ALLOY HOPPER BOOTH OPERATOR s/ 18.322 3.740 12.001 7.482 4.320 A FURNACE OPERATOR B-l FURNACE OPERATOR 4 30.661 3 32.771 14.485 6.580 23.901 17.755 6; 792 13.512 3.396 7.801 FURNACE RELIEF OPERATOR 2 46.895 25.017 35.936 15.470 10.939 FURNACE BREAKER PIPEFITTER (FURNACE AREA) 1 37.111 2 24.727 37.111 9.137 37.111 16.932 11.024 * 7.795 CARPENTER (SLUDGE PIT) 1 118.296 118.296 118.296 * 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR (TRAINEE) ` 1 5.414 5.414 5.414 + BLENDER FOREMAN B-2 FURNACE OPERATOR FURNACE SUINGMAN t ELECTRICIAN MACHINIST 2 3.617 O 2 198.268 U) o a) is. 1 20.075 2 21.584 1 12.804 3.051 45.558 3.334 121.913 0.400 107.982 20.075 4.516 12.804 20.075 13.050 12.804 12.068 0.283 76.355 * 8.534 NOTE: UNITS FOR THIS TABLE ARE IN: MICROGRAMS PER CUBIC METER + MORE TUAN 50X OF THE VALUES USED TO COMPUTE THIS STATISTIC .MERE BELOW THE LIMIT OF DETECTION 19 5.024 4.303 4.005 5.807 75.379 9.849 23.036 14.423 34.252 37.111 15.031 118.296 5.414 3.322 95.040 20.075 9.873 12.804 1.926 1.292 1.287 1.583 9.645 2.339 1.382 2.233 1.559 2.022 1.128 2.829 3.022 2.905 2.864 2.927 3,587 2.047 1.193 13.777 1.960 0.632 0.027 1.127 0.008 0.000 8.689 6.466 5.481 9.402 2775.283 81.286 38.585 106.135 1854.942 8391.651 9.789 1085191.324 204307.023 ! ! jj REAGENT 1 1 JOB TITLE LEAD N MAX MIN TABLEeT"A--^P (cont) SUMMARY STATISTICS ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX APRIL 8-10,1980 MEAN STANDARD STANDARD DEVIATION ERROR GEOMETRIC GEOMETRIC MEAN STANDARD DEVIATION 95X LOWER CONFIDENCE LIMIT 95X UPPER CONFIDENCE LIMIT OUTSIDE MACHINIST (FURNACE AREA) . 2 24.728 4.928 14.828 14.POO OUTSIDE MACHINIST (1ST FLOOR ALLOY) 1 12.372 12.372 12.372 * f BLENDER TRAINEE MLA OPERATOR + TEL OFFICE CHANGE ROOM (CONTAMINATED SIDE) 1 4.316 1 12.302 I 4.827 / 1 6.249 4.316 12.302 4.827 6.249 4.316 12.302 4.827 6.249 * + CHANGE ROON (CLEAN SIDE) 1 5.687 5.687 5.687 + IH OFFICE 1 5.462 5.462 5.462 NOTE* UNITS FOR THIS TABLE ARE IN* MICROGRAMS PER CUBIC METER t MORE THAN SOX OF THE VALUES USED TO COMPUTE THIS STATISTIC MERE BELOW THE LIMIT OF DETECTION t I ii 9.900 * 11.039 12.372 4.316 12.302 4.827 6.249 5.687 5.4.62 3.128 0.000 311304.352 * * rtl n j) o 00 yi 20 i Reagent Ethyl Chloride Job Title N Max Min Table A-4 Summary Statistics - Ethyl Corporation Pasadena, TX - April 8-10, 1980 Mean Standard Standard Deviation Error Geometric Mean Geometric Standard Deviation 95% Lower 95% Upper Confidence Confidence Limit Limit 4th Floor Operator + B-7 + B-15 + B-l + B-8 + B-12 + B-9 + b-4 + B-3 + B-13 + B-6 + B-2 + B-5 2 1 1 l 2 1 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 0.321 0.337 0.471 0.513 / 0.284 0.358 0.867 0.448 0.274 0.276 0.507 1.143 0.383 0.287 0.340 0.471 0.513 0.275 0.358 0.333 0.359 0.274 0.276 0.507 1.143 0.383 0.304 0.339 0.471 0.513 0.280 0.358 0.600 0.404 0.274 0.276 0.507 1.143 0.383 .024 -- -- -- 0.006 -- 0.378 0.063 -- -- -- -- 0.017 -- ****** -- 0.004 -- 0.267 0.045 -- -- -- ----- . ___ 0.304 0.198 0.471 0.513 0.279 0.358 0.537 0.401 0.274 0.138 0.507 1.143 0.383 1.082 -- ***** -- 1.023 -- 1.967 1.011 ----- -- -- 0.150 --- -- -- 0.227 -- 0.001 0.406 -------- -- -- -- .617 -- -- -- 0.342 -- 234.239 0.494 -- -- -- --- - NOTE: Units for this table are in: Milligrams per cubic meter +: More than 50% of the values used to compute this statistic were below the limit of detection and were n t used. FC 3 0 8 6 21 TABLE A-5 Notation for the following sample data tables; Data have not been corrected for temper ature and pressure variation; maximum deviation would be within + 12 of actual values 22 gC 30B? 88oe 33 AA I ' H REAGENT tetra ethyl lead SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION 3281 3361 3441 3521 3781 3861 3770 3850 4171 4251 4331 4671 4751 5221 5301 5481 5561 5641 CHIEF OPERATOR CHIEF OPERATOR 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR I 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR PIPEFITTER (FURNACE AREA) PIPEFITTER (FURNACE AREA) CARPENTER (SLUDGE PIT) . BLENDER OPERATOR ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR FURNACE BREAKER ALLOY HOPPER BOOTH OPERATOR FURNACE RELIEF OPERATOR FURNACE RELIEF OPERATOR TABLE A-6 SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TUA CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (MG) (MG/CU.M.)* (MG/CU.M.)* 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 10 1 10 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 115 200 136 209 140 214 265 150 159 201 175 160.991 279.984 139.079 213.731 184.869 286.835 357.824 202.542 200.487 259.432 225.874 < 0.013 < 0.013 0.015 0.035 0.017 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 314 439.575 0.013 301 293 364.595 381.087 < 0.013 < 0.013 322 377.244 < 0.013 297 401.033 < 0.013 207 250.735 < 0.013 156 188.960 < 0.013 23 VV 0.083 0.048 0.109 0.162 0.091 0.046 0.037 0.066 < 0.066 < 0.051 < 0.059 0.030 < 0.036 < 0.035 < 0.035 < 0.033 < 0.053 < 0.070 < 0.030 0.141 0.064 < 0.024 < 0.033 < 0.027 0.030 < 0.018 1 < 0.017 < . 0.018 < 0.017 < 0.030 n ! | p REAGENT TETRA ETHYL LEAD ' SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION 5721 5801 A FURNACE OPERATOR A FURNACE OPERATOR 6111 6031 B-l FURNACE OPERATOR B-l FURNACE OPERATOR 2620 2700 2720 6371 6451 4660 4580 6611. 6531 8720 8800 - 0011 0271 A FURNACE OPERATOR A FURNACE OPERATOR A FURNACE OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 0351 0431 > 0511 -n 0771 w 0851 O oo ^ 1081 1161 BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR CHIEF OPERATOR 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR (TRAINEE) 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR (TRAINEE) TABLEtPS (cont) SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TWA iCONCENTRA (MINUTES) (LITERS) (MG) (MG/CU.M.)* (MG/CU.I 08 08 t 1 1 215 150 268.964 187.649 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.049 < 0.071 < 0.029 08 1 210 264.794 0.031 0.116 08 1 153 192.921 < 0.013 < 0.069 10 1 10 1 10 1 226 162 162 271.505 194.619 194.619 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 ' < < < 0.049 0.068 0.068 < 0.082 < 0.030 08 1 08 1 111 222 128.942 257.883 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.103 < 0.052 < 0.034 10 1 10 1 229 188 331.950 272.518 0.025 < 0.013 0.077 < 0.049 < 0.053 08 1 08 1 221 110 243.557 J21.227 0.024 < 0.013 0.098 < 0.110 < 0.084 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 280 142 254 142 122 266 386.418 195.969 320.274 179.051 146.565 319.559 < 0.013 < 0.013 0.040 0.014 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.034 < 0.068 < 0.023 0.125 0.080 , 0.109 < 0.091 < 0.042 1 < 0.029 08 3 412 597.221 < 0.013 < 0.022 < 0.011 08 3 08 3 252 161 300.239 191.819 < 0.013 < Q.013 < 0.044 < 0.069 < 0.027 08 3 257 334.264 < 0.013 < 0.040 08 3 169 219.808 < 0.013 < 0.061 24 2 EC 3 0 9 0 f, REAGENT TETRA ETHYL LEAD SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION 1241 1321 1401 1581 1661 1741 1821 2051 2131 2211 2471 2551 2631 2711 3021 3101 4740 4820 5050 5130 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR MLA OPERATOR MLA OPERATOR BLENDER FOREMAN BLENDER FOREMAN ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR B-2 FURNACE OPERATOR B-2 FURNACE OPERATOR A FURNACE OPERATOR A FURNACE OPERATOR ALLOY HOPPER BOOTH OPERATOR ALLOY HOPPER BOOTH OPERATOR FURNACE RELIEF OPERATOR FURNACE RELIEF OPERATOR CHIEF OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR BLENDER FOREMAN . TABLE (cont) SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TWA CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (MG) (MG/CU.M.)* (MG/CU.M.)* < 0.024 08 ' 08 3 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 253 174 183 192 126 252 204 226 204 245 329.061 226.311 238.016 249.722 163.880 327.760 267.355 296.188 257.228 308.926 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0 i 013 < 0.040 < 0.059 < 0.056 < 0.053 < 0.081 < 0.041 < 0.050 < 0.045 < 0.052 < 0*043 < 0.024 < 0.027 < 0.027 < 0.024 08 3 08 3 258 191 302.264 223.769 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.044 < 0.059 < 0.023 < 0.025 08 3 08 3 172 274 215.171 342.772 < * 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.062 < 0.039 4 < 0.024 08 3 201 245.463 < 0.013 < 0.054 08 3 253 308.966 < 0.013 < 0.043 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 417 197 226 121 505.104 254.269 291.700 141.759 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.026 < 0.052 < 0.046 < 0.094 < 0.024 < 0.013 < 0.024 25 PC 3091 REAGENT TETRA ETHYL LEAD 1 ' SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION 5210 BLENDER FOREMAN 5470 5550 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR 5630 5710 BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR 6020 6100 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 6280 6360 ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR 6940 6520 BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR 6600 6780 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 6860 7170 ALLOY HOPPER BOOTH OPERATOR ALLOY HOPPER BOOTH OPERATOR 7250 7330 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 7670 7410 B-2 FURNACE OPERATOR B-2 FURNACE OPERATOR 7750 7830 A FURNACE OPERATOR A FURNACE OPERATOR^ 8060 B-l FURNACE TABLFA-6 (cont) SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME 5AMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION . TWA CONCENTRATI (MINUTES) (LITERS) (MG) (MG/CU.M.r (MG/CU.M. 09 2 233 272.975 < 0.013 < 0.049 < 0.032 09 ' 09 2 2 194 227 206.096 241.154 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.065 < 0.055 < 0.030 09 2 09 2 177 225 196.823 250.199 0.014 < 0.013 0.069 < 0.053 < 0.045 09 2 09 2 206 218 247.478 261.895 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.054 < 0.051 < 0.026 09 ? 191 267.385 Q.017 0.064 09 2 237 331.781 < 0.013 < 0.040 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 111 261 157 259 217 217 135.554 318.735 210.435 347.151 245.612 245.612 0.043 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < . 0.013 < 0.013 0.314 < 0.042 < 0.063 < 0.038 < 0.054 < 0.054 < 0.039 < 0.108 < 0.024 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 191 227 184 248 210.495 250.169 158.936 214.218 0.058 0.015 0.024 < 0.013 0.276 0.060 0.150 < 0.062 < 0.027 0.159 09 2 252 09 ') 186 09 2' 203 317.752 234.532 173.332 0.069 < 0.013 < 0.013 * 0.217 < 0.057 < 0.077 < 0.082 0.137 26 i REAGENT TETRA ETHYL LEAD . SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION 8140 OPERATOR B-l FURNACE OPERATOR 0000 0180 PIPEFITTER (FURNACE AREA) PIPEFITTER (FURNACE AREA) 0260 0340 0500 0680 MACHINIST MACHINIST B-l FURNACE/ OPERATOR B-l FURNACE OPERATOR 0760 0840 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR 1070 1150 ELECTRICIAN ELECTRICIAN 1230 ' 1310 OUTSIDE MACHINIST (FURNACE AREA) OUTSIDE MACHINIST (FURNACE AREA) 1570 1650 rn n 1730 O 1810 'D \> 2040 2120 PIPEFITTER (FURNACE AREA) PIPEFITTER (FURNACE AREA) ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR OUTSIDE MACHINIST (FURNACE AREA) OUTSIDE MACHINIST TABLE A-6 (cont) SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TWA CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (MG) (MG/CU.M.T (MG/CU.M.)* 09 2 242 10 1 10 1 196 238 10 1 10 1 10 1 10 1 199 238 139 260 10 1 10 1 10 1 10 1 10 1 10 1 187 219 273 186 197 236 10 1 10 1 191 240 10 1' 152 10 1 244 10 1 10 1 199 236 206.632 < 0.013 < 0.064 247.141 300.100 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.054 < 0.044 248.948 297.737 175.268 327.840 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.053 < 0.045 < 0.076 < 0.041 243.219 284.839 330.679 225.298 230.798 276.490 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.055 < 0.047 < 0.040 < 0.059 < 0.058 < 0.048 256.007 321.684 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.052 < 0,041 190.151 305.243 203.505 241.343 < 0.013 < 0.013 < 0.070 < 0.044 0.018 'i ^ t * ' 0.091 < 0.013 < 0.055 < 0.035 < 0.024 < 0.024 < 0.026 < 0.025 < 0.024 < 0.026 < 0.023 * < 0.027 27 ; p) REAGENT TETRA ETHYL LEAD TABLE A- 6 (cont) SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION (FURNACE AREA) 2200 2380 OUTSIDE MACHINIST (1ST FLOOR ALLOY) OUTSIDE MACHINIST (1ST FLOOR ALLOY) 2880 3010 FURNACE SUINGMAN FURNACE SUINGMAN DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TWA CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (MG) (MG/CU.M.)* (MG/CU.M.)* 10 1 10 1 10 1 10 l 202 233 222 161 262.729 303.048 0.013 < 0.013 288.741 209.402 < 0.013 < 0.013 0.051 < 0.044 < 0.046 < 0.064 < 0.057 < 0.035 < 0.027 3270 3350 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 10 1 10 1 197 221 256.225 287.441 0.031 0.019 0.121 0.066 0.092 4160 4080 BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR 10 1 10 1 174 266 207.308 316.918 0.017 < 0.013 0.080 < 0.042 < 0.044 4320 4240 BLENDER TRAINEE BLENDER TRAINEE 10 1 10 1 250 192 327.641 251.629 0.017 < 0.013 0.053 < 0.053 < 0.042 4400 ELECTRICIAN 10 1 439 553.545 < 0.013 < 0.024 < 0.012 0420 TEL OFFICE 10 1 370 517.971 < 0.013 < 0.026 < 0.013 2460 CHANGE ROOM 10 1 (CONTAMINATED SIDE) 363 400.050 < 0.013 < 0.033 < . 0.017 2540 CHANGE ROON (CLEAN SIDE) 10 1 360 439.635 < 0.013 < 0.030 < 0.015 3430 IH OFFICE 10 1 394 457.685 < 0.013 < 0.029 < 0.015 3510 BREAK AREA 10 1 * 3 * TEL Concentration is Expressed as mg/m as Pb. 357 492.683 < 0.013 < 0.027 < 0.013 EC 3 0 9 3 28 ' ^ REAGENT LEAD SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION 4773 4853 Z313 5243 5323 5583 5663 6133 6213 6473 6553 6633 6713 1763 * 7023 CHIEF OPERATOR 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR PIPEFITTER (FURNACE AREA) i CARPENTER (SLUDGE PIT) BLENDER OPERATOR ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR FURNACE BREAKER ALLOY HOPPER BOOTH OPERATOR FURNACE RELIEF OPERATOR A FURNACE OPERATOR B-l FURNACE OPERATOR A FURNACE OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR TABLE A-7 SUMMARY OF SAMPLFS TAKFH OH APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TMA CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (UG) (UG/CU.M.) (UG/CU.M.) 08 , 1 08 1 10 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 08* 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 10 1 08 1 315 345 415 159 376 314 301 293 322 297 363 365 363 388 333 440.975 352.810 560.366 `200.487 485.306 439.575 < 3.000 < 3.000 < 5.000 < 3.000 12.000 52.000 364.595 381.087 3.000 < 3.000 377.244 401.033 14.000 < 3.000 439.695 11.000 456.613 457.715 14.000 15.000 466.124 386.825 12.000 < 3.000 < 6.803 < 8.503 ,,< 8.923 < 14.964 24.727 118.296 8.228 < 7.872 37.111 < 7.481 25.017 30.661 32.771 25.744 < 7.755 < 3.402 < 4.252 < 4.461 < 7.482 24.727 . 118.296 8.228 < 3.936 37.111 < 3.740 1 25.017 30.661 32.771 25.744 FC 3 0 9 5 /. REAGENT LEAD j SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION j- 2813 7103 3043 3123 3203 3383 3463 3543 3623 3703 3883 4013 4273 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR CHIEF OPERATOR 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR (TRAINEE) 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR MLA OPERATOR BLENDER FOREMAN ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR 8-2 FURNACE OPERATOR 4333 4433 A FURNACE OPERATOR ALLOY HOPPER BOOTH OPERATOR TABLE A-? (cont) SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX * DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (UG) (UG/CU.M.) 10 1 08 1 08 3 08 - 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 417 331 422 396 388 412 413 426 604.468 364.784 582.387 499.323 466.124 597.221 492.058 354.071 7.000 < 3.000 < 3.000 < 3.000 < 3.000 5.000 < 3.000 3.000 11.580 < 8.224 < 5.151 < 6.008 < 6.436 8.372 < 6.097 ` 5.414 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 427 373 378 430 555.372 487.739 491.641 563.543 < 3.000 6.000 < 3.000 490.000 < 5.402 12.302 < 6.102 869.499 08 3 204 257.228 51.000 198.268 08 3 08 3 449 172 526.033 215.171 13.000 3.000 24.713 13.942 30 (UG/CU.M.) < 3.878 11.580 < 4.112 < 2.576 < 3.004 < 3.218 8.372 < 3.048 5.414 < 2.701 12.302 < 3.051 869.499 198.268 24.713 13.942 I ( >' i, jt i REAGENT LEAD IPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION 4513 7432 7312 7772 7832 8082 8162 8262 8322 8602 8582 8662 8762 8822 0033 FURNACE RELIEF OPERATOR CHIEF OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR BLENDER FOREMAN 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR 6TN FLOOR OPERATOR ALLOY HOPPER BOOTH OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR B-2 FURNACE OPERATOR A FURNACE OPERATOR B-l FURNACE OPERATOR 960 TABLE A-7 (cont) SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TWA CONCENTRAT (MINUTES) (LITERS) (UO) (UG/CU.M-) (UG/CU.M 08 3 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 09 2 656 617 623 356 421 402 424 428 372 416 434 418 432 438 443 554.429 26.000 505.104 545.970 414.734 447.250 447.022 509.373 599.167 * 454.290 557.586 491.224 46.000 < 3.00Q < 3*009 < 5.000 < 3.000 < 5.000 100.000 < 5.000 < 5.000 9.000 460.664 373,154 < 5.000 17.000 552.284 379.965 8.000 < 5.000 31 46.893 91.070 < 5.495 < 7*234 < 11.179 < 11.185 < 9.816 166.899 < 11.006 < 8.967 18.322 < 10.854 45.558 14.485 < 13.159 46.895 91.070 < 2.747 < 3.617 < 5.390 < 3.593 < 4.908 166.899 < 5.503 < 4.484 1 18.322 < 5.427 45.558 14.485 < 6.580 jj REAGENT LEAD SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION 0113 0373 0533 0613 0873 1 1i 1003 i 1343 ! 1263 1423 1843 2073 rn o 2573 u> o ~> 2653 2733 0453 PIPEFITTER (FURNACE AREA) MACHINIST B-l FURNACE OPERATOR 3RD FLOOR OPERATOR ELECTRICIAN > OUTSIDE MACHINIST (FURNACE AREA) ALLOY CHARGE POT OPERATOR OUTSIDE MACHINIST (FURNACE AREA) OUTSIDE MACHINIST (1ST FLOOR ALLOY) FURNACE SWINGMAN 2ND FLOOR OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER TRAINEE ELECTRICIAN TEL OFFICE TABLE' A-7 (cont) SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TWA CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (UG) (UG/CU.M.) (UG/CU.M.) 10 , 1 10 1 10 1 10 1 16 1 10 1 10 1 10 1 10 1 10 1 1 10 1 10 1 10 1 10 1 434 437 399 406 459 433 396 435 435 383 418 440 442 439 370 547.240 5.000 546.684 503.108 7.000 7.000 528.058 555.977 507.288 < 5.000 12.000 < 5.000 495.394 28.000 444.848 11.000 565.777 7.000 498.144 543.666 524.226 579.270 553.545 517.971 10.000 7.000 6.000 < 5.000 < 5.000 < 5.000 9.137 12.804 13.914 < 9.469 21.584 < 9.856 56.521 24.728 12.372 20.075 12.876 11.445 < 8.632 < 9.033 < 9.653 9.137 12.804 13.914 < 4.734 21.584 < 4.928 56.521 24.728 12.372 i 20.075 12.876 11.445 < 4.316 < 4.516 if* REAGENT LEAD SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION 1503 1683 2153 5163 CHAHGE ROOM (CONTAMINATED SIDE) CHANGE ROON (CLEAN SIDE) IH OFFICE 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR / TABLE A- 7 (cont) SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, T* DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TWA CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (UG) (UG/CU.M.) (UG/CU.M.) 10 / 1 363 400.050 < 5.000 < 12.498 < 4.827 < 6.249 10 1 360 439.635 < 5.000 < 11.373 10 1 08 1 394 354 457.685 474.484 < 5.000 < 3.000 < 10.925 < 6.323 < 5.687 < 5.462 < 3.161 m r> W o X 33 1` i j,, REAGENT ETHYLENE DIBROMIDE SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA. TX ' SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION 8071 8151 7421 7681 7603 7523 7341 7001 8571 8311 7501 7761 7841 7283 7443 7363 7181 BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR MLA OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR i BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER TRAINEE EDB EDC 2ND FLOOR BLENDING 3RD FLOOR BLENDING 1ST FLOOR BLENDING 2ND FLOOR BLENDING 3RD FLOOR BLENDING 1ST FLOOR BLENDING END FLOOR BLENDING DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TWA CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (MG) (MG/CU.M.) (MG/CU.I 08 08 1 1 08 3 08 3 09 2 09 2 10 1 10 1 08 1 . 08 1 08 3 08 3 08 3 09 2 09 2 09 2 10 1 297 333 387 374 396 370 440, 441 337 333 395 400 386 406 ' 409 397 432 60.373 32.055 77.021 `80.518 68.368 73.364 115.601 92.341 40.533 90.766 81.153 71.866 68.973 89.608 91.837 93.469 . 77.017 < 0.010 < 0.166 < 0.010 < 0.312 < 0.010 ' i. 0.130 < 0.010 . < 0.124 < 0.010 < 0.146 < 0.010 < 0.136 < 0.010 < 0.087 < 0.010 < 0.108 < 0.010 < 0.247 < 0.010 < 0.110 < 0.010 < 0.123 < 0.010 < 0.139 < 0.010 < 0.145 < 0.010 < 0.112 < 0.010 < 0.109 < . 0.010 < 0.107 < 0.010 < 0.130 < 0.083 < 0.156 < 0.065 < 0.062 < 0.073 < 0.068 < 0.043 < 0.054 < 0.123 < 0.055 < 0.062 < 0.070 < 0.072 < 0.056 < 0.054 < 0.053 EC 3 0 9 9 i i I IREAGENT ETHYLENE DIDROMIDE j SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION i 1 ! 6871 3RD FLOOR BLENDING 7261 1ST FLOOR BLENDING DATE 10 10 TABLE A- 8. (cont) SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TWA CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (MG) (MG/CU.M.) (MG/CU.M.) < 0.065 1 430 88.972 < 0.010 < 0.112 < 0.056 I . 441 102.099 < 0.010 < 0.098 < 0.049 / ni O W t-1 O O 35 m- REAGENT i i i SAMPLE NUMBER ETHYLENE DICHLORIDE JOB TITLE/LOCATION DATE TABLETM 9 SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX I SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TWA CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (MG) (MG/CU.M.) (MG/CU.M.) 8071 8151 7921 7681 7603 7323 7391 7001 . 8571 8311 7501 7761 "H O U) 7283 o M 7993 7363 7181 BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR MLA OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR i BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER OPERATOR BLENDER TRAINEE EDB EDC 2ND FLOOR BLENDING 3RD FLOOR BLENDING 1ST FLOOR BLENDING 2ND FLOOR BLENDING 3RD FLOOR BLENDING 1ST FLOOR BLENDING 2ND FLOOR BLENDING 08 1 297 08 1 333 08 3 387 08 3 379 09 2 396 09 2 370 10 1 . 990 10 1 991 08 1 337 08 1 333 08 3 395 08 3 900 08 3 386 09 2 906 09 2 909 09 2 397 10 1 932 60.373 < 0.010 32.055 77.021 < 0.010 < 0.010 '80.518 < 0.010 68.368 < 0.010 73.369 < 0.010 115.601 < 0.010 92.391 < 0.010 90.533 < 0.010 90.766 < 0.010 81.153 < 0.010 71.866 . < 0.010 <8.973 < 0.010 89.608 < 0.010 91.837 < 0.010 93.969 < 0.010 77.017 < 0.010 < 0.166 < 0.312 < 0.130 < 0.124 < 0.146 < 0.136 < 0.087 < 0.108 < 0.247 < . 0.110 < 0.123 < 0.139 < 0.145 < 0.112 < 0.109 < 0.107 < 0.130 < 0.083 < 0.156 < 0.065 < 0.062 < 0.073 < 0.068 < 0.043 < 0.054 < 0.123 < 0.055 < 0.062 < 0.070 < 0.072 < 0.056 < 0.054 < 0.053 it I i ii %r \ s t jjj REAGENT ETHYLENE DXCHLORIDE ^^9 (cone) TABLE SUMMARY OF SAMPLES TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX *1 ' SAMPLE NUMBER JOB title/location <871 7261 3RD FLOOR BLENDING 1ST FLOOR BLENDING DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TWA CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (MO) (MG/CU.M.) (MG/CU.M.) 10 / 1 430 88.972 < 0.010 < 0.112 < 0.065 < 0.056 IP 1 441 102.099 < 0.010 < 0.098 0.049 EC 3 1 0 2 37 EC 3 1 0 3 REAGENT ETHYL CHLORIDE SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION _ 6462 6542 6622 6702 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 4TII FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 0362 0442 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 4TH FLOOR OPERATOR 6042 6122 6202 6382 B-8 B-8 B-8 B-8 i 6882 7012 7272 7352 B-9 B-9 B-9 B-9 5572. 5652 5732 5812 B-4 B-4 B-4 B-4 5072 5152 5232 5312 B-13 B-13 B-13 B-13 2722 3032 2802 3112 B-9 B-9 B-9 B-9 3372 3532 3452 3612 B-6 B-6 B-6 B-6 3872 4002 4182 B-2 B-2 B-2 TABLE A- IQ SUMMARY OF SAMPLE^ TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX DATE SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL~RESULTs"cONCENTRATION TUACONCENTRATIOli (MINUTES) (LITERS) (MG) (MG/CU.M.) 08 08 . 1 08 08 1 1 1 1 10 1 10 1 t 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 OB 1 08 1 08 1 08 08 08 08 1 1 1 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 1 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 08 3 128 128 213 213 415 415 201 201 153 153 200 200 151 151 200 200 156 156 200 200 147 147 243 161 243 161 240 162 240 162 236 236 163 26.141 26.141 43.626 43.626 62.412 . 62.412 42.330 42.330 28.896 28.896 34.693 34.693 25.520 25.520 30.543 30.543 24.936 24.936 41.722 41.722 30.706 30.706 56.137 36.067 56.137 36.407 47.769 31.363 47.769 31.363 28.779 28.779 . 4.357 < 0,010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 0.020 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 0.050 0.030 < 0.010 < 0.010 0.020 0.020 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 C 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.383 < 0.229 0.321 < 0.236 < 0.346 ! < o'288 < 0.392 < 0.327 < 0.40i < 4 < 0.240 0.326 0.891 0.832 0.419 0.638 < 0.347 < 2.295 < 0.287 0.321 < 0.284 < 0.333 < 0.359 < 0.276 0.867 0.507 38 l REAGENT ETHYL CHLORIDE TABLE A-10 (cont) SUMMARY OF 5AMPLE5*TAKEN ON APRIL 8-10,1980 ETHYL CORPORATION PASADENA, TX >' SAMPLE NUMBER JOB TITLE/LOCATION 4262 B-2 4342 4502 4422 4682 B-5 B-5 B-5 B-5 0522 0782 0602 B-8 B-8 B-8 1172 1332 1252 1412 B-12 B-12 B-12 B-12 , / 2062 - 1832 B-4 B-4 2142 2562 2222 2642 * 8431 8731 8651 8731 . B-3 B-3 B-3 B-3 B-7 B-7 B-7 B-7 DATE 08 08 08 08 08 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 09 .10 10 10 10 SHIFT SAMPLE TIME SAMPLE VOLUME ANALYTICAL RESULTS CONCENTRATION TWA CONCENTRATION (MINUTES) (LITERS) (MG) (MG/CU.M.) (MG/CU.M.) 3 163 4.357 < 0.010 < 1.143 3 238 3 162 3 238 3 162 2 225 2 190 2 225 61.422 42.964 61.422 42.964 .59.856 48.707 59.856 0.020 0.020 < 0.010 < 0.010 0.020 0.010 < 0.010 0.326 0.466 0.334 0.205 0.383 0.275 2 225 2 188 2 225 2 188 2 223 2 223 2 223 2 194 2 223 2 194 1 418 1 418 1 418 1 418 45.828 37.874 45.828 37.874 44.656 44.656 37.675 35.114 37.675 35.114 88.287 88.922 88.287 88.922 0.020 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 oiozo < 0.010 0.010 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 0.030 0.030 < 0.010 < 0.010 0.436 0.264 0.448 * 0.265 0.285 0.340 0.337 0.358 0.448 *' 0.274 0.340 0.337 - 8811 0022 B-15 B-15 10 1 10 1 417 417 84.903 84.903 0.040 < 0.010 0.471 i 0.471.. 0102 0282 B-l B-l 10 1 10 1 418 418 58.51? 58.$19 0.030 < 0.010 * Each sample consisted of two charcoal tubes In series. Since the analytical results of all back-up tubes were below the limit of detection, they were deleted from the TWA calculations. 0.513 \ 0.513 1 ii I i 39 EC 3 1 0 4