Document 4qpwGodeOB3NG0aKBeLEnGvN

FILE NAME: Asten Hill (AH) DATE: 1952 DOC#: AH006 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Unpublished Report GENERAL AS3ES70S k RU33LB DIVISION G? hAYHESTOS-iiAKHATTAIJ, IKC. CZ B Y - RALPH B . S k IT II ek"" ^ ' Fans- From practically the beginning it v.ss proven, to us, that the Type "E" Standard Industrial Fan v:as best suited to handle our dust. These fans are equipped with the "Long Shaving" Standard Paddle Type Wheels in preference to the "hulti-Vane" Type, This conclusion was drawn from the fact that the "Long Shaving" Yv'heel is self-cleaning whereas the "kulti-Vane" Wheel had a tendency to clog up, since the fans handle the dust laden air directly. Y.'e use several size fans, but the average has an inlet and out let diameter of 23". The wheel diameter being 40" and running approximately 850 h.P.L. with static pressures of 3.0" Inlet and 1.5" Outlet. The speed cf our dust laden air in our main pipes is from 3,000 ft. per min. for the Card Boom to 4,000 ft. per min. for the Preparation Department. All of our fans are located in the departments in which they are serving. Therefore we consider our systems as "Push Type", since, tve are actually pushing cur dust laden air into the col lecting equipment. DUST COLLECTORS- Cur experience with dust collecting dates bach some 55 years and a lot of this time it has been sad. The first half cf this time was spent trying to make Cyclone Type Col lectors work- This! type vres effective in collecting the dust,, but the top outlet would discharge very fine particles of dust to the atmosphere. This would create a problem to the Plant Property and adjoining community. Y/ith this problem, much time was spent in the following sequence: 1- A fine water spray was placed cn top of the collectors (there were 8 large ones involved approximately 1 4 ft. in dia meter) trying to wet the discharged air and make the dust set tle cut. This did not prove too practical because of the mess and expense involved. 2- The collectors were discontinues. Ail of the fan discharge pipes were connected into one large duct. This duct ?;as run into a room ana the dust laden air discharged through an atmosphere of steam and water. This also involved a mess and was discontinued, 3- , The discharge was left piped into one large duct, ^inserted in to tunnels that were constructed of burlap. "Worked very well, however was not the final answer yet, amount of air was too great for the amount of burlap. but was This as the PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT SF 8i8,8 AHD 0 0 0 2 72 2 4 - ` ft ties next decided to expand on the idee of the burlap covered tunnels. To do this, a Sheet kctal Euilding was cong-^j-^j^ted 60 ft. wide x 160 ft. long x 22 fu. high. Into this building nine burlap tunnels were built. These tunnels were 1=0 ft. long and bached up to an existing brick "building having IS00 sc. ft- floor area and ceiling height of 26ft. This brick building as used as a Settling Chamber with the dust laden air entering directly into it. This air then passed through holes in the brick wall into the 9 burlap tunnels and filtered out through the pores in the burlap. This arrangement would leave the longer heavier fibers in the Settling Chamber, with the rest dropping cut through the entire length cf the nine tunnels and collecting on the inside of the burlap. This system 7/ould require a crew of 7 men from midnight to six o'clock in the morning every day "Beating Down" the burlap and entering each tunnel to shovel up the dust and fibers from the floor. This system was costly tc clean ana also subjected the cleaners to dusty working conditions. 5- In January 1953 we discontinued the above described dust tunnels ana began operating our two new collecting units pur chased from American YJheelabrator <1 Equipment Corporation. This Installation was accomplished by removing 4 cf our bur lap tunnels from the above Sheet metal Building. These 4 tun nels occupied a space of approximately 20 ft. x 160 ft. long. In this area we erected our tv/o V.'heelabratcr Units-. One unit was purchased to handle our Preparation Department Air and the other to handle the Card Boom Air. Both of these units are on the discharge end of the fans, the same as the burlap covered tunnels were. These two units are as follows: PREPAKATIOIv DEPAKTjuEjNT: Handles all dust laden air from this department. It is 15 feet wide x 35 feet long x 22 feet high. Has 736 Cotton Sateen Dustubes 8" diameter x 133" long. Han dles 56,200 c.f.m. of air with a ratio of 3.21 .per sq. ft. of cloth. Has a total cloth area cf 16,928 sq. ft., with an average static pressure at the unit cf 1.50" v;.G. before shak ing ana 1.10" v.-.G. after shaking- CAuD HOOm: Handles all dust laden sir from the cards in this department. This unit is 15 feet wide x 56 feet long x 22 feet high. Has 1152 Cotton Sateen Dustubes 8" diameter x 138" long. Handles 93,055 c.f.m. of air with a ratio of 3-50 c.f.m. per so.- ft. of cloth. Has a total cloth area of 25,496 sq. ft., with an average static pressure at the unit of 2..00" YJ.G. before shaking and 1.00" Y.:.G. after shaking. These dustubes are supported from the top by automatic shakers a n d 'on the bottom are inserted in cell plates. Directly under these cell plates are two hoppers with a Screw Conveyor mounted in the bottom of each hopper.. The dust laden air enters into the side of the hoppers, where the longer fibers fall directly out cf the air stream into the Screw Conveyor and are conveyed AHD 0 0 0 2 7 2 3 out 'Hie-dust regains in the air stream and is carried up irto the dustubes. As the air escapes through the cloth tubes, the dust is deposited on the inside. At the end of 3 hours for the Preparation Unit and 16 hours for the Card hcom Unit the fans a-e stopped and the shaker motors turned on. This shaking of*the tubes causes the accumulated dust and dirt to * bre'k loose and drop into the Screr: Conveyors. This residue is then conveyed out for disposal. This system produces 'cttg s=>cerate grades of dust. One that is falling all day long and the other that is conveyed out during the 15 minute shaking cycle. The entire operation is conducted in a must free atmosphere norr and "filth only 4 men. ftOTE: The above described involves only the Preparation Department and Card Room. Y:e have a ideissler bag type collector for cur Brake Bank Department, a large burlap screen house for the T'eave Boom, a* Cyclone type collector for our Y.lnding Depart ment, a V.'et Boto-Clone and Pangborn collector for our Rubber Department. Prom this, it can be realized that v;e have a large investment in dust collecting equipment.. AHD 0 0 0 2 7 2 4 i_ ' 7 - 7>-as next decided to expand cn tne icea of the burlap covered tunnels To do tills , .jhcc. ;^cuil building was con"* s_?.u ,,t"d 5 0 ft. tfide x 160 ft. long x .22 ft. high. Into this bu^ld^ng nine burlap tunnels were built. These funnels -were ~,=.n fz`. long and bached ut to an existing brick building having 1900 sc. ft., floor area and ceiling height of 25ft. This brick building was used as a Settling Chamber with the* dust laden air entering directly into it. This air then passed through holes In the brick wall into the 9 burlap tunnels and filtered out through the tores in the burlap. This arrangement would leave the longer heavier fibers in the Settling Chambei, with the rest dropping cut through the entire length cf tne nine tunnels and collecting cn the inside of the burlap. This system would require a crew of 7 men iron midnight to six o 'clock in the meriting every day "Beating Down" the burlap and entering each tunnel to shovel up.the dust and fibers fron the floor. This system was costly to clean and also subjected the cleaners to dusty working conditions. 5- In January 1953 we discontinued the above described dust tunnels and began operating our two new collecting 'units pur chased from American Yibeelabratcr <9 Equipment Corporation. This Installation v;as accomplished by removing 4 cf our bur lap tunnels from the above Sheet ioetal Building. These 4 tun nels occupied a space of approximately 20 ft. x 160 ft. long. Lh this area we erected our tv/o Y.'heelaerator Units-. One unit was purchased to handle our Preparation Department Air and the other to handle the Card Boom Air. Both of these units are cn the discharge ana of the fans, the same as the burlap covered tunnels were. These two units are as follows: PEE ?AnATI OIv D E F A H T H jvT : Handles all dust laden air frem this department. It is 15 feet wide x 55 feet long x 22 feat high. Has 735 Cotton Sateen Dustubes 3" diameter x 133" long. Han dles 55,200 c.f.n. cf air with a ratio of 3.21 per s g . ft. cf cloth. Has a total cloth area of 15,923 sc. ft., with an average static pressure at the unit cf 1.60" V;.G. befere shak ing and 1.10" v,.G . after shaking. CAr.D n O C u : Handles all dust laden air from the cards in this c s 7iEL-''Tlees r i'z This unit is 15 feet wide x 55 feet long x 22 feet high. Has 1152 Cotton Seteen Dus tubes 6" diameter x 153" long. Handles 93,055 c.f.n. c*f air with a ratio cf 3.50 c.f.n. per so. ft. cf. cloth. Has a total cloth area of 25,496 so. ft., with an average static pressure at the unit of 2..C0" .g . before shaking and 1.00" v;.G. after shaking. These custubes are supported from the top by automatic shakers a n d 'on the bottom are inserted in ceil plates. Directly under these cell plates are two hoppers with a Screw Conveyor mounted ir. the bottom cf each hopper- The dust laden air enters into side cf the hoppers, where the longer fibers fail directly cut cf the air stream into the Sc:rew Conveyor and are conveyed AllO 0002 7 2 1 ) 4- It was next decided to expand on m e idea cf the burlap covered tunnels. To do this, a Sheet ^ctal Building was con structed 60 it. wide x 160 ft. long, x 22 ft.' high. Into this building nine burlap tunnels were built. Tness tunnels were 150 ft. long and backed up to an existing brici: building having 1900 sc. ft., floor p.rea and ceiling height of 25ft. This brick building was used as a Settling Chamber with the dust laden air entering directly into it. This air then passed through holes in the brick well into the 9 burlap tunnels and filtered out through the pores in the burlap. This arrangement would leave the longer heavier fibers in the Settling Chamber, with the rest dropping cut through the entire length of tne nine tunnels and collecting on the inside of the burlap. This system would require a crew of 7 men from midnight to six o'clock in the morning every dey "Beating Down" the burlap and entering each tunnel to shovel up the dust and fibers from the floor. This system was costly tc clean ana also subjected the cleaners to dusty working conditions. 5- In January 1955 we discontinued the above described dust tunnels and began operating our two new collecting units pur chased from American Yhieelabrator & Equipment Corporation. This installation was accomplished by removing 4 cf our bur lap tunnels from the above Sheet ieetal building. These 4 tun nels occupied a space of approximately 20 ft. x 160 ft. long. Ih this area we erected our tv;o Y.'heelabratcr Units. One unit was purchased to handle our Preparation Department Air and the other to handle the Card Boom Air. Both cf these units are on the discharge end of the fans, the same as the burlap covered tunnels were. These two units are as follows: FEZ? AnAT IOli DEFAhT^TNT: Handles all dust laden air from this department. It is 15 feet wide A 55 feet leng x 22 feet high, Has 735 Cot ton Sateen Dustubes 3" diameter x 153" long. Han- dies 56,200 c.f.m. cf air with a ratio of 5.21-per sq. ft. of cloth. Ha5 a total cloth area cf 15,925 sc. ft.,.with an average sta tic pressure at tne u n it cf 1.60" v;.G . before shaking ana 1.10" 7.-.G. after shaking. Ckh0 hOOi: Handles all dust laden air from the cards in 'this denartment. This unit is 15 feet v id e x 55 ieei long x 22 feet himh. Has 1152 Cotton Sateen Bustubes 5" diameter x 158" long. Hanhies 95.055 c.f.m. of air with a ratio cf 5.50 c.f.m . ter so.. ft. of. cloth. Has a total cloth area cf 26,455 sq. f`t., with an average svatic oressure at the unit of 2.00" Yf G. bef ore shaking and 1.00" Y.:.G. after shaking. These dustubes are supported from the top by automatic shakers and"on the bottom are inserted in cell plates. Directly under these cell plates are two hoppers with a Screw Conveyor mounted in the bottom of each hopper- The dust laden air enters into tne side cf the hoppers, where the longer fibers fall directly out cf the air stream into the Screw Conveyor and are conveyed Mil) 0 0 0 2 7 2 R oncluslon cf a factory physician free X-hay Reports of workers in& l sbestos :manufacturing, plant v:hich is not r/orking at the present cime. The x-rey exam of 68 employees, male and female, of the plant shows interesting facts cn the frequency of ashestosis and the x-ray clinical findings of this Turkmens' disease. For the purpose of utmost accuracy, I have excluded from these 85 employees 6 who have not worked permanently in the manu facturing depts.; boilermem, masons, carpenters, etc. Among the 80 workers, 15 have asbestesis to a more or less marked degree, i.e., IS.7^ that are subdivided as follows: 1* Accordine to Age 15 to 20 yrs 20 to 25 yrs 25 to 30 yrs 30 to 35 yrs 55 to 40 yrs -40 to 45 yrs 45 to 50 yrs. -50 to 50 yrs. 60 to 70 yrs 70 c: over 2 workers 3 II 7 II 11 II 13 1 12 II 14 II 14 11 3 II 1 11 0 asbestosis 0 it .0 11 1 *1 3 n 1 it 5 n 4 11 1 ii 0 ii Acc ord ine to Seniority 0 to 5 yrs 5 to 10 yrs 10 to 15 yrs 15 to 20 yrs 20 to 50 yrs 30 cc over 8 workers 21 II 20 ll 13 II 16 il 2 ll 0- asbestosis 1 11 4.7g 3 ll 15 ' % "3 tl 23 % 7 it 43. 7jt 1 II 50 / 3. According to Departments 6 v.-savers 2 Braiders 1 Caneteuse (?) 5 Spinners 1 Carder There were five men i 10 women out of a total of 34 men and 4 6_ women. r The most interesting statistics refer to the seniority of the worker. The number of asbestosis cases increases wita seniority- AHD 0002727  " The figures that I have found are comparable with the statistic published in the paper "Asbestos" of the 1 `Encyclopedic ledicoChlrurgicele fascicule No 6018 C.10 paper of Prof. Luton and Dr. Chanieix of the medical Scbcol in Ciernont-rerrand and published in 1951. The statistics in this paper and due to two Englishmen published in 1930: 0 to 4 yrs. of presence 5 to ?9 " 1 n 10 to 14 " 11 ti 15 to 19 " 1 M 20 k ever It it 0# asbestosis 23# II 32# 11 53# n 80# n These figures refer to 550 workers. In addition to these 15 cases of asbestosis, I have found with some workers unusual shadows of the lung which are subdivided as follows: Lung T3 in an early stage with a worker 49 yrs. old and em ployed for 32 yrs. There is a little cavity on the top of the left lung.. The lungs of this man do not show any shadows that would indicate asbestosis. With 13 others, a minimum effect of cancer (d*inoculation) incurred during childhood or from pleurisy had no adverse affects cn the general physical condition. I have not found among these workers x-rays which would indicate an associa tion of asbestosis and T3. Asbestosis is a frequent workmens' disease hitting 18.7# of a group of 60 workers. It is an unusual disease. The x-rays are quite unusual and different from other diseases which are caused by'dust (coal-5: silicoses) or by infection of diversified microbes* It seems to me that the disease hits exclusively the lower inner section of the pulmonary bases mainly at the right side (the right inner bronchi is the direct prolongment of the trachea). At this time an enlargement of the normal broncho vascular shadow is characteristic. They are light, small, very fine (criss-cross) and at times look like masses of star-like formations. The most inner part of the diaphragmatic dome at the right side becomes soft. Then, one perceives on the cliches showing the lungs more seriously affected, these shadows gain more in space and in tensity End oc cupy the inner middle half of the lungs as well as the upper half and the tops. These shadows have, at this moment, an unusual shape like splintered glass whose fragments are Increasingly lying closer together. At this stage, one notes an immobilization of the diaphragm and an increase in the shape of the heart. At this time, I want to stress one particular angle in the x-ray technique. The x-rays should be preferably taken when the patient breathes in. It JTs-necessary that the photographic paper be 60" x 72" for the purpose of greater clarity. rluoroscopes do not catch the very supply shadov/s and it is of utmost importance to diagnose this disease at an early stage. in 0002723 ,rSystems tic x-ray examination is the only v/ay to determine the beginning of asbestosis; asbestosis being a very insidious disease rrhich for years does not cause any functional troubles ana doed not respond to stethoscopic examination. EXAMPLE : Viorker A. ' 45 yrs. old, employed 22 yrs., has never had a disease of the lungs Viorker B. 52 yrs. old, employed 23 yrs., has never had a disease of the lungs. V.'orker C. 34 yrs. old, employed IS yrs., has never had a disease of the lung. Viorker D. 40 yrs. old, employed 11 yrs., has never had a disease .of the lung. The first symptoms of this disease is the dyspnea showing up under strain and increasing slowly. As soon as the worker has difficulty breathing, it is normal that the aggravation advances faster. .Nasal respiration becomes insufficient at certain times. The worker, has to breathe through the nose and mouth at times; the air is not filtered by the nasal passages- The dust particles penetrate in greater numbers to the base of the small bronchi and to the avelia of.the lungs and furthermore, these patients become more susceptible to infections of the larynx, the-"trachea and the bronchi. The disease takes an insidious beginning, requiring 10 to 15 yrs. to become evident. It can only be diagnosed by means of systematically x-raying workers who have worked 10 yrs in the asbestos plant. - * The use of a dust mask or a respirator should reduce the feeauency of asbestosis to a considerable extent. . * i Another point that needs stressing; physical condition at the hiring date ana close examination of the breathing through the nose. February 13, 1952 J .- Tesniere S.A. Franaise du Ferodo 64 Avene de la Grande Armee Paris, France AH1) 0 0 0 2 7 2 9