Document 4ayG8znL41qOY676g76dYMoqN

FILE NAME Industrial Hygiene Foundation IHF DATE 1955 Nov DOC IHF063 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION Conference Proceedings | 2: ce : INDUSTRIAL ~ i: A HYGIENE FOUNDATION 20 30 ENGINEERING CONFERENCECONFERENCE 303030 | Wednesday November 16 1955 Mellon Institute MORNING SESSION 9:30 A.M. Conference Room Chairman WESLEY C. HEMEON Engineering Director Industrial Hygiene Foundation Work in Excessively Hot Environments . LUCIEN BROUHA M.D. Head Physiology Division Haskell Laboratory for Toxicology and Industrial Medicine E. 1. du Pont de Nemours & Company Inc. 4. Measurement and Personal Protection . . . .. . PAUL MICHAEL PH.D. Research Physicist Mine Appliances Company HERMAN | Safety in the Use of Radioisotopes CEMBER GraduateGraduate School of Public Health University of Pittsburgh - 4 AFTERNOON SESSION 2:00 P.M. Conference Room JOINT CONFERENCE | Engineering - Legal Program on Page 7 6 _ JOINTENGINEERING -LEGAL | Wednesday November 16 1955 . Mellon Institute Conference Room 2:00 P.M. | : _ . Chairman THEODORE C.WATERS > Miles & Stockbridge Baltimore Md < Chairman Legal Committee of HF ENGINE RINGENGINEERING AND LEGAL ASPECTS OOF F MANAGEMENT'S RESPONSIBILITY FOR HAZARDS *, CONTROL OF INDUSTRIAL | A Panel Discussion : DORSETT Moderator J. DEWEY General Manager oS . Association of Casualty and Surety Companies ae . Participants . _ ve H. GLENN GARDINER M.D. + Medical Director . . Inland Steel Company =-.: T. GRESH Services Shoe Assistant Director Department of Personnel American Brake 5 Company Foundation WESLEY L. HEMEON ' Engineering Director a Industrial Hygiene a HUGH M. JACKSON CorporationProgram Manager Industrial Health " Johns Manville * B. E. KUECHLE Vice President and Claim Manager ne * Employers Mutual Liability Insurance Company JEROME POLLACK - Program Consultant Social Security Department International Union UAW JAMES J. REID South Carolina Industrial Commission Cagaeteuenipie Gantt Copyright 1956 Foundation Hygiene Industrial Hygiene of America Inc. TWENTIETH ANNUAL MEETING INDUSTRIAL HYGIENE FOUNDATION OF AMERICA HELD AT MELLON INSTITUTE PITTSBURGH PA NOVEMBER 16 and 17 1955 TRANSACTIONS OF The General Meeting AND The Conferences | 4 _Medical Toxicological -Joint Medical and Toxicological Legal -Engineering -Joint Engineering and Lega Printed in U.S.A. : HIGHLIGHTS OF THE PROPOSED MODEL studying workmen's compensation legislation At this conference there was drafted a Uniform Workmen's Compensation Law WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION LAW ARTHUR LARSON LL.D. Under Secretary United States Department of Labor In a few days we shall distribute to workmen's compensation experts throughout the country for criticism and suggestions our discussion draft of the proposed model workmen's compensation I may be mistaken but so far as I know there has never from that time until today been put together a document which dared to call itself a model workmen's compensation law The theory of this present undertaking is not that anyone is wise write enough to an exemplary act but that the various States through ingenuity and error over the years have in experience effect written such an act if we can only find it It lies in the best provisions of the best acts and almost every State has something to contribute law ie The discussion draft was prepared by a committee of six with- It was just about a year ago in Orlando Florida that I an- a in in the Department of Labor under the chairmanship of the Under nounced the initiation of this venture and adumbrated some of the Secretary Mr. Paul Gurske Director of the Bureau of Labor Stand- possible features of a model law And when I accepted the invitation _ was able to contribute the experience of one who very recently ards to speak at this meeting it was in the hope that this could be the a State program Mr. McElroy brought the research and sta- dtiisrteiccatled occasion for unveiling some of the more interesting and controversial background of his experience in the Bureau of Labor Statis- items in the draft tics where among other things he has a special expertise in work Background of the Project When someone asks why the Department of Labor of the Federal Government is taking such an interest in a field that is predominantly one of State legislation it is appropriate to recall that this is in line injuries statistics and reporting Mr. Driscoll who heads our admin- - istration of the Longshoremen's and Harbor Workers Act has had years of contact with an act which is comparable in substance and procedure to State acts Mr. Ward Boote Assistant Solicitor of Labor has had a long association with both the legislative and litiga- tion aspects of the two Federal aets and has spent countless hours on with a tradition that goes back 62 years the drafting as well as the substantive problems of this act and Mr. . - The beginning of the workmen's compensation movement in this Bruce Greene of the Bureau of Labor Standards has borne the main burden country can be traced to the Fourth Special Report in 1893 of the utilizing working Commissioner of Labor who was of course the lineal ancestor of our present Department of Labor The Commissioner John Graham FE Brooks published a detailed analysis of the German system which of building up the draft and carrying the project forward his specialized knowledge based on many years of with States on improvement of their compensation laws We all realized that this was a almost arrogant F had been introduced by Bismarck in 1884. This report antedated by four years even the first British Act which was passed in 1897 The Commissioner's report aroused widespread interest among the States and a number of Commissions were set up to study possi- taking taking That is one reason I announced it in Orlando since I figured that once a public commitment had been made we would have to go through with it There were many times during the year when there flashed through my mind those stirring lines ble State legislation The first commission was that of Massachusetts in 1904 followed by Illinois in 1907 Connecticut in 1908 New York ie in 1909 and a number of others in 1910 It is significant so far as Federal interest is concerned that the Somebody said it couldn't be done With a smile he went right to it He tackled the thing that couldn't be done And couldn't do it first compensation act to survive in this country was the Act passed by Congress in 1908 covering certain Federal employees For today's purposes the most interesting moment in this early story occurred in 1910 when a conference took place in Chicago attended by representatives of all the State and Federal commissions Well it isn't done yet but with your help we think that before too long it will be We decided that it would be impractical to con- with various interested groups during this initial drafting stage sult con- since there are literally thousands of people who have a right to 76 _ 77 i i 7. Cataracts have been studied in more detail In general there has been a delay in onset of from 2 to 60 days folwhether the result of a single large dose lowing exposure RECENT OBSERVATIONS ON CHRONIC PULMONARY BERYLLIUM DISEASE or repeated smaller doses G. W. H. SCHEPERS M.D. D.Sc. 8. While these effects have been observed qualitatively good Director Saranac Laboratory and Trudeau Foundation quantitative data are lacking particularly in regard to already become so firmly entrenched in power The concept berylliosis has audacious to challenge its It to be fairly obvious that animals can be injured by appears electromagnetic spectrumi the medical literature that it may seem validity The results obtained from research recently conducted at thoef the called microwave segment of the affected Further Saranac Laboratory,,impels one however to reconsider the criteria There is no such evidence that humans are similarly and is being done The important problems are re- this disease and more particularly those pertaining to its chronic This research has also brought to light certain interest- work is indicated limits of exposure ; lated to measurement and evaluation of exposure manifestations of the pulmonary derange- and power continuing studies of humans ing aspects of the fundamental pathology as related to frequency hazard is indicated the question of methods ments provoked by various compounds of beryllium known to be exposed If a must be investigated In the meantime it is strongly radar The observations to be briefly presented in this review, of the sub- studies of protection from suggested that exposure to microwaves particularly Some ject are based on the following should be avoided Eye protection is particularly importantfor this a a systematic histological and chemical review of ' studies are now being made of use of special screen glasses 31 of the 58 lung specimens constituting the Saranac wit but there are many problems involved in their use collection assembled since 1943 and on which purpose this brief discussion will stimulate sufficient in- It is hoped that will be found which will Laboratory material remained in the Laboratory for detailed study; from the terest in this whole subject so that answers problem or if it is a problem to b a review of the material and results obtained series of experiments conducted in the permit either dismissing it as no medical controlling it establish the engineering and comprehensive Saranac Laboratory with beryllium compounds since 1943 Table 1 ( c ) personally conducted range experiments on the bio- logical action of a variety of beryllium compounds acknowledgement being hereby made to the Damon Runyon Fund American Cancer Society Atomic Energy Commission and the Office of Naval Research for generous assistance in connection with this work Table 2 ; d a detailed study of the pulmonary material from a current series of nine beryllium pulmonary disease cases acknowledgement is made for the assistance of physicians who cooperated in furnishing the lung biopsy or autopsy specimens; e a broad investigation of the potential role of beryllium in the genesis of pulmonary diseases not usually associated with the problem of berylliosis sarcoidosis anthracosis asbestosis siderosis and silicosis to O. J. Dobrogorski M.D T. M. Durkan M.E A. B. 1. Acknowledgement is made Creedon of the Saranac Laboratory for their Delahant M. Roberts M.E. and F. technical assistance in connection with these programs 139 138] masterorealoy Wals beryl ax of 175 Alveoar coper- 4 coper of employeFigure an Bielchovskyberyliumfrom . Reticulos and biopsy Difuse Lung alloy ore alloy alloy beryl Wals beryl x mastera 175 3Aolvefoar ofxriodmecoperMal-ory ColagensiFigure beryliumberyliumDecasd to and extracionDifuse Exposure plant Exposure Exposure Exposure capacity to cause chronic disease Many of these substances certainly are inert with respect to certain animal species Table 1 Such generalizations may fortify those who have been claiming immunity for certain beryllium industries It is necessary to confirm therefore that our Saranac Laboratory cases include indisputable examples of the chronic disease from employees of virtually every major industry in the country which has handled beryllium compounds Thus we have cases from industries primarily concerned with the extraction of beryllium from ore and the manufacturing of beryl- lium copper master alloys cases from brass foundries ceramic and electrical industries; and even a case arising in an atomic pile worker The fluorescent tube industry has yielded the largest number of cases Lung Cancer Caused by Beryllium Compounds One of the more spectacular results we have recently obtained with our studies on beryllium concerns the production of lung cancer This discovery was presaged by Doctor Gardner's original demonstra- tion that fluorescent tube powder zinc beryllium manganese silicate induced bone sarcoma in rabbits and guinea pigs on intravenous in- jection It has now been possible to show that this same substance causes squamous cell carcinomatosis in rats Figure 8 That it is the beryllium in the compound mixture which constitutes the pul- monary carcinogen has been confirmed with repeated success with beryllium sulphate Figure 9 All the common varieties of car- cinoma have already been produced and the yield of tumors is high after a relatively prolonged induction period Table 4 Figures 10 : and 11 SO Though frequently multifocal in origin the tumors are truly malignant metastasize and would eventually kill the victims if left un- disturbed The normal control rats have never been observed to yield similar pulmonary tumors Not only have we succeeded in trans- planting such tumors to subcutaneous tissues of other rats but we have succeeded in retransplanting such growth subcutaneously into other rats now even to the fifth successive generation.Even trans- planted tumors have retained their capacity to metastasize We have conducted studies on the possible carcinogenesis of the beryllium with quartz iron and asbestos dust The latter study is still in prog- ress but the earlier studies showed that the presence of either quartz or iron in the lungs of animals exposed to the beryllium sulphate transplants 3. Acknowledgement is made to Dr. O. J. Dobrogorski and Mr. A. B. Delahant of the Saranac Laboratory for their assistance in the program of tumor 151 ;; WORKMEN'S COMPENSATION Companies CompaniesHackbert Companies Surety Surety Harlan LEGISLATIVE REVIEW 1955 ANDREW KALMYKOW Assistant Manager Casualty Department Association of Casualty & Surety Companies Surety and Dr. and s Casualty Company E Casualty 3 E Casualty Company Company Company Motor Oil 5 Association 7 As ociation 3 : Association Asociation Zimerman Hill Zimerman Zimmerman : | Zimmerman : James Kalmykow KalmykowWiliam Kalmykow Wiliam a Wriightlliam ; Andrew - Andrew 3 Stockbridge Stockbridge Rehabilitation Rehabilitation Rehabilitation ~ Rehabilitation Rehabilitation 2 speakers Miles y for Attorney Confernce Institute Waters Atorney Institute This has been a busy year I am not now speaking of our own individual activities which I am sure justify the use of this phrase I have in mind rather the activities of the various State Legislatures This being an numbered year regular sessions were held in 48 jurisdictions No regular sessions were held in Kentucky Mississippi and Virginia There were in addition special sessions in 14 states As usual workmen's compensation received a great deal of attention In observing the subject matter of legislation over the years I doubt that any other laws consistently receive throughout the country so much legislative attention It is probably fortunate that only a comparatively small portion of this volume actually gets enacted into law . Even at that numerically the volume is substantial It would be well beyond the reasonable length of a paper such as this to discuss such amendments in any degree of detail I am going to limit my remarks therefore primarily to the more important occu- pational disease enactments I am appending however a complete list of such occupational disease legislation for convenient reference I will also touch briefly upon a few of the more important work- men's men's compensation compensation changes whwhiichch have been adopted There have been no new laws providing compensation for occu- i | pational diseases where prepvrioeusvliyously no such compensation was paidpaid Neither : Neither Wyoming Wyoming nor Mississippi have enacted such laws These are | the last two remaining States which do not provide some form of \ compensation for such diseases While Montana does not have a regu- lar compensation act for occupational diseases it provides a public pension for persons suffering from this disease This year an attempt was made to have industry in that State retroactively pay the cost of such benefits However this was not enacted Other legislation which would have provided compensation for occupational diseases generally also failed of enactment IInnstsitutteitute Conference Theodre Chicago Legal Theodore Kessler ; Compromise of Viewpoints in Wisconsin ; a One of the most interesting laws passed this year and one which is likely to have considerable effect in other states is that relating to loss of hearing in Wisconsin This is the first of such laws designed 177 for standards and techniques It should assist in It should provide the know In short it ssheotutilndg purpovciodnetrtohles theory of control so to speak but the duties of application must ever remain with management the plant There are many many communities where the nuisance due to dust fall of relatively coarse particles depositing by gravity on surfaces is the nuisance of importance and yet we find ourselves uni- The moment management fastens on the notion either or unconsciously that because insurance is in the picturecointsciisounsolty responsible that is that its responsibility has shifted to the carrier the battle of control is 50 per cent lost ELvMAe,ite Should the carrier accept such an untenable position it will be oats required to attempt the frequently impossible task of seeking action from persons not within its control and even though the employees ser of management are sympathetic and cooperative the carrier cannot from a cost standpoint provide the constant attention and supervision eS IMO which such a controlled program requires versally allowing almost any untrained person to rate the relative importance of emissions in terms of how much fumes or smoke or dust appears to be coming out of the chimney Our progress is going to be very seriously impaired unless we modify that viewpoint MODERATOR DORSETT Mr. Jackson MR JACKSON There are many engineering approaches to dust collection There are many problems in determining what is the right method of dust collection for a given situation particularly when you think in the terms of the types of dust with which we are confronted A micron is 125 thousandths of an inch and it is not at all MR JACKSON I would NE unusual to find industrial dust in terms of hundredths of a micron management's responsibility concur entirely with Mr. Daily It is IBEEM When we visualize that we have particles that size to contend with AMR we realize that the matter of dust control and dust collection is no MODERATOR DORSETT This question is addressed to Mr. Hemeon and Mr. Jackson Are there any important new ing developments respecting dust collection for engineer- nuisances What procedure should be followed abvyoiadicnogmapiarnpyolilnuttihoen selection of the most suitable dust " collector Mr. Hemeon MR HEMEON In the sense of discovery of a new such as electrostatic precipitation and the like no there aprreinnciopnlee I do however want to emphasize a point which seems to me to be frequently overlooked We have in existence now for adequate equipment controlling any dust air pollution problems that exist The prob- lems are economic problems More particularly I think it unfortunate that there is such a general lack of interest in attempts to measure and to rate the relative importance of different emissions in a com- munity Since the air pollution problem is such a vast it is logical to adopt the philosophy of first things first one most seek methods and and therefore to procedures to define what requires primary at- tention first what is second and so on REAA longer a job that can be turned over to the plant tinsmith All of the OE engineering skills knowledge of all of the most recent developments in collection equipment design are needed to insure adequate control ED The control of dust and other air pollutants is a job for an expert If you do not have a qualified staff of your own make sure that the consulting organization has had ample and successful experience MODERATOR DORSETT Let's take up the next question What is the responsibility of the manufacturer to the industrial con- sumer in identifying the toxic constituent or potential of the duct That is addressed to Mr. Jackson and Mr. Gresh pro- MR JACKSON I think the manufacturer has a very definite responsibility to identify to his industrial consumer the constituents of his products Insofar as our own industrial health program is con- NILE, cerned I have found little difficulty in obtaining such information AP In general manufacturers permit an exchange of data quite adequate a to enable the consumer to properly control whatever exposures might HN be potentially harmful Foundation's There is an additional point of importance One prime illustra- tion of what to me is a fundamental error in consideration of air pollution due to particulate matter is one that I paper I gave at one of the emphasized in the and a point which I would like meetings a few years ago to reemphasize now and that is this The almost universal tendency to rate emissions from stacks on the basis of what they look like to the man on the street as he and not only that but to the walks by engineer in the plant as he walks through [ 272 : MR GRESH I go along with that with perhaps a few additional remarks and that is that if the manufacturer and I believe this is required by the Manufacturing Chemists Association who have expensive and elaborate labeling codes puts on a label the very hazard of the chemical or the toxic degree of material what it contains and what the antidote might be he has to a large degree satisfied the requirements of industry or management I know within our own company our medical department has [ 273 SPECIAL SUBSCRIBERS UNITED UNITED GOVERNMENT OF HEALTH CITY DEPARTMENTS DEPARTMENTS DEPARTMENTS DEPARTMENTS HEALTH HEALTH Baltimore Aviation Armed AAF Randolph Randolph Aviation Army Industrial Field Army Maryland Industrial 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Navy. Navy Brooklyn Navy Navy Charleston Charleston Navy Mare Island Navy Pearl Harbor Navy Navy Yard Pa Navy Navy Yard Philadelphia Navy Navy PortsmouthPoProtrstmsmoouutthh Navy Navy Francisco Navy Pedro Francisco Navy Vallejo California Navy Navy Yard u Office Industrial Industrial Relations Office Other Relations Navy Yard, Agencies Tennessee Tennessee Other Other Federal Agencies Civil Service Commission U.S. Dept. Library U.S. U.S. Public Service U.S, New Chicago Chicago San U.S. Public York Washington Sepp pte tee STATE STATE STATE DEPARTMENTS OF New Hampshire Connecticut Connecticut Ohio Georgia Idaho Oregon Oregon Perpusylvania Perpusylvani Perpusylvania Illinois Indiana Kansas Tennessee Utah Vermont Vermont ide Kentucky Virginia Maryland Washington Michigan West Missouri Missouri Wisconsin Washingtou Maryiand Agencies Agencies Jersey Jersey Labor State Library Fund Commission Comision Labor Ohio industrial of Latur Now York Deparrment Fand Now York State Tysurance New York Stare Library hie enduetrial Conminisst SPECIALISTS SPECIALISTS SPECIALISTS SPECIALISTS Hayhurst Mey. Mr. J. Belknap Dr. E. Hayhurst Dr. Dr. Elston Barry Edward E. Belknap Mr. J. Holden Johnstone Johnstone Dy, DDrr.. Charles Kenim Good Dr. R. Ty. Good Dr. Hedwig Kuhn ly Dr. W. Hannon Der. Dr. C. Sappington INSTITUTIONS AND OTHER ORGANIZATIONS ORGANIZATIONS American Association Asociation Industrial Nurses American Physicians Association Asociation Industrial Argonne Physicians Surgeons Carnegie National Laboratory Health Institute Library Pittsburgh Jefferson Jefferson Medical College UAW Johns Hopkins University New York Academy University New York University University Medicine Safety Safety Research University University California University University Colorado University University Rochester University of Texas ivepeily of Texas Fabrikstilsynets Fabrikstilsynets of Nordiska Bokhandeln Sweden Bureau National Pretoris Africa DepartmWelfeare nLtibrary Health and Africa Welfare , Halifax Scotia Scotia Ross F. Windish Edmonton Department Department Department Health Public Public Winnipeg Edynontouw Winnipeg Higiene Higiene Sao Paulo Brazil Faculdade Government Africa Africa Brazil Johannesburg Johanesburg South Department Wellington Zealand Labor Africa International Office Montreal Canada Medical Research London England Council Wales Cardiff Ministry Health Ministry Labour QuebecNational Service Service London Labour Eidanger Salpeterfabriker Salpeterfabriker Salpeterfabriker University of Sydney Australia Australia Norway , Workmen's Vancouver Compensation Board University of Sydney. Australia Workmen's Compensation Board, Vancouver, B.C < OFFICERS AND STAFF BOARD OF TRU STEES OFFICERS OFFICERS STASTFAFFFYork, NY. st, OFFICERS OFFICERS AND president, TRUSTEES : Wuashingtc < BOARD BOARD BOARD TRUSTEES TRUSTEES FLETCHER ANDREW Mxeuntive President President St. Joseph Company CN haie rmaw n N.Y. Secretary AHEARN AHEARN Secretary National Industrial Industrial Washingts Washingts WATERS General Counsel Mullikin Mullikin Waters Waters Md NOY. Stockbridge BATCHELLER Niagara President Allegheny H. LudlumBACorpToraTtionS Corporation Pittsburgh Pittsburgh Carborundum ARTHUR Chairman Carborundum Carborundum Company Niagara Falls N.Y. BROWN BROWN Secretary Johns VANDIVER . NED DDEEAARRBBOORRNNCDoEARBORrN pPorHa.tiDo.n PH.D. New Yor tlorenad Managing Director DORSETT Corneil DEWEY Casualty DORSETT Baxten, Mass. Association Association Casualty SC.D. Companies York, MOG, PHILIP DRINKER Now Health Health Boston School Public Harvard WILLIAM B. GIVEN New Y. ork American American Brake Company York 3 National A. C. HIRTH Ohio WH, Haig Glass Toledo Owens Haig Refractories A. HITCHINS Philadelphia Pa seu, Refractories Refractories Company View Pierddart, National Mutoal E. KUECHLE KUECHLE Company Wausau Medieand Pavector, A. Liability Liability Insurance Insurance 7 Associate Metropolitan Metropolitan Insurance Company York Preshient, Dien W. MCLAUGHLIN Life Company wo Vice Carbide Carbon MCLAUGHLIN York Corporation Prenton, JOHN MCMAHON Managing Hygiene Foundation io R. GEORGE MIXTER MIXTER Foundation Pittsburgh Vice President Refining Mining Boston Boston BEN BEN MOREELL Mining Company Chairman and President & Laughlin Laughlin CorM.pDo.ratCioonrporation Pitsburg R. R. SAYERS M.D. Medical Advisory Chairman TMW Welfare Welfare Retirement Fund M.D. Medical Consultaut SELBY M.D. W. Motors Corporation Kast THOMPSON THOMPSON Cempanys Generad Generad Manager Hall Treasurer P. YANT China Company Co . Safety SC.D. Company Research Research Development Development Development Appliances Director E. ZIMERMAN ZIMMERMAN Pit Steel Corporation ZIMMERMAN SC.D. SC.D. President President S. Wise EXECUTIVE STAFF Managing Managing Theodore McMahon McMahon . Richard Hutch Hutch C. Hemeon Walmer Brown Brown Brown Ph.D. James Morgan Ph.D. , Engineering MI.) Medica Engineering Bechemist 6 Research 6 0 0 Chemist 5 Harlow Chapman Chapman ss George Haines Jr. 6 George PF. Haines Tro. 6 Chemical 5 Chemical Chemical Chemical Haythorn Haythorn M.D. Kammer M.D. ALD. * Kutscher Kutscher M.D. MUD. a Howard Howard Marcy M.D. \ '. Hioward Marey, MOD. J