Document 4RmMp0pJdYx05EGJawRR9pee

462 LOUIS SCHWARTZ 'Mthese chemicals. Patch testing persons with sensitizing materials may Ibg means of sensitizing them. Moreover, applicants found by patch tests to.b,J|| tive, and therefore rejected, may have a legal claim against the compaifl having been given the skin eruption that otherwise they would not hayJi There is, however, some basis for patch testing with the common allergeiH cause so-called "atopic" dermatitis (house dust, flour, etc.) to discoveiS individuals, although careful history-taking can bring out the fact of whe^ffi person is or is not "atopic." Careful note should be made of the sites of acne vulgaris lesions oiS cants for work in occupations in which they are to be exposed to suoh'fq tional acne producers as the solid chlorohydrocarbons, cutting oils, heavy;:iS distillates, crude petroleum, and lubricants derived from it. .fjfflj The presence of active mycotic infections on the feet and other parbsS body should be noted. If the applicants are otherwise employable, the furigll fections should be treated while they are working, and the parts affected shorn properly protected from the action of occupational irritants. If there are e|pl shower baths in the factory, care should be taken to prevent the spread ofjf#! infections of the feet. This can be done by providing each worker withi.wS soled bathing slippers, and he should be instructed to wear these when'igora the shower bath, while he is under the shower, and when coming from- ityiT^ii sufficient to have antiseptic solutions in troughs into which the workers'!! quired to step after they have taken their showers, because walking'-barra from the troughs to the lockers allows plenty of opportunity.J.ar-them-tb.pi'l^m spread the infection. The workers should also be instructed to dry the'-t||J|| oughly and spread powder between their toes before putting on their st'ocKn The fungi do not grow in dry media. There are many powders on the m~w||||f this purpose, and most of them contain some antiseptic, such as oxygeri^iilj? form of perborates and peroxides, and other fungicidal chemicals. ' ' V Applicants who havedry skins should not be placed on jobs where tlfcyjm immerse their hands in fluids that defat the skin, such as strong soupn aljj solvents, or solutions of industrial skin irritants. ' ilw B. VENTILATION Efficient ventilation is of great value in protecting thejmm.U>.y.eeaf; trial'skin irritants, (for discussion of ventilation, see Chapter X). C. PROTECTIVE CLOTHING f;, v , Properly designed protective clothing is of great value in the: pm entij occupationaL-der-matitiSr-Glosely-woven-cotton-fabrics-thatrarerTnoV^OTTlP^' pervious to dust are frequently used to protect workers from such iirrirantyiiTsJ sodium carbonate, calcium cyanamide, and others. To give efficient protec such fabrics must be frequently cleaned. Each worker should havewat'leasrsets of work clothes, so that he will have a clean set to wear while tfae-otmalmi OCCUPATIONAL DERMATOSES 463 t. - mGuLTO^Lt-.h.is been found best to have the management of the plant undertake such clothes because the worker himself is often loathe to spend ^'Sfti&ljupne plant where such was the practice, it was estimated that it cost MUmwaflojit:; ten cents per day to furnish daily clean work clothes for each materials, such as rubber, offer better protection against dusts ^Syo^t'il'ncs, and they also give protection against irritant liquids. Rubber JSjP^nJjns,-boots, and sleeves are impervious to water-soluble irritants. Rubber, Pf^-Foqnvdetcriorates when exposed to alkalies, petroleum distillates, or the K,lr|!ion sotats. For this reason it is rather expensive.to use in occupa^^nS^iie^i{?comes in contact with these chemicals. Synthetic rubbers, such as fflj?jn;|5iuua-N, and Buna-S, are more resistant to alkalies and oils than is ^^^u'lifSlHowever, workers often object to wearing rubber garments; some ^^i"ii/i\iibber causes them to perspire excessively, and some of them are jn rubber. qund that some of the synthetic resin films, such as Pliofilm (manu- &Surw^Ji^^iyear Tire & Rubber Co., Inc.), Koroseal (manufactured by The ___), and Yinylite (manuf*actured1 b' y U**nion C*arbt id1e 0 C/Ia_r_bt_o___n_ ||plii?|pyiou8 not only to dust and fumes, but also to strong acids, alkaaMpte-distillates.* These materials may be made into sleeves', aprons, IpiHs, and experimentally they have even been made into gloves, fr'atively cheap, are nonflammable, may be easily cleaned with soap -.^JI^nMiro translucent. This last property removes the psychologic effect )'Vnf-Mri`firie'd,i It Is true that these substances, like rubber, prevent'the circu^ofK^pn^.part's of the body that they enclose, but this can be overcome by Jj^cifdii'gjes in the upper parts of the sleeves and in the rear of the coveralls, jjfrplcs'are not likely to allow the entrance of irritants. We have found ^^ejn1ms;h.rso give good protection against vesicant gases. They can be made ^^jvmnsilSf6trength that, when worn as sleeves by machine operators, they i . ^by cogs before they can draw the arnrof'the worker into the ^ ^^^fkre affected by trichloroethylene and carbon-tetrachloride and, ^|ejjiiin?lhob^suitable for protection against these substatces. The 'polyvinyl ftbdfjt&'gainst trichloroethylene and carbon tetrachloride:-They are l^r^lurr^nSpiFdrfn'of gloves and called by the tfa^e name'ReiistbflexrTfie Ijg^mj^Slcpholfclare affected by water and, therefore, Resistoflex gloves**-''*------ -J-------------------------J-------------------------------o should IWpjg>,od to|iWThey may be cleaned with the volatile solvents. . SiWL'la'nr-ptiirnSl'nfillonhane can be plasticized with glycerin td"'fbftn'a pliable ^^^^^adHhto-pruteotivei'elothisrg^Th'ejcaireaiofiia'fEecteiltbymicidBL. Cellulose acetate films are water-insoluble and make suit- ^qtojt,gelling. |^^p.J^arren, and F. Goldman, V. S. Pub. Health Repts., 55, 1158- (1940). V