Document 4QaNX73oamx445vXr6VDxG8eN
Monsanto
CDfT*ox-y
Bob S imdstfjn Bsjlavera 63Si Louis. Missouri ICC
Ptter.t (314) B94-'000
V 15-
August 14, 1970 T>
Dear Sir:
You have received our letters of February 27, 1970 and
June 1, 1970 covering Monsanto's withdrawal of poly
chlorinated biphenyls (PCSs) from the market. The
February 27 letter reviewed some of the potential hazards
of PCBs and of environmental polution in general. The
June 1 letter announced that we were withdrawing all poly
chlorinated biphenyls used as plasticizers or modifiers
from the market, and that the last shipment of these
materials would be made August 30, 1970*
'
In as much as you may have some Inventory of these materials which you might be planning to use during the period in which you change over to other products, we felt it impera
tive to inform you of the latest information concerning PCBs.
It was recently brought to our attention that the Food and Drug Administration has apparently established guidelines
setting forth suggested maximum levels of PCEs allowacle in certain foods. These levels, as we understand them, are 5 parts per million in fish and 0.2 parts per million in milk. Monsanto, therefore, strongly recommends that
PCBs not be used in applications which could lead, either directly or indirectly, to the contamination of food and water supplies for humans or animals. Examples of appli cations which would seem particularly hazardous would be coatings for water treatment facilities, coatings for
food handling equipment, or coatings for such farm items as silos and feed hoppers.
TRAN 004921
WATER PCB-SD0000020281
-2-
It has recently come to our attention that PCBs have been found In cows milk. This adds emphasis to Monsanto's re commendation that PCEs not oe used In any application wr.ere they might come In contact with or otherwise contaminate food, silage, water supplies, etc.
The latest available bulletin on our line of Aroclors Is enclosed for your use. This puollcatlon replaces and supercedes bulletin O/PL-306 - Aroclor Plasticizers. The only products listed which will be sold after August 21, 1970 are 1) Aroclor 1221, a mor.ochlorinated biphenyl which is readily biodegradable, and 2) . Aroclors 5442 and 5-60, both chlorinated terphenyls which have not shown themselves to be environmental contaminants. Please pay special atten tion to the section cf this bulletin which relates to environmental hazards.
In addition to the products listed above which will remain on the market, Monsanto will sell a series of blends of Aroclor 1221 and Aroclor 5^60 which will replace the poly chlorinated biphenyls for many applications.
During this withdrawal of PCBs from the market, Monsanto has had In effect a modified returned goods policy stating that unopened containers less than one year old could oe returned for full credit through July 31, 1970. From August 1 through August 31, 1970, 90 percent credit would be allowed. Prom September 1 through December 31* 1970, 50 percent credit would be allowed. The customer will pay all return freight. All of the dates In the time schedule for this returned goods policy are hereby extended an additional two months.
Monsanto realizes that the removal of these products from the market has caused a great deal of concern and expense for our customers. This is certainly regrettable. However, it appears to us that as a responsible supplier, this is the only reasonable course of action. We stand ready to assist you as we can with your reformulation* work.
/dbw
Walter . Schalk Director of Sales Plasticizers
TRAN
004922
WATER PCB-SD0000020282
AROCLOR' PLASTICIZERS A series of inert, chemically resistant, fire retarding plasti cizers compatible with a wide variety of resins.
TRAN 004923 WATER PCB-SD0000020283
Table of Content
Properties as Plasticizers Key to Nomenclature Applications by Product Aroclor Markets Formulations:
Delayed Tack Adhesives Emulsion Adhesives Pressure Sensitive Adhesives Hot Melt Adhesives Polysulfide Sealants Chlorinated Rubber Coatings Acrylic Lacquer Physical Properties Toxicity and Safe Handling
2 3 6 8
10 11 13 15 17 18 19 2o 22
................ m"f** .................*
TRAN 004924
I....-...IB..
WATER PCB-SD0000020284
-2-
Properties as Plasticisers The Aroclor^ reslns/plastlclzcrs and their blends have an unusual combination of properties which make them extremely useful products. Their most important char acteristics are:
Low Cost Highly Compatible Chemically Stable Fire Retardant Excellent Adhesion Another very useful aspect of this product line is the fact that a continuous range of properties can be achieved by using combinations of the Aroclors and their blends. Some of the physical properties which can be controlled through product selection are shown on the following pages. Our Aroelor product line is now made up of polychlorinated terphenyls, monochlorlnated biphenyl, and blends of these products. None of these materials has been shov:n to create any environmental problems. On the other hand, Food and Drug Administration approval has not been obtained for any of these products. Accordingly, the Aroelor* plasticizers should not be used in connection with food or food-related products, with food wrapping or food container materials. Further, Monsanto strongly recommends that these products not be used in any other application such as non-FDA re gulated food systems, in potable water systems, in any .animal feeding systems, or in pharmaceuticals.
TRAN 00+925
WATER PCB-SD0000020285
-3-
Kcy to Nomenclature
.
5400 Series
These products are chlorinated terphenyls. The last two digits Indicate the chlorine content of the material, e.g., Aroclor^ 5-460 is a chlorinated terphenyl with 60 percent chlorine. Undistilled Aroclors'4' are available and are designated by a 5000 series vs. the 5400 series. They are somewhat higher in color but otherwise have product characteristics similar to the distilled products.
.
6000 Series
These products are blends of Aroclor^ 54 60 and Aroclor* 1221-3, a biodegradable monochlorlnated biphenyl. The last two digits are an Indication of the proportion of Aroclor5 5460 in the blend, e.g., Arcelor* 6c62 has more ArocloH* 5460 in it than does Aroclor^ 6050.
Miscellaneous Blends
Other product blends containing such other materials as Santlcizer 140 for improved fire retardancy, or toluene/ xylene for lower viscosities will also be made available
as the demand for these specialty products develops.
6
TRAN 004926 WATER PCB-SD0000020286
-4-
AROCLORS
Adhesion/Tack Hardness Flexibility Fire Retardance Volatility Chlorine Content Viscosity Density Permanence Compatibility
5**32 5^2 5^60 -------------------increasing------- ------- c* --------------- increasing----- ----------o----------decreasing-------------.. -- "-increasing ' -------decreasing------------------ ------- ----- increasing-------- ------cs*
increasing-------------------------- increasing---------------c* -------------------increasing-------------- C2* ------------decreasing-----------^
TRAN 004927 WATER PCB-SD0000020287
5-
AROCLOR BLENDS
6oko
6050
6062
6070
Adheslon/Tack ------------------- --increasing----------------
Hardness
------------ '---------increasing----------------
Flexibility
" --------- decreasing---------------
Fire Retardance -........ .......
increasing-------- -------
Volatility
----- ------------------- decreasing--------------
Chlorine Content
increasing------
Viscosity
---------------------- Increasing--------------
Density
..
increasing------------
Permanence
1 ' ..... lncreas ing----------------
Compatibility ........................ decreasing--------------
6090
4S
TRAN 004920 WATER PCB-SD0000020288
Applications by Product
Listed below are some of the applications where these products can be used:
Aroclor Blends
6040
Polyvinyl Acetate Emulsion Adhesives
SBR Adhesives
Miscellaneous applications where a high degree of flexibility Is required.
6050 6062
6070
Chlorinated Rubber and other Resin systems for Coatings.
Inks Polysulfide Sealants/Adhesives
e
Chlorinated Rubber Coatings and Adhesives
SBR Coatings and Adhesives
Miscellaneous applications where high chlorine content, high tacx, are required.
Inks
-
*
Polysulfide Adhesives
. Chlorinated Rubber Adhesives '
Miscellaneous applications where very high
chlorine content and very high tack are
required.
.-
6090
Radiation Curing Applications
TRAN 004929
WATER PCB-SD0000020289
-7
Aroclors 5^32
5442
5460
Polysulfide Sealants/Adhesives Chlorinated Rubber Coatings and Adhesives SBR Coatings and Adhesives
Surface Coatings
Hot Melt Adhesives, Surface Coatings
TRAN 004930 WATER PCB-SD0000020290
-8- . AROCLOR MARKETS
Aroclor Applications Adhesives
Delayed Tack Emulsion
Pressure Sensitive
Hot Melt
Polymers and/or Binders
Aroclor Recommended '
SBR, PVAc, PS
6090, 5460
PVAc, SBR, Acrylic-
1221-B, 6040, 605
VAc, Acrylic-ethylene
Natural Rubber, SBR, Cl Rubber
1221-B, 6062,
EVAc, PVB, Phenoxles, 5460, 5465, 5C50,
Polyamides
Montar 5
Sealants
Polysulfide, Nitrile Epoxy, Polyurethane
5460/S-261, HB-40, 6070, 5-5`
Caulking Compounds
Acrylics
5460, 6070
Surface Coatings Paints
Lacquers
PVAc, PVC, Nitriles, * 5460, 6062, 6:70 Styrene, Acrylics
Alkyd, Cl Rubber
5460, 6062, 6C70 . 6090
m
TRAN 004931
WATER PCB-SD0000020291
9
AROCLOR MARKETS (Continued)
Aroclor Apolicatlo is
Polymers and/or Binders
Surface Costings (Continued)
' Varnish
Polysulfide
Paper Costings
Ethyl Cellulose
Printing Inks
Nitrocellulose, Acrylic
Miscellaneous Lost Wax Casting
Wax
Impregnating Phenolic Resistors
Reoinox, PVC
Laminating Resins
Phenolic
Epoxy Resins
Epoxy
Aroclor RecommencUd
6070
6040, 6050
5460, 607<-i 6c 6090
5442, 546c, 546 . 5460, 6052
5460, 6070 6062, 6070
TRAN 004932 WATER PCB-SD0000020292
-10-
DELAYED TACK ADHESIVES
Total Market for Plasticizers: 3-^ Million Pounds/Year
Typical Fornulations:
Component
1. Dipheiyl Fhthalate
Cumar W 12
.
Lustrix 15 .
Parts by Weight
60.6 15.1 . 24.3
2. Vinso.l Resin
SantiJlzcr 1-H
Acrysol M. R.
Thinned amine dispersant
Thinned amine disoersant
Steric Acid Poly-pale Resin 2-amino-2-methyl-l-propanol
Water
50.0 50.0 10.0 250.0
i' 1 1. 3
Properties Desired: 1. Activation at specific temperature. 2. Remains tacky for specific time period. 3. Remains bonded over wide temperature range.
Current Recommendations:
1. Dicyclohexyl Phthalat'e - DCHP
2. Diphenyl Fhthalate
.
3* S&ntlclscr 1-H
.
4. Aroclor 5460 '
5 Aroclor 6090
TRAN 004933
WATER PCB-SD0000020293
-11-
EKULSION APHESIYSS
Total Market for Plasticizers: 35- 0 Million Pounds/Vear
Typical Foruulations:
Gelva S-55
Santicizcr 218-A
90
10
100
Oelva S-77
Aroclor 1221-B
90
10
100
Aircoflex UOO Aroclor 6050
95
TU6 '
0 ;lva TS-65 Santicizcr 885
Gslva TS-100 Aroclor 6040
' Gftlva TS-100 Aroclor 1221 Staybellte Ester 10 Butyl Acetate
Santomerse SX
9C
10
T5c;
9C 1C Tog
65
1C 15 10
0 TB37T
Properties Desired:
1. Controlled wet tack: in most cases, the shorter the wet tack time before the adhesive grabs, the better.
2. Open time of at least one minute: open time Is
the time during which two adhered substrates can
be adjusted after making contact.
.
3* Physical properties of adhesive film: the cohesive strength of the adhesive must be strong enough to hold the substrates together.
TRAN 004934 WATER PCB-SD0000020294
-12SMULSION ADHESU'ES (Continued) 4. Relatively high heat delamination temperature: this depends on the film forrdng polymers, the type and amount of plasticizer. 5. Qood resistance to water: prolonged immersion In water causes loss of adhct.ion by most emulsion adhesives at elevated temperatures.
TRAN 004935
WATER PCB-SD0000020295
-13-
PRESSURS SENSITIVE AD iESIVES
Total Market for Plasticizers: 30 Million Pounds/Year
Typical Formulations:
Component
1. Calerdercd into Fabric
Cellulose"Acetate Sar.ticizer 8 Sar tolite MHP
Parts by Weight
1 3 2
2. Hot Melt Type
Crepe Rubber
Polyisobutylene
Ester Cum
*
Santollte MHP
Aroclor 6070
Wax
.
. 15 15 20 20 30 10
Properties Desired: 1. Low volatility 2. Good heat stability 3. High flow/sprcr.dcbility at elevated temperatures 4. Good moisture resistance 5. Broad use temperature range
TRAN 004936
WATER PCB-SD0000020296
-14PRESSURE SENSITIVE ADHESIVES (Continued) Current Recommendations: .
1. Santlclzcr l6o
2. Santlclzcr 148 3. Aroclor 5460, 6040, 6070 4. Santcllte MHP
TRAN 004937 WATER PCB-SD0000020297
-15HOT MELT AD!IESTV1IS
Total Market for Plastlfier/Tackificr: 30-40 Million Pound:/Year
Typical Formulations: .
Component
1. Basic Formula
EVAs Aroslor 5460 Microcrystalllne Wax
Parts by Weight
30 40 30
2. Alkali Disocrsablc Bookbinilnt Adhesive
PVA 2 San;iclzer 160 Aroolor 5432 Nevellac Hard
Acrowax C Sodium Benzoate
40 8
26 24
1 0.75
Properties Desired: 1. Good heat stability 2. Sharp melting point 3. Satisfactory viccosity/tompcrature relationship 4. Bond flexibility 5. Adhesion *
TRAN 004938 WATER PCB-SD0000020298
-16-
HOT MELT ADHESIVES (Continued) Current Recommendations:
1. Aroclor 5^60, 5465 2. Aroclor 5060, Montar 5 3. SantJsizer loO, 141, 148 4* Santlcizer 8
TRAN 004939 WATER PCB-SD0000020299
-17-
POLYSULFIDE seal; NTS
Typical Formulation:
Thiokol LP-2
Lead dioxide paste
'
(50# Pb03, 45# S-160, 5# St. acid)
Plasticiser
100 15
Fillers such as SRF black, MT bli ck, Lithopone, Zinc Sulfide and York Whiting may be included in the 15 to
75 phr ringe.
Properties Desired:
'
1. Adhesions
2. Specific Rate of Cure
3. Specific Creep Characteristics
4. Shelf Stability
5. Pot Life
Current Recorr-cndatlcns
1. Santlclzer 261
2. HB-40 .
..
3 Blends of Aroclor 5460/S-26l (Santlclzer 326)
4. Aroclor 5460/S-160
5. Santlciscr 143
TRAN 004940
WATER PCB-SD0000020300
18CHLOHUiATZD RUSHER COATINGS
Typical Foimulatlon:
Parlon S~10
pon 828
Epichlorhydrin
Xylene Plastici::er
.
Ti02
Carbon E?ack
3tr 1 0.2
IOC
25 36.4
C .4 TlfUUTU
Properties Desired: 1. Water impermeability 2. Chemical resistance 3. Adhesion to substrate 4. Flexibility
Current Recommendations:
.
1. Aroclor 6c62 ' 2. Aroclor 5432 , '
3. Fhthalate ester (if not chcm. resistance reg. )
4. Aroclor 54oO/Santiciser 711 3/1 or 4/1
TRAN 004941
WATER PCB-SD0000020301
-19ACRYLIC LACQUER
Typical Population: Lucitc 6)11 or 6012 1/2 sec. cellulose acetate butyrate Plasticiser
250 (~100 solid:) 0 to 40
20 to 40
Properties Desired:
'.
1* Good adhesion
'
2. Superior pigment wetting
3. Resistance to water and dilute alkalis
4. Excellent weatherability
5. Good abrasion resistance
6. Toughness over a broad temperature range
7 Low volatility of the plasticizer
Current Recommendations:
1. Santlsizer 26l 2. Aroelor 6062 3. Aroelor 5442 4. Santicizcr 140 5* Santicizer 160
TRAM 004942 WATER PCB-SD0000020302
i
i i i TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OP AROCLORS AND AROCLOR BLENDS
Property
Aroclor
. 1221-B
Appearance
Clear, mobile
oil
AROCLORS
Aroclor Aroclor
5432
5442
Clear, yellow
viscous liquid
Clear, yellow sticky resin
Aroclor 5460
Clear, yellow to amber brittle resin or flakes
_____ Aroclor
6040
Clear, light yellow mobile oil
AROCLOR BLENDS
Aroclor Aroclor Aroclor
6050
6062
6070
Aroclor 6090
Clear, light yellow
mobile oil
Clear, yellow
viscous liquid
Light
Light
yellow
yellow
sticky resin
resin '
Color, Maximum
100 APHA* 2 NPA* 2 NPA* 2 NPA*
2 NPA*
(Molten) (Molten) (Molten)
2 NPA*
2 NPA*
2 NPA*
2 NPA*
Specific Gravity
1.125 - 1.260* - 1.470
1.140
1.300
(25y %
(257. y (907. % 25s C)
15-5* C) 15.5s C)
I.67O
(2s5ssyc)%
1.326* - 1.344* - 1.407* - 1.425* -
1.346
1.357
1.427
1.440
(257. % (657. % (657
(907. ,
15.5s c) 15.5s c) 15.5s C) 15.5s c)
Acidity,
0.01<*
Maximum
(Mg KOH/Om),
i
Moisture ppm Maximum
-
Refractive Index
cr 2, * c
-
6 -
.05* .05*
-
1.6 >8 1. ujO
1.659 -
1.662
1.660 1.665
0.035*
250*
1.6334
035*
250*
I.6390
0.035*
.035*
.035*
250*
1.6463
250*
1.6507
'I
1 I.050J `
WATER PCB-SD0000020303
TRAN 004943
TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF AROCLORS AND AROCLOR BLENDS
Property
Aroclor 1221-B
Viscosity , 38 . (ASTM D-B8) (100 P
sus)
Plash Point * P Minimum
(Cleveland Open Cup)
260
AROCLORS
Aroclor Aroclor
5432
5442
50-60 (210 P SUS)
300-400 (210* P
SUS)
*
470* p 477
Aroclor 5460 *
None to Bolling
Aroclor 6040
AROCLOR BLENDS
Aroclor Aroclor Aroclor
6050
6062
6070
106-146* 110-125* 54-64*
(100* F (130* F (210* F
SUS)
SUS)
SUS)
82-102*
(210* P SUS)
Aroclor 6090
--
260 260 260 260 340
Plre Point 280 660 p >662 None to 300 310 320 325 550
* P Minimus
Bolling
(Cleveland
Oped Cup)
Softening Point * C
9
X
- 46-52* 98-105.5* . - - - - 64-70*
Monsanto Specification
I
TRAN 0 0 *9 4 4
WATER PCB-SD0000020304
-22-
Toxlcltv and Safe Handling
Inhalation
At ordinary temperatures, the Aroclor chlorinated poly phenyls have not presented Industrial toxicological pro blems. The hazard of potential toxic exposure varies with their volatility: the lower-chlorinated, more volatile ones present more of a potential problem from the standpoint of both Inhalation and skin contact. When Aroclor plasticizers are used at elevated tempera tures, engineering controls must be applied, either by the use of closed systems or by effective local-exhaust ventilation together with general workroom exhaust.
Vapor of the liquid Aroclor plasticizers at room tempera ture should not be breathed In a confined space, and no vapor of any Aroclor evolved at elevated temperatures should be allowed to be dispersed into the general work room.
Skin Contact
Continuous or repeated skin contact with the Aroclor
'plasticizers must be avoided by the use of gloves and
. protective garments, because of the possible occurrence
of a condition called chloracne. Although reports of
this condition caused by Aroclor are rare, it can be
produced by excessive skin contact. If any Aroclor Is
spilled on the skin, the skin should be washed in the
usual manner with a soap solution.
,,
A burn caused by contact with a hot Aroclor should be
treated like any ordinary turn. Aroclor plasticizer
adhering to the burned area need not be removed immed
iately, unless treatment of the burn demands It, in
wnich case either soap and water or repeated washings
with a vegetable oil are recommended.
*
TRAN 004945
WATER PCB-SD0000020305
DISTRICT SALES OFFICES All DIVISIONS
ATLANTA GEORGIA 30326 Lems Ttwets isst 3400 Pttehtrtt Rd.N. -- Suit 1711 7eL (4041 577-2260
BOSTON. MASSACHUSETTS 02149 Svetett Sutton Tel (St 7) 3S7-S010
CHICAGO. ILLINOIS 3158 Dei Pteines Are. Dot Plainer. tUinoit COOli TtL (3121 295-CSSS
A ddttienit District Offiete trt maintained by:
Agricultural Division
MAINS. LOUISIANA 70070 P.O. Beam TU (S04) 714.(21)
MEMPHIS. TCNNISSCE Kill 107S Sm4i Oiiti
yjb. mldni
TU. (SOI) WIWtRNI j.sui
CINCINNATI. OHIO 45206
1501 Medittn Pud TtL (513) 751-6707
'
CLEVELAND. OHIO 44122 3645 WentneviUe Centos Rd. TtL (21$) SSI-5460
. DETROIT. MICHIGAN 48235
5W Nttthiend lowers test TtL (313) 357-0910
HONOLULU. HAWAII 96812
205 Potills Interneibnet Btdj.
$77 Alt Mesne
P. O. Bo* 3824
Tel. (08) 512 744
HOUSTON. TEXAS 77002 1300 Mein Street
TtL (713) Copilot 3-4011
LOS ANGELES. CALIFORNIA 90022 6870 E. flotilt* SL
TtL (213) 723-2492
MINNEAPOLIS. MINNESOTA 55402 12 Herthiter Center 110 S.-SeventH SL Tel ($12) 339-4651
NEW YORK. NEW YORK 10017
277 Peek Avenue ' TtL (212)922-4111
Textllos Division
AKRON. OHIO SOI) MlOWnlWsul SL TtL (111) 134-7*41
ATLANTA. GEORGIA 3030)
ARtMt UiiiMm Mifl
S40 Nllimi SL. N. W. TU (404) *27.33(0
CHARLOm. NORTH CAROLINA 2120} WtcRovit Im OuMrnf ITS Wttl Titt SL TU (204) 374-1671
tNCLtwooo ciirrs. n. j. otssi ssi rnuMi Av. TU (301)t(l-21SI
NEW YORK. NI.V YORK 3SO fRR Am. TU (201) Sti.ll00
Hydrocarbons & Polymers Division-Uen Oil
tL OORABO. ARKANSAS 71720 Uen U SuilCin# TU (SOI) Uum7-)111
PITTSBURGH. PENNSYLVANIA 15222 He. 4 Getewey Center Bldg. Room 534 TtL (413) 281-2156
ST. LOUIS. MISSOURI 63166 BOOH, Lindbergh Bled. TtL (314) Oeftrd 4-1000
SAN FRANCISCO BAY AREA 2710 Ltfertttt, Sente Clere. Celif. 95052 TtL (40S) 243-0414
SEATTLE. Y.'ASH/NGTON 98104 911 Wtttem Avenue Tel (205) Main 2 4203
SPRINGFIELD. MASSACHUSETTS 01101 730 Wetttater Ave. TU (413) 783-8911
WILMINGTON. DCLAV.'ARE 19903 2005 Cteretrd P.te. fait/e*
. . TU (02) Olympia $-8531
JACKSON. MISSISSIPPI 7I20S P. 0. Sot 10)37 WatlltnO Subtn TU (SOI) 3*3-3(41
UTTLt ROCK. ARKANSAS 72303 ISIS Writ Stvtnui Sl TU (SOI) frtnun 6.243?
MEMPHIS. TENNESSEE 30113 1023 Kintwi Oiim P. 0.0m 1)241 TU (SOI) WMcMI 7-31 SI
Organic Chemicals Division (Rubber Industry)
AKRON, OHIO 44311
120 <e*m Spin
P. 0. Oat 2307 TU (US) HtflMeck 4.1*11
MON- SANTO. . 600 v ff.
LINDBERGH .w
BLVD..
ST.
LOUIS. &
MISSOURI
63166
*
TRAN 004946
WATER PCB-SD0000020306