Document 4Jxb0r82R3mzBE8owa8yEJeOx

11320 RULES AND REGULATIONS , S 1910.93 Air contaminant*. Tmi O-t-Hmuu Dim Milnn Mppcl U|W Hlh-.i: Ci>*1tUinP: <ju.iru irwplrabli*).............. 390' 10mj/\P - Qimi li (total iluM) KKOH-9 *SIOr+i 90mtAI> CTL-loluUIr: Vrr M Ihf TalitrcalrulMnl from (ho uwit or bub formulae for quarts* TrMynittr Utr VS Ihr Toluo rukulalnl from Ihc for mulae fori)uaru. AiiM|ihiin*t Including natural diaiimuicvous carlb............... tiSIOi+2 (i!W(td (Wflhnii \ri cry*- luUlit*' Alfca.............................................................................2.n-JO Ttik.......................................... ;<) Vnrttantl commit.................... to firufiltit* titalonil).................... 13 (Nut tlurt <r*|ilrablc fraction k* than 5% SlOj)............................. ......... >'ur ituiff iliati t':i PiO;....................... or IOmk'M1 iim rt at Nuisance T>u.<l: Its^iinthk* fraction............... Tola! ............................. It fttng/M* ftu UutgM* Nn : rtiiivwloti laflou- n | |ri.tXW 3"Uilllion fiurtirto prrccMc part feint pvrc.c. i Million* <*f pnrticli* pi*r cuUc for.: of air. un simplt-fi cniliitrtHiy licht-fi^w! trchnU*. 1 The percentage of crystalline silica In the formula t> the amount rieierniined from air-h-tri:* snupi'->. #mt{i| fit I Inter liiyltunn* In which other i;;*tlw*U luvo lii*!i shnwu to It* nppJfothlf. * As thurmlintl ii^* the uifmhnine niter uivIIhhI at 43*' X |4i:isc contrast magnification. a- li.illi conc^iiinttitsn ami percent nturlr for t!i<* App'iiiitititi of thL'* limit un* io hr *l.*i**rmitni| {ruin tl- (rudioii prusiut a irv*b*lvlur wuU tin* foSiuu'in^ rktracteiMurtf: A*-rKlyii:itt:lo diameter tunit th nsUj qdtere) 2. ft 3. ft 5.0 lu l'crrirraKt'tluusrhing *> 7M5 25 a '1 It. i:tM<urem*nls UUfler lit Is note refer !o tlic use ef un AKt' iuMriimt-iiL. II tltr r*-*piraMr fraction o! cum iii-t i* determined with a MKK th.fu:uircnr7e|Hm<lint: !> II; .f J.4 Mg. At1 in Itic luUU* for coal dust is 4.5 Alt 51** 2. A new S 1910.93a is added to Part 1910. reading as follows: { 1910.93a Ai*l>los. (a) Definitions. Tor the purpose of this section. tl> "Asbestos" includes chrysotilc. amosite, crocidolite. tremolite, anthophyllite. and actinolite. 2 > "Asbestos fibers" means asbestos fibers longer than S micrometers. <b> Permissible exposure to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers--(1) Siandard effective July 7. 1972. The 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers to which any employee may be exposed .shall not exceed five fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air. as determined by the method pre scribed in paragraph <e) of this section. 2i Standard effective July 1. 1976. Tlic 8-hour time-weighted average air borne concentrations of asbestos fibers to which any employee may be exposed hall not exceed two fibers, longer than 6 micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air. as determined by the method pre scribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (3) Ceiling concentration. No em ployee shall be exposed at any time to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers in excess of 10 fibers, longer than S micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air. as determined by the method pre scribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (c> Method* 0/ compliance--(1) En gineering methodi. (1) Engineering controts. Engineering controls, such as, but not limited to. Isolation, enclosure, ex haust ventilation, and dust collection, shall be used to meet the exposure limits prescribed In paragraph (b> of this section. <U) Local exhaust ventilation, (a) Local exhaust ventilation and dust col lection systems shall be designed, con structed. installed, and maintained in accordance with the American National Standard Fundamentals Governing the Design and Operation of'Local Exhaust Systems. ANSI Z9.2-1971, which is in corporated by reference herein. <b> See f 1910.6 concerning the avail ability of ANSI Z9.2-1971. and the maintenance of a historic file in connec tion therewith. The address of the Amer ican National Standards Institute is given in 11910.100. (lil) Particular tools. All hand-op erated and power-operated tools which may produce or release asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits pre scribed in paragraph ib> of this section, such as. but not limited to. saws, scorers, abrasive wheels, and drills, shall be pro vided with local exhaust ventilation sys tems in accordance with subdivision <ii> of this subparagraph. <2> Work practices--<i> Wet methods. Insofar as practicable, asbestos shall be handled, mixed, applied, removed, cut, scored, or otherwise worked in a wet state sufficient to prevent the emission of airborne fibers in excess of the ex posure limits prescribed in paragraph lb) of this section, unless the usefulness of the product would be diminished thereby. (ii) Particular products and opera tions. No asbestos cement, mortar, coat ing. grout, plaster, or similar material containing asbestos sliall be removed from bags, cartons, or other containers in which they are shipped, without being either wetted, or enclosed, or ventilated so as to prevent effectively the release of airborne asbestos fibers in excess of the limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. till) Spraying, demolition, or removal. Employees engaged in the spraying of asbestos, the removal.^or demolition of pipes, structures, or equipment covered or insulated with asbestos, and in the removal or demolition of asbestos in sulation or coverings shall be provided with respiratory equipment in accord ance with paragraph (d> (2) (iii) of this section and with special clothing in ac cordance with paragraph <d) (3) of this section. <d> Personal protective equipment-- (1) Compliance with the exposure limits prescribed by paragraph (b) of this sec tion may not be achieved by the use of respirators or shift rotation of em ployees, except: (1) During the time period necessary to install the engineering controls and to Institute the work practices required by paragraph <c> of this section; fU> Ih work situations In which the methods prescribed in paragraph (c) of this section are either technically not feasible or feasible to an extent insuffi cient to reduce the airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers below the limits prescribed by paragraph <b) of this section; or (iii) La emergencies. (lv) Where both respirators and per sonnel rotation are allowed by subdivi sions (1). (ii>, or (lil) of this subpara graph. and both are practicable, person nel rotation shall be preferred and used. (2) Where a respirator is permitted by subparagraph (1) of this paragraph, it shall be selected from among those ap proved by the Bureau of Mines. Depart ment of the Interior, or the National In stitute for Occupational Safety and Health. Department of Health, Educa tion. and Welfare, und-r the provisions of 30 CFR Part II (37 PJt. 6244. Mar. 25. 1972), and shall be used in accordance with subdivisions M>. 'ii), (iii), and (iv) of this subparagraph. <i> Afr pttrifv`nq resp'rators. A reusa ble or single u*e air rurifving respirator, or a respirator described In subdivision <ii) or (iii i of this subparagraph, shall be used to reduce the concentrations of airborne asbestos fibers In the respirator below ihc exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b> of this section, when the ceiling or the 8-hour time-weighted averacc airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers arq reasonable' expected to exceed no more than 10 time; those limits. HI) Powered air purifying respirators. A full facepiece powered air purifying respirator, or a powered air purifying respirator, or a respirator described in subdivision (iii) of this subparagraph, shall be used to reduce the concentra tions of airborne asbestos fibers in the respirator below the exposure limits pre scribed in paragraph <b> of this section, when the ceiling or the 8-hour timeweighted average concentrations of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed 10 times, but not 100 times, those limits. (iii) Type "C" supplied-air respirators, continuous flow or pressure-demand class. A type "C" continuous flow or pres sure-demand. supplied-air respirator shall be used to reduce the concentra tions of airborne asbestos fibers in the respirator below the exposure limits pre scribed in paragraph (b) of this section, when the ceiling or the 8-hour timeweighted average airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed 100 times those limits. (iv) Establishment of c respirator pro gram. (a) The employer shall establish a respirator procram in accordance with FEDERAL REGISTER, VOL 27. NO. 10--WEDNESDAY, JUNE 7, 1972 LAM022774 <r PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT c 002141 MON-2514 . 31:8S04 REFERENCE FILE Table Z-2 > (c)Methods of compliance--(1) En gineering methods, (i) Engineering con Acceptable maximum peak above trols. Engineering controls, such as, but Material 8-bu time weighted average Acceptable the acceptable ceiling concentre* celling tion for ant-hour shut. concentration --............... ...... - - Conceatretion Maximum duration not limited to, isolation, enclosure, ex haust ventilation, and dust collection, shall be used to meet the exposure limits prescribed In paragraph (b) of this Bei'sone (Z3T.4-1969).................................... 10 p.pjn...............26 p.pjn.............. 50 p.pjn.....__ 10 minutes. Beryllium and beryllium compound* 2cjM*,............ bpsJliK...___ _ 28 j<g./M*........ 30 minutes. (Z37.29-1970). * section. (ill Local exhaust ventilation, (a) Local exhaust ventilation and dust col Cadmium fume (Z37.5-1970)........................ 0.1 mg./M*_____ SmgTW*--..-.-- Cadmium dust (Z37-5-1970)......................... 0.2 mg./M*0J mg./M*........ Carbon disulfide (Z37A-196S)...................... 20 p.pjn.............. 30 p.pjn,........ 109 p.pjn....... Do. Carbontetrechlorido(237.17-1967). lOp.pjn........ 25 p.pjn. ....... 200 p.pjn.5 minutes In any 4 hours. Kthyione dlbromide (23741-1970).............. 20 p.p.m............30 p.pjn........ 60 p.pjn........ 8 minutes. Ethylene dichlorlde (Z37.21-1969)...............50 p.p.m........ 100p.pjn....... 200 p.pjn........... 5 minutes in lection systems shall be designed, con structed, installed, and maintained in accordance with the American National Standard Fundamentals Governing the Design and Operation of Local Exhaust any 3 hours. Formaldehyde (Z37.16-1967)...... .................3 p.pjn......... 6 p.pjn____ ..... 10p.pjn........ 30minutes. 'ITydrogen fluoride (Z87,2$~I969)................ ......... do..................... Fiuorldo as dust (237.23-1960)..................... 2A mg./M1............ ................. Lead and Iti inorganic compounds (Z37.ll- 0.2 mg./M*............................ 1969). Methyl chloride (237.18-1969)...................... 100 p.p.m........ 200 p.p.m.............. 300 p.pjn.......... 5 minutes In any 8 boors. Methylene Chloride (237.3-1969)................... 600 p.p.m.___ 1,000 p.pjn......... 2,000 p.pjn........ 5 minutes In any 2 hours. Orgeno (alkyl) mercury (237JO-1969).........0.01 mg./M... 0.04 mgVM *........ Styrene (237.15-1969).................................... 100 p.pjn........ 200 p.pjn.............. 600 p.pjn........... 5 minutes In any 3 hours. 'Trichloroethylene (237.19-1967)..!....................... do..................do....... .............. 300 p.p.m.......... 5 minutes In any 2 hours. Tetrachtoroethylene (237.22-1967)........................do..................... do....;..............___ do__ .....__ 5 minutes In any 3 hours. Toluene (237.12-1967)................................... 200 p.p.m........300p<pjn................ 500 p.pjn........... 10 minutes. Hydrogen sulflde (237.2-1966)................................................ 20 p.p.m................ 50 p.pjn.............10 minutes once only If no other measur able exposure occurs. Mercury (237.8-1971)............................................................... 1 mg./lOM *, Chromic acid and chromates <2^37.7-1971)..................................... do *.... Systems, ANSI Z9.2-1971, which is in corporated by reference herein. <b) See {1910.6 concerning the avail ability of ANSI Z9.2-1971, and the maintenance of a historic file in connec tion therewith. The address of the Amer ican National Standards Institute is given in S 1910.100. (ill) Particular tools. All hand-op erated and power-operated tools which may produce or release asbestos fibers In excess of the exposure limits pre scribed in paragraph (b> of this section, such as, but not limited to, saws, scorers, abrasive wheels, and drills, shall be pro vided with local exhaust ventilation sys tems in accordance with subdivision (ii) of this subparagraph. Table 0-3--Mineral Dusts Substance Mppcf Mg/M1 Aerodynamic diameter (unit density sphere) Percent passing selector (2) Work practices--(i) Wet methods. Insofar as practicable, asbestos shall be handled, mixed, applied, removed, cut. scored, or otherwise worked in a wet Ellies: Crystalline: Quart* (respirable).._____ 250 * jOrag/M1 " %SlOi+6 %SIOi-*-2 Quartz (total dust).................................. aOmg/M1 2 2.5 3.6 5.0 10 1 90 75 60 25 0 The measurements under this note refer to the use of state sufficient to prevent the emission of airborne fibers in excess of the ex posure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section, unless the usefulness of the product would be diminished thereby. Crlstoballte: Use H the vaiue calculated from the an AEC instrument. If the respirable fraction of coal dust Is determined with a MRE the figure corresponding to that of 2.4 Mg/M* in the table for coal dust ls4A Mg/M*. (ii) Particular products and opera tions. No asbestos cement, mortar, coat count or mass formulae for quartz. Tndymlte: Use Yi the value calculated from the for mulae for quartz. Amorphous. Including natural dlatomaceous earth................. ing, grout, plaster, or similar material containing asbestos shall be removed the purpose of from bags, cartons, or other containers this section, (X) "Asbestos" includes in which they are shipped, without being 20 oumg/M* chrysotile, amosite, crocidolite, tremo- either wetted, or enclosed, or ventilated %S1Q> lite, anthophyllite, and actinolite. (2) "Asbestos fibers" means asbestos so as to prevent effectively the release of airborne asbestos fibers in excess of the 81)iestes (less then 1% crys talline silica): Mica............................................. 20 8oapstone............................. 20 Talc (non-asbestos-form)... 20" Talc (fibrous). Use asbestos limit ................................ Tremollte (see talc, fibrous) Portland cement......................... 50 Oraphlle (natural)................. 15 Coal dust (respirable friction less than 6% 8iOi)................................... 2.4mg/M* or For more than 6% SlOi.............................. lOmg/M* aert or Nuisance Dust: Respirable fraction....... . Total dust............................ %S10t+2 16 Smg/M1 60 16mg/M* Note: Conversion factors-- mppefX36J>milllon particles per cubic meter particles per e.e. * Millions of particles per cuble foot of air, based on Implnger samples counted by light-field technics. * The percentage of crystalline silica in the formula Is the amount detemined from air-borne samples, ex cept in those instances in which other methods have been shown to be applicable. i As determined by the membrane fitter method at OOXpnase contrast magnification. * Both concentralton and percent quartz for the appli cation of this limit are to be determined from the fraction passing a size-selector with the following characteristics: "Containing < l% quartz; If > 1%. quartz, uso quartz fibers longer than S micrometers. (b) Permissible exposure to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers--(X) Standard effective July 7. 1972. The 8-hour time-weighted average airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers to which any employee may be exposed shall not exceed five fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air, as determined by the method pre scribed in paragraph (e) of 4bis. auction. (2V Standard effective July't, 1976. The 8-hour time-weighted average air borne concentrations of asbestos fibers to which any emn^aMHW be exposed shall not exceec^^HH|p longer than 5 micrometers, ^^xubiccentimeter of air, as determined by the method pre scribed in paragraph (e) of this section. (3) Ceiling concentration. No em ployee shall be exposed at any time to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers in excess of 10 fibers, longer than 5 micrometers, per cubic centimeter of air, as determined by the method pre limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. (ill) Spraying, demolition, or removal. Employees engaged In the spraying of asbestos, the removal, or demolition of pipes, structures, or equipment covered or Insulated with asbestos, and in the removal or demolition of asbestos in sulation or coverings shall be provided with respiratory equipment in accord ance with paragraph (d) (2) Oil) of this section and with special clothing in ac cordance with paragraph (d) (3) of this section. (d) Personal protective equipment-- (1) Compliance with the exposure limits prescribed by paragraph (b) of this sec tion may not be achieved by the use of respirators or shift rotation of em ployees, except: (i) During the time period necessary to install the engineering controls and to institute the work practices required by paragraph (c) of this section; (ii) In work situations in which the limit. scribed in paragraph (e) of this section. methods prescribed in paragraph (c) of \ t< j- Occupationol Safely & Health Reporter [Sec. 1910.1001(d)(1)(iiH 62 c 002142 LAM022775 < TOXIC SUBSTANCES S-97 31:8305 Otis section are either technically not feasible or feasible to an extent insuffi cient to reduce the airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers below the limits prescribed by paragraph (b) of this section; or (ill) In emergencies. (iv) Wliere both respirators and per sonnel rotation are allowed by subdivi sions <i). (ii). or (ilf) of this subpara graph, and both are practicable, person nel rotation shall be preferred and used. (2) Where a respirator is permitted by subparagraph <l> of this paragraph, it shall be selected from among those ap proved by the Bureau of Mines, Departmart of the Interior,'or the National In stitute for Occupational Safety and Health, Department of Health, Educa tion, and Welfare, under the provisions of 30 CFR Part 11 (37 F.R. 6244, Mar. 25, 1972), and shall be used in accordance with subdivisions (i), (ii), (iii).and (iv) of this subparagraph. (i) Air purifying respirators. A reusa ble or single use air purifying respirator, or a respirator described in subdivision (U) or (iU) of this subparagraph, shall be used to reduce the concentrations of airborne asbestos fibers in the respirator below the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b> of this section, when the ceiling or the 8-hour time-weighted aver age airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed no more than 10 times those limits. (11) Powered atr purifying respirators. A full facepiece powered air purifying respirator, or a powered air purifying respirator, or a respirator described in subdivision (ill) of this subparagraph, shall be used to reduce the concentra tions of airborne asbestos fibers-in the respirator below the exposure limits pre scribed In paragraph (b) of this section, when the ceiling or the 8-hour time- weighted average concentrations of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed 10 times, but not 100 .times, those limits. (ill) Type "C" supplied-air respirators, continuous flow or pressure-demand class. A type "C" continuous flow or pres sure-demand. supplied-air respirator shall be used to reduce the concentra tions of airborne asbestos fibers in the respirator below the exposure limits pre scribed in paragraph (b) of this section, when the ceiling or the. 8-hour timeweighted average airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers are reasonably expected to exceed 100 times those limits. (iv) Establishment of a respirator pro gram. (a) The employer shall establish a respirator program in accordance with the requirements of the American Na tional Standards Practices for Respira tory Protection, ANSI Z88.2-1969. which is incorporated by reference herein. b. See S 1910.6 concerning the avail ability of ANSI Z88.2-1969 and the main tenance of an historic file in connection therewith. The address of the American National Standards institute is given in 11910.100. (c) No employee shall be assigned to tasks requiring the use of respirators if, based upon his most recent examination, an examining physician determines that the employee will be unable to function normally wearing a respirator, or that the safety or health of the employee or other employees will be impaired by hisuse of a respirator. Such employee shall be rotated to another job -or given the opportunity to transfer to a different po sition whose duties he is able to perform With the same employer, in the same geo graphical area and with the same senior ity, status, and rate of pay he had just prior to suchtransfer, if such a different position is available. (3) Special clothing: The employer shall provide, and require the use of, spe cial clothing, such as coveralls or similar whole body dottaing, head coverings, gloves, and foot coverings for any em ployee exposed to airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers, which exceed the ceiling level prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. (4) Change rooms: (1) At any .fixed place of employment exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers in ex cess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b)' of;,this section, the em ployer shall provide change rooms for employees working regularly at the place. (ii) Clothes lockers: The employer shall provide two separate lockers or con tainers for each employee, so separated or isolated as to prevent contamination of the employee's street clothes from his work clothes. (ill) Laundering: (a) Laundering of asbestos contaminated clothing shall be done so as to prevent the release of air borne asbestos fibers in excess of the ex-. posure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section. (t Any employer who gives asbestos- contaminated clothing to another person for laundering shall inform such person of the requirement in (a) of this.subdi vision to effectively prevent the release of airborne asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in para graph (b) of this section. (c) Contaminated clothing shall be transported in sealed impermeable bags, or other closed, impermeable containers, and labeled In accordance with para graph <g) of this section. (e) Method of measurement. All de terminations of airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers shall be made by the membrane filter method at 400-450 X (magnification) (4 millimeter objective) with phase contrast illumination. (f) Monitoring--(1) Initial determi nations. Within 6 months of the publi cation of this section, every employer shall cause every place of employment where asbestos fibers are released to be monitored hi such a way as to determine whether every employee's exposure to asbestos fibers is below the limits pre scribed in paragraph (b) of this sec tion. If. the limits are exceeded, the em ployer shall immediately undertake a compliance program in accordance with paragraph (c) of this section. (2) Personal monitoring--(i) Sam ples shall be collected from within the breathing zone of the employees, on membrane filters of 0.8 micrometer po rosity mounted in an open-face filter holder. Samples shall be taken for the determination of the 8-hour timeweighted average airborne concentra tions and of the celling concentrations of asbestos fibers. (ii) Sampling frequencyand patterns. After the initial determinations required by subparagraph tl) of this paragraph: samples shall be of such frequency and pattern as to represent with reasonable accuracy thelevels of exposure of em ployees. In no case shall the sampling be done at intervals greater than 6 months for employees whose exposure to asbestos may reasonably be foreseen to exceed toe limits prescribedby paragraph (b) of thissectlon. (3) Environmental monitoring--(1) samples shall be collected fnun areas of a work environment which are rapresent. atlve of the airborne concentrations of asbestos ; fibers, which may reach the breathing zone of employees. Samples shall be collected on. a membrane filter of 0.8 micrometer porosity mounted in an open-face filter holder. Samples shall be taken for toe determination of the 8hour tone-weighted average airborne concentrations and of the celling con centrations of asbestos fibers. (ii) Sampling frequency and patterns. After toe initial determinations required by subparagraph U) of this paragraph, samples shall be of such frequency and pattern as to represent with reasonable accuracy the levels of exposure of the employees. In no case shall sampling be at intervals greater than 6 months for employees whose exposures to asbestos may reasonably be foreseen to exceed the exposure limits prescribed in para graph <b) of this section. (4) Employee observation of monitor ing. Affected employees, or their rep resentatives. shall be given a reasonable opportunity to observe any monitoring required by this paragraph and shall have access to the records thereof. (g) Caution signs and labels. (1) Cau tion signs. (i> Posting. Caution signs shall be provided and displayed at each location where airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers may be in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b) of this section: Signs shall be posted at such a distance from such a location so that an employee may read the signs and take necessary protective steps be fore entering the area marked by the signs. Signs shall be posted at all ap proaches to areas containing excessive concentrations of airborne asbestos fibers. (U) Sign specifications. The warning signs required by subdivision fi) of this subparagraph shall conform to the re quirements of 20" x 14" vertical format signs specified in S 1910.145(d) (4), and to this subdivision. The signs shall dis play the following legend in the lower panel, with letter sizes and styles of a visibility at least equal to that specified in this subdivision. Legend Notation Asbestos. ----- Dust Hazard. .-- Avoid Breathing Dust-- Wear Assigned Protective Equipment. Do Not Remain In Area Unless Tour Work Re quires It. 1" Sans Serif. Gothic or Block. 14" Sana Serif. Gothic or Block. 14" Gothic. A "Gothic. Vi " Gothic. 4-29-76 Copyright 1976 by The Bureau of National Affairs, Inc. ISec. 1910.1001(gl{1)(ii)] 13 C 003143 LAM022776 .,*37:8306. REFERENCE FILE Legend Notation BresUtlsg. Aibsta( 'Doft-. M point Gothic. Jit; J3e Btnnlnii To Tour.Bealth. Bpadng between Uses shall be at least equSl to the height of the upper of any two lines. (3) Caution label*--(1) labeling. Cau tion labels shall be affixed to- all raw maijrittiB, mixtures, scraps waste, debris, and other products containing asbestos fibers, or to their containers.except that no label is required whore asbestos fibers have been- modified by a bonding agent, coating, binder, or other material so that dieting any reasonably foreseeable use, handling, storage,-disposal, processing, or transportation, no airborne concentra tions of asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed in paragraph (b> of this section will be released. (ii) Label specification*. The caution labels required by subdivision (1) of this subparagraph shall be printed In letters of sufficient else and contrast as to be readily visible and legible. The label shall Contains Asbestos Fibers Avoid Creating Dust ' Breathing Asbestos Dust May Cause Serious Bodily Haim (hi Housekeeping--(i) _Cleaning. All external surfaces In any place of employ ment shall be maintained tree of accu mulations of aSbesto; fibers If; with their dispersion, there would be an excessive concentration.. (2) Waste disposal. Asbestos waste, scrap, debris, bags, containers, equip ment. and asbestos-contaminated cloth ing, consigned for disposal, which may produce in any reasonably foreseeable use, handling, storage.-processing, dis posal, or transportation airborne concen trations of asbestos fibers in excess of the exposure limits prescribed.in paragraph (b) of this section shall be collected and disposed of in sealed impermeable bags, or othdr.closed^ impermeable containers. (1) Recordkeeping--it) Exposure rec ords. Every employer shall maintain rec ords of any personal or environmental monitoring required by this seotion. Rec ords shall be maintained for a period of at least 20 years and shall be made avail able upon request to the Assistant Sec retary of Labor for Occupational Safety and Health, the Director of the National Institute for Occupational Safety , and Health, and to authorized representa tives of either. (1910.1001(0(1) amended at 41 FR 11505, Much 19, 1976) (2) Employee access. Every employee and former employee shall have reason able access to any record required to be maintained by subparagraph (1)' of this paragraph, which- Indicates the em ployee's own exposure to asbestos fibers. (3)'-Employee notification. Any em ployee found to have been exposed at any time'to airborne concentrations of asbes tos 'fibers In excess of the limits pre scribed in paragraph (b) of this section shall be notified in writing of the expo sure, as soon as practicable but not later than 5 days of the finding. The employee shall also be timely notified of the cor rective action being taken. (1) Oene or make available at his cost, medical examina tions relative to exposure to asbestos re- raHRmR employersnaU provide or make available to each of his employees, within 30 calendar days fol lowing his first employment in an occupation exposed to rirbome con centrations of asbestos fibers, a compre hensive medical examination, which shall include, as a minimum, a chest roent genogram (posterior-anterior 14 x 17 Inches), a history to elicit symptom atology of respiratory. disease, . and pulmonary function tests , to include forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced fore an nually thereafter,-every employer shall provide, or make available, comprehen sive medical examinations to each of his employees, engaged in occupations ex posed to airborne concentrations of as bestos fibers. Such annual examination shall Include; as a minimum, a chest roentgenogram (posterior-anterior 14 x 17 Inches), a history-to elldt symptom atology of respiratory disease, and pulmonary function tests to include forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEVi.,). (4) Termination of employment. The employer shall provide, or make avail able. within 30 calendar'days before or after the termination of employment of any employee engaged in an occupation exposed to airborne concentrations of asbestos fibers, a comprehensive medical examination which shall include, as a minimum, a chest roentgenogram (pos terior-anterior 14 x 17 Inches), a history to elicit symptomatology of respiratory disease, and pulmonary function tests to include forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expiratory volume at 1 second (FEV,.,). (5) Recent examinations.'No medical examination Is required Of any em ployee, if- adequate records show that the employee has been examined in ac cordance with this paragraph within the past 1-year period. (6) Medical recoras--(1) Mainte nance. Employers of employees examined pursuant to this paragraph shall cause to be maintained complete and accurate records of all such medical examina tions. Records- shall be retained by employers for at least 20 years. (11) Access. The contents of the rec ords of the medical examinations required by this paragraph shall be made available, for inspection and copying, to the Assistant Secretary of Labor lor Occupational Safety and Health, the Director of NIOSH, to authorized physi cians and medical consultants of either of them, and, upon the request of an em ployee or former employee, to his physi cian. Any physician who conducts - a medical examination required by this paragraph shall furnish to the employer of the examined employee all the infor mation specifically required by this paragraph, and any other medical in formation related to occupational ex posure to asbestos fibers. S 1910.1002 , mt pitch volatile*) interpretatiq of term. As used in Xc. 1910.1000 (Table Z-l, coal tar pitch volatiles Include the fused poly cyclic hydrocarbons which volatilize from the (distillation residues of coal, petroleum! wood, and other organic mat ter. \ (37 FR 24749 Effective November 21, 1972] (Editor's Note:'S^or the following carcin ogens' standards, examination provi- sions were remand' Lby the Third Circuit Court of Appeals, - ions, regarding re search laboratories vacated by the court] $ 1910.1003 4-Nitgroiphenyi. (a) Scope application. (1) This section applie > any area In which 4-Nltrobiphei] Chemical Abstracts Service! Number 92933 Is manu- factored. repackaged, re- . hand , or stored, but shall not apply to t: ipment hi sealed con- tainers, ex for the labeling require- mentsuhdi phs (e)(2), (3), and (4) of this (2) This section shall not apply to solid or liquid mntores containing less than 0.1 percent by vgpight or volume of 4-Nitroblphenyl. (b) Definitions. For Yhe purposes of this section: (1) "Absolute filter" is one capable of retaining 99i>7 percent of a mono disperse aerosol off0.3 /un particles. (2) "Authorized employee" means an employee whose duti^rrequire him to be in the regulated area; and who has been specifically assignecroy the employer. (3) "Clean change room" means a loom where employees put on clean clothing and/or protective equipment in an environment free of 4-Nltrobiphen7l. The clean chance room shall be con tiguous to and pave an entry from a 6hower room, whan the shower room facilities are othe^ise required in this section. (4> "dosed sysl means an opera- tion Involving 4 ibtphenyl where containment prevents release of 4- Nitroblphenyl into rei id areas, non- regulated areas, or the mal environ- ment (5) "Decontamination' eans the in- activation of 4-Nltroblph( 4 or Its safe disposal. (6) fEttrector" the Director, National * Institute Occupational Safety and Health, any person dl- rected by him or the cretary of Health, Education, and to act for the Director. (7) "Disposed" cleans the safe re moval of 4-Nltrobltfienyl from the work environment. (8) "Emargency'fmeans an unforseen circumstance or setpf circumstances re sulting In the release of 4-Nltroblphenyl which may result inexposure to or con tact with 4-NitroblplKnyl. (9) "External enrironment" means any environment exi ml to regulated and nonregulated ai (10) "Isolated systeL " means a full; enclosed structure othel than the vesse of containment of i-Nitrobiphenyl, which is impervious to ;he passage of 4Nitroblphenyl, and wi h would prevent f > Occupationol Safety & Health Reporter [Sec. 1910.1003(1/(10)' 14 P c 003144 LAM022777