Document 4J485X58b0grL7G1EN6Eqr2xp

FILE NAME: Scotts (SCTS) DATE: 1977 Dec 8 DOC#: SCTS021 DOCUMENT DESCRIPTION: Report - Scotts Turf Builder Field Tests r To: iE. S. Word * From: P. W, Eaten CC: HJ.. yR.. llict1.orlltoer*r Date: Subject: Contlruciion fioctoclt Diviurit December 8, 1977 PLAINTIFFS EXHIBIT SCO-11 FSiceoltdtsRTeuporfrtG/ uilder A Turf BPueilrd.eyrouart reIl-njctjeosgt,G*-aardefinesldAptaertsmt ernetpcoormt polnexthise aatptapclihceadti.on of Scotts*- C n-.'E/cc Attacharjr.t 'F. tf. Eaton SC-000093! Subject: ScoLts Turf Builder H eld Tests Purposc: lo determine* user cxpn'iure to tremolite fib e r during c Uie ap p licatio n of ScoLts Turf builder at normal feed ' rate^ _ Test Location anti Date: Nanog Gardens Apartment.Complex, ' Acton, Massachusetts - November 14, & 15, 1577 I. Test Equipment and Material 1. 2. 3. 4. . 5. 6. 7. Mew Model 35 Scotts spreader with, guide markers, Fifteen (15) bags of Scotts Turf Builder (5000 sq. f t . coveraqe/bag) received by Or. H. C. Duecker - November 11,1977 from 0. H. Scott." . Thirty (30) lbs. flo u r. ` 2" Y. 2" X i f stakes for mounting area sampling pumps.- ` ` Seven (7.) Bendix super sampler pumps Model" GDX 31 ` calibrated November 3, 1977. Cassettes with Mi H i pore fibers cat. no; AAWp0370n, Miscellaneous items such a sampling th ie f stop watch e tc . II. Test Procedure *- A. General Magog Gardens was selected as the t e s t s ite as i t n -m rsents a r typical resid en tial area where lawns would be f e r til is e d dm-in>: the normal coarse of home upkeep. This s i t e , with over 100,000 sq. f t . of grass area, would allow a i r sampling while f e r til iz in g over an extended period of time. ' The te s ts were conducted with two people - one f i l l i n g spreader hopper and f e r t i l i z i n g and the other maintaining log sheets, tints and pump, c a lib ra tio n , B. Area Samples (Refer to Attach Area Sketch.) ' " Area sampling pumps wore located as shown on the attached sketch with the sampling f i l t e r 5 f t . above ground lev el. F ilte r s faced the following direction,during the sampling period: A-l ft 5 A-2, G, ft9 A-3, 7, ft11 A-4 . 8, ft A-10 West Fast South 12 North ' South Kind direction during the sampling period November 14, 1977, was variable W. - S.W. and southerly on November 10, 1977. Sampling pump flow ra ts was se t for-.!.6 1/oiin.and checked a t 30 minute intervals. C SC=00009ZK Area camples {A-l, 2, U ft A) were taken for 180 min. November 14, 1977* A.M. prio r to application of Turf Builder., Samples A-5, 6 , 1 & 0 were taken November 14, 1977, tlurinq the f e r t i l i z i n g period of 494, 45G and 4F.8 Magog Gardens. ' Samples A-9, 10, 11 A 12 were taken November 15, 1977, while f e r t i l i z i n g 492 and 490 Hagog Garden. , C. Application e f Turf Builder ' . - Two sampling pumps with f i l t e r cassettes located in the l e f t and rig h t breathing zone, were worn by the applicator during the s a n p lin g /fe rtiliz in g peHod. The applicator f ille d the - spreader hopper to within 2" of the top and re f ille d when hopper was approximately 3/4 empty. Direction of f e r til iz in g is shown on the attached sketch by broken lines. The applicator maintained a constant walking pace and took one 5 minute coffee break during the sampling period a t 492 Magog - Garden. Ho breaks or rest periods were taken during Lhe other "sampling periods. . - ' The lawn area f e r til iz e d was from the hack of each building to the street/p ark in g area except at 490 Macing Garden, the area went 50 f t . west of the buildinn. f i l t e r cassettes and sampling period were changed for each apartment. During the 350 min. sampling period, 12-5000 sq. f t . bags of Turf Building were spread. 111. Sunsary and Interpretation of Results . A. General Laboratory analysis re su lts by phase contrast illumination of sampled f i l t e r s are as follows: - Sample Mo. Ho. of Fields Total Fibers Analysis . ` ' Read Counted {f/ml) (see note) Area Samples A-l 100 A-2 100 A-3 100 A-4 100 A-5 . 100 A-6 - 200 A-7 100 A-8 200 A-9 100 A-10 100 A-l 1 A-l 2 100 *. 100 ' 0 0 0 0 . 0 . 1 0 1 2 0 0 0 < 0.01 *0.01 <0.01 <0.01 <0.01 0.01 <.9.01 0.01 0.02 <.o.ni c o.m <0.01 ------ S C -1300094 Sample Ilo. Ho. of Fields Read Total Fillers Counted Analysis (f/iul) (sec note) Applicator Samples TB-1 IB-2 T&-3 TB-4 IB-5 TB-6 TB-7' TB-8 TB-9 TB-10 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 - 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 . 0 <0.04 <0.04 <0.03 -40.03 -CO.04 <ro.04 - <0.03 -CO.03 <0.02 -<0.02 * . .. ' ' f ' - r Mote: . 1. Fiber Analysis formula (f/ml) K a constant 342.000 (r e tic le calibration) F no. f ib e r s /f ie ld V = flow rate (ml/min) T = time (min) ' 2. Less than {<) value moans, no fibers were observed in (he counted fie ld s . For s t a t i s t i c a l reason where no fillers are observed or counted,' Groce pluos in cue (1) fiber in the . analysis calculation so th at no answer is zero (0) f/ml. The -Csign clarifies the quantitative value. B. Area Samples During the sampling period to c o lle c t background data (Al-5), the analysis showed no fib ers. During the application of Truf ` Builder November 14, 1977, one (1) fiber was counted iit 200 fie ld on sample A-f> upwind and A-0 downwind of the t e s t s ite . I t should be pointed out th a t samples A-2, 6 & 9 were taken at the properly boundry lin e between 4?4 and 49G Magog Garden approximately 70 f t . in hack of the apartments. Based on wind direction November 14, 1977, the fib er observed in sample A-C< came from the ambient a i r and not from the application of Tin f Builder. One to the wind direction sh iftin a from west to.southwest and sequence of f e r til iz in g 494, 49G and 490 Magog Harden, it is unlikely the fiber counted in sample A-8 was the re su lt of the ' application of Truf Buildcc. During the application of Turf Builder November lf>, 1977, two (2) fibers were. counted or. sample-A-9. Duo to the sampling location, wind direction and f e r til iz in g locations, the observed fibers are " believed to be in the .ambient a ir. ------ SC-0000942 C. Turf Builder Applicator Samples (Personnel) Ro fib e rs were observed or counted in the ten (10) applicator samples during the 350 minute t e s t period. Although b a sic a lly meaningless, the time weiohted average (TWft) user exposure for .applying Turf Builder is^O.WT/g f/ml, (Grace's consumer exposure time factor for applying 1ightweiyht latm ' ` f e r t i l i z e r is 2/8 or 2 hr. in an B hr. day). IV, Conclusion ' Based on approved membrane f i l t e r sampling and phase contrast ' illiHTiination an aly tical techniques, the consigner is not exposed to fibers in the normal application of Turf Builder to lawns, Based on samolinq conditions lis te d in.other sections o f this report, i t is assumed that fibers counted in area samples are ` from the ambient a i r and not related to the application of lu rf Builder. t F. W. Eaton Fi-IE/cc - . Attachment: (1) Air Sampling Record Sheets (4) (2) Area Sketch Se=00009# W/nrC. fl/sy/jy vtitib t'/ tijo T/3 -yfj'O -O -f-V j '0 fio vre . 2 & "S C T 00093 ' r i , * ** . t * S. t \ J . A I R s A P l I K f,. 1ft g c o n S H T . .^ ssss-'.CCa7-Oj: fjA Q cCr < Aj.'bns /*>e7w pi--' .sa.-^l ;:;g cj;:o;TiC>:;s: coirr/wUrjAST _JzuiZcZ-_____ ________ qut s ; -`.0 _ */ ////_ CA.YE-; ^ jjjS f / jZ J.i? 2 & Jj& J& L ' i - s ; d D .v .n ______ _.. " __ VISISLE i. *.*tn( P DUST GUi'^'iJta'-iiIr r 'Af. *"*'W 1- *.\ i > KOUSS^S-PIXS: * ,#t* 2* - y i^ I j Tu*-*.;.#^-^3 A**,V *C H =. ;Cv Locution j\: Dc-tcripticn _i ____.__i_i____________ J/ -> iV __________ l/Z:^ --- -- i >; t / - *=~ . j fte&iir'AS - t_i; 77, r ** , - ' ' ^-1 y i . 6 r : : ' s . S l-.v R 7 7 J7 cj?s& T1 ; Pu-p 'f *] T Pa:.*? J?l~? .Scaling !;`lov.` j|TSco.:vj.T-:j".1 r i Lfj |,TiLLTjraArn`.e'S6r'`*'ge^ r~"f?ttijjGign=ay^|irr<f:f:l;romB!.*.t. r.a fxuferj iVoUvo*t*.jlxetva,. *it. 1 |>*v j - ^ | 1 ` 1______ U | / 0 o - y j ^ v y :vvf i Z o bC ^0 / c I < c h C bC i - n j a'-|1g *>fN i/ 1i / gAo I / ^ "-- ^ 5 -S ' |) 7i - /-. 7-7 *! > il-.n. ,, ,,.i . : jf " ' lt~ "" 1 1 i / & r<o i ;,, - S s ^*4/^****/^',* i^ ^ 1 /r/*'** } !*" . 'V-**. 1 j ! <T ,`i%-cr 1 /.. ,.. \/>?s fj- - i / t> A?-*'/ i 11 i t ,, f ,, - r .............. * > < vviiolvlif# vr^vy 1 I tc<J -I \ w \ n d , 1 4*> * # -- ii ^V 1 ! i ** i |r^.# 1 \s |.`?-*M*.M "Jj ^ t**vj i /#--j p ij l 1 "I W iT Zu o 20 D Vi 1 |v /! !/.; j 1 1t i \<C i C.c --""-\r- <o'.'** i .)- Oita: S C -0000941 Jl1 Jt < * rj- O u oS-* 4 ) 1 I -A Oi iI.': 1V < V. VIi 4V* uo o 1> I* 'I I SC330009#  6 QGQt3 CAMBRIDGE TO. H. C. Duscber from; J lie C. Y CCi T * M. <' R. C. L. G. W. B. D. M. R. M. J.'V . E. S, F ile: Eaton Ericson Eeld-nan Hanlon Kirvea V icin g tfoltsr \vbod 70-975* CONFIDENTIAL DArtt . November 29, 1977 a n a subject: Turf B uilder Analysis ' , - ' ' *. ` _ ' . ' . . ' ` - - * * . . SUMMARY Turf Builder from 0. M. Scott, which nas been tasted at Magog Cardens, Acton, on November lU- and 15, vas analyzed for the trecolite-. content. A H the slow-releasing fertiliser was removed by repeated boiling water extraction. Turf Builder was found to be composed or approximately one-third verraiculite and two-thirds fertiliser. lha vcrmieulita present vas a mixture of S-A. and Libby vermiculite, judging from the color , appearance. ' . Mo detectable trenolite {-=0.0251s) was found in the Turf Builder product by x-ray method. BACKGROurp IMFQRMAITQM ' F ifte e n hags o f Turf B uilder (coverage 5000 s q .f t./b a g ) were r e ceived from 0. W. S c o tt Company, A f ie ld t e s t was conducted fo r r e s p ir able f ib e r co n ten t e v a lu a tio n a t Ifagog Cardens i n Acton on November lb and 15 (T1A 67629). - * Two com posite samples from te s ts mado on th e two ccp aro tc days were subfiitted for a n a ly s is . . BX7BIrS;ITAI> 1. Extraction Because o f th e s a tu ra tio n o f slo w -relea sin g f e r t i l i z e r on v c m ic - u l i t e , th e m a te ria l (about a 200 g sar.ple) had to be leech ed w ith fre s h b o ilin g w ater rc p s a to d ly (a t o t a l o f 12 l i t e r s o f w ater xiscd - leached fo r s ix tim es), and then a c a re fu lly quartered sample vas ex tracted in a Soxhlct ex tra cto r. to; H.C.Duecker From: J.C-Yang Turf Builder Analysis . Bate: November 29, 1977 . t o t a l w a te r so lu b le (average o f two d e te rm in a tio n s ): . l ) from leaching * 2) from Soxhlet ex tractio n 62. 30 . 2.99 ' ' 5^ ` JCotal v e rm ic u lite and o th e rs 3^-71^ 2. T r e c o litc A n a ly sis , . - ,, . - ' - * The w et v e rm ic u lite from S tep 1 vas dried, i n th e oven, th e n f lo a t e d . The heavy p a r t i c l e p o rtio n i s 37-7j (a v erag e o f 2) o f the sam p le v h ic h co rresp o n d s to 37-7 * 31-71 * 1 2 . 96% o f th e t o t a l sam ple. The heavy p a r t i c l e p o rtio n was ground to -100 mesh and x -ra y e d . No d e te c ta b le tr e m o lite was found by x -ra y d i f f r a c t i o n method. S in ce th e l i m i t o f d e te c tio n by x -ray method i s 0. 2%, th e l i m i t f o r t o t a l t r e n o l l t e p r e s e n t was le s s th a n 12.96 x 0. 2^ = 0. C2'jj, o f the t o t a l sam ple. 3. Sieve A nalysis The le a c h e d v e rm ic u lite was s iz e d . The p a r t i c l e s i z e d i s t r i b u t i o n is lis te d as follow s; ' Cumulative % Retained Spec, (L -l) +30M -3 0 +50M -50 +10QM -100 +20QM - 200M , 20.15 72.5 92.9 97.9 100.0 15-65 $0-90 90-100 --_ -- The hulk d e n sity o f the v erm icu lite a f te r w ater e x tra c tio n treatm en t v a s 23-05 FCF. The so rp tio n o f f e r t i l i z e r and g r a n u la tio n p ro c e ss Ivui broken down some o f tbo p a r ti c le s and a ls o d o n s if ie d th e p ro d u c t. . 5. V isual Observation r The c o lo r appearance in d ic a te d th e v e rm ic u lite u se d i n th e T u rf * B u ild er i s a m ixture o f Libby and S.A. v e rm ic u lite . . . SC-00D095t To: It.C.Due eke r From: J.C.Yang Turf Bate: B u ilde Nov. r 2 A 9 ,na lysis 1977 C0NCLUSI0II3 Aim' CO.'IMSNTS The a n a ly s is o f Turf B u ild e r shoved th e product i s composed o f o n c -th ir d v c r m ic u litc and t v o - t b ir d s f e r t i l i s e r , approxim ately. By c o lo r appearance i t i s a m ixture o f S .A . and Libby v c r m ic u litc , and no d e te c ta b le tr e m o lite vas found i n th e p r e d ic t ( < 0. 025>>)* JCY:mlr SC^00009S GRACE Constructton Products Division PROCEDURE FOR F I BE B C O U N T I N G W. R. GRACE & CO. SC-001151 EIswm. i m: .-.-`-.-.I CO K STBU CTIO N PBO D U C TS D IVISIO N Page 1 ^ I. HES33SD FOR SLIDE PKEPAKATIOIf 1 . Mounting medium - s e e Appendix f o r p r e p a r a tio n . 2 . Ross O p tica l liens T issu e - t h is le n s tis s u e i s p referred because o f i t s su p erio r c lea n in g q u a l i t i e s . I t say be purchased from Ladd Research I n d u str ie s , P .0 . Box 9 0 1 , B u rlin gton , Vermont 05^01. A . dozen b o x es a t 1000 s h e e ts ea ch sh ou ld l a s t some tim e . 3 . 10 g r o s s o f 75 x 25 nm p r e c le a n e d g l a s s s l i d e s w ith one end f r o s t e d . F isher S c ie n tific su p p lies th ese as item 12-552. h 1 ca se o f 22 x 22 nm n o . 1 .5 ( O .lo t o 0.19 m Thick) co v er g l a s s e s . Fisher item 12-5*03. - ' 5. 2 curved forceps. F isher item 8-375- 7. 6 d is s e c tin g k n ife b la d e s. F is h e r item 8-915B. 8. 1 package o f 12> am x 3 mm s t i r r i n g ro d s . F is h e r item 11-33QA. 9. P e n c il-. 10'. Sm all s p a tu la o r k n ife (a sid e from th e one used to c u t th e f i l t e r - paper) to 'cut the tape around th e c a s s e tte . 11. Q uarter o r nickel fo r prying open cassette. ( - Bee. 13, 1977 SC-0011511 ri CO NSTRUCTIO N PRO DUCTS D IV ISIO N Page 2 U . SLIDE HEPAftATIOtt 1. Place clean lens tissu e on desk. 2 . Wipe d is s e c tin g k n if e , fo rc e p s , end 1 s tir r in g rod. end w ith another piece -of lens tis s u e using a separate section o f th e tis s u e fo r each Instrum ent. A fter wiping each instrum ent, i t should be placed on the tis s u e i n s te p ( l ) . The w iping tis s u e should be thrown away. 3 . Place a second p iece o f clean le s s tissu e on the desk. Take h o ld o f a g la s s s lid e by i t s edges a t th e fro ste d , end and h o ld i t up to th e l i g h t . Remove any v i s i b l e d i r t by w iping w ith le n s t i s s u e . P u t th e s l i d e down on th e c le a n ti s s u e i n s te p (3 ) f r o s te d sid e up, and re p la c e th e cover on th e box o f remaining s lid e s . 5 . Take h old o f a cover g la ss b y i t s edges, hold i t up to th e li g h t checking f o r c le a n lin e s s and, ag a in , remove ary v i s i b l e d i r t by wiping w ith len s tis s u e . Place i t on the clear .edge o f th e g la ss ' . s l i d e so t h a t i t overhangs enough, so t h a t one o f i t s ed g es i s r e s t i n g on the len s pap er. Close th e cover on the remaining cover g la ss e s . 6. Cut th e se a lin g ta p s on th e a i r sample c a sse tte w ith a s p a tu la , knife, o r fin g ern ail. - 7- Loosen th e c a s s e tte by p ry in g around the edges w ith a coin, (n ic k e l ' o r q u a rte r should do) b u t do n o t remove the cover y e t . 8. P lace a drop o f m ounting medium (see Appendix f o r p r e p a r a tio n ) i n th e cen ter o f the e lid e . This should be dons w ith th e s tir r in g ` ro d which cozies w ith th e E a ls a a b o t t l e . Toe f i r s t dro p sh o u ld be perm itted' to f a l l back in to th e b o ttle ; th e second drop should, f a l l - on th e s lid e (never touch th e s lid e w ith th is ro d ). Always p la ce t h e 'co v er on th e b o t t l e a f t e r you a re f in is h e d p u ttin g t h e d ro p on the s lid e . ` 9. P u ll one edge o f th e drop o f mounting flu id ,o n th e s lid e , ou t so as -to g e t a p e a r shaped drop. This i s done w ith th e c le a n s tir r in g rod on th e tis s u e from step (2 ). A fter doing .th is , th e s t i r r i n g rod should be wiped* d ry w ith th e c e n te r o f a n o th e r p ie c e o f lens tissu e and replaced in i t s o rig in a l p o sitio n . D o n 't d is t card th e cleaning tiss u e y e t. 10 . Remove th e to p o f th e sample c a s s e tte com pletely. Dee. 13, 1977 | SCOTTY C O N STRUCT!CTN P R O D U C T S D IV IS IO N Page 3 11. Holding th e c a s s e tte co n tain in g th e f i l t e r paper firm ly on th e deck v i t h one han d ,cu t a p ie shaped segment from tb s f i l t e r paper w ith an a rc o f about one c c . u sin g th e d isse c tin g k n ife . The' c u ts should be made s t a r t i n g from th e f i l t e r p ap er* s c e n te r and e x te n d in g o u t t o i t s edge. Wipe b o th s id e s o f th e s c a lp e l b la d e c a r e f u lly w ith a clean p o rtio n o f th e p ap er used to wipe th e ro d in. s te p (? ) and re p la c e th e k n if e i n i t s o r i g i n a l p o s itio n . (Wipe th e b la d e p u llin g , th e cu ttin g edge tow ard y o u rs e lf ra th e r than pushing i t toward you. She l a t t e r te ch n iq u e r e s u l t s i n r a th e r bloody c u ts .) A gain, don't discard the cleaning tissu e . 1 2 . Remove t h e p i e sh ap ed f i l t e r segm ent from th e c a s s e t t e u s in g t h e curved fo r c e p s and p la c e i t on th e drop o f mounting medium s o t h a t th e drop and segment shapes c o rresp o n d . The paper sh o u ld h e g ra sp e d by i t s circ u m fe re n tia l edge w ith th e fo rc e p s, to minimize d is tu rb in g th e dust on the paper's su rface. Replace the cassette cover. 13- P ie c e th e cover, g l a s s o v e r th e sam ple. Wipe- th e fo rc e p s c le a n w ith a c le a n p o r tio n o f t h e p a p e r from s te p ( 1 1 ) , and now d is c a r d th e l a t t e r . Apply a g e n tle p re s s u re on th e cover g la ss u sin g th e convex curve o f th e fo rcep s f o r ab o u t 30 seco n d s. Then p u t th e fo rc e p s hack i n t h e i r original position. l b . On th e f r o s t e d end o f th e s l i d e w r ite i n p e n c i l, u s in g a t h r e e - l i n e form at, g iv in g sample id e n t if ic a t io n , date o f s lid e p r e p a r a tio n , and your i n i t i a l s , Pu.t th e s l i d e a s id e on a p ie c e o f le n s t i s s u e . 15. R epeat th e p r e s s u r e d e s c rib e d i n s te p (13) two more tim e s - once a f t e r each o f th e n ex t two s lid e p re p a ra tio n s . This should c l e a r th e cen't r a l portion o f th e f i l t e r paper leaving only th e .th ree com ers o f the o r ig in a l p ie v i s i b l e i f th e s iz e o f th e mounting medium drop was c o r r e c t. 1 6 . A new le n s tiG su e sh o u ld b e s e t o u t f o r th e p re p a ra tio n , o f each new slid e (step 3) ' 1 7 . Hie s lid e i s read y f o r re a d in g 0 .5 hour a f t e r p re p a r a tio n . B ut w a it in g -for 0.5 t o 1 d ay i s b e t t e r , because th e re i s some e a r l y g r a in in e s s to a fre s h slid e - which makes i t core d i f f i c u l t to re a d . S lid e s should be read w ithin 5 days a f te r preparation to prevent any d if f ic u ltie s from p o s sib le c r y s t a l l i z a t i o n o f th e mounting medium. . . f . I ( 3 C3501151 Page U This se c tio n is v-Titten in general tern s since the procedures a r e dependent; on t h e make arid model o f th e n ic ro sc o p e u se d . The P o rto n r e t i c l e should, be c a lib r a te d agains t a s lid e m icro m eter. Ours has been adju sted to 5^ microns to a s id e , re su ltin g in a co u n tin g f i e l d a r e a o f 0.0025 nn?. P lace a sample s lid e on th e sta g e a s f o r co u n tin g . Then: 1 . Focus on same p a r tic u la te s on th e f i l t e r paper a re a o f th e slid e. . .2* A d ju st t h e l i g h t so u rce f o r maxim m b r ig h tn e s s . 3 , Examine th e phase rin g s f o r c o r r e c t o v e rla p . A d ju st i f necessary. . U. d o s e t h e illu m in a to r I r i s and a d j u s t th e su h sta g e con denser u n t i l th e image o f th e i r i s opening i s sh a rp and on thei v e rg e o f changing c o lo rs (b lu e to r e d o r v ic e v e r s a ) . 5 . Open th e illu m in a to r i r i s u n t i l th e f i e l d o f view i s J u s t f ille d w ith lig h t. 6. A d ju st th e f in e focus to g e t th e b e s t image. I have found th a t a sin g le check o f the phase rin g s p er day is s u f f i c i e n t u n le s s th e o b je c tiv e s a re changed t o some o th e r power. , This u su ally d isru p ts rin g alignm ent in our scope (as do the v ib ratio n s o f a passing fre ig h t tr a in ) end step 3 above must be rep eated . A djust ment o f-th e substage condenser i s so re v a ria b le and can e a s ily be checked fo r each s lid e w ith our microscope. ***. f i Dec. 13, 1977 SC~00TT5Ti CONSTRUCTION PBOX>UCT3 DIVISION r Page 5 iv . cougrno A f te r th e p r e lim in a r ie s o f s e c tio n i n have "been com pleted, th e e l id e i s r e e d y -to be c ount e d , we count IC O 'fS c'ds. However, i f tim e i s a v a ila b le , more f i e l d s sh o u ld be counted to g e t a s t a t i s t i c a l l y more r e li a b le f ig u r e , e s p e c ia lly i f th e f ib e r counts a r e low . The .100 f i e l d s a r e s e le c te d a t random i n ten. sweeps a c ro s s th e f i l t e r p a p e r a r e a w ith t e n s to p s d u rin g e a c h sweep. He s ta y away a s h a s t we can from th e e d g e s, th e ap ex , and t h e a r c o f the o rig in a l p ie shaped segment. Only those fib e rs i n th e l e f t hand square o f th e P ortoa r e t i c l e a r e co u n te d . T his `sq u a re c o n s ti tu te s th e co u n tin g f i e l d . A d ecisio n should be Bade p r i o r to counting concerning f ib e r s w hich c ro s s t h e b o u n d arie s o f th e sq u a re f i e l d . Two a d ja c e n t sides o f th e square should be chosen so th a t fib e rs crossing those s id e s a r e co u n ted w h ile f i b e r s c ro s s in g th e o th e r two s id e s o re ignored even i f a portion o f then lie s w ithin the f ie ld . Only those fib e rs g re a te r than 5 microns in le n g th a re c o u n ted . Lengths may be e s tim a te d by com parison w ith th e h a sh - marks alo n g th e l e f t sid e o f th e Norton f i e l d sq u are. (Based on our c a lib ra tio n , th e d istan ce between the c lo se s t marks in our 'm icroscope i s convenien tly s e t a t 5 m icro n s.) The c i r c l e s along th e bottom edge o f r e t i c l e may a ls o b e used. O nly th o s e f i b e r s whose le n g th to d iam eter r a t i o (a sp e c t r a ti o ) i s g r e a te r th a n 3 sh o u ld be c o u n ted . Do n o t co u n t f i b e r s whose d ia m e te r i s g r e a t e r th a n 3 m icrons, and do no t count as fib e rs c ry s ta ls o r s liv e r s o f m aterial.' C rystals can be p a rtic u la rly deceptive i f on edge is v is ib le and th e r e f r a c tiv e index o f th e c r y s ta l i s a n e a r match f o r t h a t o f th e m ounting medium, ( a good example o f t h i s problem is p e r l i t e ) . . , ( . Dec. 13, 1977 CONSTXtUCnaN PaODUCTS DIVISION Page 6 CALCUIATION OF HSSULTS ' The c a lc u la tio n a f th e number o f f ib e r s /i s l. o f e i r sax p les is dons as ' follow s: _ ( 1 ) t h s cam pling a r e a o f H iH ip o r e f i l t e r p a p e r A5SP03700 i s 855 cm? (we h av e checked t h i s an d found i t t o he c o r r e c t ) . However* y o u sh o u ld dotiblediac3t th i s to Kale sure f o r y o u r f i l t e r p ap er. ( 2 ) d iv i d e t h e t o t a l sam p lin g s u r f a c e a r e a o f t h s f i l t e r p a p e r (855 rca?) , by th e a re a o f one counting f i e l d to g e t th e t o t a l number o f p o ssib le . . f i e l d s th e f i l t e r p ap er sa y h e d iv id ed in to (in. our case th is i s 855 ` yr .0025 - 3^2 , 000) . . ' ( 3) m u ltip ly th e r e s u l t i n ste p ( 2) h y th e average number o f f ib e r s found ; . ` -.-per f i e l d to g e t t h e 't o t a l number o f f ib e r s on th e whole f i l t e r d is c . . ( 4 ) m u l tip l y t h e t o t a l tim e a i r was sam pled h y th e pump ( i n m in u te s ) b y . . ` .th e flo w r a t e ' th ro u g h , th e pump ( i n n X ./ain u fee). . (5) d iv id e th e r e s u lt in (3) by th e r e s u lt o f (4) to g e t the f in a l answer in . te rm s o f f i b e r s p e r c l . o f a i r . ' !Chese c a l c u l a t i o n s a r e susaeariKed b y th e fo llo w in g fo rm u la and exam ple. ` , fib e rs per m l. o f e i r y --jj; . V il ' * where, T ` . r . * . .P . K sam pling tin e in m inutes a i r flo w r a t e th ro u g h pump i n d . p s r rein , average number o f f ib e r s p s r f i e l d . , . t o t a l sampling f i l t e r d isc surface a re a d iv id ed by _ a re a w ith in one counting f ie ld (both su rface areas " sh o u ld be c a lc u la te d u s in g th e same u n i t s , l . e . , cn o r am ?, e t c . , and. o n ly th e a c tu a l sam pling a r e a o f th e f i l t e r paper should be included and n o t th a t covered by the upper p la s tic rim o f th e c a s s e tte ). Exam ple: ' \ 'V 15 m inutes j . V C j, 1 .5 l i t e r s / a i n . or. 1500 m l./m in . 6 fibers/U O fie ld s - 0.15 fib e r /fie ld K .855 z. `0025 to? - 3^2,000 342,000 x 0.15 1500 1 1 5 . 2.23 fib e rs per ml. o f a i r nrvrr s c -oor r s^ CONSTHOCTIOW P R O D U C T S D IV IS IO N t Base 7 APPENDIX 1 . Add 15 1 . o f d im e th y l p h th a la te t o 15 m l. o f d i e t h y l o x a la te and s t i r th o ro u g h ly to g e t complete rsfyiny (use v e ry c le a n equipment throughout to avoid, co n tan in atlo n ). . . ` 2 . Weigh o u t 1 g . o f M LlU pore AAWP03700 f i l t e r s ( th e s e a r a th e ' same a s th e f i l t e r s u sed to c o lle c t th e d o st sam ples) and 1 p l. a c e th e.s e la -f ar. Balaam " b o ttle ( f i s h e r C a t, Nt o*. 3- 082) , 3 " __ ' - '' . Add 20 m l. o f th e s o lu tio n p recared in Step ( l ) to th e Balsam b o ttle and s t i r th e contents b rie fly , Repeat th e b r ie f a g ita tlo n once a day f o r about th ree o r four days by w hich tim e th e f i l t e r paper v i l l hare dissolved leaving a s lig h tly cloudy s o lu tio n read y f o r u se as th e mounting nsdium . . *. * * Always c o v e r th e Balsam b o t t l e when n o t p re p a rin g o r u sin g ita contents-,' ' * * '* * * - * V 1 f fc Dec. 13, 1977 SC-0011 bZ GRACE Construction Product* Division EROCEDURg FOB TKEM3LITB ANALYSIS OF SCOTT S TOEF BUILDER I . S olu tion lrg o f F e r tiliz e r Coating A 200 g r e p r e s e n ta tiv e sample was b o ile d In Z 1 . w ater f o r 30 m inutes, then f ilt e r e d immediately to avoid a p a r tia l p recip ita tio n o f the f e r t iliz e r . Tbe procedure was re p e a te d s i x tim es, th e n th e s o lid t h a t remained was f i l t e r e d and th e n d rie d i n an oven a t X10C o v ern ig h t, and weighed. I f most o f the- f e r t i l i z e r was not removed, a s o lid cake w i l l form a fte r drying, the so lu tio n in g procedure should be repeated. O therwise, the so lid w ill appear f lu ffy in in d ivid u al grains or small aggregates. . II. Soxhlet Extraction The l a s t tr a c e o f th e f e r t i l i z e r presen t was removed by S oxh let E xtrac tion . : A sample was w eighed c a r e f u l ly .on an a n a ly tic a l b alan ce to decim al p la c e s (approxim ately 12 g by w e ig h t). I t was p laced i n a 33 x 9^ mm Whatman e x tr a c tio n thim ble and th en in a Soxh let E xtractor f i t t e d w ith a 2b/kO 500 ml round-bottom f la s k i n a h eating m antle. 300 ml o f d i s t i l l e d w ater was used f o r e x tr a c tio n , and e x tr a c tio n was c a r r ie d out fo r B hours. D uplicate runs were made. ' When th e e x tr a c tio n was com pleted, the s o lid r e sid u e was dried in the thim ble in an oven , o v e r n ig h t, a t 110"c and weighed. H I. P article Size D istribution ' The s o l i d r e sid u e s from Step n were combined and analyzed fo r par t i c l e s i z e d is t r ib u t io n . S ie v e s used were 3OH, 5CM, 10CM, 20CM and pan. IV. F lo ta tio n o f V erm lcullte The fr a c tio n s from S te p rv were recombined and mixed thorou gh ly. The s o li d (about 20 gram t o t a l ) was then tra n sferred to a 1 1 . beaker to which 600 ml o f water was added, 33ie mixture was a g ita te d by a sp a tu la and allowed to stand for about a minute, then flo a ted . I t was observed th a t a l l th e l i g h t , well-expanded v e rm icu lite w i l l flo a t on top o f the beaker, whereas the p a r tia lly or unexpended vermicu l i t e , rocks and tr e m o lite sank to th e bottom o f th e beaker due to substan t ia l density difference. SC -0011523 GRACE Construction Products Division PROCEDURE FOR TBStOLHE MISSJB OF SCOTT'S TORT BUIUffiE f c o n t.) Cautiont 1t flo ta tio n should be c a rrie d out in the time described; prolonged standing "will cause the vend.culi.te to absorb w ater and sink slow ly. . The veradcrulite was then c o lle c te d i n a Buchner fu n n e l, d rie d in the oven overnig h t and weighed. The s in k p o rtio n was a ls o c o lle c te d in th e same manner. V. Trem oilte A nalysis Die hdavy p a r t i c l e p o rtio n was p u lv e ris e d i n a Spcx m ill u n ti l a l l th e m a te ria l passed 100 mesh screen . Die r e s u lt a n t powder was su b jected to quantitative x-ray analysis.. A c a lib ra tio n curve of trem o lite in a m atrix o f v erm icu lite and asso ciated m inerals up to lyf, trem o lite, vas prepared, based on the d if f r a c tio n peak in t e n s ity a t 20- = 10. 55*. t r i p l i c a t e ru n s were made fo r each . sample. ' ' Die d e te c tio n li m i t o f tre m o lite i n a sample by t h i s technique i s 0.2 Trem olite in th e vexm iculite p o rtio n was analyzed by th e same method. VI. C alculations . - * ( l) Total water solubles = Amount s o lu b iliz e d by + Amount s o lu b iliz e d by water b o ilin g - Step I Soxhlet E xt. - Step I I (2) Total solids Wt. o f sample - v t . o f w ater so lu b le v t . o f sample (3) Tremolite content % of Tremolite in the heavy p a rtic le portion t determined by x-ray method w t. o f heavy p a r tic le wt. o f to t a l sample J + i> o f Trem olite i n the Yerm iculite portion Wt. o f V erm icu llte \ Wt. o f T o tal Samplej SC-0011524 SCHEMAUG DIAGRAMS FOB TREMPLim AHj&rsiS r SCOgP'S TOBP BDIIJER (200 g~> f s o lu b iliz a tio n I e x tra c tio n flo ta tio n overnight oven dried a t nqc .. . . . > weighed x-rayed in trip licate ' > Trecjolite content overnight I oven d rie d . ^ a t l l 06c * Trercolite weighed i* * x-rayed in _trip licate ^ > content