Document 46kx71py7nD5wyZ8aLoaRzDa

Lead Industries Association, Inc. 292 Madison Avenue New York, N. Y. 10017 Telephone: (212) 679-6020 MINUTES OF THE 1971 SPRING MEETING of the ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH COMMITTEE of the LEAD INDUSTRIES ASSOCIATION, INC. April 6, 1971 In accordance with the notice of March 1, 19713 the 1971 Spring Meeting of the LIA Environmental Health Committee was convened at 2 p.m., Tuesday, April 6, at the Drake Hotel, Chicago, Illinois. J. G. Sevick presided and J. F. Cole served as secretary. Those in attendance were: J. G. Sevick (Chairman) T. J. Smith P. S. I. Barry F. Osborne R. C. Bell D. R. Diggs W. M. Pallies H. E. Hesselberg F. Slomba R. Rogers C. Thompson 0. Fremd R. Sugimoto J- C. Calanara W. L. Mann D, H. Beilstein W. C. Zeek / / St. Joe Minerals Corp. American Smelting and Refining Co. Associated Octel Co., Ltd. The Broken Hill Associated Smelters Cominco, Ltd. E. I. du Pont de Nemours & Co. ESB, Inc. Ethyl Corp. Gould, Inc. Hill and Knowlton, Inc. Hill and Knowlton, Inc. Houston Chemical Co. Houston Chemical Co. Nalco Chemical Co. National Lead Co. St. Joe Minerals Corp. C. Tennant Sons & Co. V Staff J. L. Kimberley D. M. Borcina D. Lynsra J. F. Cole LIA LIA LIA-ILZRO LIA-ILZRO LlR-77078 fev-.r- -2- Dr. Cole explained that since the meeting of the LXA Health and Safety Committee in April, 1970, Mr. J. C. Roumns,Director of Health and Safety for LIA, had resigned. Subsequent to his resignation, the decision has "been reached to combine the Environ mental Health activities of both LIA and ILZRO into one department. J. F. Cole was appointed Manager, Environmental Health for the new department. Also, Mr. Donald Lynam, presently working on his Ph. D. degree at the University of Cincinnati'; Kettering Laboratory has accepted the position of Assistant Manager, Environmental Health for the new department, and will join the department on a full time basis in June, 1971* Mr. Lynam was introduced by Dr. Cole. Dr. Cole noted that the management and operations expenses of the new department will be borne equally by LIA and ILZRO. Dr. Cole reminded the Committee that its function is to recommend staff activities, such as publications and industry positions on legislative matters. Another important function is to recommend z-esearch projects to ILZRO. Mr. Hesselberg suggested that since the LIA and ILZRO Environmental Health activities are now combined, that it would be better to have only a single committee meeting instead of separate meeting. Dr. Cole agreed that this would be simpler but noted that the membership of LIA and ILZRO are different and since voting cn research monetary matters is strictly an ILZRO function, it may not be possible to combine the meetings. Dr. Cole agreed to look into methods for reducing duplication, however. I. LIA's Role in Environmental Health--!.- L- Kimberley Mr. Kimberley presented an overview of the past year's activities of LIA in Environ mental Health. The main activity has been, of course, defending the use of lead anti-knock compounds in gasoline. Mr. Kimberley has testified before numerous governmental bodies and Dr. Cole has on one occasion presented the lead industry's point of view on the health questions before the California Air Resources EoarcL. Mr. Kimberley noted that the controversy over lead in gasoline is not yet settled, that LIA will certainly continue to be active in this area. He mentioned that there has been some change on the part of the automobile companies with regard to the poten tial of catalytic mufflers for the control of hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen oxides. At :a recent press conference, officials of General Motors indicated that catalysts will not be available in the near future and that present estimates of the costs of. such systems would be approximately $200 per car. Mr. Kimberley also indicated that the du Pont automobiles, fitted with the thermal reactor, are now being tested by the California Air Resources Board. Brief mention was also made of the activities of LIA. in attempting to educate/ ceramist as to the proper usp of lead in ceramic glazes. It was mentioned that despite LIA's efforts, there was k recent death of a child in Philadelphia who had been drinking large quantities of a grape drink stored in a pitcher which released large quantities of lead. This pitcher was manufactured by a rather large U. S. company. This sad incident demonstrates that LIA's task of educating ceramists is far from complete. Mr. Kimberley indicated that there is now considerable interest in the amounts of lead in food and water. While these areas have not been actively pursued by govern mental officials, there is ample evidence that their interest is growing. It was mentioned that the FDA will soon begin a market-basket survey to determine the quantity of lead in the diet of Americans. Dr. Cole noted that literally thousands of the booklet, "Facts About Lead and Pediatri< LIA- 7 7079 have "been distributed to interested public health professionals and the general public all over the U. S. The resY>r;nse to this booklet has been excellent and at present, LIA is preparing another large printing of this booklet. Mr. Borcina briefly mentioned that LIA is also interested in legislation affecting the use of lead in paints. Recently, a federal lav vac passed limiting the use of lea in paint on residential structures built with federal funds. This has spurred va is states to introduce legislation in the field. LIA has not testified or. any of ' .ese bills, preferring to allow the Rational Paint, Varnish and Laquer Associs"..len to present the case. A recent bill in Illinois would eliminate the use of more than 1$ lead for exterior paints. The Rational Paint, Varnish and Laquer Association sup ports a modification of the bill which would allow the use of up to 5a> lead for ex terior paints including paints to be used on porches. LIA disagrees with this and will not support a modification of the hill which would allow paint containing more than 1$ lead to be used in any area where children might be able to eat the paint. A brief discussion followed, touching on several current items of interest. Hr. Hesselberg commented that the recently released report of the U. S. Department of Commerce Panel on Lead in Gasoline made a point of attempting to discredit work done by the U. S. Bureau of Mines on the effect of the use of lead free gasolines in increasing photochemical smog. Since this has been a major argument for the continued use of leaded fuels, this is expected to have a detrimental effect on the lead industry. It was mentioned that there is now an attempt to repeat the U. 3. Bureau of Mines study in Irvine, California. However, there are at this time, no results because of experimental problems. Dr. Calandra asked if there v.-is any definitive information on the lead tax. Dr. Diggs mentioned that there is now a collaboration between the Environments! Protect 1 :.r. Agency and the XJ. S. Treasury Department to gather information necessary to schecu.i t lead restrictions. It was mentioned that in addition to the proposed lead tax, tnnrc is also now proposed a tax cn the sulphur content of fuels. (See enclosed copy of the President's 1971 Environmental Program--Rote especially page k). Mr. Thompson noted that the govarment is taking a new position on the lead tax now emphasizing the environmental aspects, whereas last year the revenue aspects of the tax were emphasized. Mr. Resselherg mentioned that Bonner and Moore are conducting a survey to establish the economic impact of the elimination of lead from gasoline. He alerted LIA that it might he contacted by Bonner and Moore. Mr. Hesselberg also reported on the present status of the California legislation to phase out lead from gasoline in that State. This 3bill, known as Assembly Bill 339; has now passed the X'oviiittee responsible for it in the California Assembly, and has gone to the full Ansr sly for consideration. Mr. Hesselberg predicted that the bill would most likely pa: the Assembly. However, to become lav, it must pass the California Senate wh; ,e it was defeated last year. II. Impact of Federal Regulations on the Lead Industry--C. Thompson LIA-77080 Mr. Thompson of Hill and Know!ton reported briefly on three new acts which will have an effect on the lead industry. These were: (l) The Occupational Safety and Health Act, (2) The Amendment to the Clean Air Act, and (3) the enforcement of the Refuse Act of 1899; affecting water quality. Mr. Thompson noted that it was difficult to predici the impact that these laws might have on the lead industries but that certahnl they would be felt. Mr. Thompson also pointed out that with the formation of the new Environmental Protection Agency, there is likely to be a more legalistic appror : to the environment. In other words, the ERA is not looking so much toward polintio: abatement, but rather, to strict law enforcement. III. State Air Quality Standards Tor Leod--D. Borclna Mr. Borcina reported that LIA is currently acc\imulating all the air jjollution lavs of the various stater, and will, in the near future, publish a compilation of them. At present, there are very few states which actually have an air quality standard for lead. The most recent state to adopt such a standard was California. This occurred in November, 1970. The standard adopted was 1.5 ug/sP on a 30-day average. IV. New Tentative Threshold Limit Value for Lead Dr. Cole announced that the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists,. Threshold Limit Value Commit',.:-.;, has recently listed a new TLV for lead as 0.15 mg/mi. This is a reduction from the previous TLV of 0.2 mg/nP. This change will go on the tentative list for a period of time, and the industry will have an opportunity to submit data if it feels that the new value is incorrect. There was some discussion as to whether LIA should atie ,.pt to have the TLV changed to its previous level and it was finally decided that Mu Lynam would obtain a copy of the new Documentation for the new TLV- Further, it was decided that upon reviewing the TLV, LIA would take a stand on the new tentative TLV for lead. (Mr. Lynann has obtained a copy of the new Documentation and it is enclosed with this report). V. Activities of the Battery Cornell International in Water Pollution--W. Mann Mann reported that the Battery Council International had obtained a proposal from the Illinois Institute of Technology Research Institute (lITRl) to perform an engine evaluation'of the control techniques for controlling lead effluent from battery plants . He also mentioned that IL"T:0 has also received a proposal from the same organization to study the effect55 of lead, zinc and cadmium on secondary sewage treatment plants. It was proposed that ILZRO join the BCI in supporting this program. Further, Mr. Mann noted that cr.cc the prc-g;ram was underway, there is a good possibility that the Federal Veter Quality Administration will join in financing this project. Dr. Cole noted that ILZ-RO would consider joining the BCI in supporting this proposal at the ILZRO Lead Environmental Health Committee meeting on April 7- VI. Blood and Urine Lead Analysis, LIA Laboratory Accreditation--.!. F. Cole Dr. Cole noted that in the past, the LIA has attempted to endorse an LIA laboratory. At certain times in the past, the ASARCO laboratory' in Salt Lake City and the E5B laboratory in Philadelphia have been considered. Unfortunately, because of corporate policies and potential legal Oefficulties, the establishment of an LIA laboratory has never been achieved. Dr. Cole suggested that for the purpose of compiliu's a list of recommended/ analytical laboratories, LIA may wish to accredit any la''-.-ratory meeting its standards for blood and urine lead analyses. There were severe ;f jecticr.s to this proposal since many of the Committee members felt that LIA would be ; cuing itself up to potential .legal problems. Mr. Smith noted that ASARCO is cum --.tip looking into the legal ramifications of opening a commercial laboratory for .e purpose of doing blood and urine lead analyses and that he would report tc I.'.* the findings of the ASARCO lawyers. It was agreed that this matter would he tab?;. pending the report from ASARCO. VII. Suggestions from Members LIA-77081 Mr. Hesselberg recommended strongly that LIA immediately undertake a complete literatu: survey of information dealing with the childhood lead poisoning problem. This was In response: to the obvious intentions of the EPA to devote increased attention to this problem in the .Lm-ir/j into i'utvirc. While several poLntial contractors were dis cussed , it was agreed id.;. Hi z i and J'nowlton would take on this job and have a pro- liminary report, by May 1. Mr. Borcina agreed that he would offer Hill and Knowlton'r services for this task. VIII. Election of a Chairman for IQ71-72 Since he has been chairman for a considerable length of time, Mr. Sevick asked that a new chairman be elected. Mr. Donald Beilstcin nominated Mr. William Dallies, whereupon the nominations were closed and Mr. Dallies was unanimously elected as chairman for 1971-72. There being no further business to come before the committee, the meeting was ad journed at U:CO p.m. April 20, 1971 / lIR_77082 THE PRESIDENTS 1971 ENVIRONMENTAL PROGRAM A jj :i ,1 Controlling Pollution BOOK QF\'E CF A THREE-PART SERIES is / I1 o! j REFORM FOR THE 70's RENEWAL ) i :i \ii i: Ii \ j ii LIA-77083 N 799.01 C J'JNCSL ON ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY 722 JACKSON PLACE, NW. WASHINGTON, D.C. 20CGG Dear Sir: On behalf of the President, I am sending you this booklet on the Adminis tration's 1971 Environmental Quairiy proposals. Enhancing the qualify of the environment is one of six goals the President set forth in his January State of the Union Message, and was the subject of a major message to Congress of February 3, 1971. That message outlined a ccmcmhensivs <:".;ck on the Nation's chief en vironmental problems. It dealt with three major categories; she. ,Aliening pollu tion control programs, applying measures to control emerging problems, and promoting environmental quality in our land use decisions. To implement the program, the Pro. I. at has. submitted to Congress 15 bills and is recommending three new piecss of tax legislation. Tiie proposals discussed in this, the first o t three booklets, cover the cate gory of strengthening pollution control programs. These proposals include an incentive- charge or. sulfur oxide emissions, a tax on lead in gasoline, a $12 billion nationwide waste treatment financing program, tightened water pollution standards and enforcement, and a revamping of our pesticides law to control use cf these materials. We hope this booklet will be helpful to you in understanding the problems and our proposed solution:-. In the near future, you vVill be receiving two addi tional mailings deeding wit.i the land use and the emerging problems portions of the President's Environmental Message. Among matters covered in these booklets will be a National hand Use Policy, a nc-w parks to the people program, strip mining, pov/erplant siting, measures to control noise, ocean dumping, and toxic substances. ' These legislative proposM:- will noi of themselves enhance the quality of the environment. Ultimately, i; will require the broad participation of all the American people, including the Stale and local governments that serve them, if wo are to be successful, and this participation is only possible v/hen the cit izenry is well informed. In his February Environmental Message to Congress, President Mixon called upon all Americans "to dedicate themselves to the goal of restoring the environ ment and reclaiming the earth mr ourselvc-s and our posterity. . . . Together, we held this good earth in tru.;:. We must--and together we can--prove our selves worthy of that trust." Sincerely, RUSSELL E. TRAIN Chairman March 2, 3 971 / LIA-77085 I ij I ; * ii i; !i i li i.i . !i ;; i ; CO NTl AIR POLLUTION: SULFUR OXIDE'l EMISSIONS CHARGES AIR POLLUTION: TAX Oh ,.EAD IN GASOLINE WATER QUALITY: f4Ui\ PUPAL WASTES WATER :TY: RTAM' :\RDS ANA TNrORCTULUvT PESTiC'.DEU Page 1 4 5 7 10 LIA-77036 energy supplies. Thi: two measures--the sulfur oxides emissions charge and expand-.::' environmental programs--should provide both the incentive for abatement and the moans for doing so. llil'. rp- r r . ; * w _ ... ft i. V-.- . TAX Cal L-dd;W d If: Problem Air pollution from eo': :biles is dearly one cf cur major environments! p. ?!;' .ms. fhe .- nog that was originally considered to be a Southern Call fornla p, rbiem is now becoming a national phenomenon. Lead in gas hr o odds '.. dm autoirwtlvs air pollution problem in two ways. First, Iead forte .mo of the major omission control systems now being b rr.wb.; ..rrf the 1975 air qualify standards. Second, lead it-re;f is r dwd. Over 95 percent of the iota1 lead emitted into b. T te . : : ; b'ffbj, ; : m:jT . . - w ;. . bp;:. te. : - . Lead parti ' -. cor r r r ' d -. 'eng- con be r,r' drr:' red absorbed in dm b!v urban the margin of safety between hr. lev:' . W i ! . , ,m w arm levels or which he :! poisoning syrqstww riM. .i-.wj o-pr.-. ' did arc growing smeller. White no clear case has i;wen four. iead poisonwr from automebite emissions, Uvvs is ample ream ..r concern. The Clean Air Amend mv h 1970 authorize control of lead levels in ,, .ccline. However, a nan is not feasib'p because over one-half of the vehicles now on " road require 'ugh octane gaso line vbiph, in general, can only L .hleved'bsing lead additives. The Fed alfeovowmom can one! will are that untended gasoline be av.v ible, bn!, it cannot assure Uud - wple will buy it. Since the cost of lew-lead or nonMcioc' gasoline is Wghor, there is little incentive for car owners to purchase it. In '' orient low-load or nonieaded gasoline is :i.' selling well. LIA-77087 I.UAjV4l4' The President's Proposal The President is again proposing a special tax on lead additives in gasoline. The tax would allow consumers to buy the low or un leaded fuels at no price disadvantage over leaded gasolines, and hence creates an economic incentive for refiners to produce more low or unleaded gasoline. This special charge would help to bring about, at reasonable costs, the gradual transition to use of unleaded gasoline, which is essential to reduce lead emissions and to meet the other emission control standards scheduled to come into effect for the 1975 automobiles. WATER QUALITY: MUNICIPAL WASTES -at The Problem Despite considerable Federal assistance to States and munici palities for waste treatment over the last 15 years, our requirements have far outpaced actual construction. In addition to the difficulties of obtaining local financing, Federal appropriations for constructing municipal treatment plants have totaled only about one-third of the funds authorized since the passage of the Clean Water Restoration Act of 1966. Not until 1970 did Federal funding increase signifi cantly--to $800 million from $214 million in 1969. For 1971, the Congress appropriated $1 billion, a figure consistent with the Presi dent's request for $1 billion per year over a 4-year period to provide the Federal share of a $10 biilion program, which represented the best estimate of needs at that time. As a result of past levels of construction, only 40 percent of the Nation's treatment systems are adequate as shown below: Since last year's proposal, the Environmental Protection Agency has canvassed most major municipalities to develop the best esti mate possible of sewage treatment needs. That study indicated a need for a $12 billion national program, which would include a $6 billion Federal share over the next 3 years. LlA-77088