Document 44N3E3KyD8Dv793N5JvoEO7Ja

3 Miiitfy y J i 4-~ iM. >* i U 4 IrtkaicJ rrport om a tomprrhrmooo jnru)){M c*raad out * BaatUt MrmonJ toudatr audit tit Ipoutortiap af tha Amancam Irvm aud Star! ImiMMo om pnaatmo priott fat ratioad uraamal mrmhrrt m tttu! iM( nwlrtom. It m ia*i tomp**in mainan ntmaota dam am mj typat of fa& compotdioma. Tkathar you an coattratd anti lUljprtrfu protlam at anti tho jtrurral proktaaa of protrctaat atari larfata rfarntt rati, WO to- litrr ibu rrport mall prora palpatio. ^ AddaiarnJ o-fm of lAif rrport may tr ohahtd mdtoat ftarga from ita trad lodotlnri Auonatom, 430 Lextmftoo Art., flour York 17, Nr* York s' m . 5. -- LIA07871 1 ***** W h+* ** m fW Cm*J Wiaif W 4#> m w w w imm. 0 mv ri. m* iJgi mi A STUDY OF PAINTS FOR ENCLOSED STRUCTURAL MEMBERS IN STEEL HOUSING CONSTRUCTION *t H A h mi Lttoui lacradacrioa N renal yeses, nlwd iiainm of corrosion tfnlna I mulntif Iron anJnutica of noimK becaeca die mmriar Mid ramac walk af dwelling houses mrmmcud from eel ban nmd considerable amotion tad iuauta. When CDodraaMno occurs to a mficimt dept*. damage a da rinftil peuprtTici ot die atrucrure may mult. No Hrfinia Maun are aTuUWr id indicate how widespread the peohlf it hue then a ao douhe due acnictural memben aw* bemad lor (lamroti protection. and chat costing ayHems vary ia cheat tdulirtnta he dua purpose. Thr present imcscifaciua uf paint ipam fee the |li--law J cd werl waa uivV-rtAm M pan of die research program ioa- tiaNd by die Technical Committee oa Prottetisc ai Ammeu Iroa and Sml Imutuce. lea primary objecthrc * to nraluaar pnsot coatings by laboratory testing under co- TvtxunmcjJ cemdoiona, umulatmg those which may be CO- Countered during thr tile oi anl housing mm. Thr conditiona which bring about the deterioration of paint films and thr corroaioo of coated Keel ia the term under din- raua arc tomewhar diderenr from dioar ordmanly rarrua end. ft it cuncerrahle, ia fact, it haa been observed diet, wdu certam condaiona of climate and design. atrucTural memben y be mbpiled m cootumout immersion in want. They may t mmm m k '< I rp' % LIA07872 . u, J>--ra, .: wmm be subfe-cird 10 contact widi insulation in die pretence of wear, b moisture condensation diet it oonbnuou* over tinn.fad periods of tunc, to periodic wet-dry conditions, end lo m Mvtronmrm of high humidity M relatively high temperatures. The usually important effect of ultraviolet light on the da tenor*!*>o of organic coatings is entirely abac in this am. involving only enclosed members. Further, the criteria used for evaluating deterioration in a* nrctian with this type of service arc, in some respects, unique. The appearance of the coating is of no importance whatever, la exclusive function ie u> protea die atari from aeration and consequent lorn in length. Dittontiniiitict in die prattwieu him are inevitable because of die damage resulting from han dling subsequent to painting. The behavior of both hint and steel in areaa where the him is damaged mm be oosiatJetud in the evaluation of paint systems. Some M kinds of pamt tyrtrma have been nudioL Moot of them are fairly well known and established tynrtna, although few arc of more ractnt development. Moat were of the tinglecoat, air-dry type. Coated panda were subjected B at least one or more of the following seta: (I) conrinuout immersion in aster. (2) contact with air at high humidity, (3) etmbmtom condmsatmn, (4) alcrmaac wet-dry coodidana, and (3) com Muna contact with msulasen m the presence of wawr. Them Mt were intended m simulate both ltvete and moderase crmdi bom of srrvicr and should farm a basis far valid < between die rifcaivenes* of die coating tyttema studied. Of dir enensive literature (dating to die ptcmrdvtnrti of pamt fclma, dime consadrrrd so be mosr deectly rrlsnd to dm pmmt frnf.lt m tre Itutd at the end of this paper. Faint Systems Studied Table I contains the drtasls, with respect to paint i boo and coating data, far die paint tynetm which have I appled so Keel panels for study. All systems were cured by sir drying, with the reception of L VC N, and Ob which ' baked, and all comprised one cost of taacnbaUy ane-md i mum thickness acepe for the following; System Ft--one coat, two-md thickness System F two coats, each one-mil thickness S 1 LIAO 7873 f Sj w im Mi, Hi, and H--6tfr, ten-, and (jfnvn mil thickness, rupwiwl|f Sjncna O, Os tod Q--two costa, rad) V) null dacW EXraUMZNTAL TeStPmOefa The ant panels lor coating purposes aim pnpml Irani W> gage (0.037) in.) cold rolled dicct imd arith a Carnegir Na ) Inafc. Qmnicml analysis of this material indr--d C 0.01 per erne. Mo--0.29 per cent. P--006 per cent, S--0028 par cent, S--0.001 per cent, and G--OO) per cent. The panda am spprosimstrly lour bp sea inches in sue and all edges and corners aicrc tmoorii and uniformly rounded. Preparation at Panels lor Orating Panels am prepared lor coating by Procedure "A", Clean ing, outlined in the 194) AS IM Bock ol Standards, Part 1, pagr 192. It ronsiwrd essentially oi raptm ilrgrraiing (OS chlarocthylcnr) until the panrls ihooed no aaeer break arhen immersed in distilled tester. The panels were then isacicraad bet isopropyl alcohol, removed. and allouud In dry at an proaunasrly 1 )0 F. They tin then either pamerd ianaiiialist Ip or atotad at a desiccator pendug eoao^. Procadura for Coating Te* Panda Preliminary invesngatwo inilramd that the man standard and rrfmluriMc method for applying a utularm pus msnng (of the thickness drum!) to tesc pane] aria by a mnernHad dipping preyedlire. Considerable replaraaory work was done m determine the neeswary adfuscmrao in paint eiarmitiev and ariihdraaral ralta which would result in uiulorm among thichnesa, not only upon individual panrls but from panel to panel fee each paint system. It was net rusty in tome cases to decrease hr Tismsiry of the paint by the addition of a suitable totscM, while m other* the viscosity was inavaaed to the desiead value by evaporation of the volatile matrriel The procedure need lor coating thr Star panrls con--d essentially ot the lulloa I  .1m n w m w w w . LIA0?874 1 .Vjy, Pftiot TABU 1 Mkd Offtifl0 Dm *: lip p y iiiy p tin I P 'I P 1" , it l + 9 i I amtut TABU 1 (CONTINUED) | Nm NmI - | M-- t ** * i fMtM# T(HnM*^f TCwmrf Gir<tMfMMa '<5, &is >-r-- a IM i l K K taiiAb A* Ary cfcMM/jimlfc m4 {awadi u 1 arf*aA boM WI|n* a *......a a a VxMtu-v-i; a ii im S CAalll IMI* l l O U4n AAA* AuJi/AM Iwlil * * 99 ffmtxfut >4<-- hwM 1 <!*----, u#.) 4n1.9 M 9J AAWmmmI (Mimo n -LIi Mm*Mniil*Imihami i Nu Ui mI)Ml WTm*InI , (UB Im**i XaJj U> HiM|M4k AA|4iAi M 4J-X nW 4 ana NTimUmP i|>M 04 its Tim P 444 M A*lMi A.*y lmm.1 mi *dk 10* Am** CU< IMf* 49 M It t99 - Ifc Am** ff 1 B*fHvW 109 Armk*u** M<** * M 99 199 a > ii Mu a* a* ! *<*< 199 Am** Gimmm Um#4* 49 19 99 199 rnm rnm m m 3 I LIA07877 3 LIA07878 .,-w-.v3awy'-. W-A- v>r, y.- - v M* ii TABU I (CONTINUED) MIM as as l Z>MAIMIk. r. te lailil *at a It# *>-?_____________i______________ ^______________ _________ aa a Za^U Imb m4i Um*XX* M Chfaal MM al t$ M a aaal faa m M M im IM A44 afl * Z* 4m 23 * M*i MM MT m. VWm* to wiiai Mfmmm M VMWm '?)! . (W4 NM a) : 1 M. 7 M. M laaaaaMaJb OmmJI *i*M Wlk amor* ry. 1aaaa. I mi *M M laAb aaa4t/ar* IM1 la. at rMT< rj. labial *M O bitaM/aql Aaby M UM Iaaaa. aaa aaaa a*r--a>4 aaaaaaiaaa. 44 1#M --4i Zi Amw Z*AU)I 17 laaaa aajia laanbUn 4* I# IM M M m VathM IWT-I) YM^ODa^aaa Sniaal MJ w it-r a in mw IM IM M OnallMM Maiarifas M li >1 UnalMHal MaM^aa IM M M IM ** rttZ? "ZZL, ,, Mmt Um+mh IM-- I4J DUmm to *4*W totoM mmi 11par**** mCT*"*"- U Immh mI 144 IM 773 ail>aaaTCN Ht*H aafcaa^ Waw tOM 1*4 14 MJ ValaaOa W aataaaa. 33J 4aaaaatVaLlNa4U <Wllaaaa. MVX Wt.: THm ml Vml <Nb 4M <**> 1 M. II IK. *b> *! 4f i X4 pm mm AMW4Wwia 4 pMr Im 14 TW fM VT*t to mm ti/w* a#** 1T I MB WiM W4l V 4 Ml w W W <W 1 -- AM-l/twWM AIM mmk# rnmmfk IMM. ****** 4ft Wh VM NVHkffi: 17# pm c m Vilk4fW of); 2? X AMUVM.kaaa.43M aaa aaaa Vac (Ha 4 F--4 <a#)l3m. IM IM 9 i LI A07579 / ;. --------------------------- -- r-- > --.... 0 TABU t (OONTINUBD)-------------------- ------------------------------------------- -- s zzi fcr *p-- <____________ Pm tawfe 2: 21 **to ____________ 1 Q. Aa An M* ttmm/tti *M haM laaAAaft lOaa mint. 9 UW/M|<| Ak*r |*ay*it|l 1 ItdHMAln Aailf --^CWQ, f tWlMlZaaaaSa Aa*r l. 1 ftp ! / *M V Z iSwaia.aM A*Ary aaMZaan*/ <M miw<mhi-- (API) It) Wpmmm) IM 3ml * HallaA V^Pmm (VM) IM Iw m(M ^ T HVQ M M IN *PMMnrw(AM) J MM (rtmmmi IM 1 aaa, 1 b 4 tap* 44? I* it mm,m Im4 Im.I>I Mat kU MM Zb m* PkdMMi laa,lal *M UT Zb Amm %mmm+ Za4i IS* 21 m im 12 ) IN 7 41 12 14 IM 7'.5 VMmVACM MatiPTi aa*ai|l Uaaaa TAaa IM M M.I AM: N-VJC W at: 4SM pm mm. Vat (NalM <M)i 1 W-t n wl XL 1*7 Inari IM -2 IM Om* CWF4I 4* * MM (AIM). T-2: N VJC b* *. JM IM 9)l 4 MB. TTJ VMmVWN M inliilllnii TM IM M MJ 174 IM AM: M.VJi. M at: ASM M> <mc Vk . (Ma 1 AM *): Hf mt. >U lijMORV f\r.l r<lf -- M ISA IM ,Ao4N* IMIk* WiHili. WYMIt Vac tN* 77 ml MS AMUTfaaa Mllliilrfl IM IM Ar^NrDAMi y*i*ih44f --t. kVM kfvi ailps o n Yk . <N*4M cap) : M Ml 4M AMMn m U(Unil) IM AnJ tfiAS Ml .. ML Vat INaAtai 9 i 1 i: IS...-- 0 .it 5 i After adjuaoncnr of At viscosity of the coating material ia question, the pencil were lowered into the paint and removed by meant of Faba-Payae dip cooler a a withdrawal rate of one inch per minuet. The painted panel* were then either dried in a conttani-temperature and constant-humidity room (78 F and 50 pa cent relative humidity) foe at Icatt (heat weds before being aubyeu to test or baked. M in the cate of URN. and CX EXiricg actual dipping the vhcoairy of each paint wat rechcried. afta coating five wtt panda, and readjutted if necetaary. Each panel wat weighed prior m coating and itweightd afta drying, in arda to drttrminc the weight of film applied to the ten pend. The above-dttcribed dipping procaduta waa ariliied in pew paring panda of all paint tyvermt, with the eaception of Ha, H. and H*. In thete cates, it waa necraary to apply the paint by ipraying in order to obtain film rhiduirtart of 5, 10, and 15 mala. Pends Prepared and Film Thick nrmaa To insure an adequate supply for tea purposes and to pro vide a tufhornt oumba from which the moat nifecaa, wide respen to him thtcicncw, could be adectcd. 30 an 60 panda were prepared far each tyacm bated in Table I. The actual thicinca of the dried paint film (eitfaa air dried for 3 weeks at baited) on each panel waa aataautnd by means at a General Electric Type "A" thickness gage. Ufatag mems of hint thickness were made it aia different location* on each tide of each coated panel. Film-thidtneat range and aver age film-thicknesi data, together with the weight of the dried 61m for individual pencil, arc included wah the corrosion M data deterdied lata. Test Procedures and fteulm The ms were conducted on triplicate panda far each coating tyvtrtn, two panda in the at-punted condition and one in tentionally damaged before exposure. Damaging of 'the paint film was accomplahcd at follows: The pand was placed on machine shop writer grinda and a tcnach ground hngthwita through the peon film to the baa metaL The width of da U mmm mamma 9 LIA07883 1 . *w , - '^ , . '" tcratdi far each panel wm maintained a 1/16 inch, tad dm depth i controlled to at d nraur the bate wm! with da lea* pOMiblr loat of metal. Prior to rrpoaure, the edge* at rack (or prod wrre aSorded additional protmioa by matting I Several cracria wo* wed to rax tbr coating tyatma far each tea condition; (I) the tune to da appearance ot dm hat blister, (2) bloter tia tod per ctot at area covered, ()) ap t L. pearance ot bare natal after removal at petal Aba, (4) weight r. lore of natal, and (5) dtgttt of undercutting (under film at tack ) ot paint film and penetration inan baac natal tc damaged tooe. It wa* otatvenient to record da aoar typical blatcr aim by referent* to da ASTM photographic ttaadarda (ASTM Designation D7I4-4S, hi. 11. page 1171. 1946). For biaaer aim designation* wed, a Na 10 indicatet no bliacring, a Na S tmall bloter* (pin poua), a No. 6 tonawhm larger, and an oa to Na 0, which indicate! da pretence ot very large hiiff*. In many cue! a coating tyttrm may contain an awmnana ot blitter lima, which fact ia indicated in da rataland data. I r. For moat ot the paint tymema, da panel, afar tearing, wm i nripped of paint in a ten per cent KOH tolurion M 100 P and da underlying mat (if any) wat removed by cathodic treat nanr io a tea per cent aodiom cyanide (otarion at loom Gaainttotta Partial Immmioa Tmm in DittiUad Vaam In da conrinuow imnanlon too, panelt were held vertically ia a Incite block containing tunable groom. The aaembiy at pencil aod Lucaa block wat placid at da bottom ot a 9-lnrr Pyre* glen battery jar and diacilkd water wm added until the panel* were SO per rent immened. Conttam-atmptmturt water hatht were wed to maintain da battery ian at 100 P. Under the cooditiona of the arc, da upper portion of da pawl wat rxpoacd to moor air at uarnctally 100 per cent relative humidity, whereat da lower half it in cotninuow contact with dwelled water a' 100 P. Evaporation loaaca were regularly made up with dorillcd water. Each farmularion wm wand in a aperaa vote! aod, aa previoualy Mated, in triplicate. The coating on one panel wm damaged and on da odar ram II momarnm (. 3 '^ iTin T-fr~~ir - m i r nr tor ji TABU 2 CMtii| ud Biintr D*ta for Piitnd futb Expottd to Pvtiil lutmioa io DuuLWd Wiw h lOOt for )000 Ho u r 22 A c D 1 V. f. * 6 U^m N-* o " N Cmm WJt* iM) > 1 1 1 1 70*10 r-j* r>t i 1 1 49J9* *911 14-29 ll-M1 ll-U 1-21 Jt-n* ?AII *A2> ?9*o* H-41 H-tl 1 1 1 2 2 2 IM4 Mf MX* 4-J| 4929 t Am TWfcM nJlf 1 t^ Mi i.iiiit I.IM-21 IJVI.lt IJVI.lt mv mo I4VIJI IJVI.Il IJAI.lt IJVI.lt t.t'l.tt 1.IVI.lt UMJ9 IJII.* IJAt 42 IJAI42 UVIJt I.IAI.II I.IAIJt l'V2*t 1-VJtl LT+IM 2AUM UVtM I'VJJt IJAI.4* IJAI.lt Mint it IJ9 119 IJ4 tJ9 ut Ml ut US M2 MT ut IJT III ut MS ut Ml Ml Mt ir% 1U im urn Mt lit IJ1 Cmm Ml W >42 Ml 2.U Mt 4J2 417 417 1.17 4M Ml III US Mt 2.19 211 214 419 44 419 149 2.S9 24) 299 2J9 it TWfe Nm tit 991 991 49*91 49-91 4991 1299 1209 1209 4S| 411 49-91 2S9 2S9 m 91 91 91 109 91 nt ti 91 too ti 91 ft < 1 i 1 I IMNb MNb IMHa NKmAm Oo t NKmImAv MKm4n Wkmm PtKsmUmm IlKMjfll tm i-m to 9 it 19 9 w 19 9 it M 71 2-7 9-9 71 U 9-9 71 VI 19 9 It 19 9 It 19 9 It 19 9 9 19 9 9 1 49 19 9 19 9 9 19 9 9 19 M 94 19 M 19 M 99 29 M All 29 M 19 9 M 99 29 29 MI 44 29 M 9 29 44 9 29 49 9 29 49 9 49 9 49 9 49 71 24 U 29 71 24 9 19 9 19 9 19 i 74 i 74 i 99 19 *4 2S ?4 2S 44 MM S9 7-1 19 >1 19 M 19 M MM 19 VI 19 I 19 31 4? 29 47 29 47 29 M 29 2) 29 M -i 71 71 9 IM 9 IN 9 IN 71 H 71 14 71 H 71 71 71 9 119 9 119 9 199 9 9f 9M 9 *4 1 99 t 99 1 44 1 1 i 19 44 19 99 21 44 71 99 too n 44 71 49 199 44 21 99 21 99 19 99 19 94 19 94 71 n 71 19 1 t i I 199 M 1 TS 1 too 19 i 71 1 109 19 21 19 VI 19 2 M 19 2 19 2-1 71 TS --' 1 1 71 _ 1 TJ | n1 71 1 199 109 lot 109 199 >00 19 4 109 24 too 19 *4 M 24 19 44 im 74 119 r'- i I . Jr... _ LIA07885 TABLE 2 (CONTINUED) Twr mmm IM MWIW* m 0N* wrn Mm IW a It ta Mi | t M M O Q JMWm M(MaIMl M* NmO- Hmm Ol* 9*00-414 fn i1l1il9l* W1-141 HI* 9-19 *MM-l1l44* i11111t 1 1 1 1i 1 1 109-1 It llooro-iU1I9 4004*4 9 004JO 9900.9I0000---1411111J.4999444 14 90-1*00 I9oo-r oo 1400-1700 1 19-10 1.19-10 h119i 4IJ.444 9J4 VM iM1*40Jl*40 14-10 1U9144 IJ9 1100 04a91--4794n124 4t17i I1M9 9*7 IM* 2.19 2.19 1404 MM _ *01 a2o1-*174* 2.^4 jr 219* 2J49 27111*4** 92999M0M4*O71I * J*l** 2100904 1 I1111 111I > i 22 2 2 1.19-104 f11.JJ1OO9--11-1.99094 41IJ9J99O*--1II4.91449 1JO-1 94 II1tJJO0O-II-I11*44 100109 11t1JJW0OO-1!l140444944 I11111J9000044 1 99 1i1u1000* 10 U1 1J* 111 2-11 29-0*49 294 20 2.19 241 294 2J4 21409 t111o000t 139 1I*M01 IM44 122 0 44 44 IIIMMM44 IIIMMM 4m -Zzi? hm fNCwMi Mm M^mAmi tr ***** *s=sr 1144 14 4 14 M4 14 4 4 4 4 *-i* 4*414* 1i1 * 9 9 111 1 9 1ii 14 14 14 4 14 4 14 14 4 14 4 14 14 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 4 14 14 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 4 4 M14 14 14 14 4 14 14 4 >4 4 14 4 14 4 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 4 4 * 4444 44 14 94 2 71 44 449 9 44 i M * 14 44 14 44 94 94 2 79 2 79 19 1 4 1 i 4 i 9 9 7 It 7 14 7 14 M 4 94 4 94 4 71 79 4 79 0 0 9414 i t T 14 T 14 * 04 9 T 14 * i 94 > > 94 i 79 1 79 9n 29 M7 29 0 M7 7 70 * 94 9 94 > > n 79 t 2 7 7 * 94 n 2 94 t 1 i 7 7 i * 7 7 9 * - 454 r i 1 7 i 7 * 4 9 4 9 1 14 0 7 * 4 21 4 21 1 0 0 0 0 * 7? 14 14 21 > 4 4 4 4 29 mmmm 3 i 'PJl'lMWu' TABU 2 (CONTTNUID) mrnrnt < 9mm *W* tw NMabil **of" ^TWtoaiij^ AMir*s. Tteft INIft -- bm mtkB H<OT Mb bm hfCwAai Mbmi MOT Ite NNMb few NKmAm bm XgmAm ft 22 x* 1 IX IJI 4|ft Ift jm 1 I.IO-IJO Ml 1.74 4X Ift Uft 1 1JMX IX IX 41ft Ift fffttt ft ft 1 iI 4 1 1 1 7X 7X tX i 29 i 21 i 1 jjcrt* 1 I.1VI41 IX >14 nit MM 1 1JO>I40 IJO-IX IX IX Ml Ul M 14 14 7 7a 7 29 i 14 4 74 1 14 | 71 4 71 1 71 i 71 > 71 i 71 iX i 99 w T 20M* 1 IXIJft 19 2X 14 7 21 1 M 1 71 i 71 i 44 M>0*7t I 1X0*1 I* IX 2X 1 tvix IX 2ft4 X 14 7n 7n 1 74 1X 1 71 1 71 i 71 i 71 iX i 99 UW 9M9 )U9 i l.lftl X I.XlJft I.IVIJ9 U9 244 U7 241 127 2X M 14 14 >X 7X *X 1n 1 71 > 71 2 71 i7 71 71 i 14 iX ix i 99 ft 144 Xft V )* yrn 1217 1 I.XIJft 1.14 IX Iftl-llft IX 14 IXIil Uft in X X X 7 7% 7 1% 7 1% 4X 4X ft X 4P X 4 14 4 14 4M 4X 4 4X 4X 4 14 ; w Ml** 1 lftftl.ll IX IX 44 7 Mlt 1 iftfti.ia IX IX 44 7 5>0> i .ifti.it 1.12 141 X 7 X MM* MM M)l IftftlX IX 2X X2 Ift IftftlX 1.12 247 Ml Ift IA-IJ) 1.14 2X W Ift 9 9 7 4 4 4 X X X X X Ifrrrt 1 29 r 21 i 21 t t rr r 1 1 i ft fftt 29 29 H rr rr if 1 1 > 4 4 4 29 21 29 w w w X 2>*l* ilM 2JX Iftlll IX 412 144 X 1 IVI.M IX Ift IX 1ft IJftIM IJ7 IM IX X ft ft 7 21 7n 7 21 4ft 14 X 14 X X 4 "> 4X fftt X 14 im Mil* V4*4 )*l MftlX I XI JO 1.14 1 14 22.7X2 IX IX X X IXIJft 1.14 2.'2 IX X fftt ft f4t ft 9 9 i r 33 4 29 4a 4 -29 4 29 4 29 4a 4 *9 4 2) i K Mil* MU MX 1 100102 Iftftlftl 100-102 IX 2.97 IX 2 X IX 2X X X X ft Ift ft X ft Ift ft X X ft X ft X ft X ft X fffttt i Y f -- i i LIA07888 . -iiirr trim Tabic 2 cwwaina coating and bliaarr dam far 34 paint ayttcint mud under drear coodmona. Speenre A through I were uaud over a different calendar period than die otbert and Syatrtns D, G, E, and I were (eared during both exposure periodi far control and companioo purposes. Time to fate btiater it recorded together with degree. ut, and extent ol blruering far the indicaeid expoaure anna op as 3000 boom Photographs o< the painted panda (damaged), alter 3000 hour* exposure far reartnially all of the paint ij n> ma. at* thown in Ftp. I. 2. 3. and 4. Systems Ha (3 mbs) and Ha (10 radt) are not ihown, ana drey had the tame appearance aa H* <13 mtU) and 0> area not mud in the Jarrregtd condition. If can he arm from the photographs that the at meat dam age >0 the him haa taken place a and hdonr the water line trn m m k M k "WL. 1CJM M i LIA07889 r 55 tfc* m- r E * 9 I f ad, ( leaae io tome run, adjacent to d ecrrich line. The upper half ad each apeomcn wu is cnoract with air at praa bally 100 per cent relative humidity. EaacabaUy oo blkwring h olacrrtd on chrte upper aurdacta. At and below the eraam line, blkm* developed in may ad d>e aoabag ejiKtne which were quae Lirfc in tat aod formed a radar early (Of*. of due "j**? if Tittle 2 tod che tact od die pancla (water phaar), aa abowa in the tfum. iodkate that only Syaema C and C. (rad lead); H>, Hu Ha, and Hi (aaphalt type);0 (Zn chromic red lead);andpanrfily BC (ted lead-koo oaidr-phenolic) and Ob (auaa aa O crape baked) cither did nor blkecr or showed blntm dial were Ida bvdy few and email in tat. The 3000-bonr bliaaer reoaf far Systran D, E. I, and G over both calendar pcrktda wen in fair ifrronruc. with the cwreption od D. Steer the panrla (ooaaad with D, E. I, and G) itated over both periode woe coaaad a the aame tone, the only known ditferener area in the lo|di od ak drying. Thoee acaed erkh Syeaema A throofh f had a >aeek R . & i fa( (ahad MjantM 3 .uj j b i| . jip u p ip ,y d jiijijii W iiij ] | j i | ii, , , .ijii p| ![|iip W | i p | trying period, while (how mod with dw other ayawma had been prepared about u mooch* before tewing. The* might tigmficantly afleet eh* pcotcctioa tdardod (h* mw mrtal by (hew particular lytcrma, bur totapanton cao Kill br mad* ed (how tynrai* wand over dw wen* calredw period The prnctnuoo oi water through (he unowned portioa at (he paint film by cadoamoait givt* roe to (he blitter* aad B poatible attack oo (he Keel baw metal. la (he caw of t damaged panel. dw driving force of dw M it ioaratrd by dw M (hat electric current* lend n flow brew tea dw erpeaed meal (anodic) aad dw *erl treat protected by dw moKwoedpaki coating. b it not mrpritwig. therefore. that pearl* with tcratdi lino, expoted edpa or other dtat|t taut By ader mow watte attach (faaa aimilw panel* cotnplrady entered by dw To determine dw aatouat of protrrrioa adarded dw met! by die rtriout cnarmgt. dw above (roup of paodt were Biippod of (heir paint film by a aiitahlt nhesc. any tow removed by dw todium cyanide cathodic treatment. and rttmirad. Tahir 5 contain* the weight low of the baw metal and a deaenpeion of io cntalitinn afar wrippio( dw paint boat dw panda. Arbitrary raong rahac* wet* twi(nrd B deni for dw appearance of die baw metal on dw undtmigril panda in bodl dw water and air phaw, aad for dw condition m dw demand tone (damaged panrlt) in dw water phaw, with leaped W both drgree of undercutting aad penetration. The value* of (hew rating are deterdied in a feomow m the able. Bihaar ratinga afar 3000 bout* capoeute ate included for conapariaon pnrpoaaa. Conudering (he weight low of baw mecal. dw data for the tymrma trwed indicaw that Sytwnw C Hi, Hi, Hs I, and poaubly D adorded (he grrattw amount of protection, wMt Sywrma B. Bk E. Fi. Ft. and G adordrd dw learn. The othaw wen of intermediate claiaificatiua. In grnrtal. far chrw ryawma dw panrb (undamaged) having dw grtaww weight low thoued dw wvrrcw bluerriog. and for (how with bale mrtal low dw lea* biiwrring. Aa can be noted bona dw dam conwined in dw table, dw duplicate mw on Sy wrma D, E, G. and I ant new. in every caw, in good agreement. Hdaorr, cewahl trmdt can br noted by companion of dmw ryiatm* wtwd ovar dw tame calendar period. 21 3 9 i naium mUim* tiii TABU 3 (OONTTNUID) mrndlmm-4nH 1j!------ W l IM* !! * m**--* VmIW 0--1 n IWIHb ^ fW A mm VmUm Av Nb w MMM*** fer1 AM**** tr *=ir o 4-J4* O0 1-4 14* M-ll A57 eA 14 l* H-M Ul Ml o A 1-4 i K >* fat* Uf A Ae f * ti - ? fM U> Ml A A Hi tut* 91-11 *JT AD II* M? Ml S A Hi fJ-12* tMI Ml AO M 1* M M I* i * A *3-4 Ml Ml AA M - c Hi VI** AD M 1 9*-ll 9M4 All* I4 Ml Ml Ul Ml B A AD A I* 1* 4 1 n n at* Ul Ul AA 3n L 2li2 t. {. .i'p/5 -Jf \ ir* >11 M 221M9** 2JU V H 21*** JIM S 2992 Or. 9Mf* 9)MM2I i g J9I9* x- 32**9243 CC A CC A A A CD AA AA AD AA A AA CA cA 4 4 7711 4n *- n i *i> **7n1 * f 4A * *i 4 39 4 39 4 39 Ml Urf-J. I 3 i LIA 07 896 1 TABU 4 Rating of cbt Vinouft Pautf Syaccma Takaa From Tablt 3 <PvtU lamcnkm Tc*t) and Amopd For CoomitM Coaptriroa 1--* AC ft * i.i* -ir- ifr - '-'`rrf**-'- Bate Kxal Appaarxao* Table 4 containa the raringa ol die paint ayttcm* vidl reaped ao appearance ol bate metal (undamaged pancla) in both dm tratcr and air phaae, and the degree at undercutting and pene tration at die damaged tone taken from Table 3 and arranged for convenient coenpariaoa. Conaideration at them data, to gether eridi (boat contained in Table* 2 and 3, auggeao rertaan (QQcluMQI! I. All ayweint appear k > afford excellent protection an dim portion of the panel repeat'd the air phaae (cmrarialty aaturated ab mouture at 100 F.). 2. A tonatdrrable number of cnaringa afford excellent pro- Merino a iriAt pK**T H (fat gfc COOOOUOtM ftee from damage. Thoae which aecm to hate little merit are Syatcma B, D, Ek E. K F. K G, and Q. 3- In the caac of damaged filme tipuacd to die water phaae, a decidedly different atory ia praented. Omij Syatm C (red lead) offered protectwo as die bare md in the damaged worm. In fact, lor die o mparity at die other tyweaa, coorinutd cs> poMire would hare nakhrd in actual perforation of die bmr metal in that area in a relatively ahott period of rime Thi* aeema ao be an extremely important point, even (hough k ia realued that the type of damage an which (hear panda were aubptntd. may not exactly duplicate that which occur* in terrier. Several cotnpoeitnne reamed undercutting of die paint him *t die acrmch line, but did not protect the bare Meet. lUd Lead I* Ouittinding 4. Conaidering all faiaora ia taring the variou* Sywrtn C (red lead) appear! to be nutmnding. It hal a good bliMtr raring, it affordt rxceilcm proaccuuo ao die baae annal, at evidenced by low weight lam and alight ritual evidence of attach on die attel and. aa previouaiy mentioned. penetration and undercutting at thr damaged aonc arc either negligible or alight The aamr n trur of C* (tame pigment m C but formaland aritb raw lanaced cal), but it appear* ao have tlighdy lower raring a (hr damaged arc*, which may not be tigmficenc Syatrm Ok a two-coat aywrm (tame a* O except baked), ahowt prornne and might be equally aa good or even better than C or Cs although drhmar Kaartnrat cannot be made ia dm 2? wwmninjia. tftai Itfijiiarli atom abaence of infortnarica oa damaftd panda. Syamna BC, BIX BE, and W offer food protection in all eater cacept M (he damafnd tooe. That it alto nt of Span* Hi, Hi, Hi, Hs tod 1 but to a Inter decree. 9. Applpnf thicker cnatiop or inaeaaing the number of coatinft of the itoooxide and aiphaltua rypea hta lank (fat oti ptococtaTtneat under coodnuoua imraetnon coodariona for eadvr (he damafed or undamtftd eottinft (note (he data for SyMema Hi, Hi. Ha.Ha.fi.fi, and P). 6. The baked flam, L, M, and N, do not erhabat aaaanal proceedvram in temperaoa > (he airdry fclma and, ia many cater, they are not to food. 7. Coatiaf contumacy appean to be a very ia wfaca cooaidtfinf coatanf performance. In (hit type of humidity me ronriwaoue mndrnaarina b achieved by accurinf (he painted paarb a> raoierr made fna copper plate, tbroujb which warn it omitted a control (he [ (ample temperature at 100 F. The cooler!contained in a bunudity cataract which ia maintained at 110 F and 100 per cent relative humadaiy. The cooler! are (rianfular ia Croat moon and each paad ia capotcd at a 79-dcftec anfle with (he horiaomat Under (hear mnriitiont. moianuc coodcntea oa (he paioted paneb with toncinuoua M off. Moat of (he tame coadnf tyrmna which were evtlatted under coaumejoua, partial immerwon conditiona were aabieeatd to continuoua condentation team Tabtr 9 nmttint the coacinf and blawrr data lor the 26 paint coatinft need. At in (he cam of thr partial immertioo (rata, tince Syawmt A I ere trued over one calendar peraad and the othen over a different one. Syatema D. C, E, and I were teated durinf both - periodt. Conacqucndy, (wo ten of data ate included for (hear coatiatfa Tame n hm blbm ia recorded, together with (he bluecr ratinf for the indicated rxpoaurc timer. Sywmt C, Cc Hi. Hi, Ha. Hs X and Z developed caecntiallf no Hiata tinf durinf the 9000-hour crpoauie period. Syaeeme D, E. 1, L If. O. and Q ahottd tome Wittering but not to any ftaat catena. Bluteta of tontidenble uac, which coveted almoet the tatiae area of die Mat panel, funned on Sywcmt A X Be L ft, K Ft, G, N, X T. and U. The blbieta foeuaed oa there marine jr-.Tew- LIA07899 .jfofafiiiiKMliafafaittifatiMiifaikMitNbikflfaiiiiMfcniMiiiiliMiiiBriHh far thort erpoeurr period. It can alao be noted dial (fa blitter rating! of Syvctnt O, E, G. and I far (fa duplicate tern were not in food agreement. Af pmriouily menaoned far (fa partial immenioa ecttt, the only knowa dtdcreaor (fa length of air drying. Data Tabolamd The panela wear nipped, cleaned, and eramined at At con- dutioa of the tm. Table 6 containt the weight fata of (fa teei, a dctcxtpooo of (fa cnnditfan of (fa bate metal afar tripping, and (fa blotcr rating! (at 5000 boon) of (fa tttt > panela. Racing meifadt and valuta are (fa tame at (boar aaad io (fa cootinuoua. partial immenioa r iu Fat (fate panda far which weight lorn it available, (fa data indicate (fat coating tytent C, H, and I affacd excellent protection under that mm coodiriont and are followed very clearly by A, D, Hi, and Ha. Spam B, Bv E. Fi, Ft, G, and H are de leaat proactive. Vak (fa eactptioo of Symem G. the duplicate k m on D, E. I. and G teem to prid (fa aame m mak Table 7 containt (fa rabogt of (fa varioua paint tyneaaa _ with retpcct to appearance of bane metal (undamaged panda) ' after Knpping and degree of endtronting and penetration at (fa damaged toot. ^ The rendu indicate (fat many of (fa coating ayittmt promt _ (fa nrrl larofactcnly under condition! of continuant mndtnm tion. Thit it true far both (he panrii containing a (ontinuonr film (undamaged) and tfaae intentionally damaged. SyttttM C G. and I teem (o fa (fa mote omtrandmg, while B tremt to fa (fa lean. The otfart rfiow an intermedia* behavior, h thouId fa borne in mind, in evaluating (fa peuaettirmem of (fa coaongj to rtmr trtt cnndirinnt. chat no tevere attach waa noted in any cam. However, contideriog all factor!, C, Gi, and I appear to aforf (fa greatew degree of proarction. Alternate Wet-Dry Team l Selected paint coating! were until by cyclic immcction in diatallcd water. A cycle of wo minutn complete immenioa, fal lowed by ten mmutrt emenaon in air, wet uatd in the tetta. Lottrt due to evaporatioa from (fa wurr were made up daily. The coating tynema were tnwd for 7300 bout! (afpronimawly 304 day! or 10 mootfaa). It became apparent afar 9 | i-. PppUdU.'-WIl UJjupjl mm p IP fW P p iP iu .if L IA07900 M fH P w ii f p iw ip p -i p j TABU 9 Ccwtinf wd Blttw Data foe PuMad Putli Eipotid id CoadmoM CoadMMcioa Coadittoot m lOOf for J000 Hfk Mi 4mm-* IW Pmd M* oL M M* n M il Tm4 IM Mn 4f(ja 4m Pm Pm lam 1m!^ tr Pm twm __Pm ^ %m t? A u u* i 1II 121 1 14 Mf 441 14 42-M i t 11-121 1 14 141 in 14 U)l i 1 11-121 144 M? 1171 4 4 14 4 It 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 4 4 'M* t 12114* ut j_r ?4I2 t 1 14*1 f 124 224 '-ll Mf'lil IJ$ L 41 41 M S 14 44 >4 44 14 44 14 44 7n1 44 44 c r-M* *j i i 'v i U 1*1.14 I2M.I1 1441*4 IM 121 121 414 IIM 411 Ml 444 III* 14 14 14 4 14 M M 4M 4 14 14 4 4 4 tM t 14 M n r% n 1 t i M 14 14 IN 4 IM * 144 i 91 91 D M-M* i U4I m u* 114 411 14 4 Ml i IIVIH MM 94 121 122 141 441 u> 411 14 14 4 14 14 4M 4 4 t * 4 i > * * * > t 4 f > * 1 ( IMI*I?4* 11*14 ii i I2M II I44.IN I2I-I.44 IJ4 1U I.J4 u121t 121 iunn*' M 14 14 14 14 14 14 4 14 14 4 4 4 1T 7 Tt --7 nT n7 rn% n t. rTtW-ttl* i 1 II 124 1.14*124 1 12 124 121 124 i. 244 ti Ul 44 4 14 44 4 14 44 9 14 i 14 ii 14 * * 14 14 Ml- 14 H 14 14 * >i 14 nM t. 4JI* TVJ4 12 J4VJ *1 11VI4* JM IM 424 4.14 ?VI4 2 2AV244 244 424 H 41 14 4 41 14 4 n 44 14 4*1 14 41 14 4 14 44 14 41 14 41 M n 44 14 4-1 14 4-4 14 *-1407901 ttiat&rnimeum ........ rm i ~ atiffi z<&. ii TABU I (OONTMUZD) (W t o ML It It ML 1 l Ha# Hm *041* r*4t H vo* IV* W ) 901 *y> 9IM* fill i -i j 92-2* fM tvl* V4 w MV M 04 1144* 1IM ai^ Su m 1 I 1 t 1 1 a a i t i i a t i i i a a i t i i TViM lw MM aoo-io* 242)00 IJO-I 1)11 I.9MJ4 1 111 19 IJT-Uf l#MJ9 909? 4099 *5*4 9 '-It? 10411# 9411# 1401?# I94I4J 1441'# i .iv i jo l-IVIJO 1141 JO 1J4I 40 ij v i m IJ4I >9 a#* 2 94 in til 134 i j* IJt 149 UI 94 w u Its 144 I4J H* 194 I4J 1 JO ija ui IJ9 ij o I.W ill iwt Na Vi 141 271 UI 2M 2M7 151 1#9 1 #9 in 4*4 4U 4.7V 0l ?4 t#l 042 ta#9 1944 IV99 IM 1.1* 249 %#9 909 910 99 yt N H 99 9* MM mm --* mm -- mm. mm lM mi mi 990 999 >99 |M Mm PmCmb hm OmimO "Sr 0 M 9 14 M * M 44 M 94 M 90 44 0 MM 14 4 94 14 4 14 14 4 94 14 4 14 14 4 14 14 4 14 M 4 14 14 4 94 14 4 14 94 4 94 14 4 94 M 4 14 14 4 14 14 4 14 14 4 94 94 4 14 14 4 14 14 4 94 Mm NCm Tkmmmj 29 n o r% ?9 n 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 IM Mm NC hm M 90 V4 94 \4 9* 44 n 4# 79 44 19 9i 14 4 94 4 M4 14 4 M4 94 4 94 4 M4 94 4 M4 14 4 9i 14 4 94 4 91 91 91 JOOO Mm *0 Mm PmC*m 9mOm hm OOmmMI tr ThSti 2-4 94 u y 24 94 24 94 >4 M n 44 T9 44 19 44 T9 44 19 4* 19 44 19 9 1 91 14 4 14 4 4 M 4 M 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 94 4 14 4 14 4 94 4 94 4 94 4 14 4" 94 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 9 9 9i. * 9 9 9 9999 7 t 9 9 7 7 9 9 7 979 LI A07903 -OT wtfu mmttSlIAtiM TABU J (CONTINUED) ss z B. c D O 1 fits T*m JIM* l*t 21*7 IT* 3* 29 14 **9 **99 Ul** it-n un ^n# V>4 MT m-jf 9919 99U 1 1 1 i I i 1 1 t 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1.9*141 1.1*144 13*134 14JIJ1 142*1.14 19*134 144*U4 44*1.12 141*09 139*194 nvut IJMJ4 12*149 131*14) IJI-UT UVIM 131*141 13*147 ia ij i t.IMJt 13*134 *n to* TUt tali 144 149 IM 144 134 149 144 144 u> Ml 144 MS IJT 141 14* 144 i 134 IJ4 134 IJT o* Wt U) Lit 1M US IM Ml its w M MS U4 Ml MS Uf >M in IT* IM 24* mm i* it it stt 944 944 IMt in I2H IST2 44 44 44 m IS TT4 IM Mb . to Co t 9m 14 4 14 4 14 * r St s St s St 14 t 14 t 14 t 14 4 14 t 14 * 14 t 14 4 14 t *i *t i M4 14 4 14 4 M Mb to ta fcST towM it 14 M S S s *{ 14 14 M 14 14 M r 1 i .M 14 4 4 t St St St 1 1 1 4 4 # 4 4 4 * S > t 1 t IBM Mb to ta fc* tow* 14 4 14 4 14 t T St s St St *t *t *t 14 t 14 4 Mt 14 4 14 4 M4 1i 9 i i( i 1 i JM Mb to Co t Um 99mm4 MM Mb tote tor W it 9 14 t it 4 14 t 14 t >t t s 94 s 94 s St s St s St s St * tI 9191 *1*1 It 4 14 4 14 4 14 4 t*t 9 f 1 I 9i $1 ii* t y-- t f t t 9 s 4 t 9 s f 91 f 1 -9 1 *s ** ***#' IP !5rcVW.* mrn mmm`.m T LIA07904 V % s I r:- fr et. Ii' L*. LIA07905 m 'F i ''' aK t fc 9 TiiTtfiiiniir riff if irin iiitWhfirBnf^fi^rilhtHMiS^ f iPVPR PPBKfP* t abu r lUtioft of dM V*rio P1m St mmm Taka* fma TaMt 6 (CoouauouaCondtToa Tm) ul A/raagad (or CornruM Cooapariaoa 1 tf kM Bl (Mfrfi ! ima 1 mm Dwarfirmmmimm l mm A aA c 1 c M 1 M. C 1 i yO Q 1 TX Ac o 1 C AAA 1 Ce 1 o o It It It l o Xs X o o It M X V A D1 o It l M M o9X T II S Xi D c X AAA M9r9 A A It it ~ ^. ~--* ' b ,. ?** - wumppppi F 1 3000 howl njn<un that riant m conditiona am not m atvtft as continuous cooderaaooo or continuom penial i mrrwoo and that a long exposure period would be nr ft wary ao ahow differences H they enured. Aa indicated by dtr muta described below, nra after 7300 boon exposure, very few differences could be noted among the majority of the mating Table B containa (hr coating and blitter data after 7300 houra exposure. Wuh a few exceptions. there tnt ao evidence of bJufcntig oo ri peach. The exceptions were the intrnriow ally damaged peach of Coaiinp A. B, aad Ft, tad all three peaeb for Coating Hi. Bltaacrmg. however, waa aot tnt|iticw ally tevetc ia any cate. It waa noted that Coating B forraaned a ootaaidcrable ttember of cracks. The weight loat aad mndhinn of bate metal after gripping the paiat horn the aanl panrh air ibown ia Table 9. wbde the rating valuta fer the condition of the bate metal arc ar ranged ia Table 10 for coovrairnt comparison. It ia evident from dir weight-lore data that lade attacks occurred on the base metal of the undamaged panrh for all (yrtema with the rscrpcuo of B, F. and H. evta after 7300 hours erpoauee < 10 nuimha). However, considering die degree of him undercutting on dir mertueasily damaged panrh in the damaged lone, Systran A, B, E. Fi, Ft. F. G. H>. sad I would have to he given a lower rating. Comidtring all factors, System* C aad D era to ifotf die greenu protectmo to the bate metal under their Wit condanona. Coatingi Hi, Hs aad Hi ate neatly as efrm Ar previous!y drieribed hr the parritl immersion (cam, three coaled panrh (one damaged, two complrsrly coated) tepeewocing dir ttmr paint ryttem were held radically ia a Luchr block containing grooves which tyece the panrh approximately 11} iachet apart, dtr cemer ptnel bring thr damaged one Thu tame arrangemint waa used ia die insulation wan. Prior ao placing die above awrmbly ia die battery jar, iaauiaaoa was iatened man die ll^vnch spaces bttwtxa the damaged panel and the two which were undamaged to that approxi mately rwodufdt of the depth of the panrh were coveted. The assembly of panrh LucMr block, and insulation waa then 37 v.-A-W LIA07908 ymmiM tuuamsasa mm* mi TABU a Co*iin( tad Blow Do* for Poioad Purl* Expoaod M AlwrooM Wtt *nd Dry Cooditioro for 7300 Hwi Hat M IUm srMb SuS A* w 2Ltz Ha TM Am* m* M tlT Kt S i A tv#r* 1 tvo 1 43-1? 1 I.H-134 I-1VI34 IJMJO 132 IJt l-'l Ml 0140 134 MO -- 14 a 1 0 i A 7ijr* I Tt-lf 1 131-131 IJ4-I40 IJl 14 141 IM 1141 oo 1 * A* ?M* 1 130-141 ut 130 -- . c mix* 1 mu 1 mm 1 133 141 130144 130141 131 (It IJl it) 131 ot mm mm at a0 10 D m\\* 1 mn 1 133-141 131-141 IJ4 IJI 111 W m\% 1 19*14! 131 141 - a0 a4 a0 t ti M* 1 1 HIM 141 14T tin 1 1 14-134 IJ4 Ml am 1 1 IM-M 14# M4 a0 a a 0, *%H* 1 1 -*u 1 131-1 14 I3J-I.1T IJ4-l.lt 131 I.U IM 331 1141 417 -- 131 * * a a i 0 0 r. rvr* 1 VA 1 J1VJ47 im*.'t 244 2A1 4J1 4.10 TV It 1 J1V29 2il 431 oo mm at a4 a h 1 3*0141 Ml 444 *) 1 14! 4*9 t*'* 1 IfltIM Ml 444 M -- a0 a0 a o M U* 1 I2H.14 Ml Jj VM t IJVI.H IJt 1*9 *-- oo a0 a0 W) 1 131134 Ml MO >0 iL. CTi * 19J4* 1 ir-m 140 IM Alt* 0 f to 10 9014 lirt-149 i.n 4*9 4104 140 130 4lf4 0 1 a 9114* 914 914 i v\i 4VA 40*1 41 4J 4.7 771 491 110 -- a0 a to a 2 jr> M Mlt 14! 14) 92 14 9VII4 It) 441 wo t* 114 Ml I 494 MO 40 -- a0 a0 a a 9V9*lM^ 14*174 9V4 Kl'l 113 11.11 IM 1144 M a0 a * IU1?I ai I1M -- a i ** 1 MJ9 1 1 1 .IMJt 1 141.14 1 141 14 ij) 204 ui nt ut 311 M* to 0 a a UA07909 TABU 9 W.i*bi Low tod Coodiooa dt Bt*. Mtl Af**r Strfotas PtindP*ol*E*p>t*dAl**otWttodl>ir Gooditioat foe 7300 Hovcs P-- MHt t)lSi!i* IM lM Cm* ** IM" V^-y* w M*t -- um .0 Ha toCM A tv*** > M 42-1? 4A1 71J* Tl-lf u -- D Till Ml 4* P c tu* tt-ll AS 44 D 4AM 444 4AM 444 *}* III tl-7 JO* ft TV4 U1 mm 40 40 A --A A A A --A > ft >4)1 y+u ill 41 u> C c nn* M mm rvj 414 A n-i* ft 444 w 444 0 V mm A |4* 444 0 A o HU* 1 4W*4l 41 441 -- 40 It 4in0-1*4* mm 444 44-14 4 it mm mm 41 mm Cc Hi II9* ft >9 *14 444 444 40 A A It 9M7-1J4** 0 _ mm A 414 40 40 A M. **-* tM ft-J mm 0 0 -- A 40 A | All* mm A|4 40 w A 14 41 Ml o A1 ** -- 0 o A4t "" --r * A A0 -- 0mm mm 0 A A0 0 A mm 0 A A -- P mm A m . A 0 0 0 4 0 0mm A A t P -- A 0 0 A -- 0A P mm A 0 0 A A mm 0 A P -- A 0 0 A A 0 A c 4! mm m 9 mm A *m A 0 0 % A A m * 0 A A w A 0 0 A A 0A A -- A 0 0 A mm -- 0 A O A0 0 A A 0A ** tafttbl I f9 mmmtKsmmmmKm i J^P W ^ | P i P i P P W P fl i lW i|P IJM: p i l l i^iaraii mfrr idiiimiirtftMifaHiBifcttiiabhiaMB^^ plcrd m the boro ot the Pjrtex (lua battery jar ad db- tdled water added until die paneb were 50 per cent immened. The battery fan war maintained ax a temperature ot 100 t. Under thoe teat condkiona, the lower half oil the panel (below water line) waa in cuntmooua contact with muit-am and water, while pan erf the upper hail (above water tine) waa la contact with moat inmlauon and pan limply expoaad V moot air at caaetxiaily 100 per cent relative humidity. Two typea ot inautaring materia] were audaed, one repeeaexw- mg a neucral type (OwetwComing Fiberglat) and one reprw aeneing an alkaimr type (Johna-ManviUe Banroc). Table 11 contain! bister data alter 500 houn eapoauee far thoae coating aytttma aelecaed is be teaaed under the above deteribed coodioooa. Time to fint blmer ia recorded, together with die liar and extent ot blbtcring alwr 500 bout* (21 days) contact with both typea ot maulatioa in the ptucnce ot water. The pH at the water during the teat period ranged from to to trvtn lor the neutral-cypr maulation aeea and 8 as 9 far the alkaline insulation aeata. Examination of the data contained in the table that the alphahum-rypr coatmga (Hi and Hi) or thorn whom pigment b caacntully ted lead or tine chroma*, alone or in combination (C C, O, Os and BC). cahibit eaccllcnc rs- ibtance to blistering when in concacr with either type inaula- bon. Thb would tend is indicate that they would afford the beat protnimn as the atrcl. The other coating ayema blnacrcd to tome taunt during the expoaure period. Only the air-dry tine dual-tine oaxle-alkyd ayatem (X) ahowed run apoo. Dtsomion ot Faint Testa Comidrraticn of the muto ot the above-dcacribcd teao indicsies that continuoua immeniao in water b the moat aewetely camatve condation amdied. Many ot the coating ayttema dswnorated father rapidly when aubprtrd to thb expoaure which reaulted in attack on the haae ateel The ayawma which teemad as aAord maximum protection (little evidence ot bale metal attack) when the tied b completely coated were thoae in which the pigment waa.either caaenbally 100 per cent ted lead (A, C O). or petdoenmattly to (BC, BD, BE), or com tamed one chromate (I. 8, W, and 0>). The aapbahuaxype paima (H>, Hi, Ha, H<) and thoae whoae pigment mntainad 40 r I H fp 3 mmmm LIA07911 w iiiikaim tm ____________ t__ irflaari iwr nlw^ati lM> O^eeflfmmmtmm lam nkaeaMvaacetaM^ TABU 10 Bating oi (be Vviou Palm Sywecw Take* from Table 9 (Alwoaa Wet-Dry Condition*) and Antapd for Coertnirot Conyariaon A co A 0 > C Hi N. A CO 1 AAA e1 a-e* c A Ae HA i o Mi Mi K Mi M 9 P A> A A AO 1 LIA07912 w i nmi a TABU 11 BUater Dm After 500 Hoar* for Painted Expoeure Sm) Futli la Coetiououi Gootact with Either Neutral* or Alkaline-Type 3 9ha^ Tta ht to to NMMilV Umah am. Vo t pIo t AOTx taxUr OPmm* PmACmmm MUmm MArmCo t w NO Me MHNammmmrn. Mt Wrnmlm Om MaCOT Ao t AMOTtMB ttoCm m Ao t Ik HJM4* too 100 a a 3 a 3 3 at 90 90-10* 9O-tt too too an an a a c M n.ir Ml 100 3 ta 10 90 3 10 to X a 90-It 04* aa-> too lie a to to n a 0 a a to nI c at-u >XMI*I 'M 94 II D IV4* M) sea o A*AV4)T* MO 100 to m 10 to 0 aX an 0 T9 1 too to to 0 to 0 to 0 to a to to a 1 too M _ to M a XI* ytj 994 an* 094 *M M9* Jia to to M _ to too 4 too 44 too 1 too a 90 T9 90 79 *aa 9 *0 a fI 90 90 90 T9 \ MM-JTl fc If* Ml 9M ML *I-|T 9149 alia too too mmm mm -- 1 too I too ta o 10 0 ta a it 10 0 to o 1 too t too to 0 to 0 to 0 to to a to a ae IJ0 0 too a T9 am 9*9* too _ 1 to to T9 O 0 ) a to T9 O 0 tO-14 _ to to 9119 tt-M 9141 mmm ~ to to to to o to 0 to 0 0 r is L Ppwppppfiwpw pin. iiiwjiJAiiwpii-m'i I 1. .impii ii ' LI AO 7913 m te f o <x 1 x fg' >r M M414 MM 99)9 9200* MM 92T4 mo t * MtJ mi* 2114 2211 9221* UJ4 MU Ml)* Ml* $rn )M* )M tm tM TA* I M--. tM too IM 240 240 240 4 4M 4M too too too 4M 4M 4M 4M 4M TABU II (OONTWUID) -Tr Mm V mmUm 9m Cm bm JM 0M M 1 1 01 21 t1 tI to 0 to 0 to 0 0M 0 to 0 to 0M M M 0 t> i AM 9m Cm Mi Am* 0M M 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 to 0 M0 to 0 to 0 to 0 10 0 H0 to 0 to 0 to 0 Jl i Mft *n ** Mt trt MM MM MM MO* MM JIM 2299 tu\ W 4 U44 MIT vu MM 9M0 fM - too too MO too too MO 210 210 210 mm mm -- too 210 210 400 400 400 m -- ** Obi VA ulSVipiLS!** v Un Ow NUB Om Mm VmIm tr OmCm Am r 02 0 0 29 0 0I f 01f Vt j 1 f Vt t to* 1' 0 Jto to 0 M 10 0 M # T9 0 2M t T T9 0M f 2M t 4 90 0 M 0M M 0 to to 0 M n 3 29 1 I i 1 1 1 0 0 0 *0 M M 29 29 29 0 0 0 PP9I9PPV mmmmmmmmmmmmmrnmm*? LIA07914 m iniannMfnn'i -~ wc di*. zinc oxide, or hoc chroat* ia torn* mmfonaonn were near ia the order af mroc However, mIi few cxixpcnM, the jmtKtmoca at dm above i)vtm would haver to be fjen lower rating wtea the tetri ni net cocnplcttljr coMrd. The red Wad-raw Imered ml vefocW (C,) tod die red lead, par; raw and pan bodred (polymcr-eed), Inured oil vehicle (C) tywrme were die outatandmg ctcrptiona imcc they adorded drfowtr protection at die bate at the damaged ana. The baled (0>) unc rhrmitaa red lead-vinyl ryvtero ihowa drhoaar proemat, but atHeamal mformeoon it needed before a cut be folly evaluated. The airdry tyttam, red Wed-tron 01ale-pheitalic <8C), red lead^ae oaude-uac yellow-alkyd (BO), red lead-tdkate-fdieaolic (BE), and not chromate-iron oxairmailyd (I and V) rated high bt* had a lower over-all raea| chan thr red Wadlanced od yvrtne (C and C-) when conudering preieretinei at the rlan aped tone. Ctwrip ta wfodi thr ptpiretM waa preilominanrly _ ran oatde (B, IK Ft. Ft, Fi) were the pooreat in regard n corroaioa prenceeion. In esnemuout contact erah tidier a neutral- or tlkiline type ^ Rtulanoo and in the pctacnct at water, thr paint t)miua in -- which the pigment* were prcducfonamly red trad and or one (footnatr duwed tuperior manner a hlaanug Ccnrinuout condtntatioo tt;eeacrm a omdcratrly corroaieu rood*mo and. accordingly, many at die punt lymnu tatnfartonly protect the Heel either arhen cotnplttrly coated or when thr mating a damaged. At in the rate at the rooemuoTO l mmenion tna, the tptenn containing red lead or tine chrm mate appear tn hr ihr fnrwe otMarendmg. while dinar cmniM| - prtdoownantly iron oxidr air the IraM ouormdu^. An environment at high hunudity at relatively high temperalure or period* wet-dry expoaurr are thr ban arveee condinona truded endi infect to dewrioranou at die pame (Im. Tidi thr paaaible esrjeioa at dir perdonunanely iron-oudr lyttctna. practically no blnrrrinp waa ofeaerved on any at chc roenngv nor waa trverr attack on the bate metal noted eve* a/ecr exittided rapneurr. This eraa particularly true when the (sating waa eontinao--. The rdeet at rype and eehitle roropawina on corroaioo prolevtion under the varima rxpoaure cseiditinna it not too triM. However, the red Wad ayurai (O), wfoch eraa liemulaetd 44 PJWHB1 J ^in-,w.nipijw.f* I1 nm ifr tfr <iniiaiitfiiri rnakt kh linceed oil vehicle, alien more prorrrboo, la moat CIH^ than the one formulated with phenolic modified allcyd (A). AdcAowUdfemeM Ve h to ndcnowlcdfe the help and ingtaiiw ai the Technical Committee on Proatcrrie Cnacm/p and of L l McSmmey. E. K Moeller. K. E. Jadoon. F. W. Fink. A B. Fried!, and ochm of the Nad of BatacUe Memorial Inarinwr ItfttvaoN 1 Dn A. C, him aa Momft Bmim Oiml D#rac, April 1947. ' Pm. A C, Princifdet of Imnmaoe and Hnanidry Tatinf af Mmd Pmatauae him, Conaaian, S (1947), jap 50L * Kmifcipt, V. V, fan Iwnrtiion TotMW cd Mewl Pmwtrlm Fm--ladfoence el Bar* Mnai Area. led. On, H 194) 090). * Yawn. C H. aad OfW*. G. N, Pdw Omiataiiy af Ipwtadr Coaca*a-Tea Mcdtth. lad Uf. Oam, 2*. 1277 (1997). * Po t . P M. A At *. rH.mJ Matt. H. WatR-Vapan Ptnantilin of Orpiw Fdaa. lad Eap Cfctm. Anal Ed. It, 6*6 (1944). * Camel. L L. Marine Ptmaaa. Ottcial PiprN. Apt4L 1947. * Boaa-Var Btuldiaaf Sadia No. I. Km Cneettwiiwi (1944), Hfc Mifnay'i Scanaawiy Oder. I nmlnn. EngUnd * Mrrtmji <d PtcantMaa Apnai Common lor Liffo-Gapr Send and Yruupttf Iran IVd m Ptionarea Buddmj Cammoion, Bocidl Suaalaeh laaiMwe. PP OO. Hootm. 1949. * haw, W. C. hatay Wei. KiUmi Murriih aad 9tieaW. Repon (IMS 102. Naaaonal Buaem ad VaaihlA. VredWy H V. Moaaame Cmlmaaimai in Roiidiaif Valla, Bold ina Maamah and Stnacnattt litwi BMS It, Naraoaaal Rama of SualalA " Fma Rrfun ad die Meduaii of Tiaat (Cormoim) fchrnaaw nn. kuraaj cd die Inal and Saeri Ioanna*. / 541, Pi 4. a 46). Aped. I94R acandatda d Pnaamoa far lien and Wei Uaaj in V '*ti** and Waaar Ewcaurr Apparana lor Tcwn^ Paine. Varaieh, < lacquer. aaal Rrlaard Kodwta. Recie--adad Praore lor CVlieiaH, ASTM tada, I9i) aufqd. Pan U (DR22-4YD. 194. "Zahn. Harold lahoraaoty. Enluam cd Corrramn-t niaiaaa Pip nama and Vriarlm Pam, Od, and CVmacal Rrvav 109, Strata*. ber J, 1946. MPcdWd. A I, Perm, V. C. Saariaee Taaaaanew a( Saaal Prior '*idl)!MI BII4B8WWJW P I LIA07916 \