Document 3wao8KLmd7nDpj59E1EgQqVx
MONITORIl'S FOR POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
- '
IN THE
AQUATIC ENVIRONMENT
PROGRAMS UNDERWAY IN MICHIGAN WATERS
Report to: Lake Michigan Toxic Substances Committee May, 1973
MICHIGAN HATER RESOURCES COMMISSION BUREAU OF HATER MANAGEMENT
DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION BRANCH
MOHS 06
i POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS
Programs Underway 1. State of Michigan
,
Michigan Instituted a monitoring program for polychlorinated biphenyls
(PCB;s) early in 1971. The initial program consisted of a state-wide water sampling survey for determination of concentrations In inland x^aters and
tributaries to the Great Lakes. Supplementary sampling has since been
conducted on stream sediments, municipal raw water intakes, groundwater drinking
supplies, sanitary landfill runoffs, municipal wastewater treatment plants,
industrial discharges, and fish from both inland and Great Lakes waters. Sampling
is being continued on a periodic basis for establishment of trends.
.
Quarterly water sampling in thirty Michigan tributaries showed that about
60 percent of the samples contained more tjhan 0.01 ppb with one stream, the
Baglnaw River, having a high concentration of 2.9 ppb (Table 1). Pish from the
Saginaw River had PCB concentrations
(Table 2). Five Michigan
streams had mean concentrations in water samples over 0.10 ppb. These were all 'located in the populous southeastern lower1 peninsula which drains into lower
Lake Huron, Lake St. Clair and Lake Erie. ,0f the Lake Michigan streams, the I
jGrand and Kalamazoo rivers consistently showed the highest concentrations with
means of 0.041 and &.065 ppb, respectively.
A study of transport of PCB's to Lake Michigan on suspended solids was conducted during March-May, 1973* on the Grand, Kalamazoo and St. Joseph rivers. Scdlcent traps were suspended 1-2 meters off the bottom of the rivers and collected at varying tire intervals in each river ranging from 3 times weekly
to once a month. Concentrations of PCB's were notably higher in the sottleablc solids from the Kalamazoo River than from the Grand and St. Joseph rivers (Table 3).
The over-all mean for all samples were 3.52, 0.99 and 0.97 ppra (oven-dry basis) for
the Kular.zoo, Grand ar.d St. Joseph rivers, respectively. This data substantiates earlier results indicating elevated levels of PCB's in the Kalamazoo River watershed.
Exten.sivc sampling at upstream sections of the watershed lias identified past and
M0N5 067601
-2- .
preoo.nt uaatepaper recylcing by paper Industries located in the City of
"Kalamazoo as the major source of contamination to the river. Certain sediment deposits in impoundments on Portage Creek, a tributary to the Kalamazoo River at Kalamazoo, were found to contain PCD's at concentrations exceeding 350 ppm
(dry weight basis). Leaching from these FCB enriched sediments appears to be oignificant. Fish^ collected immediately downstream from the City of Kalamazoo
veto found to contain residues of PCB's in their tissue as high as 110 ppm
(Hesse and Willson, 1972).
.
PCB concentrations in drinking water supplies from 45 Intakes on the
Great Lakes and connecting waters and an additional 20 on inland lakes and
streams have generally been less than 0.01 ppb (Tables 4 & 5). Limited sampling Of groundwater drinkipg supplies in southern Michigan has indicated that
groundwater has not been significantly contaminated vlth PCB's.
.
Analyses of surface water runoff from sanitary and Industrial landfills la
Michigan suggest that these are a minor source of environmental contamination.
Five of the 9 samples collected had PCB concentrations ranging from 0.04 to
0*30 ppb while the others contained less than 0.01 ppb.
Sampling of municipal wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) effluents throughout
*
Michigan in 1971 and 1972 indicated that many WWTP's represent major point
eources of PCD loss to surface waters of the state (Table 6). The average PCB
concentration of 60 effluents sampled was 2.35 ppb. While only seven of the WWTP effluents exceeded 1 ppb, the Bay City WWTP located on the Saginaw River had
an average effluent concentration of 120 ppb (high of 340 ppb), skewing the
over-all average for all plants sharply upward. The average concentration
excluding the Bay City WWTP was 0.56 ppb. Those WWTP's with PCD concentrations
in effluents exceeding 1 ppb were, with one exception, located on rivers already
identified as having high levels of PCB contamination. Sampling of 58 WWTP
cfflucntr. in 1973 continues to show..high PCD levels with an average concentration
of 0.52 ppb (Table 7), including the: Bay City plant. Tim PCI] dir.rh.irge from the
M0NS 0678C2
Day City VWTP lias been greatly reduced as a result of control measures in Industries served by the VWTP.
.
. Sampling of sewage sludge from 57 of the 58 VWTP's tested In 1973 showed Bay City to have the highest concentration of PCB'a In the sludge being
removed by the treatment process. The PCD concentration in the sludge from the Day City plant was 352 ppm (dry weight basis) compared to a state-wide average of 15.6 ppm (Table 8).
In an attempt to identify major contributors of PCB's within municipal
WHTP systems, sampling at key points in the interceptor systems has been conducted within the municipalities of Bay City, Mt. Clemens, Saginaw, Adrian, Detroit and Kalamazoo. This program has been very successful. The City of Detroit has. In fact, established an on-going sampling program within thel-
Interceptor system with analytical assistance from the State. They are applying a new City of Detroit sewer ordinance which limits discharges within the
wastewater system to a maximum of 0.1 ppb. A broad scale sampling of industrial discharges throughout Michigan has shown
results indicative of the widespread usage of PCB's. Nearly half of the industrial discharges sampled have contained more then 0.1 ppb with many in excess of 1 ppb. The highest concentration detected in an Industrial discharge in Michigan has
been 7,200 ppb. Automotive plants, chemical companies, and paper product
manufacturers are among the types of Industries with highest concentrations. Also Industries and building complexes; Including some schools and hospitals,
with heat transfer systems appear to be another major source. Industries identified as sources of PCB pollution have been encouraged to changeover to replacement compounds or to clean up their operation so that discharges of PCB's do not exceed the present Michigan guideline of 0.1 parts per billion.
Michigan Is currently trying to get a handle on losses from electrical transformers In leakage, servicing, and replacement within plants. It appears
that many of Lhc small transformer maintenance companies arc still dumping Veil's
I,.. draVn r.-iihnr rh.in rrturnU>n then for 1 ncinerstirm.
MCNS 067803
' * `An example of one location in Michigan where monitoring an<l subsequent
control measures have resulted in a marked reduction in PCB contamination is
the Saginaw River baeiu. Even though It is not within' the Lake Michigan watershed,
the Saginaw River PCB situation is worthy of review, Monitoring of major Great j
Lakes tributaries during 1971-1972 Identified the Saginaw River as having the
:
highest concentrations of PCB'^ of any tributary within Michigan boundaries.
Intensive sampling throughout the river basin In search of point sources
successfully Isolated ten major points of PCB discharge to the river system.
Each of the industrial sources were asked to Identify the cause of their losses
and to take corrective action. Control measures,iin most cases, conversion to
'4 non-PCB containing products, have proved very effective toward lowering the
PCB concentrations in the Saginaw River. ^ A sharp PCB decline at a monitoring
site near the river jeouth was observed (Tjable 9) in October, 1972, and
,
concentrations have remained lov since that dace. It is hoped that a corresponding decline in PCB conccntratlois In fish from the river and Saginaw
Bay will soon be observed.
-j
In 1972 Michigan developed a cooperative State-Federal study of contaminant
I levels in Great Lakes fish species including lake trout, salmon, vhltefish, ? ''
chubs, tnenomlnee, yellow perch, alewife, carp, and suckers. Fish from Lakes
Michigan, Huron, Erie, and Superior are systematically being sampled on an annual
basis to obtain information on areas where contaminants approach or exceed FDA
guidelines for consumer protection. Tl\e project, developed by the State agencies
in cooperation with the U, S. Food and Drug Administration and the Bureau of
Sport Fisheries and Wildlife Great Lake Laboratory, will establish patterns of
residues of mercury, PCT/s, DDT and dleldrln in Great Lakes fish. Tabic 10
shows the concentrations of PCB's detected in fish from Lake Michigan duripg
the first year of this study. PCB's in Salnonids (lake trout, stcclhcad,
coho salnon, and Chinook salmon) and chubs were shown to exceed the FDA guideline
of '>.0 ppm while concentrations in other species did not exceed this guideline.
MQNS 067804
,'able 1. (
Mean PCB Concentrations in Michigan Tributaries to the Great Lakes in 1971-72.
'.;;!'.e Basin iichigan
River
St. Joseph Kalamazoo Grand Muskegon Manistee Boardman Elk
PCB's (ppb as 1254)
` 0.D13 0.065 0.041 0.010 0.014 0.017 0.012
Range (ppb as 1254)
<0.010-0.039 0.019-0.097 0.011-0.030
<0.010-0.037 <0.010-0.039 <0.010-0.044 <0.010-0.039
;iron
Saginaw Cass' Flint'
Shiawassee1
Tittabawassee'
Au Sable Thunder Bay Cheboygan
1.100 0.014 0.078 0.029 0.140 <0.010 0.023 0.032
0.450-2.900 <0.010-0.048
0.010-0.150 <0.010-0.073 <0.022-0.230
<0.010-0.010 <0.010-0.037 <0.010-0.053
,;t. Clair
Clinton Black St. Clair
0.150 0.043 0.010
<0.039-0.430 <0.010-0.110 <0.010-0.029
Raisin Huron Rouge*
Uetroit
0.210 0.012 0.470 0.020
<0.060-0.500 <0.010-0.039
0.058-1.600 <0.010-0.053
River River downstream from Detroit River sampling station
s
(
MOMS 067805
yc;Av---.j 1.
uyis (FCB's) la ficli from Satjinew River,
December 7, 1571 ( Ppa wet vexw.c)
Srecies
Ferch Carp Catfish Catfish
Carp Carp Carp Carp Carp Pike Pike Gizzard Shad Gizzard Shad* Giz zard Shad* Gizzard Shad*
Gizzard Shad* Cizzard Shad* Gizzard Shad*
Location
Length _
Kam-Weadock Discharge Channel
l< ft
If
II
H It
!|
If
It
9.0 21.0
8.0 7.5
tf.S. Coast Guard Station
H fit >< It It ft
II II II
|| || ||
23.0 24.0 20.0 24,0 21.0 27.0 23.0 14.0 -------------6rtr 4.5 5.0
'
Zilvaukee Bridge It II It It
4.5 5.0 5.0
Percent fat
1.3 0.9 7.0
___
10.5 6.5 5.9 4.6 1.6 1.1
17.5 15.3 15.0 17.0
' .
15.7 ' 9.6 8.7 '
PCB's based upon 1242 standard
16.3 8.8 37.1 47.9
-
48.0 20.4 15.5 45.8 30.2 16.6
6.9 165.3
32.5 161.9
77.0
24.1 52.0 10.4 '
* Concentration based upon analysis of whole fish. All others based upon edible portion only
MOMS 0 6 7 8 0 6
river Grand
.--c::cr::iors of FC3's (polychlorinated biphshj .,) In the sattleable solids collected from the r...tfisof
the Grand, Kalamazoo, and St. Joseph Rivers; Spring 1973, for comparison of variable sampling periods.
Concentrations in ppm on an oven-dry basis.
.
Sample Tv-e a
3/21
3/23 3/30 4/2 4/4
Sample Dates 4/6 4/9 4/11 4/13 4/20 4/27 4/30 5/2 5/4 5/11
3X Weekly Biweekly Monthly
3.24
1.25
0.94 0.B5
1.6* 0.95 1.0 <0.1 1.1
0.93
1.53 1.00 0.73 1.41
0.55
0.74 0.50
0.83
3.5 0.53 0.80
t Mean.
0.77 0.60 0.50
"
Kalamazoo St. Joseph
3X Weekly Biweekly Monthly
3X Weekly Bi'.veekly Monthly
6.7 27.5 6.83 3.0 3.77
\ '
2.08 <0.1
2.62 "I.33 3.54
3.20 '<0.1 3.77 2.54
2.11
3.09
3.11 2.98 . 2.64 _
3.50 3.75 2.3 4.87 2.50 3.14 Mean
2.13
0.68 0.85
0.95 0.75 0.67
0.63
0.82 0.83 1.21
0.95 0.83
Mean
,
2 3X = Sample collected Mon, Wed. and Friday * Ccncentraticn based upon a 1:1 ratio of Aroclor 1242 and 1254. All other concentrations calculated as Aroclor 1242.
MGNS
o
I
Table 4. PCD concentrations in interstate water intake samples, Spring 1971.
{ ,
. Location
St. Clair River Port Huron Marysville St. Clair
E. China Twp. Marine City Algonac
'
Lake St. Clair Fairhaven
New Baltimore Mt, Clemens Grosse Pte. Farms
.
Detroit River Detroit-E. Jefferson Ave. Wyandotte Detroit-7.1 len Park
'.al;e Erie Monroe
Lake Superior White Pine Mine Eagle Harbor Copper Harbor Gay Baraga L'Anse Marquette Munising Sault Stc. Marie
.
.'
Collection Date
*
3-11-71 3-11-71 3-11-71 5-17-71 3-11-71 4-21-71
5-17-71 4-21-71 4-21-71 4-21-71
4-21-71 2-9-71 2-9-71
2-9-71
4-28-71 5-26-71 5-26-71 5-26-71 4-28-71 4-28-71 4-28-71 4-28-71 5-27-71
'
PCB's as Aroclor 1254 (ppb)
<0.010 <0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 <0.010
0.028
<0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 <0.010
< 0.010 <0.010 < 0.010
. <0.010
<0.010 <0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010
Lake Huron St. Ignacc A1pena East Tanas Saginaw-Midland Pinconning Day City
Lake Michigan South Ihivcn llol land Grand Rapids I'lUr.Ixom
s'
- 2-25-71 4-8-71 3-3-71 3-3-71 3-3-71 4-8-71
3-9-71 4-14-71 4-14-71 3-9-71
< 0.010 < 0.010 < 0.010
0.011 < 0.010 <0.010
< 0.010 < 0.010 <0.010 < 0.010
WONS 067808
Jable 4. Continued.
I
Location
Ludington Traverse City Escanaba Gladstone Menorninee Bridgeman
'
*' .
''
Collection , Date
' 3-9-71 3-2-71 2-25-71 2-25-71 3-23-71 4-14-71
.'
.
PCB's as flroclor 1254 (ppb)
| <0-.010 / <0.010 0.177 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010
( I 1
s
{
HONS 067609
l-ocation
~ Saginaw-Midland
Pinconning Bay City Port Hope Harbor Beach
Chippewa River lit. Pleasant
Pine P>iver Alma
'
*PCB's as Aroclor 1242
Collection Date
6-20-72 6-20-72 6-20-72 6-20-72 6-20-72
6-21-72
5-19-72
PCB's as Arnclor 1254 fppb)*
l <0.010 \ <0.010
0.046' <0.010 < 0.010
' <0.010
0.027
Table 5. PCB concentrations in Michigan water intake samples, 1972.
Location
Collection Date
St. Clair River Port Huron Marysville St. Clair E. China Twp. Marine City Algonac
5-16-72 5-16-72 5-16-72 5-22-72 5-16-72 5-16-72
Lake St. Clair Fairhaven New Baltimore
Mt. Clemens Grosse Pte Farms
5-16-72 5-16-72 5-16-72 5-16-72
Detroit River
Detroit-E. Jefferson 5-16-72
Ave.
Wyandotte
5-15-72
Detroit-Alien Park 5-16-72
ake Erie |Monroe '
5-15-72
Huron River Ann Arbor Flat Rock Ypsilanti
5-15-72 5-15-7? 5-15-72
River Raisin Adrian Blissfield Deerfield
Dundee
5-15-72 5-15-72 5-15-72 5-15-72
Lake Michigan Bridgeinan St. Joseph Benton Harbor South Haven Hoi1 and
Grand Rapids Muskegon Ludinqton Horthport Point Traverse City
Cscnnaha Gladstone Mcnoiiii m?o
5-23-72 5-18-72 5-18-72 5-18-72 5-18-72 5-18-72 5-18-72 5-19-72 6-21-72 6-21-72 8-28-72 8-28-72 8-23 72
-
PCB's as Aroclor
<0.010 <0.010 <0.010
0.032 <0.010
0.019
<0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010
<0.010
<0.010 <0.010
<0.010
<0.010 <0.010 <0.010
<0.010 <0.010 <0.010 0.013
<0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010
MCNS 067811
Tub!<? 5,. Continued
Location
Collection Date
Lake Michigan (Cont.) Grand Rapids
5-10-72
Rogue River Rockford
5-18-72
Muskegon River Big Rapids
, 5-19-72
Elk Lake Elk Rapids
6-21-72
Indian River Manistlque
8-28-72
Lake Antione Iron Mountain
Lake Fumee Norway
Lake Superior White Pine Mine Eaqle Harbor Copper Harbor Gay Baraga L'Anse Marquette Munising Sault Ste. Marie
8-29-72
8-29-72 I
8-29-72 8-30-72 8-30-72 8-30-72 8-30-72 8-30-72 11-24-72 8-31-72 8-31-72
', ~i
Black River Ramsey
8-29-72
Lake Sally Islipeming
8-30-72
Teal Lake Negaunee
. 8-30-72
Lake Huron Mackinaw Island St. Iqnace St. Iqnace A1puna Cast Tawas
(
8-31-72 9-1-72 12-14-72 6-21-72 6-20-72
PCB's as Aroclcr 1254
<0.010
. <0.0^0
<0.010
<0.010
<0.010
<0.010
. <0.010
<0.010 <0.010 <0.010 - <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010
<0.010
<0.010
<0.010
<0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010 <0.010
HONS 067812
Tahle. &
(
CITY Adrian
Albion Ann Arbor Battle Creek
Bay City
Benton Harbor St. Joseph Brighton Charlotte Constantine Detroit
'"xt.er (
..Polychlorinated Biphenyls (PCB's) in effluents
Of Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants throughout
Michigan 197-1972. Unless specified, all samples are
8 hr. composites.
1 HL
DATE
3-30-72 6-13-72 6-14-72 9-6-72
3-28-72
10-14-71 3-30-72
10-5-71 3-28-72 2-21-72 6-6-72 6-7-72
11-4-71 11-22-71 11-23-71 3-2-72a 4-4-72 6-13-72 6-14-72 9-14-72
10-28-71 4-4-72
10-5-71
7-20-72
4-4-71
10-14-71 12-20-72c 1-20-72 3-9-72 , 4-17-72" 6-1-72 10-19-72
10-14-71
PCB's as Aroclor 1254 (PPb)
1.80 14.00
6.90 0.41
0.44
0.14 <0.10
0.39 0.16 0.92 0.28 0.21
340.00 210.00
60.00 290.00
19.00 11.00 25.00
5.70*
0.99 0.31
0.38
0.61
0.85
2.20 3.00 0.92 2.40 1.80 0.88 2.50**
<0.10
Moan Ippii 4.60
0.44 0.12 0.39
120.00
0.65 0.38 0.61 0.85 1.95
0.10
MGNS 0678X3
t
Table 6 . {'age .Two
CITY ( ' .....
E. Lansing
Escanaba Essexville
Flint
.
. . .
Flushing Gladstone Grand Haven Grand Rapids
1 Holland
"
HoughtonHancock
Iron {fountainKingsford
Ironwood
Jackson
'
Kalamazoo
l1Anse J nnsinn (
DATE
11-15-71 .4-3-71
' 12-16-71
11-4-71 3-31-72
10-5-71 3-31-72 6-7-72 6-0-72
10-5-7.2
10-5-72
7-21-72
1 --4-4-72' | 11-15-71
3-30-72
10-20-71 3-29-72
3-21-72
3-21-72 4-4-72
3-20-72
11-16-71 2-21-72 3-28-72 .
10-5-71 3-28-72 6-6-72 6-7-72
12-6-72
4-21-72
10-7-71 4-4-72
V
PCB's Aroclor 1254 (PPb)
Mean (PPb)
0.69 0.35
0.29
0.21 0.28
.
1.30 0.92 0.47 0.30 < 0.10
0.52
0.19
<0.50
0.37 0.68
0.79 0.42
. j
. .
-
0.51 0.29 0.24 0.68
6.52 0.19 <0.50 0.52 0.60
<0.10
0.55 1.20
0.16
<0.10 <0.10 <0.10
1.30 0.83 0.48 0.53 0.19e
<0.10
0.23 0.13
0.10 0.87
0.16 <0.10 ;
0.66
<0.10 0. IP
HONS 067814
Page Three
. ' !
CITY
. ' '
"
* DATE
'TanTstique
' 12-15-72
Marquette
12-14-71
Marshall
3-20-72
I'cnomi nee
12-15-71
Midland .
. 2-2-72 3-31-72
' J 4-14-72 "10-2-72
Milford
10-14-71
Monroe
.-
11-15-71 3-30-72
Mt. Clemens
1! t.. Pleasant
t
11-15-71 3-30-72 6-7-72c 6-8-72c 7-26-72 8-2-72
3-31-72
Muskegon
11-15-71c
Muskegon Heights
11-15-71c
Niles
4-4-72
Norway
4-5-72
Ontonagon
4-21-72
Owosso
9-14-72
Parchment
. 4-20-72 .
Pontiac (Auburn Rd.)
11-17-71 3-30-72
Pontiac (E. Blvd.) "ortago
11-17-71 3-30-72 6-6-72 6-7-72
ll-lS-?!11
PCB/s Aroclor 1254 _(ppl>)
<0.20
' .
0.35
<0.10
0.35
0.29 0.40 0.13 0.13
<0.10
0.60 0.33
1.40 2.90 4.50 3.10 9.40 10.00
<0.10
0.28
0.37
0.68
0.40
<0.10
<0.10
<0.10
<0.10 0.61
0.20 1.30 0.15 0.16
1.90
Mean Cone, (ppb) <0.20 0.35 <0.10 0.35 0.23
<0.10 0.46
5.21
<0.10 0.28 0.37 0.68 0.40
<0.10 <0.10 <0.10
0.35
0.45
1.90
ACIXS 067815
Paga Four
/
1
CITY ^ Port Huron
. DATE
PCB's as
Aroclor 1254
(PPb)
.
11-15-71 3-30-72
0.28 0.52
`
Saginaw
.
'` St. Ignace
' ,
10-6-71 3-31-72 6-7-72 6-8-72
. 10-4-72d
12-15-72
1.10 3.83 2.00 1.50 0.74
<0.20
.
South Haven
4-4-72
<0.10
Swartz Creek
10-5-72
<0.10
Three Rivers
4-4-72
<0.30
Trenton
11-16-71 3-30-72
6-6-72 . 6-7-72
0.14 1.10
0.47 0.91e
Warren
11-15-71 3-30-72
0.16 0.10
Wayne County (Wyandotte)
11-16-71 3-30-72
0.64 0.17
.
White Pine
4-21-72
0.2
Wyoming .
*
ll-30-72c 3-30-72
0.44 0.55
Ypsilanti
11-16-71 4-2-72
0.22 0.21
Ypsilantl Twp #1
11-16-71 4-2-72
0.12 <0.10
Ypsilanti Twp 02
`
11-16-71 '
0.19
4-2-72
0.16
*Aroclor 1242 Standard "Aroclor 1242 and 1254 in 1:1 ratio
''0 hr t'lll hr
c24 hr
dGrab
choxane lost
GRAND HEAH
Mean Ci (ppb) 0.40 1.80
<0.20 <0.10 <0.10 <0.30
0.53
0.13 0.40 0.20 0.49 0.21 0.11 0.17
2.55
\ HONS 06 7816
Table 7. '' '
.
Concentrations of PCB's in the Final Effluent from Wastewater Treatment Plants throughout Michigan,
' Spring, 1973. Concentrations in parts per billion dry weight.
CITY
Adrian Albion Ann Arbor Day City Battle Creek Benton Harbor-
St. Joseph Brighton Cadillac Charlotte
Constantine Detroit Dexter East Lansing Escanaba Essexvllle Flint Gladstone Grand Haven Grand Rapids .loll and HoughtonHancock Iron MountainKingsford Ironwood Jackson Kalamazoo L'Anse Lansing Manistlque Marquette Marshall Menominee Midland Milford Monroe (It. Clemens Mt. Pleasant Muskegon i'ur.kciitm Heights Kilos l.'orway Ottos so
iiii.iac (Auburn) .online (E. Hlvd.) Port Huron Si'jjin aw Siiull Stc. Marie
'>
DATE
3/7 2/22 3/1 3/1 2/28
2/28 3/1 3/28 5/1 2/28 2/28 3/1 5/2 3/28 3/1 2/22 3/28 2/21 2/21 2/21
3/27
3/28 3/27 2/22 2/29 3/27 4/18 3/28 3/27 2/22 2/28 3/1 3/8 5/4 3/8 3/28 2/28 2/28 2/20 3/28 2/21 3/12 3/12 3/8 3/1 3/28
PCB's
1242
1254
1242:125'!
3.20
0.34 0.25 .
<0.10
0.26
2.15 ..
..
0.20
0.53 0.34 0.46
0.23 0.18
0.10 <0.10
0.44 <0.10
1.05 <0.10
0.33 0.28
0.18
.
' -
0.69
<0.1
0.22 0.63 0.29 0.15 0.57 <0.10
<0.10
0.29 0.88 0.18 0.48 <0.10 0.12
0.73
0.29 1.12 0.31
2.20 2.90
o.r.o
0.54 1.80 0.7/
HONS 067817
Page Two
CUT
( v. Ignace v Three Rivers
Traverse City Trenton Warren Wayne County Uyoming Ypsilanti Ypsilanti Twp #1 Ypsilanti Twp #2
DATE
. , ,
3/28 2/21
3/7 2/28
. 2/27 2/28
2/21 . 2/28
3/1 3/1
1242
PCB's 1254
. 0.31
. <0.10
<0.10
<0.10
. <0.10
j 0.40
1
0.22
<0.10 <0.10
1242:1254
0.31
''Concentrations based on best fit of 3 standards: Aroclor 1242. Aroclor 1254, or a mixture of Aroclor 1242 and 1254 in a 1:1 ratio.
i
MGNS 067818
Table 8. Concentrations of PCB's in the sludge from fifty-seven municipal wastewater treatment plants in Michigan, Spring 1973. Concentrations in parts per million, dry weight.
Cit Adrian Albion
. Date 3/ 7
' 2/22
Ann Arbor
. 3/1
Bay City
3/1
Battle Creek
2/2B
Benton HarborSt. Joseph
2/28
Brf ghton
3/1
Cadillac
3/28
Charlotte
5/1
Constantine
2/28
Detroit
2/28
Dexter
3/1
E. Lansing
5/2
Escanaba
3/28
Essexville
3/1
Flint
2/22
Gladstone
3/28
Grand Haven
2/21
Grand Rapids
2/21
Holland
2/21
Howell
4/2G
llnuglilon-llancocl:
3/27
1242
352.0
'#
} 32.1
ii
FCB's* 1254
1.5 1.1
1242:1254 24.0
2.8 13.8
<0.1 <0.1
6.8 2.1
3.2 4.6 5.9 3.9 6.3 4.1 4.1 11.8 0.8 15.0 5.5
MGNS 067819
'Table 8. Continued.
Citx
Date
Iron Mountain Kings ford
3/28
Ironwood
3/27
Jackson
' 2/22
Kalamazoo L'Anse
2/29 *
3/27
Lansing
4/18
Manistlque
3/28
Marquette Marshall ' Menominee
3/27 2/221
1 2/28
Midland
3/1
Milford
3/8
Monroe
5/4
Mt. Clemens
3/8
Mt. Pleasant
3/28
Muskegon Muskegon Heights
2/28 2/28
Niles
2/20
Nonvay
3/28
Owosso
2/21
Pontiac (Auburn)
3/12
Pontiac (E. Blvd.) 3/12
Port Huron
3/8
1242 23.3
.' j175.0
.'* J
PCB's 1254
9.5 j
5.2
3.0
.
1242:12!
4.4 5.3 1.5 2.8 3.9 .4.2 2.9
3.3
. 50.5
6.5 12.7 11.0 ' 7.8 <0.1 2.0
' 1 1 j
!
12.1 9.2 9.2
HONS 067820
Table 8. Continued.
City
Date
Saginaw
,3/1
Sault Ste. Marie 3/28
St. Ignace
, 3/28
Three Rivers
2/21
Traverse City
3/7
Trenton
3/28
Warren
2/27
Wayne County
2/28
Wyoming
2/21
Ypsilanti
2/28
Ypsilanti Twp. #1 3/1
Ypsilanti Twp #2 3/1
PCB's
-
1254_____________ 1242:1254
5.0 . .
*,
1.5
4.1
1.8
<0.1
<0.1
0.58
2.0 <0.1 <0.1
Concentration based on best fit of 3 standards: Aroclor 1242, Aroclor 1254, or a mixture of Aroclor 1242 and 1254 in a 1:1 ratio.
l s'
HONS 067821
V
.... ....... Table 9 (.
Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) in composite water samples
from the Saginaw River at Bay Harbor Marina, March 1971 -
My 1973.
I
Concentration
1
Collection Date '
in parts per billion
3-9-71 6-10-71 8-27-71 10-26-71 6-8-72 10-13-72 10-29-72 10- 30-72 11- 1-72 11-2-72 11-4-72 11-6-72 1-26-73 5-24-73
0.450 0.560 2.900 1.100 0.640 0.360 <0.020 <0.020 0.091 0.031 <0.020 0.022 <0.100
0.210
i I /
*
( MOMS 067822
.ible 10. Concentrations of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB's) found in fish species ^ taken from Michigan waters of Lake Michigan during 1972*.
. * ?cies .ewife ::rp :ub .nominee
rch
PCB's by Oistrict**in ppm (sample size in parenthesis) MM3 MM4 MM5 MK6 MM7 MM8 '
1.7 (3) * 1.
2.3 (1) 3.2 (2)
2.7 (6) , 2.7 (6) )
3.9(6)
8.5 (8) 6.5 (9)
0.8 (1) 1.2 (2)
0.5 (1) 0.4 (5) 0.5 (11)
Total #
Fish
Mean
Sampled Concentratin'
16 2.4 0.6
6 3.9 2.0
19 7.0 4.2
3 1.1
17 0.4 0.4
ho Salmon
,inook Salmon
cksrs
.el head
0.8 (6)
11.2 (3) 12.4 (io|
1 '6.0 (2)
0.7 (2)| 1.5 (3)
1.1 (6)
3
TO 17
2
i Trout 11.1 (3) 6.4 (3)
3.2 (2) 5.7 (6) 9-2 (6)
20
itefish i
. 0.6 (3)
0.8 (2) 1.1 (D
6
Data from Michigan's Great Lakes Environmental Contaminant Survey. 1972.
Zones of Lake Michigan within Michigan Boundaries
MM3 - northern Basin
j
M14 - Grand Traverse Bay
''
.
KM5 ft MM6 - Central Basin
-
Ivl7 & MM8 - Southern Basin
.
11.2 12.4 5.0
1.0 0.7 6.0 7.4 4.0 0.7 0.3
f
(
MGNS 067823
References Cited
^ Uesse, J> I* and Ronald Willson 1972. Evaluation of the Aquatic Environment
of the Kalamazoo River Watershed, Part A: Biological Survey, June-August,
1D71. Michigan Water Resources Cooroission Report.
.
*
i
i
(
i
s'
HONS 067824