Document 3er3pwO1Y1LJEz03Mxdz7zGXa

Origins of Human Cancer BOOKC Human Risk Assessment edited by H. H. Hiatt Harvard School of Public Health J. D. Watson Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory J. A. Winsten Harvard School of Public Health COLD SPRING HARBOR CONFERENCES ON CELL PROLIFERATION VOLUME 4 Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory 1977 OLI 3481 Copied by MCA for distribution to the Vinyl Chloride Technical Panel and Research Coordinators, April 17, 1978, Mr. J. T. Seawell Abstracts of Papers for the Seventeenth Annual Meeting of the Society of Toxicology, San Francisco, California March 12--16, 1978 246. The Effect of Oisulfiram on Vinyl ChlorideTnduced Carcinogenesis in Mice. J. M. We-iston, J.C. Bhandam, A.M. El-hawaim, R.D. Short, Jr., and C. C. Lee, rharmacoIogy-Toxicology, Midwest Research Institute, Kansas City, Missouri. Male and female CD-I mice were exposed to 50, 7.50, or 1000 ppm of vinyl chloride (VC) 6 hr/day, 5 days/week for 49 weeks. To determine the effect of disuifiram (DS) on VC-induced carcinogenesis, one-half of the mice received 0.1% DS in the daily diet for the duration of the study. Bronchiolo-alveolar adenomas were found In all mice exposed to 1000 ppm of VC both with and without DS treatment. However, the tumors tended to occur at a later time in the DStreated mice. The incidence of hepatic hemangiosarcoma in the mice erposecTfo k;00 ppmot VC was less in the mice treated with DS than mice without DS treatment. Die incidence of mammary gland tumors in females exposed to 1000 ppm of VC was also reduced wirh DS treatment. In mice exposed to 750 ppm of VC, the incidence of bronchiolo-alveolar adenoma was not affected by DS treatment. The incidence of hepatic hemangiosm coma in 750-ppm VC exposed mice was reduced by DS treatment. Studies of the activity of hepatic mixed function oxidase enzymes showed DS treatment to reduce the activity. DS plus VC resale' in a narda! decrease in activity. These data suggest that chronic D3 treatment may produce at least partial protection agatest VC-taduced carcinogenesis and that the effect of DS on mixed-function oxidase activity may be involved in this protective effect. (Supported bv Contract Mo. MtF.Hp. N0J-53-2-2C24.) OLX 3481a . (i- (4 u-t Titi, --*. - TSx') b *M. y ^ Ho IhaA^* *'1 T * '*'f lim mAy~`A ' CHEMICAL MANUFACTURERS ASSOCIATION * *- I D November 10, 1986 TO: HEALTH AND SAFETY CONTACTS OF CMA MEMBER COMPANIES FROM: Nancy G. Doerrer Manager, Health, Safety-^And Chemical Regulations SUBJECT: lARC's Classification of Potential Chemical Carcinogens: March 1987 Monograph Meetings As part of a chemical industry Initiative to promote the development and application of sound scientific principles, CMA requests your continued participation in the 1986-1987 1ARC Monograph program. BACKGROUND The Chemical Manufacturers Association has been invited to nominate an observer to participate in two upcoming meetings of the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). Since July 1986, many of you have assisted CMA in evaluating key indus trial chemicals in preparation for IARC Monograph meetings to be held 2-9 December 1986 in Lyon, France. At that time a working group of experts chosen by IARC will assess the activity of approximately 200 chemicals/ exposures in short-term tests. Dale W. Matheson, Ph.D., of Stauffer Chemical Company will attend the December meeting as the official CMA Observer. Richard H. McKee, Ph.D., of Exxon Biomedical Sciences, Inc., will serve as the Alternate. Final preparations for the December meeting are well under way. At a second meeting, to be held 10-17 March 1986 in Lyon, the degrees of evidence for carcinogenicity in humans and experimental animals will be assessed for the 200 chemicals/exposures. An overall evaluation of carcino genic risk to humans wild. then be made based on experimental and epidemio logical data. The list of chemicals/exposures is attached for your review (Attachment 1). These substances have previously been evaluated by IARC in Volumes 1-41 of the Monographs *"" .undergoing a second review. OLI 3482 Formerly Manufacturing Chemists Association--Serving the Chemical Industry Since 1872 2501 M Street, NW Washington, DC 20037 Telephone 202/887-1100 Telex 89617 (CMA WSH) CMA Health and Safety Contacts November 10, 1986 Page 2 INDUSTRY PARTICIPATION The CMA Health and Safety Committee's IARC Work Group is organizing Industry participation In the March 1987 meeting. The number of chemicals and short time period for assessment of this list has dictated a method of action that requires full CMA member company participation. The following schedule has been constructed to prepare for effective scientific input at this important meeting: DEADLINE: DECEMBER 1, 1986 o Identify chemicals/exposures on the list (Attachment 1) that are of specific concern to your company. o Identify company expert(s) to assess the health effects literature and evaluate the carcinogenic data on chemicals of concern to your company. Return the attached form (Attachment 2) to CMA by December 1, 1986. o Nominate the CMA Observer to attend the March 1987 IARC Monograph meetings. The CMA Observer will not have a vote at the upcoming Monograph meetings, but will have the opportunity to contribute to discussions concerning the scientific evidence for classifying chemicals as carcinogens. The nomination of this observer will consist of careful selection from a list of names generated by representatives of CMA member companies. The CMA IARC Work Group encourages you to suggest potential nominees. H. Vainio, M.D., Chief of lARC's Unit of Carcinogen Evaluation and Identification, has requested that CMA submit the name of the industry observer to IARC by 31 December 1986. DEADLINE: DECEMBER 15, 1986 o Submit to CMA a bibliography of recently published animal and epidemiological information relevant to the carcinogenic assessment of chemicals of concern to your company. (Dr. Vainio recently made this specific request in a letter to CMA of 29 October 1986. By "recently published," we interpret Dr. Vainio's request to mean relevant articles published since the IARC Monograph in question was issued.) DEADLINE: JANUARY 14, 1987 o Submit to CMA an executive summary (using the format outlined in Attachment 3) describing lARC's assessment of the chemical/exposure in question, your assessment, and a full bibliography, including unpublished studies. A logical method for arriving at the conclusions in your executive summary is as follows: OLI 3483 CMA Health and Safety Contacts November 10, 1986 Page 3 Begin your review by locating the appropriate IARC Monograph(s) in which the original IARC carcinogenicity evaluation was described. By refer ring to the cumulative index at the back of the latest volume of the IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of the Carcinogenic Risk of Chemicals to Humans, you will easily access the appropriate Monograph(s), Next, identify IARC's conclusions on a given chemical's carcinogenic potential. These conclusions will be expressed as "degrees of evidence" for carcinogenicity from studies in humans, in experimental animals, and from short-term tests. An overall evaluation of carcinogenic risk to humans may have been made for chemicals assessed in Volumes 1-29. These evaluations appear in Supplement 4 of the IARC Monographs (October 1982) as classifications into Groups 1, 2a, 2b or 3. (Refer to the "Preamble" to each Monograph for an explanation of the "degrees of evidence" and the groupings.) CMA suggests that you review the appropriate IARC Monograph for accurate interpretation and inclusion of relevant information. Identify in stances where you believe IARC may have misinterpreted the evidence. Secondly, identify key information not considered by IARC, i.e. data that was overlooked at the time of consideration by the IARC Committee and/or new Information that has been developed since the Monograph was published. CMA contends that published and unpublished data should be reviewed in IARC evaluations. IARC's policy is to consider only published informa tion; nevertheless, this policy does not preclude the chemical industry from including valid, high quality industrial test data in our written submission of chemical reviews to IARC. In the event that you find key information that is new to the IARC carcinogen evaluation, consider submitting the data for publication to a peer-reviewed journal or some other written public forum. Taking this step assures that the data will be officially considered by the IARC Committee. Although it may be unrealistic to expect reclassifications for chemicals in Group 1, it is nevertheless important to review any new or un published information previously unavailable to the IARC Working Groups. At the March 1987 meetings, IARC will make "... evaluations of the degrees of evidence for carcinogenicity in humans and experimental animals ... for these chemicals and exposures and an overall evaluation of carcinogenic risk to humans will be made based on experimental and epidemiological data." To assist you in making your own evaluation, CMA suggests that you review two papers: a) Review and Recommendations for the Revision of the Preamble and Criteria of the IARC Monographs, CMA/AIHC/API/NACA/PMA, July, 1986 (recently sent to you under separate cover). b) Criteria for Identifying and Classifying Carcinogens, Mutagens and Teratogens, CMA/SOCMA/CEFIC/CCPA. In press, Reg. Toxicol. Pharmacol., December 1986. OUT 3484 CMA Health and Safety Contacts November 10, 1986 Page 4 .Please contact me if you need copies of either of these documents. Finally, write an executive summary on your findings, and include a full bibliography. Retain your file of collected articles, manu scripts or other forms of information at your office for future reference by the CMA IARC Work Group and the CMA Observer. CMA anticipates that in your executive summaries you will divulge no confidential information. If such information is included, please designate it with a CBI notation. CMA recognizes that there may be significant overlap in company inter ests in a given chemical. When we receive your list of chemicals and names of company experts, we will put you in touch with other member companies who have expressed the same interest so that you may equitably distribute the task of literature searching and carcinogen evaluation. If you are interested in having your company's chemicals represented at the March 1987 IARC Monograph meetings, please make every effort to meet the deadlines cited in this memo. I can be reached at 202/887-1282 with your questions or comments. I look forward to hearing from you. Attachments cc: IARC PROJECT PARTICIPANTS: December 1986 IARC Monograph Meetings CMA Health and Safety Committee OLI 3485 ATTACHMENT 1 lARC MONOGRAPHS ON THE EVALUATION OF THE CARCINOGENIC RISK OF CHEMICALS TO HUMANS: CHEMICALS AND INDUSTRIAL PROCESSES ASSOCIATED WITH CANCER IN HUMANS: UPDATING OF SUPPLEMENT 4 (FART I & PART D) Exposure TENTATIVE LIST OF SUBSTANCES AND EXPOSURES TO BE CONSIDERED (AC IARC Monograph Meetings December 2-9, 1986, and March 10-17, 1987) Erasure Acetaldehyde Acrolein Acrylonitrile Actincoycin D Adriamycin Aflatoxins Aldrin Aluminium production 4-Ami nobijheny1 Amitrole Anaesthetics, volatile Analgesic mixtures containing phenaoetin Fhenacetin injlin* i* )iu4rwiVlHr^a} Arsenic and arsenic caapuids Asbestos Attapulgite Auramine, sanufacture of Auramine Azathicprine Benzene Benzidine Ben2idine-based dyes: Direct Blade 38 Direct Blue 6 Direct Brown 95 Berylliro and beryllim aagicund*! Betel quid with and without tobacco (diewing) Betel leaf Areca rut N,N'-Bi* (2-chloroethyl)-2-naphthyl" amine (Qilomaphazine) Bisdiloroethyl nitrosourea (BCNU) Bis(chlorotBthyl)ether and technical grade chloranethyl methyl ether Bitumens Bleomycins Boot and shoe nuiufacture and repair Bracken fern 1,3-Butadiene 1,4-Butanediol dimethanesulphnate (Myleran) Cadmium and cadmivsn compands Carbon blades Ou-bcn tetrachloride Carpentry and joinery Qianotherapy for lygphoeas: HDPP, etc. OUorasfcucil Oiloraaphenicol OLI 3486 Qilordane/Heptachlor Exposure - 2- Oilarinated toluenes, production of Benzal diloride Benzotrichioride Benzoyl chloride Benzyl diloride 1- (2-Qiloroethyl )-3-^yclohexyl-lnitrosourea (COW) Chloroform Qilarcphenols 2,4-Di chlorophenol Pentachlarcphenol 2,3,4,6-Tet radiiorcphenol 2.4.5-Trichlorcphenol 2.4.6-Tr idilorophenol Qiloroprene Cholesterol Chromiun and chromium compounds ortho-Chrysoidine Cisplatin Clofibrate Goal gasification Coal-tar pitches Cbal-tars Co* production Creosotes . Cyclase tes Cyclophosphamide Decarbazine Ebpscne DOT Diazepam 1,2-DibrocD-3-chlorcpropane Exposure ATTACHMENT 1 ortho-Di dilorobenzene and para-Didilorcbenzene 3,3 '^idilorobenxidine Di diloromethane 1,3-Di chlorcpropene Dieldrin Diethyl sulphate 3,3 '-Oimethoxybenzidine (orthoDianisidine) Dimethylearbampyl chloride Dimethyl sulphate l,4^Jioxane Zpichlorohydrin &ionite Ethylene dib- snide Ethyleie oxide Ethylene thiourea Fluorides (inorganic, in drinkingwater) 5-Fluorcuracil Fbrmaldehyde Furniture and cabinet making Haematite mining, underground (with exposures to radon) Haesmtite (iron oxide) Hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorocyclchexane Hydralazine Hydrazine OLI 3487 Iron and steel founding Exposure -3- Iron dextran complex Iscnicotinic acid hydrazide Isopropyl alcohol aanufacture (strong-acid process) Isopropyl alcohol Isopropyl oils Lead and lead oospounds Leather dusts Leather goods sanufacture Leather tanning and processing Lunber and sawmill industry Magenta, sanufacture of Magenta Melphalan 6-Mercaptopjrine Methotrexate 5-Methoxypsoralen (+ UVR) 6-Methoxypsoralen (+ UVR) Methyl bromide 4,4'^lethyiene bis(2-c'nioroaniline) (rCCA) 4,4*-Methylene bis(2^nethylaniline) N-Methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine Metronidazole Mineral oils Mustard gas 1-Naphthylamine 2-Naphthylaaine 1-Naphthylthiourea Exposure ATTACHMENT 1 Nickel r fining Nickel and nidcel compounds Nitrogen aistard Ochratoxin A Oxynetholone Fhenazcpyridine (and its hydrochloride) Fhcnelxine Riencbarbital Fhenoxyaeid herbicides 2.4-0 and esters 2.4-OP MCPA MCPP Silvex * 2,4,5-T and esters Phenylbutazone N-f^eriyl-2-naphthylami ne Rvenytoin Polybrominated biphenyls Polychlorinated biphenyls Prednisone Procarbazine hydrochloride Propylene oxide Propylthiouracil Pulp and paper sanufacture Feserpine Rubber industry Saccharin Seplolite OLI 3488  Exposur 4 Sex horanes: Ctanbined oral contraceptives Sequential oral contraceptives Other osstrogen-progestin cosfeinations Androgens: Testosterone Oestrogen*: Chlorotrianisene Conjugated oestrogens Dienoestrol Diethylstilhoestrol Diethylstilboestrol dipropionate Ethinyloestradiol Hezoestrol Mestranol 0estradiol-17s and esters Oestriol Oestrcne and oestrone benzoate Progestins: Chlomadinone acetate Dimethisterone Ethynodiol diacetate 17a-Hydroxyprogesterone caproate Lynoestrenol Medroxyprogesterone acetate Megestrol acetate Norethisterone Norethisterone acetate Norethynodrel Norgestrel Progesterone Oth r: deni phene Clomiphene citrate Shal -oils Silica Smokeless tobacco products Soots (and soot extracts) Spironolactone Styrene Sulfafurazole Sulfamethoxazole Talc* Exposure ATTACHMENT 1 Tetrachlorodibenzo-para^Sioxin (TCDO) =" * 1,1.2,2-Tetrachlaroethane Ttetrechlaroethylene Tobacco moke 2,4- and 2,6-Ttoluene diisocyanates ortho-Toluidine Iteosulphan TriAlaroethylene 4,5,,8-Trinethylpsoralen (+ UVR) Tris(aziridinyl)-gera-benzcquinone (Triaziquone) Tris(l-aziridinyl) phosphine sulphide (Thiotepa) Uracil sustard Vinblastine sulphate Vincristine sulphate Vinyl Aloride Vinylidene chloride ttollastcnite Wood dusts OLI 3489