Document 3emgeQqxjk18RxEV0Ba2vX2ya

J PLAINTIFF'S EXHIBIT Industry Speaks miHOUSTRV. f c 0< fl wl it go, wai pla bu. I ing. vers prot font dist: with 52 Why We Want Atomic Power / Adapted lrom remarks by Gordon Dean, Im mediate' Past Chairman, United States Atomic Energy Commission, before the Annual Meet ing' of the Edison Electric Institute. / / E want atomic power because there is a de/Y mand for it. We kno^uihis-'because of the / intense interest dempustfafed by so many industries / and businessps-iffTt. One might conclude that if / there js^a"'3emand for atomic power/it must be V. -wenrtfT going after. But this is hardly a national/policy reason for pushing toward the early development of an atomic power industry in this coumry. A good national policy reason would be^irovided, of course, if we were on the verge of etfnning out of coal, oil or gas in a year or two. Bur we are not. This may be true of others, but it A not true of the United States. Why, then, jao we wont atomic power? I think we want atomic power because as soon as it comes into being/ft will reduce the rate at which we are using up/our other natural resources. It will release them far other uses or permit us to conserve them for future specialized use. We want atomic power because our demand for energy in this country and in the world is increasing at/ an enormous rote, and the costs of producing sujch fuels as oil and gaswjJ^teeeMy-me-aithe supplies dwindle;-W'VITrneed a supplementar source of gfltFrgyj and to be ready when the t comes we must push ahead now. We need atomic power because atomic f are virtually weightless fuels. They can be tp anywhere in the world--To the source of the raw materials upon which industries are bgfsed--to deserts, to mountains, and to islands. We need atomic power so that w^may help our friends in the world who are in neea-of new sources of power. I have particularly in mind those who have been and ore supplying/us with the uranium with which we are feeding ,our weapons program. And I think we need ptomic power because no one really knows the dnormous impact this new source of energy may fjave on our economy and our mod1e ofr "lifre. I 1have hheeaardrdt.h...a..t...t.here wer who asked Henry Fordf,.^^Why do- 1 mobile when we can get where we're going quicker on a horse?' Right now- our objective is to advance our atomic power technology to ..the point where it can com pete with the "horse? thct is coal, gas and oil. But that is iust the beginning. I snow, and I think we cl! know that there is more in the atom than that. Ten Points for Advancement Adapted trom remarks by Dan. I. Haughton, vice president and general manager ol the Georgia Division, Lockheed Aircralt Corpora tion, Marietta, Georgia, before the graduates ol the Southern Technical Institute. THE industrial road to success is, of course, a two way street. But from industry's standpoint the following are ten points for advancement: I. Industry respects the graduate who seeks and obtains his job on his own, with only the aid of the placement bureau of his school, and without the help of influential friends and family. This gives the newcomer more confidence and industry feels more confident of the new-comer. 2. Industry expects absolute integrity and hon esty, regardless of circumstances. This quality must be a part of a man's character. 3. Drive and enthusiasm are essential. This means thinking of work as a pleasure and the realization of an ambition. No one should stay on a job for a long period of time if he cannot work it into a challenge. The newcomer should do more than is asked and more than is expected. 4. Dependability. This starts the first day at work and it means being on the job before the pre scribed time and staying on the job throughout the working day. A company can be no more depend able than its people. 5. A man should have loyalty to his company and to the individual employee both on and off the job. Lack of loyalty hurts the company and its supervision, but most of all it hurts the individual. -6. An open mind that is willincfTo continue learn ing. Men with more experience will eagerly help the man; who honestly wants to learn. Ideas come from below as well as from up top. 7. Humility is a greot asset. To me the greatest sales point of human character is humility, and the larger the job you advance to, the more important humility becomes. Progress will come faster to those who practice humility from the start. And humility does not mean letting someone walk over you. 8. Keep an even disposition. Criticism will have to be accepted at times, as well as praise. If the boss did not think you were susceptible to help, he would dispense with your services. 9. Be kind and be just a "plain human being.'' 10. And, finally, fulfill your obligations to your God., your country, your family, and to your com munity. The activities other than your work will givyou a source Tom which to draw strength wheo you need it. SOUTHERN POWER 4 INDUSTRY for AUGUST, 1953 RS-000149 1/17/02 NUECES Arrangement of the equipment now installed and design of the control rooms are such that further expan sion can be carried out with mini mum amount of interference with operations. Two-way radio com munication is available between the two boiler plants as well as tele phone. Both plants have inter-com systems that can also operate over the two-way radio. Since the two plants are physically connected with each other as well as to processing plants by the 650 psi steam system, close liaison is necessary. Section of the Riley 250,000 lb/hr, 650 psi, 750 F steam temperature boiler. psi. The lower pressure steam is used to drive prime movers and for processing. A 16 in. header con nects the 650 psi steam systems of the new and existing boiler plants. The new plant is of outdoor de sign. The only sheltered locations are two brick, air conditioned build ings that house the controls for the boilers and water treating plant. Steam Generators The boilers are Riley 250,000 lb/hr. 650 psi two-drum units with forced and induced draft. Each is equipped with Riley high velocity superheaters, producing a final steam temperature of 750 F. The distribution of heating surface is as follows: boiler, 16,985 sq ft; superheater, 4800 sq ft; water walls. 7530 sq ft. The Riley Stoker Corporation boiler is entirely ol outdoor design. Fuel gas regular.r.g valve and burners are accessible from ground level and two platforms, respectively SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY tor AUGUST. I9S3 RS-400161 1/17/02 NUECES 45 t-sited, a light gas oil is used rather than the conventional grade of fuel oil. This eliminates the need for oil heating facilities and provides a standby source of fuel that pre sents few handling or firing prob lems. Draft Fans Combustion air is supplied by a forced draft fan of 375,000 lb/hr capacity. The drive is a 273 hp turbine fitted for speed control. Air temperature is raised from 80 F to 450 F by a Riley tubular, single pass, cross-flow preheater with 25,000 sq ft of heating surface. Com bustion gases are removed from the furnace by an induced draft fan of 400,000 lb/hr capacity. The' drive is a 276 hp turbine similar to that used on the forced draft fan. Each boiler has a 7 ft diameter, 75 ft high (.above ground) stack to re ceive the discharge from the in duced draft fan. Feedwater Pumps Feedwater is supplied to the boiler# at 250 F by three fourstage. 638 gpm, 1875 ft TD.H pumps. Two are driven by 450 hp turbines and one by a 2300v. 450 hp motor. One of the three pumps is used as a spare. Miniature Indicators and Control Units All boiler controls, pressure in dicators and steam flow meters are in a central, air conditioned control room located at ground level. Pres surized piping has been eliminated from the control room by the use of pneumatic transmitters on all measured factors of flow, pressure, level, draft and speed. Boiler meters, feedwater control and com bustion control were furnished by the Bailey Meter Company. Record ing instruments are mounted on. a vertical panel. All Bailey Mini-Line indicating and control instruments are mounted on a sectionalized con sole located in front of the recorder panel. The flow transmitters for the boiler are of the square root ex tracting type so that air pressures developed by the pneumatic trans mitters vary directly with changes in rates of flow. All transmitters are mounted as close to the point of measurement as is consistent with accessibility from the standpoint of maintenance. The primary focus of the op erators attention is the sectional ized control console which provides an inclined control panel at approx imately desk height, with a nearly vertical indicator panel sloping up ward from the control panel. One console section is provided for each boiler. On the central, master con trol section, indicators and control are on the nearly vertical panel in order to provide a desk area for the operator. The Mini-Line indicators are vertical scale type pneumatic re ceivers and are so grouped that the "pointer pattern" is made use of to facilitate scanning by the operators. The control panels of the boiler consoles include the necessary re mote manual-automatic selector valves, selector switches and remote manual loading stations. A typical selector valve operation is described. The Bailey combustion control system functions in the following manner. The 650 psi steam header pressure actuates the master steam pressure controller which, in turn, controls the fuel simultaneously on each boiler. The induced draft on each boiler is controlled in parallel with the fuel but is readjusted by Forced and induced drait Ians are driven by speed controlled turbines. SOUTH SRN POWER & INDUSTRY -or AUGUST, 1953 RS-000163 1/17/02 NUECES n*ay be operated by manual-auto matic selector valves. These selector valves also permit adjustment of the control point while in automatic operation. Air for the operation of all pneumatic instruments is supplied by a horizontal 7 in. by 5 in. recip rocating compressor with a ca pacity of 75 cfm at 50 psi. The drive for the compressor is a 15 hp, 440 volt motor. After being compressed, the air is first passed through an aftercooler, accumulator and an air dryer before being distributed to the instruments. The air dryer has a capacity of 150 cfm and uses silica gel as a drying medium. Re generation is automatic and op erates on a four-hour cycle. Pressure control on the instru ment air system is automatic. High pressure (120 psi) plant air, with an automatic pressure reducing valve, provides a source of standby air for use when the instrument air compressor is being serviced or in the event of power failure. All signals indicating abnormal operation are both visual and audible. The visual signal alarms are concentrated in an easily read block of lettered panels. Also on automatic control is a high capacity 650 psi to 200 psi pressure reducing and desuperheat ing station. The purpose of this station is to meet demands for 200 psi process steam in the event that the flow from the exhaust of the 650 psi turbines is not sufficient. Feedwater Treatment Since it was necessary to operate this boiler plant on 100 per cent treated makeup, extensive water treating facilities were required. Experience at the other boiler plant had indicated that steam turbine fouling could be expected even though the total dissolved solids in the steam were 1 ppm or under. To avoid interruption of processing op erations by water washing 650 psi steam turbines and keep the steam consumption of process turbines in general to a minimum, it was neces sary to solve the problem of steam fouling. This was done by choosing the deionizing and silica removal process for feedwater treatment. The untreated water is supplied by deep wells that discharge di rectly into the deionization plant. The chemical composition of the water is practically constant and PRINCIPAL EQUIPMENT--Shell Oil Company, Houston Refinery, No. 2 Steam Generating Plant HOll.l'UtS AMI IKjrU'MKNT Boiler* ......................................................Two --JJdey Stoker Corporation. 2 drum, outdooi. psi. 7-">U F final steam Icmperaiure, gas fired 250.00" ib/hr each. Steam drums 72 in. x 27 ft 3 in. x 3^ in Mud drums 4 6 in. x 26 ft 9 In. x 2 11/32 In. Superheaters .......................... heating surface. Riley high velocity type. 4S0J) ft Furnaces ...................................................Riley water wall. 7.330 su ft heating surface 2 2 ft ! in. wide, 19 ft 11 in. deep. 29 ft 6 in. h ch' Volume--12.700 cu ft. Air Heater ........................................Riley, vertical tubular, single pas** cre-sitow 23.MU0 xq ft healing surface. SO F inlet K Outlet. Water Columns ...................................Two per boiler; water gage with 1C1: in. vertical visibility. Speed Controls, FI) and ID Funs Four -- Combination mcrhanio.ilpneumatic. Forced Draft Fans and Drive* Two--375.000 Ib/hr air; driven by 273 hp gear connected steam turbines. Induced Draft Fans........................Two--400.000 Ib/hr fiue gas; driven by 276 hp gear connected steam turbines. I eedwnter Control halves...........Two--Diaphragm actuated, air opera t ed. Fuel Ga* Header Pressure Con trol ^ nlve ...........................Two--Diaphragm actuated, air- oper ated. Pressure Reducing Station Con- ** trol 4 nlve........................... 650 to 200 psi, 300,000 lb hr capacity, diaphragm actuated, air operated. Water to Desuperhenter Con trol Valve ........................One--diaphragm actuated a tr operated Desuperheater ................................3*hV<Hio lb hr capacity. Venturi type Desuperheater Steum-Tem. Controller .....................................Pneumatic tran?miller type Him*-oil \ alt ps . ... .Two u i ud drum and three water wall per boiler. 1 ' ,, m un it-(undent type Boiler Blmv-nfl* Tank One -- wmoal t > fi 6 in x 72 ;n FFKf. SYSTEM Burners ...................... . ... Four per boiler Opinion.ti i<-n u.ts oil. Oil is fic;iiii atomized Combustion Control.....................n.uley pneumatic Fuel Oil Rumps ...........Tup -- tien t n l imn I 2"" ^pm TDH pumps iiM\-ti by C> hp steam uirMticv 4.. SOUTHERN POWER & INDUSTRY for AUGUST, \9Sl Fuel Oil Storage .............................One--27* ft diameter. 30 ft high, closed storage tank equipped with automatic indicating level gage. Fuel Oil Pressure Control und Control Volvo...................Two--Controlling steam to fuel oil pumps. Diaphragm actuated, air operated. Fuel Oil Flow Control Valves. .Two--Diaphragm, actuated, air oper ated. UOU.KK VKKPWATKH EQUIPMENT Feedwater Pumps ............................Three--4 stage, horizontal centrifugal pumps. G3S gpin. IS77> TDH. Two steam turbine driven, 450 hp. One motor driven 2300 volt, 450 hp. Deaerating Feedwater Heater. 695.000 Ib/hr capacity, 15 psi. spray type with scrubber section and internal vent condenser. Permutit Company. Deionizing Water Treating Plant .......................................Permutit Company--1600 gpm capac ity. 8 ion exchange units with regenerant^jneasuring and dilution tanks and degasifier. - Deaerating Heater -- Feed Pumps .....................................Three--800 gpm. 150 ft TDH, bronze case and impellers. Two steam turbine driven by 45 hp type R3R turbines. One motor driven by a 40 hp 440 volt motor. Anion Exchanger--Feed Pumps Two--2000 gpm. 144 ft TDH. Durimet 20 case and impeller. One steam turbine driven by a 95 hp turbine. One motor driven by a 100 hp. 2300 volt motor. Chemical Transfer Pumps.... Two--50 per cent caustic pumps. 20 gpn\ 35 ft TDH. Driven by l hp 440 volt motors. Two 93 per cent sulfuric acid pumps. 10 gpm. 35 ft TDH, driven by 2 hp. 440 volt motors. Chemical Injection Pumps ...Three--Podium sulfite and phosphate injection with a common spare l 2 gph capacity. Treated Water Storage Tank . One--420.000 gallon capacity, vertical steel covered tank. Treated Water Conductivity Recorder .............................4-point strip chart recorder. Operates from four conductivity cells. MISCKIXANEOFS EQUIPMENT Water and Steam Flow Meters. Thirteen -- Pneumatic transmitter type (d/p cell) integratin'.: and ivp,rd-.ng Pressure Gages............................. Pneuvmtt.f. 'ransmitter type. Electric Substutum . . . ................One--2 former; 23'oi ^nii switch ci-.u voli. 300 kva trans ! 4 P> volt switch gear. <umj Pump ..... d n\ .mi by : hp. I <'n<--I-'' rpm 4 4" " ft TPH vertical; - .. 1..i RS-0001S5 1/17/02 NUECES 49 c. . from the exhaust of turbines in T processing plants. All partially treated and treated "water piping ahead of the deaerat ing feedwater heater is internally coated to provide protection against corrosion or water contamination. The acid effluent of the cation ex changers is passed through rubber t lined pipe and pumped by pumps constructed of a corrosion resistant alloy. The interconnecting piping , from the anion exchangers, storage tank, deaerator charge pumps and to the deaerating heater is lined with a baked phenolic resin. The storage tank itself is internally coated with a hot applied bitumastic coating, while the deaerator charge pumps are constructed of bronze. As an additional precaution against scale and corrosion, phos phate and sodium sulfite are in jected into the treated water follow ing deaeration. Small mixing tanks and three chemical injection pumps are used for this purpose. Since each exchanger has a treat ing capacity of a fixed number of gallons, before requiring regenera tion, metering of the water consti tutes an important control. Pneu matic transmitter type meters which both record and integrate flow supply this control. The in tegrator on each meter operates a totalizing counter which in turn sounds an alarm when sufficient water has passed through an ion ex changer to exhaust its treating ca pacity. A four-point conductivity recorder provides a continuous check on the quality of the effluent of each anion exchanger. All signals and measured pres sures or flows are either electrically or pneumatically transmitted to a panel in an air conditioned control building. This building also con tains the laboratory equipment re quired for performing such tests as are necessary to control the feedwater and boiler water treatment. The chemicals used for regenera tion of the ion exchangers are dilute sulfuric acid and dilute sodium hydroxide for the cation and anion exchangers respectively. These chemicals are received and stored as 50 per cent sodium hydroxide and 93 per cent sulfuric acid. The amounts required for a regeneration are prepared in mix ing and dilution tanks. Regeneration of an ion exchanger1 is a semi-automatic process, con trolled by a motor operated multiport valve. When a unit requires regeneration as determined by a meter actuated alarm signal, or by chemical test; regeneration is initi ated from the control room by pressing a switch that starts the multiport valve on the desired unit. The regeneration then goes through a complete cycle automatically and returns the unit to service. A re generation cycle consists of back wash, regeneration (during which period the regenerant chemical is hydraulically inducted into the ex changer) and rinse. The rate of flow of water from the unit to waste during backwash and rinse is controlled by float actuated butter fly valves so adjusted as to hold a fixed head of water over an orifice board type weir. The multiport valves have pilot connections which hydraulically actuate diaphragm valves to determine which ex changer receives the regenerant chemical. Ion exchangers are arranged in lwo banks of four each. Regeneration of an ion exchanger is a semi-auto matic process, controlled by a motor operated multiport valve. SOUTHERN POWER 4 INDUSTRY (or AUGUST 1953 R8-000187 1/17/02 NUECES