Document 3egYdG48VZR1zGmbwJVqZb6LJ

CERAMIC ABSTRACTS Compiled by The American Ceramic Society Volume 23,1944 Hou C. Pnst, Edit* M-ar J. Goa ?ANX Hougj | Assistant! Zvuul. Vnrum ComntUUt on Publications: R. L. Stokx, Gswmu; H. W. Tanacn, R. E. Brxcx, H. Zanx ScsorixLo, R. C. Pros*. ex offido r JL A- Ayer* L. R. Barrett W. R. Beck A. C. Scvu A. Biddalph V. L. Bosaaa R.G. CapeS ABSTRACTERS M. V. Coadoide P. S. Dear W. D. Foster V. D. Frfchetu R. A. Gret7 P. Groddaski Max Hancabciai F. G. Hedc R. A. Hctadl M. Hoseh F. J. Haribut G. M. Hutt G. A. Xirkeadale B. B. Lest E. D. Maher E. H. McClelland E. C. Pierce Alexis Pincos M. E. Peer TCatherine Reed Margaret Roach Editorial Ofict: 2525 North Hi*b Street. Columbus 2. Ohio* Publication Offices 20th and Northampton Streets. Easton. Pa. B. C. Rupreeht M. A. Schwartz A. B. Searic Thursans E. R. Varler C. Wentworth Samuel Zedoas * 132 Ceramic Abstracts VoL 23, No' 7 which err attached to the clay minerals only, and the frees shearing strength. The quantity of the fluxing agents (iron oxide, earth alkalis, end alkalis), determined chemically a the elutriatieu substances. multiplied by the total quantity el the elutriatios substances (relative stater- zee number) permits a prediction for the siaterabiUty of the foundry sands at 14C0*C. and thus for their suitability for certain types of eastings. Three rasps of smtcrabiticy can be distinguished. At little sintering, no firing takes place, at medium sintering a pasty condition ocean, end strung sintering tends to a liquid phase between the sand grains which has a strongly cementing effect. Analysis and quantity of the elutriatios substances can give is* portant clues for the sand mixtures to be used to avoid burning of a molding sand for steel castings. From the amount of the wet elutriated molding sands than 0.1 mm. which have been obtained by simple sieving, gas permeability in the green state can be predicted fairly accurately. Thirty-two references are included. MJtt. Oil engine's. E. Incjluc Cement, Lime (e Gravel, is (9] 245--4S (1944).--Practical hints on the care and main tenance of oil engines with respect to probable running troubles are given. . EJLV. Progress In aluminum thertpv. W\ D. Rozson. Trans. Can. Inst. Idinini c* Met., 47,172-79 (1944).--The mining companies of Porcupine District established a clinic at Timmins, Ontario, to investigate the value of aluminum as a prophylactic in human sHicutics. This dinie operated from 1939 to 1943. It was established that the use of powdered aluminum does ameliorate the symptoms of silicosis and that, as a prophylactic, it prevents rilicosb and is itself harmless. There is no indication that the use of aluminum harass tuberculous individuals. Its use in' silicosis therapy has been patented in most countries to prevent its being fitted into a commercialventure, to make It freely available to these threatened by silicosis, and to control further developments of the process. GALS. Pulmonary disease in South Vales coal mincra. Report of the Medical Research Council: Discussion and Sum- xsary. Cottier? Guardian, 167, 181-63 (1943). Physical studies of the dust hazard. T. Broroxa and C. G. Wajlnzz. Ibid., pp. 183-85.--A high correlation was found between the count of particles above 1 it and the mass concentration of particles not exceeding 5 there was a low correlation between the latter and total mass concentration. A thermal precipitator was used for sampling. Dust eoneessutioos ere such influenced by the nature- of the operations being performed. A higher incidence of pneumoconiosis is associated with higher dust concentrations. Mass concentrations of air-bone dust and mineral matter. H. V. A. 2juscos, P. F. Holt. N. Sfoon. Jans? W. W*nxxTrs.an Pxiua M. Sa.vsd> son. Ibid., p. 209.--A naphthalene filter was used. Dur ing the working of eaal the percentage of ash in the dust is less than during ripping. Pulmonary abnormalities are significantly correlated with ash content. Air-borae dust composition. G. HaaTUKXtoT. Ibid., pp. 209-10.--The coal was similar to that in the seams. Other minerals pres ent were quart*, kaolin, mica, various carbonates, etc. The percentage of quartz in the dust varied from 0.1 to 4.7. Petrology of coal measures, shales, sad sandstones. A. Btjuocait anp Jokn G. C Lzzca. Ibid* pp. 210-11.-- In the anthracite mines, the shales are more compacted, and the content of secondary quartz sod mica increases. Thu incidence of silicosis appears to be positively asso ciated with the geological changes induced by pressure. Chemical and X-ray analysis of the roof and dod. D. Ktezs ano G. XACCtoaciDT. Ibid., p. 211.--The roofs aad dod contained quartz, sllite. laolia. carbonates, and others. The quarts content -nriedfrum 8 to 46%. Quarts tends to be present in samples from mines with a high inci dence of disease-and vice versa. Kitroua fumes from shot firing. J. Ivon Gxakax ano D. F, Rvnnzclx*. Ibid., pp. 211-13. See "Measurements.. -,** Ceram. Abs* 22 (5} 92 (1943). W.D.F. Studies of erasure to diet* end fime*. Avon. Heat, mt (r VentHating, 4l {51 72 (1944i.--Tie Industrial Hygiene Foundation has made studies, during the past year, on exposures to ersenie dust, lead dust aad fumes, synthetic-resin dust, aad other substances. MP Symposium on industrial mediciae: Inqoduetiea. C. O. Sztnr. Jled. Qinies .v. America. 26 (4| 997 (July, 1942). Physician in industry. Cam. M. Pstzxson. Ibid* pp. 999-1003. Organization aad managemant of an industrial medical acmes. A L. Bxookz. Ibid* pp. 1005-18. Phydcaleitnntdoaelnindasmy. G*ant L. Bata. Ibid. pp. 1019-33. Workmen's compensation aad median*. Ratoons Hczsxr. Ibid* pp. 1035-51. Tuberculosis as e eompenaatioa problem. C. O. Sappcscton. Ibid* pp. 1053-66. Ifuttition ht industry. W. A Sawtzjl Pnd* pp. 1067-83. Wartime turrey of industrial psychiatry. Lyssa G. Guzason. Ibid* pp. 10S3-U03. Measure ment of sickness among industiial workers. W. hi. Catafce. Ibid* pp. 1105-20. fatigue sad war produc tion. R. H. Funn. Ibid* pp. 1121-43. Pretention of 21- health in iadustz7. J. H. Fooinx*. Ibid* pp. 1145-60. Methods of appraisal and eonffot of indsscial health hazards. J. J. Btooun&a. Ibid., pp. 1161-78. Indoor environmental atoosphere and its eeatreL W. J. Me- Conntll. Ibid* pp. 1179-93. Protective ointments aad indusuial cleanser*. Loots. Scswaatz. Ibid* pp. HS5- 1212. Effects of high pressures: Trsatoect of compressed air Blncas. A R. Bzsnzx. Ibid* pp. 1213-37. Pneu- moeoaioses. L. V. Gaasnxjl. Ibid* pp. 1239-60.--^. includes among the pneumoconioses all chronk changes in the lungs by prolonged inhalation of dusts, irrespec tive of the type or the severity of tissue reaction. These changes vary from simple phagocytosis to progressive fibro sis. Silicosis aad asbestosis are chiefly discussed. Under the term "sample benign pneumoconiosis." G. suggests the in- dusioa of uncomplicated anthneosis from coal dust aad sidcraris from iron dust. Although these dusts hi a pure state have essentially the same effects upon the lungs as other forms of dust, they do not appreciably influence respiratory function. 'When mintied with quartz dust, a modified type of silicosis results. Attention Is .gives to Roentgen findings, the part played by tuberculosis in sili cosis eases, asbestosis sad its relation to infection. Hifliral course, complications, aad diaposis. Lead absorption end lead poisoning. Roswt A. Kisot. /bid., pp. 1251- 79. Tonic properties of selected less familiar metals. Cajcsy P. McCoad and J. J. Pxzndeacast. Ibid* pp. 1281-1302. Recent progress in aviation medicine. B. P. Jonzs. Ibid* pp. 1303-30. Papers briefly abstracted in Iitd. Med* 11,395-96,406 (July, 1942). SLR. Synthetic foundry sands with cement as binders. L En&eu, ano W. SnusucANN. Giesserei. 29 (21j 349-55. (1942).--'The influence of the amount of cement and water content on shearing strength sad gas permeability of syn thetic foundry sands was investigated with three German cement types: (1) normal Portland cement. (2) high-grade Portland eesent. and (3) alumina cement. An optimum water content exists for every cement depending on jthe time the highest mechanical smength b required. Nor mally setting Portland cement needs only very Ucele water to obtain its highest strength after setting 1 to 3 days, whereas high-grade cement and, especially, alumina cement require considerably more water for the same purposes. Ordinary Portland cement b cnsatisfactory for foundry purposes as it has too tittle strength, at least for 10^ ad ditions; with higher additions, however, gas permeability b reduced too much. Alumina cement has the highest strength after 24 hr., but high-grade cement (Nova) reaches the same values after 72 hr., and its high initial mechanical strength b obtained with much less water. Also, it sinters at 1400*C, which b lower than the alumina eemeat with 40?# alumina. The highest sheanag strength in 10% Novo cement after 48 hr. was 7.5 kg. per cm. with 7% water eemeat. _ George Westiaghouse scholarship winners announced. Anon. Suit. Amrr. Ceram. See* 23 {6; Cili 119+4 160 Ceramic Abstracts VoL 23, No. 9 Can the fOTinfit w eauisios*? Lo&ur Gccrxtix. Full. Amer* Certm. Sac* 23 [8] 288-90 (1944).--5 refer* eases. Construction of Chicago's first subway--srchiieemral treatment of public vcu. Aiwta Skaw. Jenr. H'est. Sac. Emits.. 49 (2| 186-87 (19+4).--This extensive dis- of Chicago's subway includes a chapter on the selection of materials for finishing the stations, approaches, end platform areas. Considerable study was gives to materials to be nsed. and it was fiasHy decided that they should aO be of a vitreous type. The wall/ are finished with glass and terra cotta, and the escalator panels are poredsia enamel. The cost of finishing these areas is such a small part of the total cost of construction that it was decided to use the best-suited material, irrespective of cost, to product the most desirable finish with the lowest maintenance eost. See "Ceramic.. ,M Ceram.Abt^ 22 (7] 128 (1943). CAP. Dost collection. T. J. Saxxt. Itnr. Can. Ceram. Sac., 13, 83-56 (1944).--B. disnuses the settling chamber and eydose. viscous, wet. and doth collectors. GJLX. Post as an industrial health hazard. F. W. Hutocm- SOW. Stating S* Ventilating, 41 ($] 57-61 (1944).--H. reviews the literature on the physiological affects of some hazardous industrial dusts and summarises presenter criteria acceptable as a basis for the design of dust-control systems. Most of the article deals with silicosis, although asbestoses and miscellaneous siliceous and noosiliceous dusts are mentioned. MR. Dust removal and collection. R. R. Roscfsow. /nr. Can. Ceram. Sac., 13, 5053 (1944).--R. gives rcasoss for removing dust from working spaces, methods of eradicating dust and fumes, and the disposition of these foreign sub stances after they have been removed. GAX Industrial exhaust ventilation fas industrial `hygiene. JL. D. Bjllnpt. Seating, Pifing o' Air Conditioning. 16 [7] 428-33* (1944).--B, discusses the value of .exhaust ventilation is industrial hygiene and finds that the aver age worker shews no ill effects of atmospheric contaminants if they are below the allowable concentration. Local ex haust ventilation is best suited for specific and major sources of contamination, while general ventilation is best suited for scattered and miser sources. The de signer of exhaost-vestaseioa systems should haw a good knowledge of'the fundamentals of air flow into suction openings and should know how cestanunasts art re leased and how they react. In general, there are four main types of local exhaust hoods, and far each the enter, ing air flow is different. With the saforaatiee available today there Is little excuse for the existeace of atmospheric contamination of such order that the health of the workers It affected adversely. 13 references, 4 dia^ams. HJL Kotos and sewn of Indian ceramic indsstry. Axok. Trent. Indian Ceram. Sac* 2 [2] 130-32 (Sept., 1943).-- Iteas concerning (2) proposed publication of a handbook f TwrfUw ceramic industries. (2) opening of two new sheet- glass works, and (3) construction of two new recuperative glass furnaces are given. PAD. feospecS for ceramic Jndnxtry hs India. X. V. Rag- xnun. Froar. Indian Ceram. Sac* 2 (2) 90-94 (Sept.. 1943).--R. reviews briefly the economic aspects of the de velopment of ceramic tndusmes In Japan and the V. S. Recognizing that ousting Indian conditions are quite dif ferent from those of Japan and Ameiea at the time of their ceramic infancy and reviewing the existing Indian needs, R. concludes that the best prospects for develop ment should be in 'the fallowing ceramic products: (2) household porcelain. (2) electrical insulatow, (3) sanitary ware, (4) refractories, and (5) salt-glazed pipes. PAD. Review af the more significant developments is ceramic industry and technology for 1943. G. A. Xaxxxsalx. Jeer. Can. Ceram. Sac,, 13, 5-10 (1944). CJLS. Technical Translations Clearinghouse. Aitox. Ruff. Amer. Oram. See,, 23 (8) 281 (29*4). Water spray os shovel controls dust while rook in TVA ciszTy. F. X. Cxuuco. fit fr Quarry, 37 (1] 63*44 (1944).--C. describes the meehuisd water-spray system installed ns electric shovels excavating sad load- tag rod: st the Fontana Dsa project in Xorth Can> Una. SEca-dust concentrations have been greatly reduced where these systems are effective. 1 diagram, 4 photos. MJL George Westiaghouse. Aztox. Suit. Amer. Ceram. Sotu, 23 (8) 256-58 (1944).--2 photos. F /I (lu+uu+Vf BiMiojyiGfUuf.. . . . The Enamel Bibliography and Abstracts, which is presented in this issue of The Bulletin, pp. 299y302, contains approximately 5000 references. Of this number all but approximately fifty were reviewed in Ceramic Abstracts in the past ten years. The completeness of Ceramic Abstracts is indicated by this coverage of one field. Other branches ot the ceramic industry are likewise covered. To you this means a current bibliography under your hand each month. To your associates who are not members of the American Ceramic Society, this means hours of ` research work keeping ahead of the literature nf the industry. Ceramic Abstracts is a running bibliography. Via 9t! * The / American / Ceramic / Society / February 15,1993 I hereby certify that the attached copies of Ceramic Abstracts, Volume 23,1944, are true and accurate copies, which are maintained in the normal course of business at the American Ceramic Society, 735 Ceramic Place, Westerville, Ohio 43081, Christine Schnitzer Product Manager Ceramic Information Center ?r 735 Ceramic Place Westerville, Ohio 43081-8720 614-* 890 *4700 TWX: 7101109409