Document 3eaqMJgadzJYg0mJgxYojXO8a

SC-ETM-2482 ! 0:. ' *"' Un July 31, Elliott Company became an operating division of Carrier Corporation. William A. Elliott con tinues as president, and he also serves as a vice president and director of Carrier Corporation. L. M. Forncrook, a prominent industrialist who had served on the Elliott board for many years, is also a Carrier director. Elliott products and service will be continued un changed: in fact, should be improved by this merger. Readers of Power/ax perhaps have noticed the com munity of interest between Elliott and Carrier. Elliott turbines, condensers, and motors have been used in con nection with Carrier air conditioning installations. Both Carrier and Elliott make centrifugal compressors; the merger will broaden the line. Carrier uses Elliott tube expanders and expander controls. From small beginnings in 1902, Carrier Corporation has grown steadily and particularly in recent years has consolidated its position not only with new facilities but by acquiring subsidiary companies. Its business has grown to be international in scope. Its total assets are in excess of $161,000,000, and its net sales for fiscal 1956 were $193,200,000, with employment exceeding 10,0< Carrier continues to be the largest single factor in i air conditioning and industrial refrigeration busint and its line of products is broader than that of any ot! manufacturer in the field. It is believed the corporat still leads the industry in research and in the dcvcl ment of new methods and new products. In fiscal 19 Carrier spent $4,500,000 on research and developm and has budgeted more than $6,000,000 for the sa purposes this year. Last December, a new engineer laboratory' was formally opened for the development; testing of unitary air conditioning equipment and sr systems. Another laboratory designed for developrr work related to large air conditioning systems is b* built. Under construction and scheduled for comple this year, is a research center which will be devote* seeking new techniques, methods, and materials. Elliott Company finds satisfaction in its affiliation * Carrier Corporation and believes that the merger * this pioneering and forward-looking organization wi. of benefit to both organizations. rii': l&tr T--f, .' jsw L~yr ------- -- Tf>-, -fry -Ml nuLumii VOLUME 35 NUMBER 3 A QUARTERLY MAGAZINE FOR EXECUTIVES. ENGINEERS AND OPERATORS OF POWER AND INDUSTRIAL PROCESS PLANTS CONTENTS 4 BOX CANYON HYDRO PLANT MAKES MONEY FOR P.U.D. t TRANSFORMER TESTING AT WAGNER ELECTRIC 9 ADJUSTABLE-VOLTAGE SYSTEM ClVES HIGH ACCURACY ON COPPER ROD .MILL 10 NEW DRAVO UNLOADER SPEEDS ORE TRANSFER FOR PENNSYLVANIA RAILROAD 13 LOUISIANA POWER AND LIGHT COMPANY PLANT IS DISTINCTIVE ]* MINNESOTA REA PLANT (Federated REA. Jackson, Minn.) 17 HOT ACID IN A COLD COUNTRY (Centrifugal Compressor Installation) 18 LEAD . . . METAL OF MANY VIRTUES (Hoyt Plant, National Lead Co. null modernization) 21 PORTABLE UNITS PUMP MIDDLE EAST OIL (turbocharged Enterprise engines) 22 TWO MORE ELLIOTT GENERATORS ADDED BY ILLINOIS RURAL ELECTRIC COMPANY (Pittsfield, IU.) 24 OIL IN CALIFORNIA AND THE EL SEGUNDO REFINERY 28 EJECTORS SERVE SOUTH TEXAS COTTON OIL COMPANY 30 "BEACHED" SUBMARINE MOTORS STILL ON THE JOB 31 POWERCRAX PoMjerjax, published by Elliott Company since 1923, is primarily a record of the development of Elliott products and their application in industry. Over 35,000 copies arc distributed quarterly to Elliott cus tomer! and friends. Address correspondence to C. W. Kalbfus, Editor, Elliott Company. Jeannette. Pa. Correction Pouerjax got the "facts'' mixed-up last issue. Somehow or other, we mentioned in connection with our Atlanta office move that J. D. Willcox, Jr., was the district manager. It was a slip of the tongue, if there ever was one. We knew very well that Mr. Willcox is manager of the Houston office and has been since 1948. We also knew that F. L. Humphrey, Jr., was the Adanta office district manager, as announced in the Spring 1955 Power/ax. Perhaps we had Mr. Willcox in mind be cause he had just exhibited special activity in connection with Powerjax articles. In the Summer issue, he was behind the article on Eastern States Petroleum Company and in this issue, he is responsible for the article on South Texas Cotton Oil Company. Pictures of the two men are shown here by way of apology. .Also, Willcox somehow or other never had his "mug" in Powerjax. Front Cover Summer changes to autumn. Green turns to gold. For this issue's cover, our artist turns to the draftsman's symbols for light ning arresters. They become frost-tinted leaves. In oak leaf garb is the "electrolytic or aluminum cell type for 3 wire". Dis guised as a maple leaf is the "valve or film type". And as a wild cherry leaf, the "multigap type". New Publications Bulletin Y-48--Lagonda Tube Cleaners. 32 pages. A complete showing of the Lagonda tube cleaner line. Tables show catalog numbers and dimensions for all tube cleaner motors, cutter heads, accessories. Special applications arc covered. Bulletin H-22C--Type YR MechanicalDrive Turbines. 16 pages. A reprint and updating of the bulletin completely de scriptive of these turbines. Bulletin PB 6000-8--Elliott Crocker Wheeler Scaledpower Chemical Motors. 4 pages. Describing a new line of motors for chemical service, protected against cor rosive vapors and fumes. Includes a sec tionalized view plus illustrations and brief description of distinctive features. Bulletin PB 7000-5--Elliott Two-Pole Motors for Pipeline Service. 4 pages. Covering various types of large motors de signed especially for pipeline service, in cluding weather-protected, forced-ventilated, inert gas-cooled, etc. Bulletin PB 9000-2--Elliott 620 Frame Mill Motor. 4 pages. Construction features of a new line of bigger, more powerful d-c mill motors for steel mill auxiliary drive. Supercharger for Pressure-Fired Boiler J. R. Shields, manager of the development engineering department, is co-author of a paper to be presented at the annual ASME meeting in New York on December 6,1957. The paper, entitled, "Design and Develop ment of a Supercharger for a Pressure-Fired Boiler", is prepared in cooperation with R. C. Rciswebcr, a racml>cr, and J. R. Glcssncr, formerly a member of the development engineering department. F. L. Humphrey J. D. Willcox, Jr. Denver The Denver office, on October l, will be at a new address, 220--655 Broadway Bldg., Denver. J. H. Petersen is district manager. AIEE Appointment Announced E. I. Pollard, chief electrical engineer of the Elliott Company, has been named chair man of the Power Division Committee of the American Insti tute of Electrical Engi neers. The appoint ment, effective A ugust 1, 1957, was made by AIEE president, W. J. E. I. Pollard Barrett. Mr. Pollard, associated with Elliott Com pany since 1946, has been active in AIEE affairs for many years. He has headed the Synchronous Machine Sub-Committee of the Rotating Machinery Committer., and recently was chairman of the Rotating Machinery Committee. The Committee of which he is presently chairman is in charge of the activities of eleven sub-committees covering power equipment POWERFAX, AUTUMN 1957 Copyright 1957, Elliott Company, Je*nnc,le> Pa. I P5'<rs View oj Box Canyon dam and powerhouse looking upstream. Three spillway gates in the dam hate been lifted to pass excess water. The dam bridges the narrow bed of this glacial stream which passes through mountainous terrain. Box Canyon Hydro plant makes money lor P.U.D. by W. P. VaaVnuUcen, Elliott Company, Ridgway, Pennsylvania Miost customers wouldn't expect to be picking up savings as soon as they put generating equip ment into service--but that is what has been happening at Box Canyon Hydro. When four Eiiiott 15,000-kw vertical generators were put into service, late in 1955, the customer suddenly realized that he had a phenomenal bargain. The units were liberally designed and capable, actu ally, of putting out in excess of 75,000 lew. To Public Utility District No. f of Pend Oreille County, Washington, this was most welcome. With the extra capacity, the P.U.D. was able not only to supply its customers, but to create extra income with which to meet interest charges on the investment in the project, and actually to enter into a re-financing arrangement with the investors. Let us go back into the history of pow-er sales for the Box Canyon Hydro Project, which is named for the narrow gorge it blocks near lone, Washington in the northeast corner of the state, 95 miles north of Spokane. When Public Utility District No. 1 of Pend Oreille* County undertook this project, it French for "beautiful river". Three oj the fmer Elliott 16,667-kca, 100-rpm um brella-type generators in the Box Canyon powerhouse. Just behind the generator in the foreground is the gover nor cabinet equipment for the Kaplan-type turbine. Above the exciter (atop gen erator) is located the oil headfor the turbine and also governor magnet generator. POWERfAJt. AUTUMN 1957 Umbrella-type generator lower bracket with integral oil pot and mounting jot Kingsbury thrust bearing. Individual water cooling coils remove heatfrom the oil pot. Each oj these coils is mounted on a door which can be removed for bearing inspection. arranged to sell 48,000 kw of the power to be generated to "Cits' of Seattle" Light Department, which in turn, was to resell much of the power to the Aluminum Company of America plants near Vancouver and Wenatchee, Washington. To get the power from Box Canyon to the Seattle area, the Public Utility District ar ranged with Bonneville Power Ad ministration for a connection into their vast Northwest power grid. Under a 50-year contract, Seattle City Light is paying a wheeling charge to the Bonneville Power Ad ministration, so that they will receive this peaking power from Box Canyon. Another 8000 kw of the power from Box Canyon was sold to General Pe troleum Corporation which has an oil refinery across the state in What com county. By arranging with the Whatcom County Public Utility Dis trict to wheel this power over its system, the P.U.D. was able to de liver it to the refinerv. Pend Oreille This is one oj 65 carloads shippedfrom Ridgway to Box Canyon. It is half of statorframe, completely stacked and wound, exceptfat coils adjacent to split, which are installed in field. Public Utility District, is using ab 12,000 kw of the Box Canyon po in its own system within the cou taking care of its local needs entit The excess power which was foun be available because of favorable ter flow conditions in the river been delivered to the Bonneville; As long as the extra power from Canyon is available to the Bonm grid it is possible to "store" an ei alcnt amount of water at Grand lee, a major source of power fc Bonneville transmission system, then, builds up "credit" for P No. 1, putting it in the enviablt tion of being able to meet ir charges on investment with ea; The Pend Oreille Public 1 District's plans to alleviate the shortage in the Northwest stai bear fruit in July 1956, when t Canyon plant was officially ded It had been placed in operati in 1955 and the four gcneratoi rated 16,667 kva, at 100 rpm the time of dedication, provei selves. The machines are dr Kaplan adjustable-blade t manufactured by Allis Chain these, too, because they are 1 POWER!xx. Ain Photograph below shows alignment oj tur bine and generator shafts at our Ridgwny plant. Total length of shaft assembly--J3 ft. Combinedweight--00,000 lb. All criti cal areas on the shafts, such as thrust bear ing runner surfaces, werecheckedfor runout. Factory fit-up of air housing materially reduced the assembly time required at the dam site, insuring theJit of conduit, piping, internal parts, etc. Housing exceeds 30ft in diameter. design, lend themselves favorably to the picture of liberal generator de sign and resulting power delivery. How did Pend Oreille come to se lect this rather unlikely location for a hydro plant? The first step was to employ Harza Engineering Company of Chicago to investigate various lo cations on the Pend Oreille River, on which the P.U.D. had site rights. Ac tually, the Corps of Engineers was already building a plant at Albeni Falls, up the river from the Box Can yon site, and over the state line in Idaho. With the possibility that, when Albeni went into service, there would be some stream control, the sites at Box Canyon and Boundary began to look favorable. If you consult the map, you will find that the Pend Oreille rises in Montana, crosses Idaho, and runs nearly due north in Washington, crossing into Canada where it emp ties into the Columbia. The valley in which the river flows is quite wide near the county seat at Newport, Washington, but as it flows north ward, it enters a narrow gorge lined on either side by high, forest-covered mountains. In Pend Oreille county, elevations range from 21u0 ft in the southern part, to some 6000 ft in the Selkirk ranges, which are on the east ern and western boundaries of Pend Oreille County. This country, lying as it does between the Cascade moun tain range and the Rocky Mountains, is semi-arid. Rainfall is only 25 in. annually. In investigating the site at Box Canyon, Harza Engineering Com pany found it was dealing with a glacial-type river, flowing in a rela tively narrow, deep channel eroded from the rock strata. Currents in the river are swift and it was problemati cal at first, whether it was feasible to place a dam across the river at this narrow location and then divert it downstream to the powerhouse site. After some investigation into the rock formation and of the foundation prob lem, Harza recommended that the site be developed, using a dam with lift gates to control the head of water. Since there could be no pondage be hind the dam, it was necessary to take care of any excess water which could not be run through the turbines, by means of lift gates in the dam and diversion gates adjacent to the powerhouse. The dam, which was built by con struction forces of Morrison-Knudsen Company, Inc. of Boise, Idaho, ex tends 200 ft across the cramped gorge. Above an apron and arch section, are five 90-ft piers which support four POWHtfAJt, AUTUMN 1957 7 massive vertical-lift gates, 62 ft high, each in three sections. The dam is sup ported on a horizontal-arch structure that rests on a foundation of sand fill, thrusting downward into rock-sup ported abutment sections. A 240-ft diversion tunnel and forebav chan nel water into the powerhouse which Harza located on the edge of the river, with its main axis running parallel to the stream. Since the cost of developing this site tended to be higher than conven tional hydro developments, the con sulting engineers dispensed with the usual building structure with built-in crane. They used a single-story plant structure with roof hatchways altove each of the four generating units. A gantry crane on the roof is provided for maintenance purposes. In designing the generators for this plant, Elliott engineers used umbrellatype construction for the rotor design with the idea of achieving a compact design, tending to cut down the verti cal height of the machines and thus reducing the height of the building to a minimum. They utilized a Kings bury-type adjustable thrust bearing which is mounted in the lower bracket of each generator. This thrust l>caring assembly, together with a single guide Ijearing, is contained in a single oil pot !>elow the rotor. The thrust bearing external loading is 650,000 lb under normal operating conditions. To facilitate inspection of Kings bury bearing shoes, the Elliott design incorporates removable doors in the sides of the oil pot. There arc six such doors, each located lietween arms of the lower bracket. Each door also mounts a section of the water cooling coil which is located in the oil pot. The water circuit of these coils is divided into two parallel paths, so that under all conditions there will be even temperatures throughout the entire oil reservoir. In addition to the doors in the sides of the oil pot, access may be gained to the thrust bearing by removal of the oil pot retainer at the bottom of the lower bracket. By means of a standard thrust-bearing lowering de vice, the entire Kingsbury' bearing support can be lowered into the pit beneath the machine. Thus, a full measure of accessibility to thrust bear ing parts is provided. Since the generators at Box Can yon are connected to Kaplan tur bines, hollow-bore shaft construction was required. The turbine manufac turer furnished an integral bell-shaped coupling at the upper end of his shaft, and this was matched by the generator flange, having an outside diameter at the coupling of 22 in. At the upper end of the generator shaft, is a flange for mounting the Kings bury thrust (tearing runner and for the connection of the rotor assembly. Because of its large size, the stator would normally have Itecn split in three sections. However, after a thorough check of railroad clearances^ weights and handling facilities, it was y determined by Elliott engineers thati the stator could be built in two seci=a tions, if it were shaped octagonally '-s The resulting frame construction also 2 simplified the mounting of air-toJj water coolers, of which four were rc-J quired for each generator. It also led " to savings for the customer, reducing^ installation time, since the number of i coils to be assembled into the statorl frame across the splits at the time ar installation was fewer. A greater^ percentage of factory completion of the stator winding was possible than? would usually be the case. To further reduce the installation time, all stationary parts on the Elliott generators were pre-fitted at the fac tory. Thus, no time was lost in the field in installing the coolers, air housings, air baffles, etc. A significant part of the work in connection with this hydro installa tion was the coordination ofshipment: of the four generators and their re lated equipment. Ofsome 65 carload of equipment shipped, the only par damaged by handling enroute was rotor fan assembly. Since shipment totalled some 2,655,000 lb and th machines were at the site well in ac vance or the required installatic date, Elliott Company' can be prou of its performance in coopcratir with the customer to enable him place the equipment in operation expeditiously as possible. .4 Transformer Testing at Wagner EJectri Waoner Electric Company, of St. Louis, Missouri, has been a manufactu of transformers since 18')3. -is1 In the induced voltage test section where all transformers are tested in accordance with commercial standards of ASA and NEMA, the motor-generator set, shown here, provides required test voltages. The tin consists of a 300-cycle, 4000-volt generator with a five-minute rating off*. 1500 kva, three phase, and 1000 kva, single phase. The generator is drive bv a 4160-volt, three-phase, 60-cycle synchronous motor with a five-munJ rating of 2250 hp. Suitable control equipment provides voltage regulaooi of 25 percent to 110 percent of normal voltage in increments of .5 P2J The Elliott motor-generator set converts 00-cycle to 300-cycle current for induced-voltage testing. I Shown below is a new and very modern copper rod mill in the plant of a leading manufacturer of electric cable. The installation has a capacity of 40,000 lb per hr for 2-strand rolling with finished coil delivery every 19 seconds. It rolls -in. and Vjg-in. copper rod from standard billets in a continuous, fully-automatic operation. Adjustable-voltage The entire electrical installation was engineered and coordinated by the Elliott Industry Engineering Department. The control, with system gives the exception of the regulators, was furnished by Cutler Hammer and built to Elliott Company specifications. Super-sensitive Elliott electronic regulators were developed to pro high accuracy on vide the extremely accurate performance required of this type of mill. The mill consists of two 3-high roughing mill stands, seven con copper rod mill tinuous finishing stands, and three coilers. Copper wire bars are conveyor-fed into the furnace. After leaving the furnace, the ingots are rolled down in 14 passes to finished size. Leaving the last stand _at a speed of 2400 fpm, the rod is coiled. The coils are tied and conveyed into a pickling line. The entire procedure is automatic and all operations are controlled from one operator pulpit. Not shown in our picture, the heating furnace is at the far end of the building. Next to the furnace are two roughing stands (also not shown). There is first a 24-in., 3-high mill which is driven by an Elliott Q 300-hp, 720-rpm, squirrelcage motor. Three passes are nor| mally taken in this mill. The No. 2 18-in., 3-high roughingstand is driven } by an Elliott 450-hp, 720-rpm I squirrel-cage motor. Three passes are , taken in this mill. The rest of the motors are shown in the photograph. First, there is a 12-in., 2-high intermittent mill which is driven by a 200-hp, O 600-volt 690/825-rpm d-c motor. One pass is taken in this mill. This is followed by three oee 10-in., 2-high finishing mills. Each of these consist of two stands and each is driven by an Elliott 350-hp, 600-volt, 500/1250-rpm mo tor. The Elliott 1000-kw, 600-volt motor-generator set which supplies the d-c power is not shown in the picture. In right foreground, arc the three ad D c ilers which arc driven byElliott 20-hp motors. There are three sets of controls shown; in the background opposite the roughing motors are the highvoltage control cabinets In about the same location, is the 440-volt con trol. In the right middle, opposite the finishing mill motors, are the cabinets containing the adjustable-voltage d-c - control and electronic regulators . The coiier control is in the nearest cabinet. Ventilating equipment is in the middle background. Also not shown in the photograph: an elaborate tying and conveyor sys tem, furnace pushers, conveyor rolls, table-lift, and other auxiliaries that are powered by Elliott motors. The main operator's control desk is shown at left. 1 POWERTAX. AUTUMN 1957 9 The man trolley is shown,: with the low hanging operators cab overlooking (he. bucket, providing adequate visibility arid control of the bucket while digging in the. ship1 Hold and while dumping into the hopper .'.The large machinery house at top of structure houses the Elliott motor-generator, motors and control .* 'i 1 shown in the photograph bn opposite page. I' New Dxavo Unloader speeidds ore transit // !/\ \\ fox Pennsylvania'Railroa luE fourth and newest roan trolley unloader for the Railroad's giant ore pier at Greenwich Point, Philadelphia, began opera tion last winter. It is the second unloader that the Dravo Corporation of Pittsburgh has installed at this pier in less than two years. A 20,000-ton ore ship can now be unloaded at the pier in less than seven hours, and with the addition of the new machine two such ships can be unloaded simultaneously. The pier, operated for the railroad by the Pennsylvania Tidewater Dock Company, has grown to be the largest of its type on the East Coast w ithin two and one half years after its dedication. During July 1950, it handled nearly a million tons of iron ore. Rapid expansion of the facility has been necessary to handle the ever-increasing flow of imported ore, particularly from Labrador and South America. Like the Dravo unloader installed earlier, the new machine has a free-digging capacity of 1800 net tons per hour. The bucket capacity is rated by Dravo at T3Vi tons, although on i The trolley turntable drive motor is in the fore ground, an Elliott 003frame mill motor rated !3Vx hp, and in the background one of the 616 frame, IS7V- -hp trolley drii e motors is risible. The turn table is rotated through its limited travel by the sprocket and chain drive shown, the chain simply being anchored to the periphery of the turntable. View inside the machinery house showing thefireunit, 800-hp, 1300-rpm a-c to d-c motor-generator set, and the d-c control panel. In background one of two apron-hoist drives can be partially seen. occasion the bucket can be overloaded to 25 tons. With the other unloaders on the 850-ft pier, the new machine operates on the same 64-ft gage runway. Elliott Company supplied the elec trical drive on the unloader. It is powered by Elliott a-c and d-c mo tors, ranging in size from 10 to 800 hp and having a total rating of 2137 hp. The use of d-c adjustable voltage con trol on the bucket and the trolley travel assures superior performance and smooth operation. Among the notable electrical equip ment items are the Eve-unit adjust able-voltage motor-generator set con sisting of an 800-hp, 4160-volt, syn chronous motor driving two 250-kw, one 300-kw and one 150-kw d-c gen erators. Each of the 250-kw generators supplies adjustable-voltage d-c power to one of the 618 frame shunt-wound hoist-drive mill type motors, and the 300-kw generator supplies adjustablevoltage d-c power to the two 616 frame shunt-wound trollcv-drive mill type motors. The 150-kw, 250-volt, d-c generator supplies power at con stant potential for auxiliary drive power, and for control and excitation purposes. The d-c auxiliary, constant-poten tial d rives (with mill-type motor frame numbers in parentheses) are: apron hoist (612), tower travel (608), rail The Dravo Elliott-driven unloader is shown at left in the photograph reproduced below. Conveyor belts carry the orefrom the hoppers of allfour unloaders to the wait ing weigh house and gondola cars for immediate movement to the nation's steel mills. clamp release (602), and trolley turn table (603). These Elliott C-W mill type motors, developed initially for use in steel mills, have been almost universally adopted for use on the adjustable-voltage d-c driven, bulk material handling equipments, of which this Dravo Pennsylvania Rail road man trolley unloader is a typical example. The control equipment includes a high-voltage starter for the 800-hp synchronous motor, adjustable-volt age and constant-potential d-c con trol, as well as a 4160/440-volt trans former for a-c auxiliary power, a distribution panel board, and a power supply for 110-volt lighting. A bucket of ore can be removed from a ship's hold on an average of once every 45 seconds, and Pennsyl vania Tidewater's skilled operators frequently have driven the Dravo un loaders to handle bucket loads in as littleas 36 seconds. Because the bucket can reach 73 ft from the dock face and be lowered nearly 30 ft below Thefirst bucket ojforeign ore is unloaded by the new unloader. The bucket takes up to 25-ton bites to help unload modern ore vessels such as shown here in less than seven hours. For sige comparison note man walking. the normal water level, the unloader can remove ore from the largest car riers afloat. The turntable on the trolley permits rotation of the bucket, which facilitates the removal of the ore from the holds of all types of ships, particularly during clean-up operations. The bucket empties the ore into a 2200*cu ft hopper, which can be racked (traveled) so that it can serve either of two conveyor belts. The belts are 1600 ft long and run between the trucks of all the unloaders to carry' the ore to the weigh house and railroad car loading station. In the joreground is one oj the 616 jrame, lS7Vl-hp trolley drive motors. It drives a pair oj trolley wheels, on the shajt visible behind and to the right oj the motor, through the speed-reducer next to the brake on the lejl end oj the motor. In the background above trolley motor, may be seen one oj the bucket hoist motors, atop the lurnlablt which mounts both hoist motors and the two hoist ma chines. Bucket hoist motors are 250-hp mill type motors One oj the Elliott 612 frame, 94-hp series-wound apron hoist drive motors. Each apron hoist machine consists of two large cable drums, two speed-reducers and one oj these husky, mill type adjustable-voltage motors. 12 POWERfAX, autumn 1 I / The Ninemile Point Steam Electric Station of Louisiana Power & Light Company, at H'estwega, near New Orleans, y has been called the mostfully automatic utility power plant in the United States. In the picture, the No. 1 unit is in the e middle, No. 2 at right, and No. 3 at left, No. 3 turbine-generator, extreme left. Each unit preserves its individuality. Louisiana Power & Light Companyplant is distinctive LoittrisiANA Power & Light Company is proud of its Ninemile Point Steam Eiectric Station. It has been called the nearest thing to a completely auto matic power station. Only five men per shift are required to operate this three-unit totally outdoor station with a generating capacity of 319,000 k\v. Television scans fires and monitors the main gate. The location of the station on a peninsula in the Mississippi River, near VVcstwcgo, La., (about nine miles above New Orleans) was selected on the basis of load requirements in the area, future load growth, availability of fuel and cooling water. All three turbine-generators arc hydrogen-cooled, tandem-compound, double-flow units. No. 1, a 66,000-kw preferred standard unit, went on the line in April 1951. Its steam generator is rated 650,000 lb per hr, 1350 psi, 955 F, burning One oftwo Elliott WOO-hp, 900-rpm, weatherprotected motors driving theforced-draft fans. gas at a maximum pressure of 35 psi, but equipped to bum medium diesel oil as emergency fuel. The So. 2 unit, a 99,000-kw preferred standard unit, was installed in 1953. Its boiler is rated 950,000 lb per hr, 1550 psig, 1005 F, and is equipped with furnace tele vision so that the control room operator can constamlv check fires. No. 3 unit features a 135,000-kw turbine-generator and a boiler rated 1,000,000 lb per hr, 1550 psig, 1005 F with reheat to 1005 F. Its auxiliaries are driven bv Elliott motors, some of which are pictured here. Each of the three units maintains its individuality by differences in design and each is painted a different color. . Unit 3 uses a colored porcelainized metal boiler skin. \ All three boilers are set at about a 30-ft elevation and , are arranged for future conversion to coal firing, should y it ever be required. % Ebasco Services Incorporated was responsible for the ^ engineering design, construction and start-up of all units, y ii ighl out in the open are three Elliott 1500-hp, 3600-rpm weather-protected induction motors icing the boiler-feed pumps. .1 portion of the Unit 3 turbine-generator unit is seen at top left- ..Si <lt left are seen two Elliott C-W 100-hp 3600-rpm, vertical, solid shaft, squirrel-cage induction motors which are driving low-pressure healer drip pumps. POWHUAX, AUTUMN 2 I The photograph at the right shows two Elliott 600-hp, J50-rpm, vertical, weather-protected, solid shaft, squirrel-cage induction motors driving the main condenser circulating water pumps, which are located across a levee from the station. A syphon pumping system is located out on the levee. Shown below are two Elliott C- H1" WO-kp, 1800-rpm, splashproof motors driving service water booster pumps. Back of the unit on the right may be seen two Elliott strainers--a single strainer and a self-cleaning strainer. They strain the river water before it is handled by the booster pumps. An Elliott C-W 50-hp, 1800-rpm TEFC induction motor is here driving an instrument air compressor. Here are two Elliott strainers. In theforeground is a 12-in. self-cleaning strainer, and immediately to the left, a 10-in. single strainer in a by-pass line. The three condensate pumps are driven by Elliott 350-hp, 1800-rpm, vertical weather-protected induction motors. They are located immediately adjacent to the condenser, which may be seen here in the left background. POWEHFAX, AUTUMN 1957 Here are theJour Elliott 1583-kva, 327-rpm generators driven by Sardberg Duafuel engines which are equipped with Elliott turbochargers. Minnesota REA plant The Federated Rural Electric Association at Jackson, Minnesota has been in existence since 1936. For 13 years it was a distribution cooperative. Then when power demand ex ceeded the possible supply it was necessary to build a suitable power plant. A building was erected and three Nordberg 4-cycle, 8-cylin der, 16 in. by 22 in. Duafucl diesel engines were installed. The engines, developing 1750 hp at 327 rpm, were fitted with Elliott turbo chargers and Elliott 1230-kw generators. The engines operate on cither natural gas or diesel oil and can be switched over from one fuel to the other while operating. Original plans provided for a fourth engine- generator to be installed at a later date, than a year after the first three went >nto3 service, the order was placed for the four1 unit, identical to the other three. This is a unitized plant in that each engin^ with its auxiliaries forms a complete entit Power is generated at 4160 volts and formed to 34,500 volts in the sub-station to^ supply the transmission line and the stepdowig sub-station. Diesel fuel oil is stored in four 20,000-g tanks and is filtered and metered before to the engines. A five-ton overhead travelling* crane, together with shop facilities, provide^ for the maintenance of the equipment. 16 POWERFAX, AUTUMN Hot acid in a cold country POWERFAX, AUTUMN 1957 The Elliott centrifugal compressor is rated 29,600 inlet cfm, handling air at minus 5 in. water gage and discharging at 75 in. water gage. The 482-hp turbine drives the compressor at 3200 rpm, using steam at 445 psig, 600 F, and exhausting at 35 psig. Sulphuric acid is just about the handiest chemical there is. So it's not surprising to find acid plants all over. And when you find them, you'll usually see Elliott single-stage cen trifugal compressors pumping the air for oxidation and the sulphur dioxide through the various coolers, filters, catalyst holders, absorbers, etc. These compressors keep the whole process moving and furnish the control regu lation. Thus, they operate contin uously as the heart of the plant. We naturally think it's a fine recom mendation for Elliott compressors that hundreds of them have served so well in this industry for the past quarter century. The photograph shown here was snapped as an Elliott turbine-driven, single-stage centrifugal compressor was just being hooked-up in a new fertilizer plant in Canada. The 22million-dollar plant is to produce ammonium nitrate and ammonium phosphate for Canadian and north west U. S. markets. Raw material requirements are about 410 tons per day of phosphate rock, and about 530 tons per day of sulphuric acid. Because of extremely cold winters, special building construction and raw material practices are used. Mines are inaccessible in winter so raw materials must be stockpiled. All equipment 'is indoors and build ings are designed for comfort at --40 F with 60-mph winds whistling outside. n IlE.rn has been called "the precious metal'' not be cause of its price but because of its worth. Throughout the centuries, lead has proved its value in numerous ways, yet comparatively few people realize how much they depend upon it. People who work with lead do not regard it as a dull, unromantic base metal. Having first-hand knowl edge of lead, those who use the metal value it for one or more of its many unique properties. For example, in the chemical processing field, leat is relied on to prevent the corrosion of equipmen needed in handling sulphuric acid and other metal destroying chemicals. In chemical plants, lead is used either by itself i all-lead piping, valves, vessels or other equipment, t in combination with stronger, harder metals such ; steel, iron or copper. In these "combinations", ti lead may be intimately joined to its sister metal 1 bonding or it may be applied as a so-called "loos' lining or cladding. In any case, lead's job is to prot< the acid-handling system from corrosion which wor have disastrous consequences upon the production whatever commodity--petroleum, synthetic fibf fertilizers, chemicals, for example,--is manufactui in the plant. Furthermore, should the lead lining jacketing lie damaged, repairs are quickly and ea made because lead is so "mendable". In the plumbing field, lead has long been prefer by men who ply a trade which actually gets its tv from the Latin word for lead--"plumbum". W and waste systems consisting of lead pipe and fitti not to mention sheet lead shower pans, owe t trouble-free nature to several of lead's properti pliability, corrosion resistance, low-friction sur and ease of joining. Where joints or connection required, the lead elements are readily joined solder which itself is mostly lead. In the field of what may be termed either prevc medicine or health promotion, lead shows anotl National Lead Company owns this oj old Homan lead pipe, unearthed i in 1907. It was made about 75 A.D.. the reign oj Emperor Vespasian. AJte 1900 years, this lead pipe is as g sound, as the day it was made. Inter, the lead, studied via spectrographic ; is as pure as present-day commerc POWERfAJC. Aim its many valuable "faces". Here the very "heft" or density of lead dictates its use as a shielding material in connection with x-ray examinations and treatment with radioactive substances such as radium or cobalt60. Moreover, lead containers are commonly em ployed to protect x-ray or other film from fogging by radiation. In the field of atomic energy lead is playing a highly important role since the metal stands practically alone, in its price range, as a shielding material against gamma radiation. Lead, in proper thickness, not only provides adequate shielding for personnel but the metal itself does not become radioactive. In the field of transportation, it is hard to imagine how automotive vehicles would operate without the familiar lead-acid storage battery. In this application, the lead plates or "grids" of the battery, coated as they are with certain lead oxides, have, in the presence of sulphuric acid, the valuable properties of "storing up" electrical energy and then, when called on by starterbutton, light switch, servo motor, etc., of releasing the energy. This cycle is repealed again and again for the life of the battery; and that's not all! When the battery is junked, the lead plates go back to a smelter where the lead is freed of impurities and is returned to battery service, good as new. In the field of communication, lead's largest use, of course, is as a covering for cables. The message-carrying or functional part of the cable is protected against moisture or other damaging ele ment by a seamless, continuous jacket of lead. The foregoing has outlined in brief some of the principal uses of lead. The listing of other uses--as an alloying element in solders, in bearing metals, in print ing metals, for example; and in modified form as paint pigments, in pottery and enamel glazes, in chemicals and numcrousotherapplications--would require many pages. We have not even mentioned the role of lead in anti-knock gasoline--a market that consumes thou sands of tons weekly. Except where lead is converted into a chemical compound--as in pigments, glazes, tetraethyl, and so on--the metal is almost completely recoverable. Old piping, tank linings, trimmings, cable sheathing, stor- POWERFAX. AUTUMN 1957 -V/ill motor drive at Hoyt plant, National Lead Company. An Elliott mill motor, nominally rated 250 hp I hour, 200 hp continuous. J20 rpm, ivith peak loadings of 750 hp, drices the rolls through a speed reducer. Input speed of 775 rpm is reduced to 50 rpm or a ratio of 15.5 to 1 The mill has motor-driven screw-douin and the tables are driven by the main drive motor. The Elliott motor-generator set consists of a 250-kw d-c gener ator, a 300-hp synchronous motor, and a 7/>-kw exciter, all operating at 1200 rpm. The unit is of rugged metal mill construc tion. Bearing thermostats and overspeed device are included. In background are seen the adjustable voltage control cabinets. 19 age battery plates, in fact, almost all forms of metallic lead, eventually go back to the smelter for refining and recovery and eventual re-use. ShfrctLead One of the oldest forms of metallic lead is sheet. And it is one of the commonest fabrications today. The plumbing systems of ancient Rome consisted largely of lead pipe which was formed from lead sheet. By some obscure method the sheets were bent around mandrels and the overlapping sheet edges were joined by a "burn ing" process. These oval-shaped pipes, necessarily in short lengths, were joined, section by section, until a water conduit of the proper length was obtained. Sheet lead today is roiled in power ful mills, in sheet sizes ranging down ward from 12 ft by 48 ft, in some gages. Very thick sheet (1 in.) is ob tainable as large as 12 ft by 12 ft. Thin sheet ()& in.) is obtainable 8 ft by 20 ft, or smaller. There are, of course, many variations. Whatever the ultimate thickness or size, the sheet usually starts in the mill as a six- or seven-ton slab, size about 10 ft by 4)4 ft by 4J4 in. This huge lead casting, either warm or cold, is placed on the mill bed and moved back and forth between heavysteel rolls. With each forward or back ward pass of the lead slab, the rolls are moved a little closer together, the slab becoming thinner and longer as it moves to and fro. When the desired dimensions are reached, the sheet is trimmed square, rolled like a rug and prepared for shipment. Since there is a fairly close mathe matical relationship between sheet thickness and weight per square foot, sheet lead may be specified as suchand-such fractional inch thickness or as so many pounds per foot. That is to say, it can be }{ in. thick or 4 lb, which is the same thing, since the sheet weighs about one pound per square foot for each sixty-fourth inch thickness. Besides the usual specifications as to length, width, and thickness, shcec lead may be had in several so-called "grades". There is common lead, chemical lead, antimonial lead, tel lurium lead, and tellurium-antimonial lead. Each has its own character istics as to stiffness, strength, creep, and corrosion resistance. Sheet lead finds its greatest usefulness, perhaps, as a lining for tanks and vessels in which sulphuric acid solutions are employed for chemical processing. The lead sheet may be a "freehanging" lining, supported in a cage like structure; it may be fastened to the steel, concrete or wooden tank with strapping and bolts or studs fired from a cartridge; or it may be per manently, and virtually inseparably, joined to a steel sheet by a special bonding process. In all cases, the sheet edges are "burned" or welded together to produce an acid-right structure. Hoyt Plant Mill Modernised At the Hoyt Plant ofNational Lead Company at Granite City, Illinois, recently a 28-in. by 110-in. single stand, two-high reversing lead roll ing mill was modernized and speeded up by replacing the original steam engine drive by an Elliott adjustablevoltage d-c electric drive. The instal lation, which is said to be the only lead mill drive of its kind in this country, has resulted in great savings in rolling costs. The electrical equipment replaced a 350-hp, 250-rpm, two-cylinder steam engine and a 5-to-l gear unit driving the main rolls of the hot mill. In making the conversion, the exist ing steam line was used as a conduit for a power line from sub-station to mill. The change-over to electric drive required a shutdown of only a week and a half. The Elliott electrical equipment was sized and designed after a study of the existing operation, plus de tailed calculations from test data. As shown by installation photographs on the previous page, the mill is now powered by an Elliott Crocker Wheeler adjustable-voltage mill mo tor, nominally raced 250 hp, together with a 250-kw motor-generator set and adjustable-voltage control equip, mem. A synchronous motor was used in the motor-generator set since main taining good power factor was desir able. It was noted that antimonial lead slabs 8 ft by 4 ft by 4'/> in. and weigh ing 4 tons were reduced to Yi in. thickness in 38 passes, requiring 5 minutes rolling time. The slab was then sheared into four parts and each part further reduced to 0.130 in. in 13 more passes, requiring approxi mately 1 minute, 30 seconds rolling time for each part. Chemical lead slabs 5 ft by 5 ft by 5 in. are also reduced to '/ in. thickness. The new drive arrangement pro vides continuous uniform speed con trol from rest or from any speed in the reverse direction to any of the desired running speed points selected by the operator. The control, which is housed in a sheet steel cabinet with hinged doors on front and back, pro vides five speed points forward and reverse for the main drive motor anc field neutralizing of the generator ir the off-position of the master switch The rate of acceleration and deceler ation, together with the accuracy o the speed points up to base speed i obtained by a sensitive, powerful, ro tating voltage regulator with a cur rent limiting feature. This keeps uni form current and consequendy torqu on the motor during acceleration an deceleration and yet protects the m< tor from any excessive currents. - The gear ratio and control make possible for the motor to start an accelerate up to 32.5 rpm of the nr with maximum torque and to d velop the maximum horsepower all speeds above 32.5 rpm. The increased available horsepow results in increased production many schedules. 'S5 ?0 POWER?AX. AUTUMN 1 mmm The 1000-hp Enterprise engines operate at 600 rpm driving United centrifugal pumps at 3550 rpm through Western Gear Works speed-increasing gears. The engines are equipped with Elliott turbochargers (top middle in photo). Portable units pump Middle East oil This diesel pumping rig (one of four) is on its way to Arabia, where The American Independent Oil Company will use these portable rigs to pump oil from their rich new Wafra Field wells to the Persian Gulf coast. (Wafra Field lies in the Neutral Zone of the tiny sheikdom of Kuwait.) The 1000-hp Enterprise engines are equipped with Elliott turbochargers. The engines can burn both the crude oil which they pump and natural gas emanating from wells. i The Neutral Zone is a 2500 sq mi coastal strip lying along the Persian 3 Gulf between its sponsors, Kuwait and Saudi Arabia. Production from its \ Wafra Field Oil reserves is equally shared by The American Independent Oil Company and Getty Oil Company, both U. S. concerns. In 1956, VV'afra's oil was produced at the rate of 39,000 bbl daily. With an estimated 650,000,000 bbl in reserve, production is expected to increase sharply this year. Oil is pumped from the welts overland 35 miles through a pipeline called the Wafra Shipping System, to a terminal on the coast called Mina Abdulla. It is along this pipeline that the portable pumping units will be used. The marine terminal at Mina Abdulla is actually the shore-anchor for a 12,000-ft submarine line connecting the pipeline system with the sea berth. Tankers tie up and load the oil directly from this terminus. Pumping oil from the hot, desolate field outpost to waiting tankers puts ever-changing demands upon the power source. Burning-hot 130F tem peratures--fierce, sudden sand storms--bleak, inaccessible locations-- changing production loads--all these were factors to be considered part of "normal" operating conditions for these units. i1 ' POWEUFAJC, AUTUMN 1957 Photograph below shows a close-up of the Elliott turbocharger on one of the engines. 21 Two more Elliott generators adde ly Illinois Rural Electric Company Two Elliott 3000-kw diesel-driven generators installed at its Pittsfield, Illinois, plant are Illinois Rural Electric Company's latest addition to its generating capacity to keep pace with ever-increasing demands for electric power. Illinois Rural Electric serves rural consumers of electricity in seven counties in west central Illinois and has a total generating capacity of 12,680 kw at its two plants at Pittsfield and Winchester. In addition to these latest units at the Pittsfield plant, are three Elliott 1160-kw generators installed in 1950. At the company's Winchester plant are three 400-kw and two 1000-kw Elliott diesel-driven generators. The photograph below shows the latest Elliott 3000-kw, 225-rpm generators installed at Illinois Rural Electric's Pittsfield plant. These generators show as the last two in the row ojfive in the photograph at the lefit. In this latter photo, the three generators in the foreground are the lldO-kw units installed in 7950. Mote that the stator frame of the third unit has been shifted out of place for routine inspection. POWERFAX, AUTUMN 1957 E This viewfeatures the three first-stage ejectors of the Elliott triple element two-stage ejector serving the residuum strip-1 per. Suction chambers are connected to a manifold and they exhaust to the intercondenser shown in photograph at rigkt. i Oil in California and the El Segundo Refinery by R. L. RidqwoY, Field Engineer, Elliott Company, Los Angela Vross crude oil production for the Standard Oil Company of California and its subsidiaries of the Western hemisphere totaled up to 144,931, 628 barrels in 1956, making it one of the leading oil companies in the United States. The most extensive refinery opera tions are at Richmond, near San Francisco; at El Segundo, near Los Angeles; and a smaller unit located near Bakersfield. Even before 1866 when the first serious attempt to drill for oil was made in California, it was well known that there was oil beneath California soil. Surface indications and seepages had been recovered, treated, and used for illuminating and lubricating purposes. According to old records, in 1865 there were 62 petroleum companies incorporated in the State of Cali fornia. This was six years after the Drake discovery well which was drilled in 1859. The rapidly growing population of California provided a good market for kerosene, which for many years was brought mainly around the Horn from the East. As a result of the en terprise of some ex-Pennsylvanians, three wells were drilled in Pico Can yon, northwest of Los Angeles late in 1875. The next year the Califor Star Oil Works Company was formal to develop the Pico, a company which D. C. Scofield, later the president of the independent Sta ard Oil Company (California! played a key role. In 1879 the Caffi fornia Star Oil Works Compae passed into the control of a new i ganization, the Pacific Coast 03 Company. For many years Padfj Coast Oil was the dominant con pany in the western industry. In 1878 the Standard Oil Company came West. Standard brought ib. wide range of products from its < em refineries into the West, POWERSAX, AUTUMN U This photograph features a closeup of the combined inter- and aftercondenser. In the one shell are a 2000-sq ft intercondenser and a 1000-sqft aftercondenser. The three fast-stage ejectors are again seen, top right. This photograph shows the vacuum equipment for the residuum stripper. Two Elliott 11,000-sq ft surface condensers are mounted on the platform. The downcomer from the tower is seen at the top coming into a manifold distributing the vapors to both condensers. Between the condensers on the platform may be seen the suction chambers of the three first-stage ejectors. Below these is the square head of the combined inter- and aftercondenser. The inlercondenser is served by three second-stage ejectors, the foremost of which can be made out at the right of the square condenser. Details of ejectors and condensers above. they encountered a certain degree of competition from the products of the Pacific Coast Oil refinery at Ala meda. During this period the .Alameda works manufactured gasoline, naph tha, gas oil, fuel oil, lubricants, and a poor grade of kerosene. Pacific Coast Oil soon became an integrated oil enterprise with produc ing, transporting, and refining facili ties. Meanwhile Standard Oil had developed a very strong marketing organization in the West. In 1895 came the alliance between Standard and Pacific Coast Oil Company. As a first step Standard contracted to sell Pacific Coast's entire output of kero sene and the naphthas. Five years later, in 1900, Standard took over Pacific Coast Oil Company by stock purchase. Around 1900, with the introduc tion of new fields such as Kern River and Brea Canyon, it was apparent that the old Alameda Refinery would not be able to keep pace with oppor tunity. Standard Oil built the Rich mond refinery. In July, 1902, the first oil Unwed into that refinery. When the last of the eighteen crude stills was completed in the following year, the refinery charged about 3000 barrels a day. However, expansion began almost immediately. In 1904 about 9000 barrels a day were being charged. Richmond had become one of the largest processing refineries in POWEMAX. AUTUMN 19S7 25 the world. It was charging nearly 80 per cent of the runs to stills in Cali fornia. The prior year, 1903, Califor nia's crude production had increased to more than 24,000,000 barrels, mak The two Elliott 5000-sq Jt single-pass surjace condensers which serve the high-speed tur bines are featured in this view. ing it the first state in crude produc tion in the nation. This was about the time, around 1904, when people were tinkering with something called a "horseless carriage". Records show that 22,000 ?- automobiles were manufactured in 1904. This is a far cry from the pro duction of today but it soon made the former waste product, gasoline, the most important end product. > In 1907 Standard created a pro- - duction department, began to buv '* lands, to lease land, and to begin If active drilling for producing wells. j: Since 1907 there has been a continu ing expansion of this program. In 1911 on Santa Monica Bav, 17^1 miles from the center of Los Angeles^S ground was broken for the El Segundo^ Refinery (El Segundo means second^ in Spanish). The site was a barren^ waste consisting of 843 acres, but within 139 days the first battery of ^ five stills was operating. fgg The first modified Dubbs thermal ' cracking plant was constructed at El Segundo in 1928 to meet the increas ing demand for gasoline. At this time the thermal cracking process had been brought to a high degree of per fection and enabled the refiner to recover more gasoline from a given amount of crude oil. In 1941, as the need for higher octanes increased, a Houdry fixed bed catalytic cracking unit was con structed at El Segundo. In 1953 a Model Four fluid catalytic cracking unit, perfected in 1951 by the Stand ard Oil Development Company, was installed at El Segundo. This unit, which processes 40,000 bpd gas oil, required approximately 18,000 hp to handle the flow of feed One of the two Elliott 2494-kp, rpm, multi-stage turbines which drive cen trifugal compressors serving the platformer^ unit, installed on a platform in an outdoor, location. The turbine sheet steel jocheting^ had not been installed when this ph graph was made. The turbines exhaust to^ Elliott 5000-sq ft surface condensers,^ which are shown in the above pholograpE^ At right is one of the Elliott two-st^t ejectors which serve the condensers befoB POWERTAX, autumn This photograph shows a line of Elliott steam turbines driving pumps serving thecatalytic rejormer unit. Serving at El Segundo are many Elliott turbines ranging in size from 5 to 2500 hp (opposite). and products (gas oil, gasoline, LPG and fuel gases). Numerous Elliott steam turbines are used on this unit as pump drives. These turbines range in size from 5 to 500 hp, most of them operating at either two-pole or fourpole motor speeds. Motive steam is in the neighborhood of 150 psig. The feed for the catalytic cracker comes primarily from the residuum stripper. The major purpose of this unit (vacuum flash) is the recovery of virgin or uncrackcd stock from re duced crudes and heavy residues of the refinery. The reduced crudes enter the residuum stripper first, through heat exchangers, absorbing heat from the asphalt bottoms and heavy gas oil product streams and arc thus pre heated before entering the direct-fired heater. The vapor-liquid mixture leaving the direct-fired heater enters the vacuum column which separates a light vacuum gas oil which comes off the top of the tower. A heavyvacuum gas oil comes off the tower about midway up and this is the feed for the fluid cat cracker. The asphalt residue comes off the bottom of the tower. The vapor load removed from the top of the tower consists of approxi mately 30,000 lb per hr of steam, plus approximately 25,000 lb per hr of condensable hydrocarbon vapor, plus approximately 2000 lb per hr of noncondensable gas. To handle this load and maintain approximately 2 in. Hg absolute pressure, two Elliott 11,000-sq ft surface condensers are used, arranged in parallel. Serving these two condensers is an Elliott triple element two-stage ejector hav ing the intercondenser and aftercon denser combined in a common shell. Condensate from the inter- and after condensers is collected in pots and pumped to storage. The aftercon denser in this vacuum system is vented to the furnace where the noncon densable hydrocarbons add to the other fuels used for firing. Elliott equipment serving this resid uum stripper consists of two 11,000-sq ft surface condensers arranged for four water passes and two vapor passes. Due to the presence of am monia, hydrochloric acid, naphthenic acid, and hydrogen sulfide in the overhead vapors being condensed, it was necessary to use special metals in the condensing equipment. The re siduum charging stocks are from Cali fornia crudes and contain about 1 to 2 per cent of sulphur. They also con tain an appreciable amount of naph thenic acids and hydrochloric acid formers. The ammonia comes from being injected into the vacuum col umn at a rate of about 5 lb per hr for control of the corrosive effects of these acids on carbon steel. The latest major construction at El Segundo was a catalytic reformer constructed in 1953. This unit, using a platinum type catalyst, has a ca pacity of 26,000 barrels per day of naphtha feed. The two multi-stage centrifugal compressors on the plat former arc driven by Elliott multi stage, multi-valve turbines rated 2494 hp at 10,400 rpm. The turbines ex haust at an absolute pressure of 2 in. Hg to two Elliott 5000-sq ft surface condensers. The expansion plans of Standard Oil of California for the immediate future include another residuum strip per at El Segundo and new refineries in Honolulu and Washington state. POWHtTAX, AUTUMN 1957 21 Pictured here is the 30-in. booster ejector serving the deodorizer vacuum header and discharging into the 42-in. barometric-type booster condenser. Ejectors serve South Texas Cotton Oil Comp a; The new, modern and efficient vegetable oil processing plant of South Texas Cotton Oil Com pany, Houston, Texas, division of Southern Cotton Oil Company, is exemplified by the photographs shown here. Design and construction were super vised by the owner's engineering department. The building uses glazed tile walls at the ground level with upper siding of transite and corrulux. The result is natural lighting which emphasizes the . pleasing appearance of the brightly color coded process lines, vessels, and other equipment. Elliott steam jet ejector and barometric con denser equipment serves all vacuum requirements. These include deaerating and deodorizing esses, the latter employing a three-kettle ca gravity flow design. The deaerator kettle employs a two-stage with barometric type intercondenser mair approximately 1.5 in. Hg absolute pressurt The three deodorizing kettles are servt common vacuum header in which appros 9.5 mm absolute pressure is maintains three-stage ejector. This ejector consists of diameter suction first or booster stage, : mately 20 ft. long, discharging into a 4 ameter barometric condenser, which in 28 POWERFAX, AUTUMN ! At lower right is the excellently arranged condenser hotwell with an Elliott motor driving the condensate removal pump. .-1/ left is seen the control panel. Left above---Close-up of two-stage deaerator ejector with twostage ejector serving the booster condenser in right background. .1 side view of the booster ejector in the background with de odorizer kettle vacuum lines in the foreground and upper right. veil by a small two-stage ejector with barotric type intercondenser. The last stages of the three-stage deodorizer -ctor and the two-stage deaerator ejector are anifolded, with an additional single-stage ejector provide adequate "hogging" capacity for rapid acuation of the system at start-up. In addition to the ejector equipment, Elliott ipproof and TEFC (totally-enclosed, fan-cooled) otors drive Ingersoll-Rand pumps in the handling condenser water to and from the Fluor cooling wer: the induced-draft fan serving the tower is 'o Elliott TEFC-motor-driven. POWERPAX, AUTUMN 1957 Elliott dripproof and TEFC motors drive the pumps handling the condenser water at the cooling lower. This Elliott submarine propulsion motor1 driven by an Elliott synchronous motor, serves as a generator. The generator furnishes currentfor a wind tunnel motor. Note the unusual totally-enclosed, water-cooled enclosure. These motors had to be water-tight below the frame joint and water-proof above. "Beached" submarine motors still on the job If these motors could talk, they could tell some interesting stories. Both powered U. S. submarines during World War II. Both were retired, toward the end of the war, when im proved enemy sound-detection made geared submarine propulsion obsolete.. However, these motors (and nearly 200 others made by Elliott) were simply too useful to stay "retired". Declared surplus by the Navy, mo tors of this type are now doing many jobs throughout the United States. The two shown below, arranged back-to-back, power the draw-works of a giant electric drilling rig capable of drilling to 25,000 ft. The rig is operated by Circle Drilling Co., Eunice, Louisiana. Other identical Elliott submarine propulsion motors are employed in drilling service by Loffland Brothers, New Iberia, Louisiana. These, however, are used as main generators, being driven by 1100-hp diesel engines. Another Elliott veteran of subma rine service, above, serves an entirely different purpose. Coupled with an Elliott synchronous motor, it oper ates as a generator, feeding another sub-type motor. This motor in turn drives a blower in a Massachusetts Institute of Technology wind tunnel. During World War II, motors of this type became the standard pro pulsion machine of our submarine fleet. Four motors comprised a "shipsworth". Operating in pairs, two mo tors drove each of two reduct gears which powered the twin sere A diesel-posvered generator fumisl current for each pair ofmotors. Ell production reached its peak in 1 when Ridgway built 39 vessels-w of propulsion motors, main ge ators, and auxiliary generators. Toward the close of the war, en sonic detection improved. The noise of the standard propulsion tem became intolerable. An incur ate program was undertaken which Elliott played a major pai develop a low-speed propulsion tem, eliminating the reduction By war's end, the original high-.' geared motors, as shown on this were retired and became "surj Two Elliott submarine propulsion motors, back-to-back, drive the draw-works of an electric drilling rig. In the original sub service, each motor was rated at 1362.5 hp, 1200 rpm, 400 volts. Two duck hunters were sitting behind their blind, one drinking from a thermos of coffee, the other from a jug of whiskey. After some hours of sipping they spotted a lone duck winging through the sky. Taking quick aim, the coffee drinker rose, let fire, and missed. The whiskey drinker rose, let fire and brought the bird down. His companion, properly amazed, complimented him on the shot. He replied, "Aw, it's nothing. I usually get five or six in a flock like that." The way of the transgressor may be hard-- but it isn't lonely. The football coach, dejected because his team is losing, looks down his bench of substitutes and yells: "All right, Jones, go in there and get ferocious." Jones jumps up with a start and says: "Sure, coach, but what's his number?" Quiet people aren't the only ones who don't say much. A woman reported the disappearance of her husband to the police. "Is there any message you wish to give your husband if we find him?" asked the officer in charge of the investigation. "Ves," she replied, "tell him mother didn't come after all." There is no wholly satisfactory substitute for brains, but silence does pretty well. The lovely secretary announced that she was quitting her job and shortly thereafter one of the men told her they were striking for a raise because she was leaving. "What's my going got to do with your salary?" she asked. "Well,*' he explained, "We've always considered you one of our fringe benefits." A man ran for sheriff in a small western town and after the ballots were counted found that he had been defeated 100 to 1. The day following the election he walked down the center of the main street carrying two guns. "Sec here," said an indignant citizen, "You have no right to carry guns. You weren't elected sheriff." "Listen," he remonstrated, "A man with no more friends than I've got needs these two guns." Farmer (pulling with one mule): "Giddap Pete! Giddap Barney! Giddap Johnny! Giddap Ralph!" Stranger: "How many names docs that mule have?" Farmer: "His name's Pete, but he don't know his own strength so I put blinders on him, yell a lot of names and he thinks other mules are helping him." "Listen," said one cute young thing to another, concerning a rival, "All a sweater does for her is make her itch!" Sam was not as good a hunter as he pic tured himself in telling accounts of his ad ventures, but what he lacked in ability he had in confidence. Duck hunting with some friends early one morning he sighted his game within easy shooting distance. As his double blast broke the stillness of the morn ing the bird went squawking away. "Fly on, you fool bird," shouted Sam. "Fly on with your stubborn heart shot out!" The road to success is crowded with wives pushing their husbands ahead. Census Taker: How many bushels of corn did you raise last year? Backwoodsman: Didn't bushel it--bot tled it. In these days of low-cut gowns, tight-fitting waists and sheer stockings, it takes will power for a man to look a w oman in the eve. + The dentist told the millionaire Texas oil man that his teeth were in perfect condi tion. "But I feel lucky today," pleaded the Texan, "drill anyway." "He was nervous as a long-tailed cat in a roomful of rocking chairs." Said the hesitant young sheik upon inherit ing his father's harem: "It's not that I don't know what to do; I just don't know where to begin." "I've sacrificed everything I had in order that you could study medicine," the irate father told his son, "and now that you arc a doctor, you tell me I have to give up smoking." Young man to draft board: `But you can't turn me down. I've proposed to three girls, told rny boss what I think of him, and sold my car." -A man who had imbibed too freely and was late getting home was berated by his wife for keeping her up. His alibi was that he'd taken the wrong bus. "That I can understand," said his spouse, considering the shape you're in, but how did you find out you were on the wrong bus?" "Well, I kind of thought 1 was," replied the confused man, "when it stood at one corner for a couple of hours, but what finally tipped me off was the fact that people kept coming in and ordering ham burgers." A doctor had just finished checking over a middle aged patient. "Well, old man," he said with a laugh, "I can't seem to find a thing wrong with you, but I do recommend you give up half your love life." After a long pause and deep thought the patient re plied, "Doctor, which half do you recom mend I give up, thinking about it--or talk ing about it?" Socrates was a Greek philosopher who went around giving good advice. They poisoned him. The two women were discussing a third. Said one, "Well, you have to admit she's awfully kind to her inferiors." After a pause, the other retorted, "But where does she find them?" POV/ER7AX, AUTUMN 1957 31  PRODUCTS STEAM AND GAS TURBINES Turbine-Generator Units--Mechanical Drive Units--Power Recovery Turbines--High-Speed Reduction Gears ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT Motors 0 hp to largest)--induction, wound rotor, synchronous, d-c, brakemotors. gearmotors--Generators tall types a-c and d-c)--Motor-Generators--.Synchronous Condensers--Electromagnetic Slip Couplings NEAT TRANSFER APPARATUS Condensers and Ejectors--Deaerators and Deaerating Feedwater Heaters INDUSTRIAL PROCESS EQUIPMENT v Centrifugal Compressors--Steam Jet Ejectors--Condensing Equipment--Power Recovers-Gas Turbines CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSORS AND EXPANDERS Air Compressors--Gas Boosters and Exhausters--Compressors and Expanders for Process (Electric motor, steam, 01 gas turbine driven) TURBOCHARGERS AND SCAVENGING COMPRESSORS FOR DIESEL ENGINES Turbochargers for Two-Stroke Cycle and Four-Stroke Cycle Engines--Scavenging Compressors for Tw-o-Strok Cycle Engines _____ ________________________________ _________________ _ STRAINERS--FILTERS f) Strainers (Twin, Single. Oil, Self-Cleaning)--Filters and Grease Extractors TUBE CLEANERS AND ACCESSORIES --------- Cleaners for Tubes in Boilers, Oil Stills, Condensers; for Pipe, etc.--Tube Expanders, Gages, Plugs, etc. COUPLINGS Resilient Flexible Descriptive bulletin* of any of these products will gladly he sent upon rrquesi. JEANNETTE, PA. RIDGWAY, PA. Mechanical & Crocker^Wheeler Plants Tufbins, Heat Transfer Eqvitpm Turbocharqsrs, Acaestori**, Mol Generator*. Ruigway PUn, \ Motor*, Generators i Eiectrieai SPRINGFIELD, OHIO NEWARK, N.I. Lfagondja Pnrlant 1^(FTrilgebxeibCleleCanoeurpsl,inEgxspanders, Roto Plant (Tube Cleaners DISTRICT OFFICES Atlanta 5.. ................................3127 Maple Drive, N.E. Boston 35....................... ............. 1330 Soldiers Field Road Buffalo 2................................................. 807 Crosby Building Charlotte, N.C.......... . . . . 1707 Liberty Life Building Chicago 30....................... . ........... 6100 N. Pulaski Road Cincinnati 6.......................................2337 Victory Parkway Cleveland 14.. . . 1319 National City Bank Building Dallas 6........................................ 5738 Central Expressway Denver 3.............................. 220--655 Broadway Building Detroit 3...... .......................800 West Seven-Mile Road Houston 3............. .............................. 1209 Hutchins Street Indianapolis 8........................................ 54 West 30th Street Kansas City 14.. . ................. 514 West 75th Street Los Angeles 15.................................714 W. Olympic Blvd. Milwaukee 3.............................................. 744 N. 4th Street Minneapolis 23.................................2101 West 78th Street Newark (Bloomfield), N.J,..........400 Bloomfield Avenue New Orleans 13............................ 256 Lee Circle Building New York 13.............................................271 Church Street Philadelphia 2.........226 South Sixteenth Street Building Pittsburgh 19............................................718 Frick Building Rockford, III........................... ... .401 West State Street San Francisco 4................ 2350 Equitable Life Building St. Louis 3................................................1221 Locust Street Seattle 1................................................U01 Vance Building Tulsa 3...................................................... 222 Mayo Building Washington 1, D.C.. . .Washington Gas Light Building SUBSIDIARY Elliott Turbine 8c Electric Company of Canada, 1835 Yongr Street, Toronto 12, O* Western Sales Office.........837 West Hasting Vancouver, British Coh REPRESENTATIVES Montreal 2, Quc.............. . F. S. B. Hewurd & Co 620 Cathcart Toronto 12, Ont.. .............F. S. B. Heward &. Cc . 1835 Yongr Havana, Cuba............................ Compania Impo Skilton, S.A., P. O. B< Mexico, D.F............................... Tecnica y Equip Monterrey * San Juan, Porto Rico............................................. Warehouses Corp., P. O. B Santiago, Chile, S. A...................... . Compania > Commercial Sali Hochschild, S.A.* Uas Honolulu, T. H. . Hawaiian Equipment Comp: Manila, Philippines. . ............ Atkins, Kroll A 124 Myers Building, 12th Street, F Also representatives in otherforeign countri< Approved service shop* arul distributors atraiegically located throughout the United States. Print'