Document 3eZyaR3Q1aNE6M0DqY5X1LYYy

/ U Cl S- A R - C N = 0 0 9 0 "a R l E5 S h a i G h t J O'NEILL SERNARO D a TWOOD J A V i S M e s t .a s r o o k EO'SARD H MAHLA s. D - N C . M O O R E M *:O O N A uO OEM in G ~ v- O m A S K R O C m E j C - N OSNATO. JR, v \: _ _ AM j . J U N K E R M A N ' Au . v i A N Bl S S E L L LAS 3. S C w R iN G O N w. P A U L S E N ^ S DcORCHiS ' i. k. A M P K A 1 N . J R , 0 AN O P H W A T S O N R ' C i- a R D G A S H W O R T H EGa a r o l JOHNSON R iC - A R C 3. BARNETT M A w- P c E L N O v E R S a n -O R D 0 m i l l ER HAIG HT, G A R D N E R , POOR <& HAVENS SO BROAD STREET N E W Y O R K . N. Y. 1 0 0 0 4 T E L E P H O N E OIGBY < - 6 6 0 0 AREA C ODE 212 C A B LE M O TO R NEW YORK TELEX: 2 2 2 9 7 a Cctuber ^ 1)66 AIH MAIL <,/'T E- ZA5E"h SC y o . R G - E n n BAUER " - a n ; s v 3YRN 3 E G R G E J 3! E R N E : 3 ER ; v 5 r H. HOVVAO- T- f i s : s v- E L A S 'r - - : : o r e M Sv S 0 w 5 n = -- E N K, C A R R ; h A R . 5 s HAIGHT. JR EU 3 E N E C. B R U G G E R c r e : e r i c l . ATWOOD t h : a 5 r. M O L A N P H Y J O H N J. o u IGLEY, JR. vVAL' E R E . R U T H E R F O R D J O S E P H V. F L E M I N G O L - 5 M. W A L K E R . wR J C - N - H EARN PE" E= j ZAMBlTO PH _ = v M O Y L E S P O S E R " K MARZI. R O B E R T j. EGAN LtR ; 5 CORSA C A = = 0 __ E . O L ' B L C l o b e r t k. K e h o e, M.D. The K e t t e r i n g L ab o ra to ry Departa;ent of Preventive Medicine and In d u s tr ia l Health College of Medicine University of Cincinnati C i n c in n a ti, Ohio " CK.AUTROLL'' Our f i l e 1 0 2 -^769 Dear Dr. Kahoei a# have a problem re la tin g to the p o ssib le c o n t a m i n a t i o n o f f l o u r w i t h a l u m i n a , a s t o which we t h o u g h t t h a t you o r M r s . I . H. C a m p b e l l , Mr. C a ss o r Mr. Cholak m ig h t be a b l e to h e l p us i n view o f th e a r t i c l e '' Aiumi..un i n t h e e n v ir o n m e n t o f Man" fro m A.K.A. A r c h i v e s ' f I n d u s t r i a l H e a l t h which was i s s u e d in 1)57. 's Cur. problem i s t b i s s - 1 ^ 3 , 9 5 3 b a l e r s , c o n t a i n i n g 7 i bi+7,-}OG p o u n d s o f f l o u r were ship p ed on board a .Norwegian sh ip c a l l e d t h e SKAUTdOLL, a t Cew O r l e a n s and two o t h e r p o r t s i n t h e U . 3 . G u l f by C.-Vdi, I n c . ( C o o p e r a t i v e f o r A m e ric an H a l i e f v e r y v h e r e ) . This f l o u r was packed i n " b a l e r s , ' each b a l e r c o n t a i n i n g 5 packages o f f l o u r , and was to be d e liv e r e d a t Colombo, Ceylon, to be used by the Ceylonese Government in a lunch program fo r school children. A f t e r l o a d i n g t h e f l o u r , t h e SKATKCL1. c a l l e d at Po rt C squivel i n Jam aica and lo ad ed 2)53 long to n s N35515 2 - R o b e r t A. X eh o e, M.D. o f a lu m in a i n b a g s . T h is a lu m in a was stowed i n f o u r o f t h e f i v e h o l d s o f t h e SKAUTRGLL b u t n o n e was s t o w e d i n Ho. 3 T^e f l o u r was s t o w e d i n a l l f i v e h o l d s . I n J u l y o f 1>'62, t h e iSKAUTAQLL r e a c h e d Colombo a f t e r an u n e v e n t f u l voyage. The a lu m in a had been d i s charged a t a p r io r p o rt about th ree days' s a i l from Colombo. When d i s c h a r g i n g o n e o f t h e h o l d s a t Colombo, a w h i t i s h powder c o n s i s t i n g o f a l u m i n a c o v e r i n g some o f th e b a l e r s was n o t i c e d . The f l o u r was p a ck e d i n 1 0 - l b . , ^ - p i y p a p e r b a g s , f i v e bags i n each b a l e r which was made o f b u r l a p . The C eylonese Government claim ed to be alarm ed because of the p o s s ib ility th at the alumina had gotten i n t o t h e f l o u r b a g s an d p o i s o n e d th em , 30 t h a t t h e c h ild re n would be in ju re d . U ltim a te ly the Ceylonese Government refu sed to allow any of the flo u r to be used f o r human co n su m p tio n , and i t was a c c o r d i n g l y so ld f o r anim al f o d d e r a t a p r i c e much below t h a t a t which o r din ary f lo u r would have been so ld . An a n a l y s i s o f s a m p l e s o f t h e f l o u r was made by th e Ceylon I n s t i t u t e f o r S c i e n t i f i c * I n d u s t r i a l Res e a r c h . The r e s u l t o f t h i s a n a l y s i s was as f o l l o w s ! - Ash C o n t e n t A. F l o u r sa m p le 1 Flour sample 2 Flour sample 3 Flour sample h 2 F l o u r s a m p le H1+ 0 . ^ 6 2n c.506" CA30^ C.57V- Aluminium C ontent (a s Al) 70 p a r t s p e r m i l l i o n 252 p . p . m . 221* p . p . m . 96 p . p . m . 287 p.p.m You w i l l n o t e t h a t i n s a m p le Ho. 1 t h e aluminum c o n t e n t was o n ly 70 p a r t s p e r m i l l i o n , w hereas i n f l o u r sample t h e a n a l y s i s showed 287 p a r t s p e r m i l l i o n . Ce do n o t know w h at m e th o d o f a n a l y s i s was u s e d , and we u n d e r s ta n d t h a t i f one o f the o l d e r methods was used th e aluminum content might run to an abnormally high fig u re. X& a 01123  3- Robert A. Xehoe, M.D. F l o u r s a m p le No. 1 came from t h e h o l d i n which no alumina had been stowed, whereas f lo u r sample Hi+ came f ro m a h o l d I n w h ich a l u m i n a h a d b e e n s to w e d a b o v e t h e f l o u r . F l o u r sa m p le H2 shows o n l y )6 c a r t s p e r m i l l i o n and t h i s sample a l s o came from a h o ld i n which alumina had been stowed over the flo u r. The a n a l y s i s a ls o show3 the ash c o n te n t, but we do n o t know i f t h i s h a s any s i g n i f i c a n o e . T h i s a n a l y s i s was s u b m i t t e d to Dr. 0 . . S ib ile of the U niversity of Ceylon, Department of Phar m a c o lo g y , and i n a l e t t e r d a t e d S e p t e m b e r 13 ? 1 >'-2, he e s t i m a t e d t h a t s a m p l e II1*, w i t h t h e h i g h e s t c o n t e n t , would c o n t a i n 15 mg. alum inium t r i o x i d e p e r ounce o f f l o u r . He f u r t h e r assumed t h a t i f t h e amount consumed d a i l y in th e form o f buns or bread by each person i s 2 t o k o u n c e s ? t h e a m o u n t o f a l u m i n i 'im t r i o x i d e consumed i n t h i s a m ount o f f l o u r would be }>C t o oG mg. a d a y . In the same l e t t e r he p o in te d o u t t h a t a lu n iaiu m t r i oxide i s used as an a n ta c id in the treatm en t of p e p tic u l c e r s and t h a t an adulty-witlr^ an a c u te p e p tic u l c e r would r e c e i v e , I n i t i a l l y , up t o 3C00 mg. d a i l y . He f u r t h e r s t a t e d t h a t I f hCGO/mg. were a d m i n i s t e r e d d a i l y for prolonged periods phosphate absorption might r e s u lt, in te rfe rin g with bone form ation. ! Our c l i e n t s , t h e o w n ers o f t h e 3X.AVTRGLL, a r e b e i n g s u e d f o r -3 3 2, OCC, which i s cne l o s s s u s t a i n e d b e c a u se t h e f l o u r was s o l d as a n im al f o d d e r .? In view of the a r t i c l e r e f e r r e d to in the . r e c e d i n g p a r t o f t h i s l e t t e r , we t h o u g h t t h a t you o r one of those engaged in m e p re p a ra tio n o f the a r t i c l e might be able to give us valuable advice as to t h is c l a i m . I t i s i m p o s s i b l e f o r u s t o s e e how any s i g n i f i c a n t amount o f a l u m i n a c o u l d p e n e t r a t e t h e k--p l y b a g s i n which t h e f l o u r was c o n t a i n e d ; a l s o , we do n o t b e li e v e t h a t f l o u r c o n ta in in g 237 p a r t s per m i l l i o n would be h a r m f u l . -.-e u n d e r s t a n d from t h e a r t i c l e a b o v e men t i o n e d t h a t a lu m in a would be p r e s e n t to some e x t e n t i n f l o u r e v e n i f t h e r e h a d b e e n no c o n t a m i n a t i o n , b u t we do not have any a u t h o r i t a t i v e a n a l y s i s of the f l o u r prior to the shipment. 0 112 4 -H-- Hobart A. Kehoe, P. Til a s p e c i f i c q u e s t i o n vh i eh we would l i k e to have answered is whether wheat flo u r containing 257 p a r t s p e r rail l i o n o f aluminum i s so d a n g e r o u s to h e a l t h as to be u n f i t f o r human consum ption, i n c l u d i n g consum ption by c h i l d r e n . I f you can recommend anyone, in c lu d in g y o u r s e l f , o f c o u r s e , who c o u l d g i v e -os a u t h o r i t a t i v e a d v i c e on t h i s s u b j e c t , we s h o u l d be much o b l i g e d . he s h o u l d , of c o u rse, expect to compensate whoever would he w illin g and a b l e to d e v o te some time to th e s u b j e c t . 1P : HG Yo urs v e r y t r u l y , HAIGHT, GAHDhdB, POOH 0 HAVuoS By >hart o n Poor ) / rK\j 11 1 2 5'