Document 3eBQbp5GNrZLx6BqeL21eEJd3

I v.w.a-'; mM.t. . oitiM-"/. d." m st-m : hi. i rV.O/t.'n0 .w.r.-,. T C>----i. lii. j 0* 13 Tj. ' l __!. j ' C- . * * r\ lu \) il l.'u '<yrf * ,.i U' < x :. pj ' ! j, ' , < ^ Id ` v.* . ,fc L . J .V V 4' ^ tAdi-db 1:. .ni,,vMd ' -rv-dMrrihYmtlia ;li,, .1 .area by 3 V P. .-j ijj_". ,".3 (Consultant) /\ V `* BJj^lo^cnl^rb, gioGho^lcr] nraccts Methanol is only slowly eliv.ir.ated after ingestion or inhslacion. in the rot excretion is rrinlj by the lungs os CC^ (65;.) nr.d unchsr.gv: mtnarol (lyi;. In tin urine appears 3i unchanged r.sthmol''nrd 3,.- rir.nta (hurtleut, 1950). jr. the rabbit iO>.,?C,o is excreted arch'-nged in the urine or.d in the dog 15;.: r.eihmcl is excnoted in the lurgs, 10b in the'urir.c as rrelh >noL and 20,j sc uv!:.?ry formate (/olt:-: and uietrich, 1312). Yhe rabbit i'or.:,& me Lnylgluerronids (Kai.dl ct si., 1953). ban excretes methanol and 'orsstc in the urine alter oral dosing, the urinary foir.ete reachc,; & neab 2-3 r'wys after ingestion (..illinrs, lv59). Other urinary metabolites are choline and ucetby1 :;iy euronide ("iro-rninr, lvCc). the re is orgur.cnt whether ether.ol, river, simu.lt-noously with noth mol, iecra.-.oos the latter1 s toxicity by depressing the oxidation ox' methanol and causing increased excretion of unchanged methanol. But in rice ethanol increases the toxicity of methanol (Browning, 1965). * Methanol is rapidly distributed to all tissues and body water (Yant and Schrsnk, 1937). Methanol is probably oxidised by catalase and hydroren peroxide met ny formaldehyde is converted to methylfornate by alcohol dehydrogenase of tit a li'-er and this slowly hydrolyses (Kendal and Mar. tartran, 1952). As the oxidative processes in the cells are poisoned, organic acids accumulate with extreme acidosis (ratty, 1953). The i?euo of thij uccuiriunt defs not ccn-.'il'Jto formal pu;./!lsri!on. It rronlS not fc" rovi. dbr.tracts'd cr out.tod '.vU'icut the ea-ronant ,,f the World Go'cm/xtrom Anthord r.looo tire tvmoe.'v-Vt; for vk.;.-c exp.-j-nad In tt'r-.od ertitioo. C& dccunvor.t no corv-tituo pcs uno p-'biiCruion. II r.'j dolt fame I'objo; ciV-ic.;n ccmptt rendu ou rw" jitY; ni tilucuno ait0t or, ir.ns i'tsitnr.on Us rO.'Ctv.i . 'lion li'cnjir.l.i d U Sai'.tc. Los op. 'ions expritr.'.' '.I.a5 I os articles caint^c n'u.rrjr.cn.it QiI.ruic r.t,'! ASI 00004250 \ , .nine! r,:^; r: rat cat retbit monkey Acuta intrngnst.ic inhulat; or inhu"',uli':n or/1 i. v. irhnl:' lira intraf.rjt:- ' r. i. v. inhale4ion LlhD 3 0,.- 12 L ?v; coo 3.71 - 12.lt a/..;. * 5.3 mt/'/g 6p 709 ppm 15 hr; f/hi f-rf * *- 7 1 oto rt u Ifrp u-g/Ag . - -- If 9 at -- 1/.2C3 hefe rc-uvr hrem , l'K:S l.'.-i'/ L'jt.i.'V 4* van b heidc, C .' *v^ '.hi, Iffj 1 h . .n A i.rrmh A fck'." biractor, 196r i-.etord A Cor, The :-.rv hr effect:-, are i rritatJon of nubor;, nr norms:?. cTeprarcicc rad drowsinos si": lowed by nc.ruh from la.apir.atory pc n 1 yrlr. f' r rareotic offoot of mcthylaleohml is venhor th;.n ctby'Lrj cchcl but the toxic ei-\.c!. of accumulated dose:.' is m/eater ijeenu:;c- of clow elL.ilnution. 39-59229 rpri e:cposure for 30 to 60 minutes nay be dcr-'rous to '.on (Fatty, 1953). Acute poisoning in nan is followed often by blindness, Symptoms 00cur niter a latent period with dizziness, stupour, G.I. disturbances (food and BuLlor, 1704; Bi-owing. 1965). 5-10 mg c.ro conoidered tonic bui, many individuals tolerate rove (Led. nn and Flury, 194,3)- Ingestion cf 60-90 g has been renorled as env :v :; death in jnan ^(AIM.) but other reports quote loss than 1 g/::g (dillians, iv;b;). Poisoning blinincao has also occurred nicer inhalation. But many renortc eri-st of on;; exposure vdtheut symptoms (deeming. 1965). Oho 4A0 value is 200 par. (Fatly, 1950). Apparent penetration cf the shin can occur in-mori/eys, dogs and man (Pat by, 1950). Shout-te-mq studios Sai . Groups of 10 rats received 2.5'5 r.ethano] with or without p.,9'h "alt or sodium formate for 2],0-225 days. 3 rats from each group were given C'1": labelled methanol on J!;e 120-150ih day. Body '.'eights were comparable with controls, iicacurouents of *C0,^ showed no difference irt ooeLetriion rate between methanol and ethanol. All methanol-treated rats showed greater o?:ygen uptahe of liver slices and increased catalase activity but no change in alcohol dehydrogenase activity (Uerfcburg & Roethlisberger, 1961). Social studios Repeated inhalations in animals cause small haemorrhages in the gastric mucosa, oedema and retinal ganglionar degeneration, blindness, increased haemopoiesis, oedema and necrosis of cardiac muscle, parenchymatous degeneration v:ith focal necrosis in the liver and kidney, pulmonary infloliaticn, oedema and patchy neuronal degeneration (Browning, 1965). Bogs were enposoi for 379 days to 5C0 ppm methylalcohol for 6 hours per day without any dll effects on weight, vision, haematology or histcputhelogy (A ayera et al., 19/(2). ASX 00004251 FAo/f;,/to.i3 (.-) pate 3 Skin elrvrptron -i,r, -Muted cn 9 r r.nij.'.alR died within a few d'y:, "dv;:. t alcohol coni'; V.e rocov-. .a tr:c; nl * o-- About 0.5 ' i'orly yuight aprli-.--'! :'r. mu sing Od-.v: . AM i V. Ovd, iv;a; a. 12 "ebbits ' nor.keys. All the leant f so.? oi.il; Le. Methyl-- a:; and up tic afro My was new MM tv or per day is fua lowest dose Inman oc.co:.:: ccniwnetivilis, headache, giddi ness, 0,1. disturbances ;.nd failure of viewer, flu- opvie nerve ir! rctj.ua. shew orders end dogcnc vtion secondary to .scdaioliton, for. M-kyia or forvic acid (fink, 19/j;. n---o--d"r'a,o'7.u. 7c...m......' -.-.-.-w- ---i--o-o~G onrciiiMi ear shin and cause eye lesions. Individu- 1 susucpnicil.'.*./ ad pre-existing nervous di.acose nredisnose to tccei a eff^c's of indvno] 1 Rcpm Lr-,< eMMi hour to 3000~xom would lead to an ir.crer.rin~ concentration of methancl in the human coiv (AIKAV ?.cf - A.I.K.A. Hygienic, Guir'e Serins, 1 Mi! y7ls.i e-hol. Bnchem, C. (lyx?), A: -J>. )/::'i. is the!. Pliurmvkol,, 129. 69 Bartlett, G.R. (1950) Aver. J. Physiol., !/;?, 614 Browning, E. (1345) 'Tenacity and laMsboiivii of industrial Solvents, Elsevier, Amsterdam. Fink-, W.I-I. (1943) Avor. J, CtMihaiv., 24, C02 Kamil, I.A., Msith, J.iM and killier,:.. R.T. (1953) Biochem. J., 22, 129, 137 and 5/.;, 390 o Kendal, L.P. ana Ram.anathan, A.N. (1952)' Biochen, J., tiZt 430 Lehmann, K.L. end Flury, F. (1943) Toxicology and Hygiene of Industrial S o1v erv15. V. aliieons Levy, A. and van dor Hoidc (1914). Bicchen. 4., 65, 230 Macht, D.I. (1920) J. Pharmacol., 16, 1 McCord, C.P. (.I.93I) Ind. Eng. Ch&m., 23;, 931 McCord, C.P. and Cox, H. (1931), Inn. Eng. Chen., ,23., 931 ISunch, J.G. and Schwarts e, E.W. (1925) 4. La'o, Clir., Med., 10, 985 Fatty, F.A. (1953) Industrial Hygiene and Toxicological, 2nd. ed., Interscience, *H.York Sayers, R.R., Ymt, W.P., Schrenk, K.H., Chernyak, J., Pearce, S.J., Patty, F.A and Linn, J.G. (1942) U.3. Bur. Mines Kept, Invest. Ho.3617 Erector, W.3. (1962) Handbook of Toxicology Volta, W. and Dietrich, VJ. (1912) Biochen. Z., /n, 15 Wartburg, J.-P. von and Rocthlisberger, M. (1961) Helv. physiol. Acta. 12., 30 Weeoe, H. (1923) Arch. Exptl. P&thol. Pbamakcl., 112, 113 Williams, R.T. (1959), Detoxication Mechanises, Chapsian and Kail, London Wood, C.A. and Fuller, F. (1904), J.A.M.A., 42, 972 Vent, W.P. and Schrenk, H.H. (1937), J. Ind. Hyg. Toxicol., 12, 337 ASI 00004252