Document 3NkzEZ3qbbg1RXr15YjZNKEL6

0007-SWP-00000 2305 N 4453 FOREWORD Few salesmen employed by industrial oompanies bundle aa widely diversified a line of products as do tbe Pigment, Chemical, and Color Division representatives of The Sherwin-Williams Company. The latter are expected to be walking encyclopedias of information about such fundamentally different materials aa complex aso pigments, tin cans, and castor oil. When they step into the door of a customer, they cannot be sure whether to anticipate a.question on the relative bleeding of inorganic and organic yellows, or the relative hiding power of lithopone and titanium dioxide. This manual is an attempt to help the PC&C salesmen do abetter job by serving as a reference to which they can turn when in doubt about a product, a use, a property, or a competitive material. During its preparation there has been only one thought in mind to present the most information in the briefest possible form and in the way that is the easiest to get at the information and use it when it is needed. This reference book is far from perfect - partly because it is a first attempt, and partly because it was written without direct, first hand information as to the requirements of each and every PC&C representative. However, if it helps - even in a small .way to enable the salesmen to do a better job, the many -technical' men who have.contributed to it will feel well repaid. t ) * H. F. SCHWARZ PC&C SALES SERVICE LAB. July 11, 1949. OC07-SWP-000002306 ' . & A, p (PCtc> &*****>t 'ft4*!/ ty) ` &> cc< f<b 6~ rwn 6-FF fH "2. .? we!j ' CLS /<$ . />oLr /^7 uUz4^ `^^\ - jZsjCt*, f- ''v , r._ .^^Jr t? nm (l.- /'.' / ' Cfjffr-fri y c> ?'. r '. ' / -1 0007-SHP-000002307 5u CONTENTS I. II. III. IV. V. VI. VII. VIII. IX. X. XI. XII. PRODUCTS FOR TOE PAINT INDUSTRY A. Color Pigment* B. Flushed Color* C. White Pigments D. Miscellaneous Pigments ' E. Varnishes and Resins F. Cans PRODUCTS FOR TOE PRINTING INK INDUSTRY A. Color Pigments B. Flushed Colors C. White Pigments D. Varnishes and Resins PRODUCTS FOR TOE CHEMICAL AND DYE INDUSTRY A. Chemicals and Intermediates PRODUCTS FOR TOE TEXTILE INDUSTRY A. Chemicals and Intermediates B. Sherdye PRODUCTS FOR PIOWENT AND COLOR MANUFACTURERS A. Color Pulps B. White Pigments C. Varnishes and Resins D. Chemicals and Intermediates PRODUCTS FOR THE FLOOR COVERING INDUSTRY A. Color Pigments B. White Pigments PRODUCTS FOR THE RUBBER AND PLASTICS INDUSTRIES A. Color Pigments B. White Pigments C. Miscc aneous Chemicals PRODUCTS FOR TOE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY A. Chemicals and Intermediates PRODUCTS FOR TOE WALLPAPER INDUSTRY A. Color Pigments B. White Pigments PRODUCTS FOR THE PAPER MANUFACTURERS AND COATERS A. Color Pigments B. White Pigments PRODUCTS FOR MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIES A. Color Pigments B. White Pigments C. Varnishes and Reains D. Chemicals and Intermediates TABLES A. PROPERTIES OF COLOR PIGMENTS B. COMPETITIVE COLOR PIGMENTS C. PAINT INDUSTRY USES FOR COLOR PIGMENTS D. CHARACTERISTICS OF DYAL VEHICLES E. COMPATIBILITY OF DYAL VEHICLES F. PAINT INDUSTRY USES FOR DYAL VEHICLES G. BEST DYAL VEHICLES FOR PAINT INDUSTRY USES PAGES 1*19 20 21*24 25 26*27 28 29*45 46 46 47*49 50 51 51 52 52 52 53 54 55 56*57 58 58 59 60 60 61 61 62 63 63 64 6 5-67 68-70 71 72 73 74.75 76 0007-SVP-000002308 I. PRODUCTS FOR THE PAINT INDUSTRY A. COLOR PIGMENTS YELLOWS AND ORANGES I. CHROME YELLOWS AND ORANGES: Chrome Yellows and Chrome Oranges are lead salts, generally lead chromate or combinations of lead chromate and lead sulfate in varying proportions. In many cases they contain small amounts of other insoluble lead salts which are incor porated to increase cleanline.6, light fastness, or tinting strength.- These pigments range in shade from a light primroae to a deep orange. The lighter shades are lead sul fo chromates, containing co-precipitated lead sulfate; the medium shades are normal lead chromate, while the oranges are basic lead chromates. The strength and light fastness of Chrome Yellows increases with increased redness of shade. Chrome Oranges decrease in strength with increase in redness of shade. Resistance to light of primrose Chrome Yellows is fair, resistance to heat and acid good, while resistance to alkali is fair. On light ye'Ffiews'and medium yellows resistance to light, heat, and acid is good, alkali fair. Resistance of the Oranges to light and heat is excellent, to acid poor, to alkali good. All are non-bleeding in varnish, water, paraffin, coal tar thinners, and alcohol. Chrome Yellows and Oranges bake satisfactorily for 1'4 hrs. at 320F. , except for the primrose shade which will stand 230 F. for 4 hrs. Principal Standards CP PRIMROSE YELLOW Special Standards 12074; Lightest and cleanest shade Chrome Yellow. CP CHROME YELLOW LIGHT (LEMON YELLOW) 12307; Standard lemon yellow shade. Lower tinting strength than 12147. D- 2652: Considerably redder than 12074. Slightly lighter and weaker than 12147. 12147: Best lemon yellow standard. 12121; Considerably deeper than 12147 and lighter than 12096- - D- 2645: Dirtier than regular lemon yellow standards. Much better light fastness in both full shade and pastels than regular chrome yellow. Recommended for water and emulsion paints. 1 0007-SWp-000002309 PAINT INDUSTRY - COLORS - YELLOWS AND ORANGES 4-1<; CP CHROME YELLOW MEDIUM o 12096: Lightest medium yellow. Better perasnence then 12310. Does not aeet Fed. Spec. TT-C-290. 12135: Shsde dirtier then 12150. Strength 15% better than 12150. Recommended for tinting. 12310: Trifle deeper than 12096. Lower Dirtier than regular aedium 7CUDV. tinting strength than 12150. Much better light fastness in both Meets Fed. Spec. TT-C-290. full shade and tints than regular chroae yellow. Recoaaended for 12150 Slightly deeper, stronger, and water and eaulaion paints. better peraanence than 12310. Low reactivity in high acid value vehicles. Meets Fed. Spec. TT-C-290. 12152: Get^aaaaagf b.r.ig.hter in shsd,e /'r*-rf/` ' , _ . y mrre then 12150. * //aprercr . CP CHROME ORANGE 12311: CP Chrome Orsnge Light - Standsrd light orsnge shade. 12082: CP Chroae Orange Medium Somewhat deeper than 12311. 12084: CP Chroae Orange Dark Considerably deeper than 12062. 12093: CP Chroae Orange Extra Dark Meets * International Orange* shade for oil and oleoresinous vehicles. Slightly deeper than 12084. 12097: CP Chroae Orange Extra Dark - Meets international Orange" shade for lacquers and synthetics. 12051: Aaerican Vermilion - Considerably deeper than 12093. Low tinting strength. Shade unstable to prolonged Billing. 2. MOLYBDATE 0RAN6ES Molybdate Oranges are aixed crystal pigaents consisting essentially of lead chromate and lead sulfate, similar in composition to a light shade chroae yellow, but contain ing 5 to 10% of lead molybdate. The purpose of the lead aolybdate is to effect a re-crystallisation,"resulting in a change of shade from light yellow to bright reddish-orange. Molybdate Oranges are the brightest orange pigments; not even the organic oranges being as bright. Molybdate Oranges have fair resistance to light and alkali, and good resistance to heat and acid. They are non-bleeding in varnish, water, paraffin, coal tar thinner, and alcohol. They bake satisfactorily at 32 0F. for 1% hr. Molybdate Oranges are characterised by brilliance of tone, high tinting strength (4.5 times, higher than chrome orange), and excellent covering power (2.4 times higher than chroae orange). They have excellent film durability, but, except for D-2834, they darken appreciably on outdoor exposure. 2 0007-SVP-000002 310 MIWT INDUSTRY - COLORS - YELLOWS AMD OMH6ES Molybdate Oranges are frequently blended with organic toners such.as Graphic Reds, Rubanox Reds, and Solfast Reds, using up to 60% Molybdate Orange. Coabinatiooa of this type produce good hiding, lo* cost red enamels which bake well and retain their brilliance during baking better than lithol red used straight. 12095: Molybdate Orange Light - Standard light shade. High tinting strength. 12145= Molybdate Orange Dark * Best standard for blending with organic red toners. Low tinting strength. Considerably weaker and bluer in tint than 12095. '-JJ-2834: Molybdate Orange Dark Considerably dirtier in shade, but wary ouch better light fastness than 12145., Recontended for low cost, fast to light enanels for outside exposure, A.? if *-*- 3. ZIMC YELLOW: Zinc Yellow is a complex addition product of potasaium dichromate and zinc oxide, corresponding to the empirical formula 4Zn0.4Cr03.K20.3H20. Because it combines most of the factors essential to prevent corrosion, Zinc Yellow is widely used as a rust inhibitor in metal primers for steel, aluminum alloys, and magnesium alloys. Although this pigment is only slightly soluble, it is sufficiently so to yield an adequate concentration of inhibiting ions to metal surfaces, thus retarding corrosion. Zinc Yellow is greener and dirtier than primrose chrome yellow. It possesses extremely good light resistance, does not darken, and is not affected by sulphide fumes. It bleeds badly in water and has low tinting strength and opacity. Resistance to heat, alkali, and acid is poor. It bakes satisfactorily for 5 hrs. at 165F. Zinc Yellow is an economical pigment which is particularly well adapted to the formulation of metal primers. Trim paints with excellent light fastness may like* wise be formulated by blending Zinc Yellow with Iron Blue or Phthalocyanine Blue. 12054: Zinc Yellow - Regular Zinc Yellow Standard. Does not meet Federal Spec. TT-Z-41 5-Type I. Meets Federal Spec. TT-Z-415-Type II. 4. PERMANSA YELLOWS (HANSA YELLOWS): Permansa Yellows are organic toners produced from nitro aromatic amines and aceto acetic arylides. They have extremely high tinctorial strength and excellent light fastness when used in high concentration. They poaaesa good resistance to alkali and are widely used where this property is desired. They also replace chrome* yellows in many formulations in which the presence of lead cannot be tolerated. Resistance to light of the 10G type is excellent, alkali and acid good, and heat fair. For theGand M type, resistance to light and heat is excellent, alkali and acid good. All are non-bleeding in varnish, water, and coal tar thinnera but bleed slightly in alcohol and paraffin. Permansa Yellows bronze when baked at temperatures over 180F. Permansa Yellows are recommended for water and emulsion paints because of their good alkali resistance. 3 0007-ShP-000002311 PAINT INDUSTRY - COLORS - YELLOWS AMD ORANGES Principal Standard* Special Standard* 12105: ?w 12101: Peraanaa Yellow 10G - Standard Hanaa 10G ahade. Conaiderably lighter than G ahade. Correa* ponds to ^primrose chrome yellow*. * (Cl) Peraanaa Yellow G - Standard Hanaa G shade for paint uae. Three tines as strong as chrome yellow light.;*'-'* ' *'/ D-2648 12111: Peraanaa Yellow 3G. Not to be recoaaended when G ahade is available because light fastness is not as good. Masstone somewhat lighter and not as clean as 12101. Lime-Faat Yellow - Reduced (ION) Peraanaa Yellow G on China Clay. .Recoaaend for water and emulsion paints. 12112: Peraanaa Yellow M - Consider ably redder than 12101 or 12107. Shade coaparable to medium chrome yellow. Good strength. 5. BENZIDINE YELLOWS: A7 Benzidine Yellows are organic toners made from 3.3' dichlor benzidine and aceto acetic arylides. Compared toPeraansa Yellows, regularBenzhdine Yellows have higher tinting strength, but leas permanence. For paints and enamels the light fast types listed below are recommended. Resistance to heat is excellent, alkali and acid good, and light fair to poor. -They are non-bleeding in varnish, water, and coal tar thinner. The baking is satisfactory for IK hours at 320F. D-2840: Bemidine Yellow Light fast type. Very transparent. Shade similar to 12190, 12191, and 12192. D-2841: Benxidine Yellow - Light fast type. Very opaque. Medium shade, like Medium Chrome Yellow. Strength equal to 12191. 12192: Benzidine Yellow -Substitute forTartrazine Lake in tin decorating varnishes. Better money value and considerably greater resistance to light. 6. PERMANSA ORANGE (DINITRANILINE ORANGE): Permansa Orange is made by coupling 2:4 dinitrani1ine with beta naphthol. It possesses excellent light fastness in both full shade and tints, and is non-bleeding in water and paint and synthetic vehicles, but bleeds slightly in lacquer. Baking is satisfactory for 4 hr*, at 230F. 10369: Permansa Orange - Regular Dinitraniline Orange. Used for shading Permansa Yellow to deeper tones for all types of enamels. 7. PERMANENT ORANGE (0RTH0HITRAMILINE ORANGE): Permanent Orange is made by coupling ortho-nitraniline with beta naphthol. This organic orange possesses excellent peraanence to light in full ahade and fair in tints. It has good opacity, but bleeds slightly in water, oil, and coal tar. thinners. Bleeding properties are similar to those of the Para Toners. Baking is satisfactory for 4 hr*, at 230F. 4 0007-SHP-00000 2312 PAINT INDUSTRY - COLORS - YELLOW AND ORANGES 10330: Pernanent Orange Toner - Regular Ortho-Nitraniline Orange atandard. 10376: Permanent Orange Toner - The beat atandard. Trifle lighter, cleaner, and atronger than 10 3 30. .8. BENZIDINE ORANGE: 9 SOLFAST ORANGE: Neither are uaed by the paint induatry. 5 -0000023T3 0007'SP PAIWT tWDUSTRr - COLORS REPS AMD MAROONS 6RAPHIC REDS AND WI TONE REPS (LITHOL REPS): Graphic Beds are produced by diexotising tobiaa acid (2-nephthylamine-1-aullonic acid), coupling with beta-naphthol, and forming the sodium, barium, calcium, and atrontium salts. Because they are metal salts, these pigments are more resistant to common organic solvents and water than the pigment dyestuffs. Graphic Reds range in shade from light yellow shade reds (sodium salts) through medium reds (barium salts) to dark reds and maroons (calcium salts). Reainated Graphic Reds are produced by incorporating metallic reainates in the proper amount and under the proper conditiona. The use of the resinate intensifies the masstone of the pigments, produces a cleaner tint, and rather than decreasing strength actually enhances it. All resinated lithoi reds are more transparent than the corres ponding non-resinated pigments. Resinated Graphic Reds are ki'-vn by the name "britone Red" or *Illini" Red". Graphic Reds are clean in both full shades and tints, and have good strength and opacity in paint systems. They are not aufficiently durable lot use in work requiring exterior exposure. They are the moat economical organic reds available, and are widely used in toy enamels, dipping enamels, and general industrial applications where good durability is not needed. Graphic Reds have fair light resistance in full shades anti pocr in tints. 'Ihev have fair resistance to heat and good resistance to acid and alkali. They arc non bleeding in water and oil, and will not bleed from a lacquer or synthetic enu-ntl into a white overstripe. SODIUM GRAPHIC REDS - REGULAR TYPE ` //cfc. CP 27 2: Graphic Red Y - Standard sodium Graphic Red type. Sold as CP in rubber. for use BARIUM GRAPHIC REDS - REGULAR TYPE CP 233: Graphic Red M - A medium red having a clean undertone end fair strength. CP 918: Graphic Red M - Very light masstone. Considerably lighter and cleaner than CP 233 and about 10* stronger. (^CALCIUM GRAPHIC REDS - REGULAR TYPE CP 234: Graphic Red R - Normal calcium Graphic Red. Good strength. CP 584: Graphic Red R - Slightly lighter and considerably brighter masstone and cleaner undertone than CP 234. S to 8% stronger than CP 234- CP 837: Graphic Red R RG - Moderately darker and about 20* stronger than CP 564. Very easy grinding. 6 0007-SUP-000002314 FAINT INDUSTRY - COLORS - REDS AND MAROONS CALCIUM GRAPHIC REDS - RESINATED TYPE CP 608: britone Red R - Considerably darker masstone and slightly stronger than CP 234. CP 565: britone Red ]' RG - Slightly darker and brighter masstone, slightly yellower and brighter tint than CP 306. Trifler atronger than CP 808< 2. BRITONE MAROONS (UTHOL MAROONS): Britone Maroons are similar in composition to the Calcium Graphic Reda, being a darker shade of this type color. They have properties aiailar to the Graphic Reds, and in general are used in the saae way. CP 377: Britone Maroon - Typical Lithol Maroon. Fairly deep aasstone, blue undertone and tint. Fairly good covering. CP 836: Britone Maroon RG - Considerably darker and brighter aaaatone and 40% stronger than CP 377. C' ' 3. LAKE RED C: Not widely used by paint industry. 4. RUBANOX REDS (UTHOL RUBINES): Rubanox Reds are calcium salts of the axo pigaent 4-amino toluene-3-sulionic acid coupled with beta-oxy naphthoic acid. Rubanox Reds.are bright blue shade reds, brilliant in aasstone, clean and strong in tint. They are aade in two principal foras: A medium shade having high bronze and a darker (resinated) shade which is considerably brighter and has low bronze. Rubanox Reds have good resistance to light in full shade and tints. They are non bleeding in oil, water, alcohol, paraffin, and will not bleed through enamels or lacquers. Resistance to acid and alkali is good. Baking is satisfactory for 4 hrs. at 320F. Rubanox Reds have the unusual property of blending with light reds without the dulling of shade usually associated with such blends, fthen Rubanox Reda are blended with Molybdate Orange, a non-bleeding substitute for Toluidine Red is produced. This blend is used considerably in baking enamels. Rubanox Reds are also used straight in enamels. CP 543: Rubanox Red - Non-resinated type. Typical mediusi red Rubanox. Consider ably lighter masstone, appreciable bluer undertone, and 10% stronger than CP 368- More opaque than CP 368 < CP 762: Rubanox Red Resinated type. Slightly lighter and about 8% stronger than CP 368. CP 368: Rubanox Red - Resinated type. Typical dark shade Rubanox Red. Deep, brilliant masstone. Clean blue undertone in tint. Good strength. 7 0007-SMP-000002315 PAINT INDUSTRY - COLORS - REDS AND MAROONS 5. SOLFAST REDS: Solfast Red* are precipitated a to pigments derived from beta oxy naphthoic acid. They are produced in two typei: the light shade, having a yellow undertone; and the dark shade, having a blue undertone. Both types have high tinting strength and properties similar to thoae of the Rubanox Reds, with the exception that they have better resistance to bleeding and a softer texture. The light shade does not bleed in grease snd bacon fat. The Solfast Reds have good resistance to light in full ahade, fair in tints. Ihey do not bleed in oil, water, alcohol, paraffin, and do not bleed through enamel or lacquer. Their resistance to acid and alkali is good, baking is satisfactory for A hrs. at 320F. For use in enamels, the outstanding char act eri sti cs of the Solfast Reds are their resistance to baking and freedom from bleeding in paint vehicles and solvents. LIGHT SHADE - YELLOW UNDERTONE CP 663: Solfast Red Corresponds to "Watchung" Red. Oustanding in resistance to bleeding. Best resistance to grease and bacon fat. CP 967: Solfast Red - Considerably darker in masstone, but same shade in tint as CP 663- Same strength as CP 663. Better resistance to bleeding than all other Solfast Reds except CP 663- DARK SHADE - BLUE UNDERTONE CP 787: Solfast Red - Standard dark shade Solfast Red. Shade similar to Rulanox Reds. CP 1028= Solfast Red - Slightly darker, 15% stronger, and better light fastness than CP 7 87. 6. PIGMENT RUBIHES: Pigment Rubines are precipitated aso pigments derived from beta oxy naphthoic acid. They are made in two types - the strontium salt, which is a light, yellow shade red; and the calcium salt, which is a medium red, bluer and deeper than the strontium salt. The light Pigment Rubine has good resistance to light in full shade and fair in tints. The medium shade Pigment Rubine haa very good resistance to light in full shade and good in tints. Both types have fair resistance to alkali and acid and do not bleed in oil, water, alcohol, paraffin, nor through enamels and lacquers.Baking is satisfactory for A hrs. at 320F. CP 1030: Pigment Rubine Y - Light, yellow shade. CP 1031: Pigment Rubine B Medium shade. 8 0007-SUP 000002316 PAINT INDUSTRY - COLORS - RED AND MAROONS 7. PARA REDS: These colors are axo pigments produced by coupling p a r anitran'il ine with beta naphtbol. Two distinct types, light and dark, are made. The light shade is the straight coupling, while the dark ia made by replacing approximately 10% of the beta naphthol with mono acid. Para Beds have relatively bright aautoaea, but the reduced shades and tints are much yellower and not as clean es the Graphic Reda. They have better permanence then Graphic Reds. Resistance to light is good ia full shades, but only fair in tinta. They bleed in varnish, water, paraffin, alcohol, and coal tar thinners. Resistance to alkali and acids is good. Maximum baking temperature without bronsing ia 180F. Para Reds have excellent covering end are economical pigments where a moderate degree of durability is sufficient and freedom from bleed is not required. They are widely used for indistrisl enamels, implement enamels, and store front enamels. 10 355: Para Red Light - Considerably lighter in shade and stronger than 10333. 10333: Para Bed Light - Standard light Para for paint and enamel uses. Deeper in shade and weaker than 10 33 5. 10109: Para Red Dark Dark maastone, blue undertone. Standard dark Para for paint and enamel. Low tinting strength. Maximum opacity. Very easy grinding. fl. TOLUIDINE REDS: loluidine Reda are axo pigments made by coupling meta nitro para teluidine with beta naphthol. They are made in a wide range of shades. They have excellent brightness, good covering power, and outstanding durability, especially in full shade. Light resistance of the Toluidine Reds ia excellent in full shade and fair in tints. Resistance to acid and alkali is good. They are non*bleeding in the usual oil and oleo-resinous paint systems and in air dried synthetics, but bleed in lacquer solvents, alcohol, aroaiatic solvents, and paraffin. The standard Toluidine Reds will bronxe when baked at a temparature higher than 180F. See below for special non-bronxing types. Toluidine Reds combine extreme brilliance in maastone with excellent light fastness, and for this reason are the most widely used of all the red toners for coloring exterior surface coatings. They likewise lend themselves to the formulation of industrial enamels, and are extensively used for this purpose. Principal Standards Special Standards 10450: Toluidine Red Light - - Slightly lighter, considerably cleaner, and, considerably stronger than 10189. 10385: Toluidine Red Light Similar in shade to 10189, but co nsider bly stronger. Not. as bright as 10450. 9 OOOTS"-00000231' PAIMT INDUSTRY - COLORS - REDS AMD MAROONS 101: Toluidine Red Light - Stenderd Toluidine Red Shade. Bright maaatone with blue tint. ,2504: Toluidine Red Medium Slightly -- deeper than 10189 snd consid.. f'h ~ erably lighter than 10395. 10801: Toluidine Red Light - Resinated type. Not as clean aa 10189* better gloss and more resistant to bronzing and hating in baked finishes than regular type. Rapid grinding. 10451: Toludine F.ed Light - Nonbronzing type, better gloss and more resistant to bronzing and hazing than 10189 an d 10450. Equal to 10801 in resistance to bronzing and hazing but considerably brighter in shade. D-2.91,4: Toluidine Red Extra Dark* z . Slightly deeper than 10395. " r.'- f - >#- tJj 10386: Toluidine Red Lake - 25% 10298 on whiting, [ecosunended fo r water paints and kalsonines. ... . * /.v>? ///> ' k ti / 7 : lC /d'fr/ 10395: Toluidine Red Dark Regular . / dark touidine red standard. 9. PERHAWSA REDS (FIRE REP): Permansa Red is an azo pigment made by coupling ortho chlor paranitraniline with beta naphthol. Lighter, cleaner, and more brilliant than the Toluidine Reds, Permansa Red is otherwise similar to the Toluidines in general physical character istics. Resistance to light is excellent in full shade and fair in tints. Resistance to acid and alkali is good. Permansa Red does not bleed in water or oil, but bleeds in lacquers and synthetic vehicles. The maximum temperature of baking to prevent bronzing is 180F. Specific uses for Permansa Red include bulletin enamels, gasoline pump enamels, filling station enamela, show-card colors, and any finish where a light bright red is desired. 10361: Permansa Red Standard pigment for paint uses. Very light, bright shade. Loo tinting atrength and good opacity. 10 363: Permansa Red - Slightly lighter ahade and better strength than 10361Most popular standard. 10. SOLFAST RHODAMIME REPS: The Sol fast Rhodamines are made by the precipitation of rhodamine dyestuffs with phospho tungstic and molybdic acid. They are characterized by outstanding brill iance of shade, and good resistance to light. They are used in industrial enamels where a bright, striking decorative effect is required and no severe durability demand need he met. 10 0007-SBP-000002318 PAINT INDUSTRY > COLORS - REDS AND MAROONS Resistance to alkali is poor and to acid is good. They are non-bleeoing in tarnish and coal tar thinner, but bleed slightly in ester and paraffin. 10371: Sol fast lihodsmine Y - Typical rose shsde Lhodamine hed, Good permanence. 10373: Solfast Rhodamine B - Bluer shade than 10371. Same general properties except permanence of tints not quite as good. II. SCARLET LAKE: Scarlet Lake is produced by the precipitation of Scarlet 2R dyestuff on a mixed base of alumina and blanc fixe. It is sometimes knoen as Turkey Red. This pigment has only fsir permanence. Resistance to beat is excellent, and to alkali and acid poor. It is non*bleeding in paint vehicles, water, paraffin, and alcohol. It is especially suitable for inexpensive enamels. Baking is satisfactory at 230f`. 10180: Scarlet Lake Dark - Standard deep bright shade. 12- SOLFAST SCARLETS, TOLUI PINE MAROONS, SOLFAST MAROONS (ARYLIDE REDS AND MAROONS): Included in this class of colors are three types, all of which are ato pigments derived from the arylide group of intermediates. They are classed together because their compositions and characteristics are somewhat similar, although there is aome difference in the properties of each type of pigment. The Toluidine Maroons have excellent resistance to light in full shades ana fair resistance in tints. Solfast Scarlets and Solfast Maroons have excellent resist ance to light in both full shades and tints. Resistance to heat, alkali, and acid is good for all three types. The Toluidine Maroons bleed slightly in nitro cellulose 1-acquers and synthetic enamels. The Solfast Scarlets and Solfast Maroons also bleed slightly in both nitro cellulose and synthetic finishes except 10399 which does not bleed in synthetics. D-2799: Solfast Scarlet Light - Somewhat darker in shade than Pernansa Red, 10361. Excellent resistance to light in full shades and, tints. Recommended for durable lacquers and enamela. >' 10397: Solfast Scarlet Light - Slightly darker than D-2799. Shade similar to Toluidine Red Light. Tint cleaner and much atronger than Toluidine Red and much better permanence in tints. More transparent than Toluidine Reds. 10396: Toluidine Maroon Light - Standard Light shade Toluidine Maroon. Consid erably deeper in shade than Toluidine Red Dark, 10395* Recommended for high quality fast-to-light lacquers and enamels. 10393= Toluidine Maroon Dark Standard dark Toluidine Maroon. Darker in shade and yellower in tint than 10396* Recommended for high quality fast*tolight lacquers and enamels. 11 0007-S8p-000002319 PAINT INDUSTRY - COLORS - RED AND MAROONS D-2830: Solfast Maroon - Saae depth, bat considerably cleaner in shade than 10393. Excellent permanence in full shade and tints. Recommended for top quality regular maroon and opalescent maroon enamels, especially automotive enamels. 0-2831: Solfast Maroon Dark - Considerably deeper in shade than D-2 830 or 10393* Properties and uses similar to 0-2830. 13- MAROON TONERS (LAKE BORDEAUX MAROONS): These pgiments are the manganese or calcium salts of tobiaa acid coupled eith beta oxy naphthoic acid. Either the manganese or calcium salt can be made in the light or dark forms. We have classified these colors according to the metal constituent since the properties are consistent within each group whether the shade is light or dark. The manganese salt has excellent light resistance and is recommended for all types of exterior enamels and lacquers. The calcium salt does not hsve the light resistance of the manganese salt, but is generally rated good. CALCIUM TYPE CP 1034: Maroon Toner Dark maroon type. Recommended for enamels and lacquers. as CP 779. brighter and yellower than CP779. Light stability not quite at good MANGANESE TYPE CP 429: Maroon Toner - Light maroon type. A reduced pigment on barytes. Recommended for its soit grinding. CP 1032: Maroon Toner - Light maroon type. SO* stronger than CP 429. Otherwise similar to CP 429- Soft grinding. CP 779: Maroon Toner - Dark maroon type. Darker and brighter than CP 429. hiding power. Hard grinding. Good CP 1033: Maroon Toner - Dark maroon type. Considerably darker and brighter than CP 779. Hard grinding. IN. ALIZARINE LAKES; These pigments are made by the precipitation of alitarine dyestuffs on s mixed base. They possess fair covering power, excellent light and alkali resistance, and good heat and acid reaiatance. They are non-bleeding in varnish, water, and paraffin, coal tar thinner, and alcohol (except 10132, which bleeds in alcohol), and are therefore suitable for lacquer as well as for paint and enamel purposes. Baking is satisfactory at 230F> 10132: Alizarine Red Lake - Typical light shade maroon. Not suited for lacquers. 10322: Alizarine Red Lake Came shade as 10132, but is non-bleeding in lacquers. 10352: Alizarine Maroon Dark Considerably deeper than 10322. lacquers. Non-bleeding in 12 0007-SMP-000002320 15. BORDEAUX LAKES: PAIWT INDUSTRY - COLORS - REDS AND HAROOMS These colors sre produced by the precipitation of amaranth or bordeaux dyestuffs on e mixed bsse. They possess fair perasneace at a resoaable price. They are non* bleeding in varnish, eater, paraffin, alcohol, and coal tar thinner. They have good resistance to heat and fair to poor resistance to light, alkali, and acid. Baking is satisfactory at 230F. 10182-' Amaranth Maroon Lake A very bright shade. Deeper than 10132* 10340: Bordeaux Maroon Lake - Slightly deeper shade than 10182* 13 0007-SUP-000002321 PAINT INDUSTRY - COLORS GREENS I. CHROME GREENS: Chrome Green* ere intimate mixture* of Chrome Yello* and Iron Blue. The ahade of a Chrome Green i* controlled by two factora: the proportion of blue to yellow, and the greennes* or redne** of the yellow or blue uaed in it* manufacture. The depth of the green ia a function of the amount of blue it contain*. Brightne** or olive ttes* is determined by the shade of the constituent pigments; the redder the yel low or blue, the more olive the tone of the green. Chrome Green* exist in both blue undertone and yello* undertone types, sometimes called "Nitrate" and "Acetate" greens from the fact that nitric and acetic acids were once used to make the respective types. The blue undertone types are brighter and cleaner than the yellow undertone greens, and tend to have better light resistance. Yellow undertone greens, on the other hand, are stronger for a given depth of ahade. Our Chrome Greens are of the "Nitrate" type. Chrome Greens exhibit very high hiding power in paint systems. They are excellent in exterior durability. Like Chrome Yellows, they undergo darkening on exposure to light. This trait has been corrected to a large degree in modern Chrome Greens, which are regarded a* having adequate light fastness when used in full shades. They show significant fading in tints; for pale shades of green subjected to exterior exposure, Solfast Green or Solfast Sky Blue shaded with Zinc Yellow should be used. Chrome Greens, because of their Iron Blue content, are sensitive to alkalies. When alkali - resistant green products are required, recourse must be had to Shamrock Green, Solfast Green, or Permansa Green. Listed below are the principal Chrome Green standards. By using two of these standards, either alone or mixing them together, a full range of green shades can be obtained. Because of convenience to the Cry Color Department and to the customer, i t i * prefersble to sell only the standards listed. However, numerous other standards'are available to match special ahadea for special customers. ' .: -11825: CP Chrome Green Extra Light - Contains 2. OX Iron Blue. 11834: 118 37: CP Chrome Green Light - Contains 7.5% Iron Blue.. - * .> . jo. -. CP Chrome Green Medium - Contains*ron C- '3 - 118 35: CP Chrome Green Dark - Contains Iron Blue. 2. SOLFAST PREENS (PHTHALOCYANINE PREENS): Solfast Green ia chlorinated copper phthaloeyanine. It ia characterised by a bright, neutral green shade. Solfast Green has excellent resistance to light, beat, acid, and alkali, and doe* not bleed in water, alcohol, lacquer, or petroleum solvents. 14 0007-SHP-000002322 PAINT INDUSTRY - COLORS - GREEKS CP 771: So lfast Green - Standard Phthalocyaaine Green pigment. CF' 983: So lfast Green - Masstone slightly darker than CP 771: Sami CP 707: Solfast Green - Water dispersible pigment of the CP 771 for water and emulaion paints. Recomoende 3. SHAMROCK GREENS (HANSA YELLOW - PHTHALOCVANINE BLUE): The Shamrock Greens are wet method mixtures of Permanaa Yellow<AoC and Solfast Sky Blue (CP 1037 type), and contain approximately 30* blanc fixe. S/nce they are produced by mixing the water pulps of the yellow and blue pigments,/they are better quality pigments than the customer can obtain by mixing the corresponding yellow and blue pigments during his processing. The Shamrock Greens have the excellent properities Blues. They have excellent resistance to light, non-bleeding in varnish and eater, but bleed alig1 tar thinners. |sa Yellow ioG and Solfast Sky Jcid, and alkali. They are in/paraffin, alcohol, and coal Principal Standards Special Standards 11184: 11185: Shamrock Green Light - Approx- imate depth of shade of Chrome Green Light, 11834- Much better permanence and brighter and cleaner than chrome greens. C-2463: D-2464: Shamrock Green Dark Approx imate depth of shade of Chrome Green 1 1837. Properties aimilar to 11184* Lime-Fast Green Light - 10% of 11184 on blanc fixe. Recommended for water and emulsion paints. Lime-Fast Green Dark - 10% of 11185 on blanc fixe. Recommended for water and emulsion paints. 4. PERMANSA GREENS (PIGMENT GREEN B): Permansa Greens are iron salts of nitroso beta naphthol. They are made in two shades, the olive shade and yellow shade. Both shades are characterised by their excellent resistance to alkali. They are the only moderately priced organic green pigments with this property. Permansa Greens have excellent resistance to light in full shade and good in tints. Resistance to acid and alkali is very good. They do not bleed in oil, water, alcohol, paraffin, greases,- or fats, and they will not bleed through an enamel or lacquer over stripe. Permansa Greens are extensively used in water and emulsion paints where their alkali resistance in comparison to chrome greens and their economy and cleanness in comparison to chromium oxide is outstanding. In general they are used in any protective coating where excellent resistance to alkali is demanded and a modera'* degree of light fastness will suffice. 15 0007-S4P-000002323 PAINT INDUSTRY - COLORS - GREENS Principal Standard* Special Standard* CP 594: O' 986: Permanaa Green - Standard Olive CP 997: Permanaa Green Water diaperaible ahade. pigment of CP 594 type. For water and emulaion painta. Permanaa Green - Standard yellow ahade. Propertiea aimilar to CP 765:'1 Permanaa Green - Water pulp of CP 594, except conaiderably CP 59 4 type. For water and cleaner than CP 594. emulaion painta. CP 903: Permanaa Green - Water pulp. Stronger and alightly yellower than Q* 765. For water and emulaion painta. CP 987: Permanaa Green - Water pulp of CP 986. For water and emulaion painta. 5. S0LFAST GREENS (PH0SPH0 TUNGSTIC GREEKS): Theae pigment* are made by the precipitation of brilliant green dye*tuff with phoapho tungatic acid. They are diatinguiahed by their brilliance, high tinctorial atrength, and good permanence. They are recommended to produce brilliant green* where no aevere durability ia neceaaary. They have good reaiatance to light and acid, excellent reaiatance to heat, and fair reaiatance to alkali. They do not bleed in varniah, water, or oil, and only alightly in paraffin and alcohol. 11174: Solfaat Brilliant Green - Extremely bright yellow green ahade. 11182: Solfaat Marine Green - Conaiderably deeper and bluer than 11174. 6. SERENE GREEKS (BENZIDINE YELLOW-PHTHALOCYANI ME BLUE): Serene Green* are wet proceaa mixture* of Bentidine Yellow (12192 type) and Solfaat Sky Blue. They are SOX lake* on a mixture of tintanium dioxide and aabeatine. They have the excellent propertiea of the Benxidine Yellow and Solfaat Sky Blue from which they are derived. 0-2632: Serene Green Light - Approximate ahade of Shamrock Green, 11184. Recommended for water painta and kalaominea. 0-2833: Serene Green Dark -Approximate depth of ahade of 11165. Recommended for water paint* and kalaominea. 16 0007-SWP-000002320 PAINT INDUSTRY - COLORS BLUES AND VIOLETS I. SOLFAST SKY BLUES (PHTHALOCYANINE BLUES): Chemically Solfast Sky Blue* are copper phthalocyanine. They are characterized by extreme chemical inertnesa, freedoa from bleeding, and resistance to fading. Becauae of their exceptional propertiea, they are gradually replacing other type* of blue pigaents for practically all uaea except where only the aoat inexpensive pigaenta are deaired. The Solfaat Sky Blue* have excellent reaiatance to light in full ehade and tints, excellent reaiatance to heat, acid, and alkali, and do not bleed in oil, water, or alcohol. Principal Standards Special Standards CPX 483: Sol faat Sky Blue - Standard CP 1020: Solfast Sky Blue Lake - Reduced CP 961, shade phthalocyanine blue. 25X pigaent on whiting. Very brilliant'. Formerly called CP 558. Stability in CP 76?: Solfast Sky Blue Water dispersible aroaatic solvents questionable. type of CPX483. Recoanended for water and eaulsion paints. CP 961: Sol fast Sky Blue - Consider ably redder than CPX 483. CP 1029: Solfast Sky Blue Water dispersible Sane strength. Our own type of CP 961. Recommended for aanufacture. Not recoanended water and emulsion paints: for paints or enamels where aroaatic solvents are present. CP 1037: Solfast Sky Blue Dry fora. Non- Satisfactory for outside crystallizing type. Siailar to house paints. CPX 483 in ahade and strength. Can be recommended for use where aronztic CP 988: Sol fast Sky Blue - Red shade solvents are present. Resinated type of CP 961. Weaker, cleaner, and lesa bronze than CP 961. Better grinding than CP 961 or CPX 483. Stability in aroaatics question NOTE: Information received as this is printed indicates that CPX 483 will not be available in the future. Substitute CP 10 37 for it in every case. able. Solfast Sky Blue is also available dispersed in a aixture of Litho Varnish and NonBreak Linseed. Oil (CP 766} for use in the paint industry. 2. IRON BLUES: Iron Blues are ferric ferrocyanide complexes containing other modifying elements in the pigment. Potassium was originally used as the modifying metal, and Potash Blues are still occasionally produced. However, aost modern Iron Blues are of the ammonium type. Three classes of Iron Blues are usually distinguished: Milori Blue, Chinese Blue, and Prussian Blue. The Milori Blues are redder in toptone than the other types, but are the aost widely favored as general purpose blues because of their inherently softer texture and freedom froa reactivity. Chinese Blues are characterized by their clean blue masstone and strong green tint, and are used where their distinctive color properties are required. Prussian Blues have a dark toptone and a red tint. They find their greatest use in the toning of black enamels. 17 0007-ShP"000002325 PA HIT INDUSTRY - COLORS - BLUES AHP VIOLETS Iron Blue* ire *ry sensitive Co alkali, and cannot be used in application* where alkali reaiatance ia important. They have excellent durability in full ahade enamel*, but ahow aone tendency to develop a bronte on outdoor expoaure; thi* ia greatest in the Milori type and leaat in Pruaaian Blue. Color retention ia excellent in full ahadea, but decreaae* markedly on extention with prime white pigment*. Solfaat Sky Blue* ahould be uaed where Alkali reaiatance i* involved, and in medium to light tint* requiring a high degree of fastness to light. Iron Blue* find wide uae in automotive and induatrial enamel* and trade aalea items, in dark to medium ahadea of trim paint*, and for tinting where a moderate degree of light featneaa aufficea. Reaiata nee to light, heat, and acid ia excellent, to alkali poor. They are nonbleeding in varnish, water, paraffin, coal tar thinner, and alcohol. Baking is satisfactory at 320F. 11086: CP Milori Blue - Moat popular Milori Blue standard. Clean, green masstone and tint. Suitable for uae with yellow* to make green*. 11840: CP Milori Blue - Low oil absorption type, redder masstone, and less tinting strength than 11086. 11148: CP Potash Blue True Potash Blue. Redder masstone and slightly weaker than 118 40. 11023: CP Chinese Blue -Regular Chinese Blue. Jet in masstone, with greenish tint. D-287'5: CP Chinese Blue Improved Chinese Blue. Cleaner and stronger in tint than 11023. Shows less absorption of driers in enamel formulation* than 11023. Less reactivity with synthetic vehicle, and slightly better grinding thenll023. 11186: CP Non-Bronte Blue -Somewhat jetter in masstone than 11023 or D-287 5. Reco mmended for lacquers and synthetics. 11096: CP Prussian Blue - Jet masstone, tint much redder than Chinese Blue type. 3. ALKALI BLUES: Alkali Blues are mono sulfonic acids of phenylated fuchsine. They are produced in a wide range of shades from a greenish blue to a violet blue. Five shades are commonly recognised; Extra Green, Green, Medium, Red, and Extra Red. Alkali Blues are the strongest blue pigments available, being about SOAstronger than Phthalocyanine Blue. They have good resistance to light, good resistance to heat and acid, good resistance to cold alkali, and poor resistance to hot alkali. They do not bleed in water or paraffin, but bleed slightly in lacquers and synthetics. The largest use of Alkali Blues is in printing inks. However, they are used in inside paints and enamels where extreme durability ia not necessary, and it is desired to take advantage of their excellent strength. They should not be used in full shade because of broniing. They are not recommended for lacquers because of bleeding. They are widely used for toning blacks because of their great strength. 18 00 7.Sup ooo2326 PAIHT INDUSTRY - COLORS - BLUES AND VIOLETS The (olloving dry standards are available: CP 258: Alkali Blue G - Green shade. CP 812: Alkali Blue R - Red shade. For a complete list of the Alkali Bluea available in ink form, see the section on the printing ink industry. 4. SOLFAST VICTORIA BLUESi Solfast Victoria Blues are not widely used in the paint industry because they are too expensive. They are in general similar to the Alkali Blues in properties, having a slight bleed in lacquer solvents. For the standards available, see the section on printing inks. 5. METHYL VIOLETS; These pigments are produced by the precipitation of suitable dyestuffs with phospho tungstic acid or phospho molybdic acid. There are two types available: Solfast Methyl Violet and Royal Purple. These pigsients are not widely used in paints and enamels, although for certain types of enamels, the Solfast Methyl Violet does find a place. For the details of the standards available, see the section in pj;"`. >g ink.' 19 0007-SWP-000002327 1. PRODUCTS FOR THE P/UHT INDUSTRY B. FLUSHED COLORS Dispersed Colors or Flushed Colors sre Coday accepted by the paint, lacquer, andenaael manufacturer as a decided improvement in the handling of colors over that of dry grinding. In the manufacture of Flushed Colors, a wet filter cake or presscake of pigment is put in a large mixer, and a suitable vehicle is added. The mix is agitated thoroughly in the presence of heat and about 80 to 90% of water is released and mechan ically poured or flushed off. The remaining water is removed with heat and vacuum. The base is then reduced with additional vehicle and thinner to atandard body, weight per gallon, tinting strength, or whatever the controlling factors happen to be. Some of the advantages of Flushed Colors over the use of dry pigments and grinding on a mill are as follows: 1. It is not necessary to use ball mills or roller mills for making paintt enamel, or lacquer batches. The Flushed Color only need be stirred into the vehicle. This is particularly advantageous for small batches where the time in cleaning ball mills and roller mills would be an important factor. Another advantage is in filling rush orders. . 2. Flushed Colors have a lower oil absorption than the corresponding dry ground base; consequently the enamel has good uniformity and better flow, 3. Difficulties caused by silking and blooming of organic pigments, such as Para Beds, Toluidine Beds, and Graphic Beds, are reduced by the use of Flushed Colors, 4. Flushed Colors afford the best possible pigment dispersion obtainable. Excellent pigment dispersion has been found to be responsible for higher finish snd gloss, greater tinting strength, and cleaner, brighter shades. Actual experience in the laboratory and reports of customers indicate the following; Brilliance: With the following exceptions, equal bri11iance ia obtained by flushing as by dry grinding. Flushed Iren Blues are more jet and less bronty, and Flushed Chrome Greens are cleaner and brighter than when dry ground. Para Beds give deeper and brighter shades when dry ground. Gloss: In general, Flushed Colors give considerably higher gloss, only medium and light Chrome Yellows and Iron Blues being the exceptions. Strength: Flushed Colors are always equal to, and in most cases stronger than dry ground pigments, the only exception being Para Beds. The following types of Flushed Colors are available for use in paints and enamels: 1. Colors Flushed in V-1SC26 or XAD 26, a short oil Glyceryl Phthalate Alkyd Varnish, especially designed for automotive finishes and quick drying synthetic enamels. 2. Colors Flushed in CV 6090 or XADC3, a long oil Glyceryl Phthalate Alkyd Varnish designed for excellent compatibility with oleoresinous, oil, and synthetic type finishes. 3. Colors Flushed in Linseed Oil. Specific information on the code numbers and colors available can be obtained from the current bulletin on Dispersed Colors. CC07-SWP-000002328 I. PRODUCTS FOR THE MINT INDUSTRY C. WHITE PIGMENTS 1. BASIC CARBONATE WHITE LEAD Osark Basic Carbonate White Lead is produced by the Quick Process. It haa higher consistency, higher tinting strength, more hiding power, and better color than white lead produced by the Old Dutch Process. Osark Baaic Carbonate White Lead ia produced in a cloaely controlled carbonate ratio with 10.4 to 11.OX COg. It is dependably uniforai in texture, fineness, and color. * The following are its propertiea: Specific Gravity, 6.70. Pounda per Solid Gal., SCMB. Bulking Value, 1.77Gal./100 lba. It is packed in strong five>ply paper _ < baga of 50 pounda net weight. Baaic Carbonate ofWhite Lead was for years the standard pigment for outaide paints. Although its use as the only pignent in the paint has decreased considerably, it ia still widely used because of the better resistance to erosion and better elean>up which it affords. It usually nakea up fron 5 to 20X of the total pignent weight. The baaic nature of White Lead renders it active to the acid present in the oil vehicles. Lead soaps are forned which are a great aid in the wetting of the pignent by the oil and in obtaining a good bond between the oil and pignent in the filn. The lead aoap is soft and plaaticises the filn, giving it elasticity and prolonging its life. 2. LEADED ZINC OXIDE: Oslo is the brand nane for a series of 100X co-funed leaded sine oxides produced by nixing and heating the lead and sine ores together to volatilise the netal content. The resulting fune is oxidised and condensed as a unit pignent which possesses the desirable intinate conbination of lead and sine in a physical forn which inparts maximum durability to the paint. Four grades of Oslo are available: Oslo 35/55* 3SX lead pigment, 65X sine oxide Oslo 50/50 SOX lead pignent, SOX sine oxide Oslo 20/80- 20X lead pignent, 80X sine oxide Oslo 12/88 12X lead pignent, 88X sine oxide Oslo is packaged in three*ply brown paper bags, suitably narked, containing 50 pounds net weight, or in wooden barrels (tare weight 20 pounds, net weight 350 pounds). Typical Analysis and Physical Propertiea: Oslo 35/65 Zinc Oxide (ZnO) 64.7 5 Lead Sulfate (PbSO*) 29.98 Lead Oxide (PbO) 5.09 Total Lead Pignent 35.07 Moisture 0.07 Oslo 50/50 50.28 41.20 8.38 49.58 0.07 Oslo 20/80 80.30 17.14 2.47 19.61 0.07 Oslo 12/88 87.6 10.6 0.7 11.3 0.1 Specific Gravity 5.83 Pounds per Solid Gal. 48.56 Bulking Value (ga2./100 lbs.) 2.06 5.94 49.48 2.02 5.72 47.6 5 2.10 5.66 47.15 2.12 Oslo 35/65 meets A.S.T.M . Spec. D-80'41 and Federal Spec. TT-Z-321. Oslo 35/65, Oslo 50/50, and Oslo 20/80 naybbe used in Federal Spec. TT*P*40 for Type 1, Class A and C, painta. 21 0007"SWP"000002329 PROOUCTS FOR THE PAINT INDUSTRY - WHITE PIGMENTS Basicity? Actually little or no lead oxide (PtC), a* auch, exiata in co-fumed leaded zinc oxide but rather the baaicity of the leaded zinc ia due to baaic lead aulfate, (PbC. PbSC^+XPbSO^). For convenience the baaicity ia expressed aa PbO content. The effect on durability of high or low baaicity in leaded zinc oxide ia not too well known. For uniformity the so-called PbO content ia carefully con* trolled within a relatively narrow range of 4 to 7% for Ozlo 35/65 and 6 to 10* for Ozlo 50/50. Oil Absorption; Ozlo leaded zinc oxidea in general have low oil abaorption. For thia reaaon they give the formulator greater flexibility in aelecting and utilizing other pigmenta and raw materiala in hia formulation. High, creamy consistency in house paints may be obtained with Ozlo leaded zinc oxidea by replacing 1/4-to .1/2 gallon of the bodied oil in the vehicle per 100 gallona of paint with an equal quantity of a highly polymerized linaeed oil or some other bodying agent. High-oil absorption extenders may also be used to increase the consistency. Usage: Oslo leaded zinc oxides find their greatest usage in the paint industry, where they are considered aa the keystone pigments in exterior house paints. In combination with other pigments they give maximum durability combined with good general appearance, tint and whiteness retention, self-cleaning, and alow weathering, which leaves the surface in an excellent condition for repainting. The co-fumed type has superior performance over the blended or mechanical mixture type in house paints in auch important properties aa greater resistance to checking and cracking, greater mildew resistance, greater oil-retention, and slower rate of reactivity with the fatty acids of the vehicle. The blended type usually is whiter than the co-fumed, but this is unimportant in modern house paint with its high titanium content. Competitive Grades: Of the many competitive grades available, only Azo 35L is a close match for Oslo 35/65 in performance. None ia comparable to Ozlo 20/80. The following are the brands and types available: Types 35* Leaded 50* Leaded New Jersey Zinc Co. Lehigh 6 co-fumed * American Zinc Sales Co. Azo 3SL co-fumed Eagle-Pi cher Lead Co. Eagle A 350 co-fumed * Lehigh 250 Azo 50L Eagle A 500 blended co - fumed co-fumed * It is doubtful whether these are 100* co-fumed. SherwinWilliams Co Ozlo 35/65 co- fumed Ozlo 50/50 co-fumed Ozlo 35/65 may be used in place of the blended 35* leaded zinc oxides sold by N.J. Zinc as Lehigh 61 and Lehigh 635 and Eagle-Picher Lead aa A-354 and A-3SS; but* normally a bodying agent will have to be used to get the same consistency. 3- L1TH0P0HE: Permolith is the brand name for a series ofsingle-strength co-precipitated lithopones containing 28 to 29* zinc sulfide and 71 to 72* barium sulfate (blanc fixe). These lithopones show good light resistance, color, brightness, texture, and tinting strength. The following grades are available. 22. 0007-s `'*-000002330 PRODUCTS FOR THE PAIMT IKDUSTRY - WHITE PIGMENTS Regular Grades: Pernolith 20L: Low consistency. Low reactivity. Pernolith 40M: Medina conaiatency. flat-wall piinti. Fine texture. High gloss. For enaaela or Pernolith fiOH: Medina High conaiatency. Regular lithopones of intermediate conaiatenciea are alao available if deaired. Water-Sensitive Grades: Pernolith W-320: A high dry hiding lithopone. Suitable for uaeinflat wall painta and emulaion painta where high dry hiding propertiea are deaired. Medium high conaiatency in both oil and erulaion painta. Pernolith - 421: A highly water-dispersible lithopone. Low water absorption. Eaay dispersible propertiea in water and water-containing compositions Pernolith W-420: A highly water-dispersible lithopone. Medium water absorption. Eaay dispersible properties in water and water co ntaining compositions. Pernolith S-5^0: A highly water-dispersible lithopone. Mediun high water absorption. Similar to V-420 but usually gives slightly higher conaiatenciea. Physical and Chemical Properties: . * ' '* T.S. /"A" Factory^ (Vin. ) ^Consistency Water Ab so rp tion * .* r*. P.c. Factor Pernolith 20L Permol i th 40M* Pernolith 60U 104 102 100 15-19 20-3S 26-30 m 2. 5-3. 5 - 4.0-6.0 5.5-7.5 P ermolith *- 320 Pe moll th -A21 Permol ith W- 560 102 100 100 - 18-21 17-20 18-21 - ZnC Sp. Res. (Max.) (Min.) 0.3 0-3 0.3 pH 8-9 8-9 8-9 0. 3 0.3 0.3 3500 . - 7.3-8.6 8-5-9.5 8-5-9-S * Pernolith 40M should be ground at H7 set or equivalent for uniform gloss and texture. All grades of Pernolith have the following properties: Specific Gravity, 4*30. Pounds per Solid Gal., 3S>82. Bulking Value, 2.7 9 gal./]00 lbs. All grades neet A.S.T.M. Spec. D 477*45 and Federal Spec. TT-L-426- Permoliths are packaged in strong paper bags having 50 lbs. net weight. 000 7, 23 Qooo233l PRODUCTS FOR THE PAIKT INDUSTRY - WHITE HflMFMTS Usage: Belov are listed the grades of Permolith that should he siost suitable for the principal paint and enamel applications. It should be kept in Bind that these are general recommendations and for a particular formulation another grade may prove to be the beat. If the recosmended grade doeanotgive thedeaired results, other grades should be tried in the laboratory based on the best information obtainable frost the prospective customer. The preferred choice is listed as 1, second as 2, etc. However, if high-dry-hiding is desired, as under Flat Wall Paint, the order nay be reversed and Pernolith 1-320 would be preferable. Exterior House Paints Traffic Paints Floor Enamels Undercoaters (interior) Flat Wall Paints Semi'Gloss Enamels High Gloss Enamels Industrial Finishes Kalsomine Water and Emulsion Paints Regular Grades 20L 40M 60H 12 3 32 1 21 3 12 3 12 3 21 3 12 21 3 S Water-Sensitive Grades W.320 W- 421 W-420 *-560 4 4 43 12 21 43 ComDetitive Grades: Beloar is listed the closest match of Permolith standards for given brands of each of our competitors. It should, of course, be understood that this comparative table is only a guide in selecting a given grind, and further information may be necessary to select ani exact match in * given cnee. NEW JERSEY ZINC (Albalith) 14 14 806 807 10 11 10 351 332 362 332 DUPONT CHEMICAL PIGMENT (CALIF.) CHEMICAL PIGMENT (ILL.) (Ponolith) (Astrolith) (Sunolith) EL-112 NR-8 L. 0. L. 0. L. 0. NR EL-133 LR-142 HO-153 ~ LR-142 H. 0. 76TL H. 0. EAGLEPICHER LEAD (Eagle) A AA AAA HHH HCW^ HC HCf . LT;JJ 8$ A-l-L 86 JR A-l-L AAA-K SHERWINWILLIAMS (Permolith) A2k 20L 40 M 40M am 60H ibm a32Q W - 320 1-320 W-320 W-S60 SzJiS izm 24 0007-SWP-000002332 |. LITHARGE: I. PRODUCTS FOR THE PAINT INDUSTRY D. MISCELLANEOUS PIGMENTS Litharge, sold under No. 12500, is aade from selected pig lead. PbO content averages 99.SX. Litharge is used in dark colored house paints and aetsl priacrs toaccelerate drying, which is accomplished by the foraulation of lead soaps in the vehicle. The use of litharge is aore economical than the incorporation of special 'lead driers. 2. RED LEAD: Regular Grades: No. 12S10 Red Lead: 951 Pb30g content. Thia has been the leading grade on the market for aany years. It is standardised on a color basis for paint grinders and is closely controlled for uniformity. No. 12511 Red Lead: 97X Pb30g content. It is identical with the 9SX grade, except where highly oxidised red lead is desired. This grade is being used to s greater extent in recent years. No. 12512 Red Lead: 98X PbjOg content. It is a fine-textured red lead, suitable where highly oxidised red lead is desired. This grade is being used to a greater extent in recent years. Special Fumed Grades: No. 12S10F Red Lead: 9SX PbyOg content. Fumed. No. 12511F Red Lead: 97X PbjOg content. Fumed. No. 12S12F Red Lead: 98X Pb^g content. Fumed. Properties of Red Lead: Apparent Density (gma/cu.in.): Regular Grades, 17-21; Fumed Grades, 12-16. 95X Red Lead 97X Red Lead 98X Red Lead Specific Gravity 8.96 8.89 8.83 Pounds Per Solid Gal. 74.64 74.05 73. SS Bulking Value (eal/lOO lbs.) 1.34 1.35 1.36 Uses: Red L&d is used in metal primers or metal protective paints because of its rust inhibiting properties. In Chromic Primers, Red Lead is used in conjunction with lead chromate and tine chromate. In Red Lead Primers, it is the exclusive pigment. Certain Government specifications call for Red Lead in *Rust Inhibitive, Primers*. Red Lead usually makes up about 15 to 70X of the pigment by weight. It may be used with oil and synthetic vehicles provided the latter are of the jo* acid value type. 000002333 25 0007-SVP 1. SYNTHETIC VEHICLES I. PRODUCTS FOR THE PAINT INDUSTRY E.__ VARNISHES AND RESINS This tern is broad one covering the vehicles usually nanufactured in the set kettle type of equipment. It includes the alkyd type of vehicles as veil as the socalled interester class such as Dyel XMD 6. Synthetic vehicles are usually made by reacting polybasic acids, such as phthalic anhydride, end polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerine, with various vegetable oils present at nodifying agents. They are marketed by The ShervinWi11iams Company under the trade name *Oyal*. Further information on the properties and uses of these materials can be obtained from the Dyal Catalog and numerous Dyal bulletins distri buted by the Varnish and Resin Laboratory. See the table at the end of this manual. 2. OLEORESINOUS VEHICLES: This class of vehicles covers those manufactured by the incorporation of a hard resin (synthetic or natural) into an oil. As such, they differ from "Synthetic Vehicles" in thst the resin is introduced as aseparate material rather than being made "in situ* as a part of the vehicle manufacture. The resins used in such vehicles are : the natural resins, such as rosin, East India gum or Congo; the semi>synthetics such as the rosin derivatives, ester gum, limed rosin; and the synthetics - phenolics, maleics, and terpene resins. Sherwin*Williams activities in marketing such vehicles to the paint industry are rather limited because of the economies involved. The possibilities are better for marketing the synthetic resins used for manufacturing oleoresinou. vehicles. 3. SYNTHETIC RESINS: Synthetic resins are the chemically prepared resins used in the oleoresinous vehicles discussed above, as veil as for modifying the synthetic or alkyd type vehicles. Such modifications can be made either by cooking the resin into the vehicle as part of its manufacture or by blending in cold cuts (solutions in a solvent) of the resins. Resins in this category are: 100N Phenolics, vhieh are made by condensing and poly* meriting various phenolics with formaldehyde. These resins are characterised by the extreme hardness, excellent chemical resistance, and fast drying properties they impart to vehicles. They are marketed under the name, "Dyphenes". Modified Phenolics-, which are esterified rosin modifications of the 100X phenolics. They represent economical vays of imparting the phenolic properties to vehicles where extremely good requirements need not be met and where wider solubility and compati- . bility are desired. These are sold as "Dyphenitea*. Maleics (or Fumarics) are the roain>maleic anhydride (or fumarie aci d)adduct products eaters fied with polyhydric alcohols, such as glycerine or pentaerythritol. These resins are known for their good color retention, vater resistances, and hardness properties. They are sold as "Dymala*. 26 -00000233" OOOT-SMP PRODUCTS FOR THE PAINT INDUSTRY - VARNISHES AND RES IKS HARD RESIRS POR VARNISHES Bar M.P. F. Adij Vtlat. Dyphene 11 ft Dyphenite i Dyl ft 4. DEHYDROl: XRV 5 XRV 7 XRV 8 XRV 10 XRV 80 XRV 79 XRV 130 XRV 133 XRP 79 XRP 149 XRP 218 135-142 18S-220 135-145 145-155 260 - 280 27 5*285 241*255 27 5-280 27 5 - 31 5 27 5 - 300 315*322 15*25 10-20 15*25 14*22 - 20-35 25-3S 100-115 365 . 100X Phenolic ft ft ft II Mod. Phenolic Meleic ii. Dehydrol is the trade nse of the dehydrated castor oil aade by The Sherwin-Williams Co. Raw castor oil as it is obtained iron the castor bean is a non-drying oil. Because oi its chemical composition, this oil can be converted into a drying oil by dehydration. Dehydrated castor oil is a very useful oil for the manufacture of varnishes and alkyd resins. It has excellent color retention, good drying, good water resistance, and good weather durability properties. It is used in increasing quantities in alkyd formulations, where color'retention is important; and in oleo-retinous vehicles, particularly with modified phenolic resins, to give varnishes of good drying and very satisfactory water resistance and durability. The following types are available: XOT 6: Dehydro 1 - 50 second Voseosity; X0T7: Dehydrol - U to V Viscosity. 5. HIGH POLYMER OIL NO. 111 High Polymer Oil No. H is a "reconstructed drying oil" derived from soya bean oil. It was developed for ugj--as. the bodied portion of the vehicle in exterior paints in order to overcome ini of the inherent disadvantages of bodied linseed or bodied soya-china wood combinations/vhe^ u^ed^Xor this purpose, High Polymer Oil Ho. 11/ paint vehicles: A. Good durability and package B. Good through drying and decreased tendency' C. Freedom from after tack and less dirt collection D. Excellent color retention of aoya without the slow dr used as the bodied portion of pigments. and after tack of soya. High Polymer Oil it suggested for exterior paints, architectural whites, varnishes, snc gloss, semi-gloss, and flat wall finishes. 27 00 0*7-SB P-000002335 I. PRODUCTS FOR THE FA Iff INDUSTRY. . F. CANS The position of The Sherwin-Williams Company es a supplier of cans to the paint industry is too well known to require any detailed explanation. However, a brief sumary is given below. The following types are available: 1. Standard Round Plain Doubletite Cana - Also available in single friction closure in 1/4 pint, 1/2 pint, and one pint site. 2. Round or Oblong Cant with special S-W Pour Top wide opening. 3. F type - Oblong - With small opening - Closure of the screw type, cork and seal. National Seal Duplex, or U-Preaa-It. 4. Circle Seal - New type such as used for Kern Glo line. Some ot the advantages of the Circle Seal are: a. Shade name may be printed on the seal and does not nerd to be printed on the body. A big advantage for litho graphed cans. b. More effective resealing characteristics. c. Better pouring because of the nottle. d. Easier for use with brush because of the nottle. e. Easier opening and closing. f. Positive seal which reduces danger of lids popping off, and entraps less air than the Doubletite type. Cans are available lithographed and plain. They are available in SCMT (Special Coated Manufacturers lerne); .25 lb. electrolytic tin plate; SO lb. electrolytic tin plate; .75 lb. electrolytic tin plate; 1-25 lb. hot dip tin plate; 1.50 1b, hot dip tin plate; gib. coated terne plate; 12 lb. coated terne plate; 15 lb. coated terne plate; and blackplate. For specific information see the latest price list. 28 0007-SMP-000002336 / , ,r ,J ' ' * / ' . `Lr- . , /*" ' ff** /f 'T; -. . .'> ; PRODUCTS FOB THE PRtNTIWG INK INDUSTRY A. COLOR PIGMENTS NOTE: For description of each class of color and a discussion of its properties, see the section on"Products for the Paint Industry.* Properties which are important only to the printing ink industry are discussed below. ft'' s. YELLOWS AHD ORAHGES n I. CHROME YELLOWS AND ORANGES: Spec. Properties: All are resistant to lithographic fountain solution and stable in moisture set, heat set, and aniline inks, except those indicated otherwise. Principal Standards CP PRIMROSE YELLOW Special Standards 120 7 4: Lightest and cleanest shade. 12131: Appreciably redder and stronger than 12074. CP CHROME YELLOW LIGHT 12147: Best lemon yellow standard. D*29G3: Considerably redder and stronger than 12131. Considerably lighter than 12147. D-2652: Somewhat redder than D-2903. Slightly lighter and weaker than 12147. Not resistant to fountain solution. 12148: Special for comic inks. High strength, rapid grinding, dirtier shade than other lemon yellows. CP CHROME YELLOW MEDIUM 12150: Best quality medium yellow. Low reactivity in high acid value vehicles. Not stable in aniline inks. D-2805: Special for comic inks. Dirty shade. Rapid grinding. x 12152: <oaMd<a*aMy . brighter in/ XdeandlMfi^th.n 12150. "t L'i-H* '; - 'uert CP CHROME ORANGE 12311: CP Chrome Orange Light - Standard light orange shade. 120 8 2: CP Chrome Orange Medium - Somewhat deeper than 12311- 29 0007-SBP-000002337 PKirrmG INK INDUSTRY - COLORS - YELLOW^AM0RAH6ES 2. MOLYBDATE ORANGES: Spec. Properties: Molybdate Oranges work ouch better on the rolls tban chrosie oranges due to tbeir lower gravity and higher oil abaorption. In addition, they ^ffer better money value due to their higher tinting atrength than the Chrooe Oranges (4.S tines greater). All standards are resistant to fountain solution, and are atable to aoiature set, beat set, and aniline inks. 12095: Molybdate Orange Light - Standard light ahade. High tinting strength. D-2B43: Molybdate Orange Light - Close in shade to 12095, but alightly atronger. 0*2822: Molybdate Orange Light - Close in shade and atrength to 120 9 5. Special foi aniline inks. ./'/>/** 3. ZIHC YELLOW: Not used in printing inks 4. PERHAMSA YELLOWS (HAKSA YELLOW^.): -- 4~~ Spec. Properties: All Permansa Yelloowwss''aare resistant to lithographic fountain aolution, and stable in moisture set, heat set, and aniline inks. 1210 5: Fermansa Yellow 10G - Standard Hansa 10G shade'. Considerably lighter than G Shade.. Corresponds in shade to Primrose Chrome Yellows. D-2648: Permansa Yellow 3G - Not to be recommended when G shade is available because light fastness is not as good. Masstone somewhat lighter and not aa clean ss 12107. 12107: Permansa Yellow G * Standard G shade for all types of printing inks. 12104: Permansa Yellow G , Res in a ted type Hansa G. More transparent, better finish than 12107 ln~ 12112: Permansa Yellow M - Considerably redder than 12101 or 12107. Shade comparable to medium Chrome Yellow. Good strength. 5. BEMZIOIHE YELLOWS; Spec. Properties: All Benzidine Yellows are resistant to lithographic fountain solu tion and have excellent stability in moisture set, heat set and aniline inks. They are non-bleeding in all ink vehicles except lacquer solvent type. Principal Standards Special Standards 12190: j>-$ + Benzidine Yellow Regular opaque type standard. Inter mediate in strength. if*.* y-w }`>.s y/ i D-28 53: t" ' C Benzidine Yellow Grease-proof type. Improved 12192 type pigment. Slightly cleaner in shade and slightly stronger than 12192. 30 002339 OOOT PR IHT'WG.-WK INDUSTRY COLORS - YELLOW AND ORAKSLS"" ft*' 1 Benzidine Yellow - Transparent l^T^enzidinc Yellow - Light fast type. D*284t type-standard. Strongest Very transparent. Shade aimilar Benzidine Yellow. to 12190, 12191, and 12192. Strength equal to 12192. 12192: \Benzidine Yellow - Grease-proof .jiy&'type. Resistant to fats, oils, 0-2841: Benzidine Yellow Mediuai - Light fast ' and paraffin. More opaque and type. Very opaque. - Mediua ahade V0' somewhat lighter in shade than aiailar to aediua ehroae yellow or 12190. Slightly weaker than 12190 Peraanaa Yellow, 12112. Strength Lignt fsstness slightly better equel to 12191. Beat working than 12190 or 12191. proper t.i.e.a... ,, f/vwut-r- - /fa+TrySf/ U*, *> 6. PERHAHSA ORANGE (DIMITRAHILINE ORAHGEY cs't us*Je> yy *>* *r;_____ _^ -- T{ zWi/f + &Wtf)H] Spec. Properties - Pernansa Orange is excellent Tn'resistance to founts!:n solution and . is stable in moisture set, heat set, and aniline inks. 10369: Permansa Orange - Regular dinitraniline orange toner. 10605: Permansa Orange - Resinated type. Rapid grinding. Has better finish than 10369 for printing inks. Same shade and strength as 10369. 7. PERMANENT ORAHGE (0RTH0NITRAHIUHE ORANGE 1: (aJ+A/J Spec. Properties - All Permanent Orange standarda are rated as having good resistance to lithographic fountain solution, and are stable in moisture set, heat aet, and ani line inks. 10330: Permanent Urange Toner - Regular orthonitraniline orange standard. 10376: Permanent Orange Toner The best standard. Trifle lighter, cleaner, and stronger than 10330. 10804: Permanent Orange Toner Resinated type. Rapid grinding. Shade and strength comparable to 10376. Better finish than 10 376. 8. pgHZlDl_Hf_gMa: : - 7/j ' / (' / Benzidine Orange is an organic toner prepared from dichlorobenzidine. It is much stronger and somewhat lighter and yellower in tint than Permansa Orange. Light resistance in full shade is excellent, in tints good. Heat, alkali, and acid resistance to fats, oils, and paraffin are good. Resistance to lithographic fountain solution is excellent, and it is stable in moisture set, heat aet, and aniline inks. 12193: Benzidine Orange Standard shade. Recommended for all types of printing inks: however not as good a buy for soap-fast and grease-proof inks as Solfast Orange, D-28 7 8. 9. SOLFAST ORAHGE: ; /.W, f -+ 4 fic-n'r fit // N"! **''* Solfast Orange is an azo type organic orange pigment. Light resistance in full shade is excellent, in tints fair. Heat, alkali, and acid resistance are excellent. Resistance to grease, fats, and oils is excellent. Resistance to fountain aolution is excellent, and Solfast Orange is stable in moisture set, heat aet, and aniline inks. 31 0007-SVP 0000023UO PSIKTIHG INK INDUSTRY- COLORS - YELLOW ID ORANGES Sol feet Orange i particularly recommended for greate-proof and Mip*liit inka. D-2878: Solfaat Orange - Slightly deeper and redder in ahada than Bentidine Orange. More economical product than Bentidine Orange eonaidering initial coat and atrength. However, light faataeaa of tiata ia not quite"'a a*- good aa Bentidine Orange. No coapetitive product on the market. i*no 3>3?7/ C~u~j s,t-ooo 023^ 32 0001" PRINTING INK INDUSTRY - COLORS ~'9W- Zrf ' L / . REDS AND MAROONS I. GRAPHIC REDS AND BRITONE REDS (LITHOL REDS1: c&W- Spec. Properties: Lithol Reds are the Boat widely uaed red colors for printing inks. They offer the printing ink industry the following advantages: 1. Inexpensive; 2, Excellent working properties; 3. Excellent Strength; 4. Brilliant Shade; S. Fair light fastness. Resistance to fountain solution is fair to poor for Lithol Reds, the barium and calcium salts being better than the sodium. The sodium Lithol Reds are not recommended, for heat set and aniline inks. The bariun and calciun Lithol Reds are stable in heat set inks. The non-resinated barium and calciusi standards are recommended for aniline inks, but the resinated colors are too transparent for use. The regular Lithol Reds are not recommended for moisture set inks, however special standards, described below, are available for each type. Principal Standards Special Standards SODIUM LITHOL REDS - REGULAR TYPE CP 272: Graphic Red Y - Standard type. CP 364: Graphic Red Y Appreciably lighter masstone, yellower undertone and tint, slightly more bronze, and weaker than CP 272. CP 941: Graphic Red Y Considerably lighter masstone, yellower undertone and tint than CP 272 . Developed for moisture set inks. CP 839: Graphic Red Y RG Shade similar to CP 272. Higher finish, slightly stronger than CP 272. Good flow and grinding properties. Used as substitute for Lake Red C for lithography. SODIUM LITHOL REDS - RESINATED TYPE CP 817: CP 933: Britone Red Y RG - Regular CP 416: standard. Easiest grinding and best flow of all standards. CP 423: Britone Red Y Slightly lighter and brighter and considerably yellower than CP 817. Slightly CP 648: stronger than CP 817. Britone Red Y * Lighter in shade than CP 817 . Britone Red Y - Close to CP 817. Slightly weaker. Illini Red Slightly lighter and weaker than CP 788. CP 788. Illini Red Deepest masstone of all resinated sodium lithol reds. Considerably deeper, slightly bluer undertone and tint, and less bronze than CP 617. Close to Barium Lake Red C in shade, and widely used as Lake Red C Substitute. 10S stronger than CP 817. CP 789: Illini Red * Slightly lighter and weaker than CP 788. Britone Red Y Considerably darker, and higher finish, and slightly bluer than CP 941. Developed for ture set inks. CC07-SHP-0000C23U2 PR I XT I MG INK INDUSTRY - COLORS - REDS AW MAROONS BARIUM LITHOL REDS - REGULAR TYPE CP 233: Graphic Red M A medium red having a clean undertone and fair strength. Graphic Red M - Lightest masstone of this class. Strength and tint shade similar to CP 233* CP 800: crmr CP 835: Graphic Red M RG Rapid grinds ing type. Slightly darker, brighter, and 10* stronger than CP 233, and yellower undertone. Recommended especially for aniline inks. CP 918: CP 9 40: Graphic Red M RG Slightly darker and 10* stronger than CP 800. Same good body and grind as CP 800. CP 939: Graphic Red M - Very light masatone. Considerably lighter and cleaner than CP 233, and about 10* stronger. Graphic Red M * Similar in shade and strength to CP 233. Especially suited for moisture set inks. Graphic Red M Similar to CP 940, but slightly cleaner and stronger. Special for moisture set inks. CP 816: Graphic Red M RG Rapid grinding type. Slightly bluer, darker, and appreciably stronger than CP 800. CP 668: Graphic Red M - Considerably darker masatone, higher bronze, and 20 to 25* greater strength than CP 233. Undertone and tint shades similar. Strongest pigment of this class. Slight oil bleed. -- BARIUM IITH0L REDS - RESIHATED TYPE - STANDARD SHADE CP 901: - CP 802: Britone Red M - Lightest stsndard of this class. Very easy grinding. Used exten sively for news inks. CP 602: Britone Red M RG Slightly darker and yellower than CP 901. Better flow and same grind as CP 901. Britone Red M Darkest and yellowest of this type. Consider* sbly darker masstone, yellower undertone and tint, and slightly weaker than CP 97 4. CP 974: Britone Red M * 10* stronger end considerably darker and yellower than CP 901. Slightly harder than CP 901 or CP 802. -BARIUM LITHOL REDS - RESIHATED TYPE - YELLOW SHADE CP 832 : Britone Red M RG Lighter and cleaner than CP 805. Better grinding, and inks have considerably more flow than CP 805. CP 813: B ritone Red M RG - Slightly cleaner than CP 805. Somewhat harder grinding than CP 80S. CP 605: Britone Red M RG * Standard yellow shade type. Slightly darker masstone than CP 832. Excellent grinding and flow qualities. 34 PR I XTIMG 4KK INDUSTRY - COLORS - HEPS AND MAROONS CALCIUM LITHOL REDS - REGULAR TYPE CP 234: Graphic Red R - Normal Calcium Graphic Red. Good strength. CP 822: Graphic Red R RG - Slightly darker and brighter than CP 234 Cleaner undertone, tint, and print ahade. Approximately ^ 10 to 12X stronger. Easier grinding, and produces free flowing ink. CP 837: Graphic Red R RG * Moderately t --darker and slightly bluer, .>.',>Vg ives moderately higher finiah, * j/' . and is about 15X stronger than r" CP 822. Is as easy grinding as CP 822 and at equal strength gives inks having the same good body and flow. CP 564: CP 355: CP 614: Graphic Red R - Slightly lighter and brighter masstone, cleaner undertone, and less bronze than CP 234. S to 8S stronger than CP 234. Graphic Red R * Appreciably darker, slightly yellower. 5 to 7X stronger than CP 234. Graphic Red R - Slightly darker, slightly yellower undertone, more bronze, and 15S stronger than CP 234. CALCIUM LITHOL REDS - RES I HATED TYPE CP 318: CP 808: Britone Red R Slightly oecpcr and redder masstone, cleaner undertone and tint, better stienct!., .< i ' .-iii-.e than CP 234. Britone Red R RG Considerably darker masstone, more bronze, and slightly stronger than CP 318. CP 979: CP 833: Britone Red R - Similar to CP 56S. Recommended for moisture set inks. Britone Red R RG * Similar to CP 808. Recommended for moisture set inks. CP S65: Britone Red R - Slightly darker and brighter masstone, alightly yellower and brighter print shade than CP 808, and trifieatronger. Slightly better permanence. 2- BRITONE MAR00HS (LTTHOL MAROONSk Spec. Properties: Properties of the Britone Maroons are similar to those of the Calcium Lithol Reds. CP 377: Britone Maroon .Typical Lithol Maroon. Fairly deep masstone, blue under* tone and tint. CP 820: Britone Maroon RG Considerably darker and brighter masstone, alightly yellower undertone, more bronze, and approximately 2SX stronger than CP 37 7 . Improved grind and flow. 0007-SHP-OOQCC2344 35 PRINTING INK INDUSTRY - COLORS - REDS AND MAROONS (P 834: Britone Maroon KC - Similar to CP 820. Spec..! for Moisture set inks. CP 838: britone Meroon RG-Masstone end tint shade sasie as CP 820, but 1S% stronger. Inks Bade from CP 838 have the ease texture after grinding as these asde from CP 820. but the CP 8 38 inks pass through the mill faster than the Q> 820 inks. Recommended as stable in moisture setting inks. To be preferred to CP 834." | 3. LAKE RED Ci Lake Red C is made by coupling 2-chlor 5-amino toluene 4-aulfonic acid with beta naphthol and forming various metal salts. Lake Red C Y is the sodium salt. Lake Red C R is the barium salt. The sodium salt (sometimes known as "Bronte Orange") is a bright orange shade having a very clean yellowish undertone. It has a very high bronse print shade. The barium salt is a bright yellow shade. It has a brighter and yellower masstone and undertone than Graphic Red M. It is more transparent than Graphic Red M. Lake Red C has fair resistance to light in full shade, poor in tint. Resistance to acid and alkali is good for the barium salt type and fair for the sodium salt type. The barium salt type does not bleed in water whereas the sodium salt type does. Lake Red C is an excellent color for printing inks, possessing excellent working properties, brilliance, and transparency. Resistance to fountain solution is good and therefore Lake Red C is widely used in offset printing. Stability in heat set and moisture set inks is satisfactory. These pigments do not have enough covering power for use in aniline inks. LAKE RED C Y (SODIUM TYPE) CP 470: Lake Red C Y * An excellent standard of the sodium tyre. yellow undertone. LAKE RED t R fBARIUM TYPE - REGULAR) Light masstone, CP 281: Lake Red C R - Popular medium shade. Bright, transparent masstone. Clean undertone. Good strength. CP 803: Lake Red C R * Slightly darker masstone, slightly yellower undertone and tint. Same strength as CP 281. Improved working properties and flow characteristics, and improved resistance to fountain solution over CP 281. CP 836: Lake Red C R - Similar to CP 803 but 10X stronger. . r ,r: LAKE RED C R (BARIUM TYPE - RESINATED) CP 328: Lake Red C R - Considerably darker, brighter masstone, much yellower under tone and tint. Less bronse in print shade than CP 281. Very transparent. Good strength. CP 989: Lake Red C R - Similar to CP 328 b ut 8% stronger. 0007-SHP-000002345 36 PRINTING IMK INDUSTRY - COLORS - REDS AND MAROONS H. RU8AN0X REDS (LITHOL RUBINES): Spec. Properties: Rubanox'Reds are valuable pigments for printing inks because they possess good light fastness and their brilliant blue shades of red and high tinting strength are highly desirable. They also give inks having fairly good working prop* erties which lithograph well. Their good resistance to bleeding is also important. They have good stability in heat set and moisture set inks, and good resistance to fountain solution. Principal Standards Special Standards CP 543: CP 368: CP 1019: Bubanox Bed - Non-resinated CP 762: type. Medium red Bubanox. Considerably lighter masstone and appreciably bluer undertone, appreciably more bronzy print tone, 10% stronger than CP 366. More CP 776: opaque than other Bubanox Beds, and better for aniline inks for that reason. Bubanox Bed * Besinated type Deep brilliant masstone. Clean blue undertone in tint and print shade. Good strength. CP 448: Bubanox Bed * Besinated type. Similar in shade to CP 368, but about 15% stronger. Bubanox Red - Besinated type. Slightly lighter and about 8% stronger than CP 368 Bubanox Bed - Besinated type. Between CP 762 and CP 368 in depth of masstone. Slightly cleaner undertone and tint. 12% stronger than CP 368. Bubanox Bed Lake - Non-resinated type. 60% pigment o^ mixed bttej' Considerably lighter mil $ t OheTn 1 u e r undertone, more bronze''than CP 543. lL ft? 5. SOLFAST REDS: Spec. Properties: Solfast Beds are considered poor for fountain solution resistance, with the exception of CP 663. They have good stability in moisture set and heat set inks, but are too transparent for aniline inks. LIGHT SHADE - YELLOW UNDERTONE. CP 663: Solfast Bed Corresponds to "Watchung" Bed. Outstanding in resistance to bleeding. Best resistance to grease and bacon fat. Widely used for printing bacon wrappers, etc. Has good stability in fountain solution and Laketine. CP 967: Solfast Bed - Considerably darker in masstone and same shade in tintasCP 663. Same strength as CP 663. Less bronze in print shade than CP 663. Bet ter resistance to bleeding than all other Solfast Beds except CP 663. DARK SHADE - BLUE UNDERTONE CP 787: Solfast Red -Slightly lighter masstone than CP 780. Trifle yellower undertone and tint and 4% weaker than CP 780. Solfast Bed B G - Trifle bluer than CP 787 . Trifle weaker than CP 787 in zinc oxide tints, but same strength in aluminum hydrate tints. Inks are consider ably easier grinding, have better flow, lighter body, and better stability than inks made from CP 787. CC07-SWP-0000023U6 37 PR IHTIMG INK INDUSTRY - COLORS - REDS AHD HAROOHS CP 780: Solfast Red - Shade characteristics aiaiilar to Rubanox Reds. Darker masstone and bluer undertone than CP 776. Darker and slightly stronger than CP 787. CP 1028= Solfast Red Similar to CP 780. ness over CP 780. 6. PI6HEWT RUBINES: About 15* stronger and improved light fast '' Spec. Properties: Pigment Rubinea are stable in heat set inks. They have good resis tance to fountain solution. They are particularly suitable for lithographing on tin. They are not satisfactory for moisture set inks. CP 1030: Pigment Rubine Y Light, yellow shade. This new standard has good flow and ** light body. CP 1031: Pigment Rubine B Medium shade. Hat good flow and light body. 7. PARA REDS: Spec. Properties: Fara Reds are not widely used in printing inks, since their print tones are dull compared to those obtained with Graphic Reds. They are satisfactory, however, for most types of inks and are used where their characteristic shades are suitable. 10355: Para Red Light Considerably lighter in shade and stronger than 10333. 10333: Para Red Light - Standard light Para Red. 10802: Para "Red Light Dark masstone, very yellow and strong in tint. Special for > gravure brown inks. 10295: Para Red Dark - Slightly lighter and considerably stronger than 10109. Much harder grinding. 10109: Para Red Dark - Dark masstone, bluest undertone of the dark Paras. Low tinting strength. Maximum opacity. Very easy grinding. 10384: Para Red Dark Resinated type. Darker and stronger, and better finish than 10109. 8. TOLU ID I HE REDS: Spec. Properties: ^Toluidine Reds are resistant to fountain solution and are stable in moisture set, heat set, and aniline inks. Principal Standards Special Standards 10450: Toluidine Red Light Slightly Lighter, considerably cleaner, and considerably stronger than 10189. 10298: Toluidine Red Extra Light Lightest masstone and yellowest tint. Not as clean as 10450. 0007-SMP-0000023U7 38 PRIMTIHG'IHX INDUSTRY - COLORS - REDS AND MAROONS 10189: Toluidine Red Light Standard Toluidine Red ahade. Bright asstone with blui tint. 10385: Toluidine Red Light * Similar in shade to 10189 but considerably stronger. Not as bright as 10450. 10801: Toluidine Red Light Resin* ated type. Better finish than 10189. Shade trifle lighter and not as clean as 10189* Rapid grinding. 10395: Toluidine Red Dark - Regular dark Toluidine Red. standard. 9. PERHAHSA REDS (FIRE REDV. D-2904: Toluidine Red Mediua * Slightly deeper than 10189 and considerably lighter than 1039S. Match for Inperial's A-2990. D-2914: Toluidine Red Extra Dark - Slightly deeper than 10395. Match for Raritan Red RT-505-D. (Du Pone). Spec. Properties: Pernansa Red is reeistant to fountain solution and atable in heat set, aoisture set, and aniline inks. 10363: Pernansa Red Regular standard for printing inks. 10800: Pernansa Red - Resinated type. Slightly deeper and stronger with yellower tint than 10363. Better finish. Rapid grinding. |0. SOLFAST RHODAMIHE REDS: Spec. Properties: These pigments have fair resistance to fountain solution, and are stable in heat set, noisture set, and aniline inks. 10371: Solfast Rhodsmine Y - Typical rose shade Rhodanine Red. Good pernanence. D-2717: Solfast Rhodanine Y - Slightly stronger, slightly poorer pernanence than 20371. 10373: Solfast Rhodamine B - Bluer shade than 10371. Sane general properties except permanence of tints not quite as good. 11. SCARLET LAKE: Not used in printing inks. 12. SOLFAST SCARLET, SOLFAST REDS (ARYUPE REPS OR SOAP-FAST REPS): Spec. Properties: Of the arylide reds, the only ones used in printing inks are those with exceptional rexistance to alkali. They are widely used for printing soap wrappers, and are comnonly referred to in the trade as *Soap-Fast Reds". They hare excellent resistance to fountain solution and are atable in noisture set, heat set, and aniline inks. All are recomnended for grease-proof inks. D-2799: Solfast Scarlet Light Slightly lighter than 10397 . Sonewhat darker than Pernansa Red 10 36 3. Excellent resistance to light in ful 1 shades and tints. This standard' is an improvement over 10397, which should not be recommended for soap-fast inks. C007Syp C00023mB 3? PRINTING INK INDUSTRY - COLORS - REDS AND MAROONS 10396: Solfast Bed Medium - Stronger end deeper than 0*2799. and haa a slightly bluer tint. Excellent resiatance to light in full shades, fair in tints. 10399: Solfast Red Deep - Considerably deeper and bluer than 10398. Approximate shade in print tone of Bubanox Reds. 13. MAROON TONERS (LAKE BORDEAUX MAROONS): Spec. Properties: The sianganese Maroon Toners have good resistance to fountain solution and are stable in moisture set and heat set inks. Unlike Lithol Maroons., these pigoients hare good or excellent light resistance and can be used for outside exposure. CALCtUM TYPE CP 1034: Maroon Toner - Dark Maroon type. Brighter and yellover than CP 779. Recoaaended for enamels and lacquers. Light stability not quite as good as CP 779. MANGANESE TYPE CP 42 9: Mtroon Toner - Light aiaroon type. for its soft grinding. A reduced pigaent on barytes. Recoaaended CP 1032: Maroon Toner - Light aaroon type. SOX stronger than CP 429. Otherwise similar to CP 42 9. Soft grinding. CP 779: Maroon Toner - Dark aaroon type. Darker and brighter than CP 429. Good hiding power. Hard grinding. CP 1033: Maroon Toner Dark Maroon type. Considerably darker and brighter than CP 779. Hard grinding. 14. ALIZARINE LAKES: 15. BORDEAUX LAKES: These pigaents are not generally used in printing inks. 40 0007-SP-00000239 PR I NT I KG INK INDUSTRY - COLORS GREENS 1. CHROME GREENS: Chrome Greens are not widely used in the printing ink industry, since customers prefer to buy Chrome Yellows and Iron Blues and atix them themselves. The standards listed is the paint industry section and other special standards are available for those custom ers who are interested. 2. SOLFAST GREENS (PHTHALOCYANINE GREENS 1: Spec. Properties: Solfast Greens have excellent resistance to fountain solution, and are stable in moisture set, heat set, and aniline inks. CP 771: Solfast Green Standard Phthalocyanine Green pigment. CP 963: Solfast Green - Masstone slightly darker than CP 771. Same strength. Solfast Greens are also available in the dispersed form for the convenience of custom ers. In this form they have the advantages of dispersed colors in that they give an in crease in strength over dry ground pigments, and they are much easier handling. CP 772: Solfast Green Dispersed in Litho Varnish CP 771 type. 35% pigment, 65% No. 3 Regular Litho Varnish. CF 956: Solfast Green Dispersed in Litho Varnish - CP 771 type. 28% pigment,. 28% No. 3 Regular Litho Varnish, 44% Non-Break Linaeed Oil. CP 995: Solfast Green Dispersed in Heat-Set Varnish - CP 771 type. 30% pigment, 70% vehicle. 3. SHAMROCK GREENS: Not widely used in printing inks. N. PERMANSA GREENS (PIGMENT GREEN Bl: Spec. Properties: The Permansa Greens have excellent resistance to fountain solution and are stable in moisture set, heat set, end aniline inks. CP 594: Permansa Green Standard olive shade. CP 986: Permanaa Green - Standard yellow shade. Properties similar to CP 594. 5. SOLFAST GREENS fPHOSPHO TUNGSTIC GREENS 1: Spec. Properties: These pigments are resistant to fountain solution and are stable in heat set, moisture set, and aniline inks. 11174: Solfast Brilliant Green - Extremely bright yellow green shade. 11182: Solfast Marine Green Considerably deeper and bluer than 1117 4. 6. SERENE GREENS: Not used in printing inks. 41 OC07-SVP-000002350 PR I XTI MG INK INDUSTRY - COLORS BLUES AMD VIOLETS |. SOLFAST SKY BLUES (PtfTHALOCYAMIME BLUES): Spec. Properties: Solfsst Blues are outstanding for all types of printing inis because of their persianence and resistance to bleed. They are excellent in fountain solution and stable in heat set, aoisture set, and aniline inks. CP 103?: Solfsst Sky Blue - Standard shade Phthalocyanine Blue. Very brilliant. Replaces CPX 48 3 and CP 55$. CP 961: Solfast'Sky Blue Considerably redder than CP 10 37. Same strength. manufacture. Our own CP 988: Solfast Sky Blue * Red shade. Resinated type of CP 961* beaker, cleaner, and less bronze than CP 961* better grinding than CP 961 or CP 1037. Solfast Sky Blue is also available in dispersed form for the convenience of the customer. In this form it has all tbe advantages of dispersed colors, that is about 10 to 15% increased strength over the dry ground pigments and easier handling in the factory. rs'f CP 660: Solfast Sky Blue Dispersed In Litho Varnish CP type pigment. 33*; pigment, 67% No. 3 Regular Litho Varnish. CP 766: Solfast Sky Blue Dispersed in Litho Varnish - CP 961 type. 20% pigment, 38% No. 3 Regular Litho Varnish, 42% Non-Break Linseed Oil. CP 969: Solfast Sky Blue Dispersed in Litho Varnish - CP 961 type. 33% pigment, 67% No. 3 Regular Litho Varnish. CP 996: Sol fask Sky Blue Dispersed in Litho Varni sh - Creen shade Phthal ocyanine blue. 33% pigment, 67% No. 3 Regular Litho Varnish. CP 999: CP 795: Solfsst Sky Blue GG Dispersed in Litho Varnish - Extra Green shade. 36% pigment, 64% No. 3 Regular Litho Varnish. sse Solfast Sky Blue Dispersed in Maleic Alkyd Varnish XLV 39 * CP WW type. 26% pigment, 74% varnish. CP 1026: Solfast Sky blue Disperaed in Fhthalic Alkyd Varnish * CP 1037 type. 26% pigment, .74% varnish. CP 99 3: Solfast Sky blue Dispersed in Heat Set Varnish - CP 961 type. 30%pigment, 70% vehicle. 2- I ROM BLUES: Spec. Properties: Iron Blues are resistant to fountain solution and stable in moisture set and heat set inks. 11086: CP Milori blue Most popular Milori blue standard. Clean, green masstone and tint. Suitable for use with yellows to make greens. 42 0007-SMP-000002351 PRINTING INK INDUSTRY - COLORS - BLUES AMD VIOLETS 11840: CP Milori Blue - Low oil absorption type, redder aasstone, end leas tinting strength than 110&6- Suitable for Baking greena. 0*2817: CP Milori Blue - Similar to 11086. but especially recommended for aniline inka. 11148: CP Potash Blue True Potash Blue. Redder aasstone and slightly weaker than 11840. 11023: CP Chinese Blue* Regular Chinese Blue. Jet in aasstone, with greenish tint. 0*2875: CP Chinese Blue - Improved Chinese Blue. Cleaner and stronger tint than 11023. Less reactivity with synthetic vehicles and slightly better grinding than 11023- 11096: CP Prussian Blue Jet aasstone, tint much redder than Chinese Blue type. 3. ALKALI BLUES: Alkali Blues are widely used in sll types of printing inks because of their good work ing properties and excellent strength (about 50X stronger than Phthalocyanine Blues). As noted in the section on the paint industry, Alkali Blues are available in dry fora and dispersed in Litho Varnish, Fhthalic Alkyd Varnish, Maleic Alkyd Varnish, Moisture Set Varnish, Heat Set Varnash, and Mineral Oil. The uses and advantages of each are listed below: Dry Form: Used in aniline inks, rotogravure inks, and cases where there are special vehicle requirements. Dispersed in Litho Varnish: Widely used for toning blsck inks. Very good for half tone printing. Because of high tinting strength, only a saall amount of color need be used and therefore the pigment docs not obscure the screen in hall-tone printing. Excellent resistance to fountain solution. Dispersed in Alkyd Varnishes: Both types, phthalic and maleic alkyd dispersions, give harder films and dry faster than litho varnish. Phthalic alkyd in particular gives a hard scuff-resiatant film suitable for tin printing. Dispersed in Heat-Set Varnish: Especially developed for beat-set printing processes. Boiling point of solvent, 375 to 425F. To our knowledge, no competitive materials are available. Dispersed in Mineral Oil: Developed for use in comic inks and wherever light bodied inks are required. Excellent strength and light body. The dispersed Alkali Blue Inks have the same general advantages of dispersed pigments. They have a 10 to 153 advantage in strength over the dry ground colors, and they are much cleaner to handle in the dispersed form. The standards listed below do not skin in the package but dry readily to a hard finiah: 0C7-SUPC00002352 43 PRIHTIHC INK INDUSTRY - COLORS - BLUES AHD VIOLETS ALKALI BLUE SHADE DRY PIO'ENT NO. EXTRA GFtEN - GREEN GREEN GREEN CP 258 CP 258 CP 258 MEDIUM - RET REX RED RED REE CP 812 CP 812 CP 812 CP 812 CP 812 EXTRA PEC LITHC VARNISH CP 439 CP 311 CP 414 CP 736 CT 775 CP 402 CP 675 CP 950 CP 316 CP 332 CP 279 NUMBER WHEN USEE IN VARIOUS VARNISHES PKTHALIC ALKYL VARNISH CV 5010 MALEIC ALKYL VARNISH XIV 38* MOISTURE SET VARNISi V 17074 HEAT SET VARNISH - --- CP 1024 CP 749 * CP 1035 * CP 1022 * - --- CP 1023 CP 7 46 * CP 943 (7 1018 * - -- MINERAL OIL - CP 984 * CP 966 " REIN SATED LAKES: RED CP 970 RED CPX 486 50a Resisted Lake 50% Resinated Lake Especially designed for printing inks. Boiling range 375 to 425F. Note: See the current list of Dispersed Color Standards for exact composition of each of above inks. Pater Pulps of Alkali Blue are available. They are used mostly for flushing into print ing ink vehicles and other special purpoaes. CP 792: Alkali Blue R - Water pulp of red shade. CP 793: Alkali Blue G - Water pulp of green shade. 4. SOLFAST VICTORIA BLUES: Sol fast Victoria Blues are made by precipitation of the basic dyestuff wi th mixed phosphotungstic and phosphonolybdic acid. They have excellent strength and are clean and very brilliant'in tints. Because of their excellent paraffin resistance, they are widely used for printing of bread wrappers where their brilliant shade i very de sirable. CP 476: Solfast Victoria blue - Dry form. Standard Victoria Blue ahade. CP 472: Solfast Victoria BlueDispersed in LithoVarnish Regular Litho Varnish. - 52% pigment 46% No. 2 0007-Sif P-000002353 44 PRIHT1KG IKK INDUSTRY - COLORS - BLUES AMD VIOLETS CP 18?: Sol fast Victoria blue Dispersed in Litho Varnish - 20* Solfaat Victoria blue, 20r Alkali blue C shade, 45* No. 0 Regular Litho Varnish, 15* Non-break Linseed Oi1 CP 99*.: Sol fast Victoria blue Dispersed in Keat>Set Varnish - 35* pigaient, 65* vehicle rj 1036: Solfaat Victoria blue Dispersed in PhthalicAlkydCV 5010 Varnish 52* pigment, 18'' vehicle. The following water pulp is also available: CP 687. S. METHYL VIOLETS: These pigments sre produced by the precipitation of the basic dyestuff with phosphotungstic acio or phosphomolybdic acid, ffcere are two types available: Solfast Methyl Violet and :,oyal Purple. Soliast Vethyl Violet has excellent atrength, good permanence in full shade and tints, and prouuces very clean tints. It has good working properties in general. It does not bleed in oil, water, or paralfin, but has a slight bleed in lacquer solvents. It has excellent resistance to fountain solution and is used in all types of printing inks. Royal Purple has excellent strength.but is slightly inferior to Solfast Methyl Violet in cleanliness oi tints, and it darkens more readily on exposure to sunlight. It is a goou utility cclor at a low cost. It is used in all types of printing inks. CP 190: Solfast Methyl Violet Dry form. Excellent strength. Good permanence. CP 482: Solfast Methyl Violet Dispersed in Litho Varnish - 44* pigment, 56* No. 2 Regular Litho Varnish. CP 639: Royal Purple Dry form. Excellent strength. Fair permanence. CP 613: Hoyal Purple Dispersed in Litho Varnish. 39* pigment, 40* No. 0 Regular Litho Varnish, 10* No. 2 Regular Litho Varnish, 11* blanc Fixe. CP 748: Hoyal Purple tlspersed in Maleic Alkyd Varnish, XLV 38 39* pigment, $3S varnish, C". blanc Fixe. CP 1025 Hoyal Purple lispersed in Phthalic Alkyd Varnish CV 5010 - S8 pigment, 61* varnish. The following water pulps are also available: CPX 467: Solfast Methyl Violet CPX 410: Soyal Purple 45 00000235U 0007-SHP II. PRODUCTS FO> THE PR MIT I MG INK INDUSTRY >. FLUSHED COLORS See the section on Products for the Point Industry, Flushed Colors, for s discussion of the advantages of Flushed Colors ever dry ground colors. The types of Flushed Colors available for the printing ink industry ere ss follows: 1. Colors Flushed in Litho Varnish. 2. Colors Flushed in Mineral Oil or coir.hinstions of Litho Vernish end Minersl Oil. These ere designed especially for Cosiic Inks. II. PRODUCTS FOR THE PRINTING IKK INDUSTRY C. WHITE PlfiMEKTS LITHOPONE: Lithopone is used in white end colored inks because of its fineness, soft texture, good color, and hiding power. The following grades ere recommended in order of preference: Permolith *-320 (high consistency), Permolith iOM (medium consistency, high gloss), Permolith 20L (low consistency). 46 0007"SUP 000002355 II. PRODUCTS FOR THE PRINTING INK INDUSTRY D. VANISHES AMD RES IMS I. LITHO VARNISHES: The tern Litho Varnishes covers the vehicles used in the Manufacture of printing inks. Most of which are straight heat bodied oils. For years linseed oils in a range of closely controlled viscosities have been used in the largest volune. Also used, to a greater estent in recent years, are long oil length alkyds or interester vehicles. The Litho Varnishes are the carrier portion of the inks into which the printing ink colors are dispersed. They also represent the binder for bolding the color to the paper. The following are available: Linseed Litho Varnishes: Regular and pale (transparent) types. Viscosities raging fron 00000 to 10. Dehydrol Litho Varnishes: Litho Varnishes based on Oehydrol. Viscosities: 0, 2, 5. Alkyd Litho Varnishes: Used for netal*decorating inks and where added hardness is needed. All are siade fron linseed oil. ALKYD LITHO VARNISHES DIAL N. V.M. X LITTiO VISCOSITY VISCOSITY COLOR ACID VALUE OILS P. A. (SOLIDS) X X XLV 70 XIV 38 XLV S9 XLV 72 XLV 89 XLV Wfk/O XLV 118 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 0 -X 10-13 6-e 80 0 1 Z-Z, 10-13 8-10 78 0 3 Z.-Zc 10-13 8-10 77 0 S 10-13 10-12 77 0 7-8 11?$' -14' 10-13 11-13 64 27 1-3 Y-Z 5-7 5-7 72 20 0 f-X 9-11 5-7 73 20 MOISTURE SET RESIN SOLUTIONS: LBS. PER GAL. 8.19 8.25 8. 26 8. 33 8.87 8-56 8.56 TYPE Maleic Mai eic Maleic Maleic Phthalic Phthalic Phthal ic These resin solutions are usually high Melting point nalei c or funaric resin* (seldom esterified) dissolved in e thylene glycol . They are designed especially for *101 sture set inks. - The color is dispersed in the resin solution and i s applied to the paper by one of several printing Methods. The resins by nature have a liaited and definite affinity for noisture; so that when the paper is passed through a high hunidity atmosphere, the resins precipitate or separate from the glycol solvent, which penetrates into the paper. The resin is left as a hard, glossy binder for the color. Thus a relatively cheap, convenient Method is provded for getting a very fast drying, hard, and glossy print. 0007-SVP-000002356 47 PRODUCTS FOR THE PRINTING INK INDUSTRY - VARNISHES AND RESINS The following Dyaal Solutions are available: MOISTURE SET INK VEHICLES % N.V.M. BODY OOLOR ACID VALUE LBS./GAL. XLV 6 XLV 74 XLV 112 XLV 136 XLV 2 55 XLV 474 50 50 40 60 SO 50 3. SYNTHETIC HARD RESINS: Z3-Z5 Z1-Z2 Q-S 10'-14` Z1-Z2 z2-z3 9-11 9-11 9-11 9-11 9-11 Black 140 140 140 140 140 0 9.60 9.68 - 9.52 9.88 9.55 9.38 There are several types of resins bee des those used for the paint trade that are also used in the printing ink industry, One of the most interesting is the maleic (or fumarie) type used in heat set inks Many other types are also used for special types of heat set and quick drying inks and other more specialised purposes. The following are available (see also the section on Paint Products): HARD RESINS FOR PRINTING INKS BAB. M.P. ACID F.____________ VALUE TYPE Dymal " " 4. LABEL VARNISHES XRP 79 XBP 149 XBP 218 27S-315 2 7 5-300 315-322 100-115 36 5 - Maleic * " These varnishes are usually made by cutting resins into a solvent with littl# or no plasticizers. They are applied to labels to provide a glossy, slick, proteoPfve coat ing. For years the most popular type of label varnish has been Bade by dissolving manila gun in alcohol. Other resins have been used with great success however. These varnishes are applied by roller coating and are flash dried in 10 to 30 seconds at 200 to 250F. Gloss, scuff-oroofness, and freedom from sticking on stacking are the most important features to be incorporated into label varnishes. The following are available. 0007-5VP"000002357 48 PRODUCTS FOR THE PRtWHHS IHK IHDUSTRY - VARNISHES AND RESINS LABEL VARWISHES N. V.M. bODY COLOR XLb 9 XLL 8 3 XLb 500 XLB N2 XLb N9 XLb 509 XLb NS XLb C2 XLb C3 XLB C5 XLB 85 XLL 511 XLL 99 XLb M 50 . 50 50 48 44 45-50 48 50 50 SO 50 50 65 60 G-H C G-H B F-H E-G F-H N G-r li-X F-H G-I E-G A1 10 11 13-Max. 1 0 Max. 10-12 8-10 11-Max. 12 Max. 9-11 7-10 7-10 10 Max. 9-11 10-11 * Especially chafe resistant.. SOLVENT Ethyl Ale.-Isopropyl Ethyl Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol Alcohol A1 cohol Isopropyl Alcohol Ethyl Alcohol Al cohol - Na ph tha Naphtha Naphtha TYPE Rosin-Zein Rosin-Zein Rosin-Zein Rosin-Zein Rosin-Zein Manila* Manil a Manila Manila Manila Manila Rosin-Manil a Rosin- hex Rosin-hax 0CO7-sBP-000002358 46 III. PRODUCTS FOR THE CHEMICAL AHP DYE INDUSTRY A. CHEMICALS AMD INTERMEDIATES 1. ACETIC AC 10: Used as a general chemical raw aterial in asking a wide variety of chemicals. It it available in the following strengths: 28X, 56X. 70X. SOX. 84X and Glacial. 2. ARSEHIC ACID? Used as a raw aaterial in the aanufacture of arsenates for general chemical purposes. Also used as a raw aaterial in the aanufacture of weed kil lers for crab grass. 3. BFTA HAPHTHALEHE SULFONIC ACID. SODIUM SALT. CPX 137: Chiefly used as a raw aat erial in the production of wetting agents of the sodiua alkylaryl sulfonate type. 37 4. BETA HAPHTHOL: Technical Grades, CP 137 and CP 265. Resubliaed Grade, CP 224 Used as a raw aaterial in the producting of aiscellaneous chemicals, including anti-oxidants and accelerators for rubber. Also sold to packing houses where it is used as a preservative in glues. 5. BETA OXY HAPHTHOIC ACID. CP 557; Used as a raw aaterial in the manufacture of anilides which are then sold to the pigment color manufacturers for use as inter mediates. 6* LITHARGE: No. 12500 Litharge. cellaneous lead chemicals. Used in the aanufacture of lead driers and mis 7. M0H0 SULFONIC ACID. CP HI: This is processed further and sold to the pigment and color industry for use as an intermediate in the manufacture of colors. 8* PARA CRESOL. 98t. CP 945: Use as a raw material in the manufacture of disinfectants, plastics, dyestuffs, synthetic flavors, and ore flotation compounds. 9. PARAHITRAHILINE. CP 30: Use as a raw material in the manufacture of Para Phenylene Diamine. 10. PARA PHEHYLEKE PIAHI HE: Technical Grades; CP 120 Lump, CP 192 Powder - Used in the manufacture of anti-oxidants and accelerators for rubber. Also used for dyeing furs, in which caseitis sold to chemical manufacturers who blend it with other products. 11. TOBIAS ACID. CP 783! Further processed to produce *J Acid* which is used in the manufacture of color pigments. 12. 2,4 PICHLOR PHEHOXVACETIC ACID: Used in the manufacture of weed killers. 13. 2.4 PICHLOR PHEHOXY ACETIC ACID. BUTYL ESTER: Used in the manufacture of weed killers. 14. ZIHC SULFATE: Used as a source of sine in the manufacture of insecticides sndmiscellaneous sine chemicals. See section on Products for the Textile Industry for grades available. 50 0007-S4P-000002359 IV. PRODUCTS FOR THE TEXTILE tHPUSTRY A. CHEMICALS AHD IHTERMEDIATES 1. BETA HAPHTHOL: Technical Grade, CP 33? and CP 265. Resublimed Grade, CP 224 - Uaed as a "developer." In that use the color is produced directly on the cloth by the coup* ling of the diato intermediate and Beta Naphthol. 2. META ttlTRO PARA TOLU ID IKE. CP 421 Also known as Fast Red G Base. For production of colors directly on the cloth by diaaotiaing and coupling "in situ." 3* ZIHC SULFATE! Zinc sulfate is used in the rayon industry for weighting of the rayon fabric and as a hardening agent. The following is the analysis of the various grades available: 25.5X 5 Mole 36X 1 Mole Regular^ 36X Special Formula Zn SO4 . 5H2O Zinc Content 25.5 - 26* S03 31.9* Zn SO4 . M20 36. 36.6% 45.5% Zn SO4 . H2O 36. * 36.6% 45. 5% The following gives the chemical and physical properties of the various grades: 25 . 5* 5 Mole pH Bulking Value (#/cu.ft.) Solubility Rate* Solubility in Dilute Sulfuric 6.1 87. Over 2 min. Small residue 36% 1 Mole Regular 6.1 92. Over 2 in. Small residue 36% XJIbIx JSjgecia^ 6.1 67. 20 seconds Completely clear The S Mole salt may present a problem from caking on long storage but should go into so-lution easier than the 1 Mole Regular salt. The 1 Mole Special is finer, goes into solution faster than the 1 Mole Regular, and is free of insoluble matter. * 20 gms. in 100 ml. water at 2S*30C. IV. PRODUCTS FOR THE TEXTILE IKPUSTRY B. SHERDYE Under the name of"Sherdye* is marketed a complete line of pigmented water*in-oil emulsions . which have many advantages for printing a wide variety of fabrics. They are employed extensively by textile manufacturers throughout the country. Among the advantages of Sherdye products over conventional methods of coloring textiles are the sharpness of mark, fidelity of reproduction of engravings, brilliancy of shade, excellent light fastness, and ease and economy of application. In general the pigments used in Sherdye must be much more permanent because textile products are almost always exposed to strong light. Inquiries from customers regarding Sherdye should be referred to the New York Office. 51 0CC7-SWP-00CC02360 Y. PRODUCTS FOR PI6HSNT AND COLOR MANUFACTURERS Note: Paint manufacturers or printing ink companies msy alao be properly classed under thia group if they also sake their own colors. A. COLOR PULPS Color pigments are sold in eater pulp fora to pigment and color aanufacturera who either dry them and sell them as is, or convert thca to other shades, dry, and sell them. The following are available: Graphic Reds: CP 96 (Y shade), CP 227 (M shade), CP 288 (R shade). Lake Red C: O' 37 5 (sodium salt), CP 28 2 (barium salt) Rubanox Red: O' 518 Permansa Green: O' 765 (CP 594 type). |. LITHOPOHE: B. WHITE PIGMENTS Lithopone isuused occasionally in the production of lakes or reduced colors. See the section on Products for the Paint Industry for grades available. 2. BASIC CARBONATE WHITE LEAD: White Lead was formerly used extensively with Litharge in production of Chrome'Yel lo vs. Litharge has now replaced White Lead almost exclusively. C. VARNISHES AND RESINS LITHO VARNISHES: The litho varnishes used by the pigment and color manufacturers are very much the same as those used by the ink makers, which are listed in the section on printing inks. They are used for making color dispersions and prepared inks, either by flushing colors into the litho varnishes, or by dry grinding. 52 0007-SHP-000002361 V. PRODUCTS FOR PIGMENTS AMD COLOR MANUFACTURERS D. CHEMICALS AHD INTERMEDIATES 1. ACETIC ACID? Hied as a general chemical raa material in making a wide variety of chemicals. It is available in the following strengths: 28*. 56X, 70*. 80*. 84X, and Glacial. 2. BETA NAPHTHOL! Technical Grade, CP 337 and CP 265. Resublimed Grade, CP 224 Used as an intermediate in the manufacture of color pigments. For further informs* tion see the section on Color Pigments under the particular colors made from this chemical. 3. BETA OXY NAPHTHOIC ACID, CP 557! Used as an intermediate in the manufacture of color pigments. For specific information see the section on Color Pigments under the particular colors made from this chemical. 4. DICHLOR BENZIDINE SULFATE, CP 794? Used as an intermediate in the manufacture of Benzidine Yellows. 5. HEPTALDEHYDEI This is a by-product of Dehydrol and is obtained from the Linseed Oil Mill, Cleveland. It is used as an intermediate in the manufacture of perfuses. 6. LAKE RED C AMIHE, CP 2291 Used as an intermediate in the manufacture of Lake Red C. 7. LITHARGE: No. 12500 Litharge is made from selected pig lead with consideration given to the requirements formanufactoring lead chromate and lead molybdate colors. The physicsl properties ofNo. 12500 Litharge are as follows: PbO content, 99.SX. Apparent Density, 30 to 38 gms./cu. in. Specific Gravity, 9.53. Pounds per Solid Gal., 79.36. Bulking Value, 1.26 gal./lOO lbs. 8. META HITRO PARA TOLU ID I HE, CP 42? Used as sn intermediate in the manufacture of Toluidine Reds, Toluidine Maroons, and Hansa Yellows. 9. MONO SULF0HIC ACID, CP mt modifying Lithol Reds. Used as an intermediate in Dark Para Toners and in 10. ORTHO CHLOR PARANITRANILINE, CP 270: Used as an intermediate in the manufacture of Fire Red (Permansa Red). 11. PARANITRANILINE. CP 30: Used as an intermediate in the manufacture of Para Reds. 12. PARA TOLUIDINE META SULFONIC ACID. CP 711? Used as an intermediate in the production of Lithol Rubine pigments. 13. TOBIAS ACID, CP 783: Used as an intermediate in the manufacture of Lithol Reds and Lithol Maroons. 14. 2IHC SULFATE: Used as a source of zinc in the manufacture of Zinc Yellows. See the section on Products for the Textile Industry for the grades available. 53 CC07-SWP-C00002362 Yl. PRODUCTS FOR THE FLOOR COVERING INDUSTRY k. COLOR PIOHEKTS A large nunber of the pigments manufactured by the CP end Dry Color Departments Bay be used in floor coverings. Some that are listed belov are not used at present because each company has certain definite ideas about ehat type of pigments are to be preferred from a quality* standpoint and what types pf pigments say be used in their particular process and equipment. Accordingly, the colors listed below should be used as a guide only. 1. YELLOWS AMD OR*USES: Chrome Yellow, 12147 Chrome Yellow, 12150 Chrome Orange, 12 311 Chrome Orange, 12082 Molybdate Orange, 12095 Benzidine Yellow, D-2853 Benzidine Yellow, D-2841 Solfast Orange, D-2911 - Brighter shade than printing ink standard D-2878. ing strength. Solfast Orange, D-2878 See information under printing inks. Lower tint 2. REDS AND MAROONS Graphic Reds - Are used for cheaper grades of linoleum and print paint for enamelled rugs. Rubanox Red All grades. Solfast Reds All grades, CP 663 and CP 967 being especially desirable. Pigment Rubine CP 1030 and CP 1031. Solfast Scarlet, D-27 9 9 Solfast Scarlet Lake Light, D-2912 * 25* Lake of Solfast Scarlet, D-2799, on whiting. Lighter in shade than 10397. Does not migrate. Produces truly soap and alkali resistant products. Can be used for alkali resistant floor coverings. Solfast Red Medium, 10398 Solfast Red Lake Light, D-2920 - 25* Lake of 10398 on whiting. Properties similar to D-2912. Solfast Red Dark, 10399 Solfast Red Lake Dark, D-2913 - 25* Lake of 10399 on whiting. Properties similar to those of D-2912 The only red pigments recommended where alkali resistance is required are the Solfast Scarlets D-2799, D-2912 and the Solfast Reds 10398, D-2920, 10399. and D-2913. 3. GREERS: Chrome Greens All standards for all uses. Solfast Green, CP 77 1 Permsnsa Greens, CP 594 and CP 986 Serene Greens, D-2832 and D-2833 1. BLUES ARP VIOLETS Solfast Sky Blues - All grades are used but Solfast Sky Blue Lake, CP 1020 is especially recommended because of preference of the industry for reduced pigments. Iron Blues 11086, 118 40, 11148, D-2817 andD-287 5. 0007-SBP-000002363 54 VI. PRODUCTS FOR THE FLOOR COVERING INDUSTRY B. WHITE PIGHEKTS UTHOPONE: Lithopone 11 used in several types of floor coverings to ai.d processing as veil ts to contribute to the uurabil i ty and decorative ieatures of the products. Its high tinting strength is used to advantage in brightening asphalt tile and battle-ship and inlaid linoleum. Its well know advantages in (rotective coatings are utilised in print paints applied to floor coverings. The following recoiwi ended grades are listed in order of preference: Fernolith 20L (Lo cen si st ency ), I'ermolilh SOM (siediun. con si stency), Pernolith 60H (high con st stenty) . 55 0007-SHP-C00002364 VII. PRODUCTS FOR THE RUBBER AND PLASTIC INDUSTRIES I. RU8BER INDUSTRY: A. COLOR PIGMENTS A vide variety of colors ere suitable for use in rubber. Practically every t\pt produced has been sold to the rubber industry at one tis>e or another. However, only the nost suitable are listed belov. These are the standards which should L-e recornended: a. YELIONS AND ORANGES throve lei low, 12.110 Chrome Orange, 12311 Molybdate Orange, 12095 Permansa Yellows are used to a limited extent. They should not be recoirn.eniied because of serious migration through the rubber, benzidine Velio*, 12191 benzidine Yellow, 12192 Benzidine Yellow, D-2S41 benzidine Orange, 12193 Soliast Orange, 0*2078 Sol last Orange, 0-2911 b. REDS AND MAROONS Graphic P.ed Y, CP 1102 - Sreei al standard for rubter, CP 27 2 type. Graphic Bed V, CP 11(0 Sotciel standard for rulber, O' 2?3 type. Graphic led 7!, CP 1101 * Special standard for rather. CP 23-t tvpt. Graphic RedVi Pulp, CP 1110 Srecisl standard lor rubber. CP 499 type. Graphic Red R, CP 1114 - Special standard lor rubter. CF 822 tvpt. Britone Maroon, CP 1113 Speei al 1 standard for rubter. CP 52C type. Lake Red C, CP 1103 - Special standard for rubier. CP 231 type. Lake Red C, CP 1101 - Special standard for rubber. Lake '.ed C, CT 1105 - Special standard for rubber. Rubsnox Red, CP 111] Special standard for rutber. Sol fast Red, CP 1107 Special standard for rubber. Sol fast Red, Cl 110 9 Special standard for rubber. Sol fast Red, CP 1103 Special standard for rubber. CP 339 type. CF 00 3 ty | e. CP 7.2 t y j e. CP 66 3 type. CP 967 type. CP 737 type. So Hast Scarlet, 0-27 9 9 Sol fast Reds, 10 3 93 and 10399 c. GREENS Permansa Green, CP 1106 * Special standard for rubber. CP 5 94 type. Permansa Green, CF' 1112 * Special standard for rubber, CP' 9.86 type. Sol fast Green, CP 77 1 Chrome Greens - All standards Serene Greens, L-2832 and 0-2833 d. BLUES AND VIOLETS Soliast blue, CP 1037 and CP 961 Victoria blue, CPX 425 - Special hea t-reai s t an t type Victoria Hue for rutber and plastics. Shsde somtwhst similar to CP 476. 0007-SNP-000002365 56 PRODUCTS FOR THE RUBBER AMD PLASTICS INDUSTRIES - COLOR PI6HEKTS Hater pulps of the above color* may be recommended lor use in rubber latex. The requirements are: Properties sisiilar to those desired lor use in dry rubber and water pulp which can be easily dispersed in the latex. 2- CELLULOSE ACETATE: bentidine Yellows and Oranges - all types Sol last Oranges - D-2878 and 0*2911 FtuLanox Reds CP 368. CP 543. CP 762 So Hast Reds - (P 663. CP 967. CP 780, Sol last Rhodsnines 10371. 1037 3 Sol last Reds 10398. 10399 CP 787 Sol last Green - CP 771 and CF 983 Sol last Sky blues - CP 961. CP 1020. CP 1037 Sollast Victoria blue CP 476. CPX 425 3- POLYSTYRENE AND POLYETHYLENE: benzidine Velios - C-2840 Sol last Green * (P 771 and CP 983 Sol fast Sky blues - CP 961 and CP 10 37 4. METHYL METHACRYLATE (PLEXIGLAS AND LUCITE): Permansa Velios- 0* 12101 Permansa Velios ]0C 12105 benzidine Velio* 12192. D*2840, 0*2841 Solfast Green. CP 771 So If as t Sky blues - CP 961. CP 1037 5. ~~VTNYLS AND VINYL COPOLYMERS: benzidine Yellow* - 12)92, D-28 5 3 Chrosie Yellow* and Oranges - For interior use. Darken on exterior exposure. MolyLdate Orsnge For interior use. Darken on exterior exposure. Solfast Oranges 0*28 7 8 and 0-2911 Solfast Scarlet - D-27 9 9 Rubanox Toners CP 368. CP 543. Solfast Reds - CP 663, CP 967 Lake Red C * R shade Solfast Reds - 10398. 10399 CP 762 Solfast Green - CP 771 Chrome Greens For interior use only. Darken on exterior exposure. Solfast Sky blue* * CP 988, CP 1020, CP 1037, CP 961 57 0C07-S HP-000002366 VII. PRODUCTS FOR THE RUBBER AND PLASTICS INDUSTRIES B. WHITE PIGMENTS LITHOPONE: Lithopone is used in the rubber industry primarily for the whitening effect end secendsrily to sid the reinforcement of the rubber product. It slso side processing, especially extruding, calendering, and spreading. It is inert in its effect on cure. The following recommended grades are listed in order of preference: Permolith 40 Permolith 20L, Permolith 60H. lo C. MISCELLANEOUS CHEMICALS 1. BLOWING AGENT, CP 975: blowing Agent, CP 975, is used to blow or expand rubber to form "chemically blown sponge". It should not be confused with "foaming agents" which are used to produce latex foam sponge. It is added directly to the rubber on the mill or in the internal mixer. It emits aaunonia during the cure, thereby expanding the rubber and holding it in the expanded state until cured. It accelerates the cure slightly and adjustments in the use of accelerators should be made. It is very often used with cheaper blowing agents such as Sodium bicarbonate. Some of the advantages of Blowing Agent, CP 975, over conventional blowing agents are as follows: a. Absolutely no staining of any kind. This is a decided advantage over DuPont's Unicel. b. Finished products need not be put through a wringer as they must be when Sodium bicarbonate is used. c. It lends itself to use with other blowing agents such as Sodium Eicarbonate for reduction in cost. Although more expensive than Sodium bicarbonate, it is not. as expensive as Unicel. d. Accelerates the cure slightly, thereby making possible reduction of the expensive accelerators in the rubber recipe. e. Products of decomposition are not water soluble as are the products of Sodium Bicarbonate which may be leached out of the finished sponge with water. 2. STABILIZERS AND PLASTICIZERS FOR VINYL RESINS: A line of Stabli'zers and Plasticisers for vinyl resins is under development, and samples of several different products should be available soon for distribution. Information on the uses will be furnished at that time. 3. LITHARGE AND RED LEAD: Litharge and Bed Lead were in common use 25 to 30 years ago as activators for accelerators and as vulcanizing agents. The development of organic accelerators has gradually displaced the use of these products in rubber. However, there are still a few companies who seem to prefer the inorganic materials, [hiring the development of synthetic rubbers, there was an increased interest in Bed Lead, particularly for CP'S, Neoprene, and GIT-1 synthetics. However, other materials seem to have displaced Red Lead in theae cases also. 58 0007-SNP 000002367 vill. PRODUCTS FOR THE PHARHACEUT1CAL INDUSTRY A. CHEMICALS AND UNTERMEDIATES l ACETANILIDE. CP 29*. Acetanilide is used in asking sulfs drugs, sspirin, end related drugs. 2* ACETIC ACIDl Acetic Acid is used ss s general eheaieal raw aaterial in asking various drugs. It is available in the following strengths: 28%. 56X, 7 OX, BOX, S 4*. and Cl aci al. 3* ARSENIC ACID: Arsenic Acid is used as a ra aaterial in the aanufecture of several arsenical drugs. BETA NAPHTHOL: 'lesubliaed, CP 224 - This is further purified for direct sale as a drug. 5* ZINC SULFATE.* Used as a source of tine. C. crUJr hy+'fMfSc 59 0007-SM p-000002368 IX. PRODUCTS FOR THE WALLPAPER INDUSTRY A. COLOR PIGMENTS Listed belo* is s line of dry colors and eater pulp colors which are especially aide for the well ;eper industry. Ihese products can be uaed in ordinary wallpaper miner ill a, which the majority of the wallpaper producers have. Our former water pulp colors required ball silling, and were therefore only suitable to a few companies. The dry colors and water pulps listed below will work into the coating batch by serely a mixing operation. An isportant point regarding these colors is the fact that none of them contains inert atariala. They are sore econonical for the customer to use than the reduced pulp colors currently offered by Keystone, Eskins, etc., to the industry, even though they sell at a higher cost per pound. These products do not contain large amounts of wetting agents such as do the present water dispersible dries now on the sarket and offered to the wallpaper industry. Such dry pigments are not satisfactory because of poor resistance to washing due to the high amounts of wetting agent present. D-^2645: CP Chrome Yellow Light jjDrj^Mo^ Light shade chrome yellow. Little or no darkening on exposure t^^gJuTnfull shades and tints. Full shades somewhat dirtier than standard type light chrome yellow. This difference in shade is inimixed in let-down tints and therefore is not noticed in wallpaper. 0*2649: CP Chrome Yellow Medium Shade comparable to medium shade Chrome Yellow. Properties similar to D*264$. D-28 83 Permansa Yellow 10G Pul Similar to 12105. which see under Faint Industry. D-288 4 Lake Red P Pulp - Deep orange with plean peach tint. D-2885 D-2886 Red Pul r - Shade comparable to 10189. Cjtrn** Scarlet e^p - Shade comparable to Sol fast Scarlet 10397- lightfast in tints than IV2885 More 0*2887: Rose Toner Pul" Recommended for production of permanent rose tints. D-2888: English Carmine Pulp - Shade similar to Alizarine Red 10132. /T fm/fi *a.ttP.rf rnil1Inp __ . _ _*' rlili' tf"- *-^ p........ -II--at-so--bw--1. i 1 ah 11--t-n whi -fee tZTppT/TiTiff rrrrrrttmt*itKi*ii f6--rrffcta*yy6(**/A,/'//`. `M" /*/#/ iy/er/ AAy^wA' /Jf/ IX. PRODUCTS FOR THE WALLPAPER INDUSTRY LITH0P0KE: 8. WHITE PIGMENTS Lithopone is used for its high tinting strength and hiding power in coatings for wallpaper. The following recommended grades are listed in order of preference: Permolith 4-560 (easy dispersed), Permolith 4*420 (easy dispersed), Permolith 4*421 (easy dispersed, low con sistency), Permolith 4*320 (less hy drophyl i c). 60 -000002369 000T-S** X. PRODUCTS FOR THE PAPER MANUFACTURERS AND COATEES A. COLOR PIGMENTS This el assifieation cover* tw industries, namely paper costers who apply s wster disper sion by roller costing or brushing equipment, and paper manufacturers who use color pigsients by adding them directly to the dispersed paper pulp. For both industries water pulps are used. Some of the requirements are ease of dispersion of the pul p, and a pigment free of acid and metallic salts so as to be unreactive with the protein binder in the coating process. 1. YELLOWS AND ORANGES: Chrome Yellow, 12151 * water pulp of 12074 Chrome Yellow, 12201 - water pulp of 12147 Chrome Yellow, 12134 - water pulp of 120 9 6 Chrome Orange, 12203 - water pulp of 12311 Permansa Yellow G, 1210E - water pulp of 12107 Permansa Yellow 10C, D-288 3 * wallpaper pulp color. See section on wallpaper industry benzidine Yellow, D-2644 - water pulp of 12191 Benzidine Yellow, 0-2666 * water pulp of 12192 Benzidine Yellow, 0-2839 water pulp of 0-2840 Benzidine Yellow, 0 - 28 4 2 water pulp of 0-2841 Permanent Orange, 10358 - water pulp of 10 376 2- REDS AND MAROONS: Para Red, 10364 - water pulp of 10109 Toluidine Red, D-28 8 5 - wallpaper pulp color. See section on wallpaper industry. Permansa Red, 10 365 wster pulp of 10 363 Lake Red P, 0-2884 * wallpaper pulp color. See section on wallpaper industry. Sol fast Rhodamine Y, 10 379 water pulp of 10 37 1 Sol fast Rhodamine B, 10 37 4 - water pulp of 10373 Brilliant Scarlet, 0-2886 - wallpaper pulp color. See section on wallpaper industry. Rose Pulp, D-2B67 - wallpaper pulp color. See section on wallpaper colors. Carmine Pulp, 0:2888 - wallpaper pulp color. See section on wallpaper colors. 3* GREENS: Permansa Green, CP 997 - waterdispersiblecolor of Q* 594 Permansa Green, CP 765 - waterpulp color of CP 59 4 type Shamrock Green, 11188 * water pulp of 11184 Shamrock Green, 11189 - water pulp of 11185 4. BLUES AND VIOLETS: Steel Blue Pulp,. 11097 water pulp of 11086 Alkali Blue, CP 792 and CP 793 Sol fast Victoria Blue, CP 687 Solfast Methyl Violet, CP 467 Royal Purple, CP 410 Solfast Sky Blue *L, CP 767 and CP 10 29 B. WHITE PIGMENTS LITHOPOKE: Lithopone serves the paper industry as a constituent of filled or coated paper products. It is used in heavier weight of filled papers and in coating colors for application to printing or waxing stocks to provide whitening and opacifying characteri sti cs. The following recommended grades'are listed in order of preference: Permolith P-560, *420, *-421. *-320 , 201, 40M, and 60H. CC07-SVP-0000023 70 61 XI. PRODUCTS FOR MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIES A. COLOR PIGMENTS |. CHALK AMD CRAYONS: The chalk end crayon industries prefer reduced colors. However, full strength colors are used by some companies. Soaie of the requirements are as follows: Must be non toxic. Should be a brilliant shade. Should be non-bleeding in water and paraffin. a. YELLOWS AHD ORANGES: Bcnsidine Yellow, D-28 5 3- Calumet Yellow, D-2558 - 13* Lake of bcnsidine Yellow, 12191. on blanc fixe bcnsidine Yellow, D-2841 Permanent Orange, 10330 and 10 376 Solfast Orange, D-2878 and D-2911 Peraansa Orange, 10 379 .i b. REDS AHD MAR00HS: y Graphic Red M, CP 233 and CP 800 t `' Graphic Red R, CP 234 Rubanox Red, CP 448 Solfast Red, CP 663 and 967 Scarlet Lake, 10180 Solfast Scarlet. D-2799 Solfast Red. 10398 and 10399 Alisarine Reds and Maroons, 10132 and 103S2 Bordeaux Maroons, 10182 and 10340. C. GREEKS: Lime-fast Greens, D-246 3 and D-2464 Serene Greens, 0-2832 and D-2833 d. BLUES AHD VIOLETS: Solfasc Blue Lake, & 1020 Alkali Blue, C7 2S8. CF 812 Solfast Victoria Blue, CF 476 Solfast Methyl Violet, CF 490 Royal Purple, CP 639 2. CONCRETE AHD CEMENT: - In general water dispersed colors are preferred for concrete and cement work. The following are recommended: Permansa Green 40, CP 997 Solfast Sky Blue 4D, CP 767 and CP 1029 3- FABRIC COATING AHD ARTIFICAL LEATHER: The requirements for these products are somewhat similar to those of the rubber and plastic industries. See the section on rubber and plastics for further information. 62 0007-5MP-000002371 PRODUCTS FOR MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIES COLOR PIGMENTS 4. OIL CLOTH: The requirement* for these products ere somewhat siailar to those of the rubber end plastics industries. See the section on rubber and plastics for further inforaation. 5. SHADE CLOTH: The requirements for these products are somewhat siailar to those of the rubber and plastic industries. See the section on rubber and plastics for further inforaation. XI. PRODUCTS FOR MISCELLANEOUS IHDUSTRIES B. WHITE PI6HEHTS 1. ARTISTS COLORS: Lithopone is used in oil colors and eater colors to provide dry ehites or clear tints. The following recommended grades are listed in order of preference: Permolith 20L, Peraolith 4*320, Permolith 4*560 (water colors). 2. CAULKING COMPOUNDS AHD PUTTY; Litho rone is used as a whitening agent. The following recommended grades are listed in order of preference: Permolith 20L (low consistency), Permolith 4*320 (high con* si stency). 3* CHALK AND CRAYONS: Lithopone is used as a whitening material in chalk and crayons. The following re* coasiended grades are listed in order of preference: Permolith 20L, Peraolith 4- 320. 4. COATED FABRICS: Lithopone imparts aany desirable effects to oleoresinous lacquers and piastic coating applied to fabrics and leathers. The problem of selecting specific grades is siailar to that involved in paint products. Refer to the paint section for aore inforaation . The following recoamended grades are listed in order of preference: Peraolith 20L (low consistency), Peraolith 40M (medium consistency), Permolith 60H (highcon sistency), Peraolith 4*320. 5. OIL CLOTH: Lithopone contributes to the durability and decorative qualities of oil cloth without interfering with the drying process. The following grades recoamended are listed in order of preference: Peraolith 40M (aediua consistency, high gloss), Permolith 20L (low consistency), Peraolith 60H (high consistency). 6* PLASTER: Lithopone serves as a conveni ent and inexpensive whitening agent in patching pi asters. Permolith 4*320 is recommended. 63 00C7-SUP-000002372 XI. PRODUCTS FOR MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIES C. VARNISHES AND RES IKS I. PLASTICIZING RESINS There are nany different industries where the use of resins or resin solutions aids in the processing of a material or contributes valuable characteristics to a finished product. Some of the principal uses are in nitrocellulose, ethyl cellulose, or other plastics. Most plasticising resins which we have available are oil-modified alkyd resins. They are usually of the non-drying type, and very often are based on adipic, succinic, or sebasic acid rather than phthalic anhydride. The following are available; XAN 04: See Dyal characteristics chart. Used in nitrocellulose and ethyl cellulose. XAN 70: See Dyal chart. Used in nitrocellulose and urea and aielaaine resins. XPL Cl: Used for nitrocellulose paper coatings. XPL C2: Used for lacquers for rubber goods. XI. PRODUCTS FOR MISCELLANEOUS INDUSTRIES D. CHEMICALS AND INTERMEDIATES |. ARSENIC ACID? Used as a raw material in making insecticides, chiefly weed killers for crab grass. 2. LITHARGE; Used in the glass manufacturing industry in the so called "Lead glass", which screens out X-Rays, radio-active rays, and ultra violet light. "Lead glass" is used around X-Ray units and heatherometers. Used in the battery manufacturing industry. Retteries of the type used in automobiles are composed of a series of plates, half of which contain litharge in fairly large quantities. See the section on Products for Pigment & Color Mfgrs. for grades available. 3. PARA CRESOL. 98". CP 945; Used in the oil industry in the manufacture of lubricant additives. 4. 2.4 DICHLOR PHENOXY ACETIC ACID; Used in the manufacture of weed killers. 5. 2.4 DICHLOR PHENOXY ACETIC ACID. BUTYL ESTER; Used in the manufacture of weed killers. 6. ZINC SULFATE; Used by the insecticide manufacturing industry as a source of zinc. See the section on Products for the Textile Industry for grades available. Used in the manufacture of fertilizers, glue, and ore floatation compounds. 64 0007-Sif p-000002 37 3 Table A. PROPERTIES OF COLOR PIGMENTS CHROME YELLOWS Primrose 120T4 Primrose 12131 Light 1214* Light 12307 Light D-2903 Light 12121 Light 12143 Medium 12096 Medium 12135 Medium 12310 Medium 12150 Medium D-2649 Medium D-2805 SPECIFIC BULKING G^ASni VALLE :v/ 4.97 5.65 5.57 4.97 5. 30 5. 47 S. 44 S. 29 6.02 5.82 S.82 5.82 .0224 .0212 .0215 .0 224 .0227 .0219 .0220 .0227 .0199 .0235 .0235 .0235 CHROME ORANGES 12311 12082 120e4 1209 3 12097 12051 6.75 7.29 6.71 6.09 7.52 9.00 .0177 .0164 .0178 .0197 .0160 .0150 MOLYBDATE ORANGES 12095 12145 D- 23 34 D-2843 0-2822 5. 32 5.30 6. 10 5. 32 5. 32 .0 225 .0 207 .0197 .0225 .0225 ZINC YELLOW 12054 3.6: .0339 PERMANSA YELLOWS 1CK- 12105 G 12101 G 12107 G 12104 M 12112 1.58 1.46 1. 46 1.33 1. 39 .0759 .0822 .0822 .0903 .0863 LIME FAST YELLOWS 12111 BENZIDINE YELLOWS 12190 12191 12192 0-28 5 3 D- 2840 0-2841 2.32 1. 37 1. 36 1. 38 1. 38 1.42 1. 36 .0517 .0876 . 088 3 .0870 .0870 .0B54 .0883 OIL ABSORP. 38 18 16 38 21 24 14 34 10 18 18 18 7.4 5. S 6.5 6.0 5.8 5.5 16 20 16 16 3U> 45 33 34 se 29 37 64 68 62 62 65 54 SPECIFIC fcnAVTTY PERMANENT ORANGE 10330 10376 10804 1.49 1.49 1. 34 BULKING value .0806 .0806 . 08 96 PERMANSA ORANGE 10369 10805 1.45 1.45 .0828 .0851 BENZIDINE ORANGE 12193 1.43 .0840 GRAPHIC RED Y CP 272 CP 384 CP 941 1.60 1.62 1.60 .0750 .0741 .0750 BRITONE RED Y CP 817 CP 788 CP 416 CP 423 CP 648 CP 789 CP 991 *-PfS3 GRAPHIC RED M CP 233 CP BOO CP 835 CP 345 CP 918 CP 940 CP 939 CP 816 CP 668 c?U9 BRITONE RED M CP 901 CP 802 CP 974 CP 602 CP 804 1.52 1.72 1.58 1.63 l.SS 1.62 1.55 AM 1.74 1. 59 1.60 1.67 1.69 1.62 1. 47 1.67 1.62 /.*/ 1.58 1.58 1.51 1. 47 1.66 .0790 .0698 .0760 .07 36 .0774 .0741 .0774 -071// .0690 .0755 .0750 .0719 .0709 .0741 .0816 0719 .0741 .0759 .0759 .0795 .0816 .0723 BRITONE RED M-Y CP 632 CP 8 05 CP 813 1. 55 1.70 1.61 .0775 .0706 .07 45 ABSORP. 42 38 37 32 28 60 *So 52 50 S3 42 50 41 r/ 40 44 41 41 46 46 48 46 41 * 46 48 49 45 46 43 49 SO 0 C 07-5 if p-0000023 7<j TABLE A. PROPERTIES OF COLOR PIGMENTS SPECIFIC GRAVITY 6MPH1C m CP 234 CP 564 CP 822 CP 837 CP 355 CP 614 1.65 1.50 1.63 1.48 1.65 1.53 BRITONE RED R CP 318 CP 565 CP 8 08 CP 979 CP 833 1.52 1.42 1.42 1.42 1.42 BRITONE MAROONS CP 377 CP 820 CP 838 CP 8 34 1.20 1.42 1.47 1.42 LANE RED C CP 470 CP 281 CP 8C3 CP 836 CP 328 CP 989 1. 57 1.76 1.66 1.66 1.69 1.58 RUBANOX REDS CP 543 CP 368 CP 1019 CP 762 CP 77 6 CP 448 1. 62 1.54 1.56 1.85 1.60 2. 12 SOLFAST REDS CP 663 CP 967 CP 787 CP 7 83 CP 10 28 CP 831 1.70 1.71 1.51 1.48 1.57 1.41 BULKING OIL VALUE ABSORP .0728 .0800 .0736 .0811 .07 28 .0784 34 39 56 47 35 45 .0790 .0840 .0854 .0854 .0854 44 40 49 40 49 . 1004 .0854 .0816 . 08 5 4 .0764 . 068 2 .0723 .07 23 .0710 . 0760 37 58 51 58 38 42 46 47 50 49 .0741 .0779 .0766 .0649 .0750 .0566 50 40 59 62 64 .0706 .0702 .0795 .0811 . 076S .0851 43 52 59 73 59 57 tm kps Light 10355 Light 10333 Light 10802 Dark 10295 Dark 10109 Dark 10384 SPECIAL GRAVITY 1.49 1.49 1.43 1.49 1.47 1.47 TOLU1 DINE REDS Ex. Lt. 10 298 Light 10 385 Light 10450 Light 10189 Light 10801. Light 10 385 Medina D-2904 Dark 10 395 Ex. Dk.D-2914 Lake 10386 1.42 1. 38 1.40 1.40 1.41 1.38 1.42 1.43 1.43 1.99 PERMANSA REDS 10361 1036 3 108 00 1.67 1.56 1.45 BULKING VALUE .0806 .0806 .0840 .0806 .0806 .0816 .0854 .0870 .0858 .0858 .0851 .087 0 .0854 .0840 .0840 .06 03 .0719 .0770 .0828 SOLFAST'RHODAMINES Y 10371 2.63 Y D- 2717 2.63 B 10 37 3 2.52 .0456 .0456 .0476 SCARLET LAKE 10180 2.82 . 0425 ARYLIDE REDS AND MAROONS Solfaat Scarlet* D-279 9 L 36 10397 Solfaat Reda 1.44 10 398 10 399 1.41 1.42 Toluidine Maroon* 10396 1.41 10393 1.58 Solfaat Maroona D-28 30 1.44 D-2831 1. 46 .0883 .08 33 .0851 .0854 .08 SI .0756 .0833 . 08 22 OIL ABSORP. 36 53 47 37 4) 57 39 52 34 34 30 52 35 35 35 25 32 28 31 40 40 44 36 S5 37 65 60 68 38 66 OOO7-SWP-000002375 Table A. PROPERTIES OF COLOR PIGMENT SPECIFIC CHAV,IP MAROON TONERS CP 429 1.81 CP 779 1.53 BULKING VALUE .0663 .0784 ALIZARINE REDS AND MAROONS 10132 1.76 .0682 10322 1.76 .068 2 103S2 1.91 .0628 BORDEAUX MAROONS 10182 2.95 10340 2.88 .0407 .0416 CHROME GREENS 118 2S 118 34 118 37 11835 4.98 4.50 3.27 2.57 .0241 .0 266 .0 367 .0467 SOLFAST GREENS CP 771 1.97 CP 983 1.97 .0609 .0609 SHAMROCK GREENS 1118 4 1.79 11185 1.67 D-2463 2.57 D-2464 3. SO .0670 .0718 .0 467 .0343 PERMANSA GREENS CP S94 1.47 CP 986 2. 46 .0816 .08 22 SOLFAST GREENS 11174 2.63 11162 2.35 .0456 .0511 OIL 55 42 33 33 54 31 32 11 13 34 30 38 38 23 23 13 14 37 36 SERENE GREENS D-283 2 D-28 33 SPECIFIC CHAVm 1.97 2.04 SOLFAST SKY BLUES CP 961 CP 988 HUT IRON BLUE3 11086 11840 11148 11023 D-2817 D- 2875 11096 11186 1.64 1.45 90 1.79 1.79 1.84 1.85 1.79 1.85 1.85 1.81 ALKALI BLUES CP 258 CP 812 CP 970 1. 44 1. 32 1.18 VICTORIA BLUE CP 476 2. 32 ROYAL PURPLE ff~639 1.79 METHYL VIOLET CP 490 2.34 41 59 BULKING .0609 .0589 .0732 .0828 .0670 .0670 .0648 .0648 .0670 .0648 .0648 .0663 .0833 .0909 . 1017 .0517 .0671 .0513 OIL ABSOEP. 27 31 27 42 55 45 58 40 55 40 . 57 46 68 95 38 77 46 67 0000023T6 0007-SP" Table B. COMPETITIVE COLOR H6HEHTS IMPERIAL DUPONT CALCO CHROME YELLOWS: Primrose Primrose Light Light Light -Medium . Zf Medium Medium Medium Medium X-19 37 A-2886 X-4809 X-H'-O Y-488 Y-434 Y-40S 40*1450 40-2450 40-3350 40-146 0 Y-468 Y- 47 2 Y-469 40-4511 40- 4495 40-4480 CHROME ORANGES: Light Light Medium Oerk Extra Dark X-819 A-4337 YO-263 YO-422 YO- 260 YO* 34 YO* 38 40-5460 40-6500 40-7 450 40 - 7600 MOLYBDATE ORANGES Light A-440 3 Li ght Dark Dark YO-421 YO-421 40-8250 40-8300 40-8300 40-8250 ZINC YELLOW: X-883 PERMANSA YELLOWS: 10G G 45-9108 YT-445 45-2450 BENZIDINE YELLOWS: X-1934 YT- 459 YT-SS3 45 - 2650 45-2SS5 PERMANENT ORANGE: X-1481 PERMANSA ORANGE: - 45-9060 YT-419 45- 30 1 5 BENZIDINE ORANGE: SOLFAST ORANGE: Madras GRAPHIC RED Y: X-1214 BRITONE RED Y: X-1469 REICHHOLD 1010 1070 /tvs' 1085 1080 2010 2020 2040 2221 206 0 2262 1415 1S50 1555 2S2C 2540 5012 KENTUCKY 2000 153H 57M A314 2S09 2510 2813 SIERWINHARMON WILLIAMS 1207 4 12074 12147 12147 12307 12135 12310 12150 12150 12150 12311 12311 12082 12084 120 9 3 1209S D-2843 12145 D-2822 12054 YH-4 YH-1 12105 12101 Yb-2 12190 12191 D-28 5 3 YB-3 Y- 25 10376 10369 12193 D-2911 CP 272 O' 817 S -. _ l - 1 V- :r J ^ l? f- >J 'r - 68 0007"SUP"00OOO2377 Tblt B. COMPETITIVE COLOR PIGMENTS IMPERIAL IX POM REICHHOLD SUCO (jRAPhIC RED >1: BRITONE BED M: X-1001 X-1096 in-321 RT-46 3 X-147? X-1095 RT-364 X-1398 X-158 3 X-1152 RT-2B3 RT-242 i S003 5015 Sae(t CR2744 CR216S CR2300 CR2S12 CR2122 CR2367 CR2950 CR2535 CR2505 CP.2200 BRJTONF. RED M-Y: X-1723 X-1729 X-1233 X-11S1 Rl-299 RT-482 CR2985 CR2705 GRAPHIC RED R: BPITONF. RED R: X- 1148 X-9S7 RT-42S RT-464 X-1666 X-9S7 X-1329 HI-265 RT-387 RT-431 5018 CR2166 6025 CR2629 BRITONE MAROONS: X-1779 X* 1307 R^l-284 RT-432 CR2350 CR2344 LAKE RED C: RLEANOX REDS: ` X-1153 X-1180 X-1700 RT-313 RT-308 Hl-507 m-331 RT-281 IYI-443 RT* 443 CR2320 CR5011 CTS5250 CR6500 CR6550 HILTONDAVIS 120 A 10F100 U9S 114 151H 25F10 2 15F101 127 17 3 106 172 SOLFAST REDS: X-1778 RT-428 CR6 S10 PIGMENT RLEINF.: RT-359 sherwin. WILLIAMS CP 233 CP 800 CP 800 CP 835 CP 918 CP 918 CP 668 < CP 901 CP 802 CP 804 CP 602 CP 805 CP 80S CP 813 CP 813 CP 234 CP 564 CP 822 CP 822 CP 614 CP 318 CP 318 CP 565 CP 808 CP 808 CP 377 CP 820 CP 820 CP 470 CP 281 CP 281 CP 80 3 CP 328 CP 543 CP 368 CP 1019 CP 762 CP 776 CP 663 CP 780 CP 1030 69 007"S"p-OOOC02378 Table B. COMPETITIVE COLOR PIGMENTS IMPERIAL DUPONT CALOO SHERWINREICHHOLD KENTUCKY HARMON WILLIAMS PARA REDS: Light Light Light Dark Dark Dark A-4329 B-1439 X. 1022 A-1757 B-329 2 RT-435 Rl-442 20-1350 20-2080 20-2514 5055 5065 103S5 10 333 10S02 10109 10109 10 384 TOLUIDINE REDS: Extra Light ^ Light ic`-'S:rLight Medium Extra Dark Ijtrt'tnSn ftt-t Fri-gaa A-2989 fRT-386 A-29 90 A-2990 RT-505 20 - 3300 20-3920 20-3785 PEIWANSA RED: 20-7013 5410 10361 SOLFAST RhODAMINES: T X-1143 B X-1127 ARYLIDE REDS AND MAROONS: Solfast Scarlet So If as t Red So lfast Red Toluidiae Maroon RT-3S7 HT- 330 RT-S31 RT-537 RT-539 RT-530 20-7425 20 - 7 490 MT-5 10371 10 37 3 0- 2799 10398 10399 10393 MAROON TONER ALIZARINE RED CHROME GREENS: Light Medium Dark Dark SOLFAST GREEN: PEEKANSA GREENS: X-1455 A-4200 A-4463 A-4464 A-4 365 X-1291 SOLFAST BRILLIANT GREEN: A-4381 SOLFAST SKY BLUES: IRON BLUES: Milori Milori Milori Chinese Prussian A-4406 A-4429 RT-332 25-9240 943F G-551 . 10-8100 .^10-8400 r r. 10-8863 G-553 10-8516 GT- 486 GT- 6 46 scrr -(*'&) 3004 3S 288C GT-347 15-2315 BT-172 BP-17 3 a: m. r-J'-Pf' > B-216 b 50-1750 B-197 B-63 B-140 50-1750 50-4070 '/ ) 4010 4206 40 35 CP 429 10132 03SJI. 118 34 Hi 11837 //? ` 11835 11835 CP 771- CP 594 CP 986 11174 CPX 483 CP 988 <r''*/ 11086 11086 11840 11023 11096 NOTE: Because of the great number of standards of Alksli Blues, Solfast Victoria Blues, Methyl Violets, and Solfast Blues available in ink form, it is not practical to list com petitive standards. 304 ,/**/ 70 007-SMP^000002379 (*) . n-933 ~ BLUES vihqldia ITVXTY N0UI XSVJ3C6 Vid-XSVnCS VSKYWfld ohwhs d-D-lSVilOS aivaito XXX XXX w co co co co co co co co co co co co co co co co co co co co XX XX 4 III CO CO 1 CO 1 i CO co co co co co < t i i XXXKKKXK 4 XXXKXXXX 4 cocococococococo 4 coCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO COCOCOCOCOCOCOCO 4 cocococococococo 4 CO CO co col 4 cocococococococo co CO 14 44 U. CO 4" H 44 H CO 41 co co tn co GREENS MAROONS REOS TABLE C. MINT MPUSTBY USES FOR COLOR PIGMENTS ORANGES StHNOI NOOUVK SNOOIVW l 3KiaimaL i Bwavznv 3NIWV00HU VSNVW3d uojq-uoM) ; 3K'iamQl I (j jn*y) i 3\'iaimoi i VHVd d*D-isvnas xo.MYana H OIHdVHD S OIHdVHD A OIHdVUD 1A 4 1t| 1I co co co co co co co co co 4 co co co *1 1 44 Ii co co i co co 141 CO CO 1 co co co co < CO CO a * i CO CO CO a 1 1 II 11 XXXXXXXXX CO CO CO CO a a a a 4 cocococococococo 4 CO CO CO CO CO CO a a 4 44I 1 1 4 44 4 cococococococococo CO 1 I CO 4 4 4 4 CO 1 4 CO 4 1 CO 4 | 1 1 1411 1 co co CO CO 44 44 It. co co co co co 41 14 11 44 14 14 XKa\YI3d VSN>ttU3d axvaqxioK 3IVCU(Q co co co co CO co CO CO CO CO CO CO CO CO a CO CO 1 CO i CO CO CO a CO CO CO CO a a a > 4 CO CO CO CO a a a a cocococococococo CO cocococococococo CO 44 co co # CO CO CO 3 3NIQIZN3S VSNYWQd DNIZ 3K0UH0 4 co co co 1 CO CO CO 4I CO CO i 1 4 CO i 1 CO a co a CO a CO a CO CO CO CO a a a a a 4 4 CL 4 4 444 1 COCOCOCOCOCOCOCOCO 44 I4 44 CO CO --A9 *m3 aI ^4> <0 lOa ^ "O> --XCS W-C m3m O *me CO 3 fa. H dso h 5 l H<u -i <n _gs h- . .Sd^5CO 2H < a o g Kn.d <*g5 t u a. < ^CO `2'eaZ up S St- < <fiU I d.. )tc0e0z e5oc 5coe o' s si diiepsSsS BSlS"si * i (|}U U to) aSDsa essS|<ec<eS*S* 5a II M<fiuOWU.VSN u > H ill gss <J <. s co a. x u. h $ .J .000002380 000T"suP YELLOWS Tbe D. CHARACTERISTICS OF PYU VEHICLES Dyal XN.X.M* X4Type Viscosity Color Acid Value * 4 Type XPA. Lbs. /gal X N.V.V.. Sol rent Solids Oil E-G V*c. XAC 1 XAC 47 XAC 80 XAC 83 XAC 93 XAC 99 XAC C20 XAC C2I XAD 37 XMD 6 XAC 9 XAC 66 XAC 74 XAC C19 50 70 50 70 70 so 5( 50 50 50 50 60 50 50 XAD 1 XAN 78 XAR 62 50 50 50 XAR C8 XAR C9 50 50 SO M.S. 30 M.S. SO M.S. 30 M.S. 30 M.S. 50 M.S. SO M.S. 50 M.S. 50 M.S. 50 M. S. 50 XYLOL 40 XYLOL 50 XYLOL 25-XYLOL 25-VM A P 50-XYLOL SO-XYLOL XYLOL VM i P 50-XYLOL - X-Y Z-Z, Zr*4 Y*Zl Y-Z{ X-Y zrz2 vix ZS?2U'Z3 Z|-Z2 zj-z; xZ2h*Z4 10-11 8-10 6-9 6-8 6-9 7-9 6-9 8 MAX 9-11 9-12 7 MAX 10-11 8 MAX 4-6 Y-Z 11 MAX U-W 4-6 T-V 10-14 N 12 MAX X-Z 12 MAX 10-12 3-5 6-10 3-S 3-5 15-20 8 MAX 8. MAX 9-11 20-25 6-9 25-30 30-40 8 MAX 10-13 7-10 7-9 14-20 20-25 56 S-L 63-S S4-S 65-S 62-S 56* S 50-S S7-S SO-L 48-S 37-DC 44-DC 37-DC 42-S 38-L 30-C S2-S-T 34-L 28 30 2S 36 25 26 32 31 30 35 0 43 38 45 40 41 42 30 28 32 7.58 7.98 7.65 7.97 8.00 7.58 7.59 7.54 7.34 7.50 6.29 8.40 8.28 7.99 8.24 8.36 7.83 8.12 8.2S 40 50 34 54 50 40 33 34 33 42 34 39 33 . 4C 42 42 - CODE FOR "TYPE OIL" : C - Cocoanut DC * Dehydrated Caster L - Linseed S * Soya T - Tun* 0007-SBP-000002381 Table E- COMPATIBILITY OF PYAL VEHICLES XAC C19 XAC 1 XAC 47 XAC 80 XAC 8 3 XAC 93 XAC 99 XAC C20 XAC C21 XAD 26 XAD 37 XMD 6 XAC 9 XAC. 66 XAC 74 XAC C19 XAD 1 XAN 78 XAP 62 ** o C9 t+i O' 8 u CN u 8 r w O' * k a a 5 s s 5* % s * XXXXXX X . C2 X a * X ccccccccccI I I cI I c C- cccccccccI I 1 cII c cc - cccc ccc sI cccccc ccc- cccccccI I I cI I c cccc ccccccI csccsc ccccc cccccI cI c II c cccccc. ccccI cscccc ccccccc- cccI cI ccI c cccccccc. ccscccccc ccccccccc . I scccccc ccs cccccc I - I I I sI I s I I I I II I I ss I . ccccc I I I cI ccccccI c. ccccc I I cI sI sI ccI cc. cccc cc ccccccc csccc . cc c I I c I cI c ccc I cccc . cc i I c I sI c I c cI ccccc9 c cccccccccc sI ccccc EXPLANATION: c Comyatibl e S Slightly Compatible I * Incompatible 73 OC07-SHP-000002302 Tble F. HIKT INDUSTRY USES FOR DVfcL VEHICLES I. WHEN SOLVENT IS MIHERAt SPIRITS Appliance Whites Anti-Rust Primers Architectural Rhites Architectural Colors Automotive Chassis Automotive Clears * Enamels-Air Dry " -taking * Lacquers * Undercoaters Awning Paints Bulletin Colors Cabinets-Metsl " -Rood Drums Enaoels-Air Dry-brush -Air Dry-Sr ray * Lo Bake-Dip * Lo bake-Spray " Hi Bake-Dif Hi bake-Spray " Maintenance Engine Enamels Farm Machinery Freight Cars Furni ture-Cl ears " Enamels Metal * Enamels Rood Grinding Vehicles Household Enamels-Rhite * Enamels - Color Lacquer Modifiers Marine Finishes Mill Whites Paints-Trim A Trellis Pumps-brushing Railway Cars Signs-Metal Signs-Rood Silk Screen Paste lank Cars Toys Trucks Urea Modification Varnish Fortification XAC 47 eO e Ov s u <N C<N nr- X Xa X a X X *X X% OX X 5X C s QHiR'D MOOR sow so* MOMID see so so SDL SK.O soc scorn SbQ SQDR SQDR SQD MQDFR SODFR SQDR SQ-DR MQDR sore SOD SCL MQDR mcc-r SQD* MODI mqDF sot SOGR SOD SQOG SQDG sor- sod sgr.w sou* MSQsD* SODR MOD* SOD SOD SCW SOD SQD SQCC SQD s.vtx MOD* SQDR SQD SQD SQDC V.BQ SODR SO-D so* SQD SQD SQD* SOD* SQDR SQDR SQDR SQD SOP SQDR SOD SODR SQDR MOEC SQCR SQC soc SQCR SQC SQD SQDR SQD s SQDR SQD SC sc sc so- sor MQDC SQDC SQDR SQD* SQD MODR SQD* SOD SODR SODR MQDR SQD* SOD SOD MQDRC mqp MOD SOD MDQ SQDC SQD SODC SO-D SOD modv. SQD MO'DR SOD SQDR MOD SQD MQDbC so MODbC MOD sor MHFD SQD SQD SQ-D sc VC sc sc sc SQD MQD MQD SOD MQ SQD MO SQD SC MOD sc MOD sc SQC* son SQDR MODR SQDR sow SQDR S MODOR MQDR SODR SQDC SOD SQD SQCGR SQDR SODR SODR SODR SQDR MQGR MQGR MQDRE MOW MOCL* MQGR SQD* SOD MODR SQD* SODR SQD* S SS S SQD S SO-D* SQDR SODR s SOD SQD* SQDR SQ-DR SQGR S SQDR SQD S SQD* MQDR MQDRC SQP SQD sc MQDF sc sc Ss CODE: M--Most Suitable S-- Sui t abl e B-Unusual Esse of Brushing C--Lo* Cost D--best Durability F-*Fastest Dry G--Highest Gloss H--Hardest Film Q--Quslity of highest Order R--Suitable for Rhitea 74 0007-SBP-000002363 Table F. PAINT INDUSTRY USES FOE PTAL VEHICLES . 2. WHEN SOLVENT IS AROMATIC AHD/OR V.H. A P. NAPHTHA <6 . u . 9* w n we 8 6 \ a X Xa *X 9 K 9 X 5K 5 5 5X Appliance Whites MQO s . SQC SQ Anti-Rust Prioera r Architectural Whites " Colors Automotive Chassis * Clears SQD s I SQ SQD SW S *^ SQ SQO SW SQO MFH SQ MQF H * Enamels-Air Dry SQDW MDQG " SQDG SQFH * * -baking " Lacquers SO MDQG MDQG SQFH SQ * Undercoaters Awning Paints SQD SQD SQD MQD MFHDQ bulletin Colors * Cabinets Metal MQOGW SQDW SQDW SQDW SQD SQD SQDG SQFH * - Wood SQDW SQDW SQDW SQDG SQFHC Drums Enamela-Air Dry Brush Enamels-Air Dry - Spray * Lo bake-Dip * Lo bake Spray * Hi bake Dip " Hi bake - Spray * Maintenance Engine Enamels Farm Machinery Freight Cars Furni ture-Clears " Enamels - Metal * - Wood Grinding Vehicles Household Enamels - White SQDW MQCHW MQDHW SQD SQDW SQDW SQDW SQDW SQD SQD SQD SQD SQD SQDW SQDW SQDW SQD SQD SQD SQD SQD SQDW SQDW SQDW SQDW SQDW SQD SQDW SQDW SQDW SQD SQD SQD SQD SQD SQD SQD SQD SQD MQO SQDW SQDW SQDG SQOG SQDG SQDG SQDG SQDG SQFHC SQFH SQEHC SQFHC SQFHD SQDGH SQGD SDGQ SQDG SQOG MQFHC MQFHC MQFHC MQFHD MQFHC MQFHr * Enamels Colors Lacquer Modifiers Marine Finishea MQD Mill Whites Paints - Trim l Trellis Pumps - brushing . Hail nay Cara Signs - Metal Signs - Wood SQDW SQDW SQD SQDW SQD SQDW SQD SQDG MQFHL SQDG SQFH I Silk Screen Fastes Tank Cars Toys Trucks Urea Modification Varniah Fortification SQDW MEHWF s SQDW SQDW S ' SQDW MQDW SQO MQDW SQD MQDW MQDG MQDG SQD MQCF CODE: M--Most Suitable S--Suitable b--Unuaual Ease of Brushing C--Lo Coat D--best Durability F--Fastest Dry G*>Higlitit Gloss H--Hardest Film 0--Quality of Highest Order '..Suitable for Whites 75 OOOT-SWT-OOOC0238  . . Twblw' 6. BEST DTAL VEHICLES FOR MiIT mttUSTRY^USES ORDER OF PREFERENCE Int ' 2nd 3rd 4th Appliance Whites Anti>Ru*t Priaers Architectural Whites Architectural Color* Autoaotive Cb*a*ia Autoaotive Clear* Autoaotire Enamels* Air Dry Automotive Enaael* - Bake Automotive Lacquer* Autoaotive Uadercoatcr* Awning Paint* Bulletin Color* Cabinet* - Metal Cabinet* * Rood Drum* Enaael* Air Dry - Brush Enaael* Air Dry - Spray Enaael* Lo Bake - Dip Enaael* Lo Bake - Spray Enaael* Hi Bake - Dip Enaael* Hi Bake - Spray Enaael* Maintenance Eaulsion Vehicle* Engine Enamel a Farm Machinery Freight Car* Furniture * Clears Furniture Enaael* - Metal Furniture Enaael* * Rood Grinding Vehicle* Household Enamel* White Household Enaael* - Color* Lacquer Modifiers Marine Finishes Mill Wfcite* Overprint Varnishes Paint* - Tria Trellis Puap* - Brushing Railway Cars Signs - Metal Signs - Wood Silk Screen Pastes Syndicate Vehicle* Tank Car* Tin Decorating Toy* Trucks Urea Modification Varnish Fortification Wrinkle Finishes XAC 9 XAC 09 XAC C19 XAN 78 XAR C9 XAC 66 XAC C19 XAC. C9 XAC 47 XAC 83 XAC 93 XAC 1 XAR C9 XAC 47 XAR a XAC 93 XAD 37 XAC 1 XAD 26 XAC C20 XAR 62 XAR C6 XAR C* i. ' XAR 62 XAR C6 XAR 09 XAN 78 XAN 84 XAC 76 XAR C9 XAR C8 XAC 66 XAC C9 XAC C21 XAC 93 XAC 47 XAC 93 XAD C7 XAD 11 XAC 9 XAC C20 XAC Cl9 XAC 1 XAC 99 XAC C20 JND 6 XML1 Cll )MD 165 XMD C12 XAC 1 XAD 37 XAC C20 XAC 80 XAD 37 XAR C9 XAR 7 XAC 9 XAC C20 XAD 1 XAR 7 XAC 80 XAC C20 XAD 1 XAC 9 XAC 09 XAC C19 XAN 78 XtC 9 XAC 09 XAC 19 XAN 78 XAD 37 XAC C20 XAD 26 XRE 158 XRE 137 XRE Cl2 XAC C20 XAD 37 XAR C9 XAD 1 XAC C20 tt!D 6 XAC C21 JMD 6 XMD Cl !D 165 XMD Cl2 . XAC 1 XML 6 XAR C9 XAC 1 XAC 80 XAC C20 XAD 37 XAC 1 XAC 80 XAC C20 XAD 37 XAD 26 XAR C 3 XAC C21 XAC 1 XLV C9 XAC 99 XAC C20 XAC C21 XAC 1 XAN 78 XAN 84 XAC 99 XAN Cl XAC C20 XAN C2 XAC 93 X0R Cl 4 XAC 47 XAC S3 XAC 47 XAC 2 XAC C6 XAC C21 XAC 47 XAC 93 XMD Cl2 XAD 37 XAD 37 XAC 1 XAC 99 XAC C19 XAC C19 XMD 6 XAC 1 XAC 80 XAC 47 XACC21 XWD 6 XAC 93 JMD 165 XAD 1 XLV 89 XAD 1 XAR 62 XAC 9 XAC 83 X4D 6 XAD 37 XLV 10 XAD 37 XAR C6 XAC C9 XLV C9 XAC 1 XAR 62 XLV 38 XMD 6 XAR C8 XAC C19 XMD 165 XAR C9 XAN 78 Most Medium and Short Oil Alkyds XAR 7 XAR 19 XOR C2 OTHERS 0007-5HP-000002385 76