Document 3Ne6D9pBVVMJ3XrQqo0vKDwjy

Technical lifetime heat pumps Industrial Heatpumps 150 MW Status: Date: Created by: Client: Final 25/09/2023 Johan Grinrd Norwegian District Heating Association, Hafslund Celsio AS Efficient, environmentally friendly and safe utilization of energy NORSK ENERGI Energy s Environment Safety Report Client: Project name: Title.: Your ref: Created by: Checked by: Status: Abstract: Norwegian District Heating Association, Hafslund Celsio AS Technical lifetime heat pumps Technical lifetime heat pumps Cato Kjolstad Johan Grinrod Jon Tveiten, Final Date: 25.09.2023 Document ID: 3 -2 1 Introduction The Norwegian District Heating Association and Hafslund Oslo Celsio AS ( Celsio) have asked Norsk Energi for a professional assessment to estimate the technical lifetime of industrial heat pumps between 1-50 MW. The issue is related to a possible ban on synthetical refrigerants used in large scale industrial heat pumps used in district heating production. Norsk Energi is an advisory consulting company with a focus on thermal energy plants. We are Norways leading consultants on heat pump applications in district heating and cooling systems. 2 The difference between small heat pumps and industrial heat pumps between 1-50 MW In order to determine the technical lifetime of a heat pump system, we suggest to differentiate between standard "shelf ready" heat pumps and large industrial heat pumps. Large industrial heat pumps with duty 1-50 MW are normally module-based and made up of many different components that can be replaced, if necessary, without the entire heat pump having to be replaced. Large heat pumps are more to be seen as process plants assembled from commercially available parts. In addition, the components often hold industrial standard with high quality and Efficient, environmentally friendly and safe utilization of energy MAIN OFFICE Hoffsveien 13 P.O. Box 27 Sloven N - 0212 Oslo Phone: 22 06 18 00 Dok Id: 36852-2 Revisjonsdato: 13.09.2023 OFFICE GJOVIK Strandgt. 13 A N - 2815 GjOvik OFFICE BERGEN Damsgardsveien 131 N - 5160 Laksevag Organization no. 945 469 277 VAT Acct.no. 7034 05 00014 energi.no www.energi.no Page 2 of 4 Client: Title: Norwegian District Heating Association, Hafslund Celsio AS Technical lifetime heat pumps sometimes better technology. An example is the turbo compressor which is more robust and long lived compared to other compressor technologies. This contributes to a long technical life. Smaller heat pumps, e.g. below 1 MW, built by the HVAC industry, is different. The components might be unique, manufacturer specific, often unidentifiable, and not available over time. For such systems, it is normal to replace the entire heat pump assembly when the system does not function satisfactorily. The technical lifetime of smaller heat pump systems is normally around 15 years. Figure 1 Industrial heat pump 3 Experienced lifetimes industrial heat pumps In connection with our assistance in various projects, we have investigated operating experiences from existing industrial heat pumps in district heating systems. Heat pumps installed in a district heating system are not necessarily operated all year round. Other energy sources can be prioritized as base load production, and the heat pumps might be stopped during the summer months when the demand for district heating is low. This means that the heat pumps does not get the same amount of wear and tear as if they were in operation all year round. Experience from investigated facilities shows that industrial heat pumps in district heating system are mainly operated between 5080% of the time during a year. Industrial heat pumps installed in the 1980s are still in operation and approaching 3540 years of life. Through systematic maintenance and replacements, these heat pumps are expected to be in operation for another 15 years or longer. So, in total we expect these heat pumps to be in operation for 50 years. Efficient, environmentally friendly and safe utilization of energy Dok ID: 368522 Revisjonsdato: 13.09.2023 Page 3 of 4 Client: Title: Norwegian District Heating Association, Hafslund Celsio AS Technical lifetime heat pumps Installation Year of delivery Stockholm Martensdal Stockholm Solna rebro Stockholm Robsten Jarfalla Energi Vrtan Ropsten Sandvika 1 1986 1986 1985 1986 1985 1984 (4) 1986 (2) 1988 Kista Akalla 1998 Year in operation 37 37 38 37 38 39 37 35 25 Approx. number of operating hours 180'000 180000 120'000 Lysaker 1998 25 130'000 Nimrod 200001 22 100'000 Fornebue 2000 23 110'000 Fornebue 05 2005 18 90'000 Sandvika 2 2008 15 Skoyen 05 2006 17 Skoyen 07 2008 15 Katri Vala 2005 18 Turku I 2009 14 Figure 2 Industrial heat pumps year of operation. 100'000 73'500 65'000 100'000 90'000 Approx number of operation years (full time) Operating years/year in operatiion Source Heating capacity Sewage Water 2*20 000+ 2*30000 kW Sewage water 4*30 000 kW Sewage water 21+20 000 kW sea water 4*25000 kW sea Water 2*20 000 kW 20,8 0,5 6 x 30'000 kW Sea water 6 x 20'000 kW* 20,5 0,6 Sewage water 2 x 7'000 kW 13,7 0,5 District cooling 2 x 9'125 kW 14,8 0,6 Sea water ind. 1 x 4'500 kW 11,4 0,5 Sea water ind. 4 x 9'000 kW 12,6 0,5 Sea water ind. 1 x 5'400kW 10,3 0,6 Sea water ind. 1 x 8'300 kW 11,4 0,8 Sewage water 8'000kW 8,4 0,5 Sewage water 18'400 kW 7,4 0,5 Sewage water 9'200 kW 11,4 0,6 Effluent ind. 5 x 18'110 kW 10,3 0,7 Effluent 18'000 kW 4 Our assessment of technical lifetime Based on the fact that industrial heat pumps consist of replaceable components, normal operating hours in a district heating system, and operating experiences up to 40 years, our assessment is that the expected technical lifetime for such installations is approx. 3035 years. With proper maintenance and reinvestment in various individual components, you can expect to operate industrial heat pumps in a district heating system for up to 50 years. If suitable refrigerants are banned, these heat pumps with turbo compressors cannot be converted to natural refrigerants and they will reach the end of their technical life. Natural refrigerants are normally more toxic or flammable and require higher safety measures. As a result, the entire energy plant may have to be relocated. Efficient, environmentally friendly and safe utilization of energy Dok ID: 368522 Revisjonsdato: 13.09.2023 Page 4 of 4