Document 3Nd4aJgEjeNmD21wkzNwM7Qnx

IVW I W l I J cl-eaii4rt Pyranol Insulating Liquid INTRODUCTION Pyranol insulating liquid is an askacel whieh has been compounded to General Electric Company specifica tions and contains polychlorinated bi phenyls (PCB's). Car*'should be taken to prevent any entry of this material into the environment through spills, leakage, use, disposal, vaporisation or otherwise. Materials that are unaffected by Py ranol have been selected for use in con* structing Pyranol transformers and no substitutes should be made for these materials without the approval of the General Electric Company. These instructions contain certain excerpts from NEMA Publication No. TR-P6-1973 and/or ANSI standards C107.1 concerning techniques for hand* ling and disposing of askarels and askarel-contaminated materials. For fur* ther information on this subject the user is referred to the latest revisions of these publications.' SAFETY PRECAUTIONS Based on a long period of safe indus trial usage, it is generally thought that exposure to Pyranol is relatively harm less to humans. However, it is still rec ommended that exposure be held to a minimum. VAPORS Breathing of concentrated vapors in poorly ventilated areas or of fumes from heated Pyranol should be avoid ed. High concentrations of vapors can cause irritation of the eyes. nose, throat and upper respiratory tract. CAUTION - Hydrogen chloride gas is formed when Pyranol is decomposed by an electrical arc. Although a sca venger is added to chemically neutral ize any of this gas dissolved in the li quid. some free gas may be present. This gas is an irritant and the inhala tion of large quantities can be danger ous and harmful to personnel. The presence of hydrogen chloride gas even in small quantities is readily detectable by its strong odor and irritant action on the nasal membranes. Should anyone be exposed to a quantity of this gas, immediately escort him to fresh air. If exposure to high concentrations of Pyranol or its arced products is neces sary under emergency conditions, an approved gas mask of the organic canister-type or self-contained breath ing apparatus must be worn. Such ex posure should be under the surveil lance of other personnel capable of res cue in case of accident. If the odor of Pyranol or its arced products is detec ted by the person wearing protective equipment, he should immediately go into fresh air. All gas masks, respira tors and replacement parts should have Bureau of Mines approval and be main tained on a regular schedule in accord ance with the manufacturer's recom mendation. LIQUID Unlike mineral insulating oil, there is no fire hazard in handling Pyranol. A limited solvent action (similar to that for paint thinner) on the fata and oils of the skin with prolonged contact may lead to drying and chapping of the skis. As with insulating oil, some people are allergic to Pyranol and continued ex posure may result in skin irritation. Both the liquid and vapor are moder ately irritating to eye tissue. Operating procedures should require avoidance of contact with Pyranol. The use of porous gloves whieh can absorb and retain Pyranol is to be avoided. Resistant gloves and aprons of the neo prene, polyethylene, viton type should be used if contact is unavoidable. In case of spillage on the clothing, the clothing should be removed as soon as practical, the skin washed and the . clothing laundered. Medicinal washes or mild detergents followed by the application of cold cream will reduce the irritation resulting when Pyranol comes in con tact with an open cut or abrasion. Safety glasses with side shields or a face shield should be worn when hand ling Pyranol. Eyes which have been ex posed to the liquid should be irrigated immediately with large quantities of running water for 15 minutes and then examined by a physician if the irrita tion persists* (A drop of castor oil has been found to reduce irritation.) Persons developing a skin irritation or respiratory tract irritation while working with Pyranol should be placed under supervision of a physician. Ingestion or swallowing of Pyranol is not generally regarded as a problem of the industry. Should accidental inges tion occur, a physician should be con sulted. Hands should be washed with warm w ater and soap before eating, drinking, smoking or using toilet facili ties. RECEIVING, HANDLING AND STORING RECEIVING Immediately upon receipt of a Pyranol-filled transformer or shipping drums containing Pyranol an examina tion should be made for leaks. If leak age is evident either at this time or at any time thereafter, the cause should be corrected and the spillage soaked up with absorbent materials such as saw dust or fuller's earth, followed by a clean-up of the affected area with rags soaked with kerosene or other ap proved solvent such as perchloroethyleneor trichloroethylene. All materials used should be collected for proper dis position as described under "Disposal". HANDLING On those infrequent occasions when the pyranol is removed for shipment, the transformer will be shipped gas filled and is to be liquid filled at instal lation. (Refer to separate installation instructions for filling procedures.) If the transformer is located outdoors, adequate precautions must be. taken to insure that no dirt or moisture enters fl iaa n wifaa , m --w n a r l tm w * atf dmmU mr *aa mr m m ttm m m m. U m M f m m mfmrmmrnmm fca M a r rthrtm d M Ma G, u n * lh r * n Ca a p io y. tm tfm rim r wa, f ----W, far --ary amMa ar*m M t * ara m* t M v d M U M i a caaaw fiM atf* fu M W iaa. tmr Um ird m tm 't l a p i a . Ma M M , Mm W h* GENERAL ELECTRIC G ENP004588 772547 GII-65080B Pyranol Insulating Liquid ihe Pyranol during the filling opera tion. Before opening a container of Py ranol allow it to stand until the liquid is at least as warm as the surrounding air. Before placing the Pyranol In the transformer take a sample from each container and make dielectric test as outlined under "Sampling" and "Test ing". If the tests are unsatisfactory, re store the dielectric strength before placing the Pyranol in the transformer. When transferring from containers to the transformer it is recommended that the liquid be passed through a fil ter press to remove any undetected moisture or sediment which may bo present. Pyranol must be handled in contain ers, pipes, all-metal hoses, etc., which are free from oil, grease, pitch, or other, foreign materials, since these contaminate the liquid and decrease its nonflammable properties. All appara tus used in sampling, filtering, storing, or transporting Pyranol must be main tained for exclusive use with Pyranol. since it is extremely difficult to remove all traces of oil or other Pyranol con taminants from equipment of this type. Also, mineral oil is completely miscible in Pyranol, and it is practically impos sible to separate the. two liquids after they have been mixed*. All-metal hose must be used in hand ling Pyranol since rubber and rubberlined hoses are dissolved by Pyranol. This is also true of synthetic rubber hose. Use kerosene or other approved sol vent to remove all traces of Pyranol on the outside of the transformer tank. This precaution should be taken since Pyranol has a tendency to soften the paint. Examine the external surfaces of the transformer at intervals to see that the paint-is unharmed. If places are found where the paint has been attacked, thoroughly clean the surface and repaint with a good grade of dura ble paint recommended by the General Electric Company. All Pyranol-con* taminated materials are to be collected for proper disposition as outlined under "Disposal". Shipping Notice Whenever any Pyranol*filled trans former or shipping drum is placed in transit it should be identified with a prominent label containing the follow ing warning or words to this effect: NOTICE t O CARRIER CAUTION - YOU ARE HANDLING A TRANSFORMER tOR DRUMS) FILLED WITH PYRANOL INSU LATING LIQUID. THIS PRODUCT CONTAINS POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYLS (PCB'S). C A R E SHOULD BE TAKEN TO PRE VENT ITS ENTRY INTO THE EN VIRONMENT. IF A SPILL OR LEAK DOES OCCUR NOTIFY THE PROPER FEDERAL AND STATE AGENCIES IMMEDIATELY. STORAGE Shipping drums should be stored in doors in an area especially selected for this purpose. A curb should enclose the ares to provide a basin for containing the Pyranol from one or more drums should they become damaged. The ares must not have a drain which is connect ed to a sanitary or storm sewer. If necessary to store drums or cans containing Pyranol outdoors, protect the containers from the weather and direct contact with water. Regardless of location, all drums should be stored in a position which results in the bungs being under a positive pressure. Do not open a drum or can until the Pyranol is actually needed. Any change in tem perature while the containers are open will cause an'exchange or air with the possibility of moisture entering the Py ranol. Partially emptied drums must be tightly resealed and stored in the same manner as above. PERIODIC INSPECTION The insulating liquid must be main tained at the proper level (see name plate) and for the longest possible serv ice life of the transformer, the dielec tric strength of the Pyranol should be maintained at a high value. It is recom mended, therefore, that the liquid be sampled and tested after the first few days of operation, again after six months, and yearly thereafter. Keep accurate records of the tests and filter or replace the liquid as indicated. The entire transformer should also be thoroughly checked for leaks at these sa ne intervals. SAMPLING Pyranol samples should be taken in a manner to avoid any contamination of the environment. All rinsings and con taminated materials should be collec ted in suitable containers for disposi tion as outlined under "Disposal". The accuracy of test data can be seri ously affected by improper sampling. In order to obtain consistent results it is recommended that the methods out lined in the following paragraphs be observed. Strict attention should be given to the cleaning and drying of sampling and testing receptacles. Samples should be taken when the insulating liquid is at least as warm as the sur rounding air to avoid the possibility of moisture condensation. If the trans former or drum is outdoors, the sample should be taken on a clear day with precautions being taken to guard against contamination by windblown dust, ete. Observe the following pro cedure to obtain consistent results from samples taken either for .field or factory tests. SAMPLING FROM TRANSFORMERS 1. Impurities which tend to affect the dielectric strength of Pyranol will generally be found at the top and therefore the sampling valve is located on the side of the tank about one inch below the 25C liquid level. 2. Samples should be collected in one quart, small neck, brown glass bottles with foil lined screw caps. If de sired, glass sampling battles may be obtained from the General Electric Company as explained under `Testing Service." 3. To clean the bottles, rinse with non-leaded, oil-free gasoline. Then wash with strong soapsuds, rinse thor oughly with distilled water, and dry in an oven at 105C to HOC for at least 8 hours. After drying, the bottles must be tightly sealed. Store them in a dry, dust-free cabinet or compartment. 4. Carefully clean the sampling valve or plug and allow enough insula ting liquid to run out to remove any moisture or foreign m atter which may have collected. 5. Rinse the bottle carefully, at least three times, with small portions of liq uid drawn from the sampling valve. Al low the sampling bottle to drain thor oughly between rinses. 6. Draw a sample into the battle, leaving sufficient air space to allow for possible expansion of the liquid. Reseal the transformer and carefully seal the container to prevent exposure to the atmosphere. 7. *When making repeated samp lings. observe the transformer liquid level and add make-up as required. SAMPLING FROM DRUMS 1. Drums should remain undisturb ed tor at least eight hours heiore being sampled. 2. Glass thieves should be cleaned. I 2' 772548 GENP 004589 r'yrttnol in su la tin g Liq u id GEI-63080B standard conditions of voltage applica in an ice bath, removing and stirring tion (3kV per second rise). If the cup and then redipping, etc. has a dielectric strength above 25 kV, it is considered suitable for testing pur poses. Observe the usual precautions in haiulUng gasoline. 3. Observe the sample carefully and note the temperature- at which initial cloudiness appears. Wipe the outside of the tube with a clean rag or paper 4. Immediately after the final rins towel to facilitate observation of the ing with gasoline, rinse the test cup - slight moisture cloud that may form. with the sample under investigation, Compare to clean insulating liquid at and proceed with the test at once. ambient temperature in a similar tube 5. The temperature of the sample when tested should be the same as that of the room, which should be between 20 C and 30 C (68 F and 86 F). Tests if necessary. Examination for the pres ence of a cloud should preferably be made against a dark background and not directly into the sunlight. . made on samples above this tempera 4. If cloudiness appears at 20 C or a- ture can be misleading. Under no cir bove, high to excessive moisture con cumstances should the test cup be cold tent is indicated. er than the sample being tested. A. Inspect the unit for free water 8. Agitate the sample gently before on the surface of the Pyranol. Fig. V Typical portable die lectric test set dried, and stored in the same manner each filling to prevent variations in re sults due to a settling of contaminants. Pour the liquid into the receptacle slowly to avoid the formation of air bubbles and fill to overflowing. If air bubbles are present, gently rock the test cup a few times and wait at least 3 minutes before applying voltage. B. If free water is not present, a sample should be forwarded to the Laboratory for a quan titative analysis and recom mendations on treatment of the unit. See "Testing Serv ice.** as outlined for bottles. 7. Fill the cup at least five times, 5. If cloudiness does not appear until 3. Take the sample from the top ofmaking one test per filling, and the temperature is below 20 C, an ac the drum, observing the precautions average the results. ceptable moisture content range is in previously outlined. Since the Pyranol is a major portion dicated. TESTING of the insulation system in the trans 8. This field test for moisture should former. its dielectric strength should be regarded as a rough test only and if Field and laboratory test samples, washings, etc., should also be collected for proper disposal. Prior to testing, the sample should be examined visually for the presence of moisture, either in the form of separate droplets or as a cloud dispersed throughout the Pyranol. and for particles of insulation, evidence of carbonization, etc. DIELECTRIC STRENGTH A variety of high-voltage dielectric testing equipment may be purchased from the General Electrie Company. A typical portable test set (Model No. 9T11Y8454) is shown in Fig. 1 and various console.models are also availa ble. Follow the technique specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials, Designation: D877. The fol be maintained as high as possible. A low breakdown voltage is an indication that impurities such as mositure. con ducting dust, lint, or carbonized parti cles have entered the liquid. Pyranol testing lower than 26kV (30 kV when new) should either be filtered to bring it back to its original condition or be re placed, depending on the condition of the liquid and economic considerations. Under normal operating conditions values of 30 kV and above can be main tained. FIELD TEST FOR MOISTURE CONTENT The following field test can be used to detect the presence of excessive amounts of moisture in the insulating liquid: there is any reason to question the con dition of th insulating liquid, a sample should be sent to a laboratory for an ac curate analysis. TESTING SERVICE Where suitable equipment and quali fied personnel are not available for con ducting the necessary tests, the user may wish to avail himself of the follow ing testing service qffered by the General Electric Company. This serv ice includes preparation of the sample bottle, laboratory analysis, report of test results and recommendations on continued use or treatment. Upou receipt of an order through one of its apparatus Sales Offices, the Com pany will furnish the required lowing paragraphs give a general out 1. Obtain a sample of the insulating one-quart sample bottles. These will be line of the procedure. liquid when the transformer is at oper cleaned and dried at the factory and to 1. Set the spacing of the 1-inch di ameter electrodes at 0,100-inch. 2. Wipe the test cup and electrodes clean with dry, calendered tissue or clean, dry chamois and thoroughlyrinse with non-leaded, oil-free, dry gasoline. ating temperature. (Preferably above 40 C.) 2. Starting with the hot sample, rinse a clean, dry test tube with the liq uid to be tested, fill half full and stir continuously with a centigrade ther mometer while cooling to approximate ly 20 C. Cool as much as possible in the insure dryness will be shipped contain ing a small desiccant which is to be-dis- carded prior to sampling. Since reliable tests are dependent upon reliable samples, the sampling procedures de scribed under "Saropline* and on the bottle itself should be carefully ob served. 3. Fill the test cup with dry gasoline ambient air and complete the cooling Return sample containers to the and make a breakdown test under by momentarily dipping the test tub' Laboratory, Medium Transformer Pro* GENP 004590 772549 ,3 to determine when the Altering medi um should be replaced. fig. 2 Typical Pyranol purifier ducts Department, General Electric Company, Rome. Georgia 30161. Pack these samples carefully to avoid break age in transit. Recommendations for continued use or treatment will be furnished based on the following tests conducted in accordance with the indi cated ASTM methods. 1. Dielectric strength, D8T7 2. Acidity, D974 3 / Water content, D1533 the filtering procedure refer to instruc tions GEH-1031, copies of which are available upon request. For information on drying and Altering equipment con tact the nearest apparatus Sales Office of the General Electric Company. When filtering or conditioning Pyra nol. all of the precautions previously described for handling and disposal also apply to the filter papers, fuller's earth, etc. involved in this operation. See "Disposal". NOTE - A scavenger has been*added to the Pyranol to chemically neutralize any hydrogen chloride gas which may be absorbed by the liquid as a result of arcing. A portion of this scavenger may be lost during Altering operations, es pecially if the Pyranol is passed through fuller's earth. A test should therefore be made following Altering to determine how much of the scavenger has been lost and the quantity required to restore the Pyranol to its original condition. Laboratory testing facilities are available through the General Elec tric Company as outlined under "Test ing Service." A transformer contaminated with moisture may not only have moisture suspended in the insulating liquid, but may also have it in the windings and in sulation. The most efficient tempera ture for Altering moisture from the Pyranol is between 20 C and 40 C, but at this temperature the transfer of moisture from the windings and insula tion to the insulating liquid is quite slow. If the dielectric strength of the Pyra nol is still below 30 kV after Altering, consult the nearest apparatus Sales OfAce of the General Electric Company for additional information including possible recommendations on drying the entire transformer. 4. Color, D2129 5. Condition (Visual), D1702 6. Scavenger content (when re quested), D1701 Be sure to answer the questions on the sample bottle label. This informa tion is essential if conclusions or recom mendations are to be made concerning the sample.' For. further information concerning specific problems, consult the nearest [apparatus Sales Office of the General Electric Company. If the Pyranol in question is known to be highly contaminated, transactions con cerning sampling, testing, returning for reclamation or credit, etc., should be handled directly with the Monsanto Chemical Co;, St. Louis, Missouri. FILTERING If test results indicate that moisture or other contaminants are present, they can usually be removed by passing the insulating liquid throuh a Pyranol purifier (Fig. 2). This device may be used either as a paper filter press for drying or with fuller's earth and paper for purifying. For details of Filtration can be accomplished in the transformer or other container by cir culating the Pyranol from the top to the bottom through a filter press. How ever, this method is quite slow since the Altered Pyranol is continuously be ing mixed with the unAltered. Filtering can be done faster and more efficiently by passing the liquid from the trans former, through the Alter and into a separate, clean, dry container and then back through the filter again to refill the transformer. In this manner all of the Pyranol will be given two complete passes through the Alter press. If addi tional Altering is still required, the en tire procedure can be repeated. The filter press will not remove large quantities of free water from the Pyra nol. When a large quantity of free wa ter is introduced into the Alter it will be passed on through, emerging as Anely divided droplets dispersed throughout the Pyranol. Therefore, if free water is present it should be removed before Altering is started. As moisture is ex tracted from the Pyranol during the drying process, the filtering medium will become wet. Frequent samples of the outgoing Pyranol should be tested DISPOSAL Disposal of Pyranol and Pyranolsoaked materials should be accomplish ed by means in which there is no signif icant release of Pyranol to the environ ment. Methods employed for this pur pose include incineration of liquids and soaked software under carefully con trolled conditions at very high temper atures and by controlled landAll burial of apparatus and other hardware. A number of commercial Arms have es tablished Pyranol disposal facilities of this type as indicated under "Disposal Services", The ultimate disposal of a Pyranolfilled transformer may be accomplished by draining the Pyranol and then thor oughly flushing the interior with kero sene or other approved solvent such as perchloroethylne or trichloroethy lene. After removal of the PCB's in this manner the transformer is to be dis mantled with the burnable solids such as wood, cellulosic insulation, gaskets, etc. being set aside for proper disposal -.long with the accumulation of all quids, washings, soaked rags, etc. he remaining metallic components 4 GENP 004591 772550 can then bo handled as normal scrap. i Shipping drams should likewise bo drained and ltushod before being hand led as normal scrip. DISPOSAL SERVICES In addition to the supervised dry landfill sites which may be used for the disposal of Pyranol-contaminated scrap, the following organizations may be contacted concerning use of their in cineration and/or landfill facilities. These firms offer a variety of services at a number of locations and therefore it is generally advisable to make sever al inquiries in order to determine which Is best suited to handle a particular dis posal problem. Specific disposal pro cedures, shipping instructions and cost should be discussed. Other firms may also offer suitable facilities from time to time so additional inquiries may be in order. If preferred, any of the Gen eral Electric Company Apparatus Service Shops may be contacted to serve as an intermediary. Known home officies and phone numbers include: Chem-Trol Polutlon Services, Inc. 4818 Lake Avenue Blasdell, New York 14219 716*826-5860 Monsanto Company 800 N. Lindbergh Blvd. St. Louis, Missouri 63166 314*694-3352 Nuclear Engineering Company P. 0 . Box 146 Morehead, Kentucky 40351 606*784-6611 Rotlins-Purie, Inc. P. O. Box 3349 Wilmington, Delaware 19899 302*478-5150 GENP 004592 772551 MEDIUM TRANSFORMED PRODUCTS DEPARTMENT GENERAL ELECTRIC CO M PANY ROME, GEORGIA 30161 GENERAL ELECTRIC GET>TP 004593 772 5 5 2